WO2020019354A1 - 视频编码方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

视频编码方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2020019354A1
WO2020019354A1 PCT/CN2018/097668 CN2018097668W WO2020019354A1 WO 2020019354 A1 WO2020019354 A1 WO 2020019354A1 CN 2018097668 W CN2018097668 W CN 2018097668W WO 2020019354 A1 WO2020019354 A1 WO 2020019354A1
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encoded
quantization parameter
motion vector
frame
key frame
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French (fr)
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缪泽翔
郑萧桢
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SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
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SZ DJI Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP18927602.5A priority Critical patent/EP3823282A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/097668 priority patent/WO2020019354A1/zh
Priority to CN201880039295.XA priority patent/CN110800297B/zh
Publication of WO2020019354A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019354A1/zh
Priority to US17/146,813 priority patent/US20210136381A1/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/136Incoming video signal characteristics or properties
    • H04N19/137Motion inside a coding unit, e.g. average field, frame or block difference
    • H04N19/139Analysis of motion vectors, e.g. their magnitude, direction, variance or reliability
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/527Global motion vector estimation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H04N19/114Adapting the group of pictures [GOP] structure, e.g. number of B-frames between two anchor frames
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/124Quantisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/134Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or criterion affecting or controlling the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/146Data rate or code amount at the encoder output
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/503Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
    • H04N19/51Motion estimation or motion compensation
    • H04N19/58Motion compensation with long-term prediction, i.e. the reference frame for a current frame not being the temporally closest one

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the technical field of video coding, and in particular, to a video coding method and device, a computer-readable storage medium, and an electronic device.
  • Video encoding also known as video data compression, is designed to remove all kinds of redundant data from video data.
  • the video encoding process generally includes steps such as prediction, transformation, quantization, and entropy encoding.
  • prediction includes intra prediction and inter prediction.
  • Intra prediction uses the spatial information of the currently encoded frame to eliminate redundant information.
  • Inter prediction can use the time-domain information adjacent to the current encoding frame to eliminate redundant information.
  • the image frame that uses only intra prediction during video encoding is called an I-frame. Both intra prediction and unidirectional frames can be used at the same time. Inter-predicted image frames are called P-frames, and image frames that can use both intra-prediction and bi-directional inter-prediction are called B-frames.
  • the coding structure of a video sequence is composed of multiple picture groups (Group of Pictures, GOP), as shown in Figures 2 and 3.
  • Each picture group includes a key frame (such as an I frame) and multiple non-key frames ( For example, P frame and B frame), the first frame of each image group is a key frame, and the key frame is used as a reference frame of a non-key frame, which has a greater impact on video coding.
  • the reconstruction quality of the key frames can be improved, thereby improving the frames of subsequent non-key frames (for example, P-frames) in the image group.
  • the number of bits used to encode subsequent non-key frames in the image group will be relatively small, which will cause subsequent non-key in the image group.
  • the reconstruction quality of the frame is reduced; when more bits are used to encode non-key frames in the image group, the reconstruction quality of the key frames in the image group will be reduced, which will affect the frames of subsequent non-key frames in the image group.
  • prediction efficiency Therefore, how to reasonably allocate the number of bits used for coding of key frames (for example, I-frames) and non-key frames (for example, P-frames) is a problem to be solved.
  • the invention provides a video encoding method and device, a computer-readable storage medium, and an electronic device, which can dynamically allocate the number of bits and quantization parameters used for key frame (for example, I-frame) encoding, thereby obtaining higher video encoding quality.
  • key frame for example, I-frame
  • a video encoding method includes:
  • a video encoding device includes:
  • a quantization parameter calculation module configured to determine an initial quantization parameter of a key frame to be encoded in a current image group to be encoded
  • An offset determination module configured to determine an offset of a quantization parameter of the key frame to be encoded
  • a correction module is configured to determine a quantization parameter for video encoding the key frame to be encoded according to an offset between the initial quantization parameter and the quantization parameter.
  • a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the following processing is performed:
  • an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the processor executes the program, the following processing is performed:
  • the present invention determines the initial quantization parameters of the key frames to be encoded in the current image group to be encoded, and determines the quantization parameter offset of the key frames to be encoded, and then according to the initial quantization parameters And the quantization parameter offset determine the quantization parameter used for video encoding of the key frame to be encoded. Since the quantization parameter of the key frame to be encoded in video encoding is a value that uses the quantization parameter offset to modify the initial quantization parameter, that is In other words, the quantization parameter of the key frame to be encoded can be adjusted using the quantization parameter offset. Therefore, under a certain bit rate condition, the number of bits used for key frame encoding can be reasonably allocated.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a video encoding process according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a coding structure of a video sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a coding structure of another video sequence according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a video encoding method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of segmenting an image frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a global motion vector of each image frame in an image group according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a global motion vector of each image frame in another image group according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a video encoding device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a video encoding method.
  • the method can be applied to an electronic device with a video encoding function, such as a video encoder.
  • the method may include the following steps:
  • the key frame may be an I frame, for example.
  • determining the initial quantization parameter of the key frames to be encoded in the current to-be-encoded image group in step S101 may include:
  • TargetBits Calculate the number of target bits (targetBits) for video encoding of the key frames to be encoded
  • an initial quantization parameter of the key frame to be encoded is determined.
  • the calculation of the target bit number of the key frame to be encoded for video encoding may include:
  • the target number of bits for video encoding of the key frame to be encoded is calculated.
  • the calculating the target number of bits according to the target code rate and frame rate may include:
  • the target bit rate and frame rate are calculated according to the first specified formula to obtain the target number of bits.
  • the first specified formula may be the following formula (1):
  • targetBits is the number of target bits
  • targetBitrate is the target bit rate
  • frameRate is the frame rate
  • the above-mentioned determining the initial quantization parameter of the current keyframe to be encoded according to the number of target bits and the total number of pixels of the current keyframe to be encoded may include:
  • the target number of bits and the total number of pixels of the key frame currently to be coded are calculated according to the second designated formula to obtain the initial quantization parameters of the key frame to be coded.
  • the second specified formula may be the following formula (2):
  • numOfPixel is the total number of pixels of the current key frame to be encoded, and ⁇ and ⁇ are constants, which can be given by an empirical code rate control model.
  • embodiments of the present invention may also determine the initial quantization parameters of the key frames to be encoded in other ways, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present invention.
  • determining the quantization parameter offset of the key frame to be encoded in step S102 may include:
  • the quantization parameter offset of the key frame to be encoded is determined.
  • the candidate encoded image group is the current to-be-encoded image group and / or is at least one previous encoded image group of the current to-be-encoded image group.
  • the key frames and non-key frames in the current image group to be encoded are image frames to be encoded
  • the key frames and non-key frames in the previous encoded image group of the current image group to be encoded are encoded images. frame.
  • the quantization parameter offset of the key frame to be encoded can be calculated by using the global motion vector of the key frame and the global motion vector of the non-key frame in the current image group to be encoded (that is, the image group to which the current key frame to be encoded belongs) , Can also be calculated by using the global motion vector of the key frame and the global motion vector of the non-key frame in the at least one encoded image group of the current to-be-encoded image group, and the current image group to be encoded and the The global motion vector of the key frame and the global motion vector of the non-key frame in the previous at least one encoded image group are calculated.
  • the quantization parameter offset of I 0 in the first image group can be calculated by using the global motion vector of each image frame in the first image group.
  • the second image The quantization parameter offset of I 1 in the group can be calculated by using the global motion vector of each image frame in the second image group.
  • the quantization parameter offset of I 0 in the first image group can be calculated by using the global motion vector of each image frame in the first image group, and the quantization parameter offset of I 1 in the second image group
  • the global motion vector of each image frame in the previous coded image group (ie, the first image group) of the second image group can be calculated.
  • the offset of the quantization parameter of I 0 in the first image group can be set to 0 (that is, the quantization parameter of I 0 uses the initial quantization parameter), and the offset of the quantization parameter of I 1 in the second image group can be used
  • the global motion vector of each image frame in the previous coded image group (that is, the first image group) of the second image group is calculated.
  • determining the global motion vector of the image frame may include:
  • the global motion vector of the image frame is determined according to the global motion vector of the image frame relative to the forward reference frame and / or the global motion vector of the image frame relative to the backward reference frame.
  • First method For any image frame, calculate the motion vector of the image frame relative to its reference image frame as the global motion vector of the image frame.
  • the second method for any image frame, divide the image frame into multiple regions (for example, divide into 9 regions 401 as shown in FIG. 5), and calculate each region in the image frame relative to the corresponding region in its reference image frame
  • the motion vector of the image frame, and the average value of the absolute value of the motion vector of each region in the image frame is used as the global motion vector of the image frame, that is, the absolute value of the motion vector of each region is summed and the average value is taken as The global motion vector of the image frame.
  • the above-mentioned determining the offset of the quantization parameter of the current key frame to be encoded according to the global motion vector of the key frame and the global motion vector of the non-key frame in the candidate encoded image group may include:
  • the quantization parameter offset of the key frame to be encoded is determined.
  • the quantization parameter offset may be a quantization parameter offset value or a quantization parameter offset coefficient.
  • the determining the weighted global motion vector corresponding to the current key frame to be encoded according to the global motion vector of the key frame and the global motion vector of the non-key frame in the candidate encoded image group may include:
  • the weighted sum of the global motion vectors of the key frames and the global motion vectors of the non-key frames in the candidate coded image group is obtained to obtain a weighted global motion vector corresponding to the key frame to be encoded currently.
  • the weighting weight of the global motion vector of the image frame and the interval between the image frame and the key frame to be encoded may be set to a negative correlation. In other words, the weight of the global motion vector of the image frame closer to the current key frame to be encoded is greater. It can be understood that the weighted weight may also be related to the compression ratio of the image frame. For example, for a B frame with a high compression ratio, it may be given a relatively small weighting weight.
  • each image group includes one I frame and n-1 P frames.
  • the current image group to be encoded is the m + 1th image group, and the key frame to be encoded is started.
  • Is I 0 the current key frame to be encoded is I m
  • the candidate coded image group is the m-th image group, starting from the key frame I m-1 of the m-th image group, the global of each image frame in the m-th image group
  • the motion vectors are GMV 0 , GMV 1 , GMV 2 ,..., GMV n-1
  • the weighted global motion vector GMV weighted corresponding to the key frame to be encoded can be calculated according to the following third specified formula (3):
  • the coefficient i indicates that the higher weight is given to the image frame closer to the key frame to be encoded.
  • the motion severity of the video content can be inferred based on the GMV weighted .
  • the larger the GMV weighted it indicates that the image content of the current to-be-encoded key frame I m in the current to-be-encoded image group changes more than the image content of each image frame in the previous encoded image group, thereby reflecting the content of the video The greater the change, the more intense the exercise.
  • the motion of the video to be encoded is more intense, it indicates that the image content changes between its frames.
  • the reference of the key frames (such as I frames) to the non-key frames (such as P frames) in an image group to be encoded is reduced, so that more bits can be allocated to non-key frames to improve the reconstruction quality of non-key frames.
  • the motion of the video to be encoded is not violent, it indicates that the image content between the frames does not change much.
  • a key frame (such as an I frame) in an image group to be encoded has a greater reference significance to a non-key frame (such as a P frame)
  • a larger number of bits can be allocated to the key frames to improve the quality of key frame reconstruction.
  • inter-frame prediction efficiency for non-key frames is possible.
  • the quantization parameters of the I-frame can be adjusted according to the GMV weighted , thereby adjusting the bit allocation of the I-frame and P-frame. Specifically, reducing the quantization parameter value can increase the number of bits allocated for I-frame encoding. Large quantization parameter values can reduce the number of bits allocated for I-frame encoding.
  • each image group includes one I frame and several P frames and B frames.
  • the first four frames of the GOP may be I0, B0, B1, and P2 frames.
  • GMV 1 represents the global motion vector of B0 relative to I0
  • GMV 2 represents the global motion vector of B1 relative to I0
  • GMV 3 represents the global motion vector of P2 relative to I0, that is, the m-th image group at this time
  • its global motion vector GMV may also be a global motion vector of the B frame relative to a reference frame (I frame or P frame) predicted backward.
  • the weighted global motion vector GMV weighted corresponding to the current key frame to be encoded may be calculated according to the following third designated formula (3 '):
  • W (GMV i-1 ) represents the weighting weight of GMV i-1 , which can be taken as the weighting weight in the third specified formula (3), or can be specified according to the compression ratio of each image frame, or other
  • the weighting method is not limited here.
  • the B frame has forward and backward reference frames.
  • a global motion vector relative to one of the reference frames may be selected, or according to a predetermined global motion vector relative to all reference frames or part of the reference frames
  • the formula (for example, average, near frame, far frame, etc.) is calculated.
  • the third specified formula (3 ') can be used to perform subsequent calculations of the global weighted vector GMV weighted .
  • determining the weighted global motion vector corresponding to the current key frame to be encoded according to the global motion vector of the key frame and the global motion vector of the non-key frame in the candidate encoded image group may include:
  • the weighted sum of the global motion vectors of the selected partial image frames is obtained to obtain a weighted global motion vector corresponding to the key frame to be encoded currently.
  • the preset rule may be, for example, selecting m GMVs (m ⁇ n) near the current key frame to be encoded from n GMVs, or selecting odd GMVs from n GMVs, or selecting from n GMVs. Even GMV and so on.
  • the quantization parameter offset is a quantization parameter offset value
  • determining the quantization parameter for video encoding the current key frame to be encoded according to the initial quantization parameter and the quantization parameter offset in step S103 may include:
  • the initial quantization parameter (QP0) is added to the quantization parameter offset value (QP_offset) to obtain the current quantization parameter (QP) of the key frame to be encoded.
  • the above-mentioned quantization parameter offset value can be determined, for example, by a correspondence relationship between a weighted global motion vector (GMV weighted ) and a quantization parameter offset (QP_offset) shown in Table 1.
  • GMV weighted weighted global motion vector
  • QP_offset quantization parameter offset
  • the following formula (4) can be used to calculate the quantization parameter (QP) of the key frame to be currently encoded.
  • the quantization parameter offset is a quantization parameter offset coefficient
  • determining the quantization parameter for video encoding the current key frame to be encoded according to the initial quantization parameter and the quantization parameter offset in step S103 may include:
  • the initial quantization parameter is multiplied by the quantization parameter offset coefficient to obtain the quantization parameter of the key frame to be currently encoded.
  • the above-mentioned quantization parameter offset coefficient can be determined, for example, by a correspondence relationship between a weighted global motion vector (GMV weighted ) and a quantization parameter offset (QP_offset) shown in Table 2.
  • GMV weighted weighted global motion vector
  • QP_offset quantization parameter offset
  • GMV weighted ⁇ n1 indicates that the motion of the video content is very slight, and the I frame is of great significance for subsequent P frames.
  • reducing the value of QP_offset can use most bits to improve the quality of the I frame, which is beneficial to improve the overall The quality of the period (that is, the group of images in which the I frame is located); when GMV weighted > n6, it indicates that the video content is very violent, and the reference significance of the I frame to the subsequent P frames is small. Fewer bits are used for I-frame encoding (but the I-frame quality is generally not worse than the subsequent first P-frame), which is conducive to improving the quality of subsequent P-frame encoding.
  • the following formula (5) can be used to calculate the quantization parameter (QP) of the key frame to be currently encoded.
  • a video encoding device includes a quantization parameter calculation module 11, an offset determination module 12, and a correction module 13.
  • the quantization parameter calculation module 11 is configured to determine an initial quantization parameter of a key frame to be encoded (referred to as a current key frame to be encoded) in the current group of pictures to be encoded;
  • An offset determination module 12 configured to determine an offset of a quantization parameter of a key frame to be currently encoded
  • the correction module 13 is configured to determine a quantization parameter for video encoding a key frame to be currently encoded according to an initial quantization parameter and a quantization parameter offset.
  • the quantization parameter calculation module 11 may be configured to:
  • an initial quantization parameter of the current key frame to be encoded is determined.
  • the quantization parameter calculation module 11 may be configured to:
  • the target number of bits for video encoding of the key frame to be encoded is calculated.
  • the quantization parameter calculation module 11 may be configured to:
  • the target bit rate and frame rate are calculated according to the first specified formula (1) above to obtain the target number of bits.
  • the quantization parameter calculation module 11 may be configured to:
  • the target bit number and the total number of pixels of the current key frame to be encoded are calculated according to the second specified formula (2) above to obtain the initial quantization parameters of the current key frame to be encoded.
  • the offset determination module 12 may be configured to:
  • the quantization parameter offset of the current key frame to be encoded is determined.
  • the candidate encoded image group is the current to-be-encoded image group and / or is at least one previous encoded image group of the current to-be-encoded image group.
  • the offset determination module 12 may be configured to:
  • the global motion vector of the image frame is determined according to the global motion vector of the image frame relative to the forward reference frame and / or the global motion vector of the image frame relative to the backward reference frame.
  • the offset determination module 12 may be configured to:
  • the motion vector of the image frame relative to its reference image frame is calculated as the global motion vector of the image frame.
  • the offset determination module 12 may be configured to:
  • any image frame divide the image frame into multiple regions, calculate the motion vector of each region in the image frame relative to the corresponding region in its reference image frame, and then calculate the absolute value of the motion vector of each region in the image frame.
  • the mean of the values is used as the global motion vector for this image frame.
  • the offset determination module 12 may be configured to:
  • the quantization parameter offset of the key frame to be encoded is determined.
  • the offset determination module 12 may be configured to:
  • the weighted sum of the global motion vectors of the key frames and the global motion vectors of the non-key frames in the candidate coded image group is obtained to obtain a weighted global motion vector corresponding to the key frame to be encoded currently.
  • the offset determination module 12 may be configured to:
  • the weighted sum of the global motion vectors of the selected partial image frames is obtained to obtain a weighted global motion vector corresponding to the key frame to be encoded currently.
  • the weighting weight of the global motion vector of the image frame and the interval between the image frame and the key frame to be encoded may be set to a negative correlation.
  • the quantization parameter offset is a quantization parameter offset value
  • the correction module 13 can be used for:
  • the initial quantization parameter is added to the quantization parameter offset value to obtain the current quantization parameter of the key frame to be encoded.
  • the quantization parameter offset is a quantization parameter offset coefficient
  • the correction module 13 can be used for:
  • the initial quantization parameter is multiplied by the quantization parameter offset coefficient to obtain the quantization parameter of the key frame to be currently encoded.
  • the relevant part may refer to the description of the method embodiment.
  • the device embodiments described above are only schematic, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located One place, or it can be distributed across multiple network elements. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement without creative efforts.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored.
  • the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the video encoding method in any of the foregoing possible implementation manners are implemented.
  • the storage medium may specifically be a memory.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device including a memory 71 (such as a non-volatile memory), a processor 72, and stored on the memory 71 and can run on the processor 72.
  • a memory 71 such as a non-volatile memory
  • the processor 72 executes the computer program, the processor 72 implements the steps of the video encoding method in any of the foregoing possible implementation manners.
  • the electronic device may be, for example, a video encoder.
  • the electronic device may further include a memory 73, a network interface 74, and an internal bus 75.
  • other hardware may also be included, which will not be repeated here.
  • the above video encoding device can be implemented by software.
  • the computer program instructions stored in the non-volatile memory are read into the memory by the processor 72 of the electronic device in which it is located. Formed in 73 runs.
  • Embodiments of the subject matter and functional operations described in this specification may be implemented in computer software or firmware that is tangibly embodied, computer hardware including the structure disclosed in this specification and its structural equivalents, or one or more of them Combination.
  • Embodiments of the subject matter described in this specification can be implemented as one or more computer programs, that is, one or Multiple modules.
  • the program instructions may be encoded on a manually generated propagation signal, such as a machine-generated electrical, optical, or electromagnetic signal, which is generated to encode and transmit the information to a suitable receiver device for processing by the data.
  • the processing device executes.
  • the computer storage medium may be a machine-readable storage device, a machine-readable storage substrate, a random or serial access memory device, or a combination of one or more of them.
  • the processes and logic flows described in this specification can be performed by one or more programmable computers executing one or more computer programs to perform corresponding functions by operating on input data and generating output.
  • the processing and logic flow may also be performed by a dedicated logic circuit, such as an FPGA (field programmable gate array) or an ASIC (application specific integrated circuit), and the device may also be implemented as a dedicated logic circuit.
  • Computers suitable for executing a computer program include, for example, a general-purpose and / or special-purpose microprocessor, or any other type of central processing unit.
  • the central processing unit will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory and / or a random access memory.
  • the basic components of a computer include a central processing unit for implementing or executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data.
  • a computer will also include one or more mass storage devices, such as magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks, for storing data, or the computer will be operatively coupled to this mass storage device to receive data from or to It transmits data, or both.
  • mass storage devices such as magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, or optical disks
  • the computer may be embedded in another device, such as a mobile phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), mobile audio or video player, game console, global positioning system (GPS) receiver, or, for example, a universal serial bus (USB ) Flash drives for portable storage devices, just to name a few.
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • GPS global positioning system
  • USB universal serial bus
  • Computer-readable media suitable for storing computer program instructions and data include all forms of non-volatile memory, media, and memory devices, including, for example, semiconductor memory devices (such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices), magnetic disks (such as internal hard disks or Removable disks), magneto-optical disks, and CD ROM and DVD-ROM disks.
  • semiconductor memory devices such as EPROM, EEPROM, and flash memory devices
  • magnetic disks such as internal hard disks or Removable disks
  • magneto-optical disks and CD ROM and DVD-ROM disks.
  • the processor and memory may be supplemented by, or incorporated in, special purpose logic circuitry.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种视频编码方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质、电子设备。该视频编码方法包括:确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数;确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。由于视频编码中待编码关键帧的量化参数是采用量化参数偏移量对初始量化参数进行了修正的值,也就是说,待编码关键帧的量化参数是可以使用量化参数偏移量进行调整的,因此,在一定码率条件下,可以合理地分配用于关键帧编码的比特数。

Description

视频编码方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及视频编码技术领域,特别涉及一种视频编码方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质、电子设备。
背景技术
视频编码,又称作视频数据压缩,其目的是去除视频数据中的各种冗余数据。参见图1,视频编码过程一般包括预测、变换、量化和熵编码等步骤,其中,预测包括帧内预测和帧间预测,帧内预测是使用当前编码帧的空域信息来消除冗余信息,帧间预测是可以使用与当前编码帧前后相邻的时域信息来消除冗余信息,在视频编码时仅使用帧内预测的图像帧被称为I帧,可以同时使用帧内预测及单方向帧间预测的图像帧称为P帧,可以同时使用帧内预测及双方向帧间预测的图像帧称为B帧。一般情况下,视频序列的编码结构由多个图像组(Group Of Pictures,GOP)构成,参见图2和图3,每个图像组包括一个关键帧(例如I帧)和多个非关键帧(例如P帧、B帧),每个图像组的第一帧为关键帧,关键帧作为非关键帧的参考帧,其对视频编码的影响比较大。
在视频编码过程中,当将多数比特用于编码图像组中关键帧(例如I帧)时,可以提高关键帧的重建质量,从而提高该图像组中后续非关键帧(例如P帧)的帧间预测效率。但在一定码率条件下,将多数比特用于编码图像组中关键帧时,用于该图像组中后续非关键帧编码的比特数就会相对比较少,因此会引起图像组中后续非关键帧的重建质量下降;而将更多的比特数用于编码图像组中非关键帧时,又会因此引起图像组中关键帧的重建质量下降,从而影响该图像组中后续非关键帧的帧间预测效率。因此,如何合理地分配用于关键帧(例如I帧)和非关键帧(例如P帧)编码的比特数,是一个需要解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明提供一种视频编码方法及装置、计算机可读存储介质、电子设备,能够动态地分配用于关键帧(例如I帧)编码的比特数和量化参数,从而获得更高的视频编码质量。
根据本发明的第一方面,提供一种视频编码方法,所述方法包括:
确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数;
确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供一种视频编码装置,所述装置包括:
量化参数计算模块,用于确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数;
偏移量确定模块,用于确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
修正模块,用于根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
根据本发明的第三方面,提供一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,所述程序被处理器执行时进行如下处理:
确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数;
确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
根据本发明的第四方面,提供一种电子设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述程序时进行如下处理:
确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数;
确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
由以上本发明实施例提供的技术方案可见,本发明通过先确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数,以及确定待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量,然后根据初始量化参数与量化参数偏移量确定用于对待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数,由于视频编码中待编码关键帧的量化参数是采用量化参数偏移量对初始量化参数进行了修正的值,也就是说,待编码关键帧的量化参数是可以使用量化参数偏移量进行调整的,因此,在一定码率条件下,可以合理地分配用于关键帧编码的比特数。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例中视频编码的流程示意图;
图2为本发明实施例中一种视频序列的编码结构示意图;
图3为本发明实施例中另一种视频序列的编码结构示意图;
图4为本发明实施例提供的一种视频编码方法的流程示意图;
图5为本发明实施例中图像帧的分割示意图;
图6为本发明实施例中一种图像组中各图像帧的全局运动矢量的示意图;
图7为本发明实施例中另一种图像组中各图像帧的全局运动矢量的示意图;
图8为本发明实施例提供的一种视频编码装置的结构示意图;
图9为本发明实施例提供的电子设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面结合附图,对本发明实施例提供的视频编码方法和装置进行详细说明。在不冲突的情况下,下述的实施例及实施方式中的特征可以相互组合。
如图4所示,本发明实施例提供了一种视频编码方法,该方法可以应用于具有视频编码功能的电子设备,例如视频编码器,该方法可以包括如下步骤:
S101、确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧(简称当前待编码关键帧)的初始量化参数(QP0);
其中,关键帧例如可以为I帧。
S102、确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
S103、根据初始量化参数与量化参数偏移量确定用于对当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
在一可能的实现方式中,步骤S101中确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数,可以包括:
计算当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数(targetBits);
根据目标比特数和当前待编码关键帧的总像素个数(numOfPixel),确定当前待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
在一可能的实现方式中,上述计算当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数可以包括:
获取预配置的目标码率(targetBitrate)和帧率(frameRate);
根据目标码率和帧率计算当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数。
在一可能的实现方式中,上述根据目标码率和帧率计算目标比特数可以包括:
按照第一指定公式对目标码率和帧率进行运算,得到目标比特数。
其中,第一指定公式可以为下式(1):
Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-000001
其中,targetBits为目标比特数,targetBitrate为目标码率,frameRate为帧率。
在一可能的实现方式中,上述根据目标比特数和当前待编码关键帧的总像素个数,确定当前待编码关键帧的初始量化参数可以包括:
按照第二指定公式对目标比特数和当前待编码关键帧的总像素个数进行运算,得到当前待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
其中,第二指定公式可以为下式(2):
Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-000002
其中,numOfPixel为当前待编码关键帧的总像素个数,α、β为常数,可以由经验码率控制模型给出。
需要指出的是,本发明实施例也可以通过其他的方式确定当前待编码关键帧的初始量化参数,本发明实施例对此并不进行限定。
在一可能的实现方式中,步骤S102中确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量,可以包括:
确定候选编码图像组;
确定候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量;
根据候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量(Global Motion Vector, GMV)和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
其中,候选编码图像组为当前待编码图像组和/或为当前待编码图像组的前至少一个编码图像组。需要指出的是,当前待编码图像组中的关键帧和非关键帧是待编码的图像帧,而当前待编码图像组的前一个编码图像组中的关键帧和非关键帧是已编码的图像帧。
例如:当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量可以利用当前待编码图像组(即当前待编码关键帧所属的图像组)中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到,也可以利用当前待编码图像组的前至少一个编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到,还可以利用当前待编码图像组和当前待编码图像组的前至少一个编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到。
具体实施时,可以根据实际需要进行配置,例如:第一个图像组中I 0的量化参数偏移量可以利用第一个图像组中各图像帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到,第二个图像组中I 1的量化参数偏移量可以利用第二个图像组中各图像帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到。又例如,第一个图像组中I 0的量化参数偏移量可以利用第一个图像组中各图像帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到,第二个图像组中I 1的量化参数偏移量可以利用第二个图像组的前一个编码图像组(即第一个图像组)中各图像帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到。再例如,第一个图像组中I 0的量化参数偏移量可以设置为0(即I 0的量化参数采用初始量化参数),第二个图像组中I 1的量化参数偏移量可以利用第二个图像组的前一个编码图像组(即第一个图像组)中各图像帧的全局运动矢量来计算得到。
本发明实施例中,确定图像帧的全局运动矢量可以包括:
根据图像帧相对于前向参考帧的全局运动矢量和/或图像帧相对于后向参考帧的全局运动矢量,确定该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
例如可以通过如下的方式进行确定:
第一种方式:针对任意一个图像帧,计算该图像帧相对于其参考图像帧的运动矢量,作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
第二种方式:针对任意一个图像帧,将该图像帧分成多个区域(例如如图5所示分成9个区域401),计算该图像帧中每一个区域相对于其参考图像帧中对应区域的运动矢量,再将该图像帧中每一个区域的运动矢量的绝对值的均值作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量,也就是将每一个区域的运动矢量的绝对值求和再取平均值作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
在一可能的实现方式中,上述根据候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量,可以包括:
根据候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量;
根据预设的加权全局运动矢量和量化参数偏移量的对应关系,确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
其中,量化参数偏移量可以为量化参数偏移值,也可以为量化参数偏移系数。
在一可能的实现方式中,上述根据候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量,可以包括:
对候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
需要说明的是,本发明实施例中图像帧的全局运动矢量的加权权重与该图像帧与当前待编码关键帧的间隔可以设置成负相关关系。换句话说,与当前待编码关键帧间隔越近的图像帧的全局运动矢量的加权权重越大。可以理解的是,加权权重还可以与该图像帧的压缩比有关。例如,针对高压缩比的B帧,可以赋予其相对较小的加权权重。
例如,参见图6,在一些实施例中,每一个图像组中包括1个I帧和 n-1个P帧,当前待编码图像组为第m+1个图像组,起始待编码关键帧为I 0,当前待编码关键帧为I m,候选编码图像组为第m个图像组,从第m个图像组的关键帧I m-1开始,第m个图像组中各图像帧的全局运动矢量分别为GMV 0,GMV 1,GMV 2,……,GMV n-1,可以按照如下的第三指定公式(3)计算当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量GMV weighted
Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-000003
在公式(3)中,系数i表明了对离待编码关键帧越近的图像帧赋予越高的权重。在得到加权全局运动矢量GMV weighted后,可以根据GMV weighted来推断视频内容的运动剧烈程度。GMV weighted越大,表明当前待编码图像组中的当前待编码关键帧I m的图像内容相较于前一个已编码图像组中的各个图像帧的图像内容的变化越大,从而反映视频的内容变化越大,运动越剧烈。当待编码视频的运动越剧烈时,表明其各帧之间的图像内容变化越大,此时一个待编码图像组中的关键帧(例如I帧)对于非关键帧(例如P帧)的参考意义降低,从而可以将更多的比特数分配给非关键帧,以提高非关键帧的重建质量;当待编码视频的运动不剧烈时,表明其各帧之间的图像内容变化不大,此时一个待编码图像组中的关键帧(例如I帧)对于非关键帧(例如P帧)的参考意义增大,从而可以将更多的比特数分配给关键帧,以提高关键帧的重建质量和非关键帧的帧间预测效率。在确定GMV weighted后,可以根据GMV weighted调整I帧的量化参数,从而调整I帧和P帧的比特分配,具体地,减小量化参数值可以使得分配用于I帧编码的比特数增加,增大量化参数值可以使得分配用于I帧编码的比特数降低。
又例如,参见图7,在另一些实施例中,每一个图像组中包括1个I帧和若干个P帧和B帧,例如GOP前四帧可以为I0、B0、B1、P2帧。此时与前述实施例不同,GMV 1表示B0相对I0的全局运动矢量,GMV 2,表示B1相对I0的全局运动矢量,GMV 3表示P2相对I0的全局运动矢量, 即此时第m个图像组中各图像帧的全局运动矢量GMV i(i=0,1,2,…,n-1)表示各图像帧相对于其前向预测的参考帧的全局运动矢量。可以理解的是,对于B帧,其全局运动矢量GMV也可以为该B帧相对于其后向预测的参考帧(I帧或P帧)的全局运动矢量。此时,可以按照如下的第三指定公式(3’)计算当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量GMV weighted
Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-000004
此处W(GMV i-1)表示GMV i-1的加权权重,其可以取如第三指定公式(3)中的加权权重,也可以根据各个图像帧的压缩比进行指定,或者使用其他的加权方法,此处并不作限制。
一些情况下,在当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量GMV weighted的计算过程中,当候选图像组中的非关键帧的参考帧有多个,例如P帧有多个前向参考帧,B帧有前后向参考帧,此时对于该非关键帧的全局运动矢量的计算,可以选取相对其中一个参考帧的全局运动矢量,或者根据相对全部参考帧或者部分参考帧的全局运动矢量按照预定的公式(例如取平均、取近帧、取远帧等)进行计算得到。对于该非关键帧,计算得到其GMV i-1后,可以使用第三指定公式(3’)进行后续加权全局运动矢量GMV weighted的计算。
在另一可能的实现方式中,上述根据候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量,可以包括:
根据预设的规则,从候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量中选取部分图像帧的全局运动矢量;
对选取的部分图像帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
其中,预设的规则例如可以是在n个GMV中选取靠近当前待编码关键帧的m个GMV(m<n),或者是在n个GMV中选取奇数GMV,或者 是在n个GMV中选取偶数GMV等。
在一可能的实现方式中,量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移值;
相应地,步骤S103中根据初始量化参数与量化参数偏移量确定用于对当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数,可以包括:
将初始量化参数(QP0)加上量化参数偏移值(QP_offset),得到当前待编码关键帧的量化参数(QP)。
上述量化参数偏移值例如可以通过表1所示的加权全局运动矢量(GMV weighted)和量化参数偏移量(QP_offset)的对应关系来确定。
条件 QP_offset
GMV weighted<=10 -4
10<GMV weighted<=20 -3
20<GMV weighted<=40 -2
40<GMV weighted<=100 -1
GMV weighted>100 0
表1
表1中,GMV weighted<10时表示视频内容的运动非常轻微,I帧对于后续P帧的参考意义很大,此时降低QP_offset的值可以将多数比特用于提升I帧质量,有利于提高整个周期(即I帧所在的图像组)的质量;当GMV weighted>100时表示视频内容的运动非常剧烈,I帧对于后续P帧的参考意义很小,此时相对增大QP_offset的值可以将较少的比特用于I帧编码(但I帧质量一般不会差于后续第一个P帧),有利于提高后续P帧编码的质量。
在确定了量化参数偏移值后,可以采用如下的公式(4)计算当前待编码关键帧的量化参数(QP)。
QP=QP0+QP_offset   (4)
在另一可能的实现方式中,量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移系数;
相应地,步骤S103中根据初始量化参数与量化参数偏移量确定用于对当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数,可以包括:
将初始量化参数乘以量化参数偏移系数,得到当前待编码关键帧的量化参数。
上述量化参数偏移系数例如可以通过表2所示的加权全局运动矢量(GMV weighted)和量化参数偏移量(QP_offset)的对应关系来确定。
条件 QP_offset
GMV weighted<=n1 0.7
n1<GMV weighted<=n2 0.75
n3<GMV weighted<=n4 0.8
n4<GMV weighted<=n5 0.9
GMV weighted>n6 1
表2
表2中,GMV weighted<n1时表示视频内容的运动非常轻微,I帧对于后续P帧的参考意义很大,此时降低QP_offset的值可以将多数比特用于提升I帧质量,有利于提高整个周期(即I帧所在的图像组)的质量;当GMV weighted>n6时表示视频内容的运动非常剧烈,I帧对于后续P帧的参考意义很小,此时相对增大QP_offset的值可以将较少的比特用于I帧编码(但I帧质量一般不会差于后续第一个P帧),有利于提高后续P帧编码的质量。
在确定了量化参数偏移系数后,可以采用如下的公式(5)计算当前待编码关键帧的量化参数(QP)。
QP=QP0*QP_offset   (5)
基于同一发明构思,参见图8,本发明实施例提供的一种视频编码装置,包括:量化参数计算模块11、偏移量确定模块12和修正模块13。
其中,量化参数计算模块11,用于确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧(简称当前待编码关键帧)的初始量化参数;
偏移量确定模块12,用于确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
修正模块13,用于根据初始量化参数与量化参数偏移量确定用于对当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
在一可能的实现方式中,量化参数计算模块11可以用于:
计算当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数;
根据目标比特数和当前待编码关键帧的总像素个数,确定当前待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
在一可能的实现方式中,量化参数计算模块11可以用于:
获取预配置的目标码率和帧率;
根据目标码率和帧率计算当前待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数。
在一可能的实现方式中,量化参数计算模块11可以用于:
按照上述的第一指定公式(1)对目标码率和帧率进行运算,得到目标比特数。
在一可能的实现方式中,量化参数计算模块11可以用于:
按照上述的第二指定公式(2)对目标比特数和当前待编码关键帧的总像素个数进行运算,得到当前待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
在一可能的实现方式中,偏移量确定模块12可以用于:
确定候选编码图像组;
确定候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量;
根据候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
其中,候选编码图像组为当前待编码图像组和/或为当前待编码图像组的前至少一个编码图像组。
在一可能的实现方式中,偏移量确定模块12可以用于:
根据图像帧相对于前向参考帧的全局运动矢量和/或图像帧相对于后向参考帧的全局运动矢量,确定该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
在一可能的实现方式中,偏移量确定模块12可以用于:
针对任意一个图像帧,计算该图像帧相对于其参考图像帧的运动矢量, 作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
在另一可能的实现方式中,偏移量确定模块12可以用于:
针对任意一个图像帧,将该图像帧分成多个区域,计算该图像帧中每一个区域相对于其参考图像帧中对应区域的运动矢量,再将该图像帧中每一个区域的运动矢量的绝对值的均值作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
在一可能的实现方式中,偏移量确定模块12可以用于:
根据候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量;
根据预设的加权全局运动矢量和量化参数偏移量的对应关系,确定当前待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
在一可能的实现方式中,偏移量确定模块12可以用于:
对候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
在一可能的实现方式中,偏移量确定模块12可以用于:
根据预设的规则,从候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量中选取部分图像帧的全局运动矢量;
对选取的部分图像帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到当前待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
在一可能的实现方式中,上述图像帧的全局运动矢量的加权权重与该图像帧与当前待编码关键帧的间隔可以设置成负相关关系。
在一可能的实现方式中,量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移值;
修正模块13可以用于:
将初始量化参数加上量化参数偏移值,得到当前待编码关键帧的量化参数。
在一可能的实现方式中,量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移系数;
修正模块13可以用于:
将初始量化参数乘以量化参数偏移系数,得到当前待编码关键帧的量化 参数。
上述装置中各个单元的功能和作用的实现过程具体详见上述方法中对应步骤的实现过程,在此不再赘述。
对于装置实施例而言,由于其基本对应于方法实施例,所以相关之处参见方法实施例的部分说明即可。以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的,其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本发明方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性劳动的情况下,即可以理解并实施。
基于同一发明构思,本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,该程序被处理器执行时实现现上述任意可能的实现方式中的视频编码方法的步骤。
可选地,该存储介质具体可以为存储器。
基于同一发明构思,参见图9,本发明实施例还提供了一种电子设备,包括存储器71(例如非易失性存储器)、处理器72及存储在存储器71上并可在处理器72上运行的计算机程序,处理器72执行所述程序时实现上述任意可能的实现方式中的视频编码方法的步骤。该电子设备例如可以为视频编码器。
如图9所示,该电子设备一般还可以包括:内存73、网络接口74、以及内部总线75。除了这些部件外,还可以包括其他硬件,对此不再赘述。
需要指出的是,上述视频编码装置可以通过软件实现,其作为一个逻辑意义上的装置,是通过其所在的电子设备的处理器72将非易失性存储器中存储的计算机程序指令读取到内存73中运行形成的。
本说明书中描述的主题及功能操作的实施例可以在以下中实现:有形体现的计算机软件或固件、包括本说明书中公开的结构及其结构性等同物的计算机硬件、或者它们中的一个或多个的组合。本说明书中描述的主题的实施 例可以实现为一个或多个计算机程序,即编码在有形非暂时性程序载体上以被数据处理装置执行或控制数据处理装置的操作的计算机程序指令中的一个或多个模块。可替代地或附加地,程序指令可以被编码在人工生成的传播信号上,例如机器生成的电、光或电磁信号,该信号被生成以将信息编码并传输到合适的接收机装置以由数据处理装置执行。计算机存储介质可以是机器可读存储设备、机器可读存储基板、随机或串行存取存储器设备、或它们中的一个或多个的组合。
本说明书中描述的处理及逻辑流程可以由执行一个或多个计算机程序的一个或多个可编程计算机执行,以通过根据输入数据进行操作并生成输出来执行相应的功能。所述处理及逻辑流程还可以由专用逻辑电路—例如FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)或ASIC(专用集成电路)来执行,并且装置也可以实现为专用逻辑电路。
适合用于执行计算机程序的计算机包括,例如通用和/或专用微处理器,或任何其他类型的中央处理单元。通常,中央处理单元将从只读存储器和/或随机存取存储器接收指令和数据。计算机的基本组件包括用于实施或执行指令的中央处理单元以及用于存储指令和数据的一个或多个存储器设备。通常,计算机还将包括用于存储数据的一个或多个大容量存储设备,例如磁盘、磁光盘或光盘等,或者计算机将可操作地与此大容量存储设备耦接以从其接收数据或向其传送数据,抑或两种情况兼而有之。然而,计算机不是必须具有这样的设备。此外,计算机可以嵌入在另一设备中,例如移动电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、移动音频或视频播放器、游戏操纵台、全球定位系统(GPS)接收机、或例如通用串行总线(USB)闪存驱动器的便携式存储设备,仅举几例。
适合于存储计算机程序指令和数据的计算机可读介质包括所有形式的非易失性存储器、媒介和存储器设备,例如包括半导体存储器设备(例如EPROM、EEPROM和闪存设备)、磁盘(例如内部硬盘或可移动盘)、磁光盘以及CD ROM和DVD-ROM盘。处理器和存储器可由专用逻辑电路补充或并入专用逻 辑电路中。
虽然本说明书包含许多具体实施细节,但是这些不应被解释为限制任何发明的范围或所要求保护的范围,而是主要用于描述特定发明的具体实施例的特征。本说明书内在多个实施例中描述的某些特征也可以在单个实施例中被组合实施。另一方面,在单个实施例中描述的各种特征也可以在多个实施例中分开实施或以任何合适的子组合来实施。此外,虽然特征可以如上所述在某些组合中起作用并且甚至最初如此要求保护,但是来自所要求保护的组合中的一个或多个特征在一些情况下可以从该组合中去除,并且所要求保护的组合可以指向子组合或子组合的变型。
类似地,虽然在附图中以特定顺序描绘了操作,但是这不应被理解为要求这些操作以所示的特定顺序执行或顺次执行、或者要求所有例示的操作被执行,以实现期望的结果。在某些情况下,多任务和并行处理可能是有利的。此外,上述实施例中的各种系统模块和组件的分离不应被理解为在所有实施例中均需要这样的分离,并且应当理解,所描述的程序组件和系统通常可以一起集成在单个软件产品中,或者封装成多个软件产品。
由此,主题的特定实施例已被描述。其他实施例在所附权利要求书的范围以内。在某些情况下,权利要求书中记载的动作可以以不同的顺序执行并且仍实现期望的结果。此外,附图中描绘的处理并非必需所示的特定顺序或顺次顺序,以实现期望的结果。在某些实现中,多任务和并行处理可能是有利的。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明保护的范围之内。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种视频编码方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数;
    确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
    根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数,包括:
    计算所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数;
    根据所述目标比特数和所述待编码关键帧的总像素个数,确定所述待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述计算所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数包括:
    获取预配置的目标码率和帧率;
    根据所述目标码率和所述帧率计算所述目标比特数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据目标码率和帧率计算目标比特数包括:
    按照第一指定公式对目标码率和帧率进行运算,得到目标比特数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一指定公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-100001
    其中,targetBits为目标比特数,targetBitrate为目标码率,frameRate为帧率。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述目标比特数和所述待编码关键帧的总像素个数,确定所述待编码关键帧的初始量化参数包括:
    按照第二指定公式对所述目标比特数和所述待编码关键帧的总像素个数 进行运算,得到所述待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二指定公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-100002
    其中,numOfPixel为待编码关键帧的总像素个数,α、β为常数。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量,包括:
    确定候选编码图像组;
    确定所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量;
    根据所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述候选编码图像组为当前待编码图像组和/或为当前待编码图像组的前至少一个编码图像组。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,确定图像帧的全局运动矢量包括:
    根据图像帧相对于前向参考帧的全局运动矢量和/或图像帧相对于后向参考帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述图像帧的全局运动矢量。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,确定图像帧的全局运动矢量包括:
    针对任意一个图像帧,计算该图像帧相对于其参考图像帧的运动矢量,作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量;或者
    针对任意一个图像帧,将该图像帧分成多个区域,计算该图像帧中每一个区域相对于其参考图像帧中对应区域的运动矢量,再将该图像帧中每一个区域的运动矢量的绝对值的均值作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述待编 码关键帧的量化参数偏移量,包括:
    根据所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量;
    根据预设的加权全局运动矢量和量化参数偏移量的对应关系,确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量,包括:
    对所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述根据所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量,包括:
    根据预设的规则,从所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量中选取部分图像帧的全局运动矢量;
    对选取的所述部分图像帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
  15. 根据权利要求13或14所述的方法,其特征在于,所述图像帧的全局运动矢量的加权权重与该图像帧与所述待编码关键帧的间隔成负相关关系。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移值;
    所述根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数,包括:
    将所述初始量化参数加上所述量化参数偏移值,得到所述待编码关键帧的量化参数。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移系数;
    所述根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数,包括:
    将所述初始量化参数乘以所述量化参数偏移系数,得到所述待编码关键帧的量化参数。
  18. 一种视频编码装置,其特征在于,所述装置包括:
    量化参数计算模块,用于确定当前待编码图像组中待编码关键帧的初始量化参数;
    偏移量确定模块,用于确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量;
    修正模块,用于根据所述初始量化参数与所述量化参数偏移量确定用于对所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的量化参数。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,所述量化参数计算模块用于:
    计算所述待编码关键帧进行视频编码的目标比特数;
    根据所述目标比特数和所述待编码关键帧的总像素个数,确定所述待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述量化参数计算模块用于:
    获取预配置的目标码率和帧率;
    根据所述目标码率和所述帧率计算所述目标比特数。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置,其特征在于,所述量化参数计算模块用于:
    按照第一指定公式对目标码率和帧率进行运算,得到目标比特数。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一指定公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-100003
    其中,targetBits为目标比特数,targetBitrate为目标码率,frameRate为帧率。
  23. 根据权利要求19所述的装置,其特征在于,所述量化参数计算模块用于:
    按照第二指定公式对所述目标比特数和所述待编码关键帧的总像素个数进行运算,得到所述待编码关键帧的初始量化参数。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第二指定公式为:
    Figure PCTCN2018097668-appb-100004
    其中,numOfPixel为待编码关键帧的总像素个数,α、β为常数。
  25. 根据权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,所述偏移量确定模块用于:
    确定候选编码图像组;
    确定所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量;
    根据所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置,其特征在于,所述候选编码图像组为当前待编码图像组和/或为当前待编码图像组的前至少一个编码图像组。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的装置,其特征在于,所述偏移量确定模块用于:
    根据图像帧相对于前向参考帧的全局运动矢量和/或图像帧相对于后向参考帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述图像帧的全局运动矢量。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的装置,其特征在于,所述偏移量确定模块用于:
    针对任意一个图像帧,计算该图像帧相对于其参考图像帧的运动矢量,作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量;或者
    针对任意一个图像帧,将该图像帧分成多个区域,计算该图像帧中每一个区域相对于其参考图像帧中对应区域的运动矢量,再将该图像帧中每一个 区域的运动矢量的绝对值的均值作为该图像帧的全局运动矢量。
  29. 根据权利要求25所述的装置,其特征在于,所述偏移量确定模块用于:
    根据所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量,确定所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量;
    根据预设的加权全局运动矢量和量化参数偏移量的对应关系,确定所述待编码关键帧的量化参数偏移量。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的装置,其特征在于,所述偏移量确定模块用于:
    对所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
  31. 根据权利要求29所述的装置,其特征在于,所述偏移量确定模块用于:
    根据预设的规则,从所述候选编码图像组中关键帧的全局运动矢量和非关键帧的全局运动矢量中选取部分图像帧的全局运动矢量;
    对选取的所述部分图像帧的全局运动矢量进行加权求和,得到所述待编码关键帧对应的加权全局运动矢量。
  32. 根据权利要求30或31所述的装置,其特征在于,所述图像帧的全局运动矢量的加权权重与该图像帧与所述待编码关键帧的间隔成负相关关系。
  33. 根据权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,所述量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移值;
    所述修正模块用于:
    将所述初始量化参数加上所述量化参数偏移值,得到所述待编码关键帧的量化参数。
  34. 根据权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,所述量化参数偏移量为量化参数偏移系数;
    所述修正模块用于:
    将所述初始量化参数乘以所述量化参数偏移系数,得到所述待编码关键帧的量化参数。
  35. 一种计算机可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-17任一项所述方法的步骤。
  36. 一种电子设备,包括存储器、处理器及存储在存储器上并可在处理器上运行的计算机程序,其特征在于,所述处理器执行所述程序时实现权利要求1-17任一项所述方法的步骤。
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