WO2020020035A1 - 一种制冷设备 - Google Patents

一种制冷设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020020035A1
WO2020020035A1 PCT/CN2019/096380 CN2019096380W WO2020020035A1 WO 2020020035 A1 WO2020020035 A1 WO 2020020035A1 CN 2019096380 W CN2019096380 W CN 2019096380W WO 2020020035 A1 WO2020020035 A1 WO 2020020035A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cold
medium
exchange device
cooling
capacity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/096380
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
肖家华
苏东波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Piedmont Scientific Zhuhai Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Piedmont Scientific Zhuhai Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Piedmont Scientific Zhuhai Co Ltd filed Critical Piedmont Scientific Zhuhai Co Ltd
Priority to JP2021527269A priority Critical patent/JP7085255B2/ja
Priority to US17/250,431 priority patent/US12303180B2/en
Priority to EP19841708.1A priority patent/EP3827772B1/en
Publication of WO2020020035A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020020035A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/40—Fluid line arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00005—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe
    • A61B2018/00011—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids
    • A61B2018/00023—Cooling or heating of the probe or tissue immediately surrounding the probe with fluids closed, i.e. without wound contact by the fluid
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
    • A61B2018/00577—Ablation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
    • A61B2018/0212—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques using an instrument inserted into a body lumen, e.g. catheter
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/02—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by cooling, e.g. cryogenic techniques
    • A61B2018/0231—Characteristics of handpieces or probes
    • A61B2018/0262—Characteristics of handpieces or probes using a circulating cryogenic fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/14—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle
    • F25B9/145—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the cycle used, e.g. Stirling cycle pulse-tube cycle
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of refrigeration technology, and in particular, to a refrigeration device.
  • Refrigeration equipment is widely used in various fields, such as air conditioners, refrigerators, cold chain logistics, medical equipment, etc.
  • a cold capacity generating device such as a compressor
  • a set of cold medium circulation system to conduct the cold capacity to the receiver.
  • the cold object On the cold object.
  • many fields have put forward higher requirements for the cooling capacity utilization, quietness, volume and other parameters of refrigeration equipment.
  • the cryoablation device generally includes two parts: a host and a cryoballoon. Internally, the host passes the cold-loaded medium from the catheter into the freezing balloon to cool it, and then freezes and ablates the targeted tissue.
  • cryoablation requires a cold head temperature of about -60 ° C, and considering the amount of cold loss in the process, the temperature of the cold carrier needs to be at least -100 ° C in order to successfully perform cryoablation.
  • Refrigeration equipment makes it difficult for the cooling medium to reach this temperature. If the method of increasing the power of the refrigerator is adopted, it will be limited by the limited space in the operating room, and it will be difficult to meet the requirements of a quiet environment in the operating room. Therefore, the refrigerating equipment in the prior art has difficulty in meeting the requirements of the cold-use components such as the refrigeration balloon due to the low utilization of the cold capacity, and it is difficult to reach the low temperature required by such cold-use components.
  • the technical problem to be solved in the present application is to overcome the defect that the refrigeration equipment in the prior art has a low utilization rate of the cooling capacity and cannot reach the low temperature required by the cooling capacity using components, thereby providing a higher utilization ratio of the cooling capacity. Refrigeration equipment.
  • a refrigeration device includes:
  • the medium supply pipeline one end communicates with the medium storage tank, and the other end communicates with the liquid inlet of the cold-use component;
  • One end of the medium recovery pipeline is in communication with the medium storage tank, and the other end is in communication with the liquid outlet of the cold-use component;
  • Cold capacity generating device for providing cold capacity
  • a first cooling capacity exchange device is installed on the medium supply pipeline, the cooling capacity generating device provides cooling capacity to the first cooling capacity exchange device, and the first cooling capacity exchange device is configured to pass through the first cooling capacity. Refrigerating and heat-exchanging the cooling medium in the heat exchange device;
  • a second cold quantity exchange device has a hot fluid channel installed on the medium supply pipeline and a cold fluid channel installed on the medium recovery pipeline, and a cold quantity is generated between the cold fluid channel and the hot fluid channel Exchange to pre-cool the cold carrier medium flowing through the hot fluid channel;
  • the hot fluid channel is connected between the medium storage tank and the first cold energy exchange device.
  • the refrigeration equipment further includes:
  • a bypass pipe which is in communication with the medium supply pipeline and the medium recovery pipeline, and makes the medium supply pipeline and the medium recovery pipeline form a pre-cooling circuit of a serial medium storage tank and a first cold exchange device;
  • bypass pipe and the medium supply pipeline communicate with each other through a first three-way valve.
  • the refrigeration equipment further includes:
  • the cold storage device is installed on the medium recovery pipeline and communicates with the first cold capacity exchange device by a bypass pipe, and is suitable for storing the cold quantity flowing out of the first cold capacity exchange device.
  • the refrigeration equipment further includes:
  • the heat insulation device has a heat insulation cavity adapted to reduce or isolate heat conduction from the outside, and the cold output ends of the first cold energy exchange device, the second cold energy exchange device, the cold storage device, and the cold energy generation device are located in the heat insulation device. Hot cavity.
  • the heat insulation device is a box, and the vacuum insulation device connected to the heat insulation cavity is installed on the heat insulation device.
  • the heat insulation device is a box body, and the heat insulation cavity is filled with a heat insulation substance.
  • the refrigeration equipment further includes a rewarming circuit, which is used to transport the cold medium in the medium storage tank to the liquid inlet end of the cold use element.
  • the rewarming circuit includes:
  • the medium inlet end of the reheating pipe is connected to a side installed on the medium supply pipeline without entering the first cold capacity exchange device by using a second three-way valve.
  • the refrigerating device further includes a re-warming circuit, which is used to heat the cooling medium in the storage tank and transport it to the liquid inlet of the cold-use component.
  • a re-warming circuit which is used to heat the cooling medium in the storage tank and transport it to the liquid inlet of the cold-use component.
  • the rewarming circuit includes:
  • Reheating tube with heating device connected in series;
  • the liquid inlet end of the rewarming tube is connected to the upstream of the liquid inlet of the hot fluid channel by a second three-way valve.
  • the rewarming circuit further includes:
  • the reheating return line is used to connect the liquid discharge end of the cold use element with the liquid return port of the medium storage tank.
  • the rewarming return pipeline includes:
  • the reheating return pipe is connected at both ends with the medium recovery pipe and is connected in parallel with the second cooling capacity exchange device;
  • the liquid inlet end of the rewarming return pipe is connected to the medium supply pipeline by a third three-way valve.
  • the refrigeration equipment further includes:
  • the heat insulation device has a heat insulation cavity adapted to reduce or isolate heat conduction from the outside, and the cold output ends of the first cold energy exchange device, the second cold energy exchange device, the cold storage device, and the cold energy generation device are located in the heat insulation device. Hot cavity
  • the rewarming return pipe is located outside the heat insulation device.
  • a pumping device is connected in series to the medium supply line or the medium recovery line, and the pumping device is adapted to provide power for the flow of the cold carrier medium.
  • the refrigeration equipment provided in this application includes a medium storage tank, a medium supply pipeline, a medium recovery pipeline, a cold capacity generating device, a first cold capacity exchange device, and a second cold capacity exchange device.
  • the medium storage tank stores the cold medium; one end of the medium supply pipeline is connected to the medium storage tank, and the other end is suitable for communicating with the liquid inlet of the cold-use component; one end of the medium recovery pipeline is connected to the medium storage tank, and the other end is suitable It is in communication with the liquid discharge end of the cold capacity using element; the cold capacity generating device is used to provide the cold capacity; a first cold capacity exchange device is installed on the medium supply pipeline, and the cold capacity generating device is provided to the first cold capacity exchange device; Provides cooling capacity.
  • the first cooling capacity exchange device is used for refrigerating and heat-exchanging the cooling medium passing through the first cooling capacity exchange device.
  • the second cooling capacity exchange device has a cooling medium installed on the medium supply pipeline.
  • the hot fluid channel is connected between the medium storage tank and the first cold energy exchange device.
  • the medium supply pipeline, the medium recovery pipeline, the liquid inlets of the cooling capacity using elements, and the cooling medium are circulated.
  • the cooling capacity generated at the cooling capacity generating device is circulated. It is sent to the medium supply pipeline through the first cold capacity exchange device, and then to the cold capacity using component. After the cold capacity is released, it flows back to the medium recovery pipeline. At this time, the cold medium still has some cold capacity.
  • the cooling medium flows through the medium recovery pipeline, due to the existence of the second cooling capacity exchange device, the remaining cooling capacity in the cooling medium will be conducted to the cooling medium in the medium supply pipeline through the second cooling capacity exchange device. In this case, the cooling medium at the place is cooled in advance.
  • the second cooling capacity exchange device since the second cooling capacity exchange device is located upstream of the first cooling capacity exchange device on the medium supply pipeline, the temperature of the cold medium in the medium supply pipeline is higher than the temperature in the medium recovery pipeline. Therefore, it is possible to ensure that the cold amount is conducted from the medium recovery pipeline to the medium supply pipeline.
  • the residual cooling capacity of the cooling medium in the medium recovery pipeline can pre-cool the cooling medium, reduce the initial temperature of the cooling medium when it enters the first cooling capacity exchange device, and then at the same cooling capacity exchange capacity In the case of this, the pre-cooled cooling medium can reach a lower temperature, improve the utilization efficiency of the cooling capacity, and meet the low temperature requirements of the cooling capacity components.
  • the refrigeration equipment provided in this application further includes a bypass pipe, which is in communication with the medium supply pipe and the medium recovery pipe, and forms the medium supply pipe and the medium recovery pipe into a serial medium storage tank. And a pre-cooling circuit of the first cooling capacity exchange device; and the bypass pipe and the medium supply pipeline communicate with each other through a first three-way valve.
  • By-pass pipe can be used to pre-cool the refrigerant before it enters the cold-use component. After the cooling medium comes out of the medium storage tank in the pre-cooling stage, it flows through the medium supply pipeline and the first cold-swap exchange in order. Device, bypass pipe and media recovery line, and finally return to the media storage tank.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium is reduced, and the initial temperature is lower in the cold-use component.
  • the temperature of the first cold-exchange device is reduced, it is easier to reach the low temperature required by the cold-use device. Therefore, this can further improve the utilization efficiency of the refrigeration equipment for the cooling capacity.
  • the refrigeration equipment provided in this application further includes a cold storage device, which is installed on the medium recovery pipeline and communicates with the first cold capacity exchange device by a bypass pipe, which is suitable for storing the cold quantity flowing out of the first cold capacity exchange device. .
  • the cold storage device can store a part of the cooling capacity brought by the cold-storage medium. These stored cold quantities can pre-cool the cold-storage medium flowing out of the cold-storage element, so that the second cold-storage exchange device The temperature difference between the cold fluid channel and the hot fluid channel increases, increasing the cold exchange rate at the second cold energy exchange device, thereby further reducing the temperature of the cold medium in the medium supply pipeline.
  • the medium can reach a lower temperature after being finally cooled by the first cooling capacity exchange device. Therefore, this action can further reduce the minimum temperature that can be achieved by the refrigeration equipment, and can further improve the utilization efficiency of cooling capacity and reduce the waste of cooling capacity.
  • the refrigeration equipment provided by the present application further comprises a heat insulation device, the heat insulation device having a heat insulation cavity adapted to reduce or isolate heat conduction from the outside, the first cooling capacity exchange device and the second cooling capacity
  • the cold output terminals of the exchange device, cold storage device and cold capacity generating device are located in the heat insulation cavity.
  • the use of the heat insulation device can avoid the loss of cold energy during the cold energy exchange process, and at the same time, the heat storage device has a better thermal insulation effect, and avoids the loss of cold energy during the cold energy storage device's cold energy storage process.
  • the heat insulation device is a box body, and the vacuum insulation device connected to the heat insulation cavity is installed on the heat insulation device.
  • the heat insulation cavity close to the vacuum state can further reduce the loss rate of the cooling capacity, so that the refrigeration equipment can further improve the utilization efficiency of the cooling capacity.
  • the refrigerating equipment provided by the present application further includes a re-warming circuit, which is used to heat the cooling medium in the storage tank and transport it to the liquid inlet of the cold-use component.
  • the cold-use component needs to be heated.
  • the re-warming circuit provided in this application can heat the cold-loading medium and deliver it to the targeted tissue through the catheter.
  • This individually set re-warming circuit can not only meet the needs of the cold-use component for re-warming, but also has a very It is conducive to more precise control of the temperature, course and time of rewarming, thereby improving the surgical cure rate and reducing postoperative complications.
  • the re-warming circuit includes a re-warming pipe, and the re-warming pipe is connected with a heating device in series; the liquid inlet end of the re-warming pipe uses a second three-way valve to enter the The fluid inlet of the hot fluid channel is connected upstream.
  • the reheating tube is connected in parallel with the first cooling capacity exchange device and the second cooling capacity exchange device.
  • the pipes are independent of the pipes used for cooling.
  • the residual cooling capacity of the first cooling capacity exchange device and the second cooling capacity exchange device can be prevented from disturbing the heating process of the refrigerant during the reheating stage, reducing the interference factors of the rewarming process, and making the control of the rewarming process more convenient. control.
  • the rewarming circuit further includes a rewarming return line, and the rewarming return line is used to communicate the liquid outlet end of the cold-use component with the liquid return port of the medium storage tank.
  • Separate reheating return pipeline can make the rewarming process form a separate rewarming circuit consisting of a medium storage tank, rewarming pipe, cold energy use element, and rewarming return pipe, which can further reduce the interference during the rewarming process. Factors to make the rewarming process control more precise.
  • the refrigeration equipment provided by the present application further includes a heat insulation device, the heat insulation device having a heat insulation cavity adapted to reduce or isolate heat conduction from the outside, the first cooling capacity exchange device and the second cooling capacity
  • the cold output terminals of the exchange device, the cold storage device and the cold capacity generating device are located in the heat insulation cavity; and the reheating return pipe is outside the heat insulation device. After the reheating return pipe is set outside the heat insulation device, the reheating return pipe can be used to avoid taking away the cooling capacity of the cold storage device or the second cooling capacity exchange device when transferring the reheated cooling medium, thereby increasing the cooling capacity. Utilization.
  • the refrigeration equipment provided by the present application can improve the utilization efficiency of the cooling capacity, and also has the advantage of accurate control of the reheating process.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a refrigeration device provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cooling medium flow direction of the refrigeration equipment shown in FIG. 1 in a pre-cooling stage;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cooling medium flow direction of the refrigeration equipment shown in FIG. 1 during a cooling stage;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cooling medium flow direction of the refrigerating equipment shown in FIG. 1 during a rewarming stage;
  • Embodiment 1 of the present application provides a refrigeration device that can be used to refrigerate the cold head 8 in a cryoablation device, but is not limited to the application in cryoablation.
  • the refrigeration equipment provided by the present application can also be used for pre-cooling, refrigerating, and re-warming other equipment with cold-use components, such as refrigerators, air conditioners, and cold-chain logistics vehicles.
  • cold-use components such as refrigerators, air conditioners, and cold-chain logistics vehicles.
  • the description will be made only when the cold-use element is the cold head 8 of the cryoablation device.
  • This embodiment includes a medium storage tank 1, a medium supply pipeline 2, a medium recovery pipeline 3, a cold capacity generating device 4, a first cold capacity exchange device 5, and a second cold capacity exchange device 6.
  • the medium storage tank 1 stores cold-loaded medium; one end of the medium supply pipeline 2 is in communication with the medium storage tank 1 and the other end is suitable for communicating with the liquid inlet end of the cold-use component; one end of the medium recovery pipeline 3 is connected to the medium storage tank 1 The other end is suitable for communicating with the liquid output end of the cooling capacity using element; the cooling capacity generating device 4 is used to provide the cooling capacity; the first cooling capacity exchange device 5 is installed on the medium supply pipe 2, and the cooling capacity generating device 4 provides a cold capacity to the first cold capacity exchange device 5, the first cold capacity exchange device 5 is used for refrigerating and exchanging a cooling medium passing through the first cold capacity exchange device 5;
  • the quantity exchange device 6 has a hot fluid channel installed on the medium supply pipeline 2 and a cold fluid channel installed on the medium recovery pipeline 3, and a cold is generated between
  • the medium supply pipeline 2, the medium recovery pipeline 3, the duct 7 and the cold head 8 of the freezing and ablation system are used to circulate the cooling medium, and during the flow, the cold generating device 4
  • the generated cold energy is delivered to the medium supply pipeline 2 through the first cold energy exchange device 5 and then delivered to the human body through the catheter 7 to perform freeze ablation of the targeted tissue and carry the supercooled heat exchange with the targeted tissue.
  • the medium then flows from the duct 7 into the medium recovery pipeline 3, and at this time, the cooling medium still has a part of the cooling capacity.
  • the cooling medium flows through the medium recovery pipeline 3, due to the Existing, the remaining cooling capacity in the cooling medium will be conducted to the cooling medium in the medium supply pipeline 2 through the second cooling capacity exchange device 6, so that the cooling medium there will be cooled in advance.
  • the second cooling capacity exchanging device 6 since the second cooling capacity exchanging device 6 is located upstream of the first cooling capacity exchanging device 5 on the medium supply line 2, the temperature of the cooling medium in the medium supply line 2 is higher than that of the medium recovery.
  • the temperature in the pipeline 3 can ensure that the cold energy is conducted from the medium recovery pipeline 3 to the medium supply pipeline 2.
  • the residual cooling capacity of the cooling medium in the medium recovery pipeline 3 can be used to pre-cool the cooling medium, reduce the initial temperature of the cooling medium when it enters the first cooling capacity exchange device 5, and further reduce In the case of exchange volume, the pre-cooled cooling medium can reach a lower temperature, which makes it more likely that the freezing and ablation method that directly cools normal pressure liquids will reach the temperature required for freezing and ablation, and Can improve the utilization efficiency of cooling capacity.
  • the cold quantity generating device 4 in this embodiment is a miniature ultra-low temperature refrigerator capable of providing a cold source below -120 ° C, which may be in the form of a pulse tube, Stirling, mixed refrigerant throttling, thermal sound, etc. It can be one or more. When multiple units work together, the joint mode can be series or parallel.
  • the cooling medium in this embodiment is a liquid whose freezing point is lower than -90 ° C, such as medical ethanol.
  • a bypass pipe 9 is further included.
  • the bypass pipe 9 is in communication with the medium supply pipe 2 and the medium recovery pipe 3, and makes the medium supply pipe 2 and The medium recovery pipeline 3 forms a pre-cooling circuit of the serial medium storage tank 1 and the first cold capacity exchange device 5; and the bypass pipe 9 and the medium supply pipeline 2 communicate with each other through a first three-way valve 10.
  • By-pass pipe 9 can be used to allow the refrigerant to pass into the human body for pre-freezing before freezing and ablation.
  • the cooling medium flows out of the medium storage tank 1 and flows through the medium supply pipeline 2 and A cooling capacity exchange device 5, a bypass pipe 9 and a medium recovery pipeline 3 are finally returned to the medium storage tank 1.
  • the temperature of the cooling medium is reduced, and it has a lower initial temperature when entering the freezing and ablation stage.
  • the temperature of the first cooling capacity exchange device 5 is reduced, it is easier to reach the low temperature required for freezing and ablation. Therefore, this action can further increase the possibility that the refrigeration equipment is a cooling medium that reaches the temperature required for cryoablation.
  • the refrigeration equipment further includes a cold storage device 11 installed on the medium recovery pipe 3 and communicating with the first cold capacity exchange device 5 by using a bypass pipe 9, which is suitable for storing the first cold capacity exchange device 5 out of the amount of cold.
  • the cold storage device 11 is specifically a box filled with a cold storage medium with a high specific heat capacity.
  • the medium recovery pipeline 3 passes through the cold storage device 11 and uses the side wall of the pipeline to generate cold energy with the cold storage medium in the cold storage device 11. exchange.
  • the cold storage device 11 can store a part of the cooling capacity brought by the cooling medium.
  • the cooling medium left from the human body can be pre-cooled, so that the first The temperature difference between the cold fluid passage and the hot fluid passage at the second cooling capacity exchange device 6 increases, and the cooling capacity exchange rate at the second cooling capacity exchange device 6 is increased, thereby further increasing the temperature of the cooling medium in the medium supply pipeline 2
  • the cold-loaded cooling medium that has been cooled in advance can reach a lower temperature after being finally cooled by the first cooling capacity exchange device 5. Therefore, this measure can further ensure that the refrigeration equipment can reach the low temperature required for freezing and ablation, and can further improve the utilization efficiency of the cooling capacity and reduce the waste of the cooling capacity.
  • a heat insulation device 12 is further provided.
  • the insulation device 12 has a heat insulation cavity 13 adapted to reduce or isolate heat conduction from the outside.
  • the cold output terminals of the exchange device 6, the cold storage device 11 and the cold capacity generating device 4 are located in the heat insulation cavity 13.
  • the use of the heat insulation device 12 can avoid the loss of cooling capacity during the cooling capacity exchange process, and at the same time, the thermal storage device 11 has a better thermal insulation effect, and avoid the loss of cooling capacity during the storage of the cooling capacity device 11.
  • the heat insulation device 12 is a box
  • the vacuum insulation device 14 is installed on the heat insulation device 12 and communicates with the heat insulation cavity 13.
  • the heat-insulating cavity 13 close to the vacuum state can further reduce the loss rate of the cooling capacity, so that the refrigeration equipment can further improve the utilization efficiency of the cooling capacity.
  • the evacuation device 14 is specifically a small vacuum pump.
  • the heat insulation device 12 is a box body, and the heat insulation cavity 13 is filled with a heat insulation substance.
  • a heat insulating material such as a polyurethane foam material or an aerogel can be used as the heat insulating material.
  • this embodiment further includes a rewarming circuit, which is used to heat the cold carrier medium in the storage tank and transport it to the freezing The liquid inlet end of the catheter 7 in the ablation device.
  • a rewarming circuit which is used to heat the cold carrier medium in the storage tank and transport it to the freezing
  • the liquid inlet end of the catheter 7 in the ablation device In cryoablation, the target tissue that has been frozen should be rewarmed.
  • the ideal rewarming process can improve the surgical effect of cryoablation and reduce the probability of postoperative complications.
  • the rewarming circuit provided in the present application can heat the cold carrier medium and deliver it to the targeted tissue through the catheter 7.
  • This separately set rewarming circuit can not only meet the needs of rewarming for cryoablation, but also has very It is conducive to more precise control of the temperature, course and time of rewarming, thereby improving the surgical cure rate and reducing postoperative complications.
  • the re-warming circuit includes a re-warming pipe 15 connected with a heating device 16 in series; a liquid inlet end of the re-warming pipe 15 uses a second three-way valve 17 and enters the hot fluid.
  • the inlet of the channel is connected upstream.
  • the reheating tube 15 is connected in parallel with the first cooling capacity exchange device 5 and the second cooling capacity exchange device 6.
  • the pipes used for heating the refrigerant are independent from the pipes used for cooling.
  • the rewarming circuit includes: a rewarming pipe 15; the medium inlet end of the rewarming pipe 15 uses a second three-way valve 17 and is installed on the medium supply pipe 2 The side that does not enter the first cooling capacity exchange device 5 is connected.
  • there is no series heating device on the rewarming circuit but only the uncooled cooling medium is passed into the duct to participate in the rewarming process, and the reheating is performed using the body's own heat. This makes the warming of the targeted tissues more gentle and reduces the damage to the healthy tissue by cryoablation.
  • the rewarming circuit further includes a rewarming return line, and the rewarming return line is used for returning the liquid from the outlet end of the catheter 7 in the freezing ablation device to the medium storage tank 1 Mouth connected.
  • a rewarming return line can make the rewarming process form a separate rewarming circuit consisting of a medium storage tank 1, a rewarming tube 15, a freezing ablation device, and a rewarming return line, which can further reduce the temperature during the rewarming process. Disturbance factors make the process control of rewarming more precise.
  • the rewarming return pipe includes a rewarming return pipe 18, both ends of which communicate with the medium recovery pipe 3 and are connected in parallel with the second cooling capacity exchange device 6.
  • the liquid inlet end of the rewarming return pipe 18 utilizes The third three-way valve 19 is connected to the medium supply line 2.
  • the reheating return pipe 18 is located outside the heat insulation device 12. After the reheating return pipe 18 is provided outside the heat insulation device 12, the rewarming return pipe 18 can be used to avoid the cold in the cold storage device 11 or the second cooling capacity exchange device 6 when transporting the reheated cooling medium. To increase the utilization of cooling capacity.
  • a pumping device 20 is connected in series to the medium supply pipeline 2 or the medium recovery pipeline 3, and the pumping device 20 is adapted to provide power for the flow of the cooling medium.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

一种制冷设备，包括介质存储罐（1）、介质供应管路（2）、介质回收管路（3）、冷量发生装置（4）、第一冷量交换装置（5）和第二冷量交换装置（6）。该制冷设备能提高对冷量的利用效率，同时还具有复温过程控制精准的优点。

Description

一种制冷设备
交叉引用
本申请要求于2018年7月23日递交的中国申请专利申请的优先权，申请号为201810812246.7，于2018年10月18日递交的中国申请专利申请的优先权，申请号为201811216757.9，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及制冷技术领域，具体涉及一种制冷设备。
背景技术
制冷设备广泛应用于各种领域中，例如空调、冰箱、冷链物流、医疗设备等，一般包含有压缩机一类的冷量发生装置，配合一套载冷介质循环系统将冷量传导至受冷客体上。随着技术的发展，很多领域对于制冷设备的冷量利用率、静音、体积等参数提出了更高的要求。
例如，在医疗器械领域内存在一种冷冻消融装置，冷冻消融设备一般包括主机和冷冻球囊两部分，主机冷冻球囊提供载冷介质，使用时将冷冻球囊安装在导管前端伸入到人体内部，主机将载冷介质从导管内通入到冷冻球囊内对其进行降温，进而对靶向组织进行冷冻消融。
由于冷冻消融术对冷头温度的要求一般在-60℃左右，而考虑到流程中的冷量损失，载冷的温度至少需达到-100℃才能顺利的进行冷冻消融术， 现有技术中的制冷设备很难使载冷介质达到这个温度。如果采用提高制冷机功率的方式，则会受制于手术室内有限的空间，并且很难满足手术室内静音环境的要求。因此，现有技术中的制冷设备由于对冷量的利用率低导致其难以满足诸如冷冻球囊等冷量使用元件的要求，难以达到此类冷量使用元件所需的低温。
发明内容
因此，本申请要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的制冷设备对于冷量的利用率低而无法达到冷量使用元件所需低温的缺陷，进而提供一种对冷量的利用率更高的制冷设备。
为了解决上述技术问题，本申请提供了的技术方案如下：
一种制冷设备，包括：
介质存储罐，其中存储有载冷介质；
介质供应管路，一端与介质存储罐连通，另一端与冷量使用元件的进液端连通；
介质回收管路，一端与介质存储罐连通，另一端与冷量使用元件的出液端连通；
冷量发生装置，用于提供冷量；
第一冷量交换装置，安装在介质供应管路上，所述冷量发生装置向所述第一冷量交换装置提供冷量，所述第一冷量交换装置用于对途经所述第一冷量交换装置内的载冷介质进行制冷换热；
还包括：
第二冷量交换装置，具有安装在所述介质供应管路上的热流体通道和安装在所述介质回收管路上的冷流体通道，所述冷流体通道与所述热流体 通道之间产生冷量交换，对流经所述热流体通道内的载冷介质进行预冷；
所述热流体通道连接在所述介质存储罐与所述第一冷量交换装置之间。
可选地，所述制冷设备还包括：
旁通管，所述旁通管与介质供应管路和介质回收管路相连通，并使介质供应管路和介质回收管路形成串联介质存储罐和第一冷量交换装置的预冷回路；
且所述旁通管与介质供应管路之间通过第一三通阀进行连通。
可选地，所述制冷设备还包括：
蓄冷装置，安装在介质回收管路上，利用旁通管与第一冷量交换装置相连通，适于存储第一冷量交换装置中流出的冷量。
可选地，所述制冷设备还包括：
隔热装置，具有适于降低或隔绝与外部的热量传导的隔热腔，所述第一冷量交换装置、第二冷量交换装置、蓄冷装置和冷量发生装置的冷量输出端位于隔热腔内。
可选地，所述隔热装置为箱体，所述隔热装置上安装有与隔热腔连通的抽真空装置。
可选地，所述隔热装置为箱体，所述隔热腔内填充有绝热物质。
可选地，所述制冷设备还包括复温回路，所述复温回路用于将所述介质存储罐中的载冷介质输送至冷量使用元件的进液端。
可选地，所述复温回路包括：
复温管；
所述复温管的介质进入端利用第二三通阀与安装在介质供应管路上未进入所述第一冷量交换装置的一侧相连。
可选地，所述制冷设备还包括复温回路，所述复温回路用于将所述存储罐中的载冷介质加热之后输送至冷量使用元件的进液端。
可选地，所述复温回路包括：
复温管，其上串联有升温装置；
所述复温管的进液端利用第二三通阀与进入所述热流体通道的进液口的上游相连。
可选地，所述复温回路还包括：
复温回流管路，用于将冷量使用元件的出液端与介质存储罐的回液口连通。
可选地，所述复温回流管路包括：
复温回流管，两端与介质回收管路连通，并与第二冷量交换装置相并联；
所述复温回流管的进液端利用第三三通阀与介质供应管路相连。
可选地，所述制冷设备还包括：
隔热装置，具有适于降低或隔绝与外部的热量传导的隔热腔，所述第一冷量交换装置、第二冷量交换装置、蓄冷装置和冷量发生装置的冷量输出端位于隔热腔内；
所述复温回流管处于隔热装置外部。
可选地，所述介质供应管路或所述介质回收管路上串联有泵送装置，所述泵送装置适于为载冷介质的流动提供动力。
本申请技术方案，具有如下优点：
1、本申请提供的制冷设备中，包括介质存储罐、介质供应管路、介质回收管路、冷量发生装置、第一冷量交换装置和第二冷量交换装置。介质存储罐中存储有载冷介质；介质供应管路一端与介质存储罐连通，另一端 适于与冷量使用元件的进液端连通；介质回收管路一端与介质存储罐连通，另一端适于与冷量使用元件的出液端连通；冷量发生装置用于提供冷量；第一冷量交换装置安装在介质供应管路上，所述冷量发生装置向所述第一冷量交换装置提供冷量，所述第一冷量交换装置用于对途经所述第一冷量交换装置内的载冷介质进行制冷换热；第二冷量交换装置具有安装在所述介质供应管路上的热流体通道和安装在所述介质回收管路上的冷流体通道，所述冷流体通道与所述热流体通道之间产生冷量交换，对流经所述热流体通道内的载冷介质进行预冷；所述热流体通道连接在所述介质存储罐与所述第一冷量交换装置之间。
在使用该制冷设备进行制冷时，利用介质供应管路、介质回收管路和冷量使用元件的进液口以及使载冷介质进行循环流动，流动过程中，冷量发生装置处生成的冷量通过第一冷量交换装置输送至介质供应管路上，进而输送至冷量使用元件上，冷量释放后从流回到介质回收管路中，此时的载冷介质仍然残存有部分冷量，随后载冷介质在流经介质回收管路时，由于第二冷量交换装置的存在，载冷介质中残存的冷量会通过第二冷量交换装置传导至介质供应管路内的载冷介质上，使该处的载冷介质预先降温。
上述过程中，由于第二冷量交换装置在介质供应管路上相对于第一冷量交换装置处于上游的位置，该处介质供应管路内的载冷介质温度高于介质回收管路内的温度，因而能够保证冷量自介质回收管路向介质供应管路传导。通过上述过程，介质回收管路内的载冷介质的残存冷量可以对载冷介质进行预降温，降低载冷介质进入第一冷量交换装置时的初始温度，进而在同样的冷量交换量的情况下，这种经过预降温的载冷介质可以达到更低的温度，提高对冷量的利用效率，满足冷量使用元件的低温需求。
2、本申请提供的制冷设备中，还包括旁通管，所述旁通管与介质供应 管路和介质回收管路相连通，并使介质供应管路和介质回收管路形成串联介质存储罐和第一冷量交换装置的预冷回路；且所述旁通管与介质供应管路之间通过第一三通阀进行连通。利用旁通管，可以使载冷剂通入到冷量使用元件之前先进行预冷，在预冷阶段载冷介质从介质存储罐中出来以后依次流经介质供应管路、第一冷量交换装置、旁通管和介质回收管路，并最终回到介质存储罐内。经过预冷后的载冷介质温度得到降低，在冷量使用元件中时具有更低的初始温度，再经过第一冷量交换装置的降温之后就更加容易达到冷量使用装置所需的低温。因此，此举能够进一步的提高该制冷设备对冷量的利用效率。
3、本申请提供的制冷设备中，还包括蓄冷装置，安装在介质回收管路上，利用旁通管与第一冷量交换装置相连通，适于存储第一冷量交换装置中流出的冷量。在预冷阶段，蓄冷装置能够存储一部分由载冷介质带来的冷量，这些存储的冷量能够对从冷量使用元件中流出的载冷介质进行预降温，使第二冷量交换装置处冷流体通道和热流体通道处的温差增大，提高第二冷量交换装置处的冷量交换速率，进而使介质供应管路中的载冷介质的温度进一步降低，这些经过预先降温的载冷介质经过第一冷量交换装置进行最终降温之后便可以达到更低的温度。因此，此举可以进一步降低本制冷设备能够达到的最低温度，并且能够进一步提高冷量的利用效率，减少冷量浪费。
4、本申请提供的制冷设备中，还包括隔热装置，所述隔热装置具有适于降低或隔绝与外部的热量传导的隔热腔，所述第一冷量交换装置、第二冷量交换装置、蓄冷装置和冷量发生装置的冷量输出端位于隔热腔内。利用隔热装置，能够避免在冷量交换过程中发生冷量的流失，同时蓄冷装置的保温效果也更好，避免蓄冷装置在存储冷量的过程中发生冷量的流失。
5、本申请提供的制冷设备中，所述隔热装置为箱体，所述隔热装置上安装有与隔热腔连通的抽真空装置。贴近真空状态的隔热腔能够进一步降低冷量的流失速率，使制冷设备进一步提高对冷量的利用效率。
6、本申请提供的制冷设备中，还包括复温回路，所述复温回路用于将所述存储罐中的载冷介质加热之后输送至冷量使用元件的进液端。在某些场合下，冷量使用元件需要进行升温，例如在冷冻消融术中，经过冷冻后的靶向组织要进行复温。本申请中提供的复温回路能够对载冷介质进行加热，并通过导管输送至靶向组织处，这种单独设置的复温回路不但能够满足冷量使用元件进行复温的需要，并且非常有利于对复温的温度、进程和时间进行更加精确的控制，进而提高手术治愈率、减少术后并发症。
7、本申请提供的制冷设备中，所述复温回路包括复温管，所述复温管上串联有升温装置；所述复温管的进液端利用第二三通阀与进入所述热流体通道的进液口的上游相连。通过将复温管与介质供应管路上第二冷量交换装置的上游相连之后，复温管和第一冷量交换装置以及第二冷量交换装置形成并联，此时的载冷剂加热所用的管路与降温所用的管路之间各自独立。因此能够避免第一冷量交换装置和第二冷量交换装置的残留冷量在复温阶段对载冷剂的升温过程造成干扰，减少复温过程的干扰因素，使复温过程的控制更加便于控制。
8、本申请提供的制冷设备中，所述复温回路还包括复温回流管路，复温回流管路用于将冷量使用元件的出液端与介质存储罐连通的回液口连通。单独设置的复温回流管路能够使复温过程形成由介质存储罐、复温管、冷量使用元件、复温回流管路组成的单独复温回路，从而能够进一步减少复温过程中的干扰因素，使复温的进程控制更加精准。
9、本申请提供的制冷设备中，还包括隔热装置，所述隔热装置具有适 于降低或隔绝与外部的热量传导的隔热腔，所述第一冷量交换装置、第二冷量交换装置、蓄冷装置和冷量发生装置的冷量输出端位于隔热腔内；所述复温回流管处于隔热装置外部。将复温回流管设置在隔热装置的外部之后，能够避免复温回流管在输送复温后的载冷介质的时候带走蓄冷装置或者第二冷量交换装置中的冷量，提高冷量的利用率。
综上所述，本申请提供的制冷设备能提高对冷量的利用效率，同时还具有复温过程控制精准的优点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例1中提供的制冷设备的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示制冷设备在预冷阶段的载冷介质流向示意图；
图3为图1所示制冷设备在制冷阶段的载冷介质流向示意图；
图4为图1所示制冷设备在复温阶段的载冷介质流向示意图；
附图标记说明：
1-介质存储罐，2-介质供应管路，3-介质回收管路，4-冷量发生装置，5-第一冷量交换装置，6-第二冷量交换装置，7-导管，8-冷头，9-旁通管，10-第一三通阀，11-蓄冷装置，12-隔热装置，13-隔热腔，14-抽真空装置，15-复温管，16-升温装置，17-第二三通阀，18-复温回流管，19-第三三通阀，20-泵送装置，21-流量计，22-温度计，23-单向阀，24-散热器。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1：
如图1至图4所示，为本申请的实施例1，本实施例提供了一种制冷设备，可用于冷冻消融装置中对冷头8进行制冷，但不仅限应用于冷冻消融术中，本申请提供的制冷设备还可以用于其他带有冷量使用元件的设备中 对其进行预冷、制冷和复温，例如冰箱、空调、冷链物流车等。但为了清楚说明，本实施例中，仅以冷量使用元件为冷冻消融装置的冷头8时进行介绍。
本实施例包括介质存储罐1、介质供应管路2、介质回收管路3、冷量发生装置4、第一冷量交换装置5和第二冷量交换装置6。介质存储罐1中存储有载冷介质；介质供应管路2一端与介质存储罐1连通，另一端适于与冷量使用元件的进液端连通；介质回收管路3一端与介质存储罐1连通，另一端适于与冷量使用元件的出液端连通；冷量发生装置4用于提供冷量；第一冷量交换装置5安装在介质供应管路2上，所述冷量发生装置4向所述第一冷量交换装置5提供冷量，所述第一冷量交换装置5用于对途经所述第一冷量交换装置5内的载冷介质进行制冷换热；第二冷量交换装置6具有安装在所述介质供应管路2上的热流体通道和安装在所述介质回收管路3上的冷流体通道，所述冷流体通道与所述热流体通道之间产生冷量交换，对流经所述热流体通道内的载冷介质进行预冷；所述热流体通道连接在所述介质存储罐1与所述第一冷量交换装置5之间。
在使用该制冷设备进行冷冻消融时，利用介质供应管路2、介质回收管路3、冷冻消融系统的导管7和冷头8使载冷介质进行循环流动，流动过程中，冷量发生装置4处生成的冷量通过第一冷量交换装置5输送至介质供应管路2上，进而通过导管7输送到人体中对靶向组织进行冷冻消融，与靶向组织进行过冷量交换的载冷介质随后从导管7流动到介质回收管路3中，此时的载冷介质仍然残存有部分冷量，随后载冷介质在流经介质回收管路3时，由于第二冷量交换装置6的存在，载冷介质中残存的冷量会通过第二冷量交换装置6传导至介质供应管路2内的载冷介质上，使该处的载冷介质预先降温。
上述过程中，由于第二冷量交换装置6在介质供应管路2上相对于第一冷量交换装置5处于上游的位置，该处介质供应管路2内的载冷介质温度高于介质回收管路3内的温度，因而能够保证冷量自介质回收管路3向介质供应管路2传导。通过上述过程，介质回收管路3内的载冷介质的残存冷量可以对载冷介质进行预降温，降低载冷介质进入第一冷量交换装置5时的初始温度，进而在同样的冷量交换量的情况下，这种经过预降温的载冷介质可以达到更低的温度，进而使这种对常压液体进行直接制冷的冷冻消融方式更有可能达到冷冻消融所需的温度，同时还能提高对冷量的利用效率。
具体的，本实施例中的冷量发生装置4具体为能够提供-120℃以下冷源的微型超低温制冷机，可以是脉冲管、斯特林、混合工质节流、热声等形式，数量可以为一台或多台，多台联合工作时，联合方式可以为串联或者并联。本实施例中的载冷介质为凝固点低于-90℃的液体，例如医用乙醇。
为了进一步的降低载冷介质所能达到的最低温度，还包括旁通管9，所述旁通管9与介质供应管路2和介质回收管路3相连通，并使介质供应管路2和介质回收管路3形成串联介质存储罐1和第一冷量交换装置5的预冷回路；且所述旁通管9与介质供应管路2之间通过第一三通阀10进行连通。
利用旁通管9，可以使载冷剂通入到人体内进行冷冻消融之前先进行预冷，在预冷阶段载冷介质从介质存储罐1中出来以后依次流经介质供应管路2、第一冷量交换装置5、旁通管9和介质回收管路3，并最终回到介质存储罐1内。经过预冷后的载冷介质温度得到降低，在进入冷冻消融阶段时具有更低的初始温度，再经过第一冷量交换装置5的降温之后就更加容易达到冷冻消融所需的低温。因此，此举能够进一步的提高该制冷设备是 载冷介质达到冷冻消融所需温度的可能性。
作为制冷设备的一种改进实施方式，还包括蓄冷装置11，安装在介质回收管路3上，利用旁通管9与第一冷量交换装置5相连通，适于存储第一冷量交换装置5中流出的冷量。本实施例中，蓄冷装置11具体为填充有比热容较高的蓄冷介质的箱体，介质回收管路3穿过蓄冷装置11，利用管路的侧壁与蓄冷装置11内的蓄冷介质发生冷量交换。
在预冷阶段，蓄冷装置11能够存储一部分由载冷介质带来的冷量，这些存储的冷量在冷冻消融阶段开始后，能够对从人体中留出的载冷介质进行预降温，使第二冷量交换装置6处冷流体通道和热流体通道处的温差增大，提高第二冷量交换装置6处的冷量交换速率，进而使介质供应管路2中的载冷介质的温度进一步降低，这些经过预先降温的载冷介质经过第一冷量交换装置5进行最终降温之后便可以达到更低的温度。因此，此举可以进一步保证本制冷设备能够达到冷冻消融所需的低温，并且能够进一步提高冷量的利用效率，减少冷量浪费。
为了降低冷量流失，还包括隔热装置12，所述隔热装置12具有适于降低或隔绝与外部的热量传导的隔热腔13，所述第一冷量交换装置5、第二冷量交换装置6、蓄冷装置11和冷量发生装置4的冷量输出端位于隔热腔13内。利用隔热装置12，能够避免在冷量交换过程中发生冷量的流失，同时蓄冷装置11的保温效果也更好，避免蓄冷装置11在存储冷量的过程中发生冷量的流失。
具体的，所述隔热装置12为箱体，所述隔热装置12上安装有与隔热腔13连通的抽真空装置14。贴近真空状态的隔热腔13能够进一步降低冷量的流失速率，使制冷设备进一步提高对冷量的利用效率。抽真空装置14具体为小型真空泵。
作为隔热装置的一种替代实施方式，所述隔热装置12为箱体，所述隔热腔13内填充有绝热物质。此处绝热物质可以采用聚氨酯发泡材料或气凝胶等绝热材料。
为了满足冷冻消融术中靶向组织对于冷冻后需要复温的需要，本实施例中还包括复温回路，所述复温回路用于将所述存储罐中的载冷介质加热之后输送至冷冻消融装置中导管7的进液端。在冷冻消融术中，经过冷冻后的靶向组织要进行复温，理想的复温的过程能够提高冷冻消融术的手术效果，并且降低术后并发症的发生的概率。本申请中提供的复温回路能够对载冷介质进行加热，并通过导管7输送至靶向组织处，这种单独设置的复温回路不但能够满足冷冻消融术进行复温的需要，并且非常有利于对复温的温度、进程和时间进行更加精确的控制，进而提高手术治愈率、减少术后并发症。
具体的，所述复温回路包括复温管15，所述复温管15上串联有升温装置16；所述复温管15的进液端利用第二三通阀17与进入所述热流体通道的进液口的上游相连。通过将复温管15与介质供应管路2上第二冷量交换装置6的上游相连之后，复温管15和第一冷量交换装置5以及第二冷量交换装置6形成并联，此时的载冷剂加热所用的管路与降温所用的管路之间各自独立。因此能够避免第一冷量交换装置5和第二冷量交换装置6的残留冷量在复温阶段对载冷剂的升温过程造成干扰，减少复温过程的干扰因素，使复温过程的控制更加便于控制。
作为上述复温回路的一种替代实施方式，所述复温回路包括：复温管15；所述复温管15的介质进入端利用第二三通阀17与安装在介质供应管路2上未进入所述第一冷量交换装置5的一侧相连。在该替代实施方式中，复温回路上没有串联升温装置，而是仅将没有经过冷却的载冷介质通入到 导管中参与复温过程，利用人体的自身热量进行复温。此举使靶向组织的升温更加温和，降低冷冻消融术对健康组织的损伤。
作为复温回路的进一步改进，所述复温回路还包括复温回流管路，复温回流管路用于将所述冷冻消融装置中导管7的出液端与介质存储罐1连通的回液口连通。单独设置的复温回流管路能够使复温过程形成由介质存储罐1、复温管15、冷冻消融装置、复温回流管路组成的单独复温回路，从而能够进一步减少复温过程中的干扰因素，使复温的进程控制更加精准。
具体的，复温回流管路包括复温回流管18，其两端与介质回收管路3连通，并与第二冷量交换装置6相并联；所述复温回流管18的进液端利用第三三通阀19与介质供应管路2相连。进一步的，所述复温回流管18处于隔热装置12外部。将复温回流管18设置在隔热装置12的外部之后，能够避免复温回流管18在输送复温后的载冷介质的时候带走蓄冷装置11或者第二冷量交换装置6中的冷量，提高冷量的利用率。
为了保证载冷介质的顺利循环，所述介质供应管路2或所述介质回收管路3上串联有泵送装置20，所述泵送装置20适于为载冷介质的流动提供动力。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种制冷设备，用于向冷量使用元件提供冷量，包括：
    介质存储罐(1)，其用于存储载冷介质；
    介质供应管路(2)，一端与介质存储罐(1)连通，另一端适于与冷量使用元件的进液端连通；
    介质回收管路(3)，一端与介质存储罐(1)连通，另一端适于与冷量使用元件的出液端连通；
    冷量发生装置(4)，用于提供冷量；
    第一冷量交换装置(5)，安装在介质供应管路(2)上，所述冷量发生装置(4)向所述第一冷量交换装置(5)提供冷量，所述第一冷量交换装置(5)用于对途经所述第一冷量交换装置(5)内的载冷介质进行制冷换热；
    其特征在于，还包括：
    第二冷量交换装置(6)，具有安装在所述介质供应管路(2)上的热流体通道和安装在所述介质回收管路(3)上的冷流体通道，所述冷流体通道与所述热流体通道之间产生冷量交换，对流经所述热流体通道内的载冷介质进行预冷；
    所述热流体通道连接在所述介质存储罐(1)与所述第一冷量交换装置(5)之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    旁通管(9)，所述旁通管(9)与介质供应管路(2)和介质回收管路(3)相连通，并使介质供应管路(2)和介质回收管路(3)形成串联介质存储罐(1)和第一冷量交换装置(5)的预冷回路；
    且所述旁通管(9)与介质供应管路(2)之间通过第一三通阀(10)进行连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    蓄冷装置(11)，安装在介质回收管路(3)上，利用旁通管(9)与第一冷量交换装置(5)相连通，适于存储第一冷量交换装置(5)中流出的冷量。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    隔热装置(12)，具有适于降低或隔绝与外部的热量传导的隔热腔(13)，所述第一冷量交换装置(5)、第二冷量交换装置(6)、蓄冷装置(11)和冷量发生装置(4)的冷量输出端位于隔热腔(13)内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，所述隔热装置(12)为箱体，所述隔热装置(12)上安装有与隔热腔(13)连通的抽真空装置(14)。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，所述隔热装置(12)为箱体，所述隔热腔(13)内填充有绝热物质。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，还包括复温回路，所述复温回路用于将所述介质存储罐(1)中的载冷介质输送至冷量使用元件的进液端。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，所述复温回路包括：
    复温管(15)；
    所述复温管(15)的介质进入端利用第二三通阀(17)与安装在介质供应管路(2)上未进入所述第一冷量交换装置(5)的一侧相连。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，还包括复温回 路，所述复温回路用于将所述介质存储罐中的载冷介质加热之后输送至冷量使用元件的进液端。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，所述复温回路包括：
    复温管(15)，其上串联有升温装置(16)；
    所述复温管(15)的进液端利用第二三通阀(17)与进入所述热流体通道的进液口的上游相连。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，所述复温回路还包括：
    复温回流管路，用于将冷量使用元件的出液端与介质存储罐(1)的回液口连通。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，所述复温回流管路包括：
    复温回流管(18)，两端与介质回收管路(3)连通，并与第二冷量交换装置(6)相并联；
    所述复温回流管(18)的进液端利用第三三通阀(19)与介质供应管路(2)相连。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，还包括：
    隔热装置(12)，具有适于降低或隔绝与外部的热量传导的隔热腔(13)，所述第一冷量交换装置(5)、第二冷量交换装置(6)、蓄冷装置(11)和冷量发生装置(4)的冷量输出端位于隔热腔(13)内；
    所述复温回流管(18)处于隔热装置(12)外部。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13中任意一项所述的一种制冷设备，其特征在于，所述介质供应管路(2)或所述介质回收管路(3)上串联有泵送装置 (20)，所述泵送装置(20)适于为载冷介质的流动提供动力。
PCT/CN2019/096380 2018-07-23 2019-07-17 一种制冷设备 Ceased WO2020020035A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2021527269A JP7085255B2 (ja) 2018-07-23 2019-07-17 冷凍装置
US17/250,431 US12303180B2 (en) 2018-07-23 2019-07-17 Refrigeration equipment
EP19841708.1A EP3827772B1 (en) 2018-07-23 2019-07-17 Freezing equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810812246 2018-07-23
CN201810812246.7 2018-07-23
CN201811216757.9 2018-10-18
CN201811216757.9A CN109350220B (zh) 2018-07-23 2018-10-18 一种制冷设备

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020020035A1 true WO2020020035A1 (zh) 2020-01-30

Family

ID=65345780

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/096380 Ceased WO2020020035A1 (zh) 2018-07-23 2019-07-17 一种制冷设备

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US12303180B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3827772B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP7085255B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN109350220B (zh)
WO (1) WO2020020035A1 (zh)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11538522B1 (en) 2021-06-30 2022-12-27 Micron Technology, Inc. Systems and methods for adaptive self-referenced reads of memory devices
US12303180B2 (en) 2018-07-23 2025-05-20 Piedmont Scientific (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd. Refrigeration equipment

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021129455A1 (zh) * 2019-12-27 2021-07-01 先健科技(深圳)有限公司 左心耳封堵器及封堵系统
CN117516025A (zh) * 2022-07-29 2024-02-06 山前（珠海）医疗科技有限公司 一种超低温存储系统

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103417288A (zh) * 2012-08-03 2013-12-04 康沣生物科技(上海)有限公司 冷冻消融治疗系统
CN104873265A (zh) * 2015-06-02 2015-09-02 北京迈迪顶峰医疗科技有限公司 冷冻消融系统
US20170000543A1 (en) * 2015-07-02 2017-01-05 Medtronic Cryocath Lp N2o thermal pressurization system by cooling
CN106572877A (zh) * 2014-08-14 2017-04-19 克莱米迪克斯有限责任公司 全液体冷冻消融导管
CN109009406A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2018-12-18 山前（珠海）医疗科技有限公司 一种冷冻消融装置及冷冻消融方法
CN109350220A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2019-02-19 山前（珠海）医疗科技有限公司 一种制冷设备

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS50130859A (zh) 1974-04-06 1975-10-16
JPS5414450Y2 (zh) * 1974-04-10 1979-06-14
JPS62294882A (ja) * 1986-05-22 1987-12-22 三洋電機株式会社 潜熱蓄冷システムの制御方法
US5275595A (en) * 1992-07-06 1994-01-04 Dobak Iii John D Cryosurgical instrument
AU5647700A (en) * 1999-09-06 2001-03-08 Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited Personal cooling system
US6442949B1 (en) 2001-07-12 2002-09-03 General Electric Company Cryongenic cooling refrigeration system and method having open-loop short term cooling for a superconducting machine
US7846154B2 (en) * 2004-12-06 2010-12-07 Galil Medical Ltd. Gas-heated gas-cooled cryoprobe utilizing electrical heating and a single gas source
US20080125764A1 (en) * 2006-11-17 2008-05-29 Vancelette David W Cryoprobe thermal control for a closed-loop cryosurgical system
EP2057952B1 (en) * 2007-11-09 2014-01-29 AFreeze GmbH Cooling system for a catheter
ES2551324T3 (es) * 2008-09-03 2015-11-18 Endocare, Inc. Un sistema criogénico y método de uso
CA2756263A1 (en) 2009-04-06 2010-10-14 Cryomedix Llc Single phase liquid refrigerant cryoablation system with multitubular distal section and related method
US9078733B2 (en) * 2012-08-08 2015-07-14 Galil Medical Inc. Closed-loop system for cryosurgery
DK2914191T3 (en) * 2012-10-30 2019-04-15 Nitro Medical Ltd DEVICE AND PROBLEM FOR CRYOGEN SYSTEM
US20180310977A1 (en) * 2017-04-28 2018-11-01 Kyphon SÀRL Introducer and cryoprobe
CN210138184U (zh) * 2018-07-23 2020-03-13 山前（珠海）科技有限公司 一种制冷设备

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103417288A (zh) * 2012-08-03 2013-12-04 康沣生物科技(上海)有限公司 冷冻消融治疗系统
CN106572877A (zh) * 2014-08-14 2017-04-19 克莱米迪克斯有限责任公司 全液体冷冻消融导管
CN104873265A (zh) * 2015-06-02 2015-09-02 北京迈迪顶峰医疗科技有限公司 冷冻消融系统
US20170000543A1 (en) * 2015-07-02 2017-01-05 Medtronic Cryocath Lp N2o thermal pressurization system by cooling
CN109009406A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2018-12-18 山前（珠海）医疗科技有限公司 一种冷冻消融装置及冷冻消融方法
CN109350220A (zh) * 2018-07-23 2019-02-19 山前（珠海）医疗科技有限公司 一种制冷设备

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3827772A4 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US12303180B2 (en) 2018-07-23 2025-05-20 Piedmont Scientific (Zhuhai) Co., Ltd. Refrigeration equipment
US11538522B1 (en) 2021-06-30 2022-12-27 Micron Technology, Inc. Systems and methods for adaptive self-referenced reads of memory devices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109350220B (zh) 2024-10-18
US20210282830A1 (en) 2021-09-16
EP3827772B1 (en) 2025-03-19
JP7085255B2 (ja) 2022-06-16
EP3827772A4 (en) 2021-07-28
JP2021531943A (ja) 2021-11-25
US12303180B2 (en) 2025-05-20
CN109350220A (zh) 2019-02-19
EP3827772A1 (en) 2021-06-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109009406B (zh) 一种冷冻消融装置及冷冻消融方法
WO2020020035A1 (zh) 一种制冷设备
CN109480999B (zh) 一种双级冷冻消融系统
CN107367125B (zh) 冰箱及冰箱控制方法
CN210740596U (zh) 一种内外融冰相结合的中央空调冰蓄冷系统
CN112856625B (zh) 空调器、空调器的控制方法和计算机可读存储介质
CN217979094U (zh) 冷却系统、医疗系统及移动医疗系统
JP7692527B2 (ja) 直列配置された循環極低温冷却器システム
CN210138184U (zh) 一种制冷设备
CN209301296U (zh) 一种冷冻消融装置
CN205066294U (zh) 一种具有冷量回收装置的家用冰箱
CN209295501U (zh) 一种用于造雪机的水气输送管道
CN209499884U (zh) 一种双级冷冻消融系统
CN211011723U (zh) 一种空调冷液一体系统
CN116146387B (zh) 燃油温度控制系统、燃油制备系统及燃油制备方法
CN217465054U (zh) 制冷设备
CN217465053U (zh) 制冷设备
CN215951881U (zh) 低温制冷系统和制冷设备
CN219756731U (zh) 冰箱
JP2000055520A (ja) 液化天然ガス冷熱利用気化装置
CN217465080U (zh) 具有复叠式制冷系统的制冷设备
CN223460672U (zh) 冷量传输机构及冰箱
CN209978261U (zh) 一种基于乙二醇溶液的高效蓄冰系统
CN215951880U (zh) 制冷设备
RU185641U1 (ru) Устройство локальной воздушно-контактной криотерапии

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19841708

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021527269

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2019841708

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20210223

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 17250431

Country of ref document: US