WO2020048464A1 - 一种光纤连接头及光纤连接器 - Google Patents

一种光纤连接头及光纤连接器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020048464A1
WO2020048464A1 PCT/CN2019/104255 CN2019104255W WO2020048464A1 WO 2020048464 A1 WO2020048464 A1 WO 2020048464A1 CN 2019104255 W CN2019104255 W CN 2019104255W WO 2020048464 A1 WO2020048464 A1 WO 2020048464A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
optical fiber
fiber connector
adapter
ferrule
connector
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/104255
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊伟
李秀鹏
吴文新
喻建雄
吴丹
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=64914656&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=WO2020048464(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority to MX2020007589A priority Critical patent/MX2020007589A/es
Priority to EP22196398.6A priority patent/EP4187294A1/en
Priority to PE2020000964A priority patent/PE20212009A1/es
Priority to EP19857250.5A priority patent/EP3726265A4/en
Priority to JP2020542646A priority patent/JP2021513115A/ja
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to MYPI2020003547A priority patent/MY198448A/en
Publication of WO2020048464A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020048464A1/zh
Priority to PH12020551053A priority patent/PH12020551053A1/en
Priority to CONC2020/0009221A priority patent/CO2020009221A2/es
Priority to US16/983,102 priority patent/US11378758B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/389—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs characterised by the method of fastening connecting plugs and sockets, e.g. screw- or nut-lock, snap-in, bayonet type
    • G02B6/3891—Bayonet type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3818—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres of a low-reflection-loss type
    • G02B6/3821—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres of a low-reflection-loss type with axial spring biasing or loading means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3825—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres with an intermediate part, e.g. adapter, receptacle, linking two plugs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3847—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture with means preventing fibre end damage, e.g. recessed fibre surfaces
    • G02B6/3849—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture with means preventing fibre end damage, e.g. recessed fibre surfaces using mechanical protective elements, e.g. caps, hoods, sealing membranes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3851—Ferrules having keying or coding means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3833—Details of mounting fibres in ferrules; Assembly methods; Manufacture
    • G02B6/3866—Devices, tools or methods for cleaning connectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3873—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls
    • G02B6/3874—Connectors using guide surfaces for aligning ferrule ends, e.g. tubes, sleeves, V-grooves, rods, pins, balls using tubes, sleeves to align ferrules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3887—Anchoring optical cables to connector housings, e.g. strain relief features
    • G02B6/3888—Protection from over-extension or over-compression
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/381—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres
    • G02B6/3826—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres characterised by form or shape
    • G02B6/3831—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs of the ferrule type, e.g. fibre ends embedded in ferrules, connecting a pair of fibres characterised by form or shape comprising a keying element on the plug or adapter, e.g. to forbid wrong connection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3887—Anchoring optical cables to connector housings, e.g. strain relief features
    • G02B6/3889—Anchoring optical cables to connector housings, e.g. strain relief features using encapsulation for protection, e.g. adhesive, molding or casting resin

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communication technologies, and in particular, to an optical fiber connector and an optical fiber connector.
  • the feeder cable, the distribution cable and the home cable need to pass through in the middle.
  • the home optical fiber cable is used to connect the fiber distribution box and the optical fiber terminal box.
  • one method is fusion, that is, the fiber distribution box is allocated to each household.
  • Optical fiber end, the optical fiber end of each household and the optical fiber fusion splicer of the household are spliced in the fiber distribution box, and then the household optical cable is laid to each household.
  • an on-site fusion splicing is also required to connect with the fiber terminal box of each household.
  • the problem brought by this approach is that special optical fiber fusion equipment is required, and the technical requirements of operators are high, and the entire home optical fiber routing process takes a long time.
  • Another method is to use a field connector product, that is, to first connect the optical fiber in the distribution optical cable to be connected to one end of the adapter in the fiber distribution box. When the user accesses, the on-site connector will be made into the optical cable.
  • the optical fiber pre-connecting products can solve the above problems well.
  • Pre-connecting refers to making the optical fiber into the end of the factory, that is, making optical fiber connectors at both ends of the optical fiber, and performing optical, mechanical, and environmental performance tests. Match the fiber adapters on the corresponding fiber distribution boxes and user terminal boxes. In the process of laying the cables in the home section, you only need to insert the fiber connector at both ends of the home optical cable into the corresponding fiber distribution box and the fiber adapter on the user terminal box.
  • Optical fiber pre-connected products can eliminate the damage or safety impact of various uncertain factors on the optical fiber link in the design, construction and use of optical fiber to the greatest extent, fully guarantee system safety, meet design requirements, and reduce on-site construction time and device.
  • the existing optical fiber connector usually includes a connector, one end of the connector is connected to the household optical cable, the other end is provided with a ferrule, and a protective sleeve is provided around the ferrule.
  • the end face of the ferrule does not exceed the end face of the protective sleeve, but when connecting the optical fiber connector and the adapter, because the ferrule is completely blocked by the protective cover, inserting the ferrule into the socket of the adapter is very difficult. It is difficult to align the ferrule with the socket of the adapter, the operation is time-consuming, and the ferrule is subjected to multiple collisions during the process of multiple wrong insertions, which is likely to cause damage to the ferrule.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an optical fiber connector and an optical fiber connector, which can facilitate the alignment of the ferrule of the optical fiber connector and the socket of the adapter, improve the connection efficiency, and prevent the ferrule from being damaged.
  • a first aspect of the present application provides an optical fiber connector, which includes a connector assembly.
  • a first end of the connector assembly is used to connect an optical cable
  • a second end of the connector assembly is provided with a ferrule
  • an outer periphery of the ferrule is provided with protection.
  • the end face of the ferrule protrudes from the end face of the protective sleeve or the end face of the ferrule is flush with the end face of the protective sleeve.
  • the optical fiber connector and the adapter are connected. At this time, the operator can see the position of the ferrule, which facilitates the alignment of the ferrule with the jack of the adapter, which improves the success rate of the plug-in, prevents the ferrule from being impacted multiple times due to incorrect insertion, and avoids damage to the ferrule.
  • the end face of the ferrule protrudes from the end face of the protective sleeve or the end face of the ferrule is flush with the end face of the protective sleeve, which can be more Easy to clean the ferrule.
  • the connector component jacket is provided with a locking cap, which is used to connect with the adapter, thereby protecting the connection position of the optical fiber connector and the adapter and preventing the external environment from affecting the optical fiber connector. Cause damage.
  • a connection key is provided on an inner hole wall of the locking cap, and the locking cap can be rotated relative to the connector component, and the space between the connector component and the locking cap is With spring.
  • the connector assembly includes a ferrule connector, a connecting shaft, and an optical cable fixing device.
  • the ferrule connector is provided with the ferrule at one end, and the other end is connected with the connecting shaft.
  • the end of the connecting shaft away from the ferrule connector is connected to the optical cable fixing device.
  • the optical cable fixing device is used to fix the optical cable.
  • the connecting shaft is provided with a through hole extending in the axial direction. The through hole is used for the through hole.
  • a cable core for passing an optical cable is connected to the ferrule of the ferrule connector through the through hole.
  • the locking cap is sleeved outside the connecting shaft, an outer wall of the connecting shaft is formed with a shoulder, an inner wall of the locking cap is formed with a boss, and one end of the spring It abuts against the shaft shoulder, and the other end abuts against the boss.
  • a sealing ring is provided between the locking cap and the connecting shaft. Therefore, foreign matters, moisture, dust and the like from the outside are prevented from entering the optical fiber connector through the connection between the locking cap and the connecting shaft, thereby achieving an IP68 protection level.
  • a symmetrical flattened plane is formed on a side wall of the lock cap, thereby facilitating clamping and preventing slipping when the lock cap is rotated.
  • a non-slip groove is formed on the flattened plane.
  • the optical cable fixing device includes a tail sleeve, a heat-shrinkable sleeve, and a crimping structure, the heat-shrinkable sleeve is sleeved outside the optical cable, and the crimping structure is used to place the optical cable
  • the aramid yarn layer is riveted together with the connecting shaft, and the tail sleeve is sleeved outside the heat-shrinkable sleeve and is connected to an end of the connecting shaft away from the ferrule connector. Therefore, the optical cable at the tail end of the optical fiber connection head can be effectively fixed, and the tensile strength and sealing performance of the optical fiber connection head can be increased.
  • a positioning groove is provided on a side wall of the connecting shaft, a retaining ring is provided in the positioning groove, and the tail sleeve is engaged with the retaining ring. This prevents the tailstock from moving in the axial direction.
  • a first dust cap is detachably connected to the second end of the connector assembly. Therefore, before the optical fiber connector is inserted into the adapter, it can protect the ferrule from dust and water.
  • the protective cover has a gap.
  • a chamfer is formed at an outer end of the gap.
  • a height difference between an end face of the ferrule and an end face of the protective sleeve is 0 mm-0.5 mm.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an adapter.
  • a first end of the adapter is provided with a jack and a ring groove provided around the jack.
  • a rotary locking groove is provided on a side wall of the adapter, and the rotary locking groove includes an axial section extending in an axial direction and a circumferential section extending in a circumferential direction.
  • An outer end of the axial segment forms an opening, an inner end communicates with the circumferential segment, and an end of the circumferential segment forms an extension portion extending toward a first end of the adapter.
  • a partition rib is formed in the ring groove.
  • a second dust cap is detachably connected to the first end of the adapter, a nut is connected to the second end of the adapter through a thread, and a flange is provided on a side wall of the adapter.
  • a seal ring is provided between the flange and the nut, and the seal ring and the second dust cap are connected by a rope. Therefore, when the adapter is not in use, it can function as dustproof and waterproof.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an optical fiber connector, including:
  • optical fiber connector wherein the optical fiber connector is the optical fiber connector described in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect
  • an adapter the adapter being the adapter described in any one of the implementation aspects of the second aspect
  • the ferrule of the optical fiber connector is inserted into the socket of the adapter, and the protective sleeve of the optical fiber connector is correspondingly inserted into the ring groove.
  • the end face of the ferrule in the optical fiber connector protrudes from the end face of the protective sleeve, when connecting the optical fiber connector and the adapter, the operator can see the position of the ferrule, thereby facilitating the insertion of the plug.
  • Alignment of the core with the socket of the adapter improves the success rate of plugging, prevents the ferrule from being bumped multiple times due to incorrect insertion, and prevents damage to the ferrule.
  • the end face of the ferrule protrudes from the end face of the protective sleeve or the end face of the ferrule is flush with the end face of the protective sleeve, which can be more Easy to clean the ferrule.
  • the connector assembly is provided with a locking cap on the outer sleeve, and the locking cap is engaged with the adapter. This can protect the connection position of the optical fiber connector and the adapter, and prevent damage to the optical fiber connector from the external environment.
  • the lock cap can be rotated relative to the connector assembly, and a connection key is provided on an inner hole wall of the lock cap, and the connector assembly and the lock A spring is provided between the caps, and a rotation locking groove is provided on the side wall of the adapter.
  • the rotation locking groove includes an axial section extending in the axial direction and a circumferential section extending in the circumferential direction.
  • An outer end of the segment forms an opening, an inner end communicates with the circumferential segment, an end of the circumferential segment forms an extension extending toward the first end of the adapter, and an inner hole of the locking cap is sleeved on Outside the adapter, the connection key is snapped into the extension, and the spring force of the spring can prevent the connection key from disengaging from the extension.
  • connection key when installing the optical fiber connector and the adapter, after inserting the ferrule and the socket of the adapter, only the connection key needs to be screwed into the end extension of the rotation locking groove, and it does not need to rotate multiple turns, saving time It is labor-saving, and because a spring is provided between the connector assembly and the lock cap, the connection key can be tightly engaged with the end extension of the rotation lock groove under the elastic force of the spring. Therefore, even under long-term vibration, the optical fiber The connector and the adapter are not easy to loose, which can ensure the long-term reliability of the optical fiber connector.
  • the protective sleeve has a gap, and the ring groove is formed with a partition rib at a position corresponding to the gap.
  • the partition rib corresponds to Inserted into the gap.
  • a chamfer is formed at an outer end of the gap. Therefore, even if the partition rib is not aligned with the center of the notch, it can slide into the notch under the guide effect of the chamfer, thereby facilitating the installation operation.
  • connection keys and a plurality of rotation locking grooves there are a plurality of connection keys and a plurality of rotation locking grooves, and the plurality of connection keys and the plurality of rotation locking grooves are one-to-one correspondingly engaged. Therefore, the distribution of the locking force can be made more uniform, and the optical fiber connector and the adapter can be prevented from being separated.
  • an instruction mark is provided on an outer wall of the locking cap, and when the instruction mark is aligned with the gap of the protective cover, the relative position of the gap of the protective cover and the connection key on the locking cap and the adapter
  • the relative position of the upper rib and the opening of the rotary locking groove is adapted. Therefore, when connecting the optical fiber connector and the adapter, it is convenient to align the notch of the protective sleeve and the rib of the ring groove, and at the same time align the connection key on the locking cap with the opening of the rotary locking groove on the adapter.
  • a rotation limit structure is provided between the lock cap and the protective sleeve, and the rotation limit structure is used to limit a rotation angle of the lock cap with respect to the connector assembly .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an FTTH network
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber connector according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber connector according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an optical fiber connector according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded structural schematic diagram of an optical fiber connector according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an adapter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic exploded structure diagram of an adapter according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an end face of an optical fiber connector according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an optical fiber connector according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic exploded structure diagram of an adapter and a second dust cap according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an FTTH network.
  • the FTTH network includes a central office (CO, Central Office) 01, a pre-connected distribution point (CFDP, Connector Point Fiber Distribution Point) 03, and a customer terminal box (CSP, Customer Splicing Point) 05, of which The central computer room 01 and the pre-connected distribution point 03 are connected through the distribution section optical cable 02, and the pre-connected distribution point 03 and the user terminal box 05 are connected through the entry section optical cable 04.
  • the optical fiber connection provided in the embodiment of this application
  • the device can be applied to the connection between the above-mentioned home section optical cable 04 and the pre-connected wiring point 03. It should be noted that this application uses the FTTH network as an example for description, and the solution of this application can also be adopted for other types of optical communication networks.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber connector, which includes an adapter 1, an optical fiber connector 2, an optical fiber connector 3, and an optical cable 4.
  • the structure of the optical fiber connector 2 is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the optical fiber connector 2 includes a connector assembly 21. A first end of the connector assembly 21 is used to connect the optical cable 4. A second end of the connector assembly 21 is provided with a ferrule 211.
  • a protective sleeve 212 is provided on the outer periphery, and the end face of the ferrule 211 protrudes from the end face of the protective sleeve 212 or the end face of the ferrule 211 is flush with the end face of the protective sleeve 212; the structure of the adapter 1 is shown in FIG.
  • the first end of the adapter 1 is provided with a jack 11 and a ring groove 12 provided around the jack 11; the second end of the adapter 1 is used for plugging the optical fiber connector 3; when the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 are connected During mating, the ferrule 211 of the optical fiber connector 2 is inserted into the socket 11 of the adapter 1, and the protective sleeve 212 of the optical fiber connector 2 is correspondingly inserted into the ring groove 12.
  • the end face of the ferrule 211 in the optical fiber connector 2 protrudes from the end face of the protective sleeve 212 or the end face of the ferrule 211 is flush with the end face of the protective sleeve 212,
  • the operator can see the position of the ferrule 211, thereby facilitating the alignment of the ferrule 211 with the socket 11 of the adapter 1, which improves the success rate of plugging and prevents the ferrule 211 from being inserted by mistake. It has been hit many times to avoid damage to the ferrule 211.
  • the end face of the ferrule 211 protrudes from the end face of the protective sleeve 212 or the end face of the ferrule 211 and the protective sleeve 212.
  • the end faces are flush, which makes it easier to clean the ferrule 211.
  • a height difference H between an end surface of the ferrule 211 and an end surface of the protective sleeve 212 may be 0 mm-0.5 mm.
  • a locking cap 22 can be provided on the outer cover of the connector assembly 21, and when the optical fiber is connected After the head 2 is plugged into the adapter 1, the locking cap 22 is connected to the adapter 1, so that the locking cap 22 is closed and covered at the connection position of the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1, so as to prevent the external environment from causing the optical fiber connector. damage.
  • the lock cap 22 can be screwed to the adapter 1 through threads.
  • the screw connection method requires multiple turns during locking and disassembly. The operation is troublesome and time-consuming; and because the manual tightening force of each operator is large or small, a consistent locking effect cannot be guaranteed.
  • the threaded connection is easy to loosen after a long period of vibration, which affects the long-term reliability of the ferrule connector 213. Therefore, the locking cap 22 can be snap-fitted with the adapter 1 through a snap-fit structure. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a side wall of the adapter 1 is provided with a rotation locking groove 13.
  • the rotation locking groove 13 includes an axial section 131 extending along the axial direction X and a circumferential direction.
  • a spring 23 is provided between the connector assembly 21 and the locking cap 22; when the optical fiber connector 2 is inserted into the adapter 1 in the axial direction X, the locking cap 22 is sleeved on the adapter 1
  • the connecting key 221 enters the axial section 131 through the opening of the outer end of the axial section 131.
  • the connecting key 221 is at the inner end of the axial section 131
  • the locking cap 22 is rotated to make the connecting key 221 Enter the end of the circumferential section 132.
  • the elastic force of the spring 23 can move the lock cap 22 away from the adapter 1, so that the connection key 221 is caught in the extension of the end of the circumferential section 132.
  • Portion 133, to prevent the linkage 221 moves in the circumferential direction, thereby preventing the locking cap 22 from the adapter 1.
  • the lock cap 22 is provided on the outer cover of the connector assembly 21, and the lock cap 22 is engaged with the rotation lock groove 13 through the connection key 221, when the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 are installed, After inserting the ferrule 211 into the socket 11 of the adapter 1, only the connection key 221 needs to be screwed into the end extension 133 of the rotation locking groove 13, which does not require multiple turns, saving time and effort, and because the connector assembly A spring 23 is provided between 21 and the locking cap 22. Under the action of the spring 23, the connection key 221 can be tightly engaged with the end extension 133 of the rotation locking groove 13. Therefore, even if it is subjected to long-term vibration, the optical fiber The connector 2 and the adapter 1 are not easy to loose, which can ensure the long-term reliability of the optical fiber connector.
  • connection keys 221 there may be two connection keys 221, and correspondingly, the rotation locking grooves 13 may also be two.
  • the two connection keys 221 correspond to the two rotation locking grooves 13 one-to-one. Card access. Therefore, the distribution of the locking force can be made more uniform, and the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 can be prevented from being separated.
  • the connecting key 221 and the rotation locking groove 13 may be respectively provided with two or more, such as three, four, etc., which are not limited herein.
  • a notch 2121 may be provided on the protective cover 212, so that the protective cover 212 is not closed. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. A partition rib 121 is formed at a position of the groove 12 corresponding to the notch 2121. When the protective cover 212 is inserted into the ring groove 12, the partition rib 121 is correspondingly inserted into the notch 2121. Thereby, the separation rib 121 can prevent the protective cover 212 from rotating, thereby preventing the connector assembly 21 from rotating relative to the adapter 1.
  • a chamfer 2122 may be formed at the outer end of the notch 2121, so that the notch 2121 forms a flared flared shape.
  • the center of 2121 can also slide into the gap 2121 under the guidance of the chamfer 2122.
  • the chamfer 2122 may be a chamfer, and the chamfered structure is more convenient to process.
  • the outer end opening of the flared flaring can be set larger, so that the guiding range is larger.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the single-sided chamfer 2122 may be set to be greater than or equal to 0 ° and less than or equal to 30 °.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the single-sided chamfer 2122 may be set to 10 °, 12 °, 15 °, 30 °, or the like.
  • the angle selection of ⁇ can be adjusted according to actual needs, and is not limited here.
  • the chamfer 2122 can also be a rounded corner, and the rounded surface is smoother and has no edges, which can prevent the ribs from being worn.
  • the connector assembly 21 includes a ferrule connector 213, a connecting shaft 214, and an optical cable fixing device 215.
  • the ferrule connector 213 is provided with the ferrule 211 at one end, and One end is connected to the connecting shaft 214, and the connecting shaft 214 and the ferrule connecting piece 213 may be connected by threads.
  • An end of the connecting shaft 214 remote from the ferrule connector 213 is connected to the optical cable fixing device 215.
  • the optical cable fixing device 215 is used to fix the optical cable 4.
  • the connecting shaft 214 is provided with a through hole 2141 extending in the axial direction.
  • the through hole 2141 is used for penetrating the cable core of the optical cable 4, and the cable core is connected to the ferrule 211 through the through hole.
  • a ceramic sleeve 111 is provided in the socket 11 of the adapter 1. When the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 are mated, the ferrule connector 213 is matched with the socket 11, and the ferrule 211 is made of ceramic. The sleeve 111 cooperates.
  • the installation position of the spring 23 may be as shown in FIG. 4.
  • a locking cap 22 is sleeved outside the connecting shaft 214.
  • a shaft shoulder 2142 is formed on an outer wall of the connecting shaft 214, and an inner wall of the locking cap 22 is formed.
  • connection key 221 is in a compressed state for a long time under the action of the spring force. This structure does not need to add additional components to position and install the spring 23, and the installation operation is convenient.
  • a symmetrical flattened plane 223 can be formed on the side wall of the locking cap 22.
  • the flattening plane 223 is rotated to prevent slipping.
  • a non-slip groove may be formed on the flattening plane 223 to increase the operating feel.
  • the flattening planes 223 may also be symmetrical pairs, such as two pairs, three pairs, and the like, which are not limited herein.
  • the optical cable fixing device 215 includes a tail sleeve 2151, a heat-shrinkable sleeve 2152, and a crimping structure 2153.
  • the heat-shrinkable sleeve 2152 is sleeved outside the optical cable 4.
  • the crimping structure 2153 is used for The aramid yarn layer of the optical cable 4 and the connecting shaft 214 are pressed together to increase the tensile strength of the optical fiber connector 2.
  • a tail sleeve 2151 is sleeved outside the heat-shrinkable sleeve 2152 and is connected to an end of the connection shaft 214 away from the ferrule connector 213.
  • the optical cable 4 at the tail end of the optical fiber connector 2 can be effectively fixed.
  • the tail sleeve 2151 can be processed first and then put on last, or it can be cast by the entire injection molding method, so that the optical fiber connector can be further added. 2 Tensile strength and tightness.
  • a positioning groove may be provided on a side wall of the connecting shaft 214, and a snap ring 2154 is provided in the positioning groove, and the tail sleeve 2151 and the snap ring 2154 are engaged. This prevents the tail cover 2151 from moving in the axial direction.
  • an indicator mark 224 may be provided on the outer wall of the lock cap 22, which may be an arrow or The position of the indication mark 224 can be set by indicating lines, etc., so that when the indication mark 224 is aligned with the notch 2121 of the protective cover 212, the relative position of the notch 2121 of the protective cover 212 and the connection key 221 on the lock cap 22 and the adapter The relative position of the partition rib 121 on 1 and the opening of the rotation locking groove 13 is adapted.
  • a status indicator 14 may be set on the adapter 1, and the status indicator 14 may include the symbols “0” and The symbol “1", wherein the symbol “0” indicates that the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 are in a loose state, and the symbol “1" indicates that the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 are in a locked state.
  • connection key 221 is at the beginning of the circumferential section 132 of the rotation lock groove 13, the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 are in a loose state, and the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 can be moved along The axial X movement is separated; when the indicator 224 on the lock cap 22 points to the symbol “1”, the connection key 221 is located at the end extension 133 of the circumferential section 132 of the rotation lock groove 13, the optical fiber connector 2 and the adapter 1 In the locked state, the optical fiber connector 2 cannot be separated from the adapter 1 in the axial X movement.
  • a rotation limiting structure may be provided between the locking cap 22 and the protective sleeve 212.
  • the rotation angle of the lock cap 22 relative to the connector assembly 21 is limited, so that the rotation angle of the lock cap 22 and the connection key 221 are rotated through the opening of the rotation lock groove 13.
  • the required rotation angle of the end of the locking groove 13 is adapted.
  • the rotation limiting structure includes two spaced first limiting protrusions 225 provided on the inner wall of the locking cap 22 and a second limiting protrusion 2123 provided on the protective sleeve 212.
  • the second limiting protrusion 2123 is located between the two first limiting protrusions 225. Therefore, the rotation angle of the locking cap 22 can be limited to a small range, so that the indicator 224 does not deviate too far from the notch 2121 of the protective cover 212 to facilitate the alignment operation.
  • a sealing ring 216 may be provided at the connection between the locking cap 22 and the connection shaft 214 to prevent Foreign matter, moisture, dust, and the like from the outside enter the optical fiber connector through the connection between the lock cap 22 and the connection shaft 214, thereby achieving an IP68 protection level.
  • the second end of the connector assembly 21 and the first end of the adapter 1 are both open before being connected.
  • the first dust cap 24 can be detachably connected to the second end of the connector assembly 21.
  • the first dust cap 24 can be connected to the tail sleeve 2151 through a rope 241.
  • a sealing ring 242 may be provided between the first dust cap 24 and the locking cap 22. Therefore, before the optical fiber connector 2 is inserted into the adapter 1, it can play the role of dustproof and waterproof and protect the ferrule 211.
  • the second end of the adapter 1 is detachably connected to the second dust cap 15, so that the optical fiber connector 2 can be protected against dust and water before the adapter 1 is inserted into the ceramic sleeve of the adapter 1.
  • the first dust cap 24 and the second dust cap 15 can be removed.
  • a seal ring 151 is further provided on the adapter 1.
  • the second end of the adapter 1 is connected with a nut 16 through a thread.
  • the side wall of the adapter 1 is provided with a flange 17.
  • a sealing gasket 18 is provided between the nuts 16.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides an optical fiber connector.
  • an optical fiber connector for related technical characteristics, reference may be made to the characteristic expression of the optical fiber connector in the foregoing embodiment of the optical fiber connector, and details are not described herein again.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an adapter.
  • an adapter for related technical features, reference may be made to the feature expression of the adapter in the foregoing embodiment of the optical fiber connector, and details are not described herein again.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种光纤连接头及光纤连接器，涉及光通信技术领域，本申请可便于光纤连接头的插芯与适配器的插孔的对准，且便于光纤连接头的保护套缺口对准分隔筋，从而可提高连接效率、防止插芯受损。该光纤连接头包括连接器组件，所述连接器组件的第一端用于连接光缆，所述连接器组件的第二端设有插芯，所述插芯的外周设有保护套，所述插芯的端面凸出所述保护套的端面或所述插芯的端面与所述保护套的端面平齐，保护套具有缺口，缺口的外端形成有倒角。

Description

一种光纤连接头及光纤连接器
本申请要求于2018年09月03日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为201811028827.8、发明名称为“一种光纤连接头及光纤连接器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种光纤连接头及光纤连接器。
背景技术
随着现代社会的发展、信息量的爆炸增长，人们对网络吞吐能力的需求不断提高。光传输凭借其独有的超高带宽，低电磁干扰等特性，逐渐成为现代通信的主流方案，尤其是现阶段新建的网络，以光纤到户(Fiber To The Home，FTTH)为代表的接入网，正在大规模的部署。
在光纤到户网络建设中，从光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，OLT)到用户的光纤终端盒(Access terminal box，ATB)，中间需要依次经过馈线段光缆、配线段光缆以及入户段光缆，其中，入户段光缆用于连接分纤盒和光纤终端盒，在FTTH网络的入户段光缆的布放过程中，一种做法是熔接，即在分纤盒内分配好对应每户的光纤端头，将每户的光纤端头和入户光缆用光纤熔接机在分纤盒内进行熔接，再将入户光缆铺设到每家每户。在入户光缆的另一端，也需要进行一次现场熔接，以便和每家每户的光纤终端盒连接起来。这种做法带来的问题是需要专用的光纤熔接设备，对操作人员的技术要求较高，整个入户光缆的布放过程耗时较长。另一种做法是使用现场连接器产品，即先将待接入的配线光缆中的光纤成端，连接到在分纤盒内适配器的一端，用户接入时现场制作连接器将入户光缆成端，并连接到适配器的另外一端，以实现用户接入，然后将入户光缆铺设到每家每户，在入户光缆的另一端，也安装一个现场连接器，以便和每家每户的用户终端盒连接起来。该做法省去了熔接机，但是现场连接器存在插损大(0.3-0.5dB)、可靠性低等问题。
光纤预连接产品可以很好地解决上述问题，预连接是指在工厂将入户光缆成端，即在入户光缆的两端做好光纤连接头，并进行光学、机械、环境等性能测试。在对应的分纤盒和用户终端盒上也做好与之相匹配的光纤适配器。在入户段线缆布放过程中，只需将入户光缆两端的光纤连接头插入到相应的分纤盒和用户终端盒上的光纤适配器上即可。光纤预连接产品可以最大限度的消除光纤网络设计、施工和使用中，各种不确定因素可能对光纤链路造成的损伤或安全影响，充分保证系统安全、满足设计要求，同时减少现场施工时间和设备。
现有的光纤连接头通常包括连接器，连接器的一端与入户光缆连接，另一端设有插芯，围绕插芯设有保护套。为了对插芯进行保护，插芯的端面不超出保护套的端面，但是在连接光纤连接头和适配器时，由于插芯被保护套完全遮挡，将插芯插入适配器的插孔的操作中，很难将插芯与适配器的插孔对准，操作费时，且在多次插错的过程中，插芯受到多次碰撞，容易对插芯造成损坏。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供一种光纤连接头及光纤连接器，可便于光纤连接头的插芯与适配器的插孔的对准，提高连接效率，防止插芯受损。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
本申请第一方面提供一种光纤连接头，包括连接器组件，连接器组件的第一端用于连接光缆，连接器组件的第二端设有插芯，所述插芯的外周设有保护套，所述插芯的端面凸出所述保护套的端面或所述插芯的端面与所述保护套的端面平齐。
本申请实施例提供的光纤连接头，由于光纤连接头中插芯的端面凸出保护套的端面或所述插芯的端面与所述保护套的端面平齐，因此在连接光纤连接头和适配器时，操作人员可以看到插芯的位置，从而便于将插芯与适配器的插孔对准，使得插接成功率提高，防止插芯因误插而被多次碰撞，避免插芯受损。并且由于在日常使用光纤连接头的过程中，需要对插芯进行定期或不定期的清洁，将插芯的端面凸出保护套的端面或插芯的端面与保护套的端面平齐，能够更加便于对插芯的清洁操作。
在一种可能的实现方式中，连接器组件外套设有锁紧帽，所述锁紧帽用于和适配器连接，由此可保护光纤连接头和适配器的连接位置，防止外界环境对光纤连接器造成损坏。
在一种可能的实现方式中，锁紧帽的内孔壁上设有连接键，所述锁紧帽能够相对于所述连接器组件转动，所述连接器组件和所述锁紧帽之间设有弹簧。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述连接器组件包括插芯连接件、连接轴和光缆固定装置，所述插芯连接件一端设置所述插芯，另一端与所述连接轴连接，所述连接轴远离所述插芯连接件的一端与所述光缆固定装置连接，所述光缆固定装置用于固定光缆，所述连接轴内设有沿轴向延伸的通孔，所述通孔用于穿设光缆的缆芯，所述缆芯穿过所述通孔与所述插芯连接件的插芯连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述锁紧帽套设于所述连接轴外，所述连接轴的外壁形成有轴肩，所述锁紧帽的内壁形成有凸台，所述弹簧一端与所述轴肩抵靠，另一端与所述凸台抵靠。该结构不需要增加额外的部件即可对弹簧进行定位安装，安装操作方便。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述锁紧帽与所述连接轴之间设有密封圈。从而防止外界的异物、水气、灰尘等由锁紧帽与所述连接轴之间的连接处进入光纤连接器内，从而达到IP68的防护等级。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述锁紧帽的侧壁形成有对称的削平平面，从而在操作锁紧帽旋转时便于夹持，防止打滑。
在一种可能的实现方式中，削平平面上形成有防滑沟槽。从而可进一步提高摩擦力，增加操作手感。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述光缆固定装置包括尾套、热缩套管和压接结构，所述热缩套管套设于所述光缆外，所述压接结构用于将光缆的芳纶纱层与连接轴压铆在一起，所述尾套套设于所述热缩套管外且与所述连接轴远离所述插芯连接件的一端连接。由此，可对光纤连接头尾端的光缆进行有效的固定，并且可增加光纤连接头的抗拉强度和密封性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述连接轴的侧壁上设有定位槽，所述定位槽内设有卡环，所述尾套与所述卡环卡接。由此，可防止尾套沿轴向移动。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述连接器组件的第二端可拆卸连接有第一防尘帽。由此，在光纤连接头未插入适配器前可起到防尘防水并保护插芯的作用。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述保护套具有缺口。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述缺口的外端形成有倒角。
在一种可能的实现方式中，插芯的端面与保护套的端面的高度差为0mm-0.5mm。高度差选择上述范围时，既可以方便操作人员可以看到插芯的位置，又可以对插芯形成有效保护。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种适配器，所述适配器的第一端设有插孔和围绕所述插孔设置的环槽。
在第二方面可能的实现方式中，所述适配器的侧壁上开设有旋转锁紧槽，所述旋转锁紧槽包括沿轴向延伸的轴向段和沿周向延伸的周向段，所述轴向段的外端形成开口，内端与所述周向段连通，所述周向段的末端形成向靠近所述适配器的第一端延伸的延伸部。
在第二方面可能的实现方式中，所述环槽内形成有分隔筋。
在第二方面可能的实现方式中，所述适配器的第一端可拆卸连接有第二防尘帽，所述适配器的第二端通过螺纹连接有螺母，所述适配器的侧壁设有凸缘，所述凸缘与所述螺母之间设有密封圈，所述密封圈与所述第二防尘帽通过绳带连接。由此，在适配器未使用时，可起到防尘防水的作用。
在第二方面可能的实现方式中，所述旋转锁紧槽为多个，多个所述旋转锁紧槽沿所述适配器的周向均匀分布。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种光纤连接器，包括：
光纤连接头，所述光纤连接头为上述第一方面任一实现方式中所述的光纤连接头；
适配器，所述适配器为上述第二方面任一实现方式中所述的适配器；
所述光纤连接头的插芯插接于所述适配器的插孔内，所述光纤连接头的保护套对应插入所述环槽内。
本申请实施例提供的光纤连接器，由于光纤连接头中插芯的端面凸出保护套的端面，因此在连接光纤连接头和适配器时，操作人员可以看到插芯的位置，从而便于将插芯与适配器的插孔对准，使得插接成功率提高，防止插芯因误插而被多次碰撞，避免插芯受损。并且由于在日常使用光纤连接头的过程中，需要对插芯进行定期或不定期的清洁，将插芯的端面凸出保护套的端面或插芯的端面与保护套的端面平齐，能够更加便于对插芯的清洁操作。
在第三方面可能的实现方式中，所述连接器组件外套设有锁紧帽，所述锁紧帽与所述适配器卡接。由此可保护光纤连接头和适配器的连接位置，防止外界环境对光纤连接器造成损坏。
在第三方面可能的实现方式中，所述锁紧帽能够相对于所述连接器组件转动，所述锁紧帽的内孔壁上设有连接键，所述连接器组件和所述锁紧帽之间设有弹簧，所述适配器的侧壁上开设有旋转锁紧槽，所述旋转锁紧槽包括沿轴向延伸的轴向段和沿周 向延伸的周向段，所述轴向段的外端形成开口，内端与所述周向段连通，所述周向段的末端形成向靠近所述适配器的第一端延伸的延伸部，所述锁紧帽的内孔套接于所述适配器外，所述连接键卡接于所述延伸部内，所述弹簧的弹力能够阻止所述连接键脱离所述延伸部。由此，在安装光纤连接头与适配器时，将插芯与适配器的插孔插接后，只需将连接键旋入旋转锁紧槽的末端延伸部即可，不需要转动多圈，省时省力，并且由于连接器组件和锁紧帽之间设有弹簧，在弹簧的弹力作用下连接键能够紧密卡接于旋转锁紧槽的末端延伸部，由此，即使受到长时间的振动，光纤连接头与适配器也不易松脱，能够保证光纤连接器的长期可靠性。
在第三方面可能的实现方式中，所述保护套具有缺口，所述环槽对应所述缺口的位置形成有分隔筋，当所述保护套插入所述环槽内时，所述分隔筋对应插入所述缺口内。由此，分隔筋可阻止保护套旋转，从而防止连接器组件相对于适配器转动。
在第三方面可能的实现方式中，所述缺口的外端形成有倒角。由此，即使分隔筋没有对准缺口的中心，也可在倒角的导向作用下滑入缺口内，从而便于安装操作。
在第三方面可能的实现方式中，所述连接键为多个，所述旋转锁紧槽为多个，多个所述连接键与多个所述旋转锁紧槽一一对应卡接。由此，可使锁紧力分布更加均匀，防止光纤连接头和适配器脱离。
在第三方面可能的实现方式中，锁紧帽的外壁上设置有指示标记，当该指示标记与保护套的缺口对准时，保护套的缺口和锁紧帽上的连接键的相对位置与适配器上的分隔筋和旋转锁紧槽的开口的相对位置相适应。由此，在连接光纤连接头和适配器时，便于将保护套的缺口和环槽的分隔筋对准，且同时将锁紧帽上的连接键与适配器上的旋转锁紧槽的开口对准。
在第三方面可能的实现方式中，锁紧帽与所述保护套之间设置旋转限位结构，所述旋转限位结构用于限定所述锁紧帽相对于所述连接器组件的转动角度。
附图说明
图1为FTTH网络的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的光纤连接器的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的光纤连接头的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的光纤连接头的截面结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的光纤连接头的分解结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的适配器的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的适配器的分解结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的光纤连接头的端面结构示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的光纤连接头的局部结构示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的适配器和第二防尘帽的分解结构示意图。
具体实施方式
图1为FTTH网络的结构示意图，FTTH网络包括中心机房(CO，Central Office)01、预连接配线点(CFDP，Connectorised Fiber Distribution Point)03以及用户终端盒(CSP，Customer Splicing Point)05，其中，中心机房01和预连接配线点03之间通过配线段光缆02连接，预连接配线点03与用户终端盒05之间通过入户段光缆04连 接，本申请实施例提供的光纤连接器可适用于上述入户段光缆04和预连接配线点03之间的连接。需要说明的是，本申请是以FTTH网络为例进行说明，对于其他类型的光通讯网络同样可采用本申请的方案。
第一方面，如图2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种光纤连接器，包括适配器1、光纤连接头2、光纤连接头3和光缆4，其中，光纤连接头2的结构如图3、图4所示，光纤连接头2包括连接器组件21，连接器组件21的第一端用于连接光缆4，连接器组件21的第二端设有插芯211，所述插芯211的外周设有保护套212，所述插芯211的端面凸出所述保护套212的端面或所述插芯211的端面与所述保护套212的端面平齐；适配器1的结构如图6所示，适配器1的第一端设有插孔11和围绕所述插孔11设置的环槽12，适配器1的第二端用于插接光纤连接头3；当连接光纤连接头2和适配器1对插时，光纤连接头2的插芯211插接于所述适配器1的插孔11内，光纤连接头2的保护套212对应插入所述环槽12内。
本申请实施例提供的光纤连接器，由于光纤连接头2中插芯211的端面凸出保护套212的端面或所述插芯211的端面与所述保护套212的端面平齐，因此在连接光纤连接头2和适配器1时，操作人员可以看到插芯211的位置，从而便于将插芯211与适配器1的插孔11对准，使得插接成功率提高，防止插芯211因误插而被多次碰撞，避免插芯211受损。并且由于在日常使用光纤连接头2的过程中，需要对插芯211进行定期或不定期的清洁，将插芯211的端面凸出保护套212的端面或插芯211的端面与保护套212的端面平齐，能够更加便于对插芯211的清洁操作。
在一种可能的实现方式中，插芯211的端面与保护套212的端面的高度差H可以为0mm-0.5mm。高度差H选择上述范围时，既可以方便操作人员看到插芯211的位置，又可以对插芯形成有效保护。
为了对光纤连接头2和适配器1的连接部分进行有效保护，以满足IP68防护等级，如图3、图4、图5所示，可在连接器组件21外套设锁紧帽22，当光纤连接头2与适配器1插接后，将锁紧帽22与所述适配器1连接，从而使锁紧帽22封闭包覆在光纤连接头2和适配器1的连接位置，防止外界环境对光纤连接器造成损坏。
其中，锁紧帽22与适配器1的连接方式有多种，例如，可通过螺纹将锁紧帽22与适配器1拧接，但是，螺纹连接的方式在锁紧及拆卸时均需要旋动多圈，操作麻烦费时；并且因各操作人员的手工扭紧力有大有小，不能保证一致的锁紧效果。且螺纹连接在长时间振动后容易松动，影响插芯连接件213的长期可靠性。因此，可通过卡接结构将锁紧帽22与所述适配器1卡接。具体地，如图6、图7所示，所述适配器1的侧壁上开设有旋转锁紧槽13，所述旋转锁紧槽13包括沿轴向X延伸的轴向段131和沿周向Y延伸的周向段132，所述轴向段131的外端形成开口，内端与所述周向段132连通，周向段132的末端形成向靠近所述适配器1的第一端延伸的延伸部133；所述锁紧帽22能够相对于所述连接器组件21转动，如图8所示，所述锁紧帽22的内孔壁设有连接键221，如图4、图5所示，所述连接器组件21和所述锁紧帽22之间设有弹簧23；当沿轴向X将光纤连接头2插入适配器1时，所述锁紧帽22套接于所述适配器1外，所述连接键221由所述轴向段131的外端开口进入所述轴向段131，当连接键221处于轴向段131的内端时，旋转锁紧帽22，使连接键221进入周向段132的 末端，此时弹簧23的弹力可使锁紧帽22向远离适配器1的方向移动，从而使连接键221卡入周向段132末端的延伸部133，以阻止连接键221沿周向移动，从而防止锁紧帽22与适配器1脱离。
在上述实施例中，由于在连接器组件21外套设了锁紧帽22，且锁紧帽22通过连接键221与旋转锁紧槽13卡接，在安装光纤连接头2与适配器1时，将插芯211与适配器1的插孔11插接后，只需将连接键221旋入旋转锁紧槽13的末端延伸部133即可，不需要转动多圈，省时省力，并且由于连接器组件21和锁紧帽22之间设有弹簧23，在弹簧23的弹力作用下连接键221能够紧密卡接于旋转锁紧槽13的末端延伸部133，由此，即使受到长时间的振动，光纤连接头2与适配器1也不易松脱，能够保证光纤连接器的长期可靠性。
如图8所示，连接键221可以为两个，相应地，所述旋转锁紧槽13也可以为两个，两个所述连接键221与两个所述旋转锁紧槽13一一对应卡接。由此，可使锁紧力分布更加均匀，防止光纤连接头2和适配器1脱离。在设置空间允许的情况下，连接键221和旋转锁紧槽13也可分别设置两个以上，如三个、四个等，在此不做限定。
为了防止连接器组件21相对于适配器1转动，如图9所示，可在保护套212上设置缺口2121，使保护套212为不封闭的结构，相应地，如图6所示，可在环槽12对应所述缺口2121的位置形成分隔筋121，当所述保护套212插入所述环槽12内时，所述分隔筋121对应插入所述缺口2121内。由此，分隔筋121可阻止保护套212旋转，从而防止连接器组件21相对于适配器1转动。
如图9所示，为了便于分隔筋121对准缺口2121，可在缺口2121的外端形成倒角2122，使缺口2121形成喇叭形扩口的形状，由此，即使分隔筋121没有对准缺口2121的中心，也可在倒角2122的导向作用下滑入缺口2121内，当操作人员将适配器1和光纤连接头2插接时，既可以看到插芯211的位置，使插芯211与插孔11对准，又可以利用倒角2122的导向作用使保护套212的缺口2121对准分隔筋121，从而可进一步提高插接效率和插接成功率，能够更有效的保护插头不被损坏。
具体地，如图9所示，倒角2122可以为倒直角，倒直角的结构加工更方便，喇叭形扩口的外端开口可以设置的较大，从而使导向范围更大。如图9所示，单边倒角2122的倾斜角度α可设置为大于或等于0°且小于或等于30°。例如，可将单边倒角2122的倾斜角度α设置为10°、12°、15°、30°等。α的角度选择可以根据实际需要调整，在此不做限定。另外，倒角2122也可以为倒圆角，倒圆角的表面更为平滑，没有棱边，可防止对分隔筋磨损。
具体地，如图4、图5所示，所述连接器组件21包括插芯连接件213、连接轴214和光缆固定装置215，所述插芯连接件213一端设置所述插芯211，另一端与所述连接轴214连接，连接轴214和插芯连接件213之间可通过螺纹连接。连接轴214远离所述插芯连接件213的一端与所述光缆固定装置215连接，所述光缆固定装置215用于固定光缆4，所述连接轴214内设有沿轴向延伸的通孔2141，所述通孔2141用于穿设光缆4的缆芯，所述缆芯穿过所述通孔与插芯211连接。如图7所示，适配器1的插孔11内设有陶瓷套管111，在将光纤连接头2和适配器1对插时，插芯连接件213与插孔11相配合，插芯211与陶瓷套管111相配合。
其中，弹簧23的设置位置可以如图4所示，锁紧帽22套设于所述连接轴214外，所述连接轴214的外壁形成有轴肩2142，所述锁紧帽22的内壁形成有凸台222，所述弹簧23一端与所述轴肩2142抵靠，另一端与所述凸台222抵靠，此时，将锁紧帽22向靠近适配器1的方向推动时，弹簧23被压缩，当连接键221位于周向段132的末端时松开锁紧帽22，锁紧帽22可在弹簧23的复位力作用下向远离适配器1的方向移动，以使连接键221卡入周向段132末端的延伸部133，此时，连接键221在弹簧的弹力作用下长期处于被压紧状态。该结构不需要增加额外的部件即可对弹簧23进行定位安装，安装操作方便。
为了在操作锁紧帽22旋转时便于夹持，如图9所示，可在锁紧帽22的侧壁形成对称的削平平面223，由此在操作锁紧帽22旋转时，可夹持两削平平面223进行旋转操作，从而可防止打滑。为了进一步提高摩擦力，还可在削平平面223上形成防滑沟槽，以增加操作手感。需要说明的是，削平平面223也可以是两两对称的多对，如两对、三对等，在此不做限定。
如图4、图5所示，光缆固定装置215包括尾套2151、热缩套管2152和压接结构2153，热缩套管2152套设于光缆4外，所述压接结构2153用于将光缆4的芳纶纱层与连接轴214压铆在一起，以增加光纤连接头2的抗拉强度。尾套2151套设于所述热缩套管2152外且与所述连接轴214远离所述插芯连接件213的一端连接。由此，可对光纤连接头2尾端的光缆4进行有效的固定，其中，尾套2151可以先加工好再最后套上，也可以用整体注塑的方式最后浇注上，从而可进一步增加光纤连接头2的抗拉强度和密封性。为了对尾套2151进行限位，可在连接轴214的侧壁上设置定位槽，并在定位槽内设置卡环2154，将尾套2151与卡环2154卡接。由此，可防止尾套2151沿轴向移动。
由于在连接光纤连接头2和适配器1时，需要将保护套212的缺口2121和环槽12的分隔筋121对准，且需要将锁紧帽22上的连接键221与适配器1上的旋转锁紧槽13的开口对准，由于适配器1上的分隔筋121和旋转锁紧槽13的开口的相对位置固定，而锁紧帽22可相对于连接器组件21转动，则保护套212的缺口2121和锁紧帽22上的连接键221的相对位置不固定，为了便于对准操作，如图9所示，可在锁紧帽22的外壁上设置指示标记224，该指示标记224可以是箭头或指示线等，可设置该指示标记224的位置，使得当该指示标记224与保护套212的缺口2121对准时，保护套212的缺口2121和锁紧帽22上的连接键221的相对位置与适配器1上的分隔筋121和旋转锁紧槽13的开口的相对位置相适应，此时只需将保护套212的缺口2121和环槽12的分隔筋121对准，则锁紧帽22上的连接键221与适配器1上的旋转锁紧槽13的开口自然会对准。
相应的，为了便于指示光纤连接头2和适配器1是处于锁紧还是松开状态，如图6所示，可在适配器1上设置状态指示符号14，状态指示符号14可以包括符号“0”和符号“1”，其中，符号“0”表示光纤连接头2和适配器1处于松开状态，符号“1”表示光纤连接头2和适配器1处于锁紧状态，由此，当锁紧帽22上的指示标记224指向符号“0”时，连接键221处于旋转锁紧槽13的周向段132的起始端，光纤连接头2和适配器1处于松开状态，光纤连接头2与适配器1可沿轴向X移动分离；当锁 紧帽22上的指示标记224指向符号“1”时，连接键221处于旋转锁紧槽13的周向段132的末端延伸部133，光纤连接头2和适配器1处于锁紧状态，光纤连接头2无法与适配器1沿轴向X移动分离。
为了防止在锁紧帽22旋转时，指示标记224偏离保护套212的缺口2121太远，可在锁紧帽22与所述保护套212之间设置旋转限位结构，所述旋转限位结构用于限定所述锁紧帽22相对于所述连接器组件21的转动角度，以使所述锁紧帽22的转动角度与所述连接键221由所述旋转锁紧槽13的开口旋入旋转锁紧槽13的末端所需的旋转角度相适应。具体地，如图8所示，旋转限位结构包括设置于锁紧帽22内壁的两个间隔设置的第一限位凸起225和设置于保护套212上的第二限位凸起2123，第二限位凸起2123位于两个第一限位凸起225之间。由此，可将锁紧帽22的转动角度限制在一个较小的范围内，从而使得指示标记224不会偏离保护套212的缺口2121太远，以便于对齐操作。
为了防止外界的异物、水气、灰尘等进入光纤连接器内部，如图4、图5所示，可在锁紧帽22与所述连接轴214之间的连接处设置密封圈216，从而防止外界的异物、水气、灰尘等由锁紧帽22与所述连接轴214之间的连接处进入光纤连接器内，从而达到IP68的防护等级。
连接器组件21的第二端和适配器1的第一端在未连接前均处于开放状态，此时为了防止灰尘等异物进入连接器组件21和适配器1内部，如图3、图5所示，可在连接器组件21的第二端可拆卸连接第一防尘帽24，为了防止第一防尘帽24丢失，可将第一防尘帽24通过绳带241连接于尾套2151上，为了使第一防尘帽24在扣合时形成良好的密封作用，可在第一防尘帽24和锁紧帽22之间设置密封圈242。由此，在光纤连接头2未插入适配器1前可起到防尘防水并保护插芯211的作用。如图7所示，在适配器1的第一端可拆卸连接第二防尘帽15，由此，在光纤连接头2未插入适配器1前可起到防尘防水并保护适配器1内陶瓷套管111的作用。当需要连接适配器1和光纤连接头2时，将第一防尘帽24和第二防尘帽15拆下即可。如图10所示，为了使第二防尘帽15在扣合时形成良好的密封作用，适配器1上还设有密封圈151。
由于适配器1通常安装在设备的外壳壁上，如图7所示，适配器1的第二端通过螺纹连接有螺母16，所述适配器1的侧壁设有凸缘17，所述凸缘17与所述螺母16之间设有密封垫18，在安装适配器1时，可先将螺母16拆下，然后将适配器1的第二端穿过设备的外壳壁上的安装孔，最后将螺母16在设备的外壳壁的另一侧拧入适配器1的第二端，此时密封垫18位于凸缘17与设备的外壳壁之间，以对外壳壁上的安装孔密封。为了防止第二防尘帽15丢失，如图7所示，可将密封垫18与第二防尘帽15通过绳带19连接，其中，密封垫18、第二防尘帽15和绳带19可以由同一种材料(如橡胶材料)一体制成。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种光纤连接头，其相关技术特征可参见前述光纤连接器实施例中有关光纤连接头的特征表述，在此不再赘述。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种适配器，其相关技术特征可参见前述光纤连接器实施例中有适配器的特征表述，在此不再赘述。
在本说明书的描述中，具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个 实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种光纤连接头，其特征在于，包括连接器组件，所述连接器组件的第一端用于连接光缆，所述连接器组件的第二端设有插芯，所述插芯的外周设有保护套，所述插芯的端面凸出所述保护套的端面或所述插芯的端面与所述保护套的端面平齐。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述连接器组件外套设有锁紧帽，所述锁紧帽的内孔壁上设有连接键，所述锁紧帽能够相对于所述连接器组件转动，所述连接器组件和所述锁紧帽之间设有弹簧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述连接器组件包括插芯连接件、连接轴和光缆固定装置，所述插芯连接件一端设置所述插芯，另一端与所述连接轴连接，所述连接轴远离所述插芯连接件的一端与所述光缆固定装置连接，所述光缆固定装置用于固定光缆，所述连接轴内设有沿轴向延伸的通孔，所述通孔用于穿设光缆的缆芯，所述缆芯穿过所述通孔与所述插芯连接件上的插芯连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述锁紧帽套设于所述连接轴外，所述连接轴的外壁形成有轴肩，所述锁紧帽的内壁形成有凸台，所述弹簧一端与所述轴肩抵靠，另一端与所述凸台抵靠。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述锁紧帽与所述连接轴之间设有密封圈。
  6. 根据权利要求3-5中任一项所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述光缆固定装置包括尾套、热缩套管和压接结构，所述热缩套管套设于所述光缆外，所述压接结构用于将光缆的芳纶纱层与连接轴压铆在一起，所述尾套套设于所述热缩套管外且与所述连接轴远离所述插芯连接件的一端连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述连接轴的侧壁上设有定位槽，所述定位槽内设有卡环，所述尾套与所述卡环卡接。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述连接器组件的第二端可拆卸连接有第一防尘帽。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任一项所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述保护套具有缺口。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光纤连接头，其特征在于，所述缺口的外端形成有倒角。
  11. 一种光纤连接器，其特征在于，包括：
    适配器，所述适配器的第一端设有插孔和围绕所述插孔设置的环槽；
    光纤连接头，所述光纤连接头为权利要求1-10中任一项所述的光纤连接头；
    所述光纤连接头的插芯插接于所述适配器的插孔内，所述光纤连接头的保护套对应插入所述环槽内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光纤连接器，其特征在于，所述连接器组件外套设有锁紧帽，所述锁紧帽与所述适配器卡接。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光纤连接器，其特征在于，所述锁紧帽能够相对于所述连接器组件转动，所述锁紧帽的内孔壁上设有连接键，所述连接器组件和所述锁紧帽之间设有弹簧，所述适配器的侧壁上开设有旋转锁紧槽，所述旋转锁紧槽包括沿轴 向延伸的轴向段和沿周向延伸的周向段，所述轴向段的外端形成开口，内端与所述周向段连通，所述周向段的末端形成向靠近所述适配器的第一端延伸的延伸部，所述锁紧帽的内孔套接于所述适配器外，所述连接键卡接于所述延伸部内，所述弹簧的弹力能够阻止所述连接键脱离所述延伸部。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的光纤连接器，其特征在于，所述连接键为多个，所述旋转锁紧槽为多个，多个所述连接键与多个所述旋转锁紧槽一一对应卡接。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14中任一项所述的光纤连接器，其特征在于，所述保护套具有缺口，所述环槽对应所述缺口的位置形成有分隔筋，当所述保护套插入所述环槽内时，所述分隔筋对应插入所述缺口内。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的光纤连接器，其特征在于，所述缺口的外端形成有倒角。
  17. 根据权利要求11-16中任一项所述的光纤连接器，其特征在于，所述适配器的第一端可拆卸连接有第二防尘帽，所述适配器的第二端通过螺纹连接有螺母，所述适配器的侧壁设有凸缘，所述凸缘与所述螺母之间设有密封圈，所述密封圈与所述第二防尘帽通过绳带连接。
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CN110596823A (zh) 2019-12-20
PH12020551053A1 (en) 2021-08-02
AR122433A1 (es) 2022-09-14
US11378758B2 (en) 2022-07-05
CO2020009221A2 (es) 2020-10-30

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