WO2020017629A1 - Htlv-1関連脊髄症(ham)治療又は予防剤、及びhamの治療方法 - Google Patents
Htlv-1関連脊髄症(ham)治療又は予防剤、及びhamの治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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- C07K16/28—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants
- C07K16/2863—Immunoglobulins [IG], e.g. monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies against material from animals or humans against receptors, cell surface antigens or cell surface determinants against receptors for growth factors, growth regulators
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- C07K2317/76—Antagonist effect on antigen, e.g. neutralization or inhibition of binding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an agent for treating or preventing HTLV-1-related myelopathy (HAM).
- HAM HTLV-1-related myelopathy
- the invention also relates to a method for treating HAM.
- HTLV-1 Human T-cell Lukemia Virus Type 1
- T cells infected with HTLV-1 form chronic inflammation in the spinal cord, resulting in damage and degeneration of spinal nerve cells and spastic spinal palsy.
- Spastic spinal palsy caused by cells infected with HTLV-1 is called HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (also abbreviated as HAM).
- HAM HTLV-1-associated myelopathy
- Symptoms of HAM include symptoms such as paralysis of both feet, pain, dysuria, and stubborn constipation due to nervous tissue disorders. As these symptoms progress, people become wheelchair-bound and bedridden.
- HAM is one of the diseases designated as intractable disease in Japan.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Non-Patent Document 5
- RGMa protein is a member of the RGM (Repulsive guidance molecule) family of proteins involved in axon guidance of nerve cells of the retina and hippocampus, closure of neural tubes, and the like.
- the function of the RGM is not limited to these, and it is known that the RGM has various functions.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that RGM is expressed in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs), an RGM receptor is expressed on CD4 + T cells and CD11b + macrophages, and RGM is expressed on the RGM receptor. It is disclosed that binding enhances the cell adhesion activity of CD4 + T cells and CD11b + macrophages.
- Patent Document 1 discloses that anti-RGM neutralizing antibodies can reduce both clinical symptoms and tissue lesions of multiple sclerosis model mice, and that spleen cells obtained from the mice are antigen-specific and non-specific. It is disclosed that effective T cell activation was attenuated.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 disclose neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against RGMa that selectively inhibit the binding of RGMa to RGMa receptor neogenin and bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 4 (BMP-2, BMP-4). ing.
- BMP-2, BMP-4 bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 4
- the neutralizing monoclonal antibody the injured and inflamed human central nervous system, specifically, multiple sclerosis, acute spinal cord injury, after brain trauma, Huntington's chorea, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, etc.
- neurodegenerative diseases it is possible to promote nerve regeneration and regrowth of disrupted neuronal connections.
- Patent Document 4 discloses that RGMa is localized to central nervous system myelin, fresh foci and mature scar tissue of humans suffering from traumatic brain injury or ischemic stroke, and to diagnose these neurodegenerative diseases. For the purpose, a method for detecting and quantifying RGMa fragments has been disclosed.
- Patent Document 4 discloses, as neurodegenerative diseases and disorders for which RGMa fragments are detected, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Tay-Sachs disease, Niemann-Pick disease, Gaucher disease, Hurler's syndrome, Huntington's disease Disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disease, vitamin B12 deficiency, central pontine myelinolysis, spinal fistula, transverse myelitis, Devic disease, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, optic neuritis , Spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, stroke, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, leukodystrophies.
- Non-patent Document 1 and Patent Document 5 According to the method using the anti-CCR4 antibody disclosed in Non-patent Document 1 and Patent Document 5, the symptoms of HAM can be improved, but the effect of the anti-CCR4 antibody is limited in HAM patients with advanced nerve destruction. It is. Therefore, there is a need for better methods that can treat HAM.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to provide a therapeutic agent and a therapeutic method capable of treating HAM.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, have found that a substance that inhibits RGMa is effective for treating HAM, and have completed the present invention.
- the present invention is as follows.
- An agent for treating or preventing HTLV-1-related myelopathy comprising an RGMa inhibitor.
- a method of treating HAM comprising administering to a HTLV-1-associated myelopathy (HAM) patient in need thereof a pharmacologically effective amount of an RGMa inhibitor.
- the method for treating HAM according to [3], wherein the RGMa inhibitor is an antibody that recognizes RGMa.
- HAM which is an intractable disease can be treated.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing, among CD4-positive T cells, CADM1, which is an indicator of HTLV-1-infected cells, and groups P, D, and N classified by CD7.
- Normal T cells (Normal.CD4), CD4 + T cells from HAM patients (HAM.CD4), CD4 + / CADM1 negative / CD7 + T cells (Normal.P) from healthy individuals, HTLV-1 infected CD4 + / CADM1 Negative / CD7 positive T cells (P group), HTLV-1 infected CD4 positive / CADM1 positive / CD7 positive T cells (D group), HTLV-1 infected CD4 positive / CADM1 positive / CD7 negative T cells (N group) , CD4 + / CADM1-positive / CD7-negative T cells (Acute.N), CD4 + T cells (Normal.CD4.1) in healthy ATL patients, PBMC (Smoldering) from smoldering ATL patients, Chronic ATL patients FIG.
- FIG. 2 shows the expression levels of the RGMa gene in PBMC (Chronic) and PBMC (Acute) derived from acute ATL patients. It is a figure which shows the expression level of RGMa in CD4 positive T cells of HAM patients and CD4 positive T cells of healthy persons.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing the results of analyzing the expression level of RGMa between cell types in PBMC of a HAM patient.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in RGMa expression associated with the expression of HTLV-1 virus in culture of HAM patient PBMC.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the level of H3K27me3 near -2,916 bp upstream from the transcription start point of the RGMa gene.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the level of RGMa gene mRNA when a lentiviral vector into which cDNA encoding HTLV-1 Tax is inserted into a human CD4-positive T-cell leukemia cell line Jurkat.
- FIG. 9 shows the results of analyzing protein expression of Tax and RGMa in the HTLV-1-tax expression-inducing cell line JPX-9.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the results of the effect of the RGMa antibody on spontaneous growth activity with respect to the effect of the RGMa antibody on PBMC of HAM patients.
- FIG. 9 is a view showing the results of the effect of the RGMa antibody on changes in the amount of HTLV-1 provirus in relation to the effect of the RGMa antibody on PBMCs of HAM patients.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing the results of the action of the RGMa antibody on CXCL10 production with respect to the action of the RGMa antibody on PBMC of a HAM patient.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing the results of the effect of an RGMa antibody on cytokine production of PBMC of a HAM patient with respect to the effect of an RGMa antibody on PBMC of a HAM patient.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing that HAM-PBMC caused apoptosis induction of a neuronal cell line.
- FIG. 9 shows the results of the inhibitory effect of RGMa antibody on apoptosis induction of neuronal cell lines by HTLV-1-tax-induced cell lines.
- (a) is a FACS plot when NB-1 cells and JPX-9 cells (unstimulated) were co-cultured.
- (b) is a FACS plot when NB-1 cells and CdCl 2 -stimulated JPX-9 cells (HTLV-1-tax expressing cells) were co-cultured.
- (c) is a FACS plot when a control antibody is added to the condition of (b).
- (d) is a FACS plot when an anti-RGMa antibody was added to the conditions of (b).
- the present invention is an agent for treating or preventing HTLV-1-related myelopathy (HAM), which comprises an RGMa inhibitor.
- the RGMa inhibitor may be a substance that acts on RGMa itself to inhibit the activity of RGMa or a substance that suppresses the expression of RGMa.
- Examples of the RGMa inhibitor include a compound having an activity of inhibiting RGMa, an antibody that recognizes RGMa, and the like.
- RGMa inhibitor examples include substances that suppress the expression of RGMa, such as siRNA (short interfering RNA), shRNA (short hairpin RNA), and antisense oligonucleotide of the gene that expresses RGMa.
- examples of the RGMa gene include, but are not limited to, a human RGMa gene having the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 and an RGMa gene having the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2.
- Information on the nucleotide sequences of RGMa genes derived from various organisms can be obtained from databases such as GenBank.
- siRNA is a double-stranded RNA that can suppress the expression of the target RGMa gene.
- the length (base length) of the base sequence in the siRNA is not particularly limited, but is preferably less than about 30 bases, more preferably about 19 to 27 bases, and still more preferably about 21 to 25 bases.
- shRNA has a double-stranded structure in the molecule by partially containing a palindromic base sequence in the single-stranded RNA, and is composed of a short hairpin structure having a short hairpin structure having an overhang at the 3 ′ end. Refers to molecules of base pairs or more. After being introduced into a cell, the shRNA is decomposed into a length of about 20 bases in the cell, and can suppress the expression of the target RGMa gene, similarly to the siRNA.
- SiRNA and shRNA can be artificially chemically synthesized.
- antisense and sense RNA can be synthesized in vitro from template DNA using T7 RNA polymerase and T7 promoter.
- the antisense oligonucleotide may be any nucleotide that is complementary to or hybridizes with a continuous base sequence of less than about 30 bases in the DNA sequence of the RGMa gene, and may be either DNA or RNA. Further, it may be modified as long as the function is not hindered.
- the antisense oligonucleotide can be synthesized by a conventional method, and can be easily synthesized by, for example, a commercially available DNA synthesizer.
- an antibody that recognizes RGMa is preferable.
- an antibody that recognizes RGMa is also referred to as an RGMa antibody.
- the RGMa antibody of the present invention may be any antibody that binds to RGMa and inhibits its activity, such as an antibody that binds to RGMa to prevent RGMa from binding to the RGMa receptor.
- the RGMa antibody in the present invention may be a monoclonal antibody or a polyclonal antibody. Further, the antibody in the present invention may be of any isotype of IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE.
- the RGMa antibody in the present invention may be, for example, a mouse antibody, a human CDR-grafted antibody, a human chimeric antibody, a humanized antibody, a fully human antibody, or a low-molecular antibody. These antibodies may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a human CDR-grafted antibody is an antibody obtained by replacing the CDR of an antibody of a non-human animal with the CDR of a human antibody.
- a human chimeric antibody is an antibody comprising a variable region derived from an antibody of a non-human animal and a constant region derived from a human antibody.
- humanized antibody refers to an antibody of a non-human animal, in which a part derived from a human antibody is incorporated, leaving a part of a highly safe region, a human chimeric antibody, and a humanized antibody. The concept includes CDR-grafted antibodies.
- small antibody refers to an antibody fragment or an antibody fragment obtained by binding any molecule to an antibody fragment and recognizing the same epitope as the original antibody.
- Fab consisting of VL, VH, CL and CH1 regions; F (ab ') 2 in which two Fabs are connected by a disulfide bond at a hinge region; Fv consisting of VL and VH; SdFv, Diabody, and sc (Fv) 2, in addition to scFv, which is a single-chain antibody linked by the above polypeptide linker, but is not limited thereto.
- the RGMa antibody used in the present invention can be prepared by a known method using RGMa or a fragment thereof as an immunogen. The fact that the obtained antibody is an RGMa antibody can be confirmed using RGMa activity as an index.
- RGMa include human RGMa containing the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3, RGMa containing the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, and the like. RGMa from various organisms can be used as the immunogen.
- the amino acid sequence of RGMa can be obtained from a known database such as Protein Data Bank.
- the RGMa antibody used in the present invention is a polyclonal antibody, it can be prepared, for example, as follows. First, RGMa or a fragment thereof is dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline (also referred to as PBS) as an antigen, and a normal adjuvant, for example, Freund's complete adjuvant mixed with an appropriate amount thereof as necessary is used as an immunogen. Immunize mammals such as rats, rabbits, goats and horses.
- the immunization method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of injecting one time or two or more times at an appropriate interval, subcutaneously or intraperitoneally.
- blood can be collected from the immunized animal, the serum can be separated, and the polyclonal antibody fraction can be obtained by purification.
- the RGMa antibody used in the present invention is a monoclonal antibody
- the monoclonal antibody is obtained by fusing immunocytes obtained from the immunized mammal, for example, spleen cells and myeloma cells to obtain a hybridoma, and culturing the hybridoma. It can be obtained by collecting the antibody from the product.
- the above-mentioned monoclonal antibody can also be obtained by cloning an antibody gene from a hybridoma, incorporating the gene into an appropriate vector, introducing this into a host cell, and producing a recombinant monoclonal antibody using a gene recombination technique. Further, the above-mentioned monoclonal antibody can also be prepared using a phage display method.
- RGMa antibody used in the present invention examples include, for example, Yamashita, T., Mueller, BK & Hata, K. Neogenin and repulsive guidance molecule signaling in the central nervous system.Curr.Opin.Neurobiol. 17, 29-34 (2007 JP-A-2014-138599; JP-A-2016-175897; JP-T-2017-526930; WO 2016/175236; JP-T-2015-508061; Can be.
- the RGMa antibody used in the present invention can be obtained as a commercial product, for example, from Immune Biological Laboratories (IBL) or R & D Systems.
- RGMa antibody as an antigen-binding domain, GTTPDY (SEQ ID NO: 7); FQATHDPLT (SEQ ID NO: 10); ARRNEYYGSSFFDY (SEQ ID NO: 13); LQGYIPPRT (SEQ ID NO: 16); and a modified CDR amino acid sequence having at least 50% sequence identity to one of the sequences; Preferably, it comprises at least one CDR comprising an amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of: The above sequence identity is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- amino acids may be represented by a conventional one-letter code or three-letter code.
- the complementarity-determining region refers to a region that forms an antigen-binding site in the variable region of an immunoglobulin molecule, and is also called a hypervariable region, and refers to a portion in which the amino acid sequence changes greatly for each immunoglobulin molecule. .
- There are three CDRs in each of the light and heavy chains (CDR-L1, CDR-L2, CDR-L3, and CDR-H1, CDR-H2, CDR-H3).
- the CDRs of the immunoglobulin molecule are determined according to the Kabat numbering system (Kabat et al., 1987, Sequences of Proteins of Immunological Interest, US Department of Health and Human Services, NIH, USA).
- the amino acid sequence of the CDR is invariable from the predetermined sequence, and other than the CDR may be changed by mutation or the like.
- the homology is preferably 90% or more.
- the RGMa antibody is an amino acid selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 5, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14, 15, and a modified CDR amino acid sequence having at least 50% sequence identity to one of the sequences. Preferably, it further comprises at least one CDR comprising the sequence.
- the above sequence identity is preferably 80% or more, more preferably 90% or more.
- the RGMa antibody comprises a set of variable domain CDRs as shown in Table 1, or a modified CDR amino acid sequence wherein at least one of the three CDRs has at least 50%, preferably 80%, more preferably 90% sequence identity with the parent sequence. More preferably, it comprises at least three CDRs selected from the set of variable domains. Further, the RGMa antibody further preferably includes at least two variable domain CDR sets shown in Table 1. Further, the at least two variable domain CDR sets are preferably a combination of a VH5F9 set and a VL5F9 set, or a combination of a VH8D1 set and a VL8D1 set.
- the RGMa antibody may include a framework region.
- the amino acid sequences contained in the framework regions include SEQ ID NOs: 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40. No. These amino acid sequences may be used alone or in a combination of two or more.
- the RGMa antibody has at least one heavy chain variable domain selected from SEQ ID NOs: 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 and 49 as a heavy chain variable domain and a light chain variable domain; and / or Or it preferably comprises at least one light chain variable domain selected from SEQ ID NOs: 50, 51 and 52.
- the RGMa antibody the binding site when binding to RGMa is a site that causes RGMa inhibition is not particularly limited, for example, in terms of human RGMa, EEVVNAVEDWDSQG (SEQ ID NO: 53) NQQIDFQAFHTNAE (SEQ ID NO: 54) PTAPETFPYET (SEQ ID NO: 55) KLPVEDLYYQA (SEQ ID NO: 56) LYERTRDLPGRAAAGL (SEQ ID NO: 57) It preferably binds to one or more peptides having the amino acid sequence represented by More preferably, the RGMa antibody binds to a peptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 53 and / or SEQ ID NO: 54, and a peptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 53 and / or SEQ ID NO: 54; More preferably, it binds to a peptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 55 and / or SEQ ID NO:
- the RGMa antibody is preferably an antibody that binds to the amino acid sequence of human RGMa at the 250th position or later. More preferably, the RGMa antibody binds to a peptide having the amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 53 and SEQ ID NO: 54, and SEQ ID NO: 55 or SEQ ID NO: 56.
- RGMa antibodies are polyclonal antibodies and monoclonal antibodies obtained by immunizing a mammal such as a mouse with the RGMa protein or a partial fragment thereof (eg, a fragment containing one or more of SEQ ID NOS: 53 to 57) as an antigen; Chimeric antibodies and humanized antibodies produced using genetic recombination techniques, human antibodies produced using human antibody-producing transgenic animals, and the like may be used.
- a humanized antibody or a human antibody is desirable from the viewpoint of side effects.
- the RGMa antibody may be used as a partial fragment of a polyclonal antibody and / or a monoclonal antibody that recognizes an RGMa protein or a partial fragment thereof (eg, a fragment containing one or more of SEQ ID NOS: 53 to 57) as an antigen. It may be.
- the complementarity determining region 1 of the light chain (LCDR1), the complementarity determining region 2 of the light chain (LCDR2), the complementarity determining region 3 of the light chain (LCDR3) The respective amino acid sequences of heavy chain complementarity determining region 1 (HCDR1), heavy chain complementarity determining region 2 (HCDR2) and heavy chain complementarity determining region 3 (HCDR3)
- LCDR1 RASQDISSYLN (SEQ ID NO: 58)
- LCDR2 YTSRLHS (SEQ ID NO: 59)
- LCDR1 RSSQSLVHSNGNTYLH (SEQ ID NO: 64) LCDR
- RGMa antibody examples include an antibody having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 73 in the light chain and the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 74 in the heavy chain.
- amino acid sequence represented by these SEQ ID NOs there may be substitution, deletion, addition or insertion of one or several amino acids (1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 5). Such substitutions, deletions and additions may be introduced into CDRs, but are preferably introduced into regions other than CDRs.
- a mouse / human chimeric antibody having a human-derived constant region may be used.
- the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 77 (variable region: 1 to 107) is used for the light chain
- the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 78 is used for the heavy chain.
- An antibody having an amino acid sequence (the variable region is from 1 to 116) is exemplified.
- substitution, deletion, addition or insertion of one or several amino acids (1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 5).
- substitutions, deletions and additions may be introduced into CDRs, but are preferably introduced into regions other than CDRs.
- a humanized antibody derived from a human other than CDR may be used.
- the heavy chain has any of the amino acid sequences of SEQ ID NOs: 70 to 87 (the variable region is up to 116 residues on the N-terminal side), and the light chain is SEQ ID NOs: 88 to 94 (the variable region is the N-terminal Antibodies having any of the amino acid sequences (from 1 to 107 residues on the side) are exemplified.
- the amino acid sequence represented by these SEQ ID NOs may have substitution, deletion, addition or insertion of one or several amino acids (1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 5). Such substitutions, deletions and additions may be introduced into CDRs, but are preferably introduced into regions other than CDRs.
- the heavy chain amino acid sequence and the light chain amino acid sequence may be in any combination of these, but are preferably antibodies having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 84 in the heavy chain and the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 88 in the light chain.
- the amino acid sequence corresponding to the heavy chain variable region is represented by SEQ ID NO: 95
- the amino acid sequence corresponding to the light chain variable region is represented by SEQ ID NO: 96.
- the RGMa antibody has a heavy chain variable region (VH) EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLRLSCTASGFTFSDAWMDWVRQAPGKGLEWVAEIRSKANNHATYYAESVKGRFTISRDDSKSIVYLQMNSLRTEDTALYYCTRRDGAYWGKGTTVTVSS (SEQ ID NO: 95) Or comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 90% identity to said amino acid sequence, Light chain variable region (VL) DIQMTQSPSSVSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISSYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFASYFCQQLNTLPWTFGGGTKVEME (SEQ ID NO: 96) Alternatively, an isolated RGMa antibody, or an antigen-binding fragment thereof, comprising an amino acid sequence having at least 90% identity to the amino acid sequence is preferred.
- VH heavy chain variable region
- RGMa antibody examples include an antibody having the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 75 in the light chain and the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 76 in the heavy chain.
- amino acid sequence represented by these SEQ ID NOs there may be substitution, deletion, addition or insertion of one or several amino acids (1 to 20, 1 to 10, or 1 to 5).
- substitutions, deletions and additions may be introduced into CDRs, but are preferably introduced into regions other than CDRs.
- a mouse / human chimeric antibody having a constant region derived from human may be used, and a humanized antibody derived from a human other than CDR may be used.
- the anti-RGMa antibody may be an isolated RGMa antibody selected from the following (a1) to (h1), or an antigen-binding fragment thereof.
- A1 a light chain variable region including LCDR1 containing the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97, LCDR2 containing the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 98 and LCDR3 containing the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 99, and SEQ ID NO: 100
- HCDR1 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101
- HCDR2 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 101 and an anti-RGMa antibody comprising a heavy chain variable region comprising HCDR3 comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 102, or an antigen-binding fragment thereof
- B1 a light chain variable region including LCDR1 including the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 97, LCDR2 including the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 98, and LCDR3 including the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 103
- the MaRGMa antibody is an antibody having the above-mentioned amino acid sequence, is preferably a humanized antibody, and preferably has a human IgG constant region.
- HAM can be treated or prevented by the RGMa inhibitor of the present invention.
- cells derived from HAM patients cause neuronal cell death, that is, induction of spinal cord tissue damage and degeneration.
- RGMa is remarkably expressed in CD4-positive T cells, which are the main HTLV-1-infected cells of HAM patients. Expression was found to be involved.
- RGMa was involved in the production of CXCL10, IL-2, and IL-10.
- CXCL10 is a protein produced from HAM-pathogenic HTLV-1-infected T cells in response to IFN- ⁇ , and is known to induce the pathology of HAM (Brain 2013). It is known that there is a strong correlation with the speed of progress (PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013).
- RGMa antibody was allowed to act on cells of HAM patients, the production of CXCL10 was suppressed.
- IL-10 is one of cytokines and works to suppress inflammation. When RGMa antibody was applied to cells of HAM patients, IL-10 production was significantly increased. In order for HAM to have a true therapeutic effect, it is necessary to suppress nerve cell damage.
- HTLV-1-tax The expression level of HTLV-1-tax is high in HTLV-1-infected cells of HAM patients (Blood 2002), indicating that HTLV-1-tax is important for pathogenesis (J Clin Invest 2014).
- HTLV-1-tax induces RGMa expression
- HAM patient-derived cells with high RGMa expression levels induce neuronal cell death.Importantly, HTLV-1-tax expressing cells
- RGMa inhibitor suppresses neuronal cell death by RGMa.
- RGMa inhibitors not only suppress HAM-specific inflammatory responses, but also suppress neuronal death by HTLV-1-tax-expressing cells, which are pathogenic cells of HAM patients, thus treating or preventing HAM. can do.
- RGMa inhibitors can treat or prevent HAM
- the invention relates to RGMa inhibitors for use in treating HAM; pharmaceutical compositions for use in treating HAM; Use of an RGMa inhibitor in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of HAM; use of an RGMa inhibitor for use in the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of HAM; an effective amount of an RGMa inhibitor in a subject in need thereof Or a method for treating or preventing HAM, comprising administering to a subject.
- the therapeutic or prophylactic agent for HAM of the present invention may contain an RGMa inhibitor, and may be formulated by appropriately mixing a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and / or additive.
- Formulation forms include, for example, oral preparations such as tablets, coated tablets, pills, powders, granules, capsules, solutions, suspensions, and emulsions; injections, infusions, suppositories, ointments, patches and the like. Parenteral preparations; The mixing ratio of the carrier or the additive may be appropriately set based on the range usually adopted in the pharmaceutical field.
- the carrier is not particularly restricted but includes, for example, water, physiological saline, other aqueous solvents, and aqueous or oily bases.
- the additives are not particularly limited, but include excipients, binders, pH adjusters, disintegrants, absorption enhancers, lubricants, coloring agents, flavoring agents, flavors, and the like.
- the RGMa inhibitor of the present invention is an antibody that recognizes RGMa
- the antibody is administered as a parenteral administration route, for example, intravenously, intramuscularly, as an injection or infusion formulated with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. It is preferably administered intradermally, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously or topically.
- the injection or infusion containing the RGMa antibody can be used as a solution, suspension or emulsion.
- the solvent include distilled water for injection, physiological saline, glucose solution, and isotonic solution (for example, a solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, glycerin, mannitol, sorbitol, boric acid, borax, propylene glycol, and the like). Etc. can be used. These solvents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the injection or infusion may contain additives such as a stabilizer, a solubilizer, a suspending agent, an emulsifier, a soothing agent, a buffer, a preservative, a preservative, and a pH adjuster.
- a stabilizer for example, albumin, globulin, gelatin, mannitol, glucose, dextran, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium EDTA, sodium citrate, dibutylhydroxytoluene and the like are used.
- a stabilizer for example, albumin, globulin, gelatin, mannitol, glucose, dextran, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, sodium EDTA, sodium citrate, dibutylhydroxytoluene and the like are used. Can be.
- solubilizers include alcohols (eg, ethanol, etc.), polyalcohols (eg, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, etc.), nonionic surfactants (eg, Polysorbate 80 (registered trademark), HCO-50, etc.) Etc.
- alcohols eg, ethanol, etc.
- polyalcohols eg, propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, etc.
- nonionic surfactants eg, Polysorbate 80 (registered trademark), HCO-50, etc.
- Etc. can be used.
- the suspending agent for example, glyceryl monostearate, aluminum monostearate, methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose, sodium lauryl sulfate and the like can be used.
- emulsifier for example, gum arabic, sodium alginate, tragacanth and the like can be used.
- the soothing agent for example, benzyl alcohol, chlorobutanol, sorbitol and the like can be used.
- the buffer for example, a phosphate buffer, an acetate buffer, a borate buffer, a carbonate buffer, a citrate buffer, a Tris buffer, and the like can be used.
- the preservative for example, methyl paraoxybenzoate, ethyl paraoxybenzoate, propyl paraoxybenzoate, butyl paraoxybenzoate, chlorobutanol, benzyl alcohol, benzalkonium chloride, sodium dehydroacetate, sodium edetate, boric acid, borate Sand or the like can be used.
- preservative for example, benzalkonium chloride, paraoxybenzoic acid, chlorobutanol and the like can be used.
- pH adjuster for example, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, phosphoric acid, acetic acid and the like can be used.
- the RGMa inhibitor of the present invention is a substance that suppresses the expression of RGMa such as siRNA (short interfering RNA), shRNA (short hairpin RNA), and antisense oligonucleotide of a gene that expresses RGMa, a non-viral vector or It can be administered in the form of a viral vector.
- siRNA short interfering RNA
- shRNA short hairpin RNA
- antisense oligonucleotide of a gene that expresses RGMa a non-viral vector or It can be administered in the form of a viral vector.
- the method of administration is to introduce nucleic acid molecules using liposomes (liposome method, HVJ-liposome method, cationic liposome method, lipofection method, lipofectamine method, etc.)
- liposome method liposome method, HVJ-liposome method, cationic liposome method, lipofection method, lipofectamine method, etc.
- a microinjection method a method of transferring a nucleic acid molecule into a cell together with a carrier (metal particles) by a gene gun (Gene Gun), and the like.
- a viral vector such as a recombinant adenovirus or retrovirus can be used.
- Detoxified retrovirus adenovirus, adeno-associated virus, herpes virus, vaccinia virus, pox virus, polio virus, Sindbis virus, Sendai virus, DNA virus such as SV40 or RNA virus, DNA expressing siRNA or shRNA
- the gene can be introduced into a cell or tissue by introducing the recombinant virus into the cell or tissue.
- the preparation thus obtained can be administered to humans and other mammals such as rats, mice, rabbits, sheep, pigs, cows, cats, dogs, and monkeys by administering an effective amount thereof to, for example, humans.
- HAM can be prevented or treated.
- the dose is appropriately set in consideration of the purpose, the severity of the disease, the patient's age, weight, sex, medical history, type of active ingredient, and the like.
- Example 1 HAM and adult T-cell leukemia / lymphoma (ALT; adult T-cell leukemia / lymphoma) onset mechanism and comprehensive comparative analysis for elucidation of the disease state]
- ALT adult T-cell leukemia / lymphoma
- CADM1 which is an indicator of HTLV-1-infected cells
- mRNA expression analysis was performed.
- HAM was also analyzed from CD4 positive cells and CD4 negative cells enriched with magnetic beads from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HAM patients in four cases.
- HTLV-1 non-infected healthy subjects Normal were similarly separated.
- PBMC Peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- ATL suppressing, chronic, acute disease types
- PBMC mainly composed of CD4 positive cells was used.
- a one-color microarray gene expression analysis method manufactured by Agilent Technologies, Inc. was performed.
- the RGMa gene level was graphed.
- the Log 2 value of the fluorescence intensity of the array was plotted.
- the HAM patient-derived CD4-positive T cell group was significantly different from all other groups (P ⁇ 0.05). The graph is shown in FIG.
- CD4 positive T cells were separated from PBMCs isolated from peripheral blood of five HAM patients using a human CD4 + isolation kit (Miltenyi Biotec) to obtain a cell population containing a large number of HTLV-1 infected cells.
- CD4-positive T cells were separated from PBMCs of four healthy subjects and used as a control group.
- Total RNA was recovered from the separated CD4-positive T cells, and cDNA was prepared using ReverTra Ace (Toyobo).
- ReverTra Ace Toyobo
- the difference in the expression level of RGMa between CD4 + T cells in HAM patients and CD4 + T cells in healthy subjects was analyzed by Real time PCR. 18srRNA was used for internal control.
- FIG. 3 shows a graph of the result of the analysis.
- HD-CD4 + in the graph refers to the control group
- HAM-CD4 + refers to the group of HAM patients.
- Example 3 Analysis of RGMa-expressing cells in PBMC
- Fc block treatment of HAM patient PBMC using Clear Back (MBL) add anti-CD3-PECy7 (TONBO), CD4-FITC (eBioscience), CD14-PE (eBioscience) antibodies and stain at 4 ° C for 30 minutes. went.
- FACS sorting was performed using AriaIIIu (BD), and CD3-positive CD4-negative cells (CD3 + CD4-), CD3-positive CD4-positive cells (CD3 + CD4 +), CD3-negative CD14-negative cells ( CD3-CD14-) and CD3-negative CD14-positive cells (CD3-CD14 +) were separated and collected.
- FIG. 4 shows a graph of the result of the analysis. In HAM-PBMC, it was found that RGMa expression was highest in CD3-positive CD4-positive cells (CD3 + CD4 +) where many infected cells were present.
- Example 4 RGMa expression change associated with culture of HAM patient PBMC
- the PBMCs of two HAM patients were suspended in a medium (RPMI1640 medium (wako) containing 10% FBS (GIBCO)) and seeded at 1e5 cells per 96-well round bottom plate for 10 wells and cultured for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days .
- Total RNA was extracted from PBMC cultured for each period together with PBMC on Day 0 in which no culture was performed, and cDNA was prepared using ReverTra Ace (Toyobo).
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of the analysis.
- Example 5 Analysis of H3K27me3 level on all promoters
- the H3K27me3 levels near -2,916 bp upstream from the transcription start point of the RGMa gene were graphed. The graph is shown in FIG. In the graph, the Log 2 value of the fluorescence intensity of the array was plotted.
- HAM50 and HAM123 in the figure each indicate a HAM patient who obtained CD4 positive T cells. It was suggested that RGMa gene expression suppression was released in HAM patient-derived CD4-positive T cells.
- Example 6 Quantification of RGMa gene mRNA level
- a human CD4-positive T-cell leukemia cell line, Jurkat was transfected with a lentiviral vector into which cDNA encoding HTLV-1 Tax was inserted, and quantitative RT-PCR was performed for three consecutive days after the transfection. Was measured.
- RPL19 gene mRNA was also measured and used as an internal standard.
- a graph showing the results of the quantification is shown in FIG. It was suggested that HTLV-1 virus caused RGMa expression.
- Example 7 Tax-dependent RGMa expression induction in HTLV-1-tax expression-inducing cell line JPX-9 cells
- JPX9 cells were cultured in a medium (RPMI1640 medium containing 10% FBS) for 24 hours, and cadmium chloride (CdCl2; Nacalai Tesque) for inducing HTLV-1-tax expression was added to a final concentration of 20 ⁇ M. Culture was performed for 2 and 3 days. JACS cells treated with and without cadmium chloride were subjected to FACS analysis for protein expression of Tax and RGMa.
- the cadmium chloride-treated and untreated JPX9 cells were each washed, and subjected to cell permeation treatment using a Foxp3 / Transcription Factor Staining Buffer Kit (eBioscience). Thereafter, an anti-Tax-FITC antibody (Lt-4: provided by Dr. Tanaka, University of the Ryukyus) was added, and the cells were treated at 4 ° C. for 1 hour, thereby staining Tax proteins expressed in the cells. The stained Tax protein was detected by FACS analysis using CantoII.
- JPX9 cells treated with cadmium chloride and untreated were each washed, and an anti-RGMa antibody (manufactured by Immune Biological Laboratories (IBL)) was added and treated at 4 ° C. for 30 minutes. Thereafter, the cells were washed, an anti-mouse IgG-PE antibody (BioLegend) was added, and the mixture was reacted at 4 ° C. for 30 minutes to stain RGMa protein expressed in JPX9. The stained RGMa protein was detected by FACS analysis using CantoII.
- FIG. 8 shows the results of analysis of the protein expression of Tax and RGMa.
- Example 8 Examination of action of RGMa antibody on PBMC of HAM patient] (Effect of RGMa antibody on spontaneous growth activity)
- a medium RPMI1640 medium containing 10% FBS
- RGMa antibody R & D Systems
- the cultured cells were adsorbed to a glass filter (Printed Filtermat A PerkinElmer) using a cell harvester (Tomtec MH3 PerkinElmer), dried, and then impregnated with a solid scintillator Meltilex-A (PerkinElmer), followed by MicroBeta (WALLAC MicroBeta TriLux 1450).
- -021 was used to measure the amount of 3 H-Thymidine incorporated into the cells. Average counts of 3 H-Thymidine in Medium group of each HAM patient PBMC as 100%, calculates the relative value of each group, the average value was obtained for 3 H-Thymidine incorporation rate of HAM four patients.
- FIG. 9 shows the results.
- HAM patient PBMCs were suspended in a medium (RPMI1640 medium containing 10% FBS), seeded on a 96-well round bottom plate at 1e5 cells each, and added with RGMa antibody (R & D Systems) to a final concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml.
- the cells were cultured in 0.1 ml of a culture solution at 37 ° C. under 5% CO 2 for 7 days.
- HAM-PBMC induces apoptosis of nerve cell line
- the neuronal cell line NB-1 or SK-N-AS was seeded on a 6-well plate and cultured for 24 hours. Then, a healthy person (HD) or a PBMC of a HAM patient was added and co-cultured. 48 hours after the start of the co-culture, the PBMC added together with the medium was removed, and after washing with PBS, the nerve cell line was recovered.
- Each of the recovered neural cell lines was analyzed by the TUNEL method (MEBSTAIN Apoptosis TUNEL Kit Direct (MBL)) for specifically detecting cells that have undergone DNA fragmentation due to apoptosis.
- FIG. 13 shows the analysis result.
- the X-axis in the histogram indicates the intensity of positive DNA fragmentation.
- HAM-derived cells more strongly induced apoptosis in neuronal cell lines than HD-derived cells. Specifically, cell death was analyzed according to the following ⁇ Experimental procedure>.
- ⁇ Experimental procedure> Each of the neuronal cell lines NB-1 and SK-N-AS was seeded on a 6-well plate and cultured for 24 hours. Next, HD or HAM-PBMC was added (double the number of seeded neuronal cell lines) and cultured for 48 hours. Thereafter, cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, and subjected to cell permeation treatment with 70% ethanol.
- MEBSTAIN Apoptosis TUNEL Kit Direct MBL
- Example 10 Inhibitory effect of RGMa antibody on apoptosis of neuronal cell line induced by T cell line expressing HTLV-1 Tax
- JPX9 (-) unstimulated JPX9
- JPX9 (+ CdCl2) JPX9 (+ CdCl2
- Normal mouse IgG2b (MBL) or RGMa antibody (IBL) was added to the final concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml in the co-culture of NB-1 cells and (JPX9 (+ CdCl 2 ). 48 hours after the start of the co-culture. The JPX9 added together with the medium was removed, and the nerve cell lines were collected after washing with PBS.For each of the collected nerve cell lines, a TUNEL method (MEBSTAIN Apoptosis) for specifically detecting cells that had undergone DNA fragmentation due to apoptosis was performed. The analysis was performed using TUNEL Kit Direct (MBL), and the analysis results are shown in Fig. 14. The X-axis in the histogram indicates the intensity of positive DNA fragmentation.
- ⁇ Experimental procedure> The nerve cell line (NB-1) was seeded on a 6-well plate and cultured for 24 hours. Next, JPX9 ( ⁇ ) or JPX9 (+ CdCl 2 ) was added to NB-1 cells and co-cultured. The number of JPX9 ( ⁇ ) or JPX9 (+ CdCl 2 ) cells was twice the number of seeded NB-1 cells. JPX9 (+ CdCl 2 ) was washed three times with 10 ml of medium to remove cadmium chloride and added to NB-1 cells.
- NB-1 cells and (JPX9 (+ CdCl 2 ) were co-cultured with Normal Mouse IgG2b (MBL) or anti-RGMa antibody (IBL) to a final concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml, and cultured for 48 hours. Thereafter, the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, subjected to cell permeation treatment with 70% ethanol, and stained with an anti-CD45-V450 antibody.
- MEBSTAIN Apoptosis TUNEL Kit Direct MBL
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Abstract
Description
HTLV-1に感染したT細胞は、脊髄に慢性の炎症を形成し、その結果、脊髄神経細胞の障害及び変性を引き起こし、痙性脊髄麻痺を惹起する。HTLV-1に感染した細胞が原因となって引き起こされる痙性脊髄麻痺は、HTLV-1関連脊髄症(HAMとも略記する。)と呼ばれる。
HAMの症状としては、神経の組織障害による、両足の麻痺、痛み、排尿障害、頑固な便秘等の症状等が挙げられる。これらの症状が進行すると、車いす生活、寝たきり生活になる。HAMは日本国の指定難病に指定される疾患の一つである。現在、有効なHAMの治療方法は確立されておらず、専ら対症療法がおこなわれている。
治療方法の一つとして、抗CCR4抗体を用いる治療方法が、HTLV-1感染細胞を減少させ、HAMの脊髄炎症を軽減し、症状改善効果を奏することが証明されている(非特許文献1、特許文献5)。
[1]
RGMa阻害物質を含む、HTLV-1関連脊髄症(HAM)の治療又は予防剤。
[2]
前記RGMa阻害物質が、RGMaを認識する抗体である、[1]に記載のHAMの治療又は予防剤。
[3]
それを必要とするHTLV-1関連脊髄症(HAM)患者に薬理学的に有効量のRGMa阻害物質を投与することを含む、HAMの治療方法。
[4]
前記RGMa阻害物質が、RGMaを認識する抗体である、[3]に記載のHAMの治療方法。
RGMa阻害物質としては、例えば、RGMaを阻害する活性を有する化合物、及びRGMaを認識する抗体等が挙げられる。
RGMa遺伝子としては、例えば配列番号1に示される塩基配列からなるヒトRGMa遺伝子、配列番号2に示される塩基配列からなるRGMa遺伝子等が挙げられるが、これに限定されるものではない。種々の生物由来のRGMa遺伝子の塩基配列の情報は、GenBank等のデータベースから取得することができる。
shRNAは、一本鎖RNA中に部分的に回文状の塩基配列を含むことにより、分子内に二本鎖構造を有し、3’末端に突出部を有する短いヘアピン構造からからなる約20塩基対以上の分子を指す。shRNAは、細胞内に導入された後、細胞内で約20塩基の長さに分解され、siRNAと同様に標的であるRGMa遺伝子の発現を抑制することができる。
本発明におけるRGMa抗体は、例えば、マウス抗体、ヒト型CDR移植抗体、ヒト型キメラ抗体、ヒト化抗体、又は完全ヒト抗体であってもよく、低分子抗体であってもよい。これらの抗体は、1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
得られた抗体がRGMa抗体であることは、RGMa活性を指標とし確認することができる。
RGMaとしては、例えば配列番号3に示されるアミノ酸配列を含むヒトRGMa、配列番号4に示されるアミノ酸配列を含むRGMa等が挙げられる。種々の生物由来のRGMaを免疫原として用いることができる。RGMaのアミノ酸配列は公知のデータベースであるProtein Data Bank等から取得することができる。
本発明において用いられるRGMa抗体がモノクローナル抗体であるとき、当該モノクローナル抗体は、上記免疫された哺乳動物から得た免疫細胞、例えば脾細胞とミエローマ細胞とを融合させてハイブリドーマを得、当該ハイブリドーマの培養物から抗体を採取することによって得ることができる。また、上記モノクローナル抗体は、抗体遺伝子をハイブリドーマからクローニングし、適当なベクターに組み込んで、これを宿主細胞に導入し、遺伝子組換え技術を用いて組換え型のモノクローナル抗体を産生させることもできる。さらに、上記モノクローナル抗体は、ファージディスプレイ法を用いて作製することもできる。
また、本発明において用いられるRGMa抗体としては、例えば、株式会社免疫生物研究所(IBL)製、R&D Systems社製等の市販品として入手することもできる。
GTTPDY(配列番号7);
FQATHDPLT(配列番号10);
ARRNEYYGSSFFDY(配列番号13);
LQGYIPPRT(配列番号16);及び
該配列の1つと少なくとも50%の配列同一性を有する修飾CDRアミノ酸配列;
からなる群から選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む少なくとも1つのCDRを含むことが好ましい。上記の配列同一性は、好ましくは80%以上であり、より好ましくは90%以上である。なお、本明細書においてアミノ酸は慣用的な一文字表記又は三文字表記で示されることがある。
また、本発明における、軽鎖及び重鎖のアミノ酸配列で規定される抗体においては、CDRのアミノ酸配列が所定の配列から不変であり、CDR以外が変異等によって変化していてもよい。CDR以外に変異等があるとき、相同性は90%以上であることが好ましい。
また、RGMa抗体は、重鎖可変ドメイン及び軽鎖可変ドメインとして、配列番号41、42、43、44、45、46、47、48及び49から選択される少なくとも1つの重鎖可変ドメイン;及び/又は配列番号50、51及び52から選択される少なくとも1つの軽鎖可変ドメインを含むことが好ましい。
EEVVNAVEDWDSQG(配列番号53)
NQQIDFQAFHTNAE(配列番号54)
PTAPETFPYET(配列番号55)
KLPVEDLYYQA(配列番号56)
LYERTRDLPGRAAAGL(配列番号57)
で表されるアミノ酸配列を有する一つ以上のペプチドに結合することが好ましい。
RGMa抗体は、配列番号53及び/又は配列番号54で表されるアミノ酸配列を有するペプチドに結合することがより好ましく、配列番号53及び/又は配列番号54で表されるアミノ酸配列を有するペプチドと、配列番号55及び/又は配列番号56で表されるアミノ酸配列を有するペプチドに結合することがより好ましい。
RGMa抗体は、ヒトRGMaのアミノ酸配列における250番目以降に結合する抗体であることが好ましい。
RGMa抗体は、配列番号53と配列番号54、かつ配列番号55又は配列番号56で表されるアミノ酸配列を有するペプチドに結合することがより好ましい。
本発明において、RGMa抗体は、医薬としてヒトに投与する場合、副作用の観点から、ヒト化抗体またはヒト抗体が望ましい。
RGMa抗体は、RGMaタンパク質またはその部分断片(例えば、配列番号53~57の一つ以上を含む断片)を抗原として認識するポリクローナル抗体及び/又はモノクローナル抗体の部分断片として用いてもよく、低分子抗体であってもよい。
LCDR1:RASQDISSYLN(配列番号58)
LCDR2:YTSRLHS(配列番号59)
LCDR3:QQLNTLP(配列番号60)
HCDR1:DAWMD(配列番号61)
HCDR2:EIRSKANNHATYYAESVKG(配列番号62)及び
HCDR3:RDGAY(配列番号63)を含む、
又は、
LCDR1:RSSQSLVHSNGNTYLH(配列番号64)
LCDR2:KVSNRFS(配列番号65)
LCDR3:SQSTHVP(配列番号66)
HCDR1:TSYYWN(配列番号67)
HCDR2:YISYDGTNNYNPSLKN(配列番号68)及び
HCDR3:SFGを含む、
単離されたRGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片であってもよい。
各CDR配列においては、1又は数個のアミノ酸が置換、欠失、及び/または付加されていてもよく、例えば、1個又は2個のアミノ酸が置換、欠失、及び/または付加されていてもよい。
EVQLVESGGGLVQPGRSLRLSCTASGFTFSDAWMDWVRQAPGKGLEWVAEIRSKANNHATYYAESVKGRFTISRDDSKSIVYLQMNSLRTEDTALYYCTRRDGAYWGKGTTVTVSS(配列番号95)
又は該アミノ酸配列に少なくとも90%の同一性のあるアミノ酸配列を含み、
軽鎖可変領域(VL)が
DIQMTQSPSSVSASVGDRVTITCRASQDISSYLNWYQQKPGKAPKLLIYYTSRLHSGVPSRFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQPEDFASYFCQQLNTLPWTFGGGTKVEME(配列番号96)
又は該アミノ酸配列に少なくとも90%の同一性のあるアミノ酸配列を含む、単離されたRGMa抗体、又はその抗原結合断片が好ましい。
定常領域をヒト由来としたマウス/ヒトキメラ抗体であってもよく、CDR以外をヒト由来としたヒト化抗体であってもよい。
(a1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号99に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、
(b1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号103に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、
(c1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号104に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、
(d1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号105に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、
(e1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号106に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、
(f1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号107に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、
(g1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号108に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片、及び
(h1)配列番号97に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR1、配列番号98に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR2及び配列番号109に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むLCDR3を含む軽鎖可変領域、並びに配列番号100に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR1、配列番号101に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR2及び配列番号102に記載のアミノ酸配列を含むHCDR3を含む重鎖可変領域を含む抗RGMa抗体、またはその抗原結合断片。
後述の実施例及び図13に示されるように、HAM患者ではHAM患者由来細胞によって神経細胞死、すなわち脊髄組織の損傷及び変性の誘導が起こっている。
本発明者らが検討した結果、後述する実施例に示したように、HAM患者の主なHTLV-1感染細胞であるCD4陽性T細胞においてRGMaが顕著に発現しており、HAMにはRGMaの発現が関与することがわかった。また、RGMa抗体を用いてRGMaの阻害を行う試験の結果、RGMaがCXCL10、IL-2、及びIL-10の産生に関与することがわかった。
CXCL10は、IFN-γに応答してHAM病原性のHTLV-1感染T細胞から産生されるタンパク質であり、HAMの病態を誘導することが知られており(Brain 2013)、またHAMの症状の進行速度とも強く相関することが知られている(PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2013)。HAM患者の細胞にRGMa抗体を作用させると、このCXCL10の産生が抑えられた。また、IL-10はサイトカインの一つであり、炎症を抑制するようにはたらく。HAM患者の細胞にRGMa抗体を作用させると、IL-10の産生が顕著に増加した。
HAMに真の治療効果をもたらすためには、神経細胞の傷害を抑えることが求められる。HAM患者のHTLV-1感染細胞ではHTLV-1-taxの発現レベルが高く(Blood 2002)、HTLV-1-taxが病態形成に重要であることが示されている(J Clin Invest 2014)。本発明では、HTLV-1-taxがRGMaの発現を誘導し、RGMa発現レベルが高いHAM患者由来細胞が神経細胞死を誘導することが示され、重要なことに、HTLV-1-tax発現細胞による神経細胞死をRGMa阻害物質が抑制することが示された。
以上のように、RGMa阻害物質は、HAMの炎症病態の誘導を抑え、また、HAM患者細胞による炎症反応を抑制することができるため、HAMを治療又は予防することができる。さらにRGMa阻害物質はHAM特有の炎症反応を抑制するのみでなく、HAM患者の病原的な細胞であるHTLV-1-tax発現細胞による神経細胞死を抑制することができるため、HAMを治療又は予防することができる。
製剤化の形態としては、例えば、錠剤、被覆錠剤、丸剤、散剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、液剤、懸濁剤、乳剤等の経口剤;注射剤、輸液、坐剤、軟膏、パッチ剤等の非経口剤;が挙げられる。
担体又は添加剤の配合割合については、医薬品分野において通常採用されている範囲に基づいて適宜設定すればよい。
上記担体としては、特に制限されないが、例えば、水、生理食塩水、その他の水性溶媒、及び、水性又は油性基剤等が挙げられる。上記添加剤としては、特に制限されないが、賦形剤、結合剤、pH調整剤、崩壊剤、吸収促進剤、滑沢剤、着色剤、矯味剤、及び香料等が挙げられる。
RGMa抗体を含む注射剤又は輸液は、溶液、懸濁液又は乳濁液として用いることができる。その溶剤としては、例えば、注射用蒸留水、生理食塩水、ブドウ糖溶液、及び等張液(例えば、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、グリセリン、マンニトール、ソルビトール、ホウ酸、ホウ砂、プロピレングリコール等の溶液)等を用いることができる。これらの溶剤は1種単独で用いてもよく、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
安定剤としては、例えば、アルブミン、グロブリン、ゼラチン、マンニトール、グルコース、デキストラン、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、アスコルビン酸、亜硫酸水素ナトリウム、チオ硫酸ナトリウム、EDTAナトリウム、クエン酸ナトリウム、ジブチルヒドロキシトルエン等を用いることができる。
溶解補助剤としては、例えば、アルコール(例えば、エタノール等)、ポリアルコール(例えば、プロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール等)、非イオン性界面活性剤(例えば、ポリソルベート80(登録商標)、HCO-50等)等を用いることができる。
懸濁化剤としては、例えば、モノステアリン酸グリセリン、モノステアリン酸アルミニウム、メチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、ヒドロキシメチルセルロース、ラウリル硫酸ナトリウム等を用いることができる。
乳化剤としては、例えば、アラビアゴム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、トラガント等を用いることができる。
無痛化剤としては、例えば、ベンジルアルコール、クロロブタノール、ソルビトール等を用いることができる。
緩衝剤としては、例えば、リン酸緩衝液、酢酸緩衝液、ホウ酸緩衝液、炭酸緩衝液、クエン酸緩衝液、トリス緩衝液、等を用いることができる。
保存剤としては、例えば、パラオキシ安息香酸メチル、パラオキシ安息香酸エチル、パラオキシ安息香酸プロピル、パラオキシ安息香酸ブチル、クロロブタノール、ベンジルアルコール、塩化ベンザルコニウム、デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム、エデト酸ナトリウム、ホウ酸、ホウ砂等を用いることができる。
防腐剤としては、例えば、塩化ベンザルコニウム、パラオキシ安息香酸、クロロブタノール等を用いることができる。
pH調整剤としては、例えば、塩酸、水酸化ナトリウム、リン酸、酢酸等を用いることができる。
RGMa阻害物質が非ウイルスベクター形態のとき、投与の方法としては、リポソームを用いて核酸分子を導入する方法(リポソーム法、HVJ-リポソーム法、カチオニックリポソーム法、リポフェクション法、リポフェクトアミン法等)、マイクロインジェクション法、遺伝子銃(Gene Gun)でキャリア(金属粒子)とともに核酸分子を細胞に移入する方法等を上げることができる。
siRNA又はshRNAを、ウイルスベクターを用いて生体に投与する場合、組換えアデノウイルス、レトロウイルス等のウイルスベクターを利用することができる。無毒化したレトロウイルス、アデノウイルス、アデノ随伴ウイルス、ヘルペスウイルス、ワクシニアウイルス、ポックスウイルス、ポリオウイルス、シンドビスウイルス、センダイウイルス、SV40等のDNAウイルス又はRNAウイルスに、siRNAまたはshRNAを発現するDNAを導入し、細胞又は組織にこの組換えウイルスを感染させることにより、細胞又は組織内に遺伝子を導入することができる。
投与量は、目的、疾患の重篤度、患者の年齢、体重、性別、既往歴、有効成分の種類などを考慮して、適宜設定される。
図1に示すように、HTLV-1感染未発症者の検体については、CD4陽性細胞のうち、HTLV-1感染細胞の指標であるCADM1と、CD7により分類された群P、D、Nについて、mRNAの発現解析を行った。
またHAMは、HAM患者末梢血単核細胞から、磁気ビーズで濃縮したCD4陽性細胞とCD4陰性細胞も4例ずつ解析した。HTLV-1非感染健常者(Normal)についても同様に分離した。末梢血単核細胞は、PBMCとも記載する。ATL(smodering, chronic, acuteの各病型)は、主にCD4陽性細胞からなるPBMCを用いた。
アジレントテクノロジー株式会社製の一色マイクロアレイ遺伝子発現解析法を行った。
正常T細胞 4例(Normal.CD4)、HAM患者由来CD4陽性T細胞 4例(HAM.CD4)、健常人由来CD4陽性/CADM1陰性/CD7陽性T細胞 3例(Normal.P)、HTLV-1感染者CD4陽性/CADM1陰性/CD7陽性T細胞5例 (P群)、HTLV-1感染者CD4陽性/CADM1陽性/CD7陽性T細胞 5例(D群)、HTLV-1感染者CD4陽性/CADM1陽性/CD7陰性T細胞5例(N群)、急性型ATL患者CD4陽性/CADM1陽性/CD7陰性T細胞 3例(Acute.N)、健常人CD4陽性T細胞 21例(Normal.CD4.1)、くすぶり型ATL患者由来PBMC 3例(Smoldering)、慢性型ATL患者由来PBMC 20例(Chronic)、急性型ATL患者由来PBMC 26例(Acute)について、アジレントテクノロジー株式会社のHuman Gene Expression 4x44K Microarrayを用いて全遺伝子発現データを取得し、中央値で標準化したのち、RGMa遺伝子レベルをグラフ化した。
グラフではアレイの蛍光強度のLog2値をプロットした。HAM患者由来CD4陽性T細胞群は、その他の全ての群と有意差をもって上昇していた(P < 0.05)。グラフを図2に示す。
HAM患者5名の末梢血から分離したPBMCよりhuman CD4+ isolation kit(Miltenyi Biotec)を用いてCD4陽性T細胞を分離し、HTLV-1感染細胞が多数含まれる細胞集団とした。同様に健常者4名のPBMCからCD4陽性T細胞を分離し、コントロール群とした。
分離したCD4陽性T細胞から全RNAを回収し、ReverTra Ace(東洋紡)を用いてcDNAを作製した。作製されたcDNAを用いてHAM患者CD4陽性T細胞と健常者CD4陽性T細胞との間におけるRGMaの発現量の差をReal time PCRにより解析した。インターナルコントロールには18srRNAを用いた。
解析の結果のグラフを図3に示す。グラフにおけるHD-CD4+は、コントロール群を指し、HAM-CD4+は、HAM患者の群を指す。
HAM患者PBMCにClear Back(MBL)を用いてFc block処理した後、抗CD3-PECy7(TONBO), CD4-FITC(eBioscience), CD14-PE(eBioscience)抗体を加えて4℃で30分間染色を行った。
抗体染色されたPBMCを洗浄した後にAriaIIIu(BD)を用いてFACSソーティングを行い、CD3陽性CD4陰性細胞(CD3+CD4-)、CD3陽性CD4陽性細胞(CD3+CD4+)、CD3陰性CD14陰性細胞(CD3-CD14-)およびCD3陰性CD14陽性細胞(CD3-CD14+)の分離回収を行った。
回収された各細胞から全RNAを回収し、ReverTra Ace(東洋紡)を用いてcDNAを作製した。作製されたcDNAを用いて細胞種間におけるRGMaの発現量の差をReal time PCRにより解析した。インターナルコントロールには18s rRNAを用いた。解析の結果のグラフを図4に示す。
HAM-PBMCでは、感染細胞が多く存在するCD3陽性CD4陽性細胞(CD3+CD4+)においてRGMaの発現が最も高いことがわかった。
HAM患者2名のPBMCを培地(10% FBS(GIBCO)を含むRPMI1640培地(wako))に懸濁し1e5 cellsずつ96 well round bottom plateに10well分播種した後に1, 3, 5, 7日間培養した。
培養を行っていないDay0のPBMCとともに各期間培養したPBMCより全RNAを抽出してReverTra Ace(東洋紡)を用いてcDNAを作製した。HAM患者PBMCは培養するとHTLV-1ウイルスが過剰に発現することが知られており、作製されたcDNAを用いてHAM患者PBMCの培養に伴う、すなわち、ウイルスの発現に伴うRGMaの発現変化について、Real time PCRにより解析した。インターナルコントロールには18s rRNAを用いた。解析の結果を示すグラフを図5に示す。
正常T細胞 3例(Normal T cell)、HAM患者由来CD4陽性T細胞 4例(HAM)、急性型ATL患者由来PBMC 3例(ATL)について、Agilent Technologies社のSurePrint G3 Human Promoter 2x400K Microarrayを用いて全プロモーター上のH3K27me3レベルを取得し、標準化したのち、RGMa遺伝子の転写開始点から-2,916bp上流付近のH3K27me3レベルをグラフ化した。
グラフを図6に示す。グラフではアレイの蛍光強度のLog2値をプロットした。なお、図中のHAM50及びHAM123は、それぞれCD4陽性T細胞を得たHAM患者を指す。HAM患者由来のCD4陽性T細胞では、RGMaの遺伝子発現抑制が解除されていることが示唆された。
ヒトCD4陽性T細胞白血病細胞株Jurkatに対し、HTLV-1 TaxをコードするcDNAを挿入するレンチウイルスベクターを導入し、導入後3日間の継時的なRGMa遺伝子mRNAのレベルを定量的RT-PCRで測定した。RPL19遺伝子mRNAも測定し、内部標準として使用した。
定量の結果を表すグラフを図7に示す。HTLV-1ウイルスによってRGMa発現が引き起こされることが示唆された。
JPX9細胞を培地(10% FBSを含むRPMI1640培地)で24時間培養し、HTLV-1-tax発現を誘導する塩化カドミウム(CdCl2;ナカライテスク)を終濃度20μMとなるように添加した後、1、2、及び3日間培養した。塩化カドミウム処理及び未処理のJPX9細胞について、Tax及びRGMaのタンパク質発現についてFACS解析した。
塩化カドミウム処理及び未処理のJPX9細胞をそれぞれ洗浄し、Foxp3/Transcription Factor Staining Buffer Kit (eBioscience)を用いて細胞透過処理を行った。その後、抗Tax-FITC抗体(Lt-4:琉球大学 田中先生より分与)を添加して4℃で1時間処理することにより細胞内に発現するTaxタンパク質を染色した。染色されたTaxタンパク質はCantoIIを用いたFACS解析により検出した。
塩化カドミウム処理及び未処理のJPX9細胞をそれぞれ洗浄し、抗RGMa抗体(株式会社免疫生物研究所(IBL)製)を添加して4℃で30分間処理した。その後、細胞を洗浄し、抗mouse IgG-PE抗体(BioLegend)を添加し4℃で30分間反応させ、JPX9に発現するRGMaタンパク質を染色した。染色されたRGMaタンパク質はCantoIIを用いたFACS解析により検出した。
図8にTax及びRGMaのタンパク質発現の解析結果を示す。
(自発的増殖活性へのRGMa抗体の作用)
4例のHAM患者PBMCを培地(10% FBSを含むRPMI1640培地)に懸濁し、1e5 cellsずつ96 well round bottom plateに播種し、終濃度10μg/mlとなるようRGMa抗体(R&D Systems製)を加え合計0.1mlの培養液において37℃、5% CO2条件下で7日間培養した。
何も添加しなかった群(Medium)、同濃度のNormal Goat IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)添加群(Normal IgG)、及び1μg/ml プレドニゾロン(PSL)(フナコシ)添加群をコントロールとした。
培養開始から6日後、各ウェルに1μ Ci 3H-Thymidineを添加し、37℃、5% CO2条件下で16時間培養を行った。その後、培養細胞をセルハーべスター(Tomtec MH3 PerkinElmer)を用いてガラスフィルター(Printed Filtermat A PerkinElmer)に吸着させ、乾燥させた後に固体シンチレータMeltilex-A(PerkinElmer)を染み込ませ、MicroBeta (WALLAC MicroBeta TriLux 1450-021)を用いて細胞に取り込まれた3H-Thymidine量の測定を行った。各HAM患者PBMCのMedium群における3H-Thymidineのカウントの平均を100%として、各群の相対値を算出し、HAM患者4例の3H-Thymidine取り込み率の平均値を求めた。結果を図9に示す。
4例のHAM患者PBMCを培地(10% FBSを含むRPMI1640培地)に懸濁し1e5 cellsずつ96 well round bottom plateに播種し、終濃度10μg/mlとなるようRGMa抗体(R&D Systems製)を加え合計0.1mlの培養液において37℃、5% CO2条件下で7日間培養した。
何も添加しなかった群(Medium)、同濃度のNormal Goat IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)添加群(Normal IgG)、1μg/ml プレドニゾロン(PSL)(フナコシ)添加群をコントロールとした。
培養開始から7日後、遠心し上清を除いた細胞塊からゲノムDNA抽出を行った。抽出されたゲノムDNAを用いて、リアルタイムPCRによりHTLV-1プロウイルス量(感染細胞率)の測定を行った。
各HAM患者PBMCのMedium群おけるHTLV-1プロウイルス量を100%として、各群におけるHTLV-1プロウイルス量の相対値を算出し、HAM患者4例のHTLV-1プロウイルス量の平均値を求めた。結果を図10に示す。
HAM患者PBMCからのCXCL10産生に対するRGMa抗体の作用について解析するため、4例のHAM患者PBMCを培地(10% FBSを含むRPMI1640培地)に懸濁し1e5 cellsずつ96 well round bottom plateに播種し、終濃度10μg/mlとなるようRGMa抗体(R&D Systems製)を加え合計0.1mlの培養液において37℃、5% CO2条件下で7日間培養した。
何も添加しなかった群(Medium)、同濃度のNormal Goat IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)添加群(Normal IgG)、1μg/ml プレドニゾロン(PSL)(フナコシ)添加群をコントロールとした。
培養開始から7日後、培養液を遠心分離して培養上清のみを回収した。培養上清中のCXCL10濃度はCytokine Beads Array kit(BD Biosciences)を用いて、フローサイトメーターFACSCantoII(BD Biosciences)により測定した。
Medium群の培養液中におけるCXCL10濃度を100%として、各群における各群の培養液中CXCL10濃度の相対値を算出し、HAM患者4例のCXCL10濃度の平均値を求めた。結果を図11に示す。
HAM患者PBMCにおける各種サイトカインの産生に対するRGMa抗体の作用について解析するため、4例のHAM患者PBMCを培地(10% FBSを含むRPMI1640培地)に懸濁し1e5 cellsずつ98 well round bottom plateに播種し、終濃度10μg/mlとなるようRGMa抗体(R&D Systems製)を加え合計0.1mlの培養液において37℃、5% CO2条件下で7日間培養した。
何も添加しなかった群(Medium)、同濃度のNormal Goat IgG (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)添加群(Normal IgG)、1μg/ml プレドニゾロン(PSL)(フナコシ)添加群をコントロールとした。
培養開始から7日後、培養液を遠心分離して培養上清のみを回収した。培養上清中のIFNγ、TNF、IL-2、IL-10濃度はCytokine Beads Array kit(BD Biosciences)を用いて、フローサイトメーターFACSCantoII(BD Biosciences)により測定した。
Medium群の培養液中における各サイトカイン濃度を100%として、各培養条件におけるサイトカイン濃度の相対値を算出し、HAM患者4例の平均値を求めた。
神経細胞株NB-1又はSK-N-ASを6well plateに播種し24時間培養後、健常者(HD)又はHAM患者PBMCを添加し共培養を行った。共培養開始から48時間後に培地とともに添加したPBMCを除去し、PBSで洗浄後に神経細胞株を回収した。
回収された各神経細胞株について、アポトーシスによりDNA断片化を起こしている細胞を特異的に検出するTUNEL法(MEBSTAIN Apoptosis TUNEL Kit Direct(MBL))により解析を行った。図13に解析結果を示す。ヒストグラムにおけるX軸が、DNA断片化陽性の強度を示す。HAM由来細胞はHD由来細胞と比較して、神経細胞株にアポトーシスをより強く誘導した。
具体的には、以下の<実験手順>にしたがって、細胞死の解析を行った。
<実験手順>
神経細胞株NB-1、SK-N-ASをそれぞれ6well plateに播種し、24時間培養した。
次に、HDまたはHAM-PBMCを添加(神経細胞株の播種数の2倍量)し、48時間培養した。
その後、4%パラホルムアルデヒドを用いて細胞固定し、70%エタノールにより細胞透過処理を行った。
DNA nick end labelingを行うため、MEBSTAIN Apoptosis TUNEL Kit Direct(MBL)のTdT solution 20uL(TdT buffer II : TdT : FITC-dUTP = 18 : 1 : 1)に細胞を懸濁させ、37℃で60分間反応させた後、FACS解析を行った。
神経細胞株NB-1を6well plateに播種し24時間培養後、未刺激JPX9(JPX9(-))または20μM塩化カドミウムを24時間添加してTax発現を誘導したJPX9(JPX9(+CdCl2))を加えて共培養を行った。また、NB-1細胞と(JPX9(+CdCl2)の共培養に終濃度10μg/ml になるようにNormal Mouse IgG2b(MBL)またはRGMa抗体(IBL)を加えた。共培養開始から48時間後に培地とともに添加したJPX9を除去し、PBSで洗浄後に神経細胞株を回収した。回収された各神経細胞株について、アポトーシスによりDNA断片化を起こしている細胞を特異的に検出するTUNEL法(MEBSTAIN Apoptosis TUNEL Kit Direct(MBL))により解析を行った。図14に解析結果を示す。ヒストグラムにおけるX軸が、DNA断片化陽性の強度を示す。
具体的には、以下の<実験手順>にしたがって、細胞死の解析を行った。
<実験手順>
神経細胞株(NB-1)を6well plateに播種し、24時間培養した。
次に、JPX9(-)またはJPX9(+CdCl2)をNB-1細胞に添加して共培養した。なお、JPX9(-)またはJPX9(+CdCl2)の細胞数はNB-1細胞の播種数の2倍量とした。JPX9(+CdCl2)については、塩化カドミウムを除去するために培地10mlで3回洗浄してNB-1細胞に加えた。
続いて、NB-1細胞と(JPX9(+CdCl2)の共培養にNormal Mouse IgG2b(MBL)または抗RGMa抗体(IBL)を終濃度10μg/mlとなるように加え、48時間培養した。
その後、4%パラホルムアルデヒドを用いて細胞固定し、70%エタノールにより細胞透過処理を行い、抗CD45-V450抗体を加えて染色した。
DNA nick end labelingを行うため、MEBSTAIN Apoptosis TUNEL Kit Direct(MBL)のTdT solution 20uL(TdT buffer II : TdT : FITC-dUTP = 18 : 1 : 1)に細胞を懸濁し、37℃で60分間反応させた後、FACS解析を行った。
Claims (4)
- RGMa阻害物質を含む、HTLV-1関連脊髄症(HAM)の治療又は予防剤。
- 前記RGMa阻害物質が、RGMaを認識する抗体である、請求項1に記載のHAMの治療又は予防剤。
- それを必要とするHTLV-1関連脊髄症(HAM)患者に薬理学的に有効量のRGMa阻害物質を投与することを含む、HAMの治療方法。
- 前記RGMa阻害物質が、RGMaを認識する抗体である、請求項3に記載のHAMの治療方法。
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| WO2025070749A1 (ja) * | 2023-09-29 | 2025-04-03 | 田辺三菱製薬株式会社 | 脊髄又は脳の障害により引き起こされる疾患に伴う随伴症状の予防又は治療剤 |
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