WO2020052306A1 - 一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统 - Google Patents

一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052306A1
WO2020052306A1 PCT/CN2019/091922 CN2019091922W WO2020052306A1 WO 2020052306 A1 WO2020052306 A1 WO 2020052306A1 CN 2019091922 W CN2019091922 W CN 2019091922W WO 2020052306 A1 WO2020052306 A1 WO 2020052306A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
link resource
message
measurement message
measurement
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2019/091922
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
毛海燕
刘冰
蒋胜
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP19860564.4A priority Critical patent/EP3716541B1/en
Publication of WO2020052306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052306A1/zh
Priority to US16/931,369 priority patent/US11522786B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/123—Evaluation of link metrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829—Packet loss
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0852—Delays
    • H04L43/087—Jitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
    • H04L45/124—Shortest path evaluation using a combination of metrics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24—Multipath

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method, a device, and a system for determining a message forwarding path.
  • routers Users access Internet resources through the network, routers discover neighbors based on routing protocols, generate and maintain routing tables, and devices along the way (such as routers, switches, etc.) forward packets based on routing tables to complete data interactions between users and servers.
  • IGP interior gateway protocol
  • BGP border gateway protocol
  • IGP protocols include OSPF and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS). Both protocols advertise link state information between neighboring devices, and each router first passes link state information. Generate a global network directed graph, and then calculate the message route based on the shortest path (SPF) algorithm, and generate a routing table to achieve the purpose of forwarding the message along the shortest path.
  • SPF shortest path
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method, a device, and a system for determining a message forwarding path, which can determine a message forwarding path that complies with link resource indication information.
  • a method for determining a packet forwarding path includes:
  • the first device generates a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct each node on the first measurement message forwarding path to perform local link resource measurement;
  • the device sends a first measurement message.
  • the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application sends the first measurement message to the next node on a different forwarding path until it is sent to the third device, so that the third device measures according to each node included in the first measurement message.
  • the local link resource information and link resource instruction information of the device to determine a message forwarding path that conforms to the link resource instruction information.
  • the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarding path of the first measurement message can be obtained without expanding the network protocol, which reduces the burden on the network control plane.
  • the first measurement message further includes link resource information of the first device.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information.
  • the method before the first device generates the first measurement message, the method further includes:
  • the first device receives the forwarding message, and the forwarding message is used to trigger the first device to generate a first measurement message.
  • the first device generates a first measurement message, including:
  • the first device duplicates the header of the received forwarded message to generate a first measurement message.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first device generates a second measurement message, and the second measurement message includes link resource instruction information, and the link resource instruction information is used to instruct the first device to perform local link resource measurement; the first device sends a second measurement message.
  • the second measurement message includes link resource instruction information, and the link resource instruction information is used to instruct the first device to perform local link resource measurement; the first device sends a second measurement message.
  • the second device sends the second measurement message to the forwarding path Next device; when not satisfied, the second device sends a feedback message. Real-time monitoring of the path of forwarded packets is achieved.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first device receives a feedback message; the first device generates a third measurement message, and the third measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the first device to perform local link resource measurement.
  • the third measurement message has the same function as the first measurement message, and is used to determine a path conforming to the link resource indication information.
  • a method for determining a packet forwarding path includes:
  • the second device receives the first measurement message, and the first measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the second device to perform local link resource measurement; the second device measures according to the link resource indication information Local link resource information; the second device sends a first measurement message, and the first measurement message includes local link resource information measured by the second device.
  • the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is convenient for a third device that subsequently receives the first measurement message to determine a path that conforms to the link resource indication information according to the first measurement message received from a different forwarding path, and is used for Forward data packets.
  • the local link resource information of each node on the forwarding path is obtained on the basis of not extending the network protocol, and a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second device determines whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information
  • the second device sends a feedback message to implement real-time monitoring of the link.
  • the method before the second device determines whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information, the method further includes:
  • the second device receives a second measurement message, and the second measurement message includes link resource indication information.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second device When the local link resource information satisfies the link resource indication information, the second device sends a second measurement message, and the second measurement message includes the local link resource information measured by the second device, which realizes the path of the forwarded message. monitor.
  • the method further includes:
  • the second device receives a third measurement message, and the third measurement message includes link resource instruction information, and the link resource instruction information is used to instruct the second device to perform local link resource measurement, and is used for the second device to measure the link resource according to the link resource.
  • the instruction information measures the local link resource information and sends a third measurement message.
  • the third measurement message includes the local link resource information measured by the second device until the third measurement message is sent to the third device. The three devices re-determine the path of the forwarded message according to the third measurement messages received from different forwarding paths.
  • a method for determining a message forwarding path includes:
  • the third device receives a first measurement message.
  • the first measurement message includes link resource indication information and local link resource information measured by each node on a first measurement message forwarding path.
  • the link resource indication information is used to: Instruct the third device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • the third device determines a path for forwarding the message according to the link resource indication information and the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarding path in the first measurement message;
  • the third device sends the information of the path.
  • the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application can establish a fast channel that conforms to the link resource indication information, and realizes the fast forwarding of data packets.
  • the local link resource information of each node on the forwarding path is obtained, and a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information.
  • the third device sends the path information, including:
  • the third device sends the path information through the control channel or the data channel.
  • the method further includes:
  • the third device determines whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information
  • the third device sends a feedback message to implement real-time monitoring of the link.
  • the method before the third device determines whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information, the method further includes:
  • the third device receives the second measurement message, and the second measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the third device to perform local link resource measurement.
  • the method further includes:
  • the third device receives a third measurement message, and the third measurement message includes link resource indication information and local link resource information measured by each node on a forwarding path of the first measurement message; wherein the link resource indication information is used for Instruct the third device to perform local link resource measurement; the third measurement message has the same function as the first measurement message and is used to re-determine the path for forwarding the message.
  • the specific determination process is the same as the process of determining the path of the forwarded message through the first measurement message.
  • a first device has a function of implementing the behavior of the first device in the method of the first aspect.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware, and may also be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • a second device in a fifth aspect, has a function of implementing the behavior of the second device in the method of the second aspect.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware, and may also be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • a third device has a function of implementing the behavior of the third device in the method of the first aspect.
  • the functions may be implemented by hardware, and may also be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the functions described above.
  • a device which includes a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a memory; the transmitter and the receiver are used to send and receive data, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to execute The program stored in the memory to control the device to execute the first aspect or any one of the first aspects, and the method may be designed.
  • a device which includes a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a memory; the transmitter and the receiver are used to send and receive data, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to And execute the program stored in the memory to control the device to execute the second aspect or any one of the second aspects, and the method may be designed.
  • a device which includes a transmitter, a receiver, a processor, and a memory; the transmitter and the receiver are used to send and receive data, the memory is used to store a program, and the processor is used to And execute the program stored in the memory to control the device to perform the third aspect or any one of the third aspects, and the method may be designed.
  • a system which includes the first device in the seventh aspect or any possible implementation manner of the seventh aspect, and the second device in the eighth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the eighth aspect, And the third device in the ninth aspect or any possible implementation manner of the ninth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any one or more of the first to third aspects described above. The method described.
  • a computer program product containing instructions is provided, when the instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the method according to any one or more of the first to third aspects.
  • a method, a device, and a system for determining a packet forwarding path provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a first device generates a first measurement packet and sends the first measurement packet to each node on the forwarding path.
  • the link resource indication information measures local link resource information and sends a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarding path until the first measurement message is sent to
  • the third device when the third device receives the first measurement message sent from a different forwarding path, determines a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information according to the link resource information included in the first measurement message, and is used for Forward the message.
  • the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarded path can be obtained without expanding the network protocol, and the path of the forwarded packet is determined, which reduces the burden on the network control plane.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for determining a packet forwarding path according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for determining a message forwarding path based on real-time measurement according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another method for determining a packet forwarding path according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a network with delay requirements based on iOAM planning provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a network with bandwidth requirements based on iOAM according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of still another device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of still another device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a method, a device, and a system for determining a message forwarding path.
  • the first device in the system receives the forwarding message sent by the user equipment or the server, the first device copies the message header of the forwarded message to generate a measurement message, and the message header includes the source of the source device that sent the forwarded message.
  • the address and the forwarding packet are sent to the target device's destination address, and the generated measurement message also includes the source address and the destination address; the first device according to the link resource instruction information of the forwarded message, such as bandwidth information, delay information, Real-time measurement of local link resource information such as jitter information or packet loss rate information, and write the measured local link resource information into the measurement message; the first device queries the routing table according to the target address in the measurement message to determine the reachable target The next device on the device's path and sends a measurement message to the next device. Among them, there can be multiple paths to the target device.
  • the next device that receives the measurement message performs the same operations as the first device after generating the measurement message: measure the local link resource information, write the local link resource information into the measurement message, and according to the destination address in the measurement message Query the routing table and determine the next device on at least one path that can reach the target device, and send the measurement message to the next device on the corresponding path until the measurement message is sent to the third device; the third device is to measure The last device passed before the message was sent to the target device. After the third device receives the measurement message, it collects statistics on the collected paths, and determines the link resources that satisfy the forwarded message according to the link resource indication information of the forwarded message and the local link resource information measured by each device on the forwarded path.
  • the first device may be referred to as an ingress device or an initial device; and the third device may be referred to as an egress device.
  • the device that the measurement message passes between the first device and the third device is called a second device, and may also be called a transmit device.
  • the service provider when the user terminal accesses the server through the network, the service provider will provide different services for different users, in other words, the service provider will set different link resource instructions according to different forwarding messages. Information to meet the needs of the server when sending the content requested by the user terminal to the user terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a system architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a content delivery network (CDN) server such as Youku or Tencent
  • CND content delivery network
  • a VIP user accesses Youku live video
  • Youku needs to ensure that video playback is delayed.
  • the CDN server sends video data, it requests a delay to the first device (such as device J in FIG. 1).
  • device J When device J forwards the video data, it generates a measurement message and measures the local link resource information of multiple reachable paths in real time, writes the local link resource information into the measurement message, and queries the routing table according to the destination address to determine the reachable path.
  • Device H / device I / device G the device H / device I / device G that received the measurement message writes the local link resource information measured in real time into the measurement message, and queries the reachability according to the destination address.
  • the next device E / device F / device D on the path sends a measurement message until the measurement message is sent to the third device, device A.
  • device A collects path JHEBA, path JIFCA, path JGDBA, and path. JGDCA and local link resource information measured by each device on each path.
  • Device A plans a path that meets the requirements from these 4 paths and sends it to device J so that device J can transmit video data according to the planned path. .
  • the embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that “link” and “path” mentioned in the embodiments of the present application have the same meaning. In addition, the “first”, “second”, and “third” in the embodiments of the present application are for distinguishing things, and do not limit the things themselves.
  • the “forwarded message” mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a “message”. In the embodiment of the present application, the forwarded message may be a data message.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for determining a packet forwarding path according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 2, the method may include the following steps:
  • the first device generates a first measurement message.
  • the first measurement message includes link resource instruction information, and the link resource instruction information is used to instruct each node on the forwarding path of the first measurement message to perform local link resource measurement.
  • the first measurement message is used by each node on the forwarding path to measure the local link resources according to the link resource indication information to obtain local link resource information.
  • the local link resource information refers to link resource information obtained by each node and measured on the local link resources of each node, for example, link resource information such as the bandwidth of the current node.
  • the first device receives the forwarding packet sent by the user equipment or the server.
  • the first device triggers the first device to generate a first measurement message.
  • the forwarded message received by the first device may also be referred to as a message.
  • the forwarding message here can be either a data message or another trigger message.
  • the specific process for the first device to generate the first measurement message may be: when the first device receives the data message, the first device copies a packet header of the data message to generate the first measurement message.
  • the data packet includes a source address and a destination address.
  • the source address is an address corresponding to a source device that sends the data packet
  • the destination address is an address corresponding to a target device to which the data packet is sent.
  • the first measurement message includes target address and link resource indication information.
  • the link resource indication information refers to demand information to be satisfied by a link that sends data packets, for example, demand information such as delay information, broadband information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information.
  • the first device sends a first measurement message.
  • the first measurement message includes local link resource information measured by the first device according to the link resource indication information.
  • the link resource indication information may include at least one of delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, or jitter information.
  • jitter information also known as jitter
  • jitter rate can also be called jitter rate, which is the amount of network delay change; it is generated by any two adjacent data packets of the same application passing through the network delay in the transmission route; the jitter rate can be determined by the phase The difference between adjacent packet delay times is divided by the packet sequence number difference.
  • the first device may send the first measurement message to the next device on the first measurement message forwarding path.
  • the next device to which the first device sends the first measurement message may be referred to as the first device. Two devices.
  • the first device may send a first measurement message to a second device on a different forwarding path.
  • the second device measures local link resource information according to the link resource indication information in the received first measurement message.
  • the second device When the second device receives the first measurement message sent by the first device, it measures the local link resource information according to the link resource indication information in the first measurement message, and writes the measured local link resource information into the first A measurement message.
  • the link resource indication information may be at least one of link resource indication information such as delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information of the forwarded packet.
  • the link resource indication information is bandwidth information.
  • the second device receives the first measurement message, it measures the corresponding bandwidth information such as the maximum reservable bandwidth or the remaining bandwidth on the local link, and correspondingly measures the maximum reservable bandwidth or the remaining bandwidth of the local link after the measurement.
  • the bandwidth information is written into the first measurement message.
  • the second device sends a first measurement message.
  • the second device sends the first measurement message to the next device on the forwarding path, and then the next device performs the same processing as the second device until the first measurement message is sent to the previous device of the target device.
  • the previous device that reaches the target device is referred to as the third device.
  • the forwarding path from the first device to the third device may include one or more second devices.
  • the third device determines a path for forwarding the message according to the received first measurement message.
  • the third device receives the first measurement message forwarded through a different path, that is, the third device receives at least one first measurement message. It can be understood that each first measurement message in the at least one first measurement message includes a local link resource measured by each device on the first measurement message forwarding path according to the link resource indication information.
  • the third device determines the forwarding according to the received link resource indication information in the received first measurement message and the local link resource information measured by each device included in each of the at least one first measurement message.
  • the path of the message where the link resource indication information is used to instruct the third device to perform local link resource measurement, and the link resource indication information is also used to indicate required link resource information, for example, required to forward a data message Meet 500M bandwidth, or 50ms delay for forwarding data packets.
  • the third device compares the local link resource information in the first measurement message received from each forwarding path according to the link resource instruction information to determine a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information.
  • the link resource indication information is bandwidth information. Assume that the link required to forward packets guarantees 300M bandwidth.
  • the third device is device F.
  • Device F receives the forwarding path from: device A-device C-device F and the forwarding path: Two first measurement messages of device A-device D-device F.
  • the first measurement message carries local link resource information measured by device A, device C, and device D: forwarding path device A-device C-device
  • the remaining bandwidth from device A to device C measured by device A is 500M
  • the remaining bandwidth from device C to device F measured by device C is also 500M.
  • device A-device D-device F device A measures device A to The remaining bandwidth of device D is 500M, and the remaining bandwidth of device D to device F measured by device D is 200M. Then device F compares the remaining bandwidth measured by each node on the two forwarding paths with the required bandwidth of 300M for the link that requires packet forwarding. It can be seen that the forwarding path: the bandwidth of device A-device C-device F meets the forwarding The link bandwidth requirement of the message, then in this embodiment, the device F will determine the forwarding path device A-device C-device F as the path for forwarding the message.
  • the third device sends path information.
  • the third device sends the path information to the first device, or at least one second device and the first device on the path.
  • the information about the path sent by the third device includes:
  • the third device sends the information of the path to the first device or each device on the path through the control channel.
  • the control channel refers to a dedicated channel established between the first device, at least one second device, and a third device, and the dedicated channel can be used for configuration information.
  • the path information sent by the third device includes:
  • the third device sends the information of the path to the first device or each device on the path through the data channel. For example, along the determined path, the information of the path is sent to each device along the path, so that the first device establishes a fast forwarding tunnel to facilitate subsequent fast forwarding of data packets.
  • the type of the fast forwarding tunnel is based on the current network forwarding type of the network, for example, based on segment routing (SR) and multi-protocol label switching. switching, MPLS) technology.
  • node A is the first device
  • node K is the third device
  • G, and node D are both called second devices.
  • node A After node A generates a measurement message, it writes the measured local link resource information into the measurement message, and queries the routing table according to the destination address to determine the next node B and node D on multiple links, and copies the measurement message. Send measurement messages to Node B and Node D, respectively.
  • node B and node D After receiving the measurement message, node B and node D write the respective measured local link resource information into the measurement message, and query the routing table to determine the next hop node according to the destination address.
  • Node B determines node E and node D determines the node. G, node B sends a measurement message to node E, and node D sends a measurement message to node G, until the above two measurement messages are sent to node K.
  • the node K After the node K receives the measurement message, it determines whether to use the link A-B-E-G-K or the link A-D-G-K to forward the message according to the link resource indication information of the forwarded message.
  • node K determines to use the link ABEGK to forward the message, and node K sends the information of link ABEGK to node A, or node K sends the information of link ABEGK to the nodes on the link, that is, to node G, node D and node A.
  • node A, node B, node D, node E, and node G can determine the next device that forwards the measurement message according to certain rules.
  • the routing table can be queried according to the target address. To determine the next device on a different forwarding path that can reach the target device.
  • This rule can be customized according to requirements. For example, in an intricate network, there are countless forwarding paths that can reach the target device. In order to avoid too many measurement messages in the network, when selecting the next device to forward the measurement message, you can only choose the equivalent multipath route ( The next device on an equal-cost multi-path routing (ECMP) link can also choose the next device on the first few links with higher priority.
  • ECMP equal-cost multi-path routing
  • the method may further include:
  • the first device generates a second measurement message.
  • the first device After the path for forwarding the packet is determined according to the steps in FIG. 2, the first device generates a second measurement packet periodically or periodically.
  • the second measurement message includes link resource indication information, and is used to instruct the first device to perform local link resource measurement.
  • the first device generates a second measurement message, measures local link resource information, and writes the link resource information into the second measurement message. Due to network resource conditions, at this time, the local link resource information measured by the first device may be different from the local link resource information measured when the first device generates the first measurement message, that is, the second measurement message includes The local link resource information measured by the first device may be different from the local link resource information measured by the first device included in the first measurement message.
  • the link resource indication information in the second measurement message is used to instruct each node on the path determined in each step of FIG. 2 to measure local link resource information, and determine whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information.
  • the second measurement message is used to detect whether the path determined by the first measurement message meets the link resource indication information of the forwarded message.
  • the second measurement message is forwarded one by one along the determined path. During the forwarding process, if any device on the path determines that the path does not satisfy the link resource indication information of the forwarded message, step S108 is performed.
  • the first device receives a feedback message sent by the second device or the third device, and generates a third measurement message.
  • any device on the path determines that the local link resource information does not satisfy the link resource indication information, it sends a feedback message to the first device.
  • the first device receives the feedback message and generates a third measurement message.
  • the third measurement message also includes link resource indication information, and the local link resource information measured and written by the first device when the third device generates the third measurement message. .
  • the third measurement message is used to re-determine the path of the forwarded message.
  • the process of re-determining the path for forwarding a message is similar to the process of steps S101 to S106 in FIG. 2, and is not repeated here for brevity description.
  • the method further includes:
  • the first device When the first device receives the data packet, the first device queries whether a fast forwarding tunnel for forwarding the data packet has been established according to the target address.
  • the first device determines whether to establish a fast forwarding tunnel for sending data packets according to the data packets to be sent.
  • the link resource indication information corresponding to the data packet of live video is delay information
  • the link resource indication information corresponding to the data packet for big data transmission is bandwidth information.
  • the link resource indication information at this time is the delay information, and a fast forwarding tunnel for forwarding packets needs to be established according to the delay information.
  • the forwarding message does not include link resource indication information, and there is no need to establish a fast forwarding tunnel.
  • the data message can be forwarded through the default link.
  • the first device obtains a packet header of the data packet and generates a first measurement packet.
  • the subsequent execution process is the same as steps S101 to S106 in FIG. 2, and is not described here for brevity description.
  • the forwarded packet is sent to the target device through the default link.
  • the link resource indication information may be at least one of link resource indication information such as delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information of the forwarded packet.
  • the embodiment of the present application is described with the link resource indication information being delay information, that is, the request for forwarding a packet is delayed.
  • This embodiment describes a method for determining a path with a delayed demand based on in-band operation management, administration, and maintenance (iOAM) in an ECMP / SR scenario.
  • iOAM in-band operation management, administration, and maintenance
  • the forwarding network is based on SR tunnel forwarding. Nodes SIDs and adjacency SIDs have been allocated between the devices through the Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) protocol (for example, the Node SID of node A in the figure is 1, and the adScID For 11 and 12).
  • IGP Interior Gateway Protocol
  • the extended iOAM is used for the collection of link resources along the way, and the self-organizing control plane (ACP) control channel based on the research of the self-organizing network integration model (ANIMA) control channel announces the planned path.
  • ACP self-organizing control plane
  • ANIMA self-organizing network integration model
  • node A is called an ingress device, and it can also be called a first device
  • node E is called an egress device, and it can also be called a third device.
  • a node is referred to as a transmitting device, and may also be referred to as a second device.
  • the ingress device When the ingress device receives the data packet sent by node P, the ingress device copies the packet header of the data packet to generate a measurement packet.
  • the message header includes a message IP header, a source address X of a source device P (ie, a P node) that sends a data message, and a destination address Y of a target device Q to which the message is sent.
  • the measurement message includes IP header, resource requirements information, iOAM header, node metadata, and so on.
  • the resource requirement information here is link resource indication information, that is, 500 ms of delay information required to send a data message.
  • the ingress device generates a measurement message, measures local link resource information, and writes the measured local link resource information into the measurement message.
  • the type of the measured local link resource information written in the iOAM extension header of the measurement message is the delay statistics (dalay statistics), among which, statistics (ST); the node metadata is written with the node SID, adjacency, SID, Send the message timestamp and other information, such as the local link resource information of the forwarding path from node A to node B measured by node A.
  • nodeSID is 1, adjacencySID is 11, assuming that the message timestamp is 00ms, no delay,
  • the node metadata written in the measurement message is NodeA metadata: 1:11, 00:00, as shown in Figure 5.
  • the local link resource information is written into the measurement message.
  • the ingress device queries the routing table according to the destination address Y, selects the next device (that is, the sending device) on multiple paths that can reach the destination address Y, and copies and sends it. Measurement message.
  • a sending device a node B, a node C may be selected, and a measurement message is sent to the node B and the node C.
  • Node B and node C receive the measurement message, measure local link resource information, such as the time of the measurement message received from each forwarding path, and write the local link resources measured in real time to the measurement message.
  • the local link resource information measured by Node B the time when the measurement message was received (for example, 50ms), the local link resource information was written into the measurement message, and the time when the measurement message was received, compared to the time when node A sent
  • the time of the message is 00ms with a delay of 50ms, that is, the local link resource information written by Node B in the measurement message is the delay of 50ms in NodeA metadata.
  • Node B receives the measurement message, measures the local link resource information, and writes the local link resource information into the measurement message.
  • Encapsulating the measurement message takes time. Assuming these operations take 50 ms, ideally, Node B Send the measurement message to the next device (such as node D) in 100ms, the node SID of node B is 2, and the adidency SID of node B to node D is 21, then node B writes NodeB metadata in the measurement message: 2: 21,00: 100ms. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, it is assumed that each node measures local link resource information and writes the local link resource information into a measurement message, and it takes 50 ms to encapsulate the measurement message.
  • Node B and Node C write the measured local link resource information into the measurement message, query the routing table according to the destination address Y, select the next device on multiple paths that can reach the destination address Y, and copy and forward the message until Send the measurement message to node E, that is, the egress device.
  • the next device selected by node B is node D
  • the next device selected by node C is node E.
  • the sending device receives the measurement message, it calculates the link delay based on the time when the measurement message was received and the timestamp of the previous message sent by the previous device in the measurement message. Whether the delay does not exceed the required delay of 500ms.
  • Node B After receiving a measurement message, Node B calculates a link delay of 50 ms based on the time (for example, 50 ms) when the measurement message was received and the time stamp 0 ms of the measurement message sent by Node A in the measurement message. Delay requirements exceeding 500ms.
  • the local link resource information that NodeB will measure in real time A / B link delay, local node SID, adjacency SID , Send the message timestamp, etc. into the measurement message and send it to node D.
  • node C does the same calculation processing as node B receives the measurement message: calculates and determines the delay, and then queries the next device based on the destination address; When reaching node Y, only the measurement message is sent to node E.
  • the egress device After receiving the measurement message, the egress device summarizes the links carried in the measurement message: ABDE and the link: local link resource information measured by each node in the ACE, and determines from the two links that the user delay requirements are met. path. Specifically, the egress device (ie, the node E) receives the measurement message sent from the node D. As shown in FIG. 5, in the measurement message from the node D to the node E, NodeD metadata: 4: 41,00: 200ms, That is, the sending timestamp of the measurement message sent by node D to node E is 200ms.
  • the time stamp of measurement message sent by node D is received by node E It's 250ms.
  • the time stamp for the measurement message received by node E from node C is 300 ms.
  • Node E compares the delays of two links (link 1: ABDE, link 2: ACE), and finds that the delay of link 1 is low, that is, 250 ms ⁇ 300 ms, so link 1 is selected as the data path fast forwarding chain road.
  • the egress device announces the planned path to the ingress device in the control channel.
  • the control channel may be an ACP control channel defined based on the ANIMA working group. As shown in FIG. 5, a control channel is drawn, and a node E to a node A control channel.
  • the ingress device After the ingress device receives the planned link information sent by the egress device, it establishes a fast forwarding tunnel and forwards the packet based on the SR. After that, the ingress device can periodically generate and send measurement packets to check whether the link meets the delay requirement. If not, it can regenerate measurement packets and replan the path for forwarding the packets.
  • network devices (such as devices on each path from node A to node E) complete real-time measurement and collection of delay information based on iOAM. Each device participates in path decision-making, and a time-based Delay the path of demand.
  • the distributed path decision greatly reduces the burden of the controller in the centralized control mode.
  • IGP information about the link delay information.
  • real-time measurement and collection of delay information can be completed on the data plane.
  • Paths can be planned based on delay requirements, reducing the burden on the control plane.
  • the embodiment of the present application is described with the link resource indication information being bandwidth information, that is, there is a bandwidth requirement for forwarding a message.
  • This embodiment describes a method for determining a path with a bandwidth requirement in an MPLS scenario.
  • the forwarding network forwards based on the MPLS tunnel.
  • the extended iOAM is used to collect link resources along the way, and the ANIMA-based ACP control channel announces the planned path.
  • node A is called an ingress device
  • node E and node F are respectively called egress devices
  • node B and node on the path that node A to node E or node A to node F pass through C and node D are called transmitting devices.
  • the ingress device When the ingress device receives the data packet sent by the node P, the ingress device duplicates the header of the data packet to generate a measurement packet.
  • the message header includes a message IP header.
  • the source address X of the source device P and the destination address Y of the destination device Q are sent.
  • the measurement message includes IP header, resource requirement information, iOAM header, and node metadata.
  • the ingress device generates a measurement message, measures local link resource information, and writes the measured local link resource information into the measurement message.
  • the local link resource information may include a device address, a maximum reservable bandwidth, a remaining bandwidth, and the like. In this embodiment, the local link resource information is described using the remaining bandwidth as an example.
  • the ingress device that is, the node A writes the type of the measured local link resource information into the iOAM extension header of the measurement message.
  • the type of the measured local link resource information is bandwidth statistics.
  • BWST bandwidth wide statistics
  • node metadata is written: NodeA metadata: 1/0 / 1,500M, where 1/0/1 is the name of the interface between node A and node B, 500M refers to the remaining bandwidth of node A.
  • Node A writes the local link resource information into the measurement message. After the encapsulation is completed, it queries the routing table according to the destination address Y, selects the next device (that is, the sending device) of multiple paths that can reach the destination address Y, and sends the measurement report. As shown in FIG. 6, the sending devices selected by node A are node B and node C.
  • the sending device receives the measurement message and writes the local link resources measured in real time into the measurement message.
  • Node B writes the measured local link resources into the measurement message.
  • the specific writing is: NodeB metadata: 1/0 / 2, 500M, where 1/0/2 is the name of the interface between Node B and Node D, and 500M is the remaining bandwidth of Node B.
  • Query the routing table according to the destination address Y select the next device on multiple paths that can reach the destination address Y, and forward the measurement message until the measurement message is sent to node E or node F, that is, the egress device.
  • the node B and the point C respectively write the measured local link resource information: the interface name between the devices, and the remaining bandwidth into the measurement message and send it Measure the message to the next sending device.
  • the remaining bandwidth of node C is only 50M, which does not meet the bandwidth requirement of sending 100M data packets, so the path from node C to node D is not available.
  • the remaining bandwidth of node B is 500M, which satisfies the requirement of sending a data packet of 100M, and node B sends a measurement packet to node D.
  • Node D receives the measurement message sent by node B, writes the interface name and remaining bandwidth between the devices into the measurement message, and sends the measurement messages to node E and node F, respectively.
  • Node E that is, the engress device receives the measurement packet and determines that the remaining bandwidth of the received link meets the 100M bandwidth requirement for sending data packets, it determines that the link is a link that forwards data packets quickly, for example, node E
  • the link is a link that forwards data packets quickly, for example, node E
  • node D After receiving the measurement message sent by node D, it is determined that node D to node E, the remaining bandwidth of the node is 500M, and the remaining bandwidth of node E to node Q is 500M, 500M is greater than 100M, and it is determined that link 1: ABDE is a message fast Forwarding link.
  • Node E can announce the information of link 1 to the ingress node (namely, node A), node B, and node D in the control channel. Among them, the control pass may be based on the ACP control channel defined by the ANIMA working group.
  • node F receives the measurement message and determines that the remaining bandwidth of node D in the measurement message sent by node D is 200M. On this link, the remaining bandwidth of node E to node Q is 100 equal to 100M.
  • Path 2 ABDF is used as a link for fast message forwarding, and the information of link 2 is sent to node A, node B, and node D.
  • Node A receives the information of link 1 and link 2, selects one of the two links as the link for sending data packets quickly, and initiates bandwidth resource reservation and label allocation (such as resource reservation Protocol (resource protocol, RSVP), which forwards data packets based on MPLS.
  • bandwidth resource reservation and label allocation such as resource reservation Protocol (resource protocol, RSVP), which forwards data packets based on MPLS.
  • RSVP resource reservation Protocol
  • the link used as a fast forwarding message may be a link: P-A-B-D-E-Q.
  • network devices (such as devices on each path from node A to node E or node F) complete the real-time collection of bandwidth information based on iOAM. Each device participates in path decision-making, and a bandwidth-based plan is distributedly planned. The path of demand.
  • the distributed path decision greatly reduces the burden of the controller in the centralized control mode.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not need to expand the IGP to collect link bandwidth information. Based on iOAM packets, the bandwidth information collection can be completed on the data plane. The path can be planned based on bandwidth requirements to reduce the burden on the control plane.
  • FIG. 7 is a device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be the ingress device described in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, that is, the first device.
  • the device may include a generating unit 710 and a sending unit 720.
  • the generating unit 710 is configured to generate a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes link resource instruction information, and the link resource instruction information is used to instruct each node on the first measurement message forwarding path to perform local link resource measurement. ;
  • the sending unit 720 is configured to send a first measurement message.
  • the sending unit 720 sends the first measurement message to the next node on a different forwarding path until it is sent to the third device, so that the third device measures the local chain measured by each node on the forwarding path included in the first measurement message.
  • the path resource information and the link resource indication information determine a message forwarding path that conforms to the link resource indication information.
  • the information of the local link resources of each measurement on the forwarding path of the first measurement message can be obtained without expanding the network protocol, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the first measurement message further includes link resource information of the first device.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, jitter information, and the like.
  • the device further includes a receiving unit 730.
  • the receiving unit 730 is configured to receive a forwarding message, and the forwarding message is used to trigger the first device to generate First measurement message.
  • the generating unit 710 generates the first measurement message, which includes: the generating unit 710 duplicates a packet header of the forwarded message to generate the first measurement message.
  • the generating unit 710 is further configured to generate a second measurement message, where the second measurement message includes link resource indication information; and the first device sends the second measurement message.
  • the second measurement message includes link resource indication information
  • the first device sends the second measurement message.
  • the second device sends the second measurement message to the forwarding path The next device; when not satisfied, the second device sends a feedback message to implement real-time monitoring of the path of the forwarded message.
  • the receiving unit 730 is further configured to receive a feedback message
  • the generating unit 710 is further configured to generate a third measurement message, where the third measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the role or function of the third measurement message and the third measurement message is the same and is used to re-determine compliance The path of the link resource indication information.
  • the link resource information is also used to instruct each node on the third measurement message forwarding path to perform local link resource measurement.
  • the sending unit 720 is further configured to send a third measurement message, so that when the second device receives the third measurement message, The link resource indication information in the text measures the local link resource information and sends a third measurement message to the next device until it is sent to the third device.
  • the third measurement message includes the local link measured by the second device. Resource information; after receiving the third measurement message, the third device determines a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information, and sends the path information to the first measurement device.
  • the feedback message includes information that the path does not satisfy the link resource indication information.
  • the first device receives the feedback message, it generates a third measurement message, and the third measurement message is used to re-determine the path for forwarding the message.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be the sending device described in FIGS. 1 to 6, that is, the second device.
  • the device includes a receiving unit 810, a measuring unit 820, and a sending unit 830.
  • the receiving unit 810 is configured to receive a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • a measurement unit 820 configured to measure local link resource information according to the link resource indication information
  • the sending unit 830 is configured to send a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes local link resource information measured by the second device.
  • a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined according to the first measurement messages received from different forwarding paths, and is used for forwarding the message.
  • the local link resource information of each node on the forwarding path is obtained on the basis of not extending the network protocol, and a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, jitter information, and the like.
  • the device further includes a determining unit 840.
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive a second measurement message, where the second measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • the determining unit 840 is configured to determine whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information
  • the sending unit 830 sends a feedback message to implement real-time monitoring of the link;
  • the sending unit 830 sends a second measurement message to implement real-time monitoring of the path of the forwarded message.
  • the second measurement message is used to detect whether the path of the forwarded message satisfies the link resource indication information.
  • the determining unit 840 autonomously determines whether the local link resource information satisfies the link resource indication information; when the local link resource information does not satisfy the link resource indication information, the sending unit 830 sends feedback Message to achieve real-time monitoring of the link.
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive a third measurement message, and the third measurement message includes link resource indication information, and is used to indicate each node on the third measurement message forwarding path. Perform local link resource measurement.
  • the third measurement message has the same meaning as the first measurement message.
  • the third measurement message is passed. Re-determine the path for forwarding data packets. The specific process is:
  • the measurement unit 820 measures local link resource information according to the link resource indication information
  • the sending unit 830 sends a third measurement message, and the third measurement message includes local link resource information measured by the second device.
  • the device In order to facilitate subsequent receiving of the third measurement message, the device re-determines the path for forwarding the message according to the third measurement message.
  • the functions of the functional units in the device may be implemented by using the second device in the embodiments shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6 or the steps performed by the sending device. Therefore, the device provided in the embodiment of the present application The specific working process is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be an egress device described in FIGS. 1 to 6, that is, a third device.
  • the device includes a receiving unit 910, a determining unit 920, and a sending unit 930.
  • the receiving unit 910 is configured to receive a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes link resource indication information, and local link resource information measured by each node on a forwarding path of the first measurement message. Instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • a determining unit 920 configured to determine a path for forwarding a message according to the link resource indication information and the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarding path in the first measurement message;
  • the sending unit 930 is configured to send path information, and then establish a fast channel that conforms to the link resource instruction information, and implements fast packet forwarding. At the same time, on the basis of not extending the network protocol, the local link resource information of each node on the forwarding path is obtained, and a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the first measurement message received by the receiving unit 910 may be a measurement message sent from at least two different forwarding paths, that is, the received first measurement message may be It is two or more.
  • the first measurement message received by the receiving unit 910 may also be a measurement message from a forwarding path, and then the determining unit 920 determines that the path is a path for quickly forwarding a data packet.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information.
  • the sending unit sends the path information, including:
  • the sending unit 930 sends the information of the path through the control channel.
  • the sending of the path information by the sending unit includes:
  • the sending unit 930 sends path information through a data channel.
  • the device further includes a measurement unit 940.
  • the receiving unit 910 is further configured to receive a second measurement message, where the second measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement.
  • the link resource indication information in the second measurement message is used to determine whether the local link resource information measured by each node on the path of the forwarded message determined in S101 to S106 in FIG. 2 still meets the link resource indication information.
  • the determining unit 920 measures the local link resource information according to the link resource instruction information, and determines whether the local link resource information satisfies the link resource instruction information;
  • the sending unit 930 sends a feedback message; when the local link resource information satisfies the link resource instruction information, the sending unit 930 sends a second measurement message, and the second measurement message
  • the text includes the local link resource information measured by the measurement unit 940, which realizes the monitoring of the path of the forwarded packet.
  • the determining unit 920 autonomously determines whether the local link resource information satisfies the link resource indication information, and when not, the sending unit 930 sends a feedback message.
  • the receiving unit 910 is further configured to receive a third measurement message, where the third measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the first measurement message measured by each node on the forwarding path.
  • Local link resource information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • the determining unit 920 is further configured to re-determine the path for forwarding the message according to the link resource indication information and the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarding path in the at least one first measurement message;
  • the sending unit 930 is further configured to send path information, so as to re-determine a path for forwarding a packet.
  • the third measurement packet has the same function as the first measurement packet.
  • the third measurement packet is passed. Re-determine the path for forwarding packets.
  • the third measurement message received by the receiving unit 910 may also be one, two, or more.
  • FIG. 10 is a device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be the ingress device described in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, that is, the first device.
  • the device may include a processor 1010 and a transmitter 1020.
  • the processor 1010 is configured to generate a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes link resource instruction information, and the link resource instruction information is used to instruct each node on the forwarding path of the first measurement message to perform local link resource measurement. ;
  • the transmitter 1020 is configured to send a first measurement message.
  • the sender 1020 sends the first measurement message to the next node on a different forwarding path until it is sent to a third device, so that the third device measures the local chain measured by each node on the forwarding path included in the first measurement message.
  • the path resource information and the link resource indication information determine a packet forwarding path that conforms to the link resource indication information, and sends the path information to the first device, or the first device and each node on the path, and then establishes according to the path information.
  • Fast forwarding tunnel for forwarding packets.
  • the information of the local link resources of each measurement on the forwarding path of the first measurement message can be obtained without expanding the network protocol, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the first measurement message further includes link resource information of the first device.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information.
  • the device further includes a receiver 1030 for receiving a forwarded message, and the forwarded message is used to trigger the first device to generate a first measurement message.
  • the processor 1010 generating the first measurement message includes: the processor 1010 copies a packet header of the forwarded message to generate the first measurement message.
  • the processor 1010 is further configured to generate a second measurement message, where the second measurement message includes link resource indication information; so that the receiver determines the measurement after receiving the second measurement message Whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information; when it is satisfied, the sender sends the second measurement message to the next device on the forwarding path; when it is not satisfied, the sender sends a feedback message to realize the forwarding Monitoring of message path.
  • the second measurement message includes link resource indication information
  • the receiver 1030 is further configured to receive a feedback message
  • the processor 1010 is further configured to generate a third measurement message, where the third measurement message includes link resource instruction information, and the link resource instruction information is also used to instruct each node on the third measurement message forwarding path to perform a local link.
  • the transmitter 1020 is further configured to send a third measurement message.
  • the feedback message includes information that the path does not satisfy the link resource indication information.
  • the first device receives the feedback message, it generates a third measurement message.
  • the role of the third measurement message is the same as that of the first measurement message.
  • the path of the forwarded packet determined by the first measurement cannot be the forwarded packet or the link resource indication information is not satisfied, the path of the forwarded packet is re-determined by the third measurement packet.
  • FIG. 11 is a device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be the sending device described in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, that is, the second device.
  • the device may include a receiver 1110, a processor 1120, and a transmitter 1130.
  • the receiver 1110 is configured to receive a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • a processor 1120 configured to measure local link resource information according to the link resource indication information
  • the sender 1130 is further configured to send a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes local link resource information measured by the second device.
  • a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined according to the first measurement messages received from different forwarding paths, and is used for forwarding the message.
  • the local link resource information of each node on the forwarding path is obtained on the basis of not extending the network protocol, and a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, jitter information, and the like.
  • the receiver 1110 is further configured to receive a second measurement message, where the second measurement message includes link resource indication information; the second measurement message is used to detect whether a path of the forwarded message meets the link resource indication information;
  • the processor 1120 is further configured to measure local link resource information according to the link resource instruction information, and determine whether the local link resource information meets the link resource instruction information;
  • the transmitter 1130 is further configured to send a second measurement message when the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information, and the second measurement message includes the local link resource information measured by the second device, and implements the forwarding message. Monitoring of the path of the text.
  • the sender 1130 is further configured to send a feedback message when the local link resource information does not satisfy the link resource indication information.
  • the processor 1120 may also autonomously determine whether the local link resource information meets the link resource indication information, and when it is not satisfied, the transmitter 1130 sends a feedback message.
  • the receiver 1110 is further configured to receive a third measurement message, where the third measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement.
  • the processor 1120 is further configured to measure local link resource information according to the link resource indication information;
  • the sender 1130 is further configured to send a third measurement message, where the third measurement message includes local link resource information measured by the second device.
  • the device In order to facilitate subsequent receiving of the third measurement message, the device re-determines the path for forwarding the message according to the third measurement message.
  • the role of the third measurement message is the same as that of the first measurement message.
  • the path of the forwarded packet determined by the first measurement cannot be the forwarded packet or the link resource indication information is not satisfied, the path of the forwarded packet is re-determined by the third measurement packet.
  • FIG. 12 is a device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be an egress device described in FIG. 1 to FIG. 6, that is, a third device.
  • the device may include a receiver 1210, a processor 1220, and a transmitter 1230.
  • a device is provided, and the device includes:
  • the receiver 1210 is configured to receive a first measurement message, where the first measurement message includes link resource indication information, and local link resource information measured by each node on a forwarding path of the first measurement message, and the link resource indication information is used for Instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • the processor 1220 is configured to determine a path for forwarding a message according to the link resource indication information and the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarding path in the first measurement message;
  • the sender 1230 is also used to send path information, thereby establishing a fast channel that conforms to the link resource indication information, and realizes fast forwarding of the message.
  • the local link resource information of each node on the forwarding path is obtained, and a path that conforms to the link resource instruction information is determined, thereby reducing the burden on the network control plane.
  • the receiver 1210 receives the first measurement packets sent on different forwarding paths, that is, the received first measurement packets may be one, two, or more. Each.
  • the link resource indication information includes at least one of the following information: delay information, bandwidth information, packet loss rate information, and jitter information.
  • the transmitter 1230 is configured to send path information, including:
  • the transmitter 1230 sends the information of the path through the control channel.
  • the sender 1230 sends the path information, including:
  • the transmitter 1230 sends the information of the path through the data channel.
  • the receiver 1210 is further configured to receive a second measurement message, where the second measurement message includes link resource indication information, and the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • the processor 1220 is further configured to measure local link resource information according to the link resource instruction information, and determine whether the local link resource information meets the link resource instruction information;
  • the sender 1230 is further configured to send a feedback message when the local link resource information does not satisfy the link resource indication information, thereby implementing monitoring of a path for forwarding a message.
  • the processor 1220 spontaneously determines whether the local link resource information satisfies the link resource indication information; when not, the transmitter 1230 sends a feedback message.
  • the receiver 1210 is configured to receive at least one third measurement message, and the third measurement message includes link resource indication information and a local measured by each node on the first measurement message forwarding path.
  • Link resource information, the link resource indication information is used to instruct the device to perform local link resource measurement;
  • the processor 1220 is further configured to re-determine a path for forwarding the message according to the link resource indication information and the local link resource information measured by each node on the forwarding path in the at least one first measurement message;
  • the sender 1230 is further configured to send path information, so as to re-determine a path for forwarding a packet.
  • the role of the third measurement message is the same as that of the first measurement message.
  • the path of the forwarded packet determined by the first measurement cannot be the forwarded packet or the link resource indication information is not satisfied, the path of the forwarded packet is re-determined by the third measurement packet.
  • the receiver 1210 may receive one, two, or more, that is, at least one third measurement message.
  • FIG. 10, FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 may further include a memory for storing instructions and data.
  • the device in FIG. 10, FIG. 11, and FIG. 12 may include a processor, and the processor is coupled to the memory and reads and executes instructions in the memory to complete FIGS. 2 to 6, respectively.
  • Method steps corresponding to the first device, the second device, and the third device For brevity description, it will not be repeated here.
  • the receiver and the memory included in the device in FIG. 10, FIG. 11, and FIG. 12 may be a component, such as a transceiver, which can complete the receiving of instructions and data, and can also complete Command and data transmission.
  • the receiver and the transmitter may be one or more communication interfaces.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a system including a first device in FIG. 10, a second device in FIG. 11, and a third device in FIG. 12.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the methods described in FIG. 2 to FIG.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product containing instructions, and when the instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the methods described in FIG. 2 to FIG. 6 described above.
  • all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented in software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable medium to another computer-readable medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website site, computer, server, or data center through a cable (Such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) for transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, a data center, and the like that includes one or more available medium integration.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统，该方法包括：第一设备生成第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，第一测量报文链路资源指示信息用于指示第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测测量；第一设备向转发路径上的下一设备发送第一测量报文，第一测量报文中包括第一设备测量的本地链路资源信息；直到通过第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点将第一测量报文转发至第三设备，第三设备接收从不同转发路径发送的第一测量报文，根据从不同转发路径上接收到的第一测量报文中的本地链路资源信息确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径。

Description

一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统。
背景技术
用户通过网络访问互联网(internet)资源，路由器之间基于路由协议发现邻居，生成和维护路由表，沿途设备(如路由器、交换机等)根据路由表转发报文完成用户和服务器之间的数据交互。
传统路由技术主要包括内部网关协议(interior gateway protocol，IGP)和边界网关协议(border gateway protocol，BGP)，两种协议都基于最短路径规划路由。目前常用的IGP协议包括OSPF和中间系统到中间系统协议(intermediate system to intermediate system，IS-IS)，两种协议都通过相邻设备间通告链路状态信息，每台路由器先通过链路状态信息生成一张全局网络有向图，然后基于最短路径(shortest path first，SPF)算法计算报文路由，生成路由表，以达到报文沿最短路径转发的目的。
但是传统路由技术都是通过最短路径计算报文路由，这样做会导致网络负载不均。且随着5G、物联网(internet of things，IOT)等技术的不断深入，传统路由技术已经不能满足大宽带、低时延、低抖动等多方面的应用需求。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统，能确定出符合链路资源指示信息的报文转发路径。
第一方面，提供了一种报文转发路径的确定方法，该方法包括：
第一设备生成第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量；第一设备发送第一测量报文。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，将第一测量报文发送至不同转发路径上的下一节点，直至发送到第三设备，以便于第三设备根据第一测量报文中包括的各个节点测量的本地链路资源信息和链路资源指示信息，确定出符合链路资源指示信息的报文转发路径。同时，在确定路径的过程中，不需要扩展网络协议就可以获取到第一测量报文转发路径上的各个节点测量的本地链路资源信息，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
在一种可能的设计中，第一测量报文还包括第一设备的链路资源信息。
在一种可能的设计中，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
在一种可能的设计中，在第一设备生成第一测量报文之前，该方法还包括：
第一设备接收转发报文，转发报文用于触发第一设备生成第一测量报文。
在一个可能的设计中，第一设备生成第一测量报文，包括：
第一设备复制接收到的转发报文的报文头生成第一测量报文。
在另一种可能的设计中，该方法还包括：
第一设备生成第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第一设备进行本地链路资源测量；第一设备发送第二测量报文。以便于第二设备接收到第二测量报文后，确定第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；当满足时，第二设备将第二测量报文发送给转发路径上的下一设备；当不满足时，第二设备发送反馈消息。实现了对转发报文的路径的实时监控。
在一个可能的设计中，该方法还包括：
第一设备接收反馈消息；第一设备生成第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第一设备进行本地链路资源测量。第三测量报文与第一测量报文的作用相同，用于确定符合链路资源指示信息的路径。
第二方面，提供了一种报文转发路径的确定方法，该方法包括：
第二设备接收第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第二设备进行本地链路资源测量；第二设备根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息；第二设备发送第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，便于后续接收到第一测量报文的第三设备，根据从不同转发路径接收到的第一测量报文确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，以用于转发数据报文。同时，在不扩展网络协议的基础上获取转发路径上各节点的本地链路资源信息，并确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
在一个可能的设计中，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
在一个可能的设计中，该方法还包括：
第二设备确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；
当本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，第二设备发送反馈消息，实现了对链路的实时监控。
在一个可能的设计中，在第二设备确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息之前，该方法还包括：
第二设备接收第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息。
在另一个可能的设计中，该方法还包括：
当本地链路资源信息满足链路资源指示信息时，第二设备发送第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息，实现了对转发报文的路径的监控。
在一个可能的设计中，该方法还包括：
第二设备接收第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第二设备进行本地链路资源测量，以用于第二设备根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息，并发送第三测量报文，第三测量报文中包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息，直至将第三测量报文发送至第三设备，由第三设备根据从不同转发路径接收到的第三测量报文重新确定转发报文的路径。
第三方面，提供了一种报文转发路径的确定方法，该方法包括：
第三设备接收第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息；其中，链路资源指示信息用于指示第三设备进行本地链路资源测量；
第三设备根据链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文中转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息确定转发报文的路径；
第三设备发送路径的信息。
本申请实施例提供的技术方案，可以建立符合链路资源指示信息的快速通道，实现了数据报文的快速转发。同时，在不扩展网络协议的基础上，获取转发路径上各节点的本地链路资源信息，并确定符合链路资源指示信息的路径，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
在一个可能的设计中，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
在一个可能的设计中，第三设备发送路径的信息，包括：
第三设备通过控制通道或数据通道发送路径的信息。
在一个可能的设计中，该方法还包括：
第三设备确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；
当本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，第三设备发送反馈消息，实现了链路的实时监控。
在一个可能的设计中，在第三设备确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息之前，该方法还包括：
第三设备接收第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第三设备进行本地链路资源测量。
在一个可能的设计中，该方法还包括：
第三设备接收第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息；其中，链路资源指示信息用于指示第三设备进行本地链路资源测量；第三测量报文与第一测量报文的作用相同，用于重新确定转发报文的路径。其具体确定过程与通过第一测量报文确定转发报文的路径的过程相同。
第四方面，提供了一种第一设备，该第一设备具有实现上述第一方面方法中第一设备行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多于一个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第五方面，提供了一种第二设备，该第二设备具有实现上述第二方面方法中第二设备行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多于一个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第六方面，提供了一种第三设备，该第三设备具有实现上述第一方面方法中第三设备行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。 所述硬件或软件包括一个或多于一个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第七方面，提供一种设备，该设备包括发送器、接收器、处理器和存储器；所述发送器和接收器用于发送、接收数据，所述存储器用于存放程序；所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的所述程序，以控制所述设备执行上述第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能设计所述的方法。
第八方面，提供了一种设备，该设备包括发送器、接收器、处理器和存储器；所述发送器和接收器用于发送、接收数据，所述存储器用于存放程序；所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的所述程序，以控制所述设备执行上述第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能设计所述的方法。
第九方面，提供了一种设备，该设备包括发送器、接收器、处理器和存储器；所述发送器和接收器用于发送、接收数据，所述存储器用于存放程序；所述处理器用于执行所述存储器存储的所述程序，以控制所述设备执行上述第三方面或第三方面中任一种可能设计所述的方法。
第十方面，提供了一种系统，该系统包括第七方面或第七方面任一可能实现方式中的第一设备，第八方面或者第八方面任一可能实现的方式中的第二设备，以及第九方面或者第九方面中任一可能实现方式中的第三设备。
第十一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述第一方面至第三方面中任一方面或者多方面所述的方法。
第十二方面，提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第三方面中任意一方面或多方面所述的方法。
本申请实施例提供的一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统，第一设备生成第一测量报文，并发送给转发路径上的各节点，各节点根据第一测量报文中的链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息，并发送第一测量报文，其中第一测量报文中包括转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，直至将第一测量报文发送至第三设备，第三设备接收到从不同转发路径发送的第一测量报文时，根据第一测量报文中包括的链路资源信息，确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，以用于转发报文。同时，在确定转发报文的路径过程中，不需要扩展网络协议就可以获取到转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，进而确定转发报文的路径，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种系统架构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种报文转发路径的确定方法流程示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种基于实时测量的报文转发路径的确定方法流程示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的另一种报文转发路径的确定方法流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种基于iOAM规划有时延需求的网络示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种基于iOAM规划有带宽需求的网络示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种设备的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种设备的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种设备的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种设备的结构示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的另一种设备的结构示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的又一种设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供了一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统。当系统中的第一设备接收到用户设备或者服务器发送的转发报文时，第一设备复制转发报文的报文头生成测量报文，报文头中包括发送转发报文的源设备的源地址和转发报文被发送至目标设备的目标地址，生成的测量报文中也包括源地址和目标地址；第一设备按照转发报文的链路资源指示信息，例如带宽信息、时延信息、抖动信息或丢包率信息等实时测量本地链路资源信息，并将测量的本地链路资源信息写入测量报文；第一设备根据测量报文中的目标地址查询路由表，确定可达目标设备的路径上的下一设备，并将测量报文发送给下一设备。其中，可达目标设备的路径可以有多条。收到测量报文的下一设备执行与第一设备生成测量报文后相同的操作：测量本地链路资源信息，将本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，根据测量报文中的目标地址查询路由表，并确定可达目标设备的至少一条路径上的下一设备，将测量报文发送给对应路径的下一设备，直至将测量报文发送至第三设备；第三设备是将测量报文发送至目标设备之前经过的最后一个设备。第三设备接收到测量报文后，统计收集到的路径，根据转发报文的链路资源指示信息和转发路径上各个设备测量的本地链路资源信息，确定出满足转发报文的链路资源指示信息的路径，并将确定出的路径的信息发送给第一设备，或者路径上的设备，其中，路径上的设备包括第一设备，进而完成转发报文的发送。减轻了集中控制模式下控制器的负担。
在本申请实施例中，第一设备可以称为入口(ingress)设备，也可以称为初始设备；第三设备可以称为出口(egress)设备。测量报文从第一设备到第三设备之间经过的设备称为第二设备，也可以称为发送(transmit)设备。
在本申请实施例中，当用户终端通过网络访问服务器时，服务提供商会针对不同用户提供不同的服务，换句话讲，就是服务提供商会根据不同的转发报文设定不同的链路资源指示信息，以满足服务器将用户终端所请求的内容发送至用户终端时的需求。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种系统架构图。如图1所示，当用户的终端通过网络访问内容转发网络(content delivery network，CDN)服务器(如：优酷、腾讯)时，沿途经过交换机、路由器等设备。CND服务提供商需要针对不同用户提供不同的服务，当某VIP用户访问优酷直播视频，优酷需要保证视频播放延时。CDN服务器发送视频数据的同时，向第一设备(如图1中的设备J)提出时延需求。设备J在转发视频数据时，生成测量报文并实时测量多条可达路径的本地链路资源信息，将本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，根据目标地址查询路由表确定可达路径上的下一设备H/设备I/设备G，再由接收到测量报文的设备H/设备I/设备G将自身实时测量的本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，根据目标地址查询可达路径上的下一设备E/设备F/设备D，发送测量 报文，直至将测量报文发送到第三设备，即设备A，此时设备A收集到路径J-H-E-B-A，路径J-I-F-C-A，路径J-G-D-B-A和路径J-G-D-C-A，以及各条路径上各个设备测量的本地链路资源信息，设备A从这4条路径中规划出一条满足需求的路径，并发送给设备J，以便于设备J根据规划的路径传输视频数据。
下面结合附图对本申请实施例进行描述。需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中提到的“链路”与“路径”表达相同的意义。另外，本申请实施例中的“第一”，“第二”和“第三”是为了区分事物，并不对事物本身进行限定。本申请实施例中提到的“转发报文”也可以称为“报文”，在本申请实施例中，转发报文可以是数据报文。
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种报文转发路径的确定方法流程示意图。如图2所示，该方法可以包括以下步骤：
S101，第一设备生成第一测量报文。
第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量。换句话讲，第一测量报文用于转发路径上的各个节点根据链路资源指示信息进行本地链路资源的测量，以得到本地链路资源信息。
其中，各个节点是转发第一测量报文路径上经过的各个设备。本地链路资源信息是指各节点测量的各节点本地的链路资源得到的链路资源信息，例如，当前节点的带宽等链路资源信息。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，第一设备接收用户设备或者服务器发送的转发报文。当第一设备接收到转发报文时，触发第一设备生成第一测量报文。在本申请实施例中，第一设备接收到的转发报文也可以称为报文。这里的转发报文既可以是数据报文，也可以是其它触发报文。
示例性的，第一设备生成第一测量报文的具体过程可以为：当第一设备接收到数据报文时，第一设备复制数据报文的报文头生成第一测量报文。
其中，数据报文中包括源地址和目标地址，源地址是发送数据报文的源设备对应的地址，目标地址是数据报文被发送到的目标设备对应的地址。第一测量报文中包括目标地址和链路资源指示信息。链路资源指示信息是指发送数据报文的链路所要满足的需求信息，例如时延信息、宽带信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息等需求信息。
S102，第一设备发送第一测量报文。
第一测量报文中包括第一设备根据链路资源指示信息测量的本地链路资源信息。可选地，链路资源指示信息可以包括时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息或抖动信息中的至少一项。其中，抖动信息也就是抖动，也可以称为抖动率，是网络延迟的变化量；它是由同一应用的任意两个相邻数据包在传输路由中经过网络延迟而产生；抖动率可以由相邻数据包延迟时间差除以数据包序号差得到。
第一设备可以向第一测量报文转发路径上的下一设备发送第一测量报文，在本申请实施例中，第一设备将第一测量报文发送到的下一设备可以称为第二设备。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，第一设备可以向不同转发路径上的第二设备发送第一测量报文。
S103，第二设备根据接收到的第一测量报文中的链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息。
当第二设备接收到第一设备发送的第一测量报文时，根据第一测量报文中的链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息，并将测量的本地链路资源信息写入第一测量报文。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，链路资源指示信息可以是转发报文的时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息等链路资源指示信息中的至少一项。
例如，链路资源指示信息是带宽信息。当第二设备接收到第一测量报文时，测量本地链路上最大可预留带宽或剩余带宽等相应的带宽信息，并将测量后本地链路的最大可预留带宽或剩余带宽等相应的带宽信息写入第一测量报文。
S104，第二设备发送第一测量报文。
第二设备将第一测量报文发送给转发路径上的下一设备，然后该下一设备执行与第二设备相同的处理，直至第一测量报文被发送至目标设备的前一设备。在本申请实施例中，将到达目标设备的前一设备称为第三设备。
在本申请实施例中，从第一设备到第三设备的转发路径上，可以包括一个或者多个第二设备。
S105，第三设备根据接收到的第一测量报文确定转发报文的路径。
第三设备接收通过不同路径转发过来的第一测量报文，即，第三设备接收至少一个第一测量报文。可以理解的是，上述至少一个第一测量报文中的每一个第一测量报文包括该第一测量报文转发路径上的各个设备根据链路资源指示信息测量的本地链路资源。
第三设备根据接收到的第一测量报文中的链路资源指示信息，以及至少一个第一测量报文中的每一个第一测量报文包括的各个设备测量的本地链路资源信息确定转发报文的路径，其中，链路资源指示信息用于指示第三设备进行本地链路资源测量，链路资源指示信息还用于指示所需求的链路资源信息，例如，转发数据报文所需求满足500M的带宽，或者转发数据报文需求满足50ms时延等。示例的，第三设备根据链路资源指示信息比较从每条转发路径上接收到的第一测量报文中的本地链路资源信息，确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径。
例如，链路资源指示信息是带宽信息，假设要求转发报文的链路保证300M带宽，第三设备是设备F，设备F接收到来自转发路径：设备A-设备C-设备F和转发路径：设备A-设备D-设备F的两个第一测量报文，第一测量报文中携带设备A、设备C和设备D测量的本地链路资源信息：转发路径设备A-设备C-设备中，设备A测量的设备A到设备C的剩余带宽是500M，设备C测量的设备C到设备F的剩余带宽也是500M，转发路径设备A-设备D-设备F中，设备A测量的设备A到设备D的剩余带宽是500M，设备D测量的设备D到设备F的剩余带宽是200M。那么设备F根据两条转发路径上各节点测量的剩余带宽与要求转发报文的链路需保证的带宽300M进行对比，可以看出，转发路径:设备A-设备C-设备F的带宽满足转发报文的链路带宽需求，那么在该实施例中，设备F会确定转发路径设备A-设备C-设备F作为转发报文的路径。
S106，第三设备发送路径的信息。
第三设备将路径的信息发送给第一设备，或者路径上的至少一个第二设备和第一设备。
可选地，在一个实施例中，第三设备发送路径的信息，包括：
第三设备通过控制通道将路径的信息发送给第一设备，或者路径上的每一个设备。其中，控制通道是指第一设备、至少一个第二设备与第三设备之间建立的专用通道，该专用通道可以用于配置信息。
可选地，在另一个实施例中，第三设备发送路径的信息，包括：
第三设备通过数据通道将路径的信息发送给第一设备，或者路径上的每一设备。示例的，沿确定出的路径，将路径的信息发送给沿途的每一个设备，以使第一设备建立快速转发隧道，便于后续快速转发数据报文。在本申请实施例中，建立快速转发隧道的过程中，快速转发隧道的类型是基于网络的当前网络转发类型，例如基于分段路由(segment routing，SR)、多协议标签交换(multi-protocol label switching，MPLS)技术等。
采用本申请实施例的技术方案，减轻了网络的负担。
例如图3所示，在图3中，节点A是第一设备，节点K是第三设备，节点A到节点K所经过的转发路径:A-B-E-G-K和转发路径A-D-G-K上的节点B、节点E、节点G，以及节点D均称为第二设备。节点A生成测量报文后，将测量的本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，并根据目标地址查询路由表，确定多条链路上的下一个节点B和节点D，复制测量报文，分别将测量报文发送至节点B和节点D。节点B和节点D接收到测量报文后将各自测量的本地链路资源信息分别写入测量报文，并根据目标地址查询路由表确定下一跳节点，节点B确定节点E，节点D确定节点G，节点B将测量报文发送给节点E，节点D将测量报文发送给节点G，直至将上述两个测量报文发送至节点K。节点K接收到测量报文后，根据转发报文的链路资源指示信息确定采用链路A-B-E-G-K，还是链路A-D-G-K来转发报文。假设节点K确定采用链路A-B-E-G-K来转发报文，节点K将链路A-B-E-G-K的信息发送给节点A，或者节点K将链路A-B-E-G-K的信息发送给链路上的节点，即发送给节点G、节点D和节点A。
在本申请实施例中，节点A、节点B、节点D、节点E和节点G可以按照一定的规则确定转发测量报文的下一设备，在本申请实施例中，可以根据目标地址查询路由表，确定可达目标设备的不同转发路径上的下一设备，这个规则可以根据需求自定义。例如，在错综复杂的网络中，有无数条可以到达目标设备的转发路径，为了避免网络中测量报文太多，在选择转发测量报文的下一设备时，可以只选择等价多路径路由(equal-cost multi-path routing，ECMP)链路上的下一设备，也可以选择优先级较高的前几条链路上的下一设备。其具体规则在本申请实施例中不作限定。
可选地，在本申请的一个实施例中，如图4所示，该方法还可以包括：
S107，第一设备生成第二测量报文。
根据图2的步骤确定了转发报文的路径后，第一设备会定时或者周期性的生成第二测量报文。第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，用于指示第一设备进行本地链路资源测量。第一设备生成第二测量报文，测量本地链路资源信息，并将链路资源信息写入第二测量报文中。由于网络资源的情况，此时，第一设备测量的本地链路资源信 息可能与第一设备生成第一测量报文时测量的本地链路资源信息不相同，也就是第二测量报文中包括的第一设备测量的本地链路资源信息可能与第一测量报文中包括的第一设备测量的本地链路资源信息不同。
第二测量报文中的链路资源指示信息用于指示图2各步骤确定的路径上的各节点测量本地链路资源信息，并确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息。换句话讲，第二测量报文用于检测通过第一测量报文确定的路径是否满足转发报文的链路资源指示信息。第二测量报文沿确定的路径上的设备逐一转发，在转发的过程中，如果路径上的任意一个设备确定路径不满足转发报文的链路资源指示信息时，执行S108。
S108，第一设备接收第二设备或第三设备发送的反馈消息，并生成第三测量报文。
当路径上的任一设备确定本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，即向第一设备发送反馈消息。第一设备接收到反馈消息，生成第三测量报文，第三测量报文中也包括链路资源指示信息，以及第一设备生成第三测量报文时测量并写入的本地链路资源信息。第三测量报文用于重新确定转发报文的路径。重新确定转发报文的路径的过程与图2的步骤S101至S106的过程类似，为简洁描述在此不再赘述。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，该方法还包括：
当第一设备接收到数据报文时，第一设备根据目标地址查询是否已经建立了转发数据报文的快速转发隧道。
当建立了转发数据报文的快速转发隧道时，通过建立的快速转发隧道发送数据报文。
当未建立发送数据报文的快速转发隧道时，第一设备根据需要发送的数据报文确定是否建立发送数据报文的快速转发隧道。其中，需要发送的数据报文的类型与链路资源指示信息可以存在对应关系。例如，视频直播的数据报文对应的链路资源指示信息为时延信息；大数据传输的数据报文对应的链路资源指示信息为带宽信息。示例性的，某VIP客户访问某视频网站的直播视频，需要保证视频播放的播放时延，则此时链路资源指示信息为时延信息，需要根据时延信息建立转发报文的快速转发隧道。
当然，在一个实施例中，如果数据报文是普通的业务，那么转发报文中不包括链路资源指示信息，也不需要建立快速转发隧道，可以通过默认的链路转发数据报文。
在建立快速转发隧道过程中，第一设备获取数据报文的报文头生成第一测量报文。后续执行过程与图2中的步骤S101至S106的步骤相同，为简洁描述，在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，在通过测量报文确定转发报文的路径的同时，转发报文通过默认的链路发送至目标设备。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，链路资源指示信息可以是转发报文的时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息等链路资源指示信息中的至少一项。
示例的，以链路资源指示信息是时延信息对本申请实施例进行描述，即转发报文有时延要求。该实施例描述的是，在ECMP/SR场景下，基于带内应用管理与维护(in-band operations,administration,and maintenance，iOAM)确定有时延需求的路径的方法。
如图5所示，假设节点P和节点Q之间要求时延在500ms以内。转发网络基于SR隧道转发，设备间已通过内部网关协议(interior gateway protocol，IGP)协议分配 了节点(Node)SID和邻接(adjacency)SID(如：图中节点A的Node SID为1，adjacency SID为11和12)。扩展iOAM用于沿途链路资源收集，基于自组织网络集成模型研究(autonomic networking integrated model approach，ANIMA)的自组织控制平面(autonomic control plane，ACP)控制通道通告已规划路径。
在图5中，节点A称为入口(ingress)设备，也可以称为第一设备，节点E称为出口(egress)设备，也可以称为第三设备，节点A到节点E路径上经过的节点称为发送(transmit)设备，也可以称为第二设备。
当ingress设备接收到节点P发送的数据报文时，Ingress设备复制数据报文的报文头生成测量报文。其中，报文头中包括报文IP头(header)，发送数据报文的源设备P(即P节点)的源地址X和报文被发送到的目标设备Q的目标地址Y。测量报文包括IP header，资源需求信息(resource needs)，iOAM头(header)，节点元数据(node metadata)等。这里的资源需求信息是链路资源指示信息，即发送数据报文所需的时延信息500ms。
ingress设备生成测量报文，测量本地链路资源信息，并将测量的本地链路资源信息写入测量报文。测量报文的iOAM扩展头中写入测量的本地链路资源信息的类型是时延统计(dalay statistics)，其中，统计(statistics，简称ST)；节点元数据中写入node SID、adjacency SID、发送报文时间戳等信息，例如节点A测量的转发路径节点A到节点B的本地链路资源信息，node SID是1，adjacency SID是11，假设发送报文时间戳是00ms，无时延，那么写入测量报文中的节点元数据是NodeA metadata：1:11,00：00ms，如图5所示。本地链路资源信息被写入测量报文，完成封装后，ingress设备根据目标地址Y查询路由表，选择可达目标地址Y的多条路径上的下一设备(即发送设备)，复制并发送测量报文。在本申请实施例中，可以基于ECMP链路选择方法，分别选择发送设备：节点B、节点C，并将测量报文发送给节点B和节点C。
节点B和节点C接收到测量报文，测量本地链路资源信息，例如从各个转发路径上接收到的测量报文的时间等信息，将各自实时测量的本地链路资源写入测量报文。例如节点B测量的本地链路资源信息：接收到测量报文的时间(例如50ms)，将本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，写入接收到测量报文的时间，相比节点A发送报文的时间00ms时延50ms，即节点B写入测量报文的本地链路资源信息为NodeA metadata中的时延是50ms。节点B接收到测量报文，测量本地链路资源信息，以及将本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，封装测量报文均需要时间，假设这些操作需要耗时50ms，理想的认为节点B在100ms将测量报文发送给下一设备(如节点D)，节点B的node SID是2，节点B到节点D的adjacency SID是21，那么节点B在测量报文中写入NodeB metadata：2:21,00:100ms。需要说明的是，在该实施例中，假设每个节点测量本地链路资源信息，以及将本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，封装测量报文均需要耗时50ms。
节点B和节点C将测量的本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，根据目标地址Y查询路由表，选择可达目标地址Y的多条路径上的下一设备，复制并转发报文，直至将测量报文发送至节点E，即egress设备，在图5中，节点B选择的下一设备是节点D，节点C选择的下一设备是节点E。在该实施例中，当发送设备接收到测量报文后，根据接收到测量报文的时间，以及测量报文中已有的上一设备发送测量报文的时间戳计 算链路时延，确定时延是否未超过500ms的需求时延。例如，节点B接收到测量报文后，根据接收到测量报文的时间(如50ms)以及测量报文中已有的节点A发送测量报文的时间戳0ms计算链路时延50ms，确定是否超过500ms的时延需求，在该实施例中，达到节点B的时延50ms未超过500ms，节点B将实时测量的本地链路资源信息：A/B链路时延，本地node SID、adjacency SID、发送报文时间戳等写入测量报文，发送给节点D。同样，节点C接收到测量报文后，与节点B接收到测量报文一样，做相同的计算处理：计算并判断时延，再根据目标地址查询下一设备；此时当发现通过节点F不可达节点Y时，只将测量报文发送到节点E。
egress设备接收到测量报文，汇总测量报文中携带的链路:A-B-D-E，以及链路：A-C-E中各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，从两条链路中确定出符合用户时延要求的路径。具体的，egress设备(即节点E)接收到从节点D发送来的测量报文，如图5所示，节点D到达节点E的测量报文中，NodeD metadata：4:41,00:200ms，也就是，节点D发送测量报文给节点E的发送时间戳是200ms，这里假设测量报文被节点D发送到节点E耗时50ms，那么节点E接收到节点D发送的测量报文的时间戳是250ms。同样，假设测量报文被节点C发送到节点E需耗时50ms，那么节点E接收到节点C发送的测量报文的时间戳是300ms。节点E比较两条链路(链路1：A-B-D-E，链路2：A-C-E)的时延，发现链路1的时延较低，即250ms<300ms，所以选择链路1作为数据路快速转发链路。在一个实施例中，egress设备在控制通道内将规划路径通告给ingress设备。其中，控制通道可以是基于ANIMA工作组定义的ACP控制通道，如图5中画出一条控制通道，节点E到节点A控制通道。
ingress设备接收到egress设备发送的规划的链路的信息后，建立快速转发隧道，基于SR转发报文。此后，ingress设备可定时生成并发送测量报文检测链路是否满足时延需求，如果不满足时，再重新生成测量报文，重新规划转发报文的路径。
在本申请实施例中，网络设备(如从节点A到节点E各条路径上的设备)基于iOAM完成时延信息实时测量和收集，每台设备都参与路径决策，分布式规划出一条基于时延需求的路径。
在本申请实施例中，通过分布式的路径决策，大大减轻了集中控制模式下的控制器负担。在本申请实施例不需要扩展IGP来收集链路时延信息，基于iOAM报文在数据面就能完成时延信息实时测量和收集，可以基于时延需求规划路径，减轻了控制面负担。
示例的，以链路资源指示信息是带宽信息对本申请实施例进行描述，即转发报文有带宽要求。该实施例描述的是，在MPLS场景下，确定有带宽需求的路径的方法。
如图6所示，假设节点P和节点Q之间要求带宽大于或等于100Mbps，转发网络基于MPLS隧道转发。扩展iOAM用于沿途链路资源收集，基于ANIMA的ACP控制通道通告已规划路径。
在图6中，节点A称为入口(ingress)设备，节点E和节点F分别称为出口(egress)设备，节点A到节点E或节点A到节点F所经过的路径上的节点B、节点C和节点D称为发送(transmit)设备。
当ingress设备接收到节点P发送的数据报文时，ingress设备复制数据报文的报文头生成测量报文。其中，报文头中包括报文IP头(header)，发送报文的源设备P的源地址X和报文被发送到目标设备Q的目标地址Y。测量报文包括IP header，资源需求信息(resource needs)，iOAM头(header)，节点元数据(node metadata)。
ingress设备生成测量报文，测量本地链路资源信息，并将测量的本地链路资源信息写入测量报文。本地链路资源信息可以包括设备地址、最大可预留带宽或剩余带宽等，在该实施例中，本地链路资源信息以剩余带宽为例进行说明。如图6所示，ingress设备，即节点A将测量的本地链路资源信息的类型写入测量报文的iOAM扩展头中，该实施例中，测量的本地链路资源信息的类型是带宽统计(band wide statistics)，band wide statistics简写为BW ST；节点元数据中写入：NodeA metadata：1/0/1,500M，这里的1/0/1是节点A和节点B之间的接口名称，500M是指A节点的剩余带宽。
节点A将本地链路资源信息写入测量报文，完成封装后，根据目标地址Y查询路由表，选择可达目标地址Y的多条路径的下一设备(即发送设备)，并发送测量报文，如图6所示，节点A选择的发送设备是节点B和节点C。
发送设备接收到测量报文，将各自实时测量的本地链路资源写入测量报文，例如节点B将测量的本地链路资源写入测量报文，具体的写入：NodeB metadata：1/0/2，500M，这里的1/0/2是节点B和节点D之间的接口名称，500M是节点B的剩余带宽。根据目标地址Y查询路由表，选择可达目标地址Y的多条路径的下一设备，并转发测量报文，直至将测量报文发送至节点E或节点F，即egress设备。
在该实施例中，节点B和节点C接收到测量报文后，节点B和几点C分别将测量的本地链路资源信息：设备间的接口名称，剩余带宽写入测量报文，并发送测量报文至下一发送设备。在该实施例中，节点C到节点D的这条路径上，节点C的剩余带宽只剩下50M，不满足发送数据报文100M的带宽要求，所以节点C到节点D的路径不通。在节点B到节点D这条路径上，节点B的剩余带宽是500M满足发送数据报文100M的要求，节点B发送测量报文到节点D。节点D接收到节点B发送的测量报文，将设备间的接口名称、剩余带宽写入测量报文，并将测量报文分别发送到节点E和节点F。
节点E，即engress设备接收到测量报文，确定接收到的链路的剩余带宽满足发送数据报文100M的带宽要求时，会确定此链路为快速转发数据报文的链路，例如节点E接收到节点D发送的测量报文，确定节点D到节点E，节点的剩余带宽是500M，且节点E到节点Q的剩余带宽是500M，500M大于100M，确定链路1：A-B-D-E作为报文快速转发的链路。节点E可以在控制通道内将链路1的信息通告给ingress节点(即A节点)、节点B和节点D。其中，控制通过可以是基于ANIMA工作组定义的ACP控制通道。
同样，节点F接收到测量报文，确定节点D发送的测量报文中节点D的剩余带宽是200M，在该条链路上，节点E到节点Q的剩余带宽是100等于100M，也将链路2：A-B-D-F作为报文快速转发的链路，并将链路2的信息发送到节点A、节点B和节点D。
节点A收到链路1和链路2的信息，从两条了链路中选择一条链路作为快速发送数据报文的链路，并发起带宽资源预留和标签分配(如：资源预留协议(resource reservation protocol，RSVP))，基于MPLS转发数据报文。
需要说明的是，示例的，在图6中，作为快速转发报文的链路可以是链路：P-A-B-D-E-Q。
在本申请实施例中，网络设备(如从节点A到节点E或节点F各条路径上的设备)基于iOAM完成带宽信息实时收集，每台设备都参与路径决策，分布式规划出一条基于带宽需求的路径。
在本申请实施例中，通过分布式的路径决策，大大减轻了集中控制模式下的控制器负担。本申请实施例不需要扩展IGP来收集链路带宽信息，基于iOAM报文在数据面就能完成带宽信息收集，可以基于带宽需求规划路径，减轻控制面负担。
上文描述了报文转发路径的确定方法，下面结合附图7至附图12描述本申请实施例提供的设备。
图7为本申请实施例提供的设备。该设备可以是图1至图6中描述的ingress设备，即第一设备。
如图7所示，该设备可以包括生成单元710和发送单元720。
生成单元710，用于生成第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量；
发送单元720，用于发送第一测量报文。
发送单元720将第一测量报文发送至不同转发路径上的下一节点，直至发送到第三设备，以便于第三设备根据第一测量报文中包括的转发路径上各个节点测量的本地链路资源信息和链路资源指示信息确定出符合链路资源指示信息的报文转发路径。同时，在确定路径的过程中，不需要扩展网络协议就可以获取到第一测量报文转发路径上的各个测量的本地链路资源信息，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
可选地，在一个实施例中，第一测量报文还包括第一设备的链路资源信息。
可选地，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息等。
可选地，在一个实施例中，该设备还包括接收单元730，在第一设备生成第一测量报文之前，接收单元730用于接收转发报文，转发报文用于触发第一设备生成第一测量报文。
可选地，在一个实施例中，生成单元710生成第一测量报文，包括：生成单元710复制转发报文的报文头生成第一测量报文。
可选地，在一个实施例中，生成单元710，还用于生成第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息；第一设备发送第二测量报文。以便于第二设备接收到第二测量报文后，确定第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；当满足时，第二设备将第二测量报文发送给转发路径上的下一设备；当不满足时，第二设备发送反馈消息，实现了对转发报文的路径的实时监控。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元730，还用于接收反馈消息；
生成单元710，还用于生成第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，第三测量报文和第三测量报文的作用或功能是相同的，用于重新确定符合链路资源指示信息的路径。链路资源信息还用于指示第三测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量。
其具体过程与通过第一测量报文确定转发路径的过程相同：发送单元720，还用于发送第三测量报文，以便于第二设备接收到第三测量报文时，根据第三测量报文中的链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息，并将第三测量报文发送给下一设备，直到发送至第三设备，第三测量报文中包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息；第三设备接收到第三测量报文后，确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，并将路径的信息发送给第一测量设备。具体描述过程可参见图2中的步骤S101至S106的步骤，为简洁描述，在此不再赘述。
其中，反馈消息包括路径不满足链路资源指示信息的信息。第一设备接收到反馈消息时，生成第三测量报文，第三测量报文用于重新确定转发报文的路径。
该设备中的各功能单元的功能，可以通过图2和图6中所示实施例中的第一设备所执行的各步骤来实现，因此，本申请实施例提供的设备的具体工作过程，在此不复赘述。
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种设备的结构示意图。如图8所示，该设备可以是图1至图6中描述的发送设备，即第二设备。该设备包括接收单元810、测量单元820和发送单元830。
接收单元810，用于接收第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
测量单元820，用于根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息；
发送单元830，用于发送第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息。以便于后续接收到第一测量报文的第三设备，根据从不同转发路径接收到的第一测量报文确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，以用于转发报文。同时，在不扩展网络协议的基础上获取转发路径上各节点的本地链路资源信息，并确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
可选地，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息等。
可选地，在一个实施例中，该设备还包括确定单元840。
接收单元810，还用于接收第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
确定单元840用于确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；
当本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，发送单元830发送反馈消息，实现了对链路的实时监控；
当本地链路资源信息满足链路资源指示信息时，发送单元830发送第二测量报文，实现了对转发报文的路径的实时监控。在本申请实施例中，第二测量报文是用于检测转发报文的路径是否满足链路资源指示信息。
可选地，在另一个实施例中，确定单元840自发地确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；当本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，发送单元830发送反馈消息，实现了对链路的实时监控。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元810，还用于接收第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，用于指示第三测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量。第三测量报文与第一测量报文存在的意义相同，当通过第一测量确定的转发报文的路径不能转发数据报文，或者不满足链路资源指示信息时，通过第三测量报文重新确定转发数据报文的路径。其具体过程为：
测量单元820根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息；
发送单元830发送第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息。以便于后续接收第三测量报文的设备，根据第三测量报文重新确定转发报文的路径。
该设备中的各功能单元的功能，可以通过图2和图6中所示实施例中的第二设备，或称为发送设备所执行的各步骤来实现，因此，本申请实施例提供的设备的具体工作过程，在此不复赘述。
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种设备的结构示意图。如图9所示，该设备可以是图1至图6中描述的egress设备，即第三设备。该设备包括接收单元910、确定单元920和发送单元930。
接收单元910，用于接收第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
确定单元920，用于根据链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文中转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息确定转发报文的路径；
发送单元930，用于发送路径的信息，进而建立符合链路资源指示信息的快速通道，实现了报文的快速转发。同时，在不扩展网络协议的基础上，获取转发路径上各节点的本地链路资源信息，并确定符合链路资源指示信息的路径，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，接收单元910接收到第一测量报文可以是来自至少两条不同转发路径上发送的测量报文，也就是说接收到的第一测量报文可能是两个或者多个。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元910接收到的第一测量报文也可能是来自一条转发路径的测量报文，那么确定单元920确定该条路径为快速转发数据报文的路径。
可选地，在本申请实施例中，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送单元发送路径的信息，包括：
发送单元930通过控制通道发送路径的信息。
可选地，在另一个实施例中，发送单元发送路径的信息，包括：
发送单元930通过数据通道发送路径的信息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，该设备还包括测量单元940。
接收单元910，还用于接收第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量。第二测量报文中的链路资源指示信息用于确定图2中S101至S106确定的转发报文的路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息是否还满足链路资源指示信息。
确定单元920根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息，并确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；
当本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，发送单元930发送反馈消息；当本地链路资源信息满足链路资源指示信息时，发送单元930发送第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括测量单元940测量的本地链路资源信息，实现了对转发报文的路径的监控。
可选地，在一个实施例中，确定单元920自发性的确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息，当不满足时，发送单元930发送反馈消息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收单元910，还用于接收第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文中转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
确定单元920，还用于根据链路资源指示信息，以及至少一个第一测量报文中转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息重新确定转发报文的路径；
发送单元930，还用于发送路径的信息，以便于重新确定转发报文的路径。
这里第三测量报文和第一测量报文的作用相同，当通过第一测量确定的转发报文的路径不能在转发报文，或者不满足链路资源指示信息时，通过第三测量报文重新确定转发报文的路径。在该实施例中，接收单元910接收到的第三测量报文也可能是一个、两个或者多个。
该设备中的各功能单元的功能，可以通过图2和图6中所示实施例中的第三设备所执行的各步骤来实现，因此，本申请实施例提供的设备的具体工作过程，在此不复赘述。
图10为本申请实施例提供的设备。该设备可以是图1至图6中描述的ingress设备，即第一设备。如图10所示，该设备可以包括处理器1010和发送器1020。
处理器1010，用于生成第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量；
发送器1020，用于发送第一测量报文。
发送器1020将第一测量报文发送至不同转发路径上的下一节点，直至发送到第三设备，以便于第三设备根据第一测量报文中包括的转发路径上各个节点测量的本地链路资源信息和链路资源指示信息确定出符合链路资源指示信息的报文转发路径，将路径的信息发送给第一设备，或者路径上的第一设备和各个节点，进而根据路径的信息建立转发报文的快速转发隧道。同时，在确定路径的过程中，不需要扩展网络协议就可以获取到第一测量报文转发路径上的各个测量的本地链路资源信息，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
可选地，第一测量报文还包括第一设备的链路资源信息。
可选地，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，设备还包括接收器1030用于接收转发报文，转发报文用于触发第一设备生成第一测量报文。
可选地，在一个实施例中，处理器1010生成第一测量报文，包括：处理器1010复制转发报文的报文头生成第一测量报文。
可选地，在一个实施例中，处理器1010还用于生成第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息；以便于接收器接收到第二测量报文后，确定测量的本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；当满足时，发送器将第二测量报文发送给转发路径上的下一设备；当不满足时，发送器发送反馈消息实现了对转发报文的路径的监控。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收器1030，还用于接收反馈消息；
处理器1010，还用于生成第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息还用于指示第三测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量；
发送器1020，还用于发送第三测量报文。
其中，反馈消息包括路径不满足链路资源指示信息的信息。第一设备接收到反馈消息时，生成第三测量报文。
在该实施例中，第三测量报文与第一测量报文的作用相同。当通过第一测量确定的转发报文的路径不能在转发报文，或者不满足链路资源指示信息时，通过第三测量报文重新确定转发报文的路径。
该设备中的各功能器件的功能，可以通过图2和图4中所示实施例中的第一设备所执行的各步骤来实现，因此，本申请实施例提供的设备的具体工作过程，在此不复赘述。
图11为本申请实施例提供的设备。该设备可以是图1至图6中描述的发送设备，即第二设备。如图11所示，该设备可以包括接收器1110、处理器1120和发送器1130。
接收器1110，用于接收第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
处理器1120，用于根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息；
发送器1130，还用于发送第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息。以便于后续接收到第一测量报文的第三设备，根据从不同转发路径接收到的第一测量报文确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，以用于转发报文。同时，在不扩展网络协议的基础上获取转发路径上各节点的本地链路资源信息，并确定出符合链路资源指示信息的路径，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
可选地，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息等。
可选地，在一个实施例中，
接收器1110，还用于接收第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息；第二测量报文用于检测转发报文的路径是否满足链路资源指示信息；
处理器1120，还用于根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息，并确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；
发送器1130，还用于当本地链路资源信息满足链路资源指示信息时，发送第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息，实现了对转发报文的路径的监控。
可选地，发送器1130还用于当本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，发送反馈消息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，处理器1120还可以自发性地确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息，当不满足时，发送器1130发送反馈消息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，
接收器1110，还用于接收第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量。
处理器1120，还用于根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息；
发送器1130，还用于发送第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息。以便于后续接收第三测量报文的设备，根据第三测量报文重新确定转发报文的路径。
在该实施例中，第三测量报文与第一测量报文的作用相同。当通过第一测量确定的转发报文的路径不能在转发报文，或者不满足链路资源指示信息时，通过第三测量报文重新确定转发报文的路径。
该设备中的各功能器件的功能，可以通过图2和图4中所示实施例中的第二设备所执行的各步骤来实现，因此，本申请实施例提供的设备的具体工作过程，在此不复赘述。
图12为本申请实施例提供的设备。该设备可以是图1至图6中描述的egress设备，即第三设备。如图10所示，该设备可以包括接收器1210、处理器1220和发送器1230。第九方面，提供了一种设备，该设备包括：
接收器1210，用于接收第一测量报文，第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
处理器1220，用于根据链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文中转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息确定转发报文的路径；
发送器1230，还用于发送路径的信息，进而建立符合链路资源指示信息的快速通道，实现了报文的快速转发。同时，在不扩展网络协议的基础上，获取转发路径上各节点的本地链路资源信息，并确定符合链路资源指示信息的路径，减轻了网络控制面的负担。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，接收器1210接收到的是不同转发路径上发送的第一测量报文，也就是说接收到的第一测量报文可能是一个、两个或者多个。
可选地，在一个实施例中，链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，发送器1230用于发送路径的信息，包括：
发送器1230通过控制通道发送路径的信息。
可选地，在另一个实施例中，发送器1230发送路径的信息，包括：
发送器1230通过数据通道发送路径的信息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，
接收器1210，还用于接收第二测量报文，第二测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
处理器1220，还用于根据链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息，并确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；
发送器1230，还用于当本地链路资源信息不满足链路资源指示信息时，发送反馈消息，实现了对转发报文的路径的监控。
可选地，在另一个实施例中，处理器1220自发性地确定本地链路资源信息是否满足链路资源指示信息；当不满足时，发送器1230发送反馈消息。
可选地，在一个实施例中，接收器1210用于接收至少一个第三测量报文，第三测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，链路资源指示信息用于指示该设备进行本地链路资源测量；
处理器1220，还用于根据链路资源指示信息，以及至少一个第一测量报文中转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息重新确定转发报文的路径；
发送器1230，还用于发送路径的信息，以便于重新确定转发报文的路径。
在该实施例中，第三测量报文与第一测量报文的作用相同。当通过第一测量确定的转发报文的路径不能在转发报文，或者不满足链路资源指示信息时，通过第三测量报文重新确定转发报文的路径。
需要说明的是，在该实施例中，接收器1210接收到的可能是一个、两个或者多个，即至少一个第三测量报文。
该设备中的各功能器件的功能，可以通过图2和图4中所示实施例中的第三设备所执行的各步骤来实现，因此，本申请实施例提供的设备的具体工作过程，在此不复赘述。
可选地，在一个实施例中，图10、图11和图12中还可以包括存储器，用于存储指令和数据。
可选地，在一个实施例中，图10、图11和图12中的设备可以包括处理器，处理器与存储器耦合，并读取和执行存储器中的指令，以分别完成图2至图6中第一设备、第二设备和第三设备相对应的方法步骤。为简洁描述在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，图10、图11和图12中的设备包括的接收器和存储器可以是一个部件，例如收发器，既能完成指令和数据的接收，也能完成指令和数据的发送。在本申请实施例中，接收器和发送器可以是一个或多个通信接口。
本申请实施例还提供了一种系统，该系统包括图10中的第一设备，图11中的第二设备，以及图12中的第三设备。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，计算机程序被处理器执行时实现图2至图6中所述的方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当所述指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述图2至图6中所述的方法。
在上述各个本申请实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读介质向另一个计算机可读介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(Digital Subscriber Line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种报文转发路径的确定方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一设备生成第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，所述链路资源指示信息用于指示所述第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量；
    所述第一设备发送所述第一测量报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一测量报文还包括所述第一设备的链路资源信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述第一设备生成所述第一测量报文之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备接收转发报文，所述转发报文用于触发所述第一设备生成所述第一测量报文。
  5. 一种报文转发路径的确定方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第二设备接收第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，所述链路资源指示信息用于指示所述第二设备进行本地链路资源测量；
    所述第二设备根据所述链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息；
    所述第二设备发送所述第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括所述第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
  7. 一种报文转发路径的确定方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第三设备接收第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及所述第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，所述链路资源指示信息用于指示所述第三设备进行本地链路资源测量；
    所述第三设备根据所述链路资源指示信息，以及所述第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息确定转发报文的路径；
    所述第三设备发送所述路径的信息。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述链路资源指示信息包括下列信 息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第三设备发送所述路径的信息，包括：
    所述第三设备通过控制通道或数据通道发送所述路径的信息。
  10. 一种设备，其特征在于，所述设备包括：
    处理器，用于生成第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，所述链路资源指示信息用于指示所述第一测量报文转发路径上的各节点进行本地链路资源测量；
    发送器，用于发送所述第一测量报文。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第一测量报文还包括所述第一设备的链路资源信息。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的设备，其特征在于，所述链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12任一项所述的设备，其特征在于，所述设备还包括接收器，用于接收转发报文，所述转发报文用于触发所述第一设备生成所述第一测量报文。
  14. 一种设备，其特征在于，所述设备包括：
    接收器，用于接收第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，所述链路资源指示信息用于指示所述设备进行本地链路资源测量；
    处理器，用于根据所述链路资源指示信息测量本地链路资源信息；
    发送器，用于发送所述第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括所述第二设备测量的本地链路资源信息。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的设备，其特征在于，所述链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
  16. 一种设备，其特征在于，所述设备包括：
    接收器，用于接收第一测量报文，所述第一测量报文包括链路资源指示信息，以及所述第一测量报文转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息，所述链路资源指示信息用于指示所述设备进行本地链路资源测量；
    处理器，用于根据所述链路资源指示信息，以及所述第一测量报文中转发路径上各节点测量的本地链路资源信息确定转发报文的路径；
    发送器，用于发送所述路径的信息。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的设备，其特征在于，所述链路资源指示信息包括下列信息中的至少一项：时延信息、带宽信息、丢包率信息、抖动信息。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的设备，其特征在于，所述发送器用于发送所述路径的信息，包括：
    所述发送器通过控制通道或数据通道发送所述路径的信息。
  19. 一种系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括权利要求10至权利要求13任一项所述的第一设备，权利要求14或权利要求15任一项所述的第二设备，以及权利要求16至权利要求18任一项所述的第三设备。
PCT/CN2019/091922 2018-09-11 2019-06-19 一种报文转发路径的确定方法、设备和系统 Ceased WO2020052306A1 (zh)

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