WO2020000618A1 - 变电站直流供电系统和蓄电控制方法 - Google Patents

变电站直流供电系统和蓄电控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020000618A1
WO2020000618A1 PCT/CN2018/101988 CN2018101988W WO2020000618A1 WO 2020000618 A1 WO2020000618 A1 WO 2020000618A1 CN 2018101988 W CN2018101988 W CN 2018101988W WO 2020000618 A1 WO2020000618 A1 WO 2020000618A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
module
switch
power supply
supply system
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2018/101988
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵浩标
周哲
丛培杰
蔡蒂
刘珊
区伟明
陈远军
邹志良
黄健源
叶亮
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Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau Co Ltd
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Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau Co Ltd
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Priority to EP18924692.9A priority Critical patent/EP3754807A4/en
Publication of WO2020000618A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020000618A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other DC sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/865—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Details of circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of substations, and in particular, to a DC power supply system and a power storage control method for a substation.
  • Substation batteries are mostly composed of several battery cells connected in series. When the battery is used in series and the battery is in a floating charge state, due to the inconsistency of each battery cell, the floating charge voltage of each battery cell is also different. High or low will also have a considerable impact on battery life. When the floating charge pressure is too high, the internal grid corrosion of the battery is exacerbated, and the internal electrolyte undergoes a hydrogen evolution side reaction, which causes the internal pressure of the battery to be high. The exhaust valve opens, causing the battery to lose water, further exacerbating battery degradation, and greatly reducing battery life .
  • the inventor found that the designed service life of the battery in the substation is 8-10 years. However, often in the actual use of 5-6 years, a large part of the battery capacity has fallen to 80% of the rated capacity. The battery has a short service life.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a DC power supply system for a substation, including a rectifier module, a battery, a charge control module, and a diode module;
  • the input terminal of the rectifier module is used to connect external AC power, and the first output terminal of the rectifier module is used to connect the load;
  • One end of the charge control module is connected to the second output end of the rectifier module, and the other end is connected to the battery, and the charge control module is used to control the rectifier module to charge the battery when the electrical parameter of the battery is lower than the first threshold;
  • the battery is connected to the anode of the diode module, and the cathode of the diode module is used to connect the load.
  • the rectification module includes a first rectification unit and a second rectification unit;
  • the input terminal of the first rectifier unit is used to connect an external AC power source, and the output terminal of the first rectifier unit is used to connect a load;
  • the input terminal of the second rectifier unit is used to connect external AC power, and the output terminal of the second rectifier unit is connected to one end of the charging control module.
  • the diode module includes two or more diodes connected in parallel;
  • the anode of each diode is connected to the battery, and the cathode of each diode is used to electrically connect to the load.
  • the charging control module includes a control circuit and a first switch
  • the first switch is connected in series between the second rectifying unit and the battery
  • the input end of the control circuit is connected to the battery, and is used to control the on / off state of the first switch when the electrical parameter of the battery is lower than the first threshold.
  • the substation DC power supply system further includes a second switch, and the second switch is connected in series between the battery and the load.
  • the input end of the control circuit is further connected to the output end of the first rectification unit and the output end of the second rectification unit, respectively, and the input end of the control circuit is also connected to the cathode of the diode module;
  • the control circuit is used to control the second switch to close when the second rectifier unit is abnormal or the diode module is abnormal.
  • the substation DC power supply system further includes a third switch.
  • One end of the third switch is connected to the output terminal of the first rectifier unit, and the other end of the third switch is used to connect the load.
  • the substation DC power supply system further includes a fourth switch.
  • One end of the fourth switch is connected to the output end of the second rectifier unit, and the other end of the fourth switch is connected to one end of the first switch.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a power storage control method applied to the above-mentioned substation DC power supply system, including:
  • the charging path of the rectifier module to the battery is disconnected.
  • the step of controlling the rectifier module to charge the battery includes:
  • the conduction frequency of the first switch is controlled to gradually increase the charging current of the rectifier module to the battery, so that the charging current is within the safe charging range of the battery.
  • a DC power supply system of a substation provided by the embodiments of the present invention
  • the input end of the rectifier module is used to connect an external AC power source
  • the first output end of the rectifier module is used to Connect the load
  • one end of the charge control module is connected to the second output end of the rectifier module
  • the other end is connected to the input end of the battery.
  • the output end of the battery is connected to the anode of the diode module, and the cathode of the diode module is used to connect the load.
  • the rectifier module supplies power to the load and the battery, and a diode module is connected in series to the battery and the load power supply circuit.
  • the rectifier module When the rectifier module works normally, the rectifier module supplies power to the load. When the rectifier module is abnormal, the battery potential is higher than The potential at the connection between the rectifier module and the load, the diode module works, and the battery charges the load. By setting the charge control module, the rectifier module is allowed to charge the battery when the electrical parameters of the battery are lower than the first threshold, to prevent the battery from floating. Charging status, thereby improving the life of the DC power supply system of the substation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC power supply system of a substation in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC power supply system of a substation in another embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a DC power supply system of a substation in still another embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a power storage control method in an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a power storage control method in another embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a power storage control device in an embodiment
  • FIG. 7 is an internal structural diagram of a computer device in one embodiment.
  • the DC power supply system includes a rectifier module 10, a storage battery 20, a charge control module 30, and a diode module 40.
  • the first output terminal of the rectifier module 10 is used to connect the load 60, one end of the charge control module 30 is connected to the second output terminal of the rectifier module 10, and the other end is connected to the battery 20, and the charge control module 30 is used to lower the electrical parameters of the battery 20 At the first threshold, the rectifier module 10 is controlled to charge the battery 20.
  • the battery 20 is connected to the anode of the diode module 40, and the cathode of the diode module 40 is used to connect to the load 60.
  • the first threshold value refers to a preset reference voltage value.
  • the diode module 40 may include one diode or two or more diodes connected in parallel, the cathode of each diode is electrically connected, and the anode of each diode is electrically connected.
  • the output voltage of the rectifier module 10 is slightly higher than the output voltage of the battery 20. At this time, the rectifier module 10 supplies power to the load 60 through the DC bus.
  • the external AC power source 50 is cut off, for example, after the mains power is stopped, that is, when the rectifier module 10 has no output, the voltage of the battery 20 is higher than the output voltage of the rectifier module 10, and the diode module 40 connected between the battery 20 and the load 60 is immediately When it is turned on, the battery 20 seamlessly supplies power to the load 60 through the diode module 40.
  • the charging control module 30 controls whether the voltage of the battery 20 is lower than the first threshold, and controls the charging of the battery 20 by the rectifier module 10 to prevent the battery 20 from being in a floating state for a long period of time, thereby increasing the life of the battery 20, thereby implementing a DC power supply system. Increased life.
  • the rectifier module 10 and the storage battery 20 in the DC power supply system of the substation provided by the embodiment of the present invention can independently supply power to the DC load 60, and the power supply circuit can be automatically and seamlessly switched to improve the reliability of the DC system.
  • the rectifying module 10 includes a first rectifying unit 11 and a second rectifying unit 12.
  • An input terminal of the first rectifying unit 11 is used to connect an external AC power source 50.
  • the output terminal of the rectifier unit 11 is used to connect to the load 60, the input terminal of the second rectifier unit 12 is used to connect to the external AC power source 50, and the output terminal of the second rectifier unit 12 is connected to one end of the charging control module 30.
  • the output voltage of the first rectifying unit 11 is slightly higher than the output voltage of the battery 20, and at this time, the first rectifying unit 11 supplies power to the load 60 through the DC bus.
  • the voltage of the battery 20 is higher than the output voltage of the rectifier module 10, and the diode module 40 connected between the battery 20 and the load 60 is turned on immediately.
  • the battery 20 seamlessly supplies power to the load 60 through the diode module 40.
  • the diode module 40 is instantly turned on, and the dormant battery 20 at this time
  • the DC load 60 is seamlessly powered by the diode module 40.
  • the charging control module 30 turns on the path between the second rectification unit 12 and the diode module 40 (battery 20)
  • the output voltage of the second rectification unit 12 is higher than the first rectification unit
  • the output voltage of 11 and the output voltage of the battery 20 are instantly turned on by the diode module 40.
  • the second rectifying unit 12 supplies power to the DC load 60 through the charging control module 30 and the diode module 40 in this order.
  • the diode module 40 includes two or more diodes connected in parallel.
  • the anode of each diode is connected to the battery 20, and the cathode of each diode is used to connect to the load 60. Electrical connection.
  • the diode module 40 includes two or more diodes connected in parallel, and adopts a redundant N + 1 design to ensure that if any diode fails, it will not affect the power supply to the DC load 60.
  • the diode D1 when the diode D1 is open, the diodes D2 and D3 can continue to work without affecting the uninterrupted power supply of the battery to the load 60.
  • the charging control module 30 includes a control circuit 31 and a first switch 32.
  • the first switch 32 is connected in series between the second rectification unit 12 and the battery 20.
  • the control circuit An input terminal of 31 is connected to the storage battery 20 and is used to control the on / off state of the first switch 32 when the electrical parameter of the storage battery 20 is lower than the first threshold.
  • the output voltage of the first rectifying unit 11 is slightly higher than the output voltage of the battery 20, and at this time, the first rectifying unit 11 supplies power to the load 60 through the DC bus.
  • the voltage of the battery 20 is higher than the output voltage of the rectifier module 10, and the diode module 40 connected between the battery 20 and the load 60 is turned on immediately.
  • the battery 20 seamlessly supplies power to the load 60 through the diode module 40.
  • the diode module 40 is instantly turned on.
  • the sleeping battery 20 seamlessly supplies the DC load 60 through the diode module 40 .
  • the control circuit 31 controls the MOSFET to be completely turned on
  • the output voltage of the second rectifier unit 12 is higher than the output voltage of the first rectifier unit 11 and the output voltage of the battery 20, and the diode module 40 is turned on instantly.
  • the second rectifier unit 12 supplies power to the DC load 60 through the first switch 32 and the diode module 40 in this order.
  • the control circuit 31 detects that the electrical parameter of the battery 20 is lower than the first threshold, it controls the conduction state of the first switch 32 so that the second rectifying unit 12 charges the battery 20.
  • the substation DC power supply system further includes a second switch K4, and the second switch K4 is connected in series between the battery 20 and the load 60.
  • a second switch K4 is connected in series between the battery 20 and the load 60.
  • the second switch K4 can be immediately closed to restore the DC power supply system of the substation to the state of the traditional DC system, and still ensure that the battery 20 can continuously supply power to the load 60.
  • the input terminal of the control circuit 31 is also connected to the output terminal of the second rectifier unit 12 and the cathode of the diode module 40 respectively.
  • the control circuit 31 is used for abnormality or diode module of the second rectifier unit 12. When 40 is abnormal, the second switch K4 is controlled to be closed.
  • the control circuit 31 detects a current / voltage parameter output from the output terminal of the second rectifying unit 12, and at the same time the control circuit 31 detects a current parameter flowing out of the cathode of the diode module 40 or a cathode potential parameter of the diode module 40.
  • the control circuit 31 determines the first Whether the second rectifier unit 12 and the diode module 40 are abnormal. If the second rectifier unit 12 or the diode module 40 is abnormal, in order to ensure that the battery 20 can provide uninterrupted power supply to the load 60, the control circuit 31 controls the second switch K4 to close and provides A connection path from the battery 20 to the load 60.
  • the substation DC power supply system further includes a third switch K1, one end of the third switch K1 is connected to the output terminal of the first rectifier unit 11, and the other end of the third switch K1 is used to connect the load 60.
  • the substation DC power supply system further includes a fourth switch K2.
  • One end of the fourth switch K2 is connected to the output terminal of the second rectifier unit 12, and the other end of the fourth switch K2 is connected to one end of the first switch 32. .
  • a fourth switch K2 is connected in series between the second rectification unit 12 and the first switch 32.
  • the fourth switch K2 When the substation DC power supply system normally supplies the load 60, the fourth switch K2 is closed to ensure that the first rectification unit 11 and the second rectification unit The 12 power supply circuits of the load 60 are connected.
  • the fourth switch K2 may be a switch of an overcurrent protector type. When the current output by the second rectifying unit 12 is excessive, the fourth switch K2 is turned off.
  • the fifth switch K3 is further included, one end of the fifth switch K3 is connected to the cathode of the diode module 40, and the other end of the fifth switch K3 is used to connect the load 60.
  • a fifth switch K3 is connected in series between the cathode of the diode module 40 and the load 60.
  • the fifth switch K3 When the DC power supply system of the substation normally powers the load 60, the fifth switch K3 is closed.
  • the fifth switch K3 may be turned off to ensure the safety of power supply to the load 60.
  • the fifth switch K3 may be a switch of an overcurrent protector type or the like.
  • the storage battery 20 is a storage battery 20 of 48V or 110V or 220V voltage level; the first rectification unit 11 is a rectification unit of 48V or 110V or 220V voltage level; the second rectification unit 12 is 48V or 110V or 220V voltage Stage rectifier unit.
  • the substation DC power supply system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to any series of storage batteries 20, including but not limited to different types of batteries such as lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries, and nickel-metal hydride batteries, and the voltage of the rectifier module 10 and the storage battery 20 includes but It is not limited to rectifier modules 10 and batteries 20 of various voltage levels such as 48V, 110V, and 220V.
  • an embodiment of the present invention also provides a power storage control method applied to the DC power supply system of the above-mentioned substation, including:
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a power storage control method.
  • the current storage capacity of the storage battery 20 is detected by acquiring the electrical parameters of the storage battery 20.
  • the rectification module 10 is controlled to be a storage battery. 20 charges.
  • the electrical parameters of the storage battery 20 are continuously detected.
  • the rectifier module 10 may be disconnected.
  • the charging path to the battery 20 is detected by acquiring the electrical parameters of the storage battery 20.
  • the power storage control method further includes steps:
  • S180 Control the rectifier module 10 to charge the battery 20 at regular intervals.
  • the on / off of the first switch 32 can also be controlled by the control circuit 31 at regular time, so as to realize the regular charging of the battery 20.
  • the step of controlling the rectifier module 10 to charge the battery 20 includes:
  • the safe charging range of the battery 20 refers to a current range that does not cause a large current impact on the battery 20. Specifically, when the rectifier module 10 is charging the battery 20, in order to ensure the reliability of charging, the conduction frequency of the first switch 32 is controlled, so as to control the current flowing from the rectifier module 10 to the battery 20, and gradually increase the rectifier module 10 to the battery. And the charging current is controlled within the safe charging range of the battery 20.
  • the current value of the first switch 32 is set by the control circuit 31, and the rectifier module 10 outputs the current value when the battery 20 is charged during charging.
  • the control circuit 31 can immediately determine that the safe floating charge voltage of this group of batteries is 240V.
  • the average charging voltage is 254V, and the safe charging current is 50A (calculated at a 10-hour rate).
  • the control circuit 31 modifies the on-off state of the first switch 32 (that is, the on-frequency of the first switch 32), The output current of the second rectifying unit 12 is controlled within a safe current of 50A, and the battery 20 is charged with a constant current, and the impact of the high-current charging on the battery will not occur.
  • the control circuit 31 controls the first switch 32 to be completely turned on, and the second rectifying unit 12 performs constant voltage charging of the battery 20.
  • a power storage control device as shown in FIG. 6, includes:
  • the electrical parameter acquisition module is configured to acquire electrical parameters of the storage battery 20.
  • the power storage control module is configured to control the rectifier module 10 to charge the battery 20 when the electrical parameter of the battery 20 is lower than a first threshold.
  • the charge disconnection control module is configured to disconnect the charging path of the rectifier module 10 to the battery 20 when the electrical parameter of the battery 20 reaches a second threshold.
  • the electric parameter acquisition module obtains the electric parameters of the battery 20 and sends them to the electric storage control module and the charge disconnection control module.
  • the electric storage control module controls the rectifier module 10 to be the battery 20 Charging.
  • the charge disconnection control module disconnects the charging path of the rectifier module 10 to the battery 20 when the electrical parameter of the battery 20 reaches a second threshold.
  • Each module in the power storage control device may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, or a combination thereof.
  • the above-mentioned modules may be embedded in the hardware in or independent of the processor in the computer device, or may be stored in the memory of the computer device in the form of software, so that the processor can call and execute the operations corresponding to the above modules.
  • a computer device is provided.
  • the computer device may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the computer equipment includes a processor, a memory, a network interface, a display screen, and an input device connected through a system bus.
  • the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities.
  • the memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory.
  • the non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system and a computer program.
  • the internal memory provides an environment for running the operating system and computer programs in a non-volatile storage medium.
  • the network interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor to implement a DC power supply method for a substation.
  • the display screen of the computer device may be a liquid crystal display screen or an electronic ink display screen
  • the input device of the computer device may be a touch layer covered on the display screen, or a button, a trackball or a touchpad provided on the computer device casing , Or an external keyboard, trackpad, or mouse.
  • FIG. 7 is only a block diagram of a part of the structure related to the scheme of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer equipment to which the scheme of the present application is applied.
  • the specific computer equipment may be Include more or fewer parts than shown in the figure, or combine certain parts, or have a different arrangement of parts.
  • a computer device includes a memory and a processor.
  • the memory stores a computer program.
  • the processor executes the computer program, the following steps are implemented:
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program thereon.
  • the computer program is executed by a processor, the following steps are implemented:
  • Non-volatile memory may include read-only memory (ROM), programmable ROM (PROM), electrically programmable ROM (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory.
  • RAM is available in various forms, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), dual data rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous chain (Synchlink) DRAM (SLDRAM), memory bus (Rambus) direct RAM (RDRAM), direct memory bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及一种变电站直流供电系统，包括整流模块、蓄电池、充电控制模块和二极管模块，整流模块的输入端用于接外部交流电源，整流模块的第一输出端用于接负载，充电控制模块的一端接整流模块的第二输出端，另一端接蓄电池，且充电控制模块用于在蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块为蓄电池充电，蓄电池与二极管模块的阳极连接，二极管模块的阴极用于接负载。通过设置充电控制模块，在蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，才允许整流模块向蓄电池进行充电，避免蓄电池处于浮充状态，从而提高变电站直流供电系统寿命。

Description

变电站直流供电系统和蓄电控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及变电站技术领域，特别是涉及一种变电站直流供电系统和蓄电控制方法。
背景技术
变电站蓄电池多是由数个电池单体串联组成的，在串联使用而电池处于浮充状态时，由于各电池单体的不一致性，各单体电池的浮充电压也不一样，浮充电压的高低也会对电池的寿命存在相当大的影响。浮充电压过高时，电池内部板栅腐蚀加剧，内部电解液发生析氢副反应，造成电池内部气压偏高，排气阀打开，造成电池失水，进一步加剧电池劣化，是电池使用寿命大大缩短。而浮充电压过低时，由于VRLA蓄电池长期处于欠压状态，氧复合效率降低，负极还原不彻底，硫酸铅长时间累积形成不可逆晶体，负极板逐渐敦化，最终导致容量减少减短寿命。
发明人在实施过程中发现，变电站蓄电池的设计使用寿命在8-10年，然而往往实际使用5-6年的时间，就已经出现很大一部分的蓄电池容量下降至额定容量80％的情况，变电站蓄电池的使用寿命短。
发明内容
基于此，有必要针对变电站蓄电池寿命短的问题，提供一种变电站直流供电系统和蓄电控制方法。
一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种变电站直流供电系统，包括整流模块、蓄电池、充电控制模块和二极管模块；
整流模块的输入端用于接外部交流电源，整流模块的第一输出端用于接负载；
充电控制模块的一端接整流模块的第二输出端，另一端接蓄电池，且充电控制模块用于在蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块为蓄电池充电；
蓄电池与二极管模块的阳极连接，二极管模块的阴极用于接负载。
在其中一个实施例中，整流模块包括第一整流单元和第二整流单元；
第一整流单元的输入端用于接外部交流电源，第一整流单元的输出端用于接负载；
第二整流单元的输入端用于接外部交流电源，第二整流单元的输出端与充电控制模块的一端连接。
在其中一个实施例中，二极管模块包括两个或两个以上并联的二极管；
各二极管的阳极均与蓄电池连接，各二极管的阴极均用于与负载电连接。
在其中一个实施例中，充电控制模块包括控制电路和第一开关；
第一开关串接在第二整流单元和蓄电池之间；
控制电路的输入端与蓄电池连接，且用于当蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制第一开关的通断状态。
在其中一个实施例中，变电站直流供电系统还包括第二开关，第二开关串接在蓄电池和负载之间。
在其中一个实施例中，控制电路的输入端还分别与第一整流单元输出端和第二整流单元输出端连接，控制电路的输入端还与二极管模块的阴极连接；
控制电路用于在第二整流单元异常或二极管模块异常时，控制第二开关闭合。
在其中一个实施例中，变电站直流供电系统还包括第三开关，第三开关的一端与第一整流单元的输出端连接，第三开关的另一端用于连接负载。
在其中一个实施例中，变电站直流供电系统还包括第四开关，第四开关的一端与第二整流单元的输出端连接，第四开关的另一端与第一开关的一端连接。
另一方面，本发明实施例还提供了一种应用于上述变电站直流供电系统的蓄电控制方法，包括：
获取蓄电池的电参数；
当蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块为蓄电池充电；
当蓄电池的电参数达到第二阈值时，断开整流模块向蓄电池的充电通路。
在其中一个实施例中，当蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块 为蓄电池充电的步骤包括：
当蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制第一开关的导通频率，逐步增加整流模块向蓄电池的充电电流，且使得充电电流在蓄电池的安全充电范围内。
本发明提供的一个或多个实施例至少具有以下有益效果：本发明实施例提供的一种变电站直流供电系统，整流模块的输入端用于接外部交流电源，整流模块的第一输出端用于接负载，充电控制模块的一端接整流模块的第二输出端，另一端接蓄电池的输入端，蓄电池的输出端与二极管模块的阳极连接，二极管模块的阴极用于接负载。通过整流模块分别为负载和蓄电池供电，且在蓄电池和负载供电回路上正向串接有二极管模块，保证整流模块正常工作时，由整流模块为负载供电，整流模块异常时，蓄电池的电位高于整流模块与负载连接处的电位，二极管模块工作，蓄电池为负载充电，且通过设置充电控制模块，在蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，才允许整流模块向蓄电池进行充电，避免蓄电池处于浮充状态，从而提高变电站直流供电系统寿命。
附图说明
图1为一个实施例中变电站直流供电系统的结构示意图；
图2为另一个实施例中变电站直流供电系统的结构示意图；
图3为再一个实施例中变电站直流供电系统的结构示意图；
图4为一个实施例中蓄电控制方法的流程示意图；
图5为另一个实施例中蓄电控制方法的流程示意图；
图6为一个实施例中蓄电控制装置的结构框图；
图7为一个实施例中计算机设备的内部结构图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的首选实施例。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件并与之结合为一体，或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“安装”、“一端”、“另一端”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本发明实施例提供了一种变电站直流供电系统，如图1所示，包括整流模块10、蓄电池20、充电控制模块30和二极管模块40，整流模块10的输入端用于接外部交流电源50，整流模块10的第一输出端用于接负载60，充电控制模块30的一端接整流模块10的第二输出端，另一端接蓄电池20，且充电控制模块30用于在蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池20充电，蓄电池20与二极管模块40的阳极连接，二极管模块40的阴极用于接负载60。
其中，第一阈值是指预设的一个交底的参考电压值。当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，认为当前蓄电池20的存电量处于较低水平，可能无法满足负载60的供电要求。二极管模块40是指可以包括一个二极管，也可以包括两个以上并联的二极管，各二极管的阴极电连接，各二极管之间的阳极电连接。
具体的，在外部交流电源50正常供电，且直流供电系统正常运行时，整流模块10的输出电压略高于蓄电池20的输出电压，此时整流模块10通过直流母线给负载60供电。当外部交流电源50切断后，例如市电停止供电后，即整流模块10无输出时，蓄电池20的电压高于整流模块10的输出电压，连接在蓄电池20和负载60之间的二极管模块40即刻导通，蓄电池20通过二极管模块40无缝为负载60供电。且充电控制模块30通过检测蓄电池20的电压是否低于第一阈值，控制整流模块10对蓄电池20的充电，以避免蓄电池20长期处于浮充状态，提高了蓄电池20的寿命，从而实现直流供电系统寿命的提高。而且本发明实施例提供的变电站直流供电系统中的整流模块10及蓄电池20均能对直流负载60进行独立供电，且供电回路可以自动无缝切换，提高直流系统的可靠性。
在其中一个实施例中，如图2和图3所示，整流模块10包括第一整流单元11和第二整流单元12，第一整流单元11的输入端用于接外部交流电源50，第一整流单元11的输出端用于接负载60，第二整流单元12的输入端用于接外部交流电源50，第二整流单元12的输出端与充电控制模块30的一端连接。
在直流系统正常运行过程中，第一整流单元11的输出电压略高于蓄电池20的输出电压，此时第一整流单元11通过直流母线给负载60供电。当市电停止，第一整流单元11和第二整流单元12均无输出时，蓄电池20的电压高于整流模块10输出电压，连接在蓄电池20和负载60之间的二极管模块40即刻导通，蓄电池20通过二极管模块40无缝为负载60供电。例如可以是当第一整流单元11异常无输出且充电控制模块30断开第二整流单元12与二极管(蓄电池20)的之间的通路时，二极管模块40瞬间导通，此时休眠的蓄电池20通过二极管模块40无缝为直流负载60供电。当第一整流单元11异常无输出，充电控制模块30接通第二整流单元12与二极管模块40(蓄电池20)的之间的通路时，第二整流单元12的输出电压高于第一整流单元11的输出电压以及蓄电池20的输出电压，二极管模块40瞬间导通，此时第二整流单元12依次通过充电控制模块30和二极管模块40给直流负载60供电。
在其中一个实施例中，如图2和图3所示，二极管模块40包括两个或两个以上并联的二极管，各二极管的阳极均与蓄电池20连接，各二极管的阴极均用于与负载60电连接。
为保证变电站直流供电系统的可靠性，二极管模块40包括两个或两个以上并联的二极管，采用冗余N+1设计，确保任何二极管失效时，都不影响对直流负载60的供电。例如，如图2所示，当二极管D1开路时，二极管D2、D3等还能继续工作，不影响蓄电池对负载60的不间断供电。
在其中一个实施例中，如图2和图3所示，充电控制模块30包括控制电路31和第一开关32，第一开关32串接在第二整流单元12和蓄电池20之间，控制电路31的输入端与蓄电池20连接，且用于当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制第一开关32的通断状态。
在直流系统正常运行过程中，第一整流单元11的输出电压略高于蓄电池20 的输出电压，此时第一整流单元11通过直流母线给负载60供电。当市电停止，第一整流单元11和第二整流单元12均无输出时，蓄电池20的电压高于整流模块10输出电压，连接在蓄电池20和负载60之间的二极管模块40即刻导通，蓄电池20通过二极管模块40无缝为负载60供电。例如可以是当第一整流单元11异常无输出且控制电路31控制第一开关32不导通时，二极管模块40瞬间导通，此时休眠的蓄电池20通过二极管模块40无缝为直流负载60供电。当第一整流单元11异常无输出，控制电路31控制MOSFET完全导通时，第二整流单元12的输出电压高于第一整流单元11的输出电压以及蓄电池20的输出电压，二极管模块40瞬间导通，此时第二整流单元12依次通过第一开关32和二极管模块40给直流负载60供电。控制电路31在监测到蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，则控制第一开关32的导通状态，使得第二整流单元12为蓄电池20充电。
在其中一个实施例中，如图3所示，变电站直流供电系统还包括第二开关K4，第二开关K4串接在蓄电池20和负载60之间。
为了提高变电站直流供电系统的供电可靠性，在蓄电池20和负载60之间串接第二开关K4。当二极管模块40发生断路时，第二开关K4可以立即闭合，把变电站直流供电系统恢复到传统直流系统的状态，仍能保证蓄电池20不间断的为负载60供电。
在其中一个实施例中，如图3，控制电路31的输入端还分别与第二整流单元12输出端和二极管模块40的阴极连接，控制电路31用于在第二整流单元12异常或二极管模块40异常时，控制第二开关K4闭合。
为了防止第二整流单元12或者二极管模块40异常时，蓄电池20无法为负载60供电，不能保证供电质量和可靠性。控制电路31检测第二整流单元12输出端输出的电流/电压参数，同时控制电路31检测二极管模块40阴极流出的电流参数或二极管模块40阴极电位参数，控制电路31根据获取的电参数，判断第二整流单元12和二极管模块40是否发生异常，若第二整流单元12或二极管模块40发生异常时，为保证蓄电池20可以对负载60进行不间断供电，控制电路31控制第二开关K4闭合，提供蓄电池20到负载60的连接通路。
在其中一个实施例中，变电站直流供电系统还包括第三开关K1，第三开关K1的一端与第一整流单元11的输出端连接，第三开关K1的另一端用于连接负载60。
在其中一个实施例中，变电站直流供电系统还包括第四开关K2，第四开关K2的一端与第二整流单元12的输出端连接，第四开关K2的另一端与第一开关32的一端连接。
在第二整流单元12和第一开关32之间串接有第四开关K2，当变电站直流供电系统正常为负载60供电时，第四开关K2闭合，保证第一整流单元11和第二整流单元12对负载60的供电回路连通。可选的，第四开关K2可以是过流保护器类型的开关，当第二整流单元12输出的电流过大时，第四开关K2断开。
在其中一个实施例中，还包括第五开关K3，第五开关K3的一端与二极管模块40的阴极连接，第五开关K3的另一端用于连接负载60。
为了进一步保证变电站直流供电系统的可靠性，在二极管模块40的阴极与负载60之间串接有第五开关K3。变电站直流供电系统正常为负载60供电时，第五开关K3闭合。当蓄电池20或第二整流单元12对负载60的供电电流过大时，可以断开第五开关K3，以保证对负载60供电的安全性。可选的，第五开关K3可以是过流保护器类型的开关等。
在其中一个实施例中，蓄电池20为48V或110V或220V电压级的蓄电池20；第一整流单元11为48V或110V或220V电压级的整流单元；第二整流单元12为48V或110V或220V电压级的整流单元。
本发明实施例提供的变电站直流供电系统，适用于任何串联应用的蓄电池20，包括但并不限于铅酸电池、锂电池、镍氢电池等不同种类电池，且整流模块10和蓄电池20电压包括但并不限于48V、110V、220V等多种电压等级的整流模块10和蓄电池20。
另一方面，如图4所示，本发明实施例还提供了一种应用于上述变电站直流供电系统的蓄电控制方法，包括：
S120：获取蓄电池20的电参数。
S140：当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池 20充电。
S160：当蓄电池20的电参数达到第二阈值时，断开整流模块10向蓄电池20的充电通路。
变电站直流供电系统中，对于蓄电池的维护直接影响整个系统的使用寿命和可靠性。而蓄电池核容放电是变电站进行蓄电池20维护作业的重点，蓄电池20放电结束后，需要对蓄电池进行充电，保证蓄电池随时以满电的状态供电。本发明实施例提供了一种蓄电控制方法，通过获取蓄电池20的电参数来检测蓄电池20当前的储电量，当检测到蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池20充电。在对蓄电池20充电过程中，不断检测蓄电池20的电参数，当蓄电池20的电参数达到第二阈值时，此时认为该蓄电池已将近充满，处于饱和状态，此时，可以断开整流模块10向蓄电池20的充电通路。
在其中一个实施例中，蓄电控制方法还包括步骤：
S180：定时控制所述整流模块10为所述蓄电池20充电。
还可以通过控制电路31定时控制第一开关32的导通和断开，实现定时为蓄电池20充电。
在其中一个实施例中，如图5所示，当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池20充电的步骤包括：
S141：当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制第一开关32的导通频率，逐步增加整流模块10向蓄电池20的充电电流，且使得充电电流在蓄电池20的安全充电范围内。
其中，蓄电池20的安全充电范围内是指不会对蓄电池20造成大电流冲击的电流范围。具体的，整流模块10为蓄电池20充电时，为了保证充电的充电的可靠性，控制第一开关32的导通频率，从而控制整流模块10流向蓄电池20的电流大小，逐步增加整流模块10向蓄电池的充电电流，且控制充电电流再蓄电池20的安全充电范围内。
在一个具体实施例中，启动充电前，通过控制电路31设定第一开关32的电流值，充电时整流模块10输出该电流值为蓄电池20充电。以一组108个单体标称电压为2V，标称容量为500AH的蓄电池20为例，通过向控制电路31 输入这些信息，控制电路31立刻可以判定本组蓄电池的安全浮充电压为240V，均充电压为254V，安全充电电流为50A(10小时率计算)，蓄电池20放电结束后，控制电路31通过调制第一开关32的通断状态(即第一开关32的导通频率)，将第二整流单元12的输出电流控制在50A的安全电流以内，为蓄电池20进行恒流充电，不会发生大电流充电对蓄电池的冲击。当电池组的输出电压达到均充电压254V时，控制电路31控制第一开关32完全导通，第二整流单元12对蓄电池20进行恒压充电。
一种蓄电控制装置，如图6所示，包括：
电参数获取模块，用于获取蓄电池20的电参数。
蓄电控制模块，用于当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池20充电。
充电断开控制模块，用于当蓄电池20的电参数达到第二阈值时，断开整流模块10向蓄电池20的充电通路。
具体的，电参数获取模块获取蓄电池20的电参数并发给蓄电控制模块和充电断开控制模块，蓄电控制模块在蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池20充电。充电断开控制模块在蓄电池20的电参数达到第二阈值时，断开整流模块10向蓄电池20的充电通路。
其中，关于蓄电控制装置的具体限定可以参见上文中对于蓄电控制方法的限定，在此不再赘述。上述蓄电控制装置中的各个模块可全部或部分通过软件、硬件及其组合来实现。上述各模块可以硬件形式内嵌于或独立于计算机设备中的处理器中，也可以以软件形式存储于计算机设备中的存储器中，以便于处理器调用执行以上各个模块对应的操作。
在一个实施例中，提供了一种计算机设备，该计算机设备可以是终端，其内部结构图可以如图7所示。该计算机设备包括通过系统总线连接的处理器、存储器、网络接口、显示屏和输入装置。其中，该计算机设备的处理器用于提供计算和控制能力。该计算机设备的存储器包括非易失性存储介质、内存储器。该非易失性存储介质存储有操作系统和计算机程序。该内存储器为非易失性存储介质中的操作系统和计算机程序的运行提供环境。该计算机设备的网络接口 用于与外部的终端通过网络连接通信。该计算机程序被处理器执行时以实现一种变电站直流供电方法。该计算机设备的显示屏可以是液晶显示屏或者电子墨水显示屏，该计算机设备的输入装置可以是显示屏上覆盖的触摸层，也可以是计算机设备外壳上设置的按键、轨迹球或触控板，还可以是外接的键盘、触控板或鼠标等。
本领域技术人员可以理解，图7中示出的结构，仅仅是与本申请方案相关的部分结构的框图，并不构成对本申请方案所应用于其上的计算机设备的限定，具体的计算机设备可以包括比图中所示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者具有不同的部件布置。
一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，存储器存储有计算机程序，处理器执行计算机程序时实现以下步骤：
S120：获取蓄电池20的电参数；
S140：当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池20充电；
S160：当蓄电池20的电参数达到第二阈值时，断开整流模块10向蓄电池20的充电通路。
一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现以下步骤：
S120：获取蓄电池20的电参数；
S140：当蓄电池20的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制整流模块10为蓄电池20充电；
S160：当蓄电池20的电参数达到第二阈值时，断开整流模块10向蓄电池20的充电通路。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的计算机程序可存储于一非易失性计算机可读取存储介质中，该计算机程序在执行时，可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。其中，本申请所提供的各实施例中所使用的对存储器、存储、数据库或其它介质的任何引用，均可包括非易失性和/或易失性存储器。 非易失性存储器可包括只读存储器(ROM)、可编程ROM(PROM)、电可编程ROM(EPROM)、电可擦除可编程ROM(EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可包括随机存取存储器(RAM)或者外部高速缓冲存储器。作为说明而非局限，RAM以多种形式可得，诸如静态RAM(SRAM)、动态RAM(DRAM)、同步DRAM(SDRAM)、双数据率SDRAM(DDRSDRAM)、增强型SDRAM(ESDRAM)、同步链路(Synchlink)DRAM(SLDRAM)、存储器总线(Rambus)直接RAM(RDRAM)、直接存储器总线动态RAM(DRDRAM)、以及存储器总线动态RAM(RDRAM)等。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，包括整流模块、蓄电池、充电控制模块和二极管模块；
    所述整流模块的输入端用于接外部交流电源，所述整流模块的第一输出端用于接负载；
    所述充电控制模块的一端接所述整流模块的第二输出端，另一端接所述蓄电池，且所述充电控制模块用于在所述蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制所述整流模块为所述蓄电池充电；
    所述蓄电池与所述二极管模块的阳极连接，所述二极管模块的阴极用于接所述负载。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，所述整流模块包括第一整流单元和第二整流单元；
    所述第一整流单元的输入端用于接外部交流电源，所述第一整流单元的输出端用于接所述负载；
    所述第二整流单元的输入端用于接所述外部交流电源，所述第二整流单元的输出端与所述充电控制模块的一端连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，所述二极管模块包括两个或两个以上并联的二极管；
    各所述二极管的阳极均与所述蓄电池连接，各所述二极管的阴极均用于与所述负载电连接。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，所述充电控制模块包括控制电路和第一开关；
    所述第一开关串接在所述第二整流单元和所述蓄电池之间；
    所述控制电路的输入端与所述蓄电池连接，且用于当所述蓄电池的电参数低于所述第一阈值时，控制所述第一开关的通断状态。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，还包括第二 开关，所述第二开关串接在所述蓄电池和所述负载之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，所述控制电路的输入端还分别与所述第一整流单元输出端和所述第二整流单元输出端连接，所述控制电路的输入端还与所述二极管模块的阴极连接；
    所述控制电路用于在所述第二整流单元异常或所述二极管模块异常时，控制所述第二开关闭合。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，还包括第三开关，所述第三开关的一端与所述第一整流单元的输出端连接，所述第三开关的另一端用于连接所述负载。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的变电站直流供电系统，其特征在于，还包括第四开关，所述第四开关的一端与所述第二整流单元的输出端连接，所述第四开关的另一端与所述第一开关的一端连接。
  9. 一种应用于权利要求1-8中任一项所述的变电站直流供电系统的蓄电控制方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取所述蓄电池的电参数；
    当所述蓄电池的电参数低于所述第一阈值时，控制所述整流模块为所述蓄电池充电；
    当所述蓄电池的电参数达到第二阈值时，断开所述整流模块向所述蓄电池的充电通路。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的蓄电控制方法，其特征在于，所述当所述蓄电池的电参数低于所述第一阈值时，控制所述整流模块为所述蓄电池充电的步骤包括：
    当所述蓄电池的电参数低于第一阈值时，控制第一开关的导通频率，逐步增加所述整流模块向所述蓄电池的充电电流，且使得所述充电电流在所述蓄电池的安全充电范围内。
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