WO2020080327A1 - 撮像素子および電子機器 - Google Patents
撮像素子および電子機器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020080327A1 WO2020080327A1 PCT/JP2019/040372 JP2019040372W WO2020080327A1 WO 2020080327 A1 WO2020080327 A1 WO 2020080327A1 JP 2019040372 W JP2019040372 W JP 2019040372W WO 2020080327 A1 WO2020080327 A1 WO 2020080327A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- wiring
- substrate
- photoelectric conversion
- transistor
- image sensor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/809—Constructional details of image sensors of hybrid image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/813—Electronic components shared by multiple pixels, e.g. one amplifier shared by two pixels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/76—Addressed sensors, e.g. MOS or CMOS sensors
- H04N25/77—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components
- H04N25/778—Pixel circuitry, e.g. memories, A/D converters, pixel amplifiers, shared circuits or shared components comprising amplifiers shared between a plurality of pixels, i.e. at least one part of the amplifier must be on the sensor array itself
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
- H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
- H04N25/79—Arrangements of circuitry being divided between different or multiple substrates, chips or circuit boards, e.g. stacked image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/011—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12
- H10F39/014—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12 of CMOS image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/011—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12
- H10F39/018—Manufacture or treatment of image sensors covered by group H10F39/12 of hybrid image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/18—Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor [CMOS] image sensors; Photodiode array image sensors
- H10F39/182—Colour image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/10—Integrated devices
- H10F39/12—Image sensors
- H10F39/199—Back-illuminated image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/803—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
- H10F39/8037—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements the integrated elements comprising a transistor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/803—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements
- H10F39/8037—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements the integrated elements comprising a transistor
- H10F39/80373—Pixels having integrated switching, control, storage or amplification elements the integrated elements comprising a transistor characterised by the gate of the transistor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/805—Coatings
- H10F39/8053—Colour filters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
- H10F39/8063—Microlenses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/807—Pixel isolation structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/811—Interconnections
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
- H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
- H10F39/802—Geometry or disposition of elements in pixels, e.g. address-lines or gate electrodes
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an image sensor and electronic equipment such as a camera including the image sensor.
- CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
- a configuration is known in which a first semiconductor substrate having a pixel region formed thereon and a second semiconductor substrate having a logic circuit formed thereon are stacked ( See, for example, Patent Document 1).
- first substrate the substrate on which the photoelectric conversion element is formed
- second substrate the substrate on which the pixel transistor is formed
- a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements corresponding to a plurality of pixels and one-to-one share one pixel transistor.
- the elements for example, circuit components such as transistors
- the plurality of first elements that are formed for each photoelectric conversion element become the second elements that are shared elements. are commonly connected.
- the plurality of first elements of the first substrate are contacted one by one to the wiring connected to the second element shared by these first elements and formed on the second substrate. Need to connect. Therefore, the number of wiring contacts increases and the area increases.
- the present disclosure aims to provide an image sensor and an electronic device capable of reducing the area of a substrate.
- an imaging device includes a first substrate on which a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements are formed, and a pixel shared by the groups for each group of two or more photoelectric conversion elements.
- a second substrate on which a transistor is formed and a plurality of elements formed on the first substrate are each connected to a second element shared by a plurality of first elements formed for each photoelectric conversion element.
- An image pickup including: a second wiring that is connected to the first wiring formed on the second substrate with one contact and to which the plurality of first elements are connected. It is an element.
- the “element” is a concept including a part or all of circuit components such as photoelectric conversion elements, transistors, wirings (including electrodes) formed on a substrate (semiconductor substrate).
- the “pixel transistor” is a transistor for reading an electric signal according to the amount of light received by the photoelectric conversion element, and is a transistor that can be shared by a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements (pixels).
- the pixel transistor includes at least an amplification transistor that amplifies and outputs the electric signal supplied from the photoelectric conversion element.
- the wiring connected to the second element shared by the plurality of first elements of the first substrate, and the first wiring formed on the second substrate a second wiring connected by one contact and connected by the plurality of first elements is provided. That is, the second wiring aggregates a plurality of first elements, and uses a single contact for the wiring connected to the second element shared (commonly connected) by the plurality of first elements. Connecting. As a result, the number of contacts formed in the first wiring for connecting the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit to the first wiring is only one, and thus the number of contacts and the area of the first wiring Can be reduced.
- the first substrate on which the photoelectric conversion element is formed and the second substrate on which the pixel transistor is formed are separately laminated, so that the area on the substrate can be reduced. It will be possible.
- the area of the substrate can be reduced. Note that the effects described here are not necessarily limited and may be any effects described in the present disclosure.
- FIG. 1 It is a figure showing an example of a schematic structure of an image sensor applied to each embodiment of this indication. It is a figure showing an example of the sensor pixel and read-out circuit of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the sensor pixel and read-out circuit of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the sensor pixel and read-out circuit of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the sensor pixel and read-out circuit of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the connection mode of a plurality of read-out circuits and a plurality of vertical signal lines. It is a figure showing an example of the vertical cross-section of the image sensor of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining an example of the method of manufacturing the image pickup device of the first embodiment.
- It is a figure which shows a part of cross section of an image pick-up element when the structure which does not provide wiring is taken.
- It is a figure which shows a part of cross section of the image sensor of 1st Embodiment.
- It is a typical top view of the 1st substrate of a 1st embodiment.
- FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the horizontal cross-section structure of the image sensor of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the horizontal cross-section structure of the image sensor of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the horizontal cross-section structure of the image sensor of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the horizontal cross-section structure of the image sensor of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the horizontal cross-section structure of the image sensor of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the horizontal cross-section structure of the image sensor of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the horizontal cross-section structure of the image sensor of FIG. It is a figure showing an example of the circuit composition of the imaging device provided with the imaging device concerning the above-mentioned embodiment and the modification.
- FIG. 52 is a diagram illustrating an example in which the imaging device of FIG. 51 is configured by stacking three substrates.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example in which a logic circuit is divided into a substrate provided with a sensor pixel and a substrate provided with a reading circuit. It is a figure showing the example which formed the logic circuit in the 3rd board
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an image sensor 1 applied to each embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the image sensor 1 converts the received light into an electric signal and outputs it as a pixel signal.
- the image sensor 1 is configured as a CMOS image sensor.
- FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a schematic configuration of an image sensor 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the image sensor 1 includes three substrates (a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, and a third substrate 30).
- the image pickup device 1 is an image pickup device having a three-dimensional structure configured by bonding three substrates (first substrate 10, second substrate 20, third substrate 30).
- the first substrate 10, the second substrate 20, and the third substrate 30 are laminated in this order.
- the first substrate 10 includes a semiconductor substrate 11 and a plurality of sensor pixels 12 that perform photoelectric conversion.
- the plurality of sensor pixels 12 are arranged in a matrix in the pixel region 13 of the first substrate 10.
- the second substrate 20 includes, on the semiconductor substrate 303, one reading circuit 22 that outputs a pixel signal based on the charges output from the sensor pixels 12 for each of the four sensor pixels 12.
- the second substrate 20 has a plurality of pixel drive lines 23 extending in the row direction and a plurality of vertical signal lines 24 extending in the column direction.
- the third substrate 30 includes a semiconductor substrate 31 and a logic circuit 32 that processes pixel signals.
- the logic circuit 32 has, for example, a vertical drive circuit 33, a column signal processing circuit 34, a horizontal drive circuit 35, and a system control circuit 36.
- the logic circuit 32 (specifically, the horizontal drive circuit 35) outputs the output voltage Vout for each sensor pixel 12 to the outside.
- a low resistance region made of silicide formed by using a salicide (Self Aligned Silicide) process such as CoSi 2 or NiSi is formed on the surface of the impurity diffusion region in contact with the source electrode and the drain electrode. May be.
- the vertical drive circuit 33 sequentially selects, for example, a plurality of sensor pixels 12 row by row.
- the column signal processing circuit 34 for example, performs a correlated double sampling (CDS) process on the pixel signal output from each sensor pixel 12 in the row selected by the vertical drive circuit 33.
- the column signal processing circuit 34 extracts the signal level of the pixel signal by performing CDS processing, for example, and holds pixel data according to the amount of light received by each sensor pixel 12.
- the horizontal drive circuit 35 sequentially outputs the pixel data held in the column signal processing circuit 34 to the outside, for example.
- the system control circuit 36 controls the drive of each block (vertical drive circuit 33, column signal processing circuit 34, and horizontal drive circuit 35) in the logic circuit 32, for example.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of the sensor pixel 12 and the readout circuit 22. Below, as shown in FIG. 2, the case where four sensor pixels 12 share one readout circuit 22 will be described. Here, “shared” means that the outputs of the four sensor pixels 12 are input to the common readout circuit 22.
- Each sensor pixel 12 has common constituent elements.
- the identification numbers (1, 2, 3, 4) are given to the end of the reference numerals of the constituent elements of each sensor pixel 12.
- an identification number is given to the end of the reference numeral of the constituent element of each sensor pixel 12, but the constituent elements of each sensor pixel 12 are distinguished from each other.
- the identification number at the end of the reference numeral of the constituent element of each sensor pixel 12 is omitted.
- Each sensor pixel 12 has, for example, a photodiode PD, a transfer transistor TR electrically connected to the photodiode PD, and a floating diffusion that temporarily holds the electric charge output from the photodiode PD via the transfer transistor TR. And FD.
- the photodiode PD corresponds to a specific but not limitative example of “photoelectric conversion element” of the present disclosure.
- the photodiode PD performs photoelectric conversion to generate electric charges according to the amount of received light.
- the cathode of the photodiode PD is electrically connected to the source of the transfer transistor TR, and the anode of the photodiode PD is electrically connected to a reference potential line (eg ground).
- the drain of the transfer transistor TR is electrically connected to the floating diffusion FD, and the gate of the transfer transistor TR is electrically connected to the pixel drive line 23.
- the transfer transistor TR is, for example, a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistor.
- the floating diffusions FD of the sensor pixels 12 that share one readout circuit 22 are electrically connected to each other and also to the input end of the common readout circuit 22.
- the read circuit 22 includes, for example, a reset transistor RST, a selection transistor SEL, and an amplification transistor AMP.
- the selection transistor SEL may be omitted if necessary.
- the source of the reset transistor RST (the input end of the read circuit 22) is electrically connected to the floating diffusion FD, and the drain of the reset transistor RST is electrically connected to the power line VDD and the drain of the amplification transistor AMP.
- the gate of the reset transistor RST is electrically connected to the pixel drive line 23 (see FIG. 1).
- the source of the amplification transistor AMP is electrically connected to the drain of the selection transistor SEL, and the gate of the amplification transistor AMP is electrically connected to the source of the reset transistor RST.
- the source of the selection transistor SEL (the output end of the readout circuit 22) is electrically connected to the vertical signal line 24, and the gate of the selection transistor SEL is electrically connected to the pixel drive line 23 (see FIG. 1). .
- the transfer transistor TR transfers the charge of the photodiode PD to the floating diffusion FD when the transfer transistor TR is turned on.
- the reset transistor RST resets the potential of the floating diffusion FD to a predetermined potential.
- the potential of the floating diffusion FD is reset to the potential of the power supply line VDD.
- the selection transistor SEL controls the output timing of the pixel signal from the readout circuit 22.
- the amplification transistor AMP generates, as a pixel signal, a signal having a voltage corresponding to the level of the charge held in the floating diffusion FD.
- the amplification transistor AMP constitutes a source follower type amplifier, and outputs a pixel signal having a voltage corresponding to the level of the charge generated in the photodiode PD.
- the selection transistor SEL When the selection transistor SEL is turned on, the amplification transistor AMP amplifies the potential of the floating diffusion FD and outputs a voltage corresponding to the potential to the column signal processing circuit 34 via the vertical signal line 24.
- the reset transistor RST, the amplification transistor AMP, and the selection transistor SEL are CMOS transistors, for example.
- each unit in which the four sensor pixels 12 share one readout circuit 22 (which may be referred to as a “shared unit” or a “shared unit circuit” in the following description). It includes an element PD, four transfer transistors TR corresponding to the four photoelectric conversion elements PD in a one-to-one correspondence, an amplification transistor AMP, a reset transistor RST, and a selection transistor SEL.
- four pixels (the sensor pixel 12 including at least the photoelectric conversion element PD) share a combination of one amplification transistor AMP, one reset transistor RST, and one selection transistor SEL.
- a combination of one amplification transistor AMP, one reset transistor RST, and one selection transistor SEL corresponds to a “pixel transistor”.
- a plurality of photodiodes PD corresponding to a plurality of pixels and one-to-one are formed on the first substrate 10 corresponding to the “first substrate” of the present disclosure. More specifically, on the first substrate 10, a transfer transistor TR for transferring an electric signal output from the photodiode PD to the pixel transistor is also formed for each of the plurality of photodiodes PD.
- the two photodiodes PD included in the plurality of photodiodes PD formed on the first substrate 10 correspond to the “first photoelectric conversion element” and the “second photoelectric conversion element”.
- the transfer transistor TR connected to the photodiode PD corresponding to the first photoelectric conversion element corresponds to the “first transfer transistor”, and the transfer transistor TR connected to the photodiode PD corresponding to the second photoelectric conversion element.
- the transistor TR corresponds to the “second transfer transistor”. That is, the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element are formed on the first substrate 10, and the first substrate 10 includes the first transfer transistor connected to the first photoelectric conversion element and the first photoelectric conversion element. And a second transfer transistor connected to the second photoelectric conversion element.
- pixel transistors shared by two or more (four in this example) photodiodes PD as a unit are provided for each group. It is formed. More specifically, one amplification transistor AMP that amplifies and outputs the electric signal transferred from each of the two or more transfer transistors TR included in the second substrate 20 for each one or more groups. A pixel transistor including at least is formed. Here, it can be considered that a pixel transistor connected to the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element is formed on the second substrate.
- the selection transistor SEL may be provided between the power supply line VDD and the amplification transistor AMP.
- the drain of the reset transistor RST is electrically connected to the power supply line VDD and the drain of the selection transistor SEL.
- the source of the selection transistor SEL is electrically connected to the drain of the amplification transistor AMP, and the gate of the selection transistor SEL is electrically connected to the pixel drive line 23 (see FIG. 1).
- the source of the amplification transistor AMP (the output end of the read circuit 22) is electrically connected to the vertical signal line 24, and the gate of the amplification transistor AMP is electrically connected to the source of the reset transistor RST.
- the FD transfer transistor FDG may be provided between the source of the reset transistor RST and the gate of the amplification transistor AMP.
- FD transfer transistor FDG is used when switching conversion efficiency.
- the pixel signal is small when shooting in a dark place.
- V the voltage when the voltage is converted by the amplification transistor AMP becomes small.
- the pixel signal becomes large, so if the FD capacitance C is not large, the floating diffusion FD cannot receive the charge of the photodiode PD.
- the FD capacitance C needs to be large so that V when converted into a voltage by the amplification transistor AMP does not become too large (in other words, becomes small).
- FIG. 6 shows an example of a connection mode between the plurality of read circuits 22 and the plurality of vertical signal lines 24.
- the plurality of read circuits 22 are arranged side by side in the extending direction (for example, the column direction) of the vertical signal lines 24, even if the plurality of vertical signal lines 24 are assigned to each of the read circuits 22, one by one. Good.
- the four vertical signal lines 24 are read. One may be assigned to each.
- an identification number (1, 2, 3, 4) is given to the end of the code of each vertical signal line 24.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a part of a cross section corresponding to one shared unit circuit in the image sensor 1 of the present embodiment.
- the image pickup device 1 includes a first substrate 10, a second substrate 20, and a third substrate 30 on which peripheral circuits are formed, which are stacked and electrically connected to each other.
- the peripheral circuit includes a vertical drive circuit 33, a column signal processing circuit 34, a horizontal drive circuit 35, and a logic circuit 32 including a system control circuit 36, and is formed on the third substrate 30.
- some or all of the elements (vertical drive circuit 33, column signal processing circuit 34, horizontal drive circuit 35, system control circuit 36, etc.) included in the peripheral circuit are either the first substrate 10 or the second substrate 20.
- the third substrate 30 includes at least the logic circuit 32.
- the logic circuit 32 corresponds to “a logic circuit formed on the second substrate and processing a signal generated by the first photoelectric conversion element or the second photoelectric conversion element”.
- the third substrate 30 corresponds to the “third substrate” of the present disclosure.
- a surface 501 shown in FIG. 7 is a surface on which the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are bonded together.
- a surface 502 shown in FIG. 7 is a surface on which the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 are bonded together.
- the image pickup device 1 of the present embodiment is a wiring connected to a second element shared by a plurality of first elements formed for each photodiode PD among a plurality of elements formed on the first substrate 10.
- the second wiring which is connected to the first wiring formed on the second substrate 20 by one contact and to which the plurality of first elements are connected is provided.
- the output terminal side (“first element”) of the plurality of transfer transistors TR is compared with the wiring D1 (“first wiring”) formed on the second substrate 20.
- the wiring D1 is also a wiring that is connected to the gate (“second element”) of the amplification transistor AMP shared (commonly connected) by the output terminal sides of the plurality of transfer transistors TR. Details will be described later.
- the first substrate 10 is configured by laminating an insulating layer 240 on the semiconductor substrate 11.
- the first substrate 10 has an insulating layer 240 as a part of the interlayer insulating film 51.
- the insulating layer 240 is provided in a gap between the semiconductor substrate 11 and a semiconductor substrate 303 described later.
- the semiconductor substrate 11 is composed of a silicon substrate.
- the semiconductor substrate 11 has, for example, a P-type semiconductor region 204 (P well) in a part of the surface and in the vicinity thereof, and in other regions (regions deeper than the P-type semiconductor region 204), It has a conductive type (N-type) photodiode PD different from the P-type semiconductor region 204.
- P well P-type semiconductor region 204
- N-type photodiode PD conductive type photodiode
- a plurality of photodiodes PD are formed on the first substrate 10. Further, on the first substrate 10, a plurality of transfer transistors TR corresponding to the plurality of photodiodes PD and one-to-one are formed.
- the photodiode PD is formed of an N-type semiconductor region, and a P-type semiconductor region 202 different from the photodiode PD is formed so as to cover the side surface thereof.
- Each photodiode PD is electrically separated by a pixel separation unit 203 for separating (dividing) pixels.
- the pixel separation unit 203 is made of a metal, an insulating film (eg, SiO 2 or the like), or a combination thereof.
- An insulating film 211 is formed on the lower surface of the photodiode PD so as to cover the first substrate 10.
- the insulating film 211 is formed of, for example, a film having a fixed charge.
- An insulating film may be further formed as the planarizing film 213 between the insulating film 211 and the color filter 212.
- the insulating film 211 is formed of a metal oxide film such as hafnium oxide, tantalum oxide, or aluminum oxide, and the flattening film 213 is formed of an insulating film such as silicon oxide or silicon nitride. Note that the insulating film 211 and the planarization film 213 may each be provided in a plurality of layers.
- An on-chip lens 214 is formed below the color filter 212. The emitted light is collected by the on-chip lens 214, and the collected light is guided to the photodiode PD via the color filter 212.
- an N-type transfer transistor TR is formed on the photodiode PD. More specifically, a P-type semiconductor region 204 (P well) is formed on the photodiode PD in the first substrate 10, and an N-type drain region 221 and an N-type drain region 221 are formed in the vicinity of the surface of the semiconductor region 204. Source region 222 is formed. Then, a gate electrode 223 is formed between the N-type drain region 221 and the N-type source region 222 on the semiconductor region 204. In this example, the gate electrode 223 is connected to the photodiode PD.
- the P-type semiconductor region 202 that covers the side surface of the photodiode PD projects so as to cover a part of the side surface of the semiconductor region 204, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the depth is arbitrary.
- the upper surface of the semiconductor region 202 and the lower surface of the semiconductor region 204 may have the same height.
- the depth of the photodiode PD is also arbitrary, and for example, as shown in FIG. 8, a part of the photodiode PD reaches the same height as the surface of the P-type semiconductor region 204 in which the transfer transistor TR is formed. It may be. In such a case, it is preferable that the P-type semiconductor region is formed on the N-type photodiode PD, but it is not necessary to form the P-type semiconductor region as shown in FIG. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the gate electrode 223 of the transfer transistor TR may be formed on the semiconductor region 204 without being connected to the photodiode PD. That is, the transfer transistor TR may have a form having a planar transfer gate (gate electrode 223).
- each transfer transistor TR is connected to the wiring 301.
- the wiring 301 is made of P-type polysilicon.
- Each transfer transistor TR and the wiring 301 are covered with an insulating layer 240, and a semiconductor substrate 303 is formed on the insulating layer 240.
- the combination of the semiconductor substrate 303 and each element formed on the semiconductor substrate 303 corresponds to the “second substrate” of the present disclosure, and only the semiconductor substrate 303 is disclosed. Can also be considered to correspond to the "second substrate” of.
- a combination of a silicon substrate serving as a base and each element formed on the silicon substrate corresponds to a “first substrate” of the present disclosure, and a silicon substrate. It can also be considered that only corresponds to the “first substrate” of the present disclosure.
- the pixel transistor including at least the amplification transistor AMP is formed on the second substrate 20.
- the semiconductor substrate 303 is a P-type silicon substrate.
- the wiring 301 is connected to the wiring D1 formed on the second substrate 20 via the contact Ct penetrating the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the second substrate 20 is configured by laminating an insulating layer 245 on the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the second substrate 20 has an insulating layer 245 as a part of the interlayer insulating film 51.
- the insulating layer 245 is provided in the gap between the semiconductor substrate 303 and the semiconductor substrate 31 described later.
- the second substrate 20 has one readout circuit 22 for each of the four sensor pixels 12.
- the second substrate 20 has a configuration in which the read circuit 22 is provided on the front surface side (the third substrate 30 side) of the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the second substrate 20 is attached to the first substrate 10 with the back surface of the semiconductor substrate 303 facing the front surface side of the semiconductor substrate 11. That is, the second substrate 20 is bonded to the first substrate 10 face-to-back.
- the second substrate 20 further has an insulating layer 53 penetrating the semiconductor substrate 303 in the same layer as the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the second substrate 20 has an insulating layer 53 as a part of the interlayer insulating film 51.
- the insulating layer 53 is provided so as to cover the side surface of the contact Ct penetrating the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the stacked body including the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 has one contact Ct for each sensor pixel 12.
- the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are electrically connected to each other by a contact Ct.
- the contact Ct is electrically connected to the floating diffusion FD and the wiring D1 described later.
- the laminated body including the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 further has through wirings 47 and 48 (see FIG. 12 described later) provided in the interlayer insulating film 51.
- the laminated body has one through wiring 47 and one through wiring 48 for each sensor pixel 12.
- the through wires 47 and 48 extend in the normal direction of the semiconductor substrate 303 and are provided so as to penetrate the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are electrically connected to each other by through wirings 47 and 48.
- the through wiring 47 is electrically connected to the P-type semiconductor region 204 of the semiconductor substrate 11 and the wiring in the second substrate 20.
- the through wiring 48 is electrically connected to the gate electrode 223 of the transfer transistor TR and the pixel drive line 23.
- the above-mentioned contact Ct penetrates the insulating layer 245 and is connected to the wiring D1 included in the wiring layer 246 formed on the insulating layer 245.
- the wiring layer 246 includes, for example, an insulating layer 247, a plurality of pixel drive lines 23 and a plurality of vertical signal lines 24 provided in the insulating layer 247, and the like.
- the wiring layer 246 further has, for example, a plurality of pad electrodes 58 in the insulating layer 47.
- Each pad electrode 58 is formed of a metal such as Cu (copper) or Al (aluminum). Each pad electrode 58 is exposed on the surface of the wiring layer 246.
- Each pad electrode 58 is used to electrically connect the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 and to bond the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 together.
- one pad electrode 58 is provided for each of the pixel drive line 23 and the vertical signal line 24.
- the total number of the pad electrodes 58 (or the total number of bonds between the pad electrodes 58 and the pad electrodes 64 (described later) is smaller than the total number of the sensor pixels 12 included in the first substrate 10).
- the above-mentioned wiring D1 is connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP via the contact Ct2. Note that a region from the source region 222 to the gate electrode 311 through the wiring 301 and the wiring D1 is a region functioning as the FD described above.
- the wiring 301 aggregates the source regions 222 (on the output terminal side) of the transfer transistors TR of the first substrate 10. Then, the wiring 301 has one contact Ct with respect to the wiring D1 of the second substrate 20 which connects the aggregated source region 222 to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP shared by the source regions 222 of the transfer transistors TR. Connecting. Note that, in this example, the wiring 301 is integrally formed, but the present invention is not limited to this, and wirings formed of different materials may be joined together.
- a wiring that extends in the vertical direction from the source region 222 (output terminal side, FD) of each transfer transistor TR and a common wiring that extends in the horizontal direction are formed of different materials, and they are connected to form the wiring 301. It may be in the form of.
- the source region 222 (on the output terminal side) of the transfer transistor TR corresponds to a “first element” formed for each photodiode PD among a plurality of elements formed on the first substrate 10.
- the gate electrode 311 (gate) of the amplification transistor AMP corresponds to the “second element” to which the plurality of first elements are commonly connected.
- the wiring D1 is a wiring connected to the second element shared by the plurality of first elements, and corresponds to the “first wiring” formed on the second substrate 20.
- the wiring D1 also corresponds to the “second wiring formed on the second substrate 20”.
- the wiring 301 corresponds to the “second wiring” connected to the first wiring with one contact Ct and to which the plurality of first elements are connected.
- the wiring 301 is connected (indirectly connected) to the corresponding photodiode PD via the source region 222 of each transfer transistor TR. That is, it can be considered that the wiring 301 is also a “first wiring formed on the first substrate 10 and connected to the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element”. Note that the “connection” in the present disclosure includes not only the form of direct connection but also the form of indirect connection as described above.
- the wiring 301 is connected to the source region 222 of each transfer transistor TR. That is, it can be considered that the wiring 301 is connected to the first floating diffusion region connected to the first transfer transistor and the second floating diffusion region connected to the second transfer transistor.
- the contact Ct corresponds to “a third wiring that is formed so as to penetrate the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 and that is connected to the first wiring and the second wiring”.
- the third substrate 30 is formed by stacking an interlayer insulating film 61 on the semiconductor substrate 31, for example.
- the semiconductor substrate 31 is composed of a silicon substrate.
- the third substrate 30 has a configuration in which a logic circuit 32 is provided on the surface side of the semiconductor substrate 31.
- the third substrate 30 further has, for example, a wiring layer 62 on the interlayer insulating film 61.
- the wiring layer 62 has, for example, an insulating layer 63 and a plurality of pad electrodes 64 provided in the insulating layer 63.
- the plurality of pad electrodes 64 are electrically connected to the logic circuit 32.
- Each pad electrode 64 is formed of Cu (copper), for example.
- Each pad electrode 64 is exposed on the surface of the wiring layer 62.
- Each pad electrode 64 is used to electrically connect the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 and to bond the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 together. Further, the pad electrode 64 does not necessarily have to be plural, and even one pad electrode 64 can be electrically connected to the logic circuit 32.
- the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 are electrically connected to each other by bonding the pad electrodes 58 and 64 to each other. That is, the gate electrode 223 of the transfer transistor TR is electrically connected to the logic circuit 32 via the above-mentioned contact Ct and the pad electrodes 58 and 64.
- the third substrate 30 is attached to the second substrate 20 with the surface of the semiconductor substrate 31 facing the surface of the semiconductor substrate 303. That is, the third substrate 30 is attached to the second substrate 20 face to face.
- the junction point 503 between the pad electrode 58 of the second substrate 20 and the pad electrode 64 of the third substrate 30 overlaps with the pixel region 13.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and may have a form as shown in FIG. 11, for example.
- the junction point 503 between the pad electrode 58 of the second substrate 20 and the pad electrode 64 of the third substrate 30 overlaps the area outside the pixel area 13. That is, the pad electrode 58 of the second substrate 20 may be arranged outside the pixel region 13 and connected to the pad electrode 64 of the third substrate 30.
- FIG. 12 and 13 show an example of a horizontal sectional configuration of the image sensor 1.
- FIG. 13 are diagrams showing an example of the sectional configuration at the cross section Sec1 of FIG. 7, and the lower diagrams of FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 are the sectional configuration at the cross section Sec2 of FIG. It is a figure showing an example.
- FIG. 12 illustrates a configuration in which two 2 ⁇ 2 four sensor pixels 12 are arranged in the second direction V2, and
- FIG. 13 illustrates four 2 ⁇ 2 four sensor pixels 12.
- a configuration in which they are arranged in the first direction V1 and the second direction V2 is illustrated.
- 12 and 13 the figure showing an example of the surface configuration of the semiconductor substrate 11 is overlapped with the figure showing an example of the sectional configuration at the section Sec1 of FIG.
- FIGS. 12 and 13 a diagram showing an example of the surface configuration of the semiconductor substrate 303 is superimposed on a diagram showing an example of the sectional configuration at the section Sec2 of FIG.
- the plurality of through wirings 54, the plurality of through wirings 48, and the plurality of through wirings 47 are arranged in the first direction V1 (the vertical direction in FIG. 13 are arranged side by side in a strip shape. 12 and 13 exemplify a case where the plurality of through wirings 54, the plurality of through wirings 48, and the plurality of through wirings 47 are arranged side by side in two rows in the first direction V1.
- the first direction V1 is parallel to one of the two arrangement directions (for example, the row direction and the column direction) of the plurality of sensor pixels 12 arranged in a matrix (for example, the column direction).
- the four floating diffusions FD are arranged close to each other, for example, via the pixel separation unit 203.
- the gate electrodes 223 of the four transfer transistors TR are arranged so as to surround the four floating diffusions FD.
- the four gate electrodes 223 form an annular shape. The shape is
- the insulating layer 53 which is present in the portion of the semiconductor substrate 303 where the contact Ct penetrates, is composed of a plurality of blocks extending in the first direction V1.
- the semiconductor substrate 303 includes a plurality of island-shaped blocks 303A extending in the first direction V1 and arranged side by side in the second direction V2 orthogonal to the first direction V1 with the insulating layer 53 interposed therebetween. There is.
- Each block 303A is provided with, for example, a plurality of sets of reset transistors RST, amplification transistors AMP, and selection transistors SEL.
- the one readout circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is composed of, for example, a reset transistor RST, an amplification transistor AMP, and a selection transistor SEL in a region facing the four sensor pixels 12.
- One read circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 includes, for example, an amplification transistor AMP in a block 303A on the left side of the insulating layer 53 and a reset transistor RST in a block 303A on the right side of the insulating layer 53. And a selection transistor SEL.
- FIG. 14, FIG. 15, FIG. 16, and FIG. 17 show an example of the wiring layout in the horizontal plane of the image sensor 1.
- 14 to 17 exemplify a case where one readout circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is provided in a region facing the four sensor pixels 12.
- the wirings shown in FIGS. 14 to 17 are provided in different layers in the wiring layer 246, for example.
- the four contacts Ct adjacent to each other are electrically connected to the wiring D1 as shown in FIG. 14, for example.
- the four contacts Ct adjacent to each other further include, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 14, the gate of the amplification transistor AMP included in the left adjacent block 303A of the insulating layer 53 and the insulating layer via the wiring D1 and the contact Ct2. It is electrically connected to the gate of the reset transistor RST included in the block 303A on the right of 53.
- the power supply line VDD is arranged, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, at a position facing each read circuit 22 arranged side by side in the second direction V2.
- the power supply line VDD is electrically connected to the drain of the amplification transistor AMP and the drain of the reset transistor RST of each read circuit 22 arranged side by side in the second direction V2 via the contact Ct2, as shown in FIG. It is connected to the.
- the two pixel drive lines 23 are arranged at positions facing the respective readout circuits 22 arranged side by side in the second direction V2.
- One pixel drive line 23 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the other pixel drive line 23 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 15, a wiring SELG electrically connected to the gates of the selection transistors SEL of the readout circuits 22 arranged side by side in the second direction V2.
- the source of the amplification transistor AMP and the drain of the selection transistor SEL are electrically connected to each other via a wiring 25, for example, as shown in FIG.
- the two power supply lines VSS are arranged at positions facing the read circuits 22 arranged side by side in the second direction V2.
- each power supply line VSS is electrically connected to the plurality of through wirings 47 at a position facing each sensor pixel 12 arranged side by side in the second direction V2.
- four pixel drive lines 23 are arranged at positions facing the respective readout circuits 22 arranged side by side in the second direction V2.
- Each of the four pixel drive lines 23 is, for example, as shown in FIG. 16, one of the four sensor pixels 12 corresponding to each readout circuit 22 arranged in the second direction V2.
- the wiring TRG is electrically connected to the twelve through wirings 48.
- the four pixel drive lines 23 are electrically connected to the gate electrodes 223 of the transfer transistors TR of the sensor pixels 12 arranged side by side in the second direction V2.
- an identifier (1, 2, 3, 4) is added to the end of each wiring TRG in order to distinguish each wiring TRG.
- the vertical signal line 24 is arranged, for example, as shown in FIG. 17, at a position facing the read circuits 22 arranged side by side in the first direction V1.
- the vertical signal line 24 (output line) is electrically connected to the output terminal (source of the amplification transistor AMP) of each read circuit 22 arranged side by side in the first direction V1, for example, as shown in FIG. ing.
- the semiconductor region and the pixel separating portion 203 are formed in the first substrate 10 which is a silicon substrate, and the photodiode PD and the transfer transistor TR are formed for each pixel.
- an N-type drain region 221 and an N-type source region 222 are formed in the vicinity of the surface of a P-type semiconductor region (P well) 204 partitioned by the pixel separating unit 203.
- the gate electrode 223 is formed between them. More specifically, between the N-type drain region 221 and the N-type source region 222 of the P-type semiconductor region 204, an opening leading to a photodiode PD (not shown in FIG.
- the gate electrode 223 is formed so as to fill the opening.
- the gate electrode 223 is connected to the photodiode PD formed below the semiconductor region 204 (see FIG. 7).
- the region 205 shown in FIG. 7 is a region for one pixel divided by the pixel separation unit 203.
- an electrode 230 for connecting the photodiode PD to a reference potential line to which a reference potential (for example, ground) is supplied is formed on the P-type semiconductor region 204.
- the electrode 230 is formed for each pixel and is connected to a photodiode PD (not shown).
- the transfer transistor TR is an N-channel type MOS transistor, and its drain region 221 is an N-type semiconductor region. Therefore, the drain region 221 of the transfer transistor TR is connected to the P-type semiconductor region 202 that covers the side surface of the photodiode PD.
- the photodiode PD is connected to the reference potential line via the electrode 230. Therefore, the electrode 230 connected to the photodiode PD formed of the N type semiconductor region is formed of P type polysilicon.
- the insulating layer 240 is formed of an oxide film such as SiO 2 .
- the insulating layer 240 is etched to form a wiring 301a for consolidating the source regions 222 of the plurality of transfer transistors TR, and a wiring for consolidating the plurality of electrodes 230.
- a wiring groove 242 for forming 301b is formed.
- wiring 301a and the wiring 301b are not distinguished, they may be simply referred to as "wiring 301".
- the wiring 301a connected to this is formed of P-type polysilicon.
- the electrode 230 is P-type polysilicon, the wiring 301b connected thereto is made of N-type polysilicon.
- the wiring 301a that aggregates the output terminal sides of the plurality of transfer transistors TR is formed of P-type polysilicon. Further, as described above, in this case, the electrode 230 connected to the photodiode PD formed of the N type semiconductor region is formed of P type polysilicon. Therefore, the wiring 301b that aggregates the plurality of electrodes 230 is formed of N-type polysilicon.
- a P-type polysilicon film as a material of the wiring 301a is formed so as to fill the wiring groove 241 formed in FIG. 19, and an N-type polysilicon film as a material of the wiring 301b is formed so as to fill the wiring groove 242.
- Deposit polysilicon is formed.
- the wiring 301a and the wiring 301b are formed by polishing by, for example, CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) (see FIG. 20).
- the source regions 222 of the four transfer transistors TR corresponding to the four photodiodes PD are provided in one-to-one correspondence with the four photodiodes PD.
- the wiring 301a collects, for each of the four photodiodes PD, the source regions 222 of the four transfer transistors TR that correspond to the four photodiodes PD in a one-to-one relationship.
- the wiring 301a is connected to the wiring D1 with one contact Ct in order to connect the aggregated source regions 222 to the wiring D1 of the second substrate 20 connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP shared by them.
- one contact Ct is formed for every four source regions 222.
- the source region 222 of the transfer transistor TR corresponds to the “first element”
- the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP corresponds to the “second element”
- the wiring D1 is the “first wiring”.
- the wiring 301a is formed on the “second wiring” or the “first substrate”, and includes the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element.
- the number of pixels in the aggregation unit by the wiring 301a is not limited to four, and can be arbitrarily changed.
- the wiring 301b is connected to the four photodiodes PD for each of the four photodiodes PD and the four electrodes 230 corresponding to the one-to-one correspondence.
- the wiring 301b collects, for each of the four photodiodes PD, the four electrodes 230 corresponding to the four photodiodes PD in a one-to-one relationship.
- the wiring 301b is connected to the wiring D1 with one contact Ct in order to connect the aggregated electrodes 230 to the wiring D1 of the second substrate 20 connected to the reference potential line shared by them.
- one contact Ct is formed for every four electrodes 230.
- the wiring D1 connected to the reference potential line is a wiring different from the wiring D1 connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP described above (however, both are formed on the insulating layer 245 of the second substrate 20). is there).
- the electrode 230 corresponds to the "first element”
- the reference potential line corresponds to the "second element”
- the wiring D1 corresponds to the "first wiring”
- the wiring 301b is " It corresponds to the "second wiring”.
- the number of pixels in the aggregation unit by the wiring 301b is not limited to four, and can be arbitrarily changed.
- the wiring 301b is connected (indirectly connected) to the corresponding photodiode PD via each electrode 230.
- the wiring 301b corresponds to “a first wiring which is formed over the first substrate and is connected to the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element”. Further, it can be considered that the wiring D1 corresponds to the “second wiring formed on the second substrate”.
- the reference potential line is formed on the second substrate 20, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be formed on another substrate (third substrate 30 or the like), for example. Good.
- the “second element” is not limited to the element formed on the second substrate 20.
- a P-type semiconductor substrate 303 is attached thereon to reduce the thickness.
- a portion of the semiconductor substrate 303 facing the wiring 301 is opened, and a pixel transistor is formed on the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the amplification transistor AMP and the selection transistor SEL are illustrated in the example of FIG. 12, a reset transistor RST (not shown) is also formed on the semiconductor substrate 303.
- an N-type drain region 312 and an N-type source region 313 are formed near the surface of the semiconductor substrate 303.
- the gate electrode 311 is formed between them, and the amplification transistor AMP is formed.
- an N-type drain region 321 and an N-type source region 322 are formed near the surface of the semiconductor substrate 303, a gate electrode 323 is formed between them, and a select transistor SEL is formed. .
- the reset transistor RST (not shown) is also formed in the same manner.
- the insulating layer 245 is formed (formed) so as to cover the openings and the pixel transistors (amplification transistor AMP, selection transistor SEL, etc.) formed as described above.
- contacts Ct and Ct2 for connecting the wiring 301 and each element of the second substrate 20 to the wiring D1 are formed.
- a contact Ct is formed for each of the drain region 312, the wiring 301, and the source region 322 of the selection transistor SEL of the amplification transistor AMP, and a contact Ct2 is formed for the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP.
- an insulating layer is etched to form an opening for forming the contacts Ct and Ct2, and a barrier layer for electrically insulating is formed on the inner surface of the opening. Therefore, a method of filling the material of the contacts Ct and Ct2 can be considered.
- the insulating layer insulating layer that covers the side surface of the contact Ct
- Examples of the material of the contacts Ct and Ct2 include tungsten.
- the barrier layer is made of, for example, Ti, TiN, Ta, TaN or the like.
- the method and material for forming the contacts Ct, Ct2 are not limited to this, and any known technique can be used.
- the wiring D1 to which the contacts Ct and Ct2 are connected is formed on the insulating layer 245.
- the wiring D1 is made of copper (Cu).
- the method and material for forming the wiring D1 are arbitrary, and various known techniques can be used.
- the above-mentioned wiring layer 246 is formed on the insulating layer 245.
- the third substrate 30 on which the peripheral circuits are formed is attached to each other, and the color filter and the on-chip lens for each pixel are formed, whereby the configuration shown in FIG. 7 is obtained.
- the wiring 301 (the wiring 301a or the wiring 301b) is not formed.
- the source region 222 (output terminal side) of each transfer transistor TR is individually connected to the wiring D1 connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP via the contact Ct.
- four contacts Ct corresponding to the source regions 222 of the four transfer transistors TR and one-to-one are connected to the wiring D1 of the second substrate 20 connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP.
- the number of contacts of the wiring D1 increases and the area becomes large. Further, the opening area of the semiconductor substrate 303 through which the contact Ct passes is also increased.
- each electrode 230 is also individually connected to the wiring D1 connected to the reference potential line via the contact Ct. Focusing on one sharing unit, it is necessary to connect the four electrodes 230 and the four contacts Ct corresponding to each other to the wiring D1 of the second substrate 20 connected to the reference potential line. Therefore, the number of contacts of the wiring D1 increases and the area becomes large. Further, the opening area of the semiconductor substrate 303 through which the contact Ct passes is also increased.
- the capacitance (parasitic capacitance) associated with the wiring D1 formed on the second substrate 20 increases, which may affect the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion. For example, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion may decrease.
- the wiring is connected to the second element (the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP or the reference potential line) shared by the plurality of first elements such as the output terminal side of the transfer transistor TR and the electrode 230.
- the wiring 301 connected to the wiring D1 formed on the second substrate 20 by one contact Ct and connected to the plurality of first elements is provided.
- the wiring 301 aggregates a plurality of first elements and connects the wiring D1 connected to the second element shared by the plurality of first elements with one contact Ct. Accordingly, since the number of contacts Ct formed in the wiring D1 for connecting the plurality of first elements in the aggregation unit to the wiring D1 is only one, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced. Therefore, the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the source region 222 (output terminal side) of each transfer transistor TR is set with respect to the wiring D1 formed on the second substrate 20.
- a wiring 301a for connecting with one contact Ct is provided.
- the wiring D1 is a wiring connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP shared by the source regions 222 of the transfer transistors TR.
- the wiring 301b for connecting each electrode 230 to the wiring D1 formed on the second substrate 20 by one contact Ct is also provided.
- the wiring D1 is a wiring connected to a reference potential line to which each electrode 230 is commonly connected.
- FIG. 28 is a schematic plan view of the first substrate 10 of this embodiment.
- Each of the plurality of regions 250 partitioned by the pixel separating unit 203 is a region corresponding to one pixel.
- a region 260 shown in FIG. 28 is a set of connection points 261 of the source region 222 and the wiring 301a for each of the four photodiodes PD, which are a unit for sharing a pixel transistor, and the four transfer transistors TR corresponding to each other one by one.
- a set of connection points 271 of the electrodes 230 and the wirings 301b is set for each of the four electrodes 230 corresponding to the four photodiodes PD serving as a unit for sharing the reference potential line. Indicates.
- FIG. 29 is a schematic plan view of the second substrate 20 of this embodiment.
- the pixel transistors shared by the four photodiodes PD are formed on the second substrate 20 for each of the four photodiodes PD.
- a region 280 shown in FIG. 29 shows a region where the gate electrode of the pixel transistor of one shared unit circuit is formed. More specifically, the region where the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP, the gate electrode 323 of the selection transistor SEL, and the gate electrode 333 of the reset transistor RST are formed is shown.
- FIG. 30 is a schematic plan view of a state in which the second substrate 20 and the first substrate 10 are overlapped with each other in the present embodiment.
- the wiring 301a includes four photodiodes PD included in the four photodiodes PD and four transfer transistors TR corresponding to each other in one-to-one correspondence with each other.
- the source region 222 is connected.
- the wiring 301a is connected to the wiring D1 (not shown) connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP shared by the four source regions 222 by one contact Ct.
- the wiring 301a aggregates the source regions 222 of the four transfer transistors TR, which correspond to the four photodiodes PD in one-to-one correspondence with respect to the four photodiodes PD. Then, one contact Ct is connected to the wiring D1 connected to the gate electrode of the amplification transistor AMP shared by them.
- the number of contacts formed on the wiring D1 for connecting the source regions 222 of the four transfer transistors TR corresponding to the four photodiodes PD of the aggregation unit and the one-to-one correspondence to each other is one. .
- the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced. Therefore, the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the wiring 301b is connected to four photodiodes PD included in the set and four electrodes 230 corresponding to each other for each set of the four photodiodes PD.
- the wiring 301b is connected to the wiring D1 (not shown) connected to the reference potential line shared by the four electrodes 230 with one contact Ct. That is, the wiring 301b aggregates four electrodes 230 corresponding to the four photodiodes PD for each of the four photodiodes PD, and with respect to the wiring D1 connected to the reference potential line shared by the four electrodes 230, They are connected by one contact Ct.
- the wiring 301 (the wiring 301a or the wiring 301b) has a structure in which a plurality of first elements are aggregated and the wiring D1 which is connected to the second element shared by the plurality of first elements is 1 It is connected by two contacts Ct.
- the number of contacts Ct is not limited to this, and may be two or more.
- the wiring 301 need only have a form in which it is connected to the wiring D1 by a number of contacts Ct that is smaller than the number of aggregation units, and in such a form, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced.
- the four pixels that are the unit of aggregation by the wiring 301a and the four pixels that are the unit of aggregation by the wiring 301b do not completely match, but a part of them (two pixels in this example). Pixels) are overlapped, but not limited to this.
- the first substrate 10 on which the photodiode PD is formed and the second substrate 20 on which the pixel transistor is formed are separately laminated, so that the area of the substrate (planar space) is reduced. It becomes possible to do. More specifically, by dividing the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, the area of each of the photodiode PD and the pixel transistor can be increased as compared with the configuration in which the photodiode PD and the pixel transistor are provided on the same substrate. . Thereby, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved and the transistor noise can be reduced.
- the number of pixels per unit area can be increased as compared with the configuration in which the photodiode PD and the pixel transistor are provided on the same substrate, so that the resolution is improved. Can be made.
- the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20 are connected in the pixel region 13 using the through electrodes (contacts Ct and the through wirings 47 and 48),
- the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 are joined using the pad electrodes 58 and 64.
- the area required for inter-board connection can be smaller than in the configuration in which each substrate is connected by providing a through connection via (TSV (Thorough Si Via)) in the peripheral area around the pixel area 13.
- TSV Thirough Si Via
- the pixel region 13 can be expanded even with the same chip area. It should be noted that if all the connections between the substrates can be completed within the pixel region, it is further effective.
- the wiring 301 (wiring 301a or wiring 301b) is provided on the light incident surface side of the second substrate 20 (lower layer of the second substrate 20 in this example) (see, for example, FIG. 17). Accordingly, the size of the opening formed in the region of the semiconductor substrate 303 of the second substrate 20 facing the wiring 301 is sufficient to allow one contact Ct to pass therethrough. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the opening formed in the semiconductor substrate 303 can be made small.
- the output terminal side of the transfer transistor TR and the electrode 230 are taken as an example of the “first element”, and the gate electrode of the amplification transistor AMP is taken as an example of the “second element”.
- 311 and the reference potential line are given as examples, but the present invention is not limited to these.
- the first element is an element formed for each photodiode PD among the plurality of elements formed on the first substrate 10, and the second element is formed on the second substrate 20. Of the elements, any element may be shared by the plurality of first elements.
- the wirings 301a and the wirings 301b have a layout in which they are alternately arranged in the vertical direction (see FIG. 30), but the layout of the wirings 301 is not limited to this, and may be arbitrary according to design conditions or the like. Can be changed to.
- the wiring 301a and the wiring 301b may have a layout in which they are alternately arranged in the horizontal direction.
- FIG. 32 is a schematic plan view of the first substrate 10 in this case
- FIG. 33 is a schematic plan view of the second substrate 20 in this case. 32 and 33, elements common to the above-described embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals.
- Second Embodiment> (Example of image sensor configuration) Next, an example of the configuration of the image sensor according to the second embodiment will be described. Since the basic configuration of the image sensor according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the image sensor 1 according to the above-described first embodiment, only differences from the above-described first embodiment will be described. The configuration other than the difference is the same as that of the first embodiment described above.
- the transfer transistor TR is composed of an N-channel type MOS transistor, but in the present embodiment, the transfer transistor TR is a P-channel type MOS transistor (an example of a P-type transistor). Composed. Therefore, the semiconductor region 204 formed on the photodiode PD becomes an N-type semiconductor region, and the drain region 221 and the source region 222 of the transfer transistor TR formed near the surface of the semiconductor region 204 are P-type semiconductor regions. Becomes Therefore, the wiring 301a that aggregates the source regions 222 of the transfer transistors TR is formed of N-type polysilicon.
- the wiring 301a for connecting the output terminal sides of the plurality of transfer transistors TR to the wiring D1 with one contact is formed of N-type polysilicon. To be done.
- the N-type drain region 221 of the transfer transistor TR is connected to the P-type semiconductor region covering the side surface of the photodiode PD, the photodiode PD is connected to the electrode 230. Therefore, in this example, since the electrode 230 is formed of N-type polysilicon, the wiring 301b that aggregates the electrodes 230 is formed of P-type polysilicon.
- the electrode 230 connected to the photodiode PD is formed of N-type polysilicon
- the wiring 301b for connecting the plurality of electrodes 230 to the wiring D1 by one contact is P
- the mold is formed of polysilicon.
- the same effect as that of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in order to connect the plurality of first elements (the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit) such as the output terminal side of the transfer transistor TR formed on the first substrate 10 and the electrode 230 to the wiring D1, the wiring D1 is connected to the wiring D1. Only one contact Ct needs to be formed. Therefore, since the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced, the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced. Thereby, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the wiring (the wiring 301a or the wiring 301b) is formed of polysilicon, but not limited to this, the wiring 301 may be formed to include tungsten (W), for example. .
- W tungsten
- the resistance of the wiring 301 can be reduced as compared with the case where the wiring 301 is formed of polysilicon.
- the same effect as that of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in order to connect the plurality of first elements (the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit) such as the output terminal side of the transfer transistor TR formed on the first substrate 10 and the electrode 230 to the wiring D1, the wiring D1 is connected to the wiring D1. Only one contact Ct needs to be formed. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced. Thereby, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the plurality of first elements the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit
- the wiring D1 is connected to the wiring D1. Only one contact Ct needs to be formed. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced. Thereby, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the wiring 301a and the wiring 301b are arranged in the opening formed in the second substrate 20 (semiconductor substrate 303).
- the opening formed in the second substrate 20 means the first semiconductor region of the second substrate 20 (for example, the region where the amplification transistor AMP is formed) and the second semiconductor region of the second substrate 20. This corresponds to the inside of the insulating film 230 (for example, the region where the selection transistor SEL is formed) (the insulating region).
- the same effect as that of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in order to connect the plurality of first elements (the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit) such as the output terminal side of the transfer transistor TR formed on the first substrate 10 and the electrode 230 to the wiring D1, the wiring D1 is connected to the wiring D1. Only one contact Ct needs to be formed. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced. Thereby, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the plurality of first elements the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit
- the wiring D1 is connected to the wiring D1. Only one contact Ct needs to be formed. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced. Thereby, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the wiring 301a may be arranged in an opening formed in the second substrate 20
- the transfer transistor TR may be a P-type transistor
- the wiring 301a may be formed of N-type polysilicon.
- the wiring 301b is arranged in the opening formed in the second substrate 20
- the electrode 230 connected to the photodiode PD is made of N-type polysilicon
- the wiring 301b is made of P-type polysilicon. May be.
- the wiring 301 (the wiring 301a or the wiring 301b) is arranged in the opening formed in the second substrate 20, and the wiring 301 may be formed to contain tungsten (W).
- the wiring 301 (the wiring 301a or the wiring 301b) is arranged between the second element (the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP or the reference potential line) and the wiring D1.
- the wiring 301a is arranged between the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP formed on the second substrate 20 and the wiring D1.
- the same effect as that of the above-described first embodiment can be obtained. That is, in order to connect the plurality of first elements (the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit) such as the output terminal side of the transfer transistor TR formed on the first substrate 10 and the electrode 230 to the wiring D1, the wiring D1 is connected to the wiring D1. Only one contact Ct needs to be formed. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced. Thereby, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the plurality of first elements the plurality of first elements of the aggregation unit
- the wiring D1 is connected to the wiring D1. Only one contact Ct needs to be formed. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 can be reduced, so that the capacitance associated with the wiring D1 can be reduced. Thereby, the conversion efficiency of photoelectric conversion can be improved.
- the wiring 301a is arranged in the opening formed in the second substrate 20, is arranged between the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP and the wiring D1, the transfer transistor TR is a P-type transistor, and the wiring 301a is N.
- the mold may be formed of polysilicon.
- the wiring 301b is arranged between the reference potential line and the wiring D1, the electrode 230 connected to the photodiode PD is made of N-type polysilicon, and the wiring 301b is made of P-type polysilicon. May be.
- the wiring 301a may be provided between the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP and the wiring D1, and the wiring 301a may be formed to include tungsten (W).
- the wiring 301b may be arranged between the reference potential line and the wiring D1, and the wiring 301b may be formed to include tungsten (W).
- each electrode 230 is connected to the wiring D1 via an individual contact.
- the wiring D1 is also connected.
- the number of the contacts Ct formed in 1 is sufficient. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 connected to the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP can be reduced.
- each transfer transistor TR is connected to the wiring D1 via individual contacts.
- the number of contacts Ct formed on the wiring D1 for commonly connecting the plurality of electrodes 230 formed on the first substrate 10 to the wiring D1 (wiring D1 connected to the reference potential line) is One is enough. Therefore, the number of contacts and the area of the wiring D1 connected to the reference potential line can be reduced.
- the above-mentioned wiring 301a may be provided and the above-mentioned wiring 301b may not be provided.
- the above-mentioned wiring 301b may be provided and the above-mentioned wiring 301a may not be provided.
- the present embodiment can also be applied to the above-described second embodiment, in which the transfer transistor TR is a P-type transistor and the wiring 301a may be formed of N-type polysilicon.
- the electrode 230 connected to the photodiode PD may be made of N-type polysilicon, and the wiring 301b may be made of P-type polysilicon.
- wiring 301 may be formed to include tungsten (W).
- the present embodiment can also be applied to the above-mentioned fourth embodiment.
- the wiring 301a may be arranged in the opening formed in the second substrate 20.
- the wiring 301b may be arranged in the opening formed in the second substrate 20.
- the wiring 301a may be provided but the wiring 301b may not be provided, and the wiring 301a may be arranged between the gate electrode 311 of the amplification transistor AMP and the wiring D1. Further, for example, the wiring 301b may be provided and the wiring 301a may not be provided, and the wiring 301b may be arranged between the reference potential line and the wiring D1.
- the present embodiment can be applied to each of the above-described second to fifth embodiments.
- FIG. 38 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a camera 1000 which is an example of an electronic device to which the image sensor of the present disclosure is applied.
- the camera 1000 is an example of a video camera capable of shooting a still image or a moving image.
- the camera 1000 includes at least a lens group 1011, an image sensor 1012, and a DSP circuit 1013.
- the lens group 1011 captures incident light (image light) from a subject and guides it to the image sensor 1012.
- the lens group 1011 corresponds to an example of “optical system” for guiding incident light to the image sensor.
- the image sensor 1012 converts incident light into an electric signal on a pixel-by-pixel basis and supplies the electric signal to the DSP circuit 1013 as a pixel signal.
- the image sensor 1012 any of the image sensors of the above-described embodiments is applied.
- the DSP circuit 1013 performs predetermined image processing on the pixel signals supplied from the image sensor 1012, and outputs a set of processed pixel signals of pixel units (a set of pixel signals for one frame) as a video signal.
- the DSP circuit 1013 corresponds to an example of a “processing unit” that processes a signal output from the image sensor.
- the video signal output from the DSP circuit 1013 is temporarily stored in a frame memory or the like and then recorded in a recording medium such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disk) or a flash memory. Alternatively, it is displayed on a display device such as a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) panel.
- a display device such as a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) panel.
- the number of pixels in the sharing unit is four, but the number of pixels in the sharing unit is not limited to this, and can be arbitrarily changed.
- the number of pixels in the sharing unit may be two. That is, the second substrate 20 may have a form in which the readout circuit 22 is provided for each of the two sensor pixels 12.
- FIG. 39 shows a modification of the sensor pixel 12 and the readout circuit 22 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 40 shows a modification of the sensor pixel 12 and the readout circuit 22 shown in FIG.
- the number of pixels in the sharing unit may be one. That is, the second substrate 20 may have a form in which the readout circuit 22 is provided for each of the two sensor pixels 12.
- FIG. 41 shows a modification of the sensor pixel 12 and the readout circuit 22 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 42 shows a modification of the sensor pixel 12 and the readout circuit 22 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 43 shows a modification of the vertical sectional configuration of the image sensor 1.
- the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 are electrically connected to each other in a region of the first substrate 10 facing the peripheral region 14.
- the peripheral region 14 corresponds to the frame region of the first substrate 10 and is provided on the periphery of the pixel region 13.
- the second substrate 20 has a plurality of pad electrodes 58 in a region facing the peripheral region 14, and the third substrate 30 has a plurality of pad electrodes 58 in a region facing the peripheral region 14. 64.
- the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 are electrically connected to each other by bonding the pad electrodes 58 and 64 provided in the region facing the peripheral region 14 to each other.
- the second substrate 20 and the third substrate 30 are electrically connected to each other by the bonding of the pad electrodes 58 and 64 provided in the region facing the peripheral region 14.
- the pad electrodes 58 and 64 are bonded to each other in the region facing the pixel region 13. Therefore, it is possible to provide the image pickup device 1 having a three-layer structure, which has the same chip size as before and does not hinder the miniaturization of the area per pixel.
- [Modification C] 44 and 45 show a modification of the horizontal cross-sectional configuration of the image sensor 1.
- the upper drawings of FIGS. 44 and 45 show a modified example of the cross-sectional structure at the cross section Sec1 of FIG. 7, and the lower drawings of FIG. 23 show a modified example of the cross-sectional structure at the cross section Sec2 of FIG. is there.
- a diagram illustrating a modification of the cross-sectional structure at the cross section Sec1 in FIG. 7 is overlapped with a diagram illustrating a modification of the surface structure of the semiconductor substrate 11 in FIG. 7.
- the insulating layer 240 is omitted.
- a view showing a modification of the cross-sectional configuration at the cross section Sec2 of FIG. 7 is overlapped with a view showing a modification of the surface configuration of the semiconductor substrate 303. There is.
- the plurality of contacts Ct, the plurality of through wirings 47, and the plurality of through wirings 48 are in the plane of the first substrate 10.
- the first direction V1 the left-right direction in FIGS. 44 and 45
- they are arranged side by side in a strip shape.
- FIGS. 44 and 45 exemplify a case where the plurality of contacts Ct, the plurality of through wirings 47, and the plurality of through wirings 48 are arranged side by side in two rows in the first direction V1.
- the four floating diffusions FD are arranged close to each other, for example, with the element isolation section 43 interposed therebetween.
- the four transfer gates TG (TG1, TG2, TG3, TG4) are arranged so as to surround the four floating diffusions FD, and for example, the four transfer gates TG. Has become a ring shape.
- the insulating layer 53 is composed of a plurality of blocks extending in the first direction V1.
- the semiconductor substrate 303 includes a plurality of island-shaped blocks 303A that extend in the first direction V1 and are arranged side by side in the second direction V2 that is orthogonal to the first direction V1 with the insulating layer 53 interposed therebetween.
- Each block 303A is provided with, for example, a reset transistor RST, an amplification transistor AMP, and a selection transistor SEL.
- the one readout circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is not arranged, for example, directly facing the four sensor pixels 12, but is arranged so as to be displaced in the second direction V2.
- one read circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is a reset transistor located in a region of the second substrate 20 that is opposed to the four sensor pixels 12 in the second direction V2. It is composed of an RST, an amplification transistor AMP and a selection transistor SEL.
- the one readout circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is composed of, for example, the amplification transistor AMP, the reset transistor RST, and the selection transistor SEL in one block 303A.
- one readout circuit 22 shared by four sensor pixels 12 is a reset transistor in a region of the second substrate 20 which is opposed to the four sensor pixels 12 in the second direction V2.
- One readout circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is configured by, for example, an amplification transistor AMP, a reset transistor RST, a selection transistor SEL, and an FD transfer transistor FDG in one block 303A.
- the one readout circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is not arranged, for example, directly facing the four sensor pixels 12, but from the position directly facing the four sensor pixels 12 to the second position. They are arranged so as to be displaced in the direction V2.
- the wiring 25 can be shortened, or the wiring 25 can be omitted and the source of the amplification transistor AMP and the drain of the selection transistor SEL can be formed by a common impurity region. .
- FIG. 46 shows a modification of the horizontal sectional structure of the image pickup device 1.
- FIG. 46 shows a modification of the sectional configuration of FIG.
- the semiconductor substrate 303 is composed of a plurality of island-shaped blocks 303A arranged side by side in the first direction V1 and the second direction V2 with the insulating layer 53 interposed therebetween.
- Each block 303A is provided with, for example, a set of reset transistor RST, amplification transistor AMP, and selection transistor SEL.
- RST reset transistor
- AMP amplification transistor
- SEL selection transistor
- the one readout circuit 22 shared by the four sensor pixels 12 is not arranged, for example, directly facing the four sensor pixels 12, but is arranged so as to be displaced in the first direction V1.
- the semiconductor substrate 303 is composed of a plurality of island-shaped blocks 303A arranged side by side in the first direction V1 and the second direction V2 with the insulating layer 53 interposed therebetween. There is.
- Each block 303A is provided with, for example, a set of reset transistor RST, amplification transistor AMP, and selection transistor SEL.
- the plurality of through wirings 47 and the plurality of contacts Ct are also arranged in the second direction V2.
- the plurality of through wirings 47 share four contacts Ct that share a certain read circuit 22, and four through wiring contacts that share another read circuit 22 adjacent to the read circuit 22 in the second direction V2. It is located between Ct and Ct.
- the crosstalk between the read circuits 22 adjacent to each other can be suppressed by the insulating layer 53 and the through wiring 47, and the deterioration of the resolution on the reproduced image and the deterioration of the image quality due to the color mixture can be suppressed.
- FIG. 48 shows an example of a horizontal sectional configuration of the image pickup device 1.
- FIG. 48 shows a modification of the sectional configuration of FIG.
- the first substrate 10 has the photodiode PD and the transfer transistor TR for each sensor pixel 12, and the floating diffusion FD is shared by each of the four sensor pixels 12. Therefore, in this modification, one contact Ct is provided for each of the four sensor pixels 12.
- the unit area corresponding to four sensor pixels 12 sharing one floating diffusion FD is obtained by shifting one sensor pixel 12 in the first direction V1.
- the four sensor pixels 12 corresponding to the area will be referred to as four sensor pixels 12A.
- the first substrate 10 shares the through wiring 47 for each of the four sensor pixels 12A. Therefore, in this modification, one through wiring 47 is provided for each of the four sensor pixels 12A.
- the first substrate 10 has a pixel separation unit 203 that separates the photodiode PD and the transfer transistor TR for each sensor pixel 12.
- the element isolation part 43 does not completely surround the sensor pixel 12 when viewed in the normal direction of the semiconductor substrate 11, and a gap (near the floating diffusion FD (through wiring 54) and near the through wiring 47 is formed). (Unformed area). The gap enables the four sensor pixels 12 to share one through wiring 54 and the four sensor pixels 12A to share one through wiring 47.
- the second substrate 20 has the readout circuit 22 for each of the four sensor pixels 12 that share the floating diffusion FD.
- FIG. 49 shows an example of a horizontal sectional configuration of the image sensor 1 according to the present modification.
- FIG. 49 shows a modification of the sectional configuration of FIG. 46.
- the first substrate 10 has the photodiode PD and the transfer transistor TR for each sensor pixel 12, and the floating diffusion FD is shared by each of the four sensor pixels 12. Further, the first substrate 10 has a pixel separation unit 203 that separates the photodiode PD and the transfer transistor TR for each sensor pixel 12.
- FIG. 50 shows an example of a horizontal sectional configuration of the image sensor 1 according to the present modification.
- FIG. 50 shows a modification of the sectional configuration of FIG. 47.
- the first substrate 10 has the photodiode PD and the transfer transistor TR for each sensor pixel 12, and the floating diffusion FD is shared by each of the four sensor pixels 12. Further, the first substrate 10 has a pixel separation unit 203 that separates the photodiode PD and the transfer transistor TR for each sensor pixel 12.
- FIG. 51 illustrates an example of a circuit configuration of the image sensor 1 according to the modification.
- the image sensor 1 according to the present modification is a CMOS image sensor equipped with a column parallel ADC.
- the image sensor 1 in addition to the pixel region 13 in which a plurality of sensor pixels 12 including photoelectric conversion elements are two-dimensionally arranged in a matrix (matrix), vertical driving is performed.
- the circuit 33, the column signal processing circuit 34, the reference voltage supply unit 38, the horizontal drive circuit 35, the horizontal output line 37, and the system control circuit 36 are provided.
- the system control circuit 36 uses the master clock MCK as a reference clock signal or control for operations of the vertical drive circuit 33, the column signal processing circuit 34, the reference voltage supply unit 38, the horizontal drive circuit 35, and the like.
- a signal or the like is generated and given to the vertical drive circuit 33, the column signal processing circuit 34, the reference voltage supply unit 38, the horizontal drive circuit 35, and the like.
- the vertical drive circuit 33 is also formed on the first substrate 10 together with each sensor pixel 12 in the pixel region 13, and is also formed on the second substrate 20 on which the readout circuit 22 is formed.
- the column signal processing circuit 34, the reference voltage supply unit 38, the horizontal drive circuit 35, the horizontal output line 37, and the system control circuit 36 are formed on the third substrate 30.
- the sensor pixel 12 has, for example, a configuration in which, in addition to the photodiode PD, a transfer transistor TR that transfers charges obtained by photoelectric conversion by the photodiode PD to the floating diffusion FD is provided. Can be used.
- the read circuit 22 includes, for example, a reset transistor RST that controls the potential of the floating diffusion FD, an amplification transistor AMP that outputs a signal corresponding to the potential of the floating diffusion FD, and a pixel selection circuit.
- a three-transistor having a selection transistor SEL for performing the above can be used.
- the sensor pixels 12 are two-dimensionally arranged, and the pixel drive lines 23 are arranged for each row and the vertical signal lines 24 are arranged for each column with respect to the pixel arrangement of m rows and n columns. There is.
- One end of each of the plurality of pixel drive lines 23 is connected to each output end corresponding to each row of the vertical drive circuit 33.
- the vertical drive circuit 33 is configured by a shift register or the like, and controls the row address and the row scan of the pixel region 13 via the plurality of pixel drive lines 23.
- the column signal processing circuit 34 has, for example, ADCs (analog-digital conversion circuits) 34-1 to 34-m provided for each pixel column of the pixel region 13, that is, for each vertical signal line 24, and the column signal processing circuit 34 The analog signal output from each sensor pixel 12 for each column is converted into a digital signal and output.
- ADCs analog-digital conversion circuits
- the reference voltage supply unit 38 has, for example, a DAC (digital-analog conversion circuit) 38A as a means for generating a reference voltage Vref having a so-called ramp (RAMP) waveform, the level of which changes in an inclined manner as time passes. There is.
- the means for generating the reference voltage Vref having the ramp waveform is not limited to the DAC 38A.
- the DAC 38A under the control of the control signal CS1 given from the system control circuit 36, generates the reference voltage Vref of the ramp waveform based on the clock CK given from the system control circuit 36 to generate the ADC 34-1 of the column processing unit 15. Supply for ⁇ 34-m.
- each of the ADCs 34-1 to 34-m has an exposure time of 1 / N of the sensor pixel 12 as compared to the normal frame rate mode in the progressive scanning method for reading out all the information of the sensor pixel 12 and the normal frame rate mode. Is set so that the AD conversion operation corresponding to each operation mode such as the high-speed frame rate mode for increasing the frame rate N times, for example, twice, can be selectively performed.
- the switching of the operation mode is executed by the control by the control signals CS2 and CS3 provided from the system control circuit 36. Further, the system control circuit 36 is provided with instruction information for switching between the normal frame rate mode and each operation mode of the high frame rate mode from an external system controller (not shown).
- the ADCs 34-1 to 34-m have the same configuration, and the ADC 34-m will be described as an example here.
- the ADC 34-m includes a comparator 34A, a counting unit such as an up / down counter (denoted as U / DCNT in the drawing) 34B, a transfer switch 34C, and a memory device 34D.
- the comparator 34A includes a signal voltage Vx of the vertical signal line 24 corresponding to a signal output from each sensor pixel 12 in the nth column of the pixel region 13, and a reference voltage Vref of a ramp waveform supplied from the reference voltage supply unit 38. And the output voltage Vco becomes "H” level when the reference voltage Vref is higher than the signal voltage Vx, and the output voltage Vco becomes “L” level when the reference voltage Vref is equal to or lower than the signal voltage Vx. .
- the up / down counter 34B is an asynchronous counter, and under the control of the control signal CS2 given from the system control circuit 36, the system control circuit 36 gives the clock CK at the same time as the DAC 18A, and the down (in synchronization with the clock CK) By performing the DOWN) count or the UP (UP) count, the comparison period from the start of the comparison operation in the comparator 34A to the end of the comparison operation is measured.
- the comparison time at the first read time is measured by down-counting at the first read operation, and the second read operation is performed.
- the comparison time at the second reading is measured by counting up at the time of the reading operation.
- the count result for the sensor pixel 12 in a certain row is held as it is, and then the sensor pixel 12 in the next row is down-counted at the first read operation from the previous count result.
- the comparison time at the time of the first read is measured, and by counting at the time of the second read operation, the comparison time at the time of the second read is measured.
- the transfer switch 34C is turned on when the count operation of the up / down counter 34B for the sensor pixel 12 in a certain row is completed in the normal frame rate mode ( In the closed state, the count result of the up / down counter 34B is transferred to the memory device 34D.
- the analog signal supplied from each sensor pixel 12 in the pixel region 13 via the vertical signal line 24 for each column is supplied to the comparator 34A and the up / down counter 34B in the ADCs 34-1 to 34-m. By each operation, it is converted into an N-bit digital signal and stored in the memory device 34D.
- the horizontal drive circuit 35 is composed of a shift register or the like, and controls the column address and column scan of the ADCs 34-1 to 34-m in the column signal processing circuit 34. Under the control of the horizontal drive circuit 35, the N-bit digital signal AD-converted by each of the ADCs 34-1 to 34-m is sequentially read out to the horizontal output line 37, and passes through the horizontal output line 37. It is output as imaging data.
- a circuit or the like for performing various kinds of signal processing on the image pickup data output via the horizontal output line 37 may be provided in addition to the above-described constituent elements. Is.
- the count result of the up / down counter 34B can be selectively transferred to the memory device 34D via the transfer switch 34C. It is possible to independently control the count operation of the down counter 34B and the read operation of the count result of the up / down counter 34B to the horizontal output line 37.
- FIG. 52 shows an example in which the image pickup device 1 of FIG. 51 is formed by stacking three substrates (first substrate 10, second substrate 20, third substrate 30).
- a pixel region 13 including a plurality of sensor pixels 12 is formed in the central portion of the first substrate 10, and a vertical drive circuit 33 is formed around the pixel region 13.
- a read circuit area 15 including a plurality of read circuits 22 is formed in the central portion of the second substrate 20, and a vertical drive circuit 33 is formed around the read circuit area 15.
- a column signal processing circuit 34, a horizontal drive circuit 35, a system control circuit 36, a horizontal output line 37, and a reference voltage supply unit 38 are formed on the third substrate 30.
- the structure in which the substrates are electrically connected to each other increases the chip size and hinders the miniaturization of the area per pixel. There is no. As a result, it is possible to provide the image pickup device 1 having the same chip size as before and having a three-layer structure that does not hinder the miniaturization of the area per pixel.
- the vertical drive circuit 33 may be formed only on the first substrate 10 or only on the second substrate 20.
- FIG. 53 shows a modification of the sectional configuration of the image sensor 1 according to the modification.
- the image sensor 1 is configured by stacking three substrates (first substrate 10, second substrate 20, third substrate 30).
- the image pickup device 1 may be configured by stacking two substrates (first substrate 10 and second substrate 20).
- the logic circuit 32 is formed separately on the first substrate 10 and the second substrate 20, as shown in FIG. 53, for example.
- a high dielectric constant film made of a material (for example, high-k) that can withstand a high temperature process and a metal gate electrode are laminated.
- a transistor having a gate structure is provided.
- a silicide formed by using a salicide (Self Aligned Silicide) process such as CoSi 2 or NiSi is formed on the surface of the impurity diffusion region in contact with the source electrode and the drain electrode.
- the low resistance region 26 is formed.
- the low resistance region made of silicide is formed of a compound of the material of the semiconductor substrate and a metal. This allows a high temperature process such as thermal oxidation to be used when forming the sensor pixel 12.
- the circuit 32B provided on the second substrate 20 side of the logic circuit 32 when the low resistance region 26 made of silicide is provided on the surface of the impurity diffusion region in contact with the source electrode and the drain electrode, contact is made.
- the resistance can be reduced.
- the calculation speed in the logic circuit 32 can be increased.
- FIG. 54 shows a modification of the sectional configuration of the image sensor 1 according to the first embodiment and the modification thereof.
- a salicide (Self Aligned Silicide) process such as CoSi 2 or NiSi is formed on the surface of the impurity diffusion region in contact with the source electrode and the drain electrode.
- the low resistance region 37 made of silicide may be formed. This allows a high temperature process such as thermal oxidation to be used when forming the sensor pixel 12.
- the contact resistance can be reduced. As a result, the calculation speed in the logic circuit 32 can be increased.
- FIG. 55 shows an example of a schematic configuration of an image pickup system 2 including the image pickup device 1.
- the imaging system 2 is, for example, an imaging device such as a digital still camera or a video camera, or an electronic device such as a mobile terminal device such as a smartphone or a tablet type terminal.
- the imaging system 2 includes, for example, the imaging device 1, the DSP circuit 141, the frame memory 142, the display unit 143, the storage unit 144, the operation unit 145, and the power supply unit 146.
- the imaging device 1, the DSP circuit 141, the frame memory 142, the display unit 143, the storage unit 144, the operation unit 145, and the power supply unit 146 are connected to each other via a bus line 147.
- the image sensor 1 outputs image data according to incident light.
- the DSP circuit 141 is a signal processing circuit that processes a signal (image data) output from the image sensor 1.
- the frame memory 142 temporarily holds the image data processed by the DSP circuit 141 in frame units.
- the display unit 143 is composed of, for example, a panel-type display device such as a liquid crystal panel or an organic EL (Electro Luminescence) panel, and displays a moving image or a still image captured by the image sensor 1.
- the storage unit 144 records image data of a moving image or a still image captured by the image sensor 1 in a recording medium such as a semiconductor memory or a hard disk.
- the operation unit 145 issues operation commands for various functions of the imaging system 2 according to an operation by the user.
- the power supply unit 146 appropriately supplies various power supplies serving as operating power supplies of the image pickup device 1, the DSP circuit 141, the frame memory 142, the display unit 143, the storage unit 144, and the operation unit 145 to these supply targets
- FIG. 56 shows an example of a flowchart of the imaging operation in the imaging system 2.
- the user operates the operation unit 145 to give an instruction to start imaging (step S101). Then, the operation unit 145 transmits an imaging command to the image sensor 1 (step S102).
- the image pickup device 1 specifically, the system control circuit 36
- the image pickup device 1 executes image pickup by a predetermined image pickup method (step S103).
- the image pickup device 1 outputs the image data obtained by the image pickup to the DSP circuit 141.
- the image data is data for all pixels of the pixel signal generated based on the electric charge temporarily held in the floating diffusion FD.
- the DSP circuit 141 performs predetermined signal processing (for example, noise reduction processing) based on the image data input from the image sensor 1 (step S104).
- the DSP circuit 141 causes the frame memory 142 to hold the image data subjected to the predetermined signal processing, and the frame memory 142 causes the storage unit 144 to store the image data (step S105). In this way, the image pickup by the image pickup system 2 is performed.
- the image pickup device 1 is applied to the image pickup system 2.
- the image pickup device 1 can be downsized or high-definition, and thus a small or high-definition image pickup system 2 can be provided.
- the technology according to the present disclosure (this technology) can be applied to various products.
- the technology according to the present disclosure is realized as a device mounted on any type of moving body such as an automobile, an electric vehicle, a hybrid electric vehicle, a motorcycle, a bicycle, a personal mobility, an airplane, a drone, a ship, and a robot. May be.
- FIG. 57 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration example of a vehicle control system that is an example of a mobile body control system to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a plurality of electronic control units connected via a communication network 12001.
- the vehicle control system 12000 includes a drive system control unit 12010, a body system control unit 12020, a vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030, a vehicle interior information detection unit 12040, and an integrated control unit 12050.
- a microcomputer 12051, an audio / video output unit 12052, and an in-vehicle network I / F (interface) 12053 are illustrated as a functional configuration of the integrated control unit 12050.
- the drive system control unit 12010 controls the operation of devices related to the drive system of the vehicle according to various programs.
- the drive system control unit 12010 includes a drive force generation device for generating a drive force of a vehicle such as an internal combustion engine or a drive motor, a drive force transmission mechanism for transmitting the drive force to wheels, and a steering angle of the vehicle. It functions as a steering mechanism for adjusting and a control device such as a braking device for generating a braking force of the vehicle.
- the body system control unit 12020 controls the operation of various devices mounted on the vehicle body according to various programs.
- the body system control unit 12020 functions as a keyless entry system, a smart key system, a power window device, or a control device for various lamps such as a head lamp, a back lamp, a brake lamp, a winker, or a fog lamp.
- the body system control unit 12020 may receive radio waves or signals of various switches transmitted from a portable device that substitutes for a key.
- the body system control unit 12020 receives inputs of these radio waves or signals and controls the vehicle door lock device, power window device, lamp, and the like.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 detects information outside the vehicle equipped with the vehicle control system 12000.
- the imaging unit 12031 is connected to the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 causes the image capturing unit 12031 to capture an image of the vehicle exterior and receives the captured image.
- the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 may perform object detection processing or distance detection processing such as people, vehicles, obstacles, signs, or characters on the road surface based on the received image.
- the image pickup unit 12031 is an optical sensor that receives light and outputs an electric signal according to the amount of received light.
- the imaging unit 12031 can output the electric signal as an image or can output as the distance measurement information.
- the light received by the imaging unit 12031 may be visible light or invisible light such as infrared light.
- the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 detects in-vehicle information.
- a driver state detection unit 12041 that detects the state of the driver is connected.
- the driver state detection unit 12041 includes, for example, a camera that images the driver, and the in-vehicle information detection unit 12040 determines the degree of fatigue or concentration of the driver based on the detection information input from the driver state detection unit 12041. It may be calculated or it may be determined whether or not the driver is asleep.
- the microcomputer 12051 calculates a control target value of the driving force generation device, the steering mechanism, or the braking device based on the information inside or outside the vehicle acquired by the outside information detection unit 12030 or the inside information detection unit 12040, and the drive system control unit.
- a control command can be output to 12010.
- the microcomputer 12051 realizes a function of ADAS (Advanced Driver Assistance System) that includes collision avoidance or impact mitigation of a vehicle, follow-up traveling based on an inter-vehicle distance, vehicle speed maintenance traveling, a vehicle collision warning, or a vehicle lane departure warning. It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose.
- ADAS Advanced Driver Assistance System
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the driving force generation device, the steering mechanism, the braking device, or the like based on the information around the vehicle acquired by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030 or the vehicle interior information detection unit 12040, so that the driver's It is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving, which autonomously travels without depending on the operation.
- the microcomputer 12051 can output a control command to the body system control unit 12020 based on the information outside the vehicle acquired by the outside information detection unit 12030.
- the microcomputer 12051 controls the headlamps according to the position of the preceding vehicle or the oncoming vehicle detected by the vehicle exterior information detection unit 12030, and performs cooperative control for the purpose of antiglare such as switching the high beam to the low beam. It can be carried out.
- the voice image output unit 12052 transmits an output signal of at least one of a voice and an image to an output device capable of visually or audibly notifying information to a passenger or outside the vehicle.
- an audio speaker 12061, a display unit 12062, and an instrument panel 12063 are illustrated as output devices.
- the display unit 12062 may include at least one of an onboard display and a head-up display, for example.
- FIG. 58 is a diagram showing an example of the installation position of the imaging unit 12031.
- the vehicle 12100 has image pickup units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, 12105 as the image pickup unit 12031.
- the imaging units 12101, 12102, 12103, 12104, 12105 are provided at positions such as the front nose of the vehicle 12100, the side mirrors, the rear bumper, the back door, and the upper portion of the windshield in the vehicle interior.
- the image capturing unit 12101 provided on the front nose and the image capturing unit 12105 provided on the upper part of the windshield in the vehicle interior mainly acquire an image in front of the vehicle 12100.
- the imaging units 12102 and 12103 included in the side mirrors mainly acquire images of the side of the vehicle 12100.
- the image capturing unit 12104 provided in the rear bumper or the back door mainly acquires an image of the rear of the vehicle 12100.
- the front images acquired by the imaging units 12101 and 12105 are mainly used for detecting a preceding vehicle or a pedestrian, an obstacle, a traffic signal, a traffic sign, a lane, or the like.
- FIG. 58 shows an example of the shooting range of the imaging units 12101 to 12104.
- the imaging range 12111 indicates the imaging range of the imaging unit 12101 provided on the front nose
- the imaging ranges 12112 and 12113 indicate the imaging ranges of the imaging units 12102 and 12103 provided on the side mirrors
- the imaging range 12114 indicates The imaging range of the imaging part 12104 provided in a rear bumper or a back door is shown. For example, by overlaying the image data captured by the image capturing units 12101 to 12104, a bird's-eye view image of the vehicle 12100 viewed from above can be obtained.
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may have a function of acquiring distance information.
- at least one of the image capturing units 12101 to 12104 may be a stereo camera including a plurality of image capturing elements, or may be an image capturing element having pixels for phase difference detection.
- the microcomputer 12051 based on the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104, the distance to each three-dimensional object in the imaging range 12111 to 12114 and the temporal change of this distance (relative speed with respect to the vehicle 12100). It is possible to extract the closest three-dimensional object on the traveling path of the vehicle 12100, which is traveling in a substantially same direction as the vehicle 12100 at a predetermined speed (for example, 0 km / h or more), as a preceding vehicle. it can. Furthermore, the microcomputer 12051 can set an inter-vehicle distance to be secured in advance before the preceding vehicle, and can perform automatic braking control (including follow-up stop control), automatic acceleration control (including follow-up start control), and the like. In this way, it is possible to perform cooperative control for the purpose of autonomous driving or the like that autonomously travels without depending on the operation of the driver.
- automatic braking control including follow-up stop control
- automatic acceleration control including follow-up start control
- the microcomputer 12051 uses the distance information obtained from the imaging units 12101 to 12104 to convert three-dimensional object data regarding a three-dimensional object to other three-dimensional objects such as two-wheeled vehicles, ordinary vehicles, large vehicles, pedestrians, and utility poles. It can be classified and extracted and used for automatic avoidance of obstacles. For example, the microcomputer 12051 distinguishes obstacles around the vehicle 12100 into obstacles visible to the driver of the vehicle 12100 and obstacles difficult to see. Then, the microcomputer 12051 determines the collision risk indicating the risk of collision with each obstacle, and when the collision risk is equal to or more than the set value and there is a possibility of collision, the microcomputer 12051 outputs the audio through the audio speaker 12061 and the display unit 12062. A driver can be assisted for collision avoidance by outputting an alarm to the driver or by performing forced deceleration or avoidance steering through the drive system control unit 12010.
- At least one of the imaging units 12101 to 12104 may be an infrared camera that detects infrared rays.
- the microcomputer 12051 can recognize a pedestrian by determining whether or not a pedestrian is present in the images captured by the imaging units 12101 to 12104. To recognize such a pedestrian, for example, a procedure of extracting a feature point in an image captured by the image capturing units 12101 to 12104 as an infrared camera and a pattern matching process on a series of feature points indicating the contour of an object are performed to determine whether the pedestrian is a pedestrian.
- the audio image output unit 12052 causes the recognized pedestrian to have a rectangular contour line for emphasis.
- the display unit 12062 is controlled so as to superimpose and display. Further, the audio image output unit 12052 may control the display unit 12062 to display an icon indicating a pedestrian or the like at a desired position.
- the above has described an example of the mobile control system to which the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be applied to the imaging unit 12031 among the configurations described above.
- the image pickup device 1 according to the above-described embodiment and its modification can be applied to the image pickup unit 12031.
- the technology according to the present disclosure to the image capturing unit 12031, a high-definition captured image with less noise can be obtained, so that highly accurate control using the captured image can be performed in the mobile body control system.
- FIG. 59 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of an endoscopic surgery system to which the technology (the technology) according to the present disclosure can be applied.
- FIG. 59 a state in which an operator (doctor) 11131 is operating on a patient 11132 on a patient bed 11133 using the endoscopic operation system 11000 is illustrated.
- the endoscopic surgery system 11000 includes an endoscope 11100, other surgical tools 11110 such as a pneumoperitoneum tube 11111 and an energy treatment tool 11112, and a support arm device 11120 that supports the endoscope 11100.
- a cart 11200 on which various devices for endoscopic surgery are mounted.
- the endoscope 11100 is composed of a lens barrel 11101 into which a region having a predetermined length from the distal end is inserted into the body cavity of the patient 11132, and a camera head 11102 connected to the base end of the lens barrel 11101.
- the endoscope 11100 configured as a so-called rigid mirror having the rigid barrel 11101 is illustrated, but the endoscope 11100 may be configured as a so-called flexible mirror having a flexible barrel. Good.
- An opening in which the objective lens is fitted is provided at the tip of the lens barrel 11101.
- a light source device 11203 is connected to the endoscope 11100, and the light generated by the light source device 11203 is guided to the tip of the lens barrel by a light guide extending inside the lens barrel 11101. It is irradiated toward the observation target in the body cavity of the patient 11132 via the lens.
- the endoscope 11100 may be a direct-viewing endoscope, or may be a perspective or side-viewing endoscope.
- An optical system and an image pickup device are provided inside the camera head 11102, and reflected light (observation light) from an observation target is condensed on the image pickup device by the optical system.
- the observation light is photoelectrically converted by the imaging element, and an electric signal corresponding to the observation light, that is, an image signal corresponding to the observation image is generated.
- the image signal is transmitted to the camera control unit (CCU: Camera Control Unit) 11201 as RAW data.
- the CCU 11201 is composed of a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), etc., and controls the operations of the endoscope 11100 and the display device 11202 in a centralized manner. Further, the CCU 11201 receives the image signal from the camera head 11102, and performs various image processing such as development processing (demosaic processing) for displaying an image based on the image signal on the image signal.
- image processing such as development processing (demosaic processing) for displaying an image based on the image signal on the image signal.
- the display device 11202 displays an image based on an image signal subjected to image processing by the CCU 11201 under the control of the CCU 11201.
- the light source device 11203 is composed of a light source such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode), for example, and supplies the endoscope 11100 with irradiation light when photographing a surgical site or the like.
- a light source such as an LED (Light Emitting Diode), for example, and supplies the endoscope 11100 with irradiation light when photographing a surgical site or the like.
- the input device 11204 is an input interface for the endoscopic surgery system 11000.
- the user can input various kinds of information and instructions to the endoscopic surgery system 11000 via the input device 11204.
- the user inputs an instruction to change the imaging conditions (type of irradiation light, magnification, focal length, etc.) by the endoscope 11100.
- the treatment instrument control device 11205 controls driving of the energy treatment instrument 11112 for cauterization of tissue, incision, or sealing of blood vessel.
- the pneumoperitoneum device 11206 is used to inflate the body cavity of the patient 11132 through the pneumoperitoneum tube 11111 in order to inflate the body cavity of the patient 11132 for the purpose of securing the visual field by the endoscope 11100 and the working space of the operator.
- the recorder 11207 is a device capable of recording various information regarding surgery.
- the printer 11208 is a device that can print various types of information regarding surgery in various formats such as text, images, or graphs.
- the light source device 11203 that supplies irradiation light to the endoscope 11100 when imaging a surgical site can be configured by, for example, an LED, a laser light source, or a white light source configured by a combination thereof.
- a white light source is formed by a combination of RGB laser light sources
- the output intensity and output timing of each color (each wavelength) can be controlled with high accuracy, so that the light source device 11203 adjusts the white balance of the captured image. It can be carried out.
- the laser light from each of the RGB laser light sources is time-divided onto the observation target, and the drive of the image pickup device of the camera head 11102 is controlled in synchronization with the irradiation timing, so that each of the RGB colors can be handled. It is also possible to take the captured image in time division. According to this method, a color image can be obtained without providing a color filter on the image sensor.
- the drive of the light source device 11203 may be controlled so as to change the intensity of the output light at predetermined time intervals.
- the drive of the image sensor of the camera head 11102 in synchronization with the timing of changing the intensity of the light to acquire images in a time-division manner and synthesizing the images, a high dynamic image without so-called blackout and overexposure is obtained. An image of the range can be generated.
- the light source device 11203 may be configured to be able to supply light in a predetermined wavelength band corresponding to special light observation.
- the special light observation for example, the wavelength dependence of the absorption of light in body tissues is used to irradiate a narrow band of light as compared with the irradiation light (that is, white light) at the time of normal observation, so that the mucosal surface layer
- the so-called narrow band imaging is performed in which a predetermined tissue such as blood vessels is imaged with high contrast.
- fluorescence observation in which an image is obtained by the fluorescence generated by irradiating the excitation light may be performed.
- the body tissue is irradiated with excitation light to observe fluorescence from the body tissue (autofluorescence observation), or a reagent such as indocyanine green (ICG) is locally injected into the body tissue and the body tissue is also injected.
- the excitation light corresponding to the fluorescence wavelength of the reagent can be irradiated to obtain a fluorescence image.
- the light source device 11203 may be configured to be capable of supplying narrow band light and / or excitation light compatible with such special light observation.
- FIG. 60 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the camera head 11102 and the CCU 11201 shown in FIG.
- the camera head 11102 includes a lens unit 11401, an imaging unit 11402, a driving unit 11403, a communication unit 11404, and a camera head control unit 11405.
- the CCU 11201 has a communication unit 11411, an image processing unit 11412, and a control unit 11413.
- the camera head 11102 and the CCU 11201 are communicably connected to each other via a transmission cable 11400.
- the lens unit 11401 is an optical system provided at the connecting portion with the lens barrel 11101.
- the observation light taken in from the tip of the lens barrel 11101 is guided to the camera head 11102 and enters the lens unit 11401.
- the lens unit 11401 is configured by combining a plurality of lenses including a zoom lens and a focus lens.
- the image pickup unit 11402 includes an image pickup element.
- the number of image pickup elements forming the image pickup section 11402 may be one (so-called single-plate type) or plural (so-called multi-plate type).
- image signals corresponding to RGB are generated by each image pickup element, and a color image may be obtained by combining them.
- the image capturing unit 11402 may be configured to have a pair of image capturing elements for respectively acquiring image signals for the right eye and the left eye corresponding to 3D (Dimensional) display.
- the 3D display enables the operator 11131 to more accurately grasp the depth of the living tissue in the operation site.
- a plurality of lens units 11401 may be provided corresponding to each image pickup element.
- the image pickup unit 11402 does not necessarily have to be provided in the camera head 11102.
- the imaging unit 11402 may be provided inside the lens barrel 11101 immediately after the objective lens.
- the drive unit 11403 is composed of an actuator, and moves the zoom lens and the focus lens of the lens unit 11401 by a predetermined distance along the optical axis under the control of the camera head control unit 11405. Thereby, the magnification and focus of the image captured by the image capturing unit 11402 can be adjusted appropriately.
- the communication unit 11404 is composed of a communication device for transmitting and receiving various information to and from the CCU11201.
- the communication unit 11404 transmits the image signal obtained from the imaging unit 11402 as RAW data to the CCU 11201 via the transmission cable 11400.
- the communication unit 11404 receives a control signal for controlling the drive of the camera head 11102 from the CCU 11201 and supplies it to the camera head control unit 11405.
- the control signal includes, for example, information that specifies the frame rate of the captured image, information that specifies the exposure value at the time of capturing, and / or information that specifies the magnification and focus of the captured image. Contains information about the condition.
- the image capturing conditions such as the frame rate, the exposure value, the magnification, and the focus may be appropriately designated by the user, or may be automatically set by the control unit 11413 of the CCU 11201 based on the acquired image signal. Good. In the latter case, the so-called AE (Auto Exposure) function, AF (Auto Focus) function, and AWB (Auto White Balance) function are mounted on the endoscope 11100.
- the camera head control unit 11405 controls driving of the camera head 11102 based on a control signal from the CCU 11201 received via the communication unit 11404.
- the communication unit 11411 is composed of a communication device for transmitting and receiving various information to and from the camera head 11102.
- the communication unit 11411 receives the image signal transmitted from the camera head 11102 via the transmission cable 11400.
- the communication unit 11411 transmits a control signal for controlling the driving of the camera head 11102 to the camera head 11102.
- the image signal and the control signal can be transmitted by electric communication, optical communication, or the like.
- the image processing unit 11412 performs various kinds of image processing on the image signal that is the RAW data transmitted from the camera head 11102.
- the control unit 11413 performs various controls regarding imaging of a surgical site or the like by the endoscope 11100 and display of a captured image obtained by imaging the surgical site or the like. For example, the control unit 11413 generates a control signal for controlling the driving of the camera head 11102.
- control unit 11413 causes the display device 11202 to display a picked-up image of the surgical site or the like based on the image signal subjected to the image processing by the image processing unit 11412.
- the control unit 11413 may recognize various objects in the captured image using various image recognition techniques.
- the control unit 11413 detects a surgical instrument such as forceps, a specific body part, bleeding, a mist when the energy treatment instrument 11112 is used, etc. by detecting the shape and color of the edge of the object included in the captured image. Can be recognized.
- the control unit 11413 may use the recognition result to superimpose and display various types of surgery support information on the image of the operation unit. By displaying the surgery support information in a superimposed manner and presenting it to the operator 11131, the burden on the operator 11131 can be reduced and the operator 11131 can surely proceed with the surgery.
- the transmission cable 11400 that connects the camera head 11102 and the CCU 11201 is an electric signal cable that supports electric signal communication, an optical fiber that supports optical communication, or a composite cable of these.
- wired communication is performed using the transmission cable 11400, but communication between the camera head 11102 and the CCU 11201 may be performed wirelessly.
- the technology according to the present disclosure can be suitably applied to the imaging unit 11402 provided in the camera head 11102 of the endoscope 11100 among the configurations described above.
- the image capturing unit 11402 can be downsized or high definition, and thus the small or high definition endoscope 11100 can be provided.
- the second wiring is For each set of two or more photoelectric conversion elements, A plurality of the first elements corresponding to the one-to-one correspondence with two or more photoelectric conversion elements included in the set are connected, and the plurality of the first elements are connected to the second element shared by the plurality of the first elements. One contact is connected to one wire, The image sensor according to (1). (3) The second wiring is arranged on the light incident surface side of the second substrate, The image sensor according to (1) or (2).
- a transfer transistor for transferring an electric signal output from the photoelectric conversion element to the pixel transistor is formed on the first substrate for each photoelectric conversion element,
- the pixel including at least one amplification transistor that amplifies and outputs the electric signal transferred from each of the two or more transfer transistors included in the second substrate, for each of the one or more groups.
- a transistor is formed,
- the first element includes an output terminal side of the transfer transistor,
- the second element includes a gate of the amplification transistor,
- the output terminal side of the transfer transistor is a floating diffusion that temporarily holds an electric signal output from the photoelectric conversion element, The image sensor according to (4).
- the transfer transistor is an N-type transistor, The second wiring is formed of P-type polysilicon, The image sensor according to (4) or (5).
- the first element includes an electrode connected to the photoelectric conversion element, The second element includes a reference potential line to which a reference potential is supplied, The electrode is formed of P-type polysilicon, The second wiring for connecting the plurality of electrodes with one contact to the first wiring connected to the reference potential line is formed of N-type polysilicon.
- the transfer transistor is a P-type transistor, The second wiring is formed of N-type polysilicon, The image sensor according to (4).
- the first element includes an electrode connected to the photoelectric conversion element, The second element includes a reference potential line to which a reference potential is supplied, The electrode is formed of N-type polysilicon, The second wiring for connecting the plurality of electrodes to the first wiring connected to the reference potential line with one contact is formed of P-type polysilicon.
- the first element includes an electrode connected to the photoelectric conversion element, The second element includes a reference potential line to which a reference potential is supplied, The image sensor according to any one of (1) to (4).
- the second wiring includes tungsten.
- the second wiring is arranged in an insulating region formed between the first semiconductor region of the second substrate and the second semiconductor region of the second substrate, The image sensor according to any one of (1), (2), (4) to (11). (13) The second wiring is disposed between the second element and the first wiring, The image sensor according to any one of (1), (2), (4) to (11).
- An image sensor An optical system for guiding incident light to the image sensor, A processing unit that processes a signal output from the image sensor,
- the image sensor is A first substrate on which a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements are formed; A second substrate on which a pixel transistor shared by the groups is formed for each group including two or more photoelectric conversion elements as a unit; Among the plurality of elements formed on the first substrate, each of the plurality of first elements formed for each photoelectric conversion element is connected to the second element shared by the plurality of first elements. A second wiring for connecting with a single contact to the first wiring formed on the second substrate. Electronics.
- the pixel transistor has at least one of an amplification transistor, a reset transistor, and a selection transistor, The image sensor according to (15).
- the first substrate has a first transfer transistor connected to the first photoelectric conversion element and a second transfer transistor connected to the second photoelectric conversion element.
- the first wiring is connected to a first floating diffusion region connected to the first transfer transistor and a second floating diffusion region connected to the second transfer transistor.
- a third substrate that is stacked on the second substrate and has a logic circuit that processes a signal generated by the first photoelectric conversion element or the second photoelectric conversion element;
- An image sensor An optical system for guiding incident light to the image sensor, A processing unit that processes a signal output from the image sensor,
- the image sensor is A first substrate on which a first photoelectric conversion element and a second photoelectric conversion element are formed; A first wiring formed on the first substrate and connected to the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element; A second substrate on which a pixel transistor connected to the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element is formed; A second wiring formed on the second substrate; A third wiring which is formed so as to penetrate the first substrate and the second substrate, and which is connected to the first wiring and the second wiring. Electronics.
- Imaging device 10 ... First substrate, 20 ... Second substrate, 30 ... Third substrate, 202 ... Semiconductor region, 203 ... Pixel separating unit, 204 ... Semiconductor region, 221 ... Drain Region, 222..source region, 223..gate electrode, 301a, 301b..wiring, 311..gate electrode, 312..drain region, 313..source region, 321..drain region, 322..source region 323..gate electrode, AMP..amplifying transistor, Ct, Ct2..contact, D1..wiring, PD..photodiode, RST..reset transistor, SEL..selection transistor, TR..transfer transistor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
Description
1.撮像素子の概略構成例
2.第1の実施形態(撮像素子の構成例)
3.第2の実施形態(撮像素子の構成例)
4.第3の実施形態(撮像素子の構成例)
5.第4の実施形態(撮像素子の構成例)
6.第5の実施形態(撮像素子の構成例)
7.第6の実施形態(撮像素子の構成例)
8.第7の実施形態(電子機器の構成例)
9.変形例
10.適用例
11.応用例
図1は、本開示の各実施形態に適用される撮像素子1の概略構成の一例を示す図である。撮像素子1は、受光した光を電気信号に変換して画素信号として出力する。この例では、撮像素子1はCMOSイメージセンサとして構成されている。
(撮像素子の構成例)
次に、第1の実施形態に係る撮像素子1の構成を製造方法とともに説明する。
(撮像素子の構成例)
次に、第2の実施形態に係る撮像素子の構成の一例を説明する。なお、本実施形態に係る撮像素子の基本的な構成は上述の第1の実施形態に係る撮像素子1と同じであるので、上述の第1の実施形態との相違点のみを説明する。相違点以外の構成は上述の第1の実施形態と同様である。
(撮像素子の構成例)
次に、第3の実施形態に係る撮像素子の構成の一例を説明する。なお、本実施形態に係る撮像素子の基本的な構成は上述の第1の実施形態に係る撮像素子1と同じであるので、上述の第1の実施形態との相違点のみを説明する。相違点以外の構成は上述の第1の実施形態と同様である。
(撮像素子の構成例)
次に、第4の実施形態に係る撮像素子の構成の一例を説明する。なお、本実施形態に係る撮像素子の基本的な構成は上述の第1の実施形態に係る撮像素子1と同じであるので、上述の第1の実施形態との相違点のみを説明する。相違点以外の構成は上述の第1の実施形態と同様である。
(撮像素子の構成例)
次に、第5の実施形態に係る撮像素子の構成の一例を説明する。なお、本実施形態に係る撮像素子の基本的な構成は上述の第1の実施形態に係る撮像素子1と同じであるので、上述の第1の実施形態との相違点のみを説明する。相違点以外の構成は上述の第1の実施形態と同様である。
(撮像素子の構成例)
次に、第6の実施形態に係る撮像素子の構成の一例を説明する。なお、本実施形態に係る撮像素子の基本的な構成は上述の第1の実施形態に係る撮像素子1と同じであるので、上述の第1の実施形態との相違点のみを説明する。相違点以外の構成は上述の第1の実施形態と同様である。
(電子機器の構成例)
上述の各実施形態で説明した撮像素子は、例えば、デジタルスチルカメラ、デジタルビデオカメラ、カメラ付き携帯電話機などの各種携帯端末機器、プリンター等の電子機器に適用することができる。図38は、本開示の撮像素子を適用した電子機器の一例であるカメラ1000の構成例を示す図である。このカメラ1000は、静止画または動画を撮影可能なビデオカメラを例としたものである。
以下に、上記撮像素子1の変形例について説明する。
上記各実施形態では、共有単位の画素数は4つであるが、これに限らず、共有単位の画素数は任意に変更可能である。例えば図39および図40に示すように、共有単位の画素数は2つであってもよい。つまり、第2基板20は、2つのセンサ画素12ごとに読み出し回路22を有する形態であってもよい。図39には、図2に記載のセンサ画素12および読み出し回路22の一変形例が示されている。図40には、図3に記載のセンサ画素12および読み出し回路22の一変形例が示されている。
図43は、上記撮像素子1の垂直方向の断面構成の一変形例を表すものである。本変形例では、第2基板20と第3基板30との電気的な接続が、第1基板10における周辺領域14と対向する領域でなされている。周辺領域14は、第1基板10の額縁領域に相当しており、画素領域13の周縁に設けられている。本変形例では、第2基板20は、周辺領域14と対向する領域に、複数のパッド電極58を有しており、第3基板30は、周辺領域14と対向する領域に、複数のパッド電極64を有している。第2基板20および第3基板30は、周辺領域14と対向する領域に設けられたパッド電極58,64同士の接合によって、互いに電気的に接続されている。
図44、図45は、上記撮像素子1の水平方向の断面構成の一変形例を表すものである。図44、図45の上側の図は、図7の断面Sec1での断面構成の一変形例であり、図23の下側の図は、図7の断面Sec2での断面構成の一変形例である。なお、図44、図45の上側の断面図では、図7の断面Sec1での断面構成の一変形例を表す図に、図7の半導体基板11の表面構成の一変形例を表す図が重ね合わされるとともに、絶縁層240が省略されている。また、図44、図45の下側の断面図では、図7の断面Sec2での断面構成の一変形例を表す図に、半導体基板303の表面構成の一変形例を表す図が重ね合わされている。
図46は、上記撮像素子1の水平方向の断面構成の一変形例を表すものである。図46には、図12の断面構成の一変形例が示されている。
図47は、上記撮像素子1の水平方向の断面構成の一変形例を表すものである。図47には、図46の断面構成の一変形例が示されている。
図48は、上記撮像素子1の水平方向の断面構成の一例を表したものである。図48には、図12の断面構成の一変形例が示されている。
図51は、変形例に係る撮像素子1の回路構成の一例を表したものである。本変形例に係る撮像素子1は、列並列ADC搭載のCMOSイメージセンサである。
図52は、図51の撮像素子1を3つの基板(第1基板10,第2基板20,第3基板30)を積層して構成した例を表す。本変形例では、第1基板10において、中央部分に、複数のセンサ画素12を含む画素領域13が形成されており、画素領域13の周囲に垂直駆動回路33が形成されている。また、第2基板20において、中央部分に、複数の読み出し回路22を含む読み出し回路領域15が形成されており、読み出し回路領域15の周囲に垂直駆動回路33が形成されている。第3基板30において、カラム信号処理回路34、水平駆動回路35、システム制御回路36、水平出力線37および参照電圧供給部38が形成されている。これにより、上記実施形態およびその変形例と同様、基板同士を電気的に接続する構造に起因して、チップサイズが大きくなったり、1画素あたりの面積の微細化を阻害したりしてしまうことがない。その結果、今までと同等のチップサイズで、1画素あたりの面積の微細化を阻害することのない3層構造の撮像素子1を提供することができる。なお、垂直駆動回路33は、第1基板10のみに形成されても、第2基板20のみに形成されてもよい。
図53は、本変形例に係る撮像素子1の断面構成の一変形例を表す。上記第1の実施形態およびその変形例では、撮像素子1は、3つの基板(第1基板10,第2基板20,第3基板30)を積層して構成されていた。しかし、上記第1の実施形態およびその変形例において、撮像素子1が、2つの基板(第1基板10,第2基板20)を積層して構成されていてもよい。このとき、ロジック回路32は、例えば、図53に示したように、第1基板10と、第2基板20とに分けて形成されている。ここで、ロジック回路32のうち、第1基板10側に設けられた回路32Aでは、高温プロセスに耐え得る材料(例えば、high-k)からなる高誘電率膜とメタルゲート電極とが積層されたゲート構造を有するトランジスタが設けられている。一方、第2基板20側に設けられた回路32Bでは、ソース電極およびドレイン電極と接する不純物拡散領域の表面に、CoSi2やNiSiなどのサリサイド(Self Aligned Silicide)プロセスを用いて形成されたシリサイドからなる低抵抗領域26が形成されている。シリサイドからなる低抵抗領域は、半導体基板の材料と金属との化合物で形成されている。これにより、センサ画素12を形成する際に、熱酸化などの高温プロセスを用いることができる。また、ロジック回路32のうち、第2基板20側に設けられた回路32Bにおいて、ソース電極およびドレイン電極と接する不純物拡散領域の表面に、シリサイドからなる低抵抗領域26を設けた場合には、接触抵抗を低減することができる。その結果、ロジック回路32での演算速度を高速化することができる。
図55は、上記撮像素子1を備えた撮像システム2の概略構成の一例を表したものである。
[応用例1]
本開示に係る技術(本技術)は、様々な製品へ応用することができる。例えば、本開示に係る技術は、自動車、電気自動車、ハイブリッド電気自動車、自動二輪車、自転車、パーソナルモビリティ、飛行機、ドローン、船舶、ロボット等のいずれかの種類の移動体に搭載される装置として実現されてもよい。
図59は、本開示に係る技術(本技術)が適用され得る内視鏡手術システムの概略的な構成の一例を示す図である。
(1)
複数の光電変換素子が形成される第1の基板と、
2以上の前記光電変換素子を単位とする組ごとに、該組が共有する画素トランジスタが形成される第2の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成される複数の要素のうち、それぞれが前記光電変換素子ごとに形成される複数の第1の要素を、該複数の第1の要素が共有する第2の要素に繋がる配線であって前記第2の基板に形成される第1の配線に対して、1つのコンタクトで接続するための第2の配線と、を備える、
撮像素子。
(2)
前記第2の配線は、
2以上の前記光電変換素子の集合ごとに、
該集合に含まれる2以上の前記光電変換素子と1対1に対応する複数の前記第1の要素が接続され、該複数の前記第1の要素が共有する前記第2の要素に繋がる前記第1の配線に対して1つのコンタクトで接続される、
(1)に記載の撮像素子。
(3)
前記第2の配線は、前記第2の基板よりも光入射面側に配置される、
(1)または(2)に記載の撮像素子。
(4)
前記第1の基板には、前記光電変換素子ごとに、前記光電変換素子から出力される電気信号を前記画素トランジスタへ転送するための転送トランジスタが形成され、
前記第2の基板には、1以上の前記組ごとに、該組に含まれる2以上の前記転送トランジスタの各々から転送された電気信号を増幅して出力する1つの増幅トランジスタを少なくとも含む前記画素トランジスタが形成され、
前記第1の要素は、前記転送トランジスタの出力端子側を含み、
前記第2の要素は、前記増幅トランジスタのゲートを含む、
(1)~(3)の何れか1つに記載の撮像素子。
(5)
前記転送トランジスタの出力端子側は、前記光電変換素子から出力される電気信号を一時的に保持するフローティングディフュージョンである、
(4)に記載の撮像素子。
(6)
前記転送トランジスタはN型のトランジスタであり、
前記第2の配線はP型のポリシリコンで形成される、
(4)または(5)に記載の撮像素子。
(7)
前記第1の要素は、前記光電変換素子に接続される電極を含み、
前記第2の要素は、基準電位が供給される基準電位線を含み、
前記電極はP型のポリシリコンで形成され、
複数の前記電極を、前記基準電位線に繋がる前記第1の配線に対して1つのコンタクトで接続するための前記第2の配線は、N型のポリシリコンで形成される、
(6)に記載の撮像素子。
(8)
前記転送トランジスタはP型のトランジスタであり、
前記第2の配線はN型のポリシリコンで形成される、
(4)に記載の撮像素子。
(9)
前記第1の要素は、前記光電変換素子に接続される電極を含み、
前記第2の要素は、基準電位が供給される基準電位線を含み、
前記電極はN型のポリシリコンで形成され、
複数の前記電極を、前記基準電位線に繋がる前記第1の配線に対して1つのコンタクトで接続するための前記第2の配線は、P型のポリシリコンで形成される、
(8)に記載の撮像素子。
(10)
前記第1の要素は、前記光電変換素子に接続される電極を含み、
前記第2の要素は、基準電位が供給される基準電位線を含む、
(1)~(4)の何れか1つに記載の撮像素子。
(11)
前記第2の配線はタングステンを含んで形成される、
(1)~(4)および(10)のうちの何れか1つに記載の撮像素子。
(12)
前記第2の配線は、前記第2の基板の第1の半導体領域と前記第2の基板の第2の半導体領域との間に形成された絶縁領域内に配置される、
(1)、(2)、(4)~(11)のうちの何れか1つに記載の撮像素子。
(13)
前記第2の配線は、前記第2の要素と前記第1の配線との間に配置される、
(1)、(2)、(4)~(11)のうちの何れか1つに記載の撮像素子。
(14)
撮像素子と、
前記撮像素子へ入射光を導くための光学系と、
前記撮像素子から出力される信号を処理する処理部と、を備え、
前記撮像素子は、
複数の光電変換素子が形成される第1の基板と、
2以上の前記光電変換素子を単位とする組ごとに、該組が共有する画素トランジスタが形成される第2の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成される複数の要素のうち、それぞれが前記光電変換素子ごとに形成される複数の第1の要素を、該複数の第1の要素が共有する第2の要素に繋がる配線であって前記第2の基板に形成される第1の配線に対して、1つのコンタクトで接続するための第2の配線と、を備える、
電子機器。
(15)
第1の光電変換素子と第2の光電変換素子が形成された第1の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成され、前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された第1の配線と、
前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された画素トランジスタが形成された第2の基板と、
前記第2の基板に形成された第2の配線と、
前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板を貫通するように形成され、かつ、前記第1の配線および前記第2の配線と接続された第3の配線と、を備える、
撮像素子。
(16)
前記画素トランジスタは、増幅トランジスタ、リセットトランジスタ、選択トランジスタの少なくともいずれか1つを有する、
(15)に記載の撮像素子。
(17)
前記第1の基板は、前記第1の光電変換素子に接続された第1の転送トランジスタと、前記第2の光電変換素子に接続された第2の転送トランジスタとを有する、
(15)または(16)に記載の撮像素子。
(18)
前記第1の配線は、前記第1の転送トランジスタと接続された第1のフローティングディフュージョン領域と、前記第2の転送トランジスタと接続された第2のフローティングディフュージョン領域とに接続された、
(17)に記載の撮像素子。
(19)
前記第2の基板に積層され、前記第1の光電変換素子または前記第2の光電変換素子で生成された信号を処理するロジック回路を有する第3の基板を備えた、
(18)に記載の撮像素子。
(20)
撮像素子と、
前記撮像素子へ入射光を導くための光学系と、
前記撮像素子から出力される信号を処理する処理部と、を備え、
前記撮像素子は、
第1の光電変換素子と第2の光電変換素子が形成された第1の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成され、前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された第1の配線と、
前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された画素トランジスタが形成された第2の基板と、
前記第2の基板に形成された第2の配線と、
前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板を貫通するように形成され、かつ、前記第1の配線および前記第2の配線と接続された第3の配線と、を備える、
電子機器。
Claims (20)
- 複数の光電変換素子が形成される第1の基板と、
2以上の前記光電変換素子を単位とする組ごとに、該組が共有する画素トランジスタが形成される第2の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成される複数の要素のうち、それぞれが前記光電変換素子ごとに形成される複数の第1の要素が共有する第2の要素に繋がる配線であって、前記第2の基板に形成される第1の配線に対して、1つのコンタクトで接続され、かつ、該複数の第1の要素が接続される第2の配線と、を備える、
撮像素子。 - 前記第2の配線は、
2以上の前記光電変換素子の集合ごとに、
該集合に含まれる2以上の前記光電変換素子と1対1に対応する複数の前記第1の要素が接続され、該複数の前記第1の要素が共有する前記第2の要素に繋がる前記第1の配線に対して1つのコンタクトで接続される、
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第2の配線は、前記第2の基板よりも光入射面側に配置される、
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の基板には、前記光電変換素子ごとに、前記光電変換素子から出力される電気信号を前記画素トランジスタへ転送するための転送トランジスタが形成され、
前記第2の基板には、1以上の前記組ごとに、該組に含まれる2以上の前記転送トランジスタの各々から転送された電気信号を増幅して出力する1つの増幅トランジスタを少なくとも含む前記画素トランジスタが形成され、
前記第1の要素は、前記転送トランジスタの出力端子側を含み、
前記第2の要素は、前記増幅トランジスタのゲートを含む、
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記転送トランジスタの出力端子側は、前記光電変換素子から出力される電気信号を一時的に保持するフローティングディフュージョンである、
請求項4に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記転送トランジスタはN型のトランジスタであり、
前記第2の配線はP型のポリシリコンで形成される、
請求項4に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の要素は、前記光電変換素子に接続される電極を含み、
前記第2の要素は、基準電位が供給される基準電位線を含み、
前記電極はP型のポリシリコンで形成され、
複数の前記電極を、前記基準電位線に繋がる前記第1の配線に対して1つのコンタクトで接続するための前記第2の配線は、N型のポリシリコンで形成される、
請求項6に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記転送トランジスタはP型のトランジスタであり、
前記第2の配線はN型のポリシリコンで形成される、
請求項4に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の要素は、前記光電変換素子に接続される電極を含み、
前記第2の要素は、基準電位が供給される基準電位線を含み、
前記電極はN型のポリシリコンで形成され、
複数の前記電極を、前記基準電位線に繋がる前記第1の配線に対して1つのコンタクトで接続するための前記第2の配線はP型のポリシリコンで形成される、
請求項8に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の要素は、前記光電変換素子に接続される電極を含み、
前記第2の要素は、基準電位が供給される基準電位線を含む、
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第2の配線はタングステンを含んで形成される、
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第2の配線は、前記第2の基板の第1の半導体領域と前記第2の基板の第2の半導体領域との間に形成された絶縁領域内に配置される、
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第2の配線は、前記第2の要素と前記第1の配線との間に配置される、
請求項1に記載の撮像素子。 - 撮像素子と、
前記撮像素子へ入射光を導くための光学系と、
前記撮像素子から出力される信号を処理する処理部と、を備え、
前記撮像素子は、
複数の光電変換素子が形成される第1の基板と、
2以上の前記光電変換素子を単位とする組ごとに、該組が共有する画素トランジスタが形成される第2の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成される複数の要素のうち、それぞれが前記光電変換素子ごとに形成される複数の第1の要素を、該複数の第1の要素が共有する第2の要素に繋がる配線であって前記第2の基板に形成される第1の配線に対して、1つのコンタクトで接続するための第2の配線と、を備える、
電子機器。 - 第1の光電変換素子と第2の光電変換素子が形成された第1の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成され、前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された第1の配線と、
前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された画素トランジスタが形成された第2の基板と、
前記第2の基板に形成された第2の配線と、
前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板を貫通するように形成され、かつ、前記第1の配線および前記第2の配線と接続された第3の配線と、を備える、
撮像素子。 - 前記画素トランジスタは、増幅トランジスタ、リセットトランジスタ、選択トランジスタの少なくともいずれか1つを有する、
請求項15に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の基板は、前記第1の光電変換素子に接続された第1の転送トランジスタと、前記第2の光電変換素子に接続された第2の転送トランジスタとを有する、
請求項15に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第1の配線は、前記第1の転送トランジスタと接続された第1のフローティングディフュージョン領域と、前記第2の転送トランジスタと接続された第2のフローティングディフュージョン領域とに接続された、
請求項17に記載の撮像素子。 - 前記第2の基板に積層され、前記第1の光電変換素子または前記第2の光電変換素子で生成された信号を処理するロジック回路を有する第3の基板を備えた、
請求項18に記載の撮像素子。 - 撮像素子と、
前記撮像素子へ入射光を導くための光学系と、
前記撮像素子から出力される信号を処理する処理部と、を備え、
前記撮像素子は、
第1の光電変換素子と第2の光電変換素子が形成された第1の基板と、
前記第1の基板に形成され、前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された第1の配線と、
前記第1の光電変換素子と前記第2の光電変換素子とに接続された画素トランジスタが形成された第2の基板と、
前記第2の基板に形成された第2の配線と、
前記第1の基板と前記第2の基板を貫通するように形成され、かつ、前記第1の配線および前記第2の配線と接続された第3の配線と、を備える、
電子機器。
Priority Applications (11)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020553169A JP7472032B2 (ja) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | 撮像素子および電子機器 |
| EP25173359.8A EP4580349A3 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | Image sensor and electronic apparatus |
| US17/284,699 US12148787B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | Image sensor and electronic apparatus |
| CN201980059496.0A CN112689900B (zh) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | 摄像元件和电子装置 |
| KR1020247034625A KR102855026B1 (ko) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | 촬상 소자 및 전자 기기 |
| EP19874154.8A EP3869563B1 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | Imaging element and electronic equipment |
| CN202510082758.2A CN119967917A (zh) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | 光检测装置和电子装置 |
| KR1020217008366A KR102720386B1 (ko) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | 촬상 소자 및 전자 기기 |
| JP2024062766A JP7732022B2 (ja) | 2018-10-17 | 2024-04-09 | 撮像素子および電子機器 |
| US18/633,060 US12615872B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2024-04-11 | Image sensor and electronic apparatus |
| US18/909,452 US20250040287A1 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2024-10-08 | Image sensor and electronic apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2018-195638 | 2018-10-17 | ||
| JP2018195638 | 2018-10-17 |
Related Child Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17/284,699 A-371-Of-International US12148787B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | Image sensor and electronic apparatus |
| US18/633,060 Division US12615872B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2024-04-11 | Image sensor and electronic apparatus |
| US18/909,452 Continuation US20250040287A1 (en) | 2018-10-17 | 2024-10-08 | Image sensor and electronic apparatus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2020080327A1 true WO2020080327A1 (ja) | 2020-04-23 |
Family
ID=70283447
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2019/040372 Ceased WO2020080327A1 (ja) | 2018-10-17 | 2019-10-15 | 撮像素子および電子機器 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US12148787B2 (ja) |
| EP (2) | EP4580349A3 (ja) |
| JP (2) | JP7472032B2 (ja) |
| KR (2) | KR102855026B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN119967917A (ja) |
| TW (3) | TWI887068B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2020080327A1 (ja) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2021241058A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | ||
| WO2022059499A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-24 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置及び電子機器 |
| WO2022124188A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-16 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 撮像素子及び撮像装置 |
| JP2024004794A (ja) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-01-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光電変換装置、機器、積層体 |
| JP2024012088A (ja) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-25 | 台湾積體電路製造股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 小画素設計のための誘電体構造 |
| WO2024024269A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置およびその製造方法 |
| WO2024166741A1 (ja) * | 2023-02-08 | 2024-08-15 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 光検出装置および電子機器 |
| US12199127B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2025-01-14 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Image sensor |
| WO2025094686A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-02 | 2025-05-08 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 光検出装置、および撮像装置、並びに電子機器 |
| WO2025121275A1 (ja) * | 2023-12-04 | 2025-06-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | 半導体装置、半導体装置の製造方法、光電変換システムおよび移動体 |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20220149243A (ko) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-08 | 에스케이하이닉스 주식회사 | 이미지 센싱 장치 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010245506A (ja) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-10-28 | Sony Corp | 半導体装置とその製造方法、及び電子機器 |
| JP2011091400A (ja) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-05-06 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | イメージセンサ及びその製造方法 |
| US20170062501A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc | Back-side illuminated pixels with interconnect layers |
Family Cites Families (23)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8049293B2 (en) * | 2005-03-07 | 2011-11-01 | Sony Corporation | Solid-state image pickup device, electronic apparatus using such solid-state image pickup device and method of manufacturing solid-state image pickup device |
| KR100782463B1 (ko) * | 2005-04-13 | 2007-12-05 | (주)실리콘화일 | 3차원 구조를 갖는 이미지 센서의 분리형 단위화소 및 그제조방법 |
| JP2007228460A (ja) | 2006-02-27 | 2007-09-06 | Mitsumasa Koyanagi | 集積センサを搭載した積層型半導体装置 |
| WO2008156274A1 (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2008-12-24 | Siliconfile Technologies Inc. | Pixel array preventing the cross talk between unit pixels and image sensor using the pixel |
| JP5479179B2 (ja) * | 2009-11-30 | 2014-04-23 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 液晶表示装置 |
| JP5489705B2 (ja) | 2009-12-26 | 2014-05-14 | キヤノン株式会社 | 固体撮像装置および撮像システム |
| JP2012033894A (ja) | 2010-06-30 | 2012-02-16 | Canon Inc | 固体撮像装置 |
| JP5500007B2 (ja) | 2010-09-03 | 2014-05-21 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体撮像素子およびカメラシステム |
| WO2013145753A1 (ja) * | 2012-03-30 | 2013-10-03 | 株式会社ニコン | 撮像素子および撮像装置 |
| JP2014022561A (ja) | 2012-07-18 | 2014-02-03 | Sony Corp | 固体撮像装置、及び、電子機器 |
| KR101402750B1 (ko) | 2012-09-26 | 2014-06-11 | (주)실리콘화일 | 3차원 구조를 가지는 이미지센서의 분리형 단위화소 |
| KR101334213B1 (ko) * | 2013-09-02 | 2013-11-29 | (주)실리콘화일 | 칩 적층 이미지 센서 |
| JP6334203B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-28 | 2018-05-30 | ソニー株式会社 | 固体撮像装置、および電子機器 |
| US9774801B2 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-09-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Solid state image sensor with enhanced charge capacity and dynamic range |
| TWI692859B (zh) * | 2015-05-15 | 2020-05-01 | 日商新力股份有限公司 | 固體攝像裝置及其製造方法、以及電子機器 |
| JP6808348B2 (ja) * | 2016-04-28 | 2021-01-06 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光電変換装置およびカメラ |
| JP6661506B2 (ja) | 2016-09-23 | 2020-03-11 | サムスン エレクトロニクス カンパニー リミテッド | 固体撮像装置 |
| KR102545846B1 (ko) * | 2017-04-04 | 2023-06-21 | 소니 세미컨덕터 솔루션즈 가부시키가이샤 | 고체 촬상 장치, 및 전자 기기 |
| WO2018207345A1 (ja) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-15 | オリンパス株式会社 | 固体撮像装置 |
| JP7038494B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-15 | 2022-03-18 | ルネサスエレクトロニクス株式会社 | 固体撮像素子 |
| KR102430496B1 (ko) * | 2017-09-29 | 2022-08-08 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 이미지 센싱 장치 및 그 제조 방법 |
| KR102483548B1 (ko) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-01-02 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 이미지 센싱 장치 |
| KR102646903B1 (ko) * | 2018-09-04 | 2024-03-12 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 이미지 센서 |
-
2019
- 2019-10-14 TW TW113128732A patent/TWI887068B/zh active
- 2019-10-14 TW TW113108656A patent/TWI886830B/zh active
- 2019-10-14 TW TW108136925A patent/TWI848008B/zh active
- 2019-10-15 EP EP25173359.8A patent/EP4580349A3/en active Pending
- 2019-10-15 CN CN202510082758.2A patent/CN119967917A/zh active Pending
- 2019-10-15 KR KR1020247034625A patent/KR102855026B1/ko active Active
- 2019-10-15 CN CN201980059496.0A patent/CN112689900B/zh active Active
- 2019-10-15 WO PCT/JP2019/040372 patent/WO2020080327A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2019-10-15 KR KR1020217008366A patent/KR102720386B1/ko active Active
- 2019-10-15 EP EP19874154.8A patent/EP3869563B1/en active Active
- 2019-10-15 US US17/284,699 patent/US12148787B2/en active Active
- 2019-10-15 JP JP2020553169A patent/JP7472032B2/ja active Active
-
2024
- 2024-04-09 JP JP2024062766A patent/JP7732022B2/ja active Active
- 2024-04-11 US US18/633,060 patent/US12615872B2/en active Active
- 2024-10-08 US US18/909,452 patent/US20250040287A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010245506A (ja) * | 2009-03-19 | 2010-10-28 | Sony Corp | 半導体装置とその製造方法、及び電子機器 |
| JP2011091400A (ja) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-05-06 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | イメージセンサ及びその製造方法 |
| US20170062501A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2017-03-02 | Semiconductor Components Industries, Llc | Back-side illuminated pixels with interconnect layers |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of EP3869563A4 * |
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US12490539B2 (en) | 2020-05-29 | 2025-12-02 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Semiconductor device and electronic apparatus |
| JP7695932B2 (ja) | 2020-05-29 | 2025-06-19 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 半導体装置及び電子機器 |
| JPWO2021241058A1 (ja) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | ||
| US12035063B2 (en) | 2020-09-16 | 2024-07-09 | Sony Group Corporation | Solid-state imaging device and electronic apparatus |
| WO2022059499A1 (ja) * | 2020-09-16 | 2022-03-24 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置及び電子機器 |
| WO2022124188A1 (ja) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-06-16 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 撮像素子及び撮像装置 |
| US12199127B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2025-01-14 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Image sensor |
| JP2024004794A (ja) * | 2022-06-29 | 2024-01-17 | キヤノン株式会社 | 光電変換装置、機器、積層体 |
| JP7543484B2 (ja) | 2022-07-14 | 2024-09-02 | 台湾積體電路製造股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 小画素設計のための誘電体構造 |
| JP2024012088A (ja) * | 2022-07-14 | 2024-01-25 | 台湾積體電路製造股▲ふん▼有限公司 | 小画素設計のための誘電体構造 |
| WO2024024269A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-26 | 2024-02-01 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 固体撮像装置およびその製造方法 |
| WO2024166741A1 (ja) * | 2023-02-08 | 2024-08-15 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 光検出装置および電子機器 |
| WO2025094686A1 (ja) * | 2023-11-02 | 2025-05-08 | ソニーセミコンダクタソリューションズ株式会社 | 光検出装置、および撮像装置、並びに電子機器 |
| WO2025121275A1 (ja) * | 2023-12-04 | 2025-06-12 | キヤノン株式会社 | 半導体装置、半導体装置の製造方法、光電変換システムおよび移動体 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20240155373A (ko) | 2024-10-28 |
| TWI886830B (zh) | 2025-06-11 |
| KR102720386B1 (ko) | 2024-10-23 |
| TWI848008B (zh) | 2024-07-11 |
| EP4580349A3 (en) | 2025-10-01 |
| EP3869563A4 (en) | 2022-01-26 |
| JPWO2020080327A1 (ja) | 2021-09-16 |
| CN112689900B (zh) | 2025-01-21 |
| US20210343776A1 (en) | 2021-11-04 |
| EP3869563A1 (en) | 2021-08-25 |
| CN119967917A (zh) | 2025-05-09 |
| US20250040287A1 (en) | 2025-01-30 |
| US20240258358A1 (en) | 2024-08-01 |
| TW202445853A (zh) | 2024-11-16 |
| US12148787B2 (en) | 2024-11-19 |
| TWI887068B (zh) | 2025-06-11 |
| EP4580349A2 (en) | 2025-07-02 |
| CN112689900A (zh) | 2021-04-20 |
| JP7472032B2 (ja) | 2024-04-22 |
| EP3869563B1 (en) | 2025-05-07 |
| US12615872B2 (en) | 2026-04-28 |
| JP7732022B2 (ja) | 2025-09-01 |
| TW202029487A (zh) | 2020-08-01 |
| TW202429702A (zh) | 2024-07-16 |
| KR20210075075A (ko) | 2021-06-22 |
| KR102855026B1 (ko) | 2025-09-04 |
| JP2024086835A (ja) | 2024-06-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP7732022B2 (ja) | 撮像素子および電子機器 | |
| KR102747711B1 (ko) | 촬상 소자 | |
| JP7541971B2 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
| JP7679198B2 (ja) | 固体撮像装置および電子機器 | |
| WO2020100607A1 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
| JPWO2020121725A1 (ja) | 固体撮像素子および映像記録装置 | |
| WO2020129712A1 (ja) | 撮像装置 | |
| WO2020241717A1 (ja) | 固体撮像装置 | |
| JP7589141B2 (ja) | 撮像装置の製造方法 | |
| US12501733B2 (en) | Semiconductor device and imaging unit | |
| JP2022184222A (ja) | 撮像素子 | |
| JP7860022B2 (ja) | 光検出素子 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 19874154 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2020553169 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20217008366 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2019874154 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20210517 |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 201980059496.0 Country of ref document: CN |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 2019874154 Country of ref document: EP |