WO2020063054A1 - 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备 - Google Patents

电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020063054A1
WO2020063054A1 PCT/CN2019/096382 CN2019096382W WO2020063054A1 WO 2020063054 A1 WO2020063054 A1 WO 2020063054A1 CN 2019096382 W CN2019096382 W CN 2019096382W WO 2020063054 A1 WO2020063054 A1 WO 2020063054A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
layer
substrate
electrochromic
conductive layer
transparent conductive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/096382
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨鑫
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority to EP19867045.7A priority Critical patent/EP3851909B1/en
Publication of WO2020063054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063054A1/zh
Priority to US17/210,084 priority patent/US11852943B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
    • G02F1/1525—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material characterised by a particular ion transporting layer, e.g. electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1506—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by electrodeposition, e.g. electrolytic deposition of an inorganic material on or close to an electrode
    • G02F1/1508—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect caused by electrodeposition, e.g. electrolytic deposition of an inorganic material on or close to an electrode using a solid electrolyte
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/155—Electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G02F2001/1536—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for additional, e.g. protective, layer inside the cell

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electronic equipment manufacturing, and in particular, to an electrochromic device, a preparation method thereof, and an electronic device.
  • Electrochromic materials are materials with electrochromic properties. Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon that the optical properties (reflectance, transmittance, absorption, etc.) of a material undergo a stable and reversible color change under the action of an applied electric field. Appears as a reversible change in color and transparency. Electrochromic materials currently have a wide range of uses in information, electronics, energy, construction, and defense. For example, when an electrochromic material is applied to a car rear-view mirror, the car rear-view mirror can exhibit a change from mirror silver to a dark mirror surface, which can play an anti-glare role. For another example, electrochromic materials are applied to aircraft rotary windows or architectural glass, and aircraft rotary windows or architectural glass can exhibit color changes from light to dark, and have shading applications.
  • the present application proposes an electrochromic device.
  • the electrochromic device includes a first substrate and a second substrate which are oppositely disposed, and a first transparent conductive layer and a second conductive layer located between the first substrate and the second substrate.
  • the side far from the second substrate has a pattern layer, and the orthographic projection of the pattern layer on the first substrate covers at most part of the surface of the first substrate, and the color of the electrochromic device It may change as the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer changes.
  • the electrochromic device can simultaneously display electrochromic colors and various patterns, textures, and the like. Combined effects, and can easily achieve color contrast effects and local discoloration effects, etc.
  • the electrochromic device is applied to the appearance casing of an electronic device, the appearance of the casing can be enriched and the product's expressive power can be improved.
  • the present application proposes a method for preparing an electrochromic device.
  • the method includes a step of forming an electrochromic unit, a step of forming a pattern layer, and a step of forming a bottom print layer, wherein the step of forming the electrochromic unit includes: a first substrate and a second substrate opposite to each other. In between, a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second conductive layer are sequentially arranged; the pattern layer is formed on a side of the second conductive layer away from the second substrate, and the pattern layer is on The orthographic projection on the first substrate covers at most part of the surface of the first substrate; the bottom print layer is formed on a surface of the second substrate away from the second conductive layer. Therefore, the method can easily prepare an electrochromic device with rich appearance effects. When the electrochromic device is used as an appearance casing of an electronic device, the method can easily prepare a casing with rich appearance effects.
  • the present application proposes an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes: the aforementioned electrochromic device; a control circuit for controlling the color change of the electrochromic device according to the operating state of the electronic device; and a screen for displaying information. Therefore, the electronic device has all the features and advantages of the electrochromic device described above, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of a method for preparing an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of a method for preparing an electrochromic device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • first optical adhesive layer 10: first optical adhesive layer; 20: second optical adhesive layer; 30: substrate; 100: first substrate; 200: first transparent conductive layer; 300: electrochromic layer; 400: electrolyte layer; 500: Ion storage layer; 600: second conductive layer; 700: second substrate; 800: bottom printed layer; 900: pattern layer; 1000: electrochromic device; 1100: electronic device.
  • the inventors have found that the current electrochromic devices, especially the electrochromic devices used in the housings of electronic devices, cannot meet the needs of users in terms of appearance effects such as colors.
  • the color of the electrochromic material can change with the magnitude and direction of the voltage.
  • the electrochromic device can present different colors under different voltages. Therefore, after the electrochromic device is manufactured, its color can change with the voltage, and the color is richer.
  • the appearance shell of an electronic device made by using an electrochromic device can be changed in color with voltage after the case is made, and the color is richer.
  • the entire electrochromic device can only present one color, and cannot achieve the color contrast effect of multiple colors.
  • the present application proposes an electrochromic device.
  • the electrochromic device 1000 includes a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 700 which are oppositely disposed, and a first substrate 100 and a second substrate 700 located between the first substrate 100 and the second substrate 700.
  • the first transparent conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 600 there is an electrochromic layer 300 between the first transparent conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 600, and the second substrate 700 is on a surface away from the second conductive layer 600
  • a bottom printed layer 800 is provided, a pattern layer 900 is provided on a side of the second conductive layer 600 away from the second substrate 700, and the orthographic projection of the pattern layer 900 on the first substrate 100 covers at most part of the surface of the first substrate 100,
  • the color of the electrochromic device 1000 may change as the voltage between the first transparent conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 400 changes.
  • the electrochromic device 1000 includes a first substrate 100, a first transparent conductive layer 200, an electrochromic layer 300, a second conductive layer 600, a second substrate 700, The bottom print layer 800 and the pattern layer 900.
  • the first transparent conductive layer 200 is disposed on the first substrate 100
  • the electrochromic layer 300 is disposed on a surface of the first transparent conductive layer 200 away from the first substrate 100
  • the second conductive layer 600 is disposed on the first substrate 100.
  • the color-changing layer 300 is on the surface away from the first transparent conductive layer 200
  • the second substrate 700 is disposed on the surface of the second conductive layer 600 away from the electrochromic layer 300
  • the bottom printing layer 800 is disposed on the second liner
  • the pattern layer 900 is disposed on the side of the second conductive layer 600 far from the second substrate 700, and the orthographic projection of the pattern layer 900 on the first substrate 100 covers at most Part of the surface of the first substrate 100.
  • the pattern layer 900 is simply provided, and the pattern layer 900 is disposed on the side of the second conductive layer 600 away from the second substrate 700 (the first substrate 100 of the electrochromic device 1000 faces the user during use) Side), the electrochromic device 1000 can simultaneously display the electrochromic color and the combined effects of various patterns, textures, etc .; and can easily achieve the color contrast effect and local discoloration effect, etc.
  • the device 1000 is applied to the appearance casing of an electronic device, the appearance of the casing can be enriched and the product's expressive power can be improved.
  • an electrochromic device made of an electrochromic material especially when the electrochromic device is used in the appearance of an electronic device, although its color can change with voltage, the electrochromic device only Can show the appearance effect of different colors, can not achieve the superposition of multiple appearance effects such as texture, pattern, the appearance effect of the product is relatively single; and, under a certain fixed voltage state, the entire electrochromic device can only show one color , It is impossible to achieve the color contrast effect of multiple colors; and it is difficult to achieve color change in some areas of the electrochromic device according to needs, and the colors in other areas remain unchanged.
  • the first substrate of the electrochromic device may be a side facing a user during use, and the pattern layer may be disposed on the second conductive layer away from the first conductive layer.
  • the pattern layer can be disposed at any position of the second conductive layer facing the user in the electrochromic device, and the orthographic projection of the pattern layer on the first substrate covers only the part of the first substrate surface. Therefore, the pattern layer can easily partially shield the electrochromic color presented by the electrochromic layer, so that the electrochromic device simultaneously exhibits the combined effect of the electrochromic color and the color, pattern, texture, etc. of the pattern layer.
  • the ortho-projection area 100A) of the pattern layer 900 shown in the first substrate 100 can show the electrochromic color and the superimposed effect of the pattern layer.
  • the specific material of the first substrate 100 is not particularly limited as long as the first substrate is formed of a transparent material, and thus, the color generated by the electrochromic layer 300 can pass through the first The transparent conductive layer 200 and the first substrate 100 are presented.
  • the transparent material forming the first substrate 100 may be glass.
  • the glass material has advantages such as good light transmittance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, and ease of processing. The material is simple, and the cost is low.
  • the transparent material forming the first substrate 100 may be plastic, and more specifically, may be polyethylene terephthalate or polycarbonate. Therefore, the toughness of the electrochromic device 1000 may be enhanced, so that The electrochromic device 1000 has a drop resistance performance, and its cost is relatively low.
  • the first substrate 100 may also be an appearance case of an electronic device. Therefore, the appearance case of the electronic device may be simply provided with a rich electrochromic appearance effect, which enriches the appearance of the electronic device. Exterior.
  • the specific material of the first transparent conductive layer 200 is not particularly limited.
  • the first transparent conductive layer 200 may be a metal oxide film or nano-silver.
  • the metal oxide film may be an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, Indium zinc oxide (IZO) film, indium gallium zinc (IGZO) film, or aluminum zinc oxide (AZO) film. Therefore, the first transparent conductive layer 200 can have good conductivity and high transparency.
  • the specific material of the electrochromic layer 300 is not particularly limited, and may be an inorganic substance or an organic substance.
  • the inorganic electrochromic material forming the electrochromic layer 300 may be tungsten trioxide (WO 3 ), may be vanadium pentoxide (V 2 O 5 ), etc .; the organic substance forming the electrochromic layer 300 may be organically small.
  • Molecular electrochromic material such as bipyridine; the organic substance forming the electrochromic layer 300 may also be a conductive polymer, such as polythiophene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, polycarbazole, polyfuran, polyindole, and the like Derivatives, etc.
  • the specific material for forming the second conductive layer 600 is not particularly limited as long as it has conductive properties.
  • the second conductive layer 600 may be formed of a transparent conductive material, or may be formed of an opaque conductive material.
  • it may be formed of an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, an indium zinc oxide (IZO) film, or a metal material such as aluminum or copper.
  • the second substrate 700 when the first substrate 100 is formed of a transparent material such as glass, the second substrate 700 may be formed of a transparent material or an opaque material. Specifically, the second substrate 700 may also be formed of a material such as glass or plastic. Specifically, the second substrate 700 may be formed of a flexible plastic film, for example, it may be a polyethylene terephthalate film or a polycarbonate film. Therefore, the thickness of the second substrate 700 formed of the flexible material is small, which can reduce the overall thickness of the electrochromic device 1000, and the second conductive layer 600 formed by plating on the flexible material has higher efficiency and lower cost.
  • a bottom print layer 800 may be formed on a surface of the second substrate 700 away from the second conductive layer 600.
  • the electrochromic device 1000 When used to form an exterior casing of an electronic device, the bottom printed layer 800 can block components in the electronic device, and can further enrich the effect finally exhibited by the electrochromic device 1000.
  • different colors of ink or different texture effects can be directly printed on the surface of the second substrate 700 away from the second conductive layer 600 as long as it can block components in the electronic device;
  • a film such as polyethylene terephthalate
  • a certain color or texture effect may also be pasted on the surface of the second substrate 700 away from the second conductive layer 600. Diaphragm), so that components in electronic equipment can be easily shielded.
  • the electrochromic device 1000 may further include an electrolyte layer 400 and an ion storage layer 500 which are disposed in this order.
  • the electrolyte layer 400 and the ion storage layer 500 are located in the electrochromic layer 300 and the second conductive layer. 600, wherein the electrolyte layer 400 is located on a side near the electrochromic layer 300. That is, the electrolyte layer 400 is located on the surface of the electrochromic layer 300 away from the first transparent conductive layer 200, and the ion storage layer 500 is located on the surface of the electrolyte layer 400 away from the electrochromic layer 300.
  • the electrolyte layer 400 when the electrochromic layer 300 is formed of an organic material, the electrolyte layer 400 may be formed of a gel-like material. According to the embodiment of the present application, the ions in the electrolyte layer 400 may be doped or de-doped with the electrochromic material in the electrochromic layer 300, thereby causing the color of the electrochromic layer 300 to change. According to an embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the ion storage layer 500 may be on a nanometer level. As a result, the color of the electrochromic layer 300 can be changed. According to the embodiment of the present application, the ions in the ion storage layer 500 have a certain color.
  • the color of the ion storage layer 500 is darker, and the ions are stored when no voltage is applied to the electrochromic device.
  • the color of the layer 500 passes through the electrolyte layer 400, the electrochromic layer 300, the first transparent conductive layer 200, and the first substrate 100, so that the electrochromic device 1000 presents a certain degree of color and affects the discoloration of the electrochromic device. effect.
  • the specific type of the pattern layer 900 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design according to the appearance effect to be achieved.
  • the pattern layer 900 may include at least one of a texture printing sublayer, an optical coating sublayer, and an ink sublayer.
  • the pattern layer 900 may include an ink sub-layer, and the ink sub-layer may have a single color effect or a combination of multiple colors.
  • the ink sub-layer may have a multi-color contrast effect and a gradient color effect. .
  • the pattern layer 900 may also have a combination effect of color and texture pattern, and thus, the appearance effect of the color and texture pattern of the pattern layer 900 may be combined with the color effect of the electrochromic layer 300, thereby enriching The appearance of the electrochromic device 1000.
  • an area 100A where the pattern layer 900 is provided on the first substrate 100 may have appearance effects such as colors and patterns exhibited by the pattern layer 900, and an area 100B where the pattern layer 900 is not provided may exhibit the electrochromic layer 300.
  • the color change effect so that the combination of the appearance effect of the pattern layer 900 and the appearance effect of the electrochromic layer 300 on the electrochromic device 1000 can further enrich the appearance of the electrochromic device 1000.
  • the transparency of the pattern layer 900 is not particularly limited.
  • the pattern layer 900 may be completely opaque, so that the electrochromic device 1000 may present a combination of the colors of the pattern layer 900 and the electrochromic layer 300, and the like. effect.
  • the pattern layer 900 may also have a certain transparency.
  • the transmittance of the pattern layer 900 may be greater than 5%. Therefore, on the first substrate 100, the area where the orthographic projection of the pattern layer 900 is located can be presented at the same time. The superimposed effect of the colors, texture patterns and other appearances of the pattern layer 900 and the colors of the electrochromic layer 300 further enriches the appearance of the electrochromic device.
  • a pattern layer 900 having a first color may be provided on one side of the first substrate 100 in advance. Under a certain voltage state, the electrochromic layer 300 exhibits a second color. , The area 100A where the pattern layer 900 is provided on the first substrate 100 exhibits a superimposed effect of the first color and the second color (ie, the third color), and the area 100B where the pattern layer 900 is not provided exhibits the effect of the electrochromic layer 300 Second color.
  • the color contrast effect of the third color and the second color is achieved on the electrochromic device 1000; and when the color of the electrochromic layer 300 changes with the change in voltage, the first substrate 100 is provided with
  • the area 100A of the pattern layer 900 can show the color effect of each color superimposed on the pattern layer 900, so that the area 100A where the pattern layer 900 is provided can also show different color effects with changes in voltage; and, a pattern layer is provided
  • the area 100A of 900 and the area 100B of which the pattern layer 900 is not provided can exhibit a rich color contrast effect, which greatly enriches the appearance effect of the electrochromic device 1000.
  • the position and size of the orthographic projection of the pattern layer 900 on the first substrate 100 are not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can design according to the appearance effect required.
  • the size and setting position of the pattern layer 900 By adjusting the size and setting position of the pattern layer 900, the color changing area and the color changing effect on the electrochromic device 1000 can be easily controlled.
  • the pattern layer 900 may cover all areas on the first substrate 100 except for a LOGO (trademark) mark (not shown in the figure).
  • the area where the LOGO mark is provided on the electrochromic device 1000 can show the color of the electrochromic layer 300, and other areas can show the appearance of the color of the pattern layer 900 and the pattern, or the pattern layer 900 and the electrochromic layer.
  • the appearance of 300 superimposed colors and patterns further enhances the appearance of the electrochromic device.
  • the pattern layer 900 may be directly formed at a certain position on the electrochromic device 1000.
  • ink may be printed directly on the first substrate 100 to form the pattern layer 900;
  • a pattern layer 900 having a certain color, pattern, texture and other effects is prepared on a film (such as a PET film), and then the pattern layer 900 including the film is pasted at a corresponding position in the electrochromic device 1000.
  • the pattern layer 900 is located on a side of the second conductive layer 600 away from the second substrate 700, that is, the pattern layer 900 may be located between the first substrate 100 and the second conductive layer 600.
  • each setting position of the pattern layer 900 will be described in detail according to a specific embodiment of the present application:
  • the pattern layer 900 may be located on a side of the first substrate 100 away from the first transparent conductive layer 200.
  • the electrochromic device 1000 may further include a first optical adhesive layer 10 located between the pattern layer 900 and the first substrate 100, that is, the first optical adhesive layer 10 is located on the pattern layer 900.
  • the pattern layer 900 may be pasted on the surface of the first substrate 100 away from the first transparent conductive layer 200 through the first optical adhesive layer 10. Thereby, the pattern layer 900 can be easily bonded.
  • the electrochromic device 1000 may further include a substrate 30 and a second optical adhesive layer 20, the second optical adhesive layer 20 is located on a surface of the pattern layer 900 away from the first optical adhesive layer 10, and The substrate 30 is pasted on the side of the pattern layer 900 away from the first substrate 100 through the second optical adhesive layer 20.
  • the substrate 30 may be a glass plate or a plastic plate, that is, the substrate 30 may be an electrochromic device 1000 without an electrochromic unit (the electrochromic unit includes a first transparent conductive layer 300, An electrochromic device substrate when the electrochromic layer 300, the second conductive layer 600, the second substrate 700, and the bottom printing layer 800) and the pattern layer 900 are used.
  • the base material 30 may have the size and shape of the shell, and has a certain strength and supporting ability.
  • the substrate 30 ie, the electrochromic device substrate
  • the pattern layer 900, and the electrochromic unit may Each of them is manufactured as an independent unit, and after they are manufactured separately, they can be simply pasted together with optical glue to form an electrochromic device 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application. Therefore, there is no need to change the existing process and the like for manufacturing the electrochromic unit, and the operation is relatively simple.
  • the molding process of the substrate 30 is relatively simple, and the existing production process can be used without considering the substrate 30
  • the difficulty of forming an electrochromic unit for example, there are many types of pattern layers 900 that can be produced.
  • ink can be printed on a film, and optical coating can be performed, regardless of the pattern layer and the electrochromic unit.
  • the deposition temperature of the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer will be high, which will affect the shape and properties of the ink layer.
  • the first substrate and the second substrate may both be made of a flexible material, and in the later stage, they may be bonded to the pattern layer 900 and the substrate 30 through an optical adhesive.
  • the pattern layer 900 may be located between the first substrate 100 and the first transparent conductive layer 200, that is, the pattern layer 900 may be located on the first substrate 100 near the first transparent conductive layer 200.
  • the first transparent conductive layer 200 covers the surface of the pattern layer 900 away from the first substrate 100, and the surface of the first substrate 100 facing the pattern layer 900 that is not covered by the pattern layer 900.
  • the pattern layer 900 is provided in a partial area between the first substrate 100 and the first transparent conductive layer 200, when the first transparent conductive layer 200 is formed on the first substrate 100 by deposition The first transparent conductive layer 200 is deposited on the surface of the pattern layer 900 and the first substrate 100. If the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer 200 is too small, the thickness uniformity of the first transparent conductive layer 200 is likely to be poor, which further affects the conductive properties of the first transparent conductive layer 200 and the use performance of the electrochromic device.
  • the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer 200 may be not less than 30 nm, for example, 30-250 nm, for example, 50 nm, 100 nm, 120 nm, 150 nm, or 200 nm.
  • the thickness may be 230 nm or the like, thereby avoiding defects such as poor thickness uniformity and poor conductivity of the first transparent conductive layer 200 caused by the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer 200 being too small.
  • the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer 200 may be 150-250 nm. Therefore, the first transparent conductive layer 200 having the thickness has better performance.
  • the thickness of the pattern layer 900 is not particularly limited, as long as it can shield a part of the first transparent conductive layer 200.
  • a side of the first transparent conductive layer 200 formed far from the first substrate 100 may have a certain thickness deviation.
  • the area corresponding to the pattern layer 900 on the first transparent conductive layer 200 is thick and convex), but because the thickness deviation is small, the use performance of the electrochromic device 1000 is not affected.
  • adjustment may be performed when other structures are formed on the first transparent conductive layer 200 later, as long as the surface of the electrochromic device 1000 finally formed is relatively flat.
  • the ink forming the pattern layer 900 may be a high-temperature resistant ink, so that the structure and appearance of the pattern layer 900 will not be affected during the entire process of preparing the electrochromic device 1000, which further improves the performance of the electrochromic device 1000.
  • the pattern layer 900 when the pattern layer 900 is located between the first substrate 100 and the first transparent conductive layer 200, it may also cover a first wiring area (not shown in the figure, the first wiring area is used for setting a connection power source)
  • the connection line with the first transparent conductive layer is usually opaque. If no other shielding structure is provided, the color of the connection line will seep through the surface of the first substrate, causing an appearance defect of the electrochromic device). Therefore, the pattern layer 900 can shield opaque connection lines and the like in the first wiring area, avoid appearance defects of the electrochromic device caused by the opaque connection lines, and improve the appearance of the electrochromic device 1000.
  • the pattern layer 900 may be located between the first transparent conductive layer 200 and the electrochromic layer 300, that is, the pattern layer 900 may be located at the first transparent conductive layer 200 away from the first substrate 100.
  • the electrochromic layer 300 covers the surface of the pattern layer 900 away from the first transparent conductive layer 200, and the surface of the first transparent conductive layer 200 facing the pattern layer 900, the surface not covered by the pattern layer 900 .
  • the pattern layer 900 may be located between the ion storage layer 500 and the second conductive layer 600, that is, the pattern layer 900 may be located on a surface of the second conductive layer 600 away from the second substrate 700.
  • the ion storage layer 500 covers a surface of the pattern layer 900 that is far from the second conductive layer 600, and a surface of the second conductive layer 600 that faces the pattern layer 900 and is not covered by the pattern layer 900.
  • a first transparent conductive layer 200 may be formed on the first substrate 100 (or a second conductive layer 600 may be formed on the second substrate 700 first), and then a pattern layer 900 including a film is bonded to the first A corresponding position on a transparent conductive layer 200 (or a second conductive layer 600), and then an electrochromic layer 300 (or an ion storage layer 500) is formed.
  • the pattern layer 900 may be disposed in the same layer as the electrolyte layer 400, and the thickness of the pattern layer 900 and the thickness of the electrolyte layer 400 are the same.
  • a pattern layer 900 may be formed on a surface of the ion storage layer 500 away from the second conductive layer 600, for example, a pattern layer 900 including a film is pasted, and then the ion storage layer 500 is away from the second conductive layer 600.
  • the surface not covered by the pattern layer 900 forms an electrolyte layer 400, for example, a gel-like dielectric layer material is coated.
  • the thickness of the formed electrolyte layer 400 may be the same as the thickness of the pattern layer 900, so that the thickness of the electrolyte layer 400 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the film forming the pattern layer 900.
  • the electrochromic device when the materials forming each layer of the electrochromic device include a semi-solid material, the electrochromic device may further include an insulating glue. Therefore, the electrochromic device can be packaged, the sealing property of the electrochromic device can be improved, and the electrochromic device can exhibit a good appearance effect when a voltage is applied.
  • the insulating glue may be an adhesive tape. The position of the insulating glue is not particularly limited, as long as the above-mentioned effects are achieved, those skilled in the art can design according to specific conditions.
  • the insulating glue may be located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and disposed around the periphery of the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, and the ion storage layer, and the electrochromic layer, The electrolyte layer and the ion storage layer are sealed.
  • the insulating glue is located between the first substrate and the second substrate, and is wound around the first transparent conductive layer, the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, the ion storage layer, and the second conductive layer. And seal the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, and the ion storage layer. Therefore, the electrochromic layer can be sealed and insulated to prevent interference from the external environment.
  • the electrochromic device may further include a connection wire, and the connection wire is connected to the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer. Therefore, the control circuit can apply a voltage to the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer to control the discoloration of the electrochromic layer.
  • the formed connecting wire may also be a copper tape, and the copper tape extends to a side away from the electrochromic layer, and the copper tape is near the edge of the electrochromic layer side, and the conductive conductive material is connected to the copper tape. There are overlapping regions between the edges of the layers (the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer). Thus, electrical conduction can be achieved using a copper tape.
  • the connecting wire may also be a metal wire, and the metal wire and the conductive layer are connected through an insulating glue.
  • the present application proposes a method of making an electrochromic device.
  • This method can easily prepare an electrochromic device that simultaneously has the appearance, such as the color, pattern, and texture of the pattern layer, and the combination and superposition effect of the color of the electrochromic layer.
  • the electrochromic device prepared by the method may be the electrochromic device described above, and thus, the electrochromic device prepared by the method may have the same characteristics as those of the electrochromic device described above. All features and advantages are not repeated here.
  • the method includes a step of forming an electrochromic unit, a step of forming a pattern layer, and a step of forming a bottom print layer, wherein the step of forming an electrochromic unit, the step of forming a pattern layer, and forming a bottom print
  • the order of the steps of the layers is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can make a reasonable selection according to the specific setting position of the pattern layer.
  • a step of forming a pattern layer may be added when manufacturing each layer structure in the electrochromic unit.
  • the bottom printed layer can be formed on the side of the second substrate away from the second conductive layer, or the bottom printed layer can be formed on the second substrate first, and then the second substrate is formed. The bottom is bonded to the first substrate.
  • the method includes:
  • an electrochromic unit is formed on a first substrate.
  • the electrochromic unit includes a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second conductive layer, and a second substrate, which are sequentially disposed on the first substrate.
  • the specific formation method of the electrochromic unit is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art may select an appropriate preparation according to the specific material of the electrochromic layer (for example, inorganic substances, organic small molecules, and conductive polymers). Craft.
  • the method may further include:
  • the first substrate may be the aforementioned first substrate.
  • the first substrate may be formed of a transparent material, and the first material may be glass or plastic.
  • the first transparent conductive layer may be the first transparent conductive layer described above.
  • the first transparent conductive layer may be indium tin oxide or nano-silver.
  • the first transparent conductive layer may have good conductivity and relatively High transparency.
  • the first transparent conductive layer may be formed by a deposition (ie, sputtering) method. Thereby, the first transparent conductive layer can be formed by a simple process.
  • an electrochromic layer is formed on the aforementioned first substrate on which the first transparent conductive layer is formed.
  • the material for forming the electrochromic layer is not particularly limited.
  • the electrochromic material may be an inorganic substance, such as tungsten trioxide, vanadium pentoxide, etc .; it may be an organic substance, such as
  • the electrochromic material may be a small organic molecule, such as bipyridine; it may be a conductive polymer, such as polythiophene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, and the like.
  • the inorganic nanoparticle when the electrochromic material is an inorganic substance, the inorganic nanoparticle may be dispersed in a solvent first, and then the electrochromic layer may be prepared by a printing method.
  • the electrochromic layer can be formed by a vacuum filling method; specifically, the electrochromic layer formed of a conductive polymer can be prepared by methods such as electropolymerization, thermal polymerization, coating, and photopolymerization. Therefore, there are various methods for preparing the electrochromic layer, and those skilled in the art can select according to the specific material of the electrochromic layer.
  • a second conductive layer is formed on one side of the second substrate.
  • the second substrate may be the aforementioned second substrate
  • the second conductive layer may be the aforementioned second conductive layer
  • the second substrate may be formed of a transparent material or an opaque material.
  • the second conductive layer may be formed of a transparent conductive material.
  • the second conductive layer may be indium tin oxide or nano-silver.
  • the method for forming the second conductive layer may be the same as the method for forming the first conductive layer described above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first substrate on which the electrochromic layer is formed and the second substrate on which the second conductive layer is formed are bonded, and the second conductive layer and the electrochromic layer are on a side far from the first transparent conductive layer.
  • the second conductive layer may be first formed on the second substrate (as described above), or may be directly The second conductive layer is formed on the side of the electrochromic layer away from the first transparent conductive layer, and those skilled in the art can make a reasonable selection according to the material of the electrochromic layer and the like.
  • the electrochromic layer is formed of an inorganic substance
  • a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, and a second conductive layer may be sequentially formed on the first substrate.
  • the method may further include: forming an ion storage layer and forming an electrolyte layer.
  • the ion storage layer and the electrolyte layer may be the ion storage layer and the electrolyte layer described above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the electrolyte layer can prevent rapid migration of the positive and negative ions, thereby further improving the discoloration stability of the electrochromic layer.
  • the ion storage layer may be formed on a side of the second conductive layer away from the second substrate, the electrolyte layer may be formed on a side of the ion storage layer away from the second conductive layer, and then the second substrate is formed.
  • the upper electrolyte layer is in contact with the side of the electrochromic layer on the first substrate far from the first transparent conductive layer, so as to form an electrochromic device.
  • the electrolyte layer may also be directly The electrochromic layer is formed on a side away from the first transparent conductive layer, and the ion storage layer is formed on a side of the electrolyte layer remote from the electrochromic layer, so as to form an electrochromic device.
  • the ion storage layer when the electrochromic layer is formed of a conductive polymer, the ion storage layer may be formed by spin coating, shower coating, roll coating, blade coating, dip coating, spray coating, or screen printing, and may be screen printed. Method, uniformly coating the electrolyte layer material on the side of the ion storage layer away from the second conductive layer in order to obtain the electrolyte layer; according to a specific embodiment of the present application, when the electrochromic layer is formed of an inorganic substance (such as tungsten trioxide) In this case, an ion storage layer and an electrolyte layer may be formed by a magnetron sputtering method.
  • an inorganic substance such as tungsten trioxide
  • the electrochromic layer when the electrochromic layer is formed of a small organic molecule (such as bipyridine), an additional ion storage layer may not be required.
  • the electrochromic layer can be formed by vacuum filling.
  • a connecting wire can also be formed simultaneously, and the insulating glue is disposed on a side of the connecting wire away from the conductive layer.
  • the specific materials and setting methods of the connecting wires may be the same as described above, and are not repeated here.
  • an insulating adhesive can be provided on the periphery of the electrochromic device.
  • the insulating adhesive can seal and insulate the electrochromic layer to prevent interference from the external environment.
  • the type of the insulating adhesive is not particularly limited.
  • the insulating adhesive may be an insulating tape, and the thickness of the insulating tape is consistent with the sum of the thicknesses of the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, and the ion storage layer. Thereby, sealing of the electrochromic layer, the electrolyte layer, and the ion storage layer can be achieved.
  • the insulating glue may also be glue.
  • the insulating glue may be provided on the periphery of the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer.
  • the insulating glue is provided by way of dispensing to realize the electrochromic layer, Sealing of electrolyte layer and ion storage layer. It should be particularly noted that the first transparent conductive layer and the electrochromic layer may be sequentially disposed on the first substrate, and then the second conductive layer (or the second conductive layer and the ion storage layer) may be sequentially disposed on the second substrate.
  • first substrate and the second substrate having each layer structure is not particularly limited, as long as the structures to be formed are respectively formed on the two substrates before packaging.
  • a pattern layer is formed.
  • the pattern layer may be formed on a side of the first substrate away from the first transparent conductive layer, or disposed at an arbitrary position between the first substrate and the second conductive layer.
  • ink or the like can be printed directly on the first substrate to form a pattern layer, or a pattern layer having a certain color, pattern, texture and other effects can be made on a film (such as a PET film) in advance.
  • the pattern layer including the film is then pasted at a corresponding position in the electrochromic device.
  • the pattern layer may be sandwiched between the first optical adhesive layer and the second optical adhesive layer, and the pattern layer may be fixed based on the first optical adhesive layer and the second optical adhesive layer.
  • the electrochromic device may further include a substrate, based on the second optical adhesive layer, the pattern layer may be fixed on the surface of the substrate, and based on the first optical adhesive layer, the electrochromic unit may be fixed on the first The side of the optical adhesive layer far from the pattern layer.
  • the pattern layer when the pattern layer is formed on the side of the first substrate away from the first transparent conductive layer, the pattern layer can be fabricated as an independent unit.
  • the pattern layer After the pattern layer is fabricated, it can be simply It is adhered to the surface of the first substrate by using optical glue (for example, it is adhered to the surface of the first substrate by using the first optical adhesive layer), so that the existing process of manufacturing the electrochromic unit does not need to be changed, and the operation is relatively simple.
  • the pattern layer and the electrochromic unit can also be pasted on the substrate (that is, the substrate of the electrochromic device) through the second optical adhesive layer. Therefore, the molding process of the substrate is relatively simple, and the existing production process can be used.
  • the types of pattern layers that can be produced are also rich, for example, ink can be printed on a film, optical coating, etc., without having to consider the pattern layer
  • the deposition temperature of the first transparent conductive layer and the second conductive layer will be high, which will affect the shape and properties of the ink layer.
  • the ink layer is High temperature resistance, etc., and both the first substrate and the second substrate can be made of flexible materials. In the later stage, they can be bonded to the pattern layer and the substrate through optical glue.
  • the method may further include: forming the first transparent conductive layer on the first substrate, and then The first transparent conductive layer forms a pattern layer on a side remote from the first substrate, and then forms an electrochromic layer.
  • the electrochromic layer may cover the pattern layer, and a portion of the first transparent conductive layer that is not covered by the pattern layer.
  • the method may further include: first printing on a surface of the first substrate near the first transparent conductive layer. Ink to form a pattern layer; and then deposit a transparent conductive material on the surface of the pattern layer away from the first substrate, and on the surface of the first substrate facing the pattern layer, the surface not covered by the pattern layer to form a first transparent conductive Floor.
  • the deposition temperature is generally 300-450 degrees Celsius.
  • the ink layer that is, the pattern layer
  • the high temperature resistance of the ink layer that is, the pattern layer
  • the deposition temperature is low, for example, the deposition temperature is not greater than 350 degrees Celsius.
  • the ink used is a high-temperature-resistant ink. Therefore, it can be guaranteed that when the ITO is deposited on the ink layer, the performance of the ink layer is not affected, and the deposited ITO layer also has good performance. .
  • the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer obtained by the deposition may be not less than 30 nm, for example, 30-250 nm, thereby avoiding defects caused by the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer being too small.
  • the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer may be 150-250 nm, and therefore, the first transparent conductive layer having the thickness has better performance.
  • the deposition rate when the first transparent conductive layer is formed by deposition, the deposition rate can be 5-15 nm / min, so that the first transparent conductive layer with good performance can be formed.
  • the deposition rate may be 7-10 nm / min.
  • the deposition time when a first transparent conductive layer is formed on a first substrate having an area of 150 mm * 70 mm, the deposition time is 15-20 minutes, and the thickness of the first transparent conductive layer obtained by the deposition is 150 nm.
  • the deposition area can be 150mm * 70mm.
  • the method may further include: pasting a pattern layer including a film on a surface of the electrochromic layer away from the first transparent conductive layer, and then An electrolyte layer is formed on a surface of the electrochromic layer far from the first transparent conductive layer on the surface not covered by the pattern layer.
  • the thickness of the electrolyte layer and the thickness of the pattern layer are the same. Therefore, by adjusting the thickness of the film forming the pattern layer, the thickness of the electrolyte layer can be easily adjusted.
  • a bottom printing layer is formed on a side of the second substrate away from the second conductive layer to shield components in the electronic device, and can further enrich the effect finally exhibited by the electrochromic device.
  • different colors of ink can be directly printed on the surface of the second substrate far from the second conductive layer, or different texture effects can be set; or the side of the second substrate far from the second conductive layer can be printed.
  • a film (such as a polyethylene terephthalate film) with a certain color or texture effect is pasted on the surface of the surface to form a bottom printing layer.
  • the present application proposes an electronic device.
  • the electronic device 1100 includes the aforementioned electrochromic device 1000, a control circuit (not shown in the figure), and a screen (not shown in the figure).
  • the control circuit is used for Based on the operating state of the electronic device 1100, the electrochromic device 1000 is controlled to change color, and the screen is used to display information. Therefore, the electronic device has all the features and advantages of the electrochromic device described above, which will not be repeated here. In general, the appearance of the electronic device is rich and expressive.
  • the control circuit can control the voltage of the electrochromic device according to the operating state of the electronic device 1100, so that the electrochromic layer changes color.
  • the electrochromic device 1000 may be the appearance casing of the electronic device 1100, so that the casing of the electronic device can achieve multi-color collision and discoloration effects.
  • the appearance of the electronic device is rich and expressive. Strong.
  • the electronic device may be any of various types of computer system devices that are mobile or portable and perform wireless communication.
  • the electronic device may be a mobile phone or a smart phone (e.g., iPhoneTM, AndroidTM-based phone), a portable gaming device (e.g. Nintendo DSTM, PlayStation PortableTM, Gameboy AdvanceTM, iPhoneTM), laptop Computers, PDAs, portable Internet devices, music players, and data storage devices, other handheld devices, such as watches, earphones, pendants, headphones, etc.
  • Electronic devices can also be other wearable devices (for example, such as electronic Glasses, electronic clothes, electronic bracelets, electronic necklaces, electronic tattoos, electronic devices or smart watch head-mounted devices (HMD)).
  • HMD smart watch head-mounted devices
  • the electronic device may also be any one of a plurality of electronic devices, including, but not limited to, a cellular phone, a smart phone, other wireless communication devices, a personal digital assistant, an audio player, other media players, a music recorder, Video recorders, cameras, other media recorders, radios, medical equipment, vehicle transportation equipment, calculators, programmable remote controls, pagers, laptops, desktop computers, printers, netbook computers, personal digital assistants (PDAs), portable multimedia Player (PMP), Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG-1 or MPEG-2) Audio Layer 3 (MP3) player, portable medical equipment, digital camera and combinations thereof.
  • PDAs personal digital assistants
  • PMP portable multimedia Player
  • MPEG-1 or MPEG-2 Moving Picture Experts Group
  • MP3 Motion Picture Experts Group Audio Layer 3
  • electronic devices can perform multiple functions (eg, play music, display videos, store pictures, and receive and send phone calls).
  • the electronic device may be a portable device such as a cell phone, media player, other handheld device, wristwatch device, pendant device, handset device, or other compact portable device.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

一种电致变色装置（1000）及其制备方法、电子设备。电致变色装置（1000）包括：相对设置的第一衬底（100）以及第二衬底（700），以及位于第一衬底（100）和第二衬底（700）之间的第一透明导电层（200）以及第二导电层（600），第一透明导电层（200）以及第二导电层（600）之间具有电致变色层（300），第二衬底（700）远离第二导电层（600）一侧的表面上具有底部印刷层（800），第二导电层（600）远离第二衬底（700）的一侧具有图案层（900），且图案层（900）在第一衬底（100）上的正投影至多覆盖第一衬底（100）的部分表面，电致变色装置（1000）的颜色可随着第一透明导电层（200）以及第二导电层（600）之间的电压的改变而改变。

Description

电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备
优先权信息
本申请请求2018年09月30日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为201811159209.7的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子设备制造领域，具体地，涉及电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备。
背景技术
电致变色材料是具有电致变色性能的材料，电致变色是指材料的光学属性(反射率、透过率、吸收率等)在外加电场的作用下发生稳定、可逆的颜色变化的现象，在外观上表现为颜色和透明度的可逆变化。目前电致变色材料在信息、电子、能源、建筑以及国防等方面都有广泛的用途。比如，电致变色材料应用在汽车后视镜上时，汽车后视镜可以呈现从镜面银到深色镜面的变化，可以起到防眩光的作用。又比如，电致变色材料应用到飞机旋窗或者建筑玻璃上，飞机旋窗或者建筑玻璃可以呈现由浅到深的颜色变化，具有遮光用途等。
随着电子设备领域制备技术的不断发展，用于电子设备的电致变色装置材料也随之丰富。随着消费水平的提高，消费者对电子产品不仅追求功能的多样化，而且对其外观、质感等也有越来越高的要求。而目前电子设备的外观壳体，一旦制备完成后，其外观颜色为固定、不可变的，因此难以满足用户多方面的需求。
发明内容
在本申请的一个方面，本申请提出了一种电致变色装置。该电致变色装置包括：相对设置的第一衬底以及第二衬底，以及位于所述第一衬底和所述第二衬底之间的第一透明导电层以及第二导电层，所述第一透明导电层以及所述第二导电层之间具有电致变色层，所述第二衬底远离所述第二导电层一侧的表面上具有底部印刷层，所述第二导电层远离所述第二衬底的一侧具有图案层，且所述图案层在所述第一衬底上的正投影至多覆盖所述第一衬底的部分表面，所述电致变色装置的颜色可随着所述第一透明导电层以及所述第二导电层之间的电压的改变而改变。由此，通过简便地设置图案层，并将图案层设置在第二导电层远离第二衬底的一侧，可以使该电致变色装置同时呈现电致变色颜色以及多种图案、纹理等的组合效果，并且可以简便地实现撞色效果以及局部变色效果等，将该电致变色装置应用到电子设备的外观壳体时，可以丰富壳体的外观，提升了产品的表现力。
在本申请的另一方面，本申请提出了一种制备电致变色装置的方法。该方法包括形成电致变色单元的步骤、形成图案层的步骤以及形成底部印刷层的步骤，其中，所述形成电致变色单元的步骤包括：在相对设置的第一衬底以及第二衬底之间，依次设置第一透明导电层、电致变色层以及第二导电层；所述图案层形成在所述第二导电层远离所述第二衬底的一侧，且所述图案层在所述第一衬底上的正投影至多覆盖所述第一衬底的部分表面；所述底部印刷层形成在所述第二衬底远离所述第二导电层一侧的表面上。由此，该方法可以简便地制备具有丰富的外观效果的电致变色装置，当该电致变色装置作为电子设备的外观壳体时，该方法可以简便地制备具有丰富的外观效果的壳体。
在本申请的又一方面，本申请提出了一种电子设备。该电子设备包括：前面所述的电致变色装置；控制电路，所述控制电路用于根据所述电子设备的运行状态，控制所述电致变色装置变色；以及屏幕，所述屏幕用于显示信息。由此，该电子设备具有前面所述的电致变色装置所具有的全部特征以及优点，在此不再赘述。
附图说明
图1显示了根据本申请一个实施例的电致变色装置的结构示意图；
图2显示了根据本申请另一个实施例的电致变色装置的结构示意图；
图3显示了根据本申请又一个实施例的电致变色装置的结构示意图；
图4显示了根据本申请又一个实施例的电致变色装置的结构示意图；
图5显示了根据本申请又一个实施例的电致变色装置的结构示意图；
图6显示了根据本申请又一个实施例的电致变色装置的结构示意图；
图7显示了根据本申请一个实施例的制备电致变色装置的方法流程图；
图8显示了根据本申请另一个实施例的制备电致变色装置的方法流程图；以及
图9显示了根据本申请一个实施例的电子设备的结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
10：第一光学胶层；20：第二光学胶层；30：基材；100：第一衬底；200：第一透明导电层；300：电致变色层；400：电解质层；500：离子储存层；600：第二导电层；700：第二衬底；800：底部印刷层；900：图案层；1000：电致变色装置；1100：电子设备。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例，所述实施例的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述 的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
需要说明的是，在本申请的各个方面中所描述的特征和效果可以互相适用，在此不再赘述。
本申请是基于发明人对以下事实和问题的发现和认识作出的：
发明人发现，目前的电致变色装置，尤其是用于电子设备壳体的电致变色装置，其颜色等外观效果方面还不能满足用户的需求。电致变色材料的颜色可以随着电压的大小和方向发生变化，将电致变色材料应用到电致变色装置，电致变色装置可以在不同的电压下呈现不同的颜色。因此，电致变色装置在制作好之后，其颜色可以随着电压发生变化，颜色较为丰富。例如，利用电致变色装置制作的电子设备的外观壳体，制作好之后，其颜色可以随着电压发生变化，颜色较为丰富。然而发明人通过深入研究发现，上述方案制备的电致变色装置，只能呈现出不同颜色的外观效果，无法实现纹理、图案等多种外观效果的叠加，产品的外观效果相对单一。并且，在某一固定电压状态下，整个电致变色装置只能呈现一种颜色，无法实现多种颜色的撞色效果。并且，较难根据需要在电致变色装置的部分区域实现变色，而其他区域的颜色保持不变。因此，如果能提出一种新的电致变色装置，可以简便地使利用电致变色材料制备的电致变色装置实现多种图案、纹理等组合效果，并且可以在同一电压状态下实现多种颜色的撞色效果，将在很大程度上解决上述问题。
在本申请的一个方面，本申请提出了一种电致变色装置。根据本申请的实施例，参考图1，该电致变色装置1000包括：相对设置的第一衬底100以及第二衬底700，以及位于第一衬底100和第二衬底700之间的第一透明导电层200以及第二导电层600，第一透明导电层200以及第二导电层600之间具有电致变色层300，第二衬底700远离第二导电层600一侧的表面上具有底部印刷层800，第二导电层600远离第二衬底700的一侧具有图案层900，且图案层900在第一衬底100上的正投影至多覆盖第一衬底100的部分表面，该电致变色装置1000的颜色可随着第一透明导电层200以及第二导电层400之间的电压的改变而改变。
也即是说，根据本申请的实施例，该电致变色装置1000包括第一衬底100、第一透明导电层200、电致变色层300、第二导电层600、第二衬底700、底部印刷层800以及图案层900。其中，第一透明导电层200设置在第一衬底100上，电致变色层300设置在第一透明导电层200远离第一衬底100一侧的表面上，第二导电层600设置在电致变色层300远离第一透明导电层200一侧的表面上，第二衬底700设置在第二导电层600远离电致变色层300一侧的表面上，底部印刷层800设置在第二衬底700远离第二导电层600一侧的表面上，图案层900设置在第二导电层600远离第二衬底700的一侧，且图案层900在第一衬底100上的正投影至多覆盖第一衬底100的部分表面。由此，通过简便地设置图案层900， 并将图案层900设置在第二导电层600远离第二衬底700的一侧(该电致变色装置1000的第一衬底100为使用时朝向用户的一侧)，可以使该电致变色装置1000同时呈现电致变色颜色以及多种图案、纹理等的组合效果；并且，可以简便地实现撞色效果以及局部变色效果等，将该电致变色装置1000应用到电子设备的外观壳体时，可以丰富壳体的外观，提升产品的表现力。
为了方便理解，下面对根据本申请实施例的电致变色装置能实现上述技术效果的原理进行说明：
如前所述，利用电致变色材料制备的电致变色装置，尤其当该电致变色装置用于电子设备的外观壳体时，虽然其颜色可以随着电压变化，但是该电致变色装置只能呈现出不同颜色的外观效果，无法实现纹理、图案等多种外观效果的叠加，产品的外观效果相对单一；并且，在某一固定电压状态下，整个电致变色装置只能呈现一种颜色，无法实现多种颜色的撞色效果；并且，较难根据需要在电致变色装置的部分区域实现变色，其他区域的颜色保持不变。根据本申请实施例的电致变色装置，通过设置图案层，具体的，该电致变色装置的第一衬底可以为使用时朝向用户的一侧，图案层可以设置在第二导电层远离第二衬底的一侧，即图案层可以设置在电致变色装置中第二导电层朝向用户一侧的任意位置，且图案层在第一衬底上的正投影只覆盖第一衬底的部分表面。由此，该图案层可以简便地对电致变色层呈现的电致变色颜色进行部分遮蔽，使该电致变色装置同时呈现电致变色颜色以及图案层的颜色、图案、纹理等的组合效果，丰富了电致变色装置的外观；并且，通过对图案层的光透过率的设计，当图案层的透光率较大时，图案层在第一衬底上的正投影区域(参考图1中所示出的图案层900在第一衬底100上的正投影区域100A)，可以呈现电致变色颜色以及图案层的叠加效果，将该电致变色装置应用到电子设备的外观壳体时，可以进一步丰富壳体的外观。
下面根据本申请的实施例，对该电致变色装置的各个结构进行详细说明：
根据本申请的实施例，第一衬底100的具体材料不受特别限制，只要第一衬底是由透明材料形成的即可，由此，电致变色层300产生的颜色可以透过第一透明导电层200以及第一衬底100呈现出来。具体的，形成第一衬底100的透明材料可以为玻璃，玻璃材料具有良好的透光性、耐腐蚀性、耐热性以及易于加工等优点，并且取材简便，成本低廉。具体的，形成第一衬底100的透明材料可以为塑胶，更具体的，可以为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯或者聚碳酸酯，由此，可以增强电致变色装置1000的韧性，使电致变色装置1000具有耐摔性能，并且其成本也较为低廉。根据本申请的实施例，第一衬底100也可以为电子设备的外观壳体，由此，可以简便地使电子设备的外观壳体具有丰富的电致变色的外观效果，丰富了电子设备的外观。
根据本申请的实施例，第一透明导电层200的具体材料不受特别限制，具体的，可以为金属氧化物薄膜或者纳米银，其中，金属氧化物薄膜可以为氧化铟锡(ITO)薄膜、铟锌氧(IZO)薄膜、铟镓锌(IGZO)薄膜或铝锌氧(AZO)薄膜。由此，第一透明导电层200可以具有良好的导电性以及较高的透明度。
根据本申请的实施例，电致变色层300的具体材料不受特别限制，可以为无机物，也可以为有机物。例如，形成电致变色层300的无机电致变色材料可以为三氧化钨(WO 3)，可以为五氧化二钒(V 2O 5)等；形成电致变色层300的有机物可以为有机小分子电致变色材料，例如联吡啶等；形成电致变色层300的有机物也可以为导电聚合物，例如可以为聚噻吩、聚苯胺、聚吡咯、聚咔唑、聚呋喃、聚吲哚及其衍生物等。
根据本申请的实施例，形成第二导电层600的具体材料不受特别限制，只要具有导电性能即可。具体的，第二导电层600可以是由透明导电材料形成的，也可以是由不透明导电材料形成的。例如，可以由氧化铟锡(ITO)薄膜、铟锌氧(IZO)薄膜形成，也可以由铝、铜等金属材料形成。
根据本申请的实施例，第一衬底100由透明材料例如玻璃形成时，第二衬底700可以是由透明材料或者不透明材料形成的。具体的，第二衬底700也可以是由玻璃、塑胶等材料形成的。具体的，第二衬底700可以是由柔性的塑料膜片形成的，例如，可以为聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜或者聚碳酸酯膜。由此，柔性材料形成的第二衬底700的厚度较小，可以减薄电致变色装置1000的整体厚度，且在柔性材料上镀膜形成第二导电层600的效率较高，成本较低。根据本申请的实施例，当第二导电层600由透明导电材料形成时，可以在第二衬底700远离第二导电层600一侧的表面形成底部印刷层800，当该电致变色装置1000用于形成电子设备的外观壳体时，该底部印刷层800可以遮挡电子设备中的元器件，且能够进一步丰富电致变色装置1000最终呈现的效果。根据本申请的一些实施例，可以在第二衬底700远离第二导电层600一侧的表面直接印刷不同颜色的油墨或者设置不同的纹理效果，只要能遮挡电子设备中的元器件即可；根据本申请的另一些实施例，也可以在第二衬底700远离第二导电层600一侧的表面，粘贴具有一定颜色或者纹理等效果的膜片(例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜片)，由此，也可以简便地遮挡电子设备中的元器件。
根据本申请的实施例，参考图5，电致变色装置1000可以进一步包括依次设置的电解质层400以及离子储存层500，电解质层400以及离子储存层500位于电致变色层300和第二导电层600之间，其中，电解质层400位于靠近电致变色层300的一侧。也即是说，电解质层400位于电致变色层300远离第一透明导电层200一侧的表面上，离子储存层500位于电解质层400远离电致变色层300一侧的表面上。根据本申请的实施例，当电致变色层300是由有机材料形成时，电解质层400可以是由胶状材料构成的。根据本申请的实施 例，电解质层400中的离子可以与电致变色层300中的电致变色材料发生掺杂或脱掺杂，进而使得电致变色层300发生颜色变化。根据本申请的实施例，离子储存层500的厚度可以为纳米级别。由此，可以使电致变色层300发生颜色变化。根据本申请的实施例，离子储存层500中的离子呈现一定的颜色，当离子储存层500的厚度较厚时，离子储存层500的颜色较深，在电致变色装置不加电压时离子储存层500的颜色便会透过电解质层400、电致变色层300、第一透明导电层200以及第一衬底100，使得电致变色装置1000呈现一定程度的颜色，影响电致变色装置的变色效果。
根据本申请的实施例，图案层900的具体类型不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据所要实现的外观效果进行设计。例如，图案层900可以包括纹理印刷亚层、光学镀膜亚层以及油墨亚层的至少之一。具体的，图案层900可以包括油墨亚层，油墨亚层可以具有单一的颜色效果，也可以具有多种颜色的组合效果，例如油墨亚层可以具有多种颜色的撞色效果以及渐变色效果等。具体的，图案层900也可以同时具有颜色以及纹理图案等的组合效果，由此，该图案层900的颜色以及纹理图案等外观效果，可以和电致变色层300颜色效果进行组合，进而丰富了电致变色装置1000的外观。例如，参考图1，第一衬底100上设置了图案层900的区域100A可以具有图案层900呈现的颜色以及图案等外观效果，未设置图案层900的区域100B可以呈现出电致变色层300的颜色以及颜色变化效果，从而可以在电致变色装置1000上，实现图案层900的外观效果和电致变色层300的外观效果的组合，进一步丰富了电致变色装置1000的外观。
根据本申请的实施例，图案层900的透明度不受特别限制，例如，图案层900可以是完全不透明的，从而电致变色装置1000可以呈现图案层900和电致变色层300的颜色等的组合效果。具体的，图案层900也可以具有一定的透明度，例如图案层900的透过率可以大于5％，由此，在第一衬底100上，图案层900的正投影所在的区域，可以同时呈现图案层900的颜色、纹理图案等外观，以及电致变色层300的颜色等的叠加效果，从而进一步丰富了电致变色装置的外观。根据本申请的一个具体实施例，参考图1，可以预先在第一衬底100的一侧设置具有第一颜色的图案层900，在某一电压状态下，电致变色层300呈现第二颜色，则第一衬底100上设置了图案层900的区域100A呈现出第一颜色和第二颜色叠加效果(即第三颜色)，未设置图案层900的区域100B呈现出电致变色层300的第二颜色。由此，在电致变色装置1000上实现了第三颜色和第二颜色的撞色效果；并且，随着电压的改变，电致变色层300的颜色变化时，第一衬底100上设置了图案层900的区域100A可以呈现出各个颜色与图案层900叠加后的颜色效果，从而使设置了图案层900的区域100A也可以随着电压的变化呈现不同的颜色效果；并且，设置了图案层900的区域100A和未设置图案层900的区域100B可以呈现丰富的撞色效果，极大地丰富了电致变色装置1000的外 观效果。
根据本申请的实施例，图案层900在第一衬底100上的正投影的位置以及大小不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据需要实现的外观效果进行设计。通过调节图案层900的大小和设置位置，可以简便地控制电致变色装置1000上的变色区域以及变色效果。例如，当该电致变色装置1000用于形成电子设备的外观壳体时，图案层900可以覆盖第一衬底100上除了LOGO(商标)标记(图中未示出)之外的所有区域，由此，电致变色装置1000上设置了LOGO标记的区域可以呈现电致变色层300的颜色，其他区域可以呈现图案层900的颜色以及图案等外观效果，或者呈现图案层900与电致变色层300叠加的颜色以及图案等外观效果，从而进一步提升了电致变色装置的外观。
根据本申请的实施例，图案层900可以直接形成在电致变色装置1000上的某一位置处，例如，可以直接在第一衬底100上印刷油墨等，以形成图案层900；也可以预先在膜片(例如PET膜片)上制作好具有一定颜色、图案、纹理等效果的图案层900，然后将该包括膜片的图案层900粘贴在电致变色装置1000中的相应位置处。
根据本申请的实施例，图案层900位于第二导电层600远离第二衬底700的一侧，也即是说，图案层900可以位于第一衬底100和第二导电层600之间的任意位置，以及第一衬底100远离第一透明导电层200的一侧。下面根据本申请的具体实施例，对该图案层900的各个设置位置进行详细说明：
根据本申请的实施例，参考图2，图案层900可以位于第一衬底100远离第一透明导电层200的一侧。具体的，电致变色装置1000可以进一步包括第一光学胶层10，第一光学胶层10位于图案层900和第一衬底100之间，即第一光学胶层10位于图案层900上，图案层900可以通过第一光学胶层10粘贴在第一衬底100远离第一透明导电层200一侧的表面上。由此，可以简便地将图案层900进行贴合。根据本申请的实施例，电致变色装置1000可以进一步包括基材30以及第二光学胶层20，第二光学胶层20位于图案层900远离第一光学胶层10一侧的表面上，并且基材30通过第二光学胶层20粘贴在图案层900远离第一衬底100的一侧。需要说明的是，基材30可以为玻璃板材或塑胶板材，也即是说，基材30可以为电致变色装置1000未设置电致变色单元(电致变色单元包括第一透明导电层300、电致变色层300、第二导电层600第二衬底700以及底部印刷层800)以及图案层900时的电致变色装置基板，当该电致变色装置1000用于形成电子设备的壳体时，基材30可以具有壳体的尺寸和形状，并且具有一定的强度和支撑能力。根据本申请的具体实施例，图案层900位于第一衬底100远离第一透明导电层200的一侧时，基材30(即电致变色装置基板)、图案层900以及电致变色单元可以分别作为独立的单元进行制作，将其分别制作好之后，可以简便地利用光学胶将其粘贴在一起，即可形成根据本申请实施例的电致变色装置 1000。由此，无需改变已有的制作电致变色单元的工艺等，操作较为简单。例如，独立制作基材30(即电致变色装置基板)、图案层900以及电致变色单元时，基材30的成型加工较为简便，可以利用已有的生产工艺，无需考虑在基材30上形成电致变色单元的难易程度等；例如，可以制作的图案层900的种类也较为丰富，例如，可以在膜片上印刷油墨，进行光学镀膜等，而无需考虑图案层和电致变色单元一起制作时，由于第一透明导电层以及第二导电层的沉积温度较高，会影响油墨层的形状以及性质等；例如，制作电致变色单元时，可以无需考虑油墨层是否耐高温等，并且第一衬底以及第二衬底可以均采用柔性材料制作，后期，可以通过光学胶将其与图案层900以及基材30进行贴合即可。
根据本申请的具体实施例，参考图3，图案层900可以位于第一衬底100和第一透明导电层200之间，即图案层900可以位于第一衬底100靠近第一透明导电层200一侧的表面上，第一透明导电层200覆盖图案层900远离第一衬底100一侧的表面，以及第一衬底100朝向图案层900的一侧，未被图案层900覆盖的表面。根据本申请的实施例，由于在第一衬底100和第一透明导电层200之间的部分区域设置了图案层900，因此，在第一衬底100上沉积形成第一透明导电层200时，第一透明导电层200沉积在图案层900以及第一衬底100的表面。如果第一透明导电层200的厚度过小，容易造成第一透明导电层200的厚度均匀性性较差，进而影响第一透明导电层200的导电性能等，影响电致变色装置的使用性能。因此，根据本申请的实施例，第一透明导电层200的厚度可以不小于30nm，例如可以为30-250nm，例如可以为50nm，可以为100nm，可以为120nm，可以为150nm，可以为200nm，可以为230nm等，由此，可以避免因第一透明导电层200的厚度过小造成的第一透明导电层200的厚度均匀性差、导电性差等不良。具体的，第一透明导电层200的厚度可以为150-250nm，由此，具有该厚度的第一透明导电层200具有较好的使用性能。根据本申请的实施例，图案层900的厚度不受特别限制，只要能遮蔽第一透明导电层200的部分区域即可。具体的，在印刷了图案层900的第一衬底100上沉积形成第一透明导电层200时，最终形成的第一透明导电层200远离第一衬底100的一侧可能具有一定的厚度偏差(第一透明导电层200上图案层900对应的区域较厚凸出)，但由于该厚度偏差较小，不影响电致变色装置1000的使用性能。并且，可以通过后续在第一透明导电层200上形成其他结构时进行调整，只要使最终形成的电致变色装置1000的表面较为平整即可。根据本申请的实施例，由于后续需要在图案层900远离第一衬底100的一侧形成第一透明导电层200，形成第一透明导电层200时采用的沉积等方法，温度较高，因此，形成图案层900的油墨可以为耐高温油墨，从而在整个制备电致变色装置1000的过程中不会影响图案层900的结构和外观，进一步提高了电致变色装置1000的使用性能。
根据本申请的实施例，图案层900位于第一衬底100和第一透明导电层200之间时， 还可以覆盖第一接线区域(图中未示出，第一接线区域用于设置连接电源和第一透明导电层的连接线，该连接线通常为不透明的，如不设置其他遮蔽结构，该连接线的颜色会从第一衬底表面透出，造成电致变色装置外观缺陷)。由此，该图案层900可以遮蔽第一接线区域中的不透明连接线等，避免不透明连接线造成的电致变色装置的外观缺陷，提升电致变色装置1000的外观。
根据本申请的具体实施例，参考图4，图案层900可以位于第一透明导电层200和电致变色层300之间，即图案层900可以位于第一透明导电层200远离第一衬底100一侧的表面上，电致变色层300覆盖图案层900远离第一透明导电层200一侧的表面，以及第一透明导电层200朝向图案层900的一侧，未被图案层900覆盖的表面。
根据本申请的实施例，参考图5，图案层900可以位于离子储存层500和第二导电层600之间，即图案层900可以位于第二导电层600远离第二衬底700一侧的表面上，离子储存层500覆盖图案层900远离第二导电层600一侧的表面，以及第二导电层600朝向图案层900的一侧，未被图案层900覆盖的表面。具体的，可以先在第一衬底100上形成第一透明导电层200(或者先在第二衬底700上形成第二导电层600)，然后将包括膜片的图案层900贴合在第一透明导电层200(或第二导电层600)上的相应位置，然后再形成电致变色层300(或者形成离子储存层500)。
根据本申请的实施例，参考图6，图案层900可以与电解质层400同层设置，且图案层900的厚度和电解质层400的厚度相同。具体的，可以先在离子储存层500远离第二导电层600一侧的表面上形成图案层900，例如粘贴包括膜片的图案层900，然后再在离子储存层500远离第二导电层600一侧未被图案层900覆盖的表面形成电解质层400，例如涂覆胶状的电介质层材料等。形成的电解质层400的厚度可以与图案层900的厚度相同，从而通过调节形成图案层900的膜片的厚度，可以简便地调节电解质层400的厚度。
根据本申请的实施例，当形成该电致变色装置的各层材料包括半固体材料时，该电致变色装置还可以包括绝缘胶。由此，可以对电致变色装置进行封装，提高电致变色装置的密封性，使电致变色装置在加电压时呈现良好的外观效果。根据本申请的实施例，绝缘胶可以为胶带。关于绝缘胶的位置不受特别限制，只要实现上述效果即可，本领域技术人员可以根据具体情况进行设计。例如，根据本申请的实施例，绝缘胶可以位于第一衬底以及第二衬底之间，并绕设在电致变色层、电解质层以及离子储存层的外围，并对电致变色层、电解质层以及离子储存层进行密封。根据本申请的另一些实施例，绝缘胶位于第一衬底以及第二衬底之间，并绕设在第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子储存层以及第二导电层的外围，并对电致变色层、电解质层、离子储存层进行密封。由此，可以密封并绝缘电致变色层，防止外界环境对其的干扰。
根据本申请的实施例，该电致变色装置还可以包括：连接导线，连接导线与第一透明导电层以及第二导电层相连。由此，可以通过控制电路向第一透明导电层以及第二导电层施加电压，控制电致变色层变色。
根据本申请的另一些实施例，形成的连接导线还可以为铜胶带，铜胶带向远离电致变色层的一侧延伸，且铜胶带靠近电致变色层一侧的边缘，与其所连接的导电层(第一透明导电层以及第二导电层)的边缘之间具有重叠区域。由此，可以利用铜胶带实现电传导。根据本申请的另一些实施例，连接导线还可以为金属导线，通过绝缘胶将金属导线以及导电层连接起来。
在本申请的另一个方面，本申请提出了一种制备电致变色装置的方法。该方法可以简便地制备同时具有图案层的颜色、图案、纹理等外观以及电致变色层的颜色的组合和叠加效果的电致变色装置。根据本申请的实施例，该方法制备的电致变色装置可以为前面所述的电致变色装置，由此，该方法制备的电致变色装置可以具有前面所述的电致变色装置所具有的全部特征以及优点，在此不再赘述。根据本申请的实施例，该方法包括形成电致变色单元的步骤、形成图案层的步骤以及形成底部印刷层的步骤，其中，形成电致变色单元的步骤、形成图案层的步骤以及形成底部印刷层的步骤的先后顺序不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据图案层的具体设置位置，进行合理选择。例如，可以在制作电致变色单元中的各层结构时，增加形成图案层的步骤。例如，可以在制作好电致变色单元后，将底部印刷层形成在第二衬底远离第二导电层的一侧，也可以先在第二衬底上形成底部印刷层，再将第二衬底和第一衬底贴合等。
根据本申请的实施例，参考图7，该方法包括：
S100：在第一衬底上形成电致变色单元
在该步骤中，在第一衬底上形成电致变色单元。根据本申请的实施例，电致变色单元包括依次设置在第一衬底上的第一透明导电层、电致变色层、第二导电层以及第二衬底。根据本申请的实施例，电致变色单元的具体形成方式不受特别限制，本领域技术人员可以根据电致变色层的具体材料(例如无机物、有机小分子、导电聚合物)选择合适的制备工艺。根据本申请的具体实施例，参考图8，该方法可以进一步包括：
S10：形成第一透明导电层
在该步骤中，在第一衬底上形成第一透明导电层。根据本申请的实施例，第一衬底可以为前面所述的第一衬底，例如，第一衬底可以是由透明材料形成的，第一材料可以为玻璃或塑胶。根据本申请的实施例，第一透明导电层可以为前面所述的第一透明导电层，具体的，可以为氧化铟锡或者纳米银等，第一透明导电层可以具有良好的导电性以及较高的透明度。根据本申请的实施例，第一透明导电层可以通过沉积(即溅镀)的方式形成。由 此，可以利用简单的工艺形成第一透明导电层。
S20：形成电致变色层
在该步骤中，在前面所述的形成有第一透明导电层的第一衬底上，形成电致变色层。根据本申请的实施例，形成电致变色层的材料不受特别限制，具体的，电致变色材料可以为无机物，例如可以为三氧化钨、五氧化二钒等；可以为有机物等，例如，电致变色材料可以为有机小分子，如联吡啶；可以为导电聚合物，如聚噻吩、聚苯胺、聚吡咯等。根据本申请的实施例，电致变色材料为无机物时，可以先将无机物纳米颗粒分散在溶剂中，然后采用印刷法制备电致变色层；具体的，电致变色材料为有机小分子时，可以采用真空灌装法形成电致变色层；具体的，由导电聚合物形成的电致变色层可以利用电聚合、热聚合、涂覆以及光聚合等方法制备。由此，电致变色层的制备方法多样，本领域技术人员可以根据电致变色层的具体材料进行选择。
S30：在第二衬底的一侧形成第二导电层
在该步骤中，在第二衬底的一侧形成第二导电层。根据本申请的实施例，第二衬底可以为前面所述的第二衬底，第二导电层可以为前面所述的第二导电层，第二衬底可以是由透明材料或者不透明材料形成的。例如，第二导电层可以是由透明导电材料形成的，具体的，可以为氧化铟锡或者纳米银。根据本申请的实施例，形成第二导电层的方法可以与前面所述的形成第一导电层的方法相同，在此不再赘述。
S40：将形成有电致变色层的第一衬底和形成有第二导电层的第二衬底进行贴合，以便形成所述电致变色装置
在该步骤中，将形成有电致变色层的第一衬底和形成有第二导电层的第二衬底贴合，第二导电层与电致变色层远离第一透明导电层的一侧相接触，以便形成所述电致变色装置。根据本申请的实施例，在第一衬底上形成第一透明导电层以及电致变色层之后，可以先将第二导电层形成在第二衬底上(如前所述)，也可以直接将第二导电层形成在电致变色层远离第一透明导电层的一侧，本领域技术人员可以根据电致变色层的材料等进行合理选择。具体的，当电致变色层由无机物形成时，在第一衬底上形成油墨层之后，可以在第一衬底上依次形成第一透明导电层、电致变色层以及第二导电层。
根据本申请的实施例，该方法可以进一步包括：形成离子储存层以及形成电解质层。根据本申请的实施例，该离子储存层以及电解质层可以为前面所述的离子储存层以及电解质层，在此不再赘述。根据本申请的实施例，电解质层可以防止迁移的正负离子快速汇聚，从而进一步提高电致变色层变色的稳定性。根据本申请的一些实施例，离子储存层可以形成在第二导电层远离第二衬底的一侧，电解质层可以形成在离子储存层远离第二导电层的一侧，然后将第二衬底上的电解质层与第一衬底上电致变色层远离第一透明导电层的一侧 相接触贴合，以便形成电致变色装置；根据本申请的另一些实施例，也可以直接将电解质层形成在电致变色层远离第一透明导电层的一侧，将离子储存层形成在电解质层远离电致变色层的一侧，以便形成电致变色装置。
根据本申请的具体实施例，当电致变色层由导电聚合物形成时，可以通过旋涂、淋涂、滚涂、刮涂、浸涂、喷涂或者丝印形成离子储存层，可以通过丝网印刷的方式，在离子储存层远离第二导电层的一侧均匀涂覆电解质层材料，以便得到电解质层；根据本申请的具体实施例，当电致变色层由无机物(例如三氧化钨)形成时，可以采用磁控溅射的方法形成离子储存层以及电解质层；根据本申请的具体实施例，当电致变色层由有机小分子(例如联吡啶)形成时，可无需额外制备离子储存层以及电解质层，采用真空灌装的方式形成电致变色层即可。
根据本申请的实施例，在形成第一透明导电层以及第二导电层时还可以同步形成连接导线，绝缘胶设置在连接导线远离导电层的一侧。具体的，连接导线的具体材料以及设置方式可以与前面描述的相同，在此不再赘述。由此，可以通过连接导线向第一透明导电层以及第二导电层施加电压，控制电致变色层变色。
根据本申请的实施例，可以在电致变色装置的外围设置绝缘胶，绝缘胶可以可以密封并绝缘电致变色层，防止外界环境对其的干扰。根据本申请的实施例，关于绝缘胶的种类不受特别限制，例如，绝缘胶可以为绝缘胶带，绝缘胶带的厚度与电致变色层、电解质层以及离子储存层的厚度之和相一致。由此，可以实现对电致变色层、电解质层以及离子储存层的密封。根据本申请的另一些实施例，绝缘胶还可以为胶水，绝缘胶可以设置在第一透明导电层以及第二导电层的外围，通过点胶的方式设置绝缘胶，实现对电致变色层、电解质层以及离子储存层的密封。需要特别说明的是，可以先在第一衬底上依次设置第一透明导电层以及电致变色层，再在第二衬底上依次设置第二导电层(或者设置第二导电层、离子储存层以及电解质层)；也可以先在第二衬底上依次设置第二导电层(或者设置第二导电层、离子储存层以及电解质层)，然后在第一衬底上依次设置第一透明导电层以及电致变色层。也即是说，形成具有各层结构的第一衬底以及第二衬底的顺序不受特别限制，只要在封装之前，在两个衬底上分别形成需要形成的结构即可。
S200：形成图案层
在该步骤中，形成图案层。根据本申请的实施例，图案层可以形成在第一衬底远离第一透明导电层的一侧，或者设置在第一衬底和第二导电层之间的任意位置。如前所述，可以直接在第一衬底上印刷油墨等，以形成图案层，也可以预先在膜片(例如PET膜片)上制作好具有一定颜色、图案、纹理等效果的图案层，然后将该包括膜片的图案层粘贴在电致变色装置中的相应位置处。
根据本申请的具体实施例，图案层可以夹设在第一光学胶层以及第二光学胶层之间，并且基于第一光学胶层以及第二光学胶层，将图案层固定。具体的，电致变色装置可以进一步包括基材，基于第二光学胶层，可以将图案层固定在基材的表面，并且，基于第一光学胶层，可以将电致变色单元固定在第一光学胶层远离所述图案层的一侧。根据本申请的实施例，如前所述，当图案层形成在第一衬底远离第一透明导电层的一侧时，图案层可以作为独立的单元进行制作，将其制作好之后，可以简便地利用光学胶将其粘贴在第一衬底的表面(例如利用第一光学胶层粘贴在第一衬底的表面)，从而无需改变已有的制作电致变色单元的工艺等，操作较为简单。并且，还可以将图案层以及电致变色单元通过第二光学胶层粘贴在基材(即电致变色装置基板)上，由此，基材的成型加工较为简便，可以利用已有的生产工艺，无需考虑在基材上形成电致变色单元的难易程度等；可以制作的图案层的种类也较为丰富，例如，可以在膜片上印刷油墨，进行光学镀膜等，而无需考虑图案层和电致变色单元一起制作时，由于第一透明导电层以及第二导电层的沉积温度较高，会影响油墨层的形状以及性质等；例如，制作电致变色单元时，可以无需考虑油墨层是否耐高温等，并且第一衬底以及第二衬底可以均采用柔性材料制作，后期，可以通过光学胶将其与图案层以及基材进行贴合即可。
根据本申请的具体实施例，图案层形成在第一透明导电层远离第一衬底的一侧时，该方法可以进一步包括：可以先在第一衬底上形成第一透明导电层，然后在第一透明导电层远离第一衬底的一侧形成图案层，然后形成电致变色层，电致变色层可以覆盖图案层，以及第一透明导电层未被图案层覆盖的部分。
根据本申请的具体实施例，图案层形成在第一衬底靠近第一透明导电层的一侧时，该方法可以进一步包括：首先在第一衬底靠近第一透明导电层一侧的表面印刷油墨，以便形成图案层；然后在图案层远离第一衬底一侧的表面，以及第一衬底朝向图案层一侧，未被图案层覆盖的表面沉积透明导电材料，以便形成第一透明导电层。需要说明的是，目前常用的在第一衬底上沉积形成第一透明导电层的方法中，例如在第一衬底上沉积氧化铟锡(ITO)时，沉积温度一般为300-450摄氏度。而根据本申请实施例的方法中，由于预先在第一衬底上印刷了油墨层(即图案层)，油墨层(即图案层)的耐高温性能较差，因此，本申请中，在图案层远离第一衬底的一侧以及在第一衬底上沉积ITO时，沉积温度较低，例如沉积温度不大于350摄氏度。并且，前面步骤中形成油墨层时，所采用的油墨为耐高温油墨，因此，可以保证在油墨层上沉积ITO时，不会影响油墨层的性能，同时沉积的ITO层也具有较好的性能。
根据本申请的实施例，沉积得到的第一透明导电层的厚度可以不小于30nm，例如可以为30-250nm，由此，可以避免因第一透明导电层的厚度过小造成的不良。具体的，第一透 明导电层的厚度可以为150-250nm，由此，具有该厚度的第一透明导电层具有较好的使用性能。
根据本申请的实施例，沉积形成第一透明导电层时，沉积速率可以为5-15nm/min，由此，可以形成性能良好的第一透明导电层，当沉积速率过大或过小时，会造成沉积的第一透明导电层表面不平整、均一性不好等不良。具体的，沉积速率可以为7-10nm/min。根据本申请的一个具体实施例，在面积为150mm*70mm的第一衬底上形成第一透明导电层时，沉积时间为15-20分钟，沉积得到的第一透明导电层的厚度为150nm，沉积面积可以为150mm*70mm。
根据本申请的具体实施例，图案层和电解质层同层设置时，该方法可以进一步包括：在电致变色层远离第一透明导电层一侧的表面上粘贴包括膜片的图案层，然后在电致变色层远离第一透明导电层一侧未被图案层覆盖的表面上形成电解质层。其中，电解质层的厚度和图案层的厚度相同。从而通过调节形成图案层的膜片的厚度，可以简便地调节电解质层的厚度。
S300：形成底部印刷层
在该步骤中，在第二衬底远离第二导电层的一侧形成底部印刷层，以遮挡电子设备中的元器件，且能够进一步丰富电致变色装置最终呈现的效果。根据本申请的实施例，可以在第二衬底远离第二导电层一侧的表面直接印刷不同颜色的油墨，或者设置不同的纹理效果；也可以在第二衬底远离第二导电层一侧的表面粘贴具有一定颜色，或者纹理等效果的膜片(例如聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯膜片)，以便形成底部印刷层。
在本申请的又一方面，本申请提出了一种电子设备。根据本申请的实施例，参考图9，该电子设备1100包括：前面所述的电致变色装置1000、控制电路(图中未示出)以及屏幕(图中未示出)，该控制电路用于根据电子设备1100的运行状态，控制电致变色装置1000变色，屏幕用于显示信息。由此，该电子设备具有前面所述的电致变色装置所具有的全部特征以及优点，在此不再赘述。总的来说，该电子设备的外观丰富，表现力强。
根据本申请的实施例，该控制电路可以根据电子设备1100的运行状态，控制电致变色装置的电压，以使电致变色层进行变色。根据本申请的实施例，电致变色装置1000可以为电子设备1100的外观壳体，从而该电子设备的壳体可以实现多种颜色的撞色以及变色效果，该电子设备的外观丰富，表现力强。
示例性的，电子设备可以为移动或便携式并执行无线通信的各种类型的计算机系统设备中的任何一种。具体的，电子设备可以为移动电话或智能电话(例如，基于iPhone TM，基于Android TM的电话)，便携式游戏设备(例如Nintendo DS TM，PlayStation Portable TM，Gameboy Advance TM，iPhone TM)、膝上型电脑、PDA、便携式互联网设备、音乐播放器 以及数据存储设备，其他手持设备以及诸如手表、入耳式耳机、吊坠、头戴式耳机等，电子设备还可以为其他的可穿戴设备(例如，诸如电子眼镜、电子衣服、电子手镯、电子项链、电子纹身、电子设备或智能手表的头戴式设备(HMD))。
电子设备还可以是多个电子设备中的任何一个，多个电子设备包括但不限于蜂窝电话、智能电话、其他无线通信设备、个人数字助理、音频播放器、其他媒体播放器、音乐记录器、录像机、照相机、其他媒体记录器、收音机、医疗设备、车辆运输仪器、计算器、可编程遥控器、寻呼机、膝上型计算机、台式计算机、打印机、上网本电脑、个人数字助理(PDA)、便携式多媒体播放器(PMP)、运动图像专家组(MPEG-1或MPEG-2)音频层3(MP3)播放器，便携式医疗设备以及数码相机及其组合。
在一些情况下，电子设备可以执行多种功能(例如，播放音乐，显示视频，存储图片以及接收和发送电话呼叫)。如果需要，电子设备可以是诸如蜂窝电话、媒体播放器、其他手持设备、腕表设备、吊坠设备、听筒设备或其他紧凑型便携式设备的便携式设备。
以上详细描述了本申请的实施方式，但是，本申请并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本申请的技术构思范围内，可以对本申请的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本申请的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。
此外，本申请的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本申请的思想，其同样应当视为本申请所公开的内容。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电致变色装置，包括：相对设置的第一衬底以及第二衬底，以及位于所述第一衬底和所述第二衬底之间的第一透明导电层以及第二导电层，所述第一透明导电层以及所述第二导电层之间具有电致变色层，所述第二衬底远离所述第二导电层一侧的表面上具有底部印刷层，所述第二导电层远离所述第二衬底的一侧具有图案层，且所述图案层在所述第一衬底上的正投影至多覆盖所述第一衬底的部分表面，所述电致变色装置的颜色可随着所述第一透明导电层以及所述第二导电层之间的电压的改变而改变。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电致变色装置，进一步包括：
    第一光学胶层，所述第一光学胶层位于所述图案层和所述第一衬底之间，所述图案层通过所述第一光学胶层粘贴在所述第一衬底上；
    第二光学胶层，所述第二光学胶层位于所述图案层远离所述第一光学胶层一侧的表面上；以及
    基材，所述基材通过所述第二光学胶层粘贴在所述图案层远离所述第一衬底的一侧。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电致变色装置，所述图案层位于所述第一衬底以及所述第一透明导电层之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的电致变色装置，所述第一透明导电层的厚度为30-250nm。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电致变色装置，所述图案层位于所述第一透明导电层以及所述电致变色层之间。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的电致变色装置，进一步包括：
    依次设置的电解质层以及离子储存层，所述电解质层以及所述离子储存层位于所述电致变色层和所述第二导电层之间，其中，所述电解质层位于靠近所述电致变色层的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电致变色装置，所述图案层与所述电解质层同层设置，且所述图案层的厚度和所述电解质层的厚度相同。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的电致变色装置，所述图案层位于所述第二导电层以及所述离子储存层之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的电致变色装置，所述第二导电层是由透明导电材料形成的。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的电致变色装置，所述图案层包括纹理印刷亚层、光学镀膜亚层以及油墨亚层的至少之一。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的电致变色装置，其特征在于，所述第一透明导电层以及所述第二导电层是由氧化铟锡、铟锌氧、铟镓锌、铝锌氧以及纳米银的至少之一形成的。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11任一项所述的电致变色装置，其特征在于，进一步包括：
    连接导线，所述连接导线与所述第一透明导电层以及所述第二导电层相连。
  13. 一种制备电致变色装置的方法，包括形成电致变色单元的步骤、形成图案层的步骤以及形成底部印刷层的步骤，
    其中，所述形成电致变色单元的步骤包括：在相对设置的第一衬底以及第二衬底之间，依次设置第一透明导电层、电致变色层以及第二导电层；
    所述图案层形成在所述第二导电层远离所述第二衬底的一侧，且所述图案层在所述第一衬底上的正投影至多覆盖所述第一衬底的部分表面；
    所述底部印刷层形成在所述第二衬底远离所述第二导电层一侧的表面上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，所述形成电致变色单元包括以下步骤：在所述第一衬底上形成所述第一透明导电层；在所述第一透明导电层远离所述第一衬底一侧的表面上形成所述电致变色层；在所述第二衬底的一侧形成所述第二导电层；以及将形成有所述电致变色层的所述第一衬底和形成有所述第二导电层的所述第二衬底进行贴合，所述电致变色层与所述第二导电层远离所述第二衬底的一侧相接触。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，所述形成电致变色单元包括：依次在所述第一衬底上形成所述第一透明导电层、所述电致变色层以及所述第二导电层。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的方法，所述图案层夹设在第一光学胶层以及第二光学胶层之间，所述电致变色装置进一步包括基材，形成所述图案层包括基于所述第二光学胶层，将所述图案层固定在所述基材的表面，
    并且，基于所述第一光学胶层，将所述电致变色单元固定在所述第一光学胶层远离所述图案层的一侧。
  17. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的方法，所述方法包括：
    在所述第一衬底上形成所述第一透明导电层；
    在所述第一透明导电层远离所述第一衬底的一侧形成所述图案层；
    形成所述电致变色层，所述电致变色层覆盖所述图案层，以及所述第一透明导电层未被所述图案层覆盖的部分。
  18. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的方法，所述方法包括：
    在所述第一衬底一侧的表面印刷油墨，以便形成所述图案层；
    在所述第一衬底设置有所述图案层的一侧，沉积透明导电材料，以便形成所述第一透 明导电层，沉积温度不大于350摄氏度，沉积速率为5-15nm/min，所述第一透明导电层覆盖所述图案层远离所述第一衬底一侧的表面，以及所述第一衬底未被所述图案层覆盖的部分。
  19. 根据权利要求13-18任一项所述的方法，形成所述电致变色层之后，进一步包括形成离子储存层的步骤，并在所述离子储存层远离所述第二导电层的一侧粘贴由膜片形成的所述图案层，在所述离子储存层未被所述图案层覆盖的表面上形成所述电解质层，并控制所述电解质层的厚度和所述图案层的厚度相符。
  20. 一种电子设备，包括：
    权利要求1-12任一项所述的电致变色装置；
    控制电路，所述控制电路用于根据所述电子设备的运行状态，控制所述电致变色装置变色；以及
    屏幕，所述屏幕用于显示信息。
PCT/CN2019/096382 2018-09-30 2019-07-17 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备 Ceased WO2020063054A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19867045.7A EP3851909B1 (en) 2018-09-30 2019-07-17 Electrochromic device and preparation method therefor
US17/210,084 US11852943B2 (en) 2018-09-30 2021-03-23 Electrochromic device and preparation method therefor, and electronic equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811159209.7A CN109116652A (zh) 2018-09-30 2018-09-30 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备
CN201811159209.7 2018-09-30

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US17/210,084 Continuation US11852943B2 (en) 2018-09-30 2021-03-23 Electrochromic device and preparation method therefor, and electronic equipment

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020063054A1 true WO2020063054A1 (zh) 2020-04-02

Family

ID=64857334

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/096382 Ceased WO2020063054A1 (zh) 2018-09-30 2019-07-17 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11852943B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3851909B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN109116652A (zh)
WO (1) WO2020063054A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113141429A (zh) * 2021-04-23 2021-07-20 衡山县佳诚新材料有限公司 一种变色炫彩手机后盖

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109116652A (zh) 2018-09-30 2019-01-01 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备
CN109581777A (zh) * 2019-01-12 2019-04-05 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备、壳体组件、电致变色模组及其制备方法
CN110278320A (zh) * 2019-06-18 2019-09-24 苏州经贸职业技术学院 功能多样的手机保护机构
CN110933888B (zh) * 2019-12-16 2021-05-04 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 壳体组件、壳体组件的制备方法及电子设备
CN113467148A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-01 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色膜及其制备方法、壳体组件和电子设备
CN113703520A (zh) * 2020-05-21 2021-11-26 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备
CN113805396A (zh) * 2020-06-12 2021-12-17 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色组件和制备方法、电子设备
CN114244922A (zh) * 2020-09-09 2022-03-25 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 移动终端以及控制移动终端的壳体变色的方法
CN114827316A (zh) * 2021-01-28 2022-07-29 北京小米移动软件有限公司 移动终端和后盖
CN113391496A (zh) * 2021-06-30 2021-09-14 昇印光电（昆山）股份有限公司 电致变色器件及其制造方法，以及盖板组件
CN113534558A (zh) * 2021-07-12 2021-10-22 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 壳体及其电子设备
CN114245648B (zh) * 2021-12-29 2023-08-11 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 装饰膜、壳体及电子设备
CN114384732A (zh) * 2022-01-24 2022-04-22 安徽精卓光显技术有限责任公司 复合变色器件、壳体结构及电子设备
CN114885552B (zh) * 2022-05-31 2023-10-10 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备、壳体及其制备方法
KR102914259B1 (ko) * 2024-02-22 2026-01-16 한양대학교 에리카산학협력단 양면 멀티구동 전기 변색 소자 및 그 제조 방법

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010099147A1 (en) * 2009-02-24 2010-09-02 Ntera Inc. Advanced electrode structures and electrochromic devices
CN105573003A (zh) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-11 南京瀚宇彩欣科技有限责任公司 具有边框变色功能的电子装置及其边框变色方法
CN106527810A (zh) * 2016-11-15 2017-03-22 信利光电股份有限公司 一种触控显示设备及其后盖板
CN107841776A (zh) * 2017-11-13 2018-03-27 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 一种金属表面处理方法、金属壳体及电子设备
CN107864581A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-03-30 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 壳体制作方法、壳体及电子设备
CN207427625U (zh) * 2017-11-15 2018-05-29 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 壳体及电子设备
CN108177475A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-06-19 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 金属板材及其制备方法、壳体和移动终端
CN108198511A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-22 信利光电股份有限公司 盖板及电子设备
CN108519709A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-11 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色母板、电致变色单元、壳体以及电子设备
CN108541167A (zh) * 2018-06-26 2018-09-14 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备壳体和电子设备
CN108549185A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-18 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 壳体及制备方法、电子设备
CN108549182A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-09-18 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 制备壳体的方法、壳体、电致变色贴纸、电子设备
CN108549184A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-18 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 壳体及制备方法、电子设备
CN108594557A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-28 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色板材及制备方法、壳体以及电子设备
CN109116652A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-01 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4324622A (en) * 1974-09-26 1982-04-13 American Cyanamid Company Multilayered electroplatographic element comprising ion conductive and electrochromic layers
KR20060053111A (ko) * 2004-11-11 2006-05-19 주식회사 엘지화학 정보표시가 가능한 전기변색 거울 또는 창
CN100576290C (zh) * 2006-08-24 2009-12-30 深圳创维－Rgb电子有限公司 边框图案可变化的图象显示器
CN103885264A (zh) * 2012-12-20 2014-06-25 财团法人金属工业研究发展中心 可逆电致变色壳件及其制造方法
GB2527775A (en) * 2014-07-01 2016-01-06 Univ Chemnitz Tech Electrochromic display device
KR102001611B1 (ko) * 2016-02-11 2019-07-18 주식회사 엘지화학 전기변색소자
CN206848662U (zh) 2017-06-29 2018-01-05 信利光电股份有限公司 一种电致变色汽车后视镜
CN108382043B (zh) * 2018-01-16 2021-03-26 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 板材及其制备方法、壳体、电子设备

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010099147A1 (en) * 2009-02-24 2010-09-02 Ntera Inc. Advanced electrode structures and electrochromic devices
CN105573003A (zh) * 2014-10-09 2016-05-11 南京瀚宇彩欣科技有限责任公司 具有边框变色功能的电子装置及其边框变色方法
CN106527810A (zh) * 2016-11-15 2017-03-22 信利光电股份有限公司 一种触控显示设备及其后盖板
CN107864581A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-03-30 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 壳体制作方法、壳体及电子设备
CN107841776A (zh) * 2017-11-13 2018-03-27 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 一种金属表面处理方法、金属壳体及电子设备
CN207427625U (zh) * 2017-11-15 2018-05-29 珠海市魅族科技有限公司 壳体及电子设备
CN108177475A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-06-19 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 金属板材及其制备方法、壳体和移动终端
CN108198511A (zh) * 2017-12-29 2018-06-22 信利光电股份有限公司 盖板及电子设备
CN108519709A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-11 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色母板、电致变色单元、壳体以及电子设备
CN108549185A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-18 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 壳体及制备方法、电子设备
CN108549184A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-18 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 壳体及制备方法、电子设备
CN108594557A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-09-28 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色板材及制备方法、壳体以及电子设备
CN108549182A (zh) * 2018-06-19 2018-09-18 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 制备壳体的方法、壳体、电致变色贴纸、电子设备
CN108541167A (zh) * 2018-06-26 2018-09-14 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电子设备壳体和电子设备
CN109116652A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-01 Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3851909A4 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113141429A (zh) * 2021-04-23 2021-07-20 衡山县佳诚新材料有限公司 一种变色炫彩手机后盖
CN113141429B (zh) * 2021-04-23 2022-10-18 衡山县佳诚新材料有限公司 一种变色炫彩手机后盖

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3851909B1 (en) 2022-06-01
US11852943B2 (en) 2023-12-26
EP3851909A1 (en) 2021-07-21
US20210208466A1 (en) 2021-07-08
CN109116652A (zh) 2019-01-01
EP3851909A4 (en) 2021-10-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2020063054A1 (zh) 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备
CN109164659B (zh) 电致变色装置及其制备方法、电子设备
CN110740592B (zh) 壳体、电子设备
CN111025810B (zh) 电致变色组件、壳体和电子设备
WO2020062935A1 (zh) 电致变色器件、壳体、电子设备
CN108614381A (zh) 壳体及其制备方法、电子设备
CN108549182A (zh) 制备壳体的方法、壳体、电致变色贴纸、电子设备
CN110196524A (zh) 电致变色装置及其制作方法、电子设备
CN108549183A (zh) 壳体及制备方法、电子设备
CN109362194A (zh) 电子设备的壳体、电子设备
CN108761950A (zh) 壳体及制备方法、电子设备
CN109188818A (zh) 电致变色器件及制备方法、壳体、电子设备
CN113966113B (zh) 电子设备、壳体组件、膜材以及膜材的制备方法
CN113406835A (zh) 电子设备、壳体组件、电致变色器件及其制作方法
WO2022252764A1 (zh) 电子设备、壳体组件以及变色膜片
CN110174805A (zh) 电子设备、壳体组件及其电致变色装置
TWI494804B (zh) 觸控面板模組、觸控裝置與其製作方法
CN108873420A (zh) 壳体及其制备方法、电子设备
CN111935346A (zh) 电子设备的壳体及其制造方法、电子设备
CN113433755B (zh) 电子设备、壳体组件、电致变色模组及其制备方法
CN108549185A (zh) 壳体及制备方法、电子设备
CN213818443U (zh) 电子设备
CN108681128A (zh) 壳体及其制备方法、电子设备
CN208523076U (zh) 电子设备的壳体、电子设备
CN108681172B (zh) 电致变色结构及其制作方法、电子设备

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19867045

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2019867045

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20210412