WO2020063581A1 - 光网络的测距方法、olt、onu、光网络系统 - Google Patents

光网络的测距方法、olt、onu、光网络系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020063581A1
WO2020063581A1 PCT/CN2019/107501 CN2019107501W WO2020063581A1 WO 2020063581 A1 WO2020063581 A1 WO 2020063581A1 CN 2019107501 W CN2019107501 W CN 2019107501W WO 2020063581 A1 WO2020063581 A1 WO 2020063581A1
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Prior art keywords
onu
olt
registered
ranging
message
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PCT/CN2019/107501
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
耿丹
袁立权
张伟良
马壮
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to EP19867435.0A priority Critical patent/EP3860002B1/en
Priority to US17/279,399 priority patent/US11329720B2/en
Publication of WO2020063581A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020063581A1/zh
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
    • H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
    • H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/74—Systems using reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. IFF, i.e. identification of friend or foe
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/16—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/06—Synchronising arrangements
    • H04J3/0635—Clock or time synchronisation in a network
    • H04J3/0682—Clock or time synchronisation in a network by delay compensation, e.g. by compensation of propagation delay or variations thereof, by ranging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0064—Arbitration, scheduling or medium access control aspects

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to, but is not limited to, the field of communications.
  • a network can be used to transmit a large amount of voice, data, video and other services, so the bandwidth requirements are constantly increasing.
  • Passive Optical Network PON is generated under this demand.
  • FIG. 1 is a topology structure diagram of a PON system in related technologies.
  • a PON system usually includes an optical line terminal (OLT) at the office side, an optical network unit (ONU) at the user side, and an optical distribution network (Optical Distribution (Network, ODN), usually using a point-to-multipoint network structure.
  • ODN consists of passive optical devices such as single-mode fiber, optical splitters, and optical connectors, and provides an optical transmission medium for the physical connection between the OLT and the ONU.
  • ODN optical distribution network
  • ODN consists of passive optical devices such as single-mode fiber, optical splitters, and optical connectors, and provides an optical transmission medium for the physical connection between the OLT and the ONU.
  • Low-latency services such as virtual reality services and 5G wireless services, has put low-latency service requirements on PON.
  • An aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a distance measuring method for an optical network, comprising: OLT registered ONU treated coarse ranging is determined to be a first distance between ONU registration and OLT; OLT at a first time T 1 to be The registered ONU sends a first message, where the first message carries the first uplink bandwidth allocated by the OLT to the ONU to be registered; the OLT estimates that the to-be-registered ONU sends the first message on the first uplink bandwidth in response to the first message according to the first distance.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides another ranging method for an optical network, including: the ONU to be registered communicates with the OLT, so that the OLT performs a rough ranging on the ONU to be registered, and determines a first distance between the ONU and the OLT to be registered ;
  • the ONU to be registered receives the first message sent by the OLT at the first time T 1 , and the first message carries the first uplink bandwidth allocated by the OLT to the ONU to be registered; and in response to the first message, the ONU to be registered is on the first uplink
  • the first uplink signal is transmitted in the first sending mode on the bandwidth, so that the OLT receives the first uplink signal within the first quiet window, and determines the ONU and the OLT to be registered according to T 1 and the second time T 2 when the first uplink signal is received.
  • the second distance between them wherein, the first quiet window is opened by the OLT after estimating the time when the first uplink signal reaches the OLT according to the first distance
  • Yet another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides yet another ranging method for an optical network, which is applied to an OLT and includes: sending a bandwidth allocation message to an ONU; receiving a response message sent by the ONU in a first sending mode, wherein the first sending mode It includes the transmission power and transmission rate; and performs the first ranging on the ONU according to the response message.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides another ranging method for an optical network, which is applied to an ONU and includes: receiving a bandwidth allocation message sent by an OLT; and sending a bandwidth allocation message response message to the OLT in a first sending mode, where: The first transmission mode is used to describe transmission power and transmission rate.
  • an OLT including: a sending module configured to send a bandwidth allocation message to an ONU; a receiving module configured to receive a response message sent by the ONU using a first sending mode, wherein the first sending mode Including transmission power and transmission rate; and a ranging module configured to perform the first ranging of the ONU according to the response message.
  • an ONU including: a receiving module configured to receive a bandwidth allocation message sent by an OLT; and a sending module configured to send a bandwidth allocation message response message to the OLT in a first sending mode, wherein: The transmission mode is used to describe the transmission power and transmission rate.
  • an optical network system including an OLT and an ONU.
  • the OLT is configured to send a bandwidth allocation message to the ONU, and receive a response message sent by the ONU in a first sending mode, where the first sending The mode includes the transmission power and transmission rate, and the first ranging of the ONU according to the response message;
  • the ONU is configured to receive the bandwidth allocation message sent by the OLT, and uses the first transmission mode to send the bandwidth allocation message response message to the OLT.
  • Yet another aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of the ranging method of the optical network of any of the above aspects when running.
  • an electronic device including a memory and a processor.
  • the memory stores a computer program
  • the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps of the ranging method of the optical network of any of the foregoing aspects. .
  • FIG. 1 is a topology structure diagram of a PON system in the related art.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a ranging method for an optical network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another ranging method for an optical network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an OLT according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an ONU according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the OLT needs to perform ranging on the ONU to be registered. Since the OLT does not know the distance of the ONU to be registered from itself, the size of the quiet window opened by the OLT for ranging covers the PON. The minimum distance to the maximum distance supported by the system. The difference between the maximum distance and the minimum distance is 20km or 40km. Supports a PON system with a differential distance of 20km.
  • the standard recommends that the loop delay difference between the nearest ONU and the furthest ONU is 200 ⁇ s, the response time difference between the ONU is 2 ⁇ s, and the maximum random delay of the ONU is 48 ⁇ s. Therefore, the recommended quiet window is The size is 250 ⁇ s.
  • the standard recommends the loop delay difference between the nearest ONU and the furthest ONU is 400 ⁇ s, the response time difference between the ONU is 2 ⁇ s, and the maximum random delay of the ONU is 48 ⁇ s. Therefore, the recommended quiet window is The size is 450 ⁇ s.
  • the OLT does not allocate uplink bandwidth to the ONUs that have completed the registration. Therefore, the ONUs that have completed the registration cannot send uplink data within the time corresponding to the quiet window.
  • ONU because a large quiet window will cause delayed transmission of low-latency services, the ONU that transmits low-latency services cannot tolerate the opening of a large quiet window by the PON system.
  • the OLT periodically opens a quiet window for ONU registration, so the PON system cannot solve the low-latency requirements of low-latency services.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a ranging method for an optical network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may include steps S202 to S206.
  • step S202 the OLT sends a bandwidth allocation message to the ONU.
  • step S204 the OLT receives a response message sent by the ONU in a first transmission mode, where the first transmission mode includes transmission power and transmission rate.
  • step S206 the OLT performs the first ranging on the ONU according to the response message.
  • the OLT can open a quiet window smaller than the allowable delay value of the low-latency service according to the time when the ONU arrives.
  • the OLT can The ONU performs the second ranging, that is, the precise ranging, and the ONU completes the registration, which solves the technical problem that the OLT generates excessive service delays in related technologies and ensures the low delay requirements for transmission services on the uplink.
  • the execution subject of the above steps may be an OLT, or a management unit thereof, but is not limited thereto.
  • the OLT after the OLT performs the first ranging on the ONU according to the response message, it may further include a second ranging, the first ranging is the coarse ranging, and the second is the precise ranging, where:
  • the precise ranging may include: the OLT sends downlink data to the ONU; the OLT receives the uplink signal sent by the ONU in response to the downlink data in the second transmission mode, wherein the transmission power and transmission rate in the second transmission mode are higher than the first transmission mode Transmit power and transmission rate; and the OLT performs a second ranging on the ONU according to the reception time of the uplink signal.
  • receiving the response message sent by the ONU in the first sending mode by the OLT may include: receiving the response message sent by the ONU in the first sending mode by using a predetermined open window of the signal frame, where the predetermined open window corresponds to a non- Working bandwidth.
  • the first ranging performed by the OLT to the ONU according to the response message may include: the OLT obtaining a data frame carrying the response message; the OLT determining that the first bit of the data frame reaches the designated time of the OLT; And the OLT uses the specified time to measure the distance between the ONU and the OLT.
  • the OLT performing the second ranging on the ONU according to the reception time of the uplink signal may include: the OLT determining the transmission time of the downlink data and the reception time of the uplink signal; and the OLT calculating the reception time minus the transmission The difference in time is the loop delay RTD of the ONU.
  • the method may further include: the OLT determines that response messages of multiple ONUs are received in the same period; and the OLT instructs the ONU to Resend the response message after generating a random delay.
  • the transmission power in the first transmission mode may be smaller than the standard power of the PON system, and the transmission rate may be smaller than the standard rate of the PON system.
  • Standard power and standard rate are defined by PON system standards.
  • the transmission power is less than -30dBm, and the transmission rate is less than 10Mbps.
  • the OLT sending the bandwidth allocation message to the ONU may include: the OLT grouping a plurality of ONUs under the jurisdiction of the OLT; and the OLT sending the bandwidth allocation message to each group of ONUs.
  • the OLT sending downlink data to the ONU may include: the OLT sending a unicast message to the ONU, where the unicast message carries the downlink data.
  • the OLT sends a unicast message to the ONU, and the ONU responds one by one.
  • the method may further include: the target ONU ordered by the OLT to adopt a first transmission mode after generating a random delay Sending an uplink signal; and the OLT receiving an uplink signal.
  • the method may further include that the OLT obtains the first value of the sequence code of the specific value sent by the ONU by comparing the data content of the uplink data with the complete sequence code of the specific value. The time at which the bits reach the OLT; and, the OLT calculates the loop delay of the target ONU based on the time.
  • the method may further include that the OLT opens a quiet window for the ONU that is smaller than the allowable delay value of the low-latency service.
  • the method may further include: the ONU instructed by the OLT to send its own identity information to the OLT by using the first sending mode .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of another ranging method for an optical network according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The method may include steps S302 and S304.
  • step S302 the ONU receives a bandwidth allocation message sent by the OLT.
  • step S304 the ONU sends a bandwidth allocation message response message to the OLT in a first sending mode, where the first sending mode is used to describe the sending power and sending rate.
  • the method may further include: the ONU receives the downlink data sent by the OLT; and the ONU sends the second sending mode to the OLT.
  • the transmission power and transmission rate in the second transmission mode are higher than the transmission power and transmission rate in the first transmission mode.
  • the frame content of the low-rate low-power signal sent by the ONU carries the ONU's identity information, such as the ONU's serial number information, media access address information, or other registration information.
  • the technical solution of the present disclosure that is essentially or contributes to the existing technology can be embodied in the form of a software product that is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, The optical disc) includes several instructions for causing a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • a terminal device which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.
  • module may implement a combination of software and / or hardware for a predetermined function.
  • devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and conceived.
  • the OLT may include: a sending module 40 configured to send a bandwidth allocation message to an ONU; and a receiving module 42 configured to receive an ONU using a first transmission A response message sent in a mode, wherein the transmission mode is used to describe a transmission power and a transmission rate; and the ranging module 44 is configured to perform the first ranging on the ONU according to the response message.
  • the ONU may include: a receiving module 50 configured to receive a bandwidth allocation message sent by an OLT; and a sending module 52 configured to adopt a first The sending mode sends a bandwidth allocation message response message to the OLT, where the first sending mode is used to describe sending power and sending rate.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an optical network system, which may include an OLT as shown in FIG. 4 and an ONU as shown in FIG. 5.
  • modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For the latter, they can be implemented in the following ways, but are not limited to the above: the above modules are located in the same processor; The forms are located in different processors.
  • the OLT has two rangings to the registered ONU, and the OLT performs coarse ranging to the registered ONU before the precise ranging to the registered ONU. Then the OLT sends a unicast message to one of the ONUs to be registered and commands The ONU to be registered responds to a request from the OLT.
  • the OLT opens a quiet window smaller than the allowable delay value of the low-latency service according to the arrival time of the ONU to be registered. In the above quiet window, the OLT performs accurate ranging according to the ONU to be registered and completes Registration of the ONU to be registered.
  • the ONU to be registered supports two signal transmission modes.
  • the ONU to be registered can support sending low-power (for example, sending optical signals less than -30dBm) signals with a low rate S d (for example, less than 10Mbps uplink rate) in response to the bandwidth allocated by the OLT; While sending low-rate low-power signals, registered ONUs can send uplink data normally.
  • low-power for example, sending optical signals less than -30dBm
  • S d for example, less than 10Mbps uplink rate
  • the OLT normally allocates uplink bandwidth to the registered ONUs, and the registered ONUs send uplink signals; meanwhile, the OLT periodically sends messages to the ONUs to be registered to notify the ONUs to register to send uplink signals, and the ONUs to register send low-rate and low-power uplink signals in response to the OLT. Because the low-rate low-power uplink signal overlaps with the signal of normal uplink data sent by the registered ONU, the low-rate low-power signal is drowned in the signal of normal uplink data sent by the registered ONU. In order to detect the low-rate and low-power signal of the ONU to be registered, the OLT opens a small quiet window (for example, several microseconds) in each frame.
  • a small quiet window for example, several microseconds
  • the OLT does not allocate any registered ONU within the time corresponding to this quiet window. Uplink bandwidth; therefore, during this time, the OLT can detect the low-rate and low-power uplink signal sent by the ONU to be registered. In order to help the OLT more accurately determine the value of the low-rate and low-power uplink signal sent by the ONU to be registered, the ONU to be registered can continuously send multiple low-rate and low-power uplink signals.
  • the OLT opens a small quiet window as described above at the same position in each 125us.
  • the OLT averages the values of the low-rate and low-power uplink signals sent by the ONU to be registered multiple times to obtain more accurate data sent by the ONU to be registered. The value of the data carried by the uplink signal.
  • the time T3 when the first bit of the low-rate and low-power uplink signal of the ONU to be registered arrives at the OLT is determined. Based on the above information, the loop delay RTD of the ONU to be registered can be determined to be T3-T1. Rough ranging for the ONU to be registered.
  • the OLT detects a conflict signal, and the OLT may order the ONUs to be registered to generate a random delay to resend and send an uplink signal, which can reduce the probability of collision. Then the OLT performs rough ranging on the registered ONU according to the above method.
  • the OLT instructs ONU1 to send a low-rate and low-power uplink signal after a random delay.
  • ONU1 After receiving the command from the OLT, ONU1 generates a random delay and sends a low-rate low-power uplink signal.
  • the OLT receives the above-mentioned low-rate and low-power uplink signal of the ONU1 with random delay, and completes the ranging of the ONU1.
  • the OLT subtracts the distance measurement results of ONU1 measured twice to obtain the random delay value D generated by ONU1.
  • the OLT sends a bandwidth for ranging to the ONU1 that generates a random delay D at time T4.
  • the OLT opens an ONU1 to restore the data rate of the PON system to transmit service data according to the result of the rough ranging of ONU1.
  • Quiet window for example a few microseconds.
  • ONU1 restores its own rate and optical power to the working rate and optical power supported by the current PON system, and sends an uplink signal in response to the OLT ranging within the bandwidth allocated by the OLT.
  • the OLT can group all ONUs.
  • the OLT supports 32 ONUs.
  • the ONU records its own group number 1 locally, the second group of ONUs own group number 2 on the local record, the third group of ONUs own group number 3 on the local record, and the fourth group of ONUs itself on the local record
  • the group number is 4.
  • the OLT and ONU use the following main steps to send and receive data.
  • Step 1 The OLT sends a broadcast message to the ONU, and the message content is a sequence code of a specific value.
  • Step 2 The ONU stores the serial code information with a specific value sent by the OLT.
  • Step 3 The OLT instructs the first group of ONUs to be registered to be registered and to be activated to send uplink signals, and the OLT opens a quiet window that is smaller than the allowed delay value of the low-latency service.
  • Step 4 The first group of to-be-registered ONUs sends a low-power optical signal at a low rate, and the content of the optical signal is a sequence code of a specific value in step 1.
  • the uplink transmission time of the specific sequence code may be equal to 125us.
  • the ONU to be registered may send the sequence code of the specific value multiple times.
  • the OLT commands the first group of ONUs to be registered to send an uplink signal after generating a random delay (for example, a random delay less than 125us).
  • Step 6 The first group of ONUs to be registered generates an optical signal with a low optical power and a low rate after a random delay.
  • the content of the optical signal is the sequence code of the specific value in step 1.
  • Step 7 The OLT calculates the random delay value D generated by the ONU to be registered after receiving the low-rate and low-power optical signals of the ONU to be registered in Steps 4 and 6, and calculates the loop of the ONU to be registered twice.
  • the difference in the path delay is the random delay value generated by the ONU to be registered, and the OLT commands the ONU to be registered with the random delay value D to send uplink data at the start time T1.
  • the OLT opens a quiet window smaller than the allowable delay value of the low-latency service according to the arrival time of the ONU to be registered.
  • Step 8 The ONU to be registered with the random delay value generated in step 6 as D. After recovering its own rate and transmit optical power to the normal values of the PON system, it sends uplink data at the start time T1.
  • the uplink data contains The identity information of the ONU to be registered, such as the serial number value S of the ONU to be registered, or the MAC address of the ONU to be registered.
  • the OLT assigns the identity information of the ONU to be registered in the PON system, such as ONU ID or ONU logical link identification information, or ONU physical identification information.
  • the OLT sends the equalized delay value of the ONU to be registered to the ONU.
  • the ONU to be registered completes the registration.
  • step 5 if the OLT detects conflicting uplink signals sent by multiple ONUs to be registered in the quiet window, the OLT commands the first group of ONUs to be registered to generate a large random delay, such as greater than 125us, and returns to step 4 Continue to register.
  • the OLT adopts the above steps to complete ranging of other groups of ONUs to be registered, so that the ONUs to be registered complete registration.
  • the identity information of all ONUs is stored at the OLT, such as serial number information or MAC address information of the ONU.
  • the OLT and ONU use the following main steps to send and receive data.
  • Step 1 The OLT sends a broadcast message to the ONU, and the message content is a sequence code of a specific value.
  • Step 2 The ONU stores the serial code information with a specific value sent by the OLT.
  • Step 3 The OLT instructs an ONU whose sequence number is S to be registered and to be activated to send an uplink signal, and the OLT opens a quiet window smaller than the allowed delay value of the low-latency service.
  • Step 4 The ONU with the serial number S sends a low-power optical signal at a low rate, and the content of the optical signal is the sequence code of the specific value in step 1.
  • the uplink transmission time required for the sequence code of the specific value at the rate is equal to 125us.
  • the ONU may send the above-mentioned specific sequence code multiple times).
  • Step 5 The OLT detects the uplink data sent by the ONU in the quiet window in step 3. According to the detected data content and the rate of the ONU, it obtains the time when the first bit of the sequence code of the specific value sent by the ONU reaches the OLT, and then Calculate the loop delay of the ONU.
  • the loop delay value includes the transmission delay of the data sent by the OLT to the ONU in the fiber, the response time of the ONU, and the transmission time of the data sent by the ONU to the OLT in the fiber.
  • the loop delay value received by the OLT Time when the ONU sends data-Time when the OLT sends downlink data.
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  • the OLT instructs the ONU to send uplink data at the start time T1.
  • the OLT opens a quiet window smaller than the allowable delay value of the low-latency service according to the arrival time after the ONU restores the PON system rate.
  • Step 6 After the ONU whose serial number is S, restores its own rate and transmit optical power to the normal values of the PON system, it sends uplink data at the start time T1.
  • the OLT sends the ranging result of the ONU to the ONU whose serial number is S, and the ONU completes the registration.
  • the OLT repeats the above steps to complete the ranging of all the ONUs that need to be registered in the PON system one by one, and sends the ranging results to the ONU to complete the ONU registration process.
  • the ONU to be registered supports two signal transmission modes.
  • the ONU to be registered can support sending low-power (for example, sending optical signals less than -30dBm) signals with a low rate S d (for example, less than 10Mbps uplink rate) in response to the bandwidth allocated by the OLT; While sending low-rate low-power signals, registered ONUs can send uplink data normally.
  • low-power for example, sending optical signals less than -30dBm
  • S d for example, less than 10Mbps uplink rate
  • the OLT normally allocates uplink bandwidth to the registered ONUs, and the registered ONUs send uplink signals; meanwhile, the OLT periodically sends messages to the ONUs to be registered to notify the ONUs to register to send uplink signals, and the ONUs to register send low-rate and low-power uplink signals in response to the OLT. Because the low-rate low-power uplink signal overlaps with the signal of normal uplink data sent by the registered ONU, the low-rate low-power signal is drowned in the signal of normal uplink data sent by the registered ONU. In order to detect the low-rate and low-power signal of the ONU to be registered, the OLT opens a small quiet window (for example, several microseconds) in each frame.
  • a small quiet window for example, several microseconds
  • the OLT does not allocate any registered ONU within the time corresponding to this quiet window. Uplink bandwidth; therefore, during this time, the OLT can detect the low-rate and low-power uplink signal sent by the ONU to be registered. In order to help the OLT more accurately determine the value of the low-rate and low-power uplink signal sent by the ONU to be registered, the ONU to be registered can continuously send multiple low-rate and low-power uplink signals.
  • the OLT opens a small quiet window as described above at the same position in each 125us.
  • the OLT averages the values of the low-rate and low-power uplink signals sent by the ONU to be registered multiple times to obtain more accurate data sent by the ONU to be registered. The value of the data carried by the uplink signal.
  • the time T3 when the first bit of the low-rate and low-power uplink signal of the ONU to be registered arrives at the OLT is determined. Based on the above information, the loop delay RTD of the ONU to be registered can be determined to be T3-T1. Rough ranging for the ONU to be registered.
  • the OLT detects a conflict signal, and the OLT may order the ONUs to be registered to generate a random delay to resend and send an uplink signal, which can reduce the probability of collision. Then, the OLT performs rough ranging on the registered ONU according to the above method.
  • the OLT After completing the rough ranging of an ONU to be registered, for example, ONU1, the OLT instructs ONU1 to send its identity information to the OLT with a low-rate and low-power signal.
  • ONU1 After receiving the command from the OLT, ONU1 carries its own identity information (such as serial number information, media access address information, or other registration information) to the low-speed low-power uplink signal and sends it to the OLT.
  • identity information such as serial number information, media access address information, or other registration information
  • the OLT After receiving the above-mentioned identity information of ONU1, the OLT sends a bandwidth for ranging to the ONU1 at time T4, and the OLT opens an ONU1 to recover the data rate of the PON system to transmit service data according to the above rough ranging result of ONU1.
  • a quiet window near your own moment, such as a few microseconds.
  • ONU1 After receiving the above command from the OLT, ONU1 restores its own rate and optical power to the working rate and optical power supported by the current PON system, and sends an uplink signal in response to the OLT ranging within the bandwidth allocated by the OLT.
  • the ONU to be registered supports two signal transmission modes.
  • the ONU to be registered can support sending low-power (for example, sending optical signals less than -30dBm) signals with a low rate S d (for example, less than 10Mbps uplink rate) in response to the bandwidth allocated by the OLT; While sending low-rate low-power signals, registered ONUs can send uplink data normally.
  • the OLT normally allocates uplink bandwidth to the registered ONUs, and the registered ONUs send uplink signals.
  • the OLT sends a message to the ONU to be registered at time T1 to notify the ONU to be registered to send an uplink signal, and the ONU to be registered sends a low-rate low-power uplink signal in response to the OLT. Because the low-rate low-power uplink signal overlaps with the signal of normal uplink data sent by the registered ONU, the low-rate low-power signal is drowned in the signal of normal uplink data sent by the registered ONU. In order to detect the low-rate and low-power signal of the ONU to be registered, the OLT opens a small quiet window (for example, several microseconds) in each frame. The OLT does not allocate any registered ONU within the time corresponding to this quiet window.
  • a small quiet window for example, several microseconds
  • the OLT can detect the low-rate and low-power uplink signal sent by the ONU to be registered.
  • the ONU to be registered can continuously send multiple low-rate and low-power uplink signals.
  • the OLT opens a small quiet window as described above at the same position in each 125us.
  • the OLT averages the values of the low-rate and low-power uplink signals sent by the ONU to be registered multiple times to obtain more accurate data sent by the ONU to be registered.
  • the frame content of the low-rate and low-power signal sent by the ONU to be registered carries the identity information of the ONU to be registered (such as the serial number information, media access address information, or other registration information of the ONU to be registered).
  • the OLT can infer the position of this piece of data in the entire low-rate and low-power uplink signal based on the values of some low-rate and low-power uplink signals detected in the quiet window. Furthermore, the time value T2 at which the first bit of the data sent by the ONU to be registered reaches the OLT can be inferred. According to the above information, the loop delay RTD of the ONU to be registered can be T2-T1, and the rough delay of the ONU to be registered at a low rate can be completed Ranging.
  • the OLT detects a conflict signal, and the OLT may order the ONUs to be registered to generate a random delay to resend and send an uplink signal, which can reduce the probability of collision. Then, the OLT performs rough ranging on the registered ONU according to the above method.
  • the OLT After completing the rough ranging for an ONU, such as ONU1, the OLT sends a unicast message to the ONU1 to be registered at time T3 to allocate the ranging uplink bandwidth.
  • the OLT opens an ONU1 to resume the PON system transmission according to the above rough ranging result for ONU1.
  • the rate of business data is a quiet window near the moment the data arrives, such as a few microseconds.
  • ONU1 After receiving the above command from the OLT, ONU1 restores its own rate and optical power to the working rate and optical power supported by the current PON system, and sends an uplink signal in response to the OLT ranging within the bandwidth allocated by the OLT.
  • the OLT can reduce the quiet window of ranging according to the method of coarse ranging to the ONU in advance, and ensure low latency requirements for transmission services on the uplink.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of the ranging method of the optical network provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure when running.
  • the above storage medium may be configured to store a computer program for performing the following steps: in S1, the OLT sends a bandwidth allocation message to the ONU; in S2, the OLT receives the ONU and sends it using the first sending mode The response message is generated by the ONU according to the bandwidth allocation message, and the transmission mode is used to describe the transmission power and transmission rate. In S3, the OLT performs the first ranging on the ONU according to the response message.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), and a random access memory (RAM) , Removable hard disks, magnetic disks, or compact discs, which can store computer programs.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor.
  • the memory stores a computer program
  • the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute a ranging method of the optical network provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. A step of.
  • the electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input-output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the processor, and the input-output device is connected to the processor.
  • the processor may be configured to execute the following steps through a computer program: in S1, the OLT sends a bandwidth allocation message to the ONU; in S2, the OLT receives a response message sent by the ONU in the first sending mode Among them, the response message is generated by the ONU according to the bandwidth allocation message, and the transmission mode is used to describe the transmission power and transmission rate. In S3, the OLT performs the first ranging on the ONU according to the response message.
  • modules or steps of the present disclosure may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, and they may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed on a network composed of multiple computing devices. Above, optionally, they may be implemented with program code executable by a computing device, so that they may be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, may be in a different order than here
  • the steps shown or described are performed either by making them into individual integrated circuit modules or by making multiple modules or steps into a single integrated circuit module. As such, the present disclosure is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种光网络的测距方法、OLT、ONU、光网络系统。OLT向ONU发送带宽分配消息；OLT接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率；以及，OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行测距。

Description

光网络的测距方法、OLT、ONU、光网络系统 技术领域
本公开涉及(但不限于)通信领域。
背景技术
相关技术中，可以利用网络传输大量的语音、数据、视频等业务，因此对带宽的要求不断提高，无源光网络(Passive Optical Network，PON)就是在这种需求下产生的。
图1是相关技术中的PON系统的拓扑结构图，PON系统通常由局侧的光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，OLT)、用户侧的光网络单元(Optical Network Unit，ONU)和光分配网络(Optical Distribution Network，ODN)组成，通常采用点到多点的网络结构。ODN由单模光纤、分光器和光连接器等无源光器件组成，为OLT和ONU之间的物理连接提供光传输媒质。目前，虚拟现实业务和5G无线业务等低时延业务的发展，对PON提出了低时延业务需求。
发明内容
本公开实施例的一个方面提供一种光网络的测距方法，包括：OLT对待注册ONU进行粗测距，确定待注册ONU与OLT之间的第一距离；OLT在第一时间T 1向待注册ONU发送第一消息，第一消息中携带有OLT为待注册ONU分配的第一上行带宽；OLT根据第一距离，估计待注册ONU响应于第一消息在第一上行带宽上以第一发送模式发送的第一上行信号到达OLT的时间，并开放相应的第一安静窗口；在第一安静窗口内的第二时间T 2，OLT接收第一上行信号；以及OLT根据T 1以及T 2，确定待注册ONU与OLT之间的第二距离。
本公开实施例的另一个方面提供另一种光网络的测距方法，包括：待注册ONU与OLT通信，使得OLT对待注册ONU进行粗测距，确定待注册ONU与OLT之间的第一距离；待注册ONU接收OLT在第一时间T 1发送的第一消息，第一消息中携带有OLT为待注册ONU分配的 第一上行带宽；以及响应于第一消息，待注册ONU在第一上行带宽上以第一发送模式发送第一上行信号，使得OLT在第一安静窗口内接收第一上行信号，并根据T 1以及接收第一上行信号的第二时间T 2，确定待注册ONU与OLT之间的第二距离；其中，第一安静窗口是由OLT根据第一距离，估计第一上行信号到达OLT的时间后开放的。
本公开实施例的又一个方面提供又一种光网络的测距方法，应用在OLT，包括：向ONU发送带宽分配消息；接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率；以及根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距。
本公开实施例的另一个方面提供另一种光网络的测距方法，应用在ONU，包括：接收OLT发送的带宽分配消息；以及采用第一发送模式向OLT发送带宽分配消息响应消息，其中，第一发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率。
本公开实施例的再一方面提供一种OLT，包括：发送模块，配置为向ONU发送带宽分配消息；接收模块，配置为接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率；以及测距模块，配置为根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距。
本公开实施例的再一方面提供一种ONU，包括：接收模块，配置为接收OLT发送的带宽分配消息；以及发送模块，配置为采用第一发送模式向OLT发送带宽分配消息响应消息，其中，发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率。
本公开实施例的再一方面提供一种光网络系统，包括OLT以及ONU，其中：OLT，配置为向ONU发送带宽分配消息，接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率，以及根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距；ONU，配置为接收OLT发送的带宽分配消息，以及采用第一发送模式向OLT发送带宽分配消息响应消息。
本公开实施例的再一方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其中，计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一方面的光网络的测距方法的步骤。
本公开实施例的再一方面提供一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，存储器中存储有计算机程序，处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行上述任一方面的光网络的测距方法的步骤。
附图说明
图1为相关技术中的PON系统的拓扑结构图。
图2为根据本公开实施例的一种光网络的测距方法的一种流程示意图。
图3为根据本公开实施例的另一种光网络的测距方法的一种流程示意图。
图4为根据本公开实施例的OLT的结构示意图。
图5为根据本公开实施例的ONU的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本公开。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
相关技术中，在ONU注册阶段，OLT需要对待注册的ONU进行测距，由于OLT事先并不知道待注册的ONU距离自己的距离，所以OLT开放的用于测距的安静窗口的大小覆盖了PON系统支持的最小距离到最大距离，最大距离与最小距离的距离差是20km或者40km。支持20km差分距离的PON系统，标准中推荐最近ONU和最远ONU的环路时延差值为200μs，ONU的响应时间差值为2μs，ONU最大随机时延为48μs，因此推荐的安静窗口的大小为250μs。支持40km差分距离的PON系统，标准中推荐最近ONU和最远ONU的环路时延差值为400μs，ONU的响应时间差值为2μs，ONU最大随机时延为48μs，因此推荐的安静窗口的大小为450μs。在OLT开放安静窗口期间， OLT不给已经完成注册的ONU分配上行带宽，所以在安静窗口对应的时间内，完成注册的ONU不能发送上行数据；如果系统中有完成注册的传输低时延业务的ONU，由于较大的安静窗口会导致低延时业务的延迟发送，因此，该传输低时延业务ONU不能忍受PON系统开放较大的安静窗口。而在相关的PON系统中，OLT会定期开放安静窗口用于ONU注册，因此导致PON系统不能解决低时延业务的低时延需求。
有鉴于此，本公开实施例提供了一种光网络的测距方法，该方法可应用于如图1所示的光网络架构上。图2为根据本公开实施例提供的一种光网络的测距方法的一种流程示意图，该方法可包括步骤S202-步骤S206。
在步骤S202中，OLT向ONU发送带宽分配消息。
在步骤S204中，OLT接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率。
在步骤S206中，OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距。
根据本公开提供的实施例，通过对ONU的第一次测距，OLT可以根据该ONU到达的时间开放一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口，在该安静窗口中，OLT可以对该ONU进行第二次测距，即精确测距，ONU完成注册，解决了相关技术中OLT发生业务时延过大的技术问题，保证了上行链路上传输业务的低时延需求。
根据本公开提供的实施例，上述步骤的执行主体可以为OLT，或其管理单元等，但不限于此。
根据本公开提供的实施例，在OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距之后，还可包括第二次测距，第一次为粗测距，第二次为精测距，其中，精测距可包括：OLT向ONU发送下行数据；OLT接收ONU采用第二发送模式发送的响应于下行数据的上行信号，其中，第二发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率高于第一发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率；以及OLT根据上行信号的接收时间对ONU进行第二次测距。
根据本公开提供的实施例，OLT接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息可包括：OLT使用信号帧的预定开放窗口接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，预定开放窗口对应非工作带宽。
根据本公开提供的实施例，OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距可包括：OLT获取携带响应消息的数据帧；OLT确定数据帧的第一个比特(bit)到达OLT的指定时间；以及OLT使用指定时间测量ONU和OLT之间的距离。
根据本公开提供的实施例，OLT根据上行信号的接收时间对ONU进行第二次测距可包括：OLT确定下行数据的发送时刻，以及上行信号的接收时刻；以及，OLT计算接收时刻减去发送时刻的差，得到ONU的环路时延RTD。
根据本公开提供的实施例，在OLT接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息之后，该方法还可包括：OLT确定在同一周期内接收到多个ONU的响应消息；以及，OLT指示ONU在产生随机时延后重新发送响应消息。
根据本公开提供的实施例，第一发送模式中的发送功率可小于PON系统的标准功率，发送速率可小于PON系统的标准速率。标准功率和标准速率为PON系统标准定义的，如发送功率小于-30dBm，发送速率小于10Mbps。
根据本公开提供的实施例，OLT向ONU发送带宽分配消息可包括：OLT对OLT所辖的多个ONU进行分组；以及，OLT分别对各个组的ONU发送带宽分配消息。
根据本公开提供的实施例，OLT向ONU发送下行数据可包括：OLT向ONU发送单播消息，其中，单播消息携带下行数据。OLT给ONU发单播消息，ONU逐个响应。
根据本公开提供的实施例，在OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行测距之后，在粗测距后，该方法还可包括：OLT命令注册的目标ONU在产生一个随机时延后采用第一发送模式发送上行信号；以及，OLT接收上行信号。
根据本公开提供的实施例，在OLT接收上行信号之后，该方法还可包括：OLT通过比较上行数据的数据内容和完整的特定值的序列码，获得ONU发送的特定值的序列码的第一个比特到达OLT的时间；以及，OLT根据时间计算目标ONU的环路时延。
根据本公开提供的实施例，在OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行测距之后，在粗测距后，该方法还可包括：OLT为ONU开放一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口。
根据本公开提供的实施例，在OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行测距之后，在粗测距后，该方法还可包括：OLT命令注册的ONU采用第一发送模式将自身身份标识信息发送给OLT。
本公开实施例提供了另一种光网络的测距方法，该方法可应用于如图1所示的光网络架构上。图3为根据本公开实施例提供的另一种光网络的测距方法的一种流程示意图，该方法可包括步骤S302和步骤S304。
在步骤S302中，ONU接收OLT发送的带宽分配消息。
在步骤S304中，ONU采用第一发送模式向OLT发送带宽分配消息响应消息，其中，第一发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率。
根据本公开提供的实施例，在ONU采用第一发送模式向OLT发送带宽分配消息响应消息之后，该方法还可包括：ONU接收OLT发送的下行数据；以及，ONU采用第二发送模式向OLT发送响应于下行数据的上行信号，其中，第二发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率高于第一发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率。
根据本公开提供的实施例，ONU发送的低速率低功率的信号的帧内容携带了ONU的身份信息，例如，ONU的序列号信息，媒质接入地址信息或者其它注册信息。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述的方法。
在本实施例中还提供了一种光网络装置，该装置用于实现上述 实施例及优选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。如以下所使用的，术语“模块”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管以下实施例所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
如图4所示，其为根据本公开实施例提供的OLT的结构示意图，该OLT可包括：发送模块40，配置为向ONU发送带宽分配消息；接收模块42，配置为接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率；以及，测距模块44，配置为根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距。
如图5所示，其为根据本公开实施例提供的ONU的结构示意图，该ONU可包括：接收模块50，配置为接收OLT发送的带宽分配消息；以及，发送模块52，配置为采用第一发送模式向OLT发送带宽分配消息响应消息，其中，第一发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率。
本公开实施例还提供了一种光网络系统，可包括如图4所示的OLT和如图5所示的ONU。
需要说明的是，上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的，对于后者，可以通过以下方式实现，但不限于此：上述模块均位于同一处理器中；或者，上述各个模块以任意组合的形式分别位于不同的处理器中。
根据本公开提供的实施例，OLT对待注册ONU有两次测距，OLT在对待注册ONU精确测距之前，对待注册ONU进行粗测距；然后OLT发送单播消息给某一个待注册ONU，命令该待注册ONU响应OLT的请求。通过上述的粗测距，OLT根据该待注册ONU到达的时间开放一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口，在上述安静窗口中，OLT根据对该待注册ONU进行精确测距，完成待注册ONU的注册。
下面通过具体实例对本公开实施例进行详细说明。
实例一
在本实例中，为防止OLT开放较大的安静窗口用于待注册ONU的注册，待注册ONU支持两种信号发送模式。在注册的初始阶段，待注册ONU可以支持发送低功率(例如，发送小于-30dBm的光信号) 低速率S d(例如，小于10Mbps的上行速率)的信号响应OLT分配的带宽；在待注册ONU发送低速率低功率的信号的同时，已注册ONU可以正常发送上行数据。OLT给已注册ONU正常分配上行带宽，已注册ONU发送上行信号；同时，OLT定期给待注册ONU发送消息，通知待注册ONU发送上行信号，待注册ONU发送低速率低功率的上行信号响应OLT。因为低速率低功率的上行信号和已注册ONU发送的正常上行数据的信号重叠，所以低速率低功率的信号淹没在已注册ONU发送的正常上行数据的信号中。为了检测到待注册ONU的低速率低功率的信号，OLT在每帧中开放一个小的安静窗口(例如，几个微秒)，在这个安静窗口对应的时间内OLT不给任何已注册ONU分配上行带宽；所以这段时间内，OLT可以检测到待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号。为了帮助OLT更准确地判断待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号的值，待注册ONU可以连续发送多个低速率低功率的上行信号。OLT在每个125us中相同位置都开放一个上述的小安静窗口，OLT将多次检测到的待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号的值进行平均，得到更准确的待注册ONU发送的上行信号携带的数据的值。OLT已知待注册ONU发送的上述低速率低功率的完整的上行信号的值，因此，根据在上述安静窗口中检测到的部分低速率低功率的上行信号的值，OLT可以推断出这段数据在整个低速率低功率的上行信号中位置，进而根据待注册ONU的上行速率和已知的待注册ONU发送的完整的数据的信息(例如OLT根据接收到的数据段，对照已知待注册ONU发送的完整数据，得到在发送的数据段之间的数据长度L，得到待注册ONU发送的数据到达OLT的时刻T3＝T2-L/S d，其中S d为待注册ONU在注册阶段发送的低速率)，推断出待注册ONU的低速率低功率的上行信号的第一个比特到达OLT的时间T3，根据上述信息可以确定该待注册ONU的环路时延RTD为T3-T1，从而完成对该待注册ONU的粗测距。
在上述方案中，如果多个待注册ONU同时注册时，OLT处检测到冲突信号，OLT可以命令待注册ONU产生一个随机时延后重新响应发送上行信号，可以减少冲突的概率。然后OLT按照上述方法对待注册 ONU进行粗测距。
完成对某一个待注册ONU，例如ONU1，的粗测距后，OLT命令ONU1在随机时延后发送低速率低功率的上行信号。ONU1收到OLT的命令后产生一个随机时延后发送低速率低功率的上行信号。OLT收到上述产生随机时延后的ONU1的低速率低功率的上行信号，并完成对ONU1的测距。OLT将两次测得的ONU1的测距结果值相减得出ONU1产生的随机时延值D。
OLT在时刻T4发送一个用于测距的带宽分配给产生随机时延D的ONU1，OLT根据上述对ONU1粗测距的结果开放一个ONU1恢复PON系统传输业务数据的速率的数据到达自己的时刻附近的安静窗口，例如几个微秒。ONU1收到OLT的上述命令后，恢复自己的速率和光功率为当前PON系统支持的工作中的速率和光功率，在OLT分配的带宽内发送上行信号响应OLT的测距。OLT根据发送下行数据的时刻T4和收到ONU1的数据时刻T5，精确得到ONU1在正常速率下的环路时延RTD＝T5-T4。
在本实例中，为减少待注册ONU之间的冲突导致待注册ONU注册速度变慢，OLT可对所有ONU进行分组，例如OLT支持32个ONU，OLT将32个ONU分成4组，第一组ONU在本地记录自己的组编号为1，第二组ONU在本地记录上自己的组编号为2，第三组ONU在本地记录上自己的组编号为3，第四组ONU在本地记录上自己的组编号为4。OLT和ONU采用下面的主要步骤发送数据和接收数据。
步骤1：OLT给ONU发送广播消息，消息内容为一个特定值的序列码。
步骤2：ONU存储OLT发送的具有特定值的序列码信息。
步骤3：OLT命令处于待注册、待激活状态的第一组待注册ONU发送上行信号，OLT开放一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口。
步骤4：第一组待注册ONU采用低速率发送低光功率的光信号，光信号的内容为步骤1中的特定值的序列码。优选地，该速率下，该特定序列码的上行传输时间可等于125us。优选地，待注册ONU可多次发送该特定值的序列码。
步骤5：OLT在步骤3中的安静窗口中检测到待注册ONU在步骤4发送的上行数据，根据检测到的数据内容和完整的特定值的序列码比较，OLT获得待注册ONU发送的特定值的序列码的第一个比特到达OLT的时间，进而计算出该待注册ONU的环路时延，该环路时延包括OLT发送给待注册ONU的数据在光纤中的传输时延，待注册ONU的响应时间，以及待注册ONU发送给OLT的数据在光纤中的传输时延，该环路时延值＝OLT收到待注册ONU发送的特定值的序列码的第一个比特到达OLT的时间-OLT发送下行数据的时间。
OLT命令第一组待注册ONU产生一个随机时延(例如小于125us的随机时延)后发送上行信号。
步骤6：第一组待注册ONU产生一个随机时延后采用低速率发送低光功率的光信号，光信号的内容为步骤1中的特定值的序列码。
步骤7：OLT根据收到步骤4和步骤6待注册ONU的低速率低光功率的光信号后，计算出该待注册ONU产生的随机时延值D，两次计算的该待注册ONU的环路时延的差值即为该待注册ONU产生的随机时延值，OLT命令随机时延值为D的待注册ONU在开始时间T1发送上行数据。
OLT根据该待注册ONU的到达时间开放了一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口。
步骤8：在步骤6中产生的随机时延值为D的待注册ONU，将自己的速率和发送光功率恢复到PON系统的正常值后，在开始时间T1时刻发送上行数据，上行数据中包含待注册ONU的身份信息，例如待注册ONU的序列号值S，或者待注册ONU的MAC地址。
步骤9：OLT收到待注册ONU在步骤8中发送的数据后，进行测距获得待注册ONU的环路时延值(待注册ONU的环路时延值＝OLT收到待注册ONU的数据的时间-OLT发送下行数据的时间-T1)。
OLT给该待注册ONU分配在PON系统中的身份信息，如ONU ID或者ONU逻辑链路标识信息，或者ONU的物理标识信息，优选的，OLT将该待注册ONU的均衡时延值发送给该待注册ONU，该待注册ONU完成注册。
在上述步骤5中，如果OLT在安静窗口检测到多个待注册ONU发送的冲突的上行信号，OLT命令第一组待注册ONU产生一个较大的随机延时后，例如大于125us，回到步骤4继续注册。
OLT采用上述步骤完成对其它组待注册ONU的测距，使得待注册ONU完成注册。
实例二
在本实例中，OLT处储存了所有ONU的身份信息，例如序列号信息或者ONU的MAC地址信息。OLT和ONU采用下面的主要步骤发送数据和接收数据。
步骤1：OLT给ONU发送广播消息，消息内容为一个特定值的序列码。
步骤2：ONU存储OLT发送的具有特定值的序列码信息。
步骤3：OLT命令处于待注册、待激活状态的一个序列号为S的ONU发送上行信号，OLT开放一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口。
步骤4：序列号为S的ONU采用低速率发送低光功率的光信号，光信号的内容为步骤1中的特定值的序列码。例如，该速率下的该特定值的序列码所需的上行传输时间等于125us。再如，ONU可以多次发送上述特定序列码)。
步骤5：OLT在步骤3中的安静窗口中检测到ONU发送的上行数据，根据检测到数据内容和ONU的速率，获取ONU发送的特定值的序列码的第一个比特到达OLT的时间，进而计算出该ONU的环路时延。该环路时延值包括OLT发送给ONU的数据在光纤中的传输时延，ONU的响应时间，以及ONU发送给OLT的数据在光纤中的传输时间，该环路时延值＝OLT收到ONU发送数据的时间-OLT发送下行数据的时间。
在OLT已知ONU的响应时间的情况下，OLT根据环路时延值TRTT＝L/Cd+L/Cu+Tres，可以计算出ONU距离OLT的光纤长度，其中L为OLT距离ONU的光纤距离，Cd为下行光信号的光速，Cu为上行光信号的光速，Tres为ONU的响应时间，TRTT为ONU的环路时延。OLT完成对该ONU的初步测距。
OLT命令该ONU在开始时间T1发送上行数据。
OLT根据该ONU恢复PON系统速率后的到达时间开放了一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口。
步骤6：序列号为S的ONU，将自己的速率和发送光功率恢复到PON系统的正常值后，在开始时间T1时刻发送上行数据。
步骤7：OLT收到ONU在步骤6中发送的数据后，对ONU进行测距获得ONU的环路时延值(ONU的环路时延值＝OLT收到ONU的数据的时间-OLT发送下行数据的时间-T1)。
优选的，OLT将ONU的测距结果发送给序列号值为S的ONU，该ONU完成注册。
OLT重复上述步骤对PON系统中的所有需要注册的ONU逐一完成测距，并将测距结果发给ONU，完成ONU的注册过程。
实例三
在本实例中，为防止OLT开放较大的安静窗口用于待注册ONU的注册，待注册ONU支持两种信号发送模式。在注册的初始阶段，待注册ONU可以支持发送低功率(例如，发送小于-30dBm的光信号)低速率S d(例如，小于10Mbps的上行速率)的信号响应OLT分配的带宽；在待注册ONU发送低速率低功率的信号的同时，已注册ONU可以正常发送上行数据。OLT给已注册ONU正常分配上行带宽，已注册ONU发送上行信号；同时，OLT定期给待注册ONU发送消息，通知待注册ONU发送上行信号，待注册ONU发送低速率低功率的上行信号响应OLT。因为低速率低功率的上行信号和已注册ONU发送的正常上行数据的信号重叠，所以低速率低功率的信号淹没在已注册ONU发送的正常上行数据的信号中。为了检测到待注册ONU的低速率低功率的信号，OLT在每帧中开放一个小的安静窗口(例如，几个微秒)，在这个安静窗口对应的时间内OLT不给任何已注册ONU分配上行带宽；所以这段时间内，OLT可以检测到待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号。为了帮助OLT更准确地判断待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号的值，待注册ONU可以连续发送多个低速率低功率的上行信号。OLT在每个125us中相同位置都开放一个上述的小安静窗 口，OLT将多次检测到的待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号的值进行平均，得到更准确的待注册ONU发送的上行信号携带的数据的值。OLT已知待注册ONU发送的上述低速率低功率的完整的上行信号的值，因此，根据在上述安静窗口中检测到的部分低速率低功率的上行信号的值，OLT可以推断出这段数据在整个低速率低功率的上行信号中位置，进而根据待注册ONU的上行速率和已知的待注册ONU发送的完整的数据的信息(例如OLT根据接收到的数据段，对照已知待注册ONU发送的完整数据，得到在发送的数据段之间的数据长度L，得到待注册ONU发送的数据到达OLT的时刻T3＝T2-L/S d，其中S d为待注册ONU在注册阶段发送的低速率)，推断出待注册ONU的低速率低功率的上行信号的第一个比特到达OLT的时间T3，根据上述信息可以确定该待注册ONU的环路时延RTD为T3-T1，从而完成对该待注册ONU的粗测距。
在上述方案中，如果多个待注册ONU同时注册时，OLT处检测到冲突信号，OLT可以命令待注册ONU产生一个随机时延后重新响应发送上行信号，可以减少冲突的概率。然后OLT按照上述方法对待注册ONU进行粗测距。
完成对某一个待注册ONU，例如ONU1的粗测距后，OLT命令ONU1用低速率低功率的信号携带自己的身份标识信息发送给OLT。
ONU1收到OLT的命令后将自己的身份信息(例如：序列号信息，媒质接入地址信息，或者其它注册信息)携带在低速率低功率的上行信号上发送给OLT。
OLT收到上述ONU1的身份信息后，在时刻T4发送一个用于测距的带宽分配给该ONU1，OLT根据上述对ONU1粗测距的结果开放一个ONU1恢复PON系统传输业务数据的速率的数据到达自己的时刻附近的安静窗口，例如几个微秒。
ONU1收到OLT的上述命令后，恢复自己的速率和光功率为当前PON系统支持的工作中的速率和光功率，在OLT分配的带宽内发送上行信号响应OLT的测距。
OLT根据发送下行数据的时刻T4和收到ONU的数据时刻T5，精 确得到该ONU1在正常速率下的环路时延RTD＝T5-T4。
实例四
在本实例中，为防止OLT开放较大的安静窗口用于待注册ONU的注册，待注册ONU支持两种信号发送模式。在注册的初始阶段，待注册ONU可以支持发送低功率(例如，发送小于-30dBm的光信号)低速率S d(例如，小于10Mbps的上行速率)的信号响应OLT分配的带宽；在待注册ONU发送低速率低功率的信号的同时，已注册ONU可以正常发送上行数据。OLT给已注册ONU正常分配上行带宽，已注册ONU发送上行信号。
同时，OLT在T1时刻给待注册ONU发送消息，通知待注册ONU发送上行信号，待注册ONU发送低速率低功率的上行信号响应OLT。因为低速率低功率的上行信号和已注册ONU发送的正常上行数据的信号重叠，所以低速率低功率的信号淹没在已注册ONU发送的正常上行数据的信号中。为了检测到待注册ONU的低速率低功率的信号，OLT在每帧中开放一个小的安静窗口(例如，几个微秒)，在这个安静窗口对应的时间内OLT不给任何已注册ONU分配上行带宽；所以这段时间内，OLT可以检测到待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号。为了帮助OLT更准确地判断待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号的值，待注册ONU可以连续发送多个低速率低功率的上行信号。OLT在每个125us中相同位置都开放一个上述的小安静窗口，OLT将多次检测到的待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的上行信号的值进行平均，得到更准确的待注册ONU发送的上行信号携带的数据的值。待注册ONU发送的低速率低功率的信号的帧内容携带了待注册ONU的身份信息(例如待注册ONU的序列号信息，媒质接入地址信息或者其它注册信息)。
OLT根据在上述安静窗口中检测到的部分低速率低功率的上行信号的值，可以推断出这段数据在整个低速率低功率的上行信号中位置，OLT根据这部分数据到达OLT的时间值，进而推断待注册ONU发送数据的第一个比特到达OLT的时间值T2，根据上述信息可以完成对该待注册ONU的环路时延RTD为T2-T1，完成对待注册ONU在低速 率下的粗测距。
在上述方案中，如果多个待注册ONU同时注册时，OLT处检测到冲突信号，OLT可以命令待注册ONU产生一个随机时延后重新响应发送上行信号，可以减少冲突的概率。然后OLT按照上述方法对待注册ONU进行粗测距。
完成对某一个ONU，例如ONU1的粗测距后，OLT在时刻T3发送单播消息给上述待注册ONU1分配测距上行带宽，OLT根据上述对ONU1粗测距的结果开放一个ONU1恢复PON系统传输业务数据的速率的数据到达自己的时刻附近的安静窗口，例如几个微秒。
ONU1收到OLT的上述命令后，恢复自己的速率和光功率为当前PON系统支持的工作中的速率和光功率，在OLT分配的带宽内发送上行信号响应OLT的测距。
OLT根据发送下行数据的时刻T3和收到ONU1的数据时刻T4，精确得到该ONU1在正常速率下的环路时延RTD＝T4-T3。
在本实例中，OLT可以根据对ONU的事先粗测距的方法减小测距的安静窗口，保证上行链路上传输业务的低时延需求。
本公开实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被设置为运行时执行本公开实施例提供的光网络的测距方法的步骤。
根据本公开提供的实施例，上述存储介质可以被设置为存储用于执行以下步骤的计算机程序：在S1中，OLT向ONU发送带宽分配消息；在S2中，OLT接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，响应消息是ONU根据带宽分配消息生成的，发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率；在S3中，OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距。
根据本公开提供的实施例，上述计算机可读存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称为ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称为RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储计算机程序的介质。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器， 该存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行本公开实施例提供的光网络的测距方法的步骤。
根据本公开提供的实施例，上述电子装置还可以包括传输设备以及输入输出设备，其中，该传输设备和上述处理器连接，该输入输出设备和上述处理器连接。
根据本公开提供的实施例，上述处理器可以被设置为通过计算机程序执行以下步骤：在S1中，OLT向ONU发送带宽分配消息；在S2中，OLT接收ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，响应消息是ONU根据带宽分配消息生成的，发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率；在S3中，OLT根据响应消息对ONU进行第一次测距。
本公开实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及可选实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本公开的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种光网络的测距方法，包括：
    光线路终端OLT对待注册光网络单元ONU进行粗测距，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的第一距离；
    所述OLT在第一时间T 1向所述待注册ONU发送第一消息，所述第一消息中携带有所述OLT为所述待注册ONU分配的第一上行带宽；
    所述OLT根据所述第一距离，估计所述待注册ONU响应于所述第一消息在所述第一上行带宽上以第一发送模式发送的第一上行信号到达所述OLT的时间，并开放相应的第一安静窗口；
    在所述第一安静窗口内的第二时间T 2，所述OLT接收所述第一上行信号；以及
    所述OLT根据所述T 1以及所述T 2，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的第二距离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述OLT根据所述T 1以及所述T 2，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的所述第二距离，包括：
    所述OLT确定所述待注册ONU的第一环路时延RTD1＝T 2-T 1；以及
    所述OLT根据所述RTD1以及预先获取的光信号在光纤中的传输速率，确定所述第二距离。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述OLT对所述待注册ONU进行粗测距，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的所述第一距离，包括：
    所述OLT在一个测距周期的设定时间T 3广播第二消息，所述第二消息中携带有特定值序列码以及第二上行带宽；
    所述OLT在所述测距周期的设定时间段开放第二安静窗口，所述第二安静窗口的时间长度小于低时延业务允许时延长度；
    所述OLT在所述第二安静窗口内，接收所述待注册ONU响应于所述第二消息在所述第二上行带宽上以第二发送模式发送的第二上行信号，其中，所述第二上行信号用于传输所述特定值序列码，且所述第二发送模式的发送功率和/或信号传输速率小于所述第一发送模 式的发送功率和/或信号传输速率；以及
    所述OLT根据所述T 3、接收到的所述第二上行信号以及所述第二上行信号的接收时间T 4，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的所述第一距离。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，所述OLT根据所述T 3、接收到的所述第二上行信号以及所述T 4，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的所述第一距离，包括：
    所述OLT确定在所述T 4接收到的所述第二上行信号中的所述特定值序列码的片段；
    所述OLT根据在所述T 4接收到的所述第二上行信号中的所述特定值序列码的片段以及所述特定值序列码，确定在所述T 4时刻，所述待注册ONU传输的所述特定值序列码已到达所述OLT的长度L；
    所述OLT确定所述待注册ONU传输的所述特定值序列码中的第一个码到达所述OLT的时间T 5＝T 4-L/S d，其中，S d为所述第二发送模式的信号传输速率；以及
    所述OLT确定所述待注册ONU的第二环路时延RTD2＝T 5-T 3，并根据所述RTD2以及预先获取的光信号在光纤中的传输速率，确定所述第一距离。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，在所述OLT对所述待注册ONU进行粗测距之前，还包括：
    所述OLT将所述OLT支持的所有ONU划分为多个ONU组，并为所述多个ONU组分别分配对应的组标识；以及
    所述第二消息中还携带有与所述测距周期对应的所述多个ONU组中一个ONU组的组标识，用于指示所述ONU组中的所述待注册ONU响应于所述第二消息在所述第二上行带宽上以第二发送模式发送所述第二上行信号。
  6. 一种光网络的测距方法，包括：
    待注册光网络单元ONU与光线路终端OLT通信，使得所述OLT对所述待注册ONU进行粗测距，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的第一距离；
    所述待注册ONU接收所述OLT在第一时间T 1发送的第一消息，所述第一消息中携带有所述OLT为所述待注册ONU分配的第一上行带宽；以及
    响应于所述第一消息，所述待注册ONU在所述第一上行带宽上以第一发送模式发送第一上行信号，使得所述OLT在第一安静窗口内接收所述第一上行信号，并根据所述T 1以及接收所述第一上行信号的第二时间T 2，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的第二距离；
    其中，所述第一安静窗口是由所述OLT根据所述第一距离，估计所述第一上行信号到达所述OLT的时间后开放的。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其中，所述待注册ONU与所述OLT通信，使得所述OLT对所述待注册ONU进行粗测距，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的所述第一距离，包括：
    所述待注册ONU接收所述OLT在一个测距周期的设定时间T 3广播的第二消息，所述第二消息中携带有特定值序列码以及第二上行带宽；以及
    响应于所述第二消息，所述待注册ONU在所述第二上行带宽上以第二发送模式发送用于传输所述特定值序列码的第二上行信号，使得所述OLT在所述测距周期的设定时间段开放的第二安静窗口内接收所述第二上行信号，并根据所述T 3、接收到的所述第二上行信号以及所述第二上行信号的接收时间T 4，确定所述待注册ONU与所述OLT之间的所述第一距离；
    其中，所述第二安静窗口的时间长度小于低时延业务允许时延长度，且所述第二发送模式的发送功率和/或信号传输速率小于所述第一发送模式的发送功率和/或信号传输速率。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述第二消息中还携带有与所述测距周期对应的ONU组的组标识；以及
    在响应于所述第二消息，所述待注册ONU在所述第二上行带宽上发送所述第二上行信号之前，所述方法还包括：所述待注册ONU确定自身存储的组标识与所述第二消息中携带的所述ONU组的组标识相同；其中，所述待注册ONU自身存储的组标识是由所述OLT将所 述OLT支持的所有ONU划分为多个ONU组后，为包含所述待注册ONU的所述ONU组分配的。
  9. 一种光网络的测距方法，应用在光线路终端OLT，包括：
    向光网络单元ONU发送带宽分配消息；
    接收所述ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，所述第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率；以及
    根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行测距。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，在根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行测距之后，还包括：
    向所述ONU发送下行数据，其中，所述下行数据携带带宽分配消息；
    接收所述ONU采用第二发送模式发送的响应于所述带宽分配消息的上行信号，其中，所述第二发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率高于所述第一发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率；以及
    根据所述上行信号的接收时间对ONU进行测距。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，根据所述上行信号的接收时间对所述ONU进行测距包括：
    确定所述下行数据的发送时刻，以及所述上行信号的接收时刻；以及
    计算所述接收时刻减去所述发送时刻的差，得到所述ONU的环路时延RTD。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，接收所述ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，包括：使用预定的安静开放窗口接收所述ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息；其中，所述预定的安静开放窗口对应非工作带宽。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行第一次测距包括：
    获取所述响应消息；
    根据响应消息的内容确定该ONU发送的上行数据帧的第一个比特到达所述OLT的指定时间；以及
    使用所述指定时间计算所述ONU和所述OLT之间的距离。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，在接收所述ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息之后，还包括：
    确定在同一周期内接收到多个ONU的响应消息；以及
    指示所述ONU在产生随机时延后重新发送所述响应消息。
  15. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述第一发送模式中的发送功率小于PON系统的标准功率，发送速率小于PON系统的标准速率。
  16. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，向所述ONU发送带宽分配消息包括：
    对所述OLT所辖的多个ONU进行分组的组号信息；以及
    对该组号对应的ONU分配的带宽消息。
  17. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，向所述ONU发送带宽分配消息包括：
    向所述ONU发送单播消息；其中，所述单播消息携带所述ONU的序列号或者媒质接入控制地址。
  18. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，在根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行测距之后，还包括：
    命令注册的目标ONU在产生一个随机时延后采用所述第一发送模式发送上行信号；
    接收所述上行信号；
    通过比较所述上行信号的上行数据的数据内容和完整的特定值的序列码，获得ONU发送的所述特定值的序列码的第一个比特到达所述OLT的时间；以及
    根据所述时间计算所述目标ONU的环路时延。
  19. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，在根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行测距之后，还包括：为所述ONU开放一个小于低时延业务允许时延值的安静窗口。
  20. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，在根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行测距之后，还包括：命令注册的ONU采用所述第一发送模式 将自身身份标识信息发送给所述OLT。
  21. 一种光网络的测距方法，应用在光网络单元ONU，包括：
    接收光线路终端OLT发送的带宽分配消息；以及
    采用第一发送模式向所述OLT发送所述带宽分配消息响应消息，其中，所述第一发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，在采用第一发送模式向所述OLT发送所述带宽分配消息响应消息之后，还包括：
    接收所述OLT发送的下行数据；以及
    采用第二发送模式向所述OLT发送响应于所述下行数据的上行信号，其中，所述第二发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率高于所述第一发送模式下的发送功率和发送速率。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其中，所述响应消息的帧内容携带ONU的身份信息。
  24. 一种光线路终端OLT，包括：
    发送模块，配置为向光网络单元ONU发送带宽分配消息；
    接收模块，配置为接收所述ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，所述第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率；以及
    测距模块，配置为根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行第一次测距。
  25. 一种光网络单元ONU，包括：
    接收模块，配置为接收光线路终端OLT发送的带宽分配消息；以及
    发送模块，配置为采用第一发送模式向所述OLT发送所述带宽分配消息响应消息，其中，所述第一发送模式用于描述发送功率和发送速率。
  26. 一种光网络系统，包括光线路终端OLT以及光网络单元ONU，其中：
    所述OLT，配置为向所述ONU发送带宽分配消息，接收所述ONU采用第一发送模式发送的响应消息，其中，所述第一发送模式包括发送功率和发送速率，以及根据所述响应消息对所述ONU进行第一次测 距；
    所述ONU，配置为接收所述OLT发送的带宽分配消息，以及采用所述第一发送模式向所述OLT发送所述带宽分配消息响应消息。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行所述权利要求1至23任一项中所述的方法。
  28. 一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行所述权利要求1至23任一项中所述的方法。
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