WO2020088191A1 - 随机接入方法、装置、设备及存储介质 - Google Patents

随机接入方法、装置、设备及存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020088191A1
WO2020088191A1 PCT/CN2019/109579 CN2019109579W WO2020088191A1 WO 2020088191 A1 WO2020088191 A1 WO 2020088191A1 CN 2019109579 W CN2019109579 W CN 2019109579W WO 2020088191 A1 WO2020088191 A1 WO 2020088191A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
domain resource
time domain
base station
rnti
random access
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PCT/CN2019/109579
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孔垂丽
张公正
乔云飞
罗禾佳
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP19880800.8A priority Critical patent/EP3863360A4/en
Priority to KR1020217014976A priority patent/KR102625339B1/ko
Publication of WO2020088191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020088191A1/zh
Priority to US17/244,487 priority patent/US11889547B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US18/540,088 priority patent/US12369185B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0053—Allocation of signalling, i.e. of overhead other than pilot signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0838—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access using contention-free random access [CFRA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056—Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0061—Error detection codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0091—Signalling for the administration of the divided path, e.g. signalling of configuration information
    • H04L5/0094—Indication of how sub-channels of the path are allocated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0005—Synchronisation arrangements synchronizing of arrival of multiple uplinks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0045—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by altering transmission time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0055—Synchronisation arrangements determining timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0065—Synchronisation arrangements determining timing error of reception due to propagation delay using measurement of signal travel time
    • H04W56/009—Closed loop measurements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/004—Transmission of channel access control information in the uplink, i.e. towards network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/002—Transmission of channel access control information
    • H04W74/006—Transmission of channel access control information in the downlink, i.e. towards the terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/11—Allocation or use of connection identifiers

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular, to a random access method, device, equipment, and storage medium.
  • random access is a common processing mechanism.
  • user equipment English: User Equipment; referred to as: UE
  • UE User Equipment
  • the UE can send a random access preamble (English: preamble) to the base station, and at the same time, the UE can obtain the physical random access channel used by itself to send the random access preamble through the broadcast of the base station (English: Physical Random Access Channel; referred to as: PRACH)
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • the index value of the first time slot the UE can use this index value to calculate the random access wireless network temporary identifier -RNTI
  • the base station can obtain the index value of the first time slot of the PRACH used by itself to receive the random access preamble, and the base station can use the obtained index value Calculate the RA-RNTI, and use the calculated RA-RNTI to scramble the random access response (English: Random Access Response; RAR for short) cyclic redundancy check code (English: Cyclic Redundancy Check; abbreviation: CRC)
  • the base station can send the scrambled RAR to the UE
  • the round-trip delay between the UE and the base station (English: Round Trip Delay; RTD for short) in a wireless communication system is less than the length of a single time slot, so the PRACH used by the UE to send a random access preamble
  • the first time slot and the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble are the same time slot, and their index values are equal. Therefore, the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station and the RA-RN calculated by the UE The RNTI is the same, so the UE can successfully descramble the RAR.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station is not the same as the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE. It will cause the failure of random access, thus affecting the efficiency of random access.
  • This application provides a random access method, device, equipment and storage medium, which can ensure the efficiency of random access.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • a random access method for a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system, the wireless communication system includes the UE and a base station, wherein the round-trip time between the UE and the base station The delay RTD is greater than the duration of a single time slot.
  • the method includes:
  • the index difference being determined according to a time delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station, the second time The domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE;
  • the first time domain resource is the first time slot of the random access physical channel PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station, and the acquiring the first Index value of time domain resources, including:
  • the second time domain resource is the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, and the acquiring the first time domain resource and Index difference between resources in the second time domain, including:
  • the first offset value is obtained after the base station performs a rounding operation on the quotient of the minimum RTD and the duration of a single time slot, and the minimum RTD is based on the Obtained by the shortest distance between the base station and the target cell, the target cell is the cell where the UE is located;
  • the index difference value is obtained according to the first offset value.
  • the using the RA-RNTI to descramble the cyclic redundancy check code CRC of the RAR includes:
  • the CRC of the RAR is descrambled using the first RA-RNTI and the second RA-RNTI, respectively, wherein the first RA-RNTI is based on the first
  • the index difference value and the index value of the first time domain resource are calculated by adding the index value of the second time domain resource
  • the second RA-RNTI is based on the second index difference value and the first
  • the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the index values of the time domain resource is calculated, the first index difference is equal to the first offset value plus 1, and the second index difference is equal to the Add 2 to the first offset value;
  • the first RA-RNTI and the third RA-RNTI are used to descramble the CRC of the RAR respectively, wherein the third RA-RNTI is based on The index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the three index difference value and the index value of the first time domain resource is calculated, and the third index difference value is equal to the first offset value.
  • the RAR carries a processed timing advance TA, and the method further includes:
  • a first formula is used to calculate the unprocessed TA, the first The formula includes:
  • the unprocessed TA is calculated using a second formula according to the processed TA, and the second formula includes:
  • TA is the unprocessed TA
  • TA new is the processed TA
  • p is the first offset value
  • the second time domain resource is the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, and the acquiring the first time domain resource and Index difference between resources in the second time domain, including:
  • the index difference value is obtained according to the second offset value.
  • the using the RA-RNTI to descramble the cyclic redundancy check code CRC of the RAR includes:
  • the fourth RA-RNTI is calculated according to the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the fourth index difference and the index value of the first time domain resource
  • the fifth RA-RNTI RNTI is calculated according to the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the fifth index difference and the index value of the first time domain resource
  • the sixth RA-RNTI is based on the sixth index difference
  • the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding to the index value of the first time domain resource is calculated
  • the fourth index difference is equal to the second offset value minus 1
  • the fifth The index difference value is equal to the second offset value
  • the sixth index difference value is equal to the second offset value plus one.
  • the RAR carries the processed TA, and the method further includes:
  • the third formula includes:
  • TA is the unprocessed TA
  • TA new is the processed TA
  • RTD rough is the rough RTD
  • the base station is an artificial satellite.
  • a random access method for a base station of a wireless communication system, where the wireless communication system includes user equipment UE and the base station, wherein the round-trip time between the UE and the base station The delay RTD is greater than the duration of a single time slot.
  • the method includes:
  • the index difference being determined according to a delay in data transmission between the UE and the base station, the first time The domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station;
  • RA-RNTI to scramble the cyclic redundancy check code CRC of the access response RAR, and send the scrambled RAR to the UE.
  • the first time domain resource is the first time slot of the physical random access channel PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the second time domain resource For the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, the index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource is acquired ,include:
  • the base station is an artificial satellite.
  • a random access method for a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system, where the wireless communication system includes the UE and a base station, where the round-trip time between the UE and the base station The delay RTD is greater than the duration of a single time slot.
  • the method includes:
  • the duration of the first time domain resource is greater than or equal to that between the UE and the base station RTD between;
  • the base station Receiving the random access response RAR sent by the base station, and using the RA-RNTI to descramble the cyclic redundancy check code CRC of the RAR, wherein the CRC of the RAR is used by the base station according to the second
  • the RA-RNTI obtained by the index value of the time domain resource is scrambled
  • the second time domain resource is a time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, and the second The duration of the time domain resource is greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • a random access method for use in a base station of a wireless communication system, where the wireless communication system includes user equipment UE and the base station, wherein, between the UE and the base station
  • the round-trip delay RTD is greater than the duration of a single time slot.
  • the method includes:
  • the duration of the second time domain resource is greater than or equal to the UE and the base station RTD between;
  • the UE is used to utilize the first time domain resource
  • the RA-RNTI obtained by the index value of the UE descrambles the CRC of the RAR
  • the first time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the duration of the first time domain resource is greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • a random access device includes at least one module configured to implement the random access method provided in the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect.
  • a random access device includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the random access method provided in the second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect.
  • a random access device includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the random access method provided in the third aspect or any optional manner of the third aspect.
  • a random access device includes at least one module, and the at least one module is configured to implement the random access method provided in the fourth aspect or any optional manner of the fourth aspect.
  • a communication device includes: a processor and a memory, and instructions are stored in the memory;
  • the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, and the processor implements the instructions to implement the random access method provided in the first aspect or any optional manner of the first aspect, or The processor implements the random access method provided in the third aspect or any optional manner of the third aspect by executing the instruction.
  • a communication device includes: a processor and a memory, and instructions are stored in the memory;
  • the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, and the processor implements the instructions to implement the random access method provided in the second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect, or The processor implements the random access method provided in the fourth aspect or any optional manner of the fourth aspect by executing the instruction.
  • a wireless communication system includes a base station and the user equipment according to the ninth aspect.
  • a wireless communication system includes user equipment and the base station according to the tenth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium in which instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the instructions run on a processor, the processor is caused to perform the first aspect or the first
  • the random access method provided in any optional manner of one aspect, or, causing the processor to execute the random access method provided in the foregoing second aspect or any optional manner of the second aspect, or, so that The processor executes the random access method provided in the third aspect or any optional manner of the third aspect, or causes the processor to execute the random access method provided in the fourth aspect or any optional manner of the fourth aspect Random access method
  • a computer program product in which instructions are stored in the computer program product, which when run on a computer, enables the computer to execute the random access method provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a chip includes programmable logic circuits and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running, the random access method provided in the embodiments of the present application can be executed.
  • the index value of the second time domain resource is obtained by using the index value of the first time domain resource and the index difference value of the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource, and the RA- RNTI, and then, after receiving the RAR sent by the base station, use the acquired RA-RNTI to descramble the CRC of the RAR, where the first time domain resource is the time domain used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station Resources, the second time-domain resource is the time-domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, and the index difference is determined according to the time delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station.
  • the UE can obtain the RA-RNTI by using the index value of the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble.
  • the RNTI is the same, so that the UE can successfully descramble the RAR sent by the base station, thus ensuring the efficiency of random access.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a random access process provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a shortest distance between a UE and a base station according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a random access device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram of another random access device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of yet another random access device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram of yet another random access device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram of yet another random access device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram of another random access device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the process of random access may include five steps:
  • Step 1 The base station sends broadcast information to the UE.
  • the broadcast information may carry the index value of the time slot used by the base station to send the broadcast information.
  • Step 2 The UE sends a message 1 (abbreviated as Msg1) to the base station.
  • Msg1 a message 1
  • the message 1 is also a random access preamble (English: preamble).
  • the UE can obtain the index value carried in the broadcast information sent by the base station as the physical random access channel (English: Physical Random Access Channel; PRACH for short) used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station Index value of the first time slot. Then, the UE can calculate the wireless network temporary identifier (English: English: Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identity; abbreviation: RA-RNTI) based on the obtained index value.
  • the wireless network temporary identifier English: English: Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identity; abbreviation: RA-RNTI
  • Step 3 The base station sends a message 2 (abbreviation: Msg 2) to the UE.
  • Msg 2 a message 2 (abbreviation: Msg 2)
  • the message 2 is also a random access response (English: Random Access Response; RAR for short).
  • the base station may obtain the index value of the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble.
  • the base station can calculate the RA-RNTI based on the obtained index value, and then the base station can use the calculated RA-RNTI to scramble the cyclic redundancy check code (English: Cyclic Redundancy Check; CRC for short) of RAR, Then, the base station may send the scrambled RAR to the UE.
  • cyclic redundancy check code English: Cyclic Redundancy Check; CRC for short
  • Step 4 the UE sends a message 3 (abbreviated as Msg 3) to the base station.
  • Msg a message 3
  • the UE After receiving the RAR sent by the base station, the UE can use the RA-RNTI calculated in step 2 to descramble the CRC of the RAR. After the descrambling is successful, the UE can obtain the information carried in the RAR. The UE can determine whether the base station successfully received the random access preamble sent by the UE according to the information carried in the RAR. After the UE determines that the base station successfully received the random access preamble sent by the UE, the UE can send a message 3 to the base station. The message 3 may carry the UE's identity.
  • Step 5 The base station sends a message 4 (abbreviated as Msg 4) to the UE.
  • Msg 4 a message 4 (abbreviated as Msg 4)
  • the base station may determine whether the random access of the UE is successful based on the identifier of the UE carried in the message 3. Then, the base station can send a message 4 to the UE, and through the message 4, the base station can indicate to the UE whether random access is successful.
  • the round-trip delay between the UE and the base station in a wireless communication system is less than the duration of a single time slot, therefore, the time used by the base station to send broadcast information to the UE
  • the first slot of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station and the first slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble are the same slot.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the same as the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station. Therefore, the UE can successfully descramble the RAR sent by the base station.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE and the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station are likely to be different. At this time, the UE cannot successfully descramble the RAR, so it will cause the failure of random access and thus affect the random access. Efficiency.
  • the base station when the RTD between the UE and the base station is longer than a single time slot, if the base station sends broadcast information to the UE in the time slot with an index value of 0, the UE is likely to receive it only in the time slot with an index value of 3.
  • the broadcast information After receiving the broadcast information, the UE may send a random access preamble to the base station, where the index value of the first time slot of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station is 3.
  • the base station may receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, where the index value of the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE may be 6.
  • the UE calculates the RA-RNTI based on the index value 0, and the base station calculates the RA-RNTI based on the index value 6, which will cause the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE to be different from the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station.
  • the RAR cannot be successfully descrambled, so random access fails, which affects the efficiency of random access.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a random access method, device, device and storage medium.
  • the UE may use the index value of the first time domain resource and the first time domain resource
  • the difference between the index of the second time domain resource and the second time domain resource is used to obtain the index value of the second time domain resource
  • the index value of the second time domain resource is used to obtain the RA-RNTI
  • the UE can use The obtained RA-RNTI descrambles the CRC of the RAR, where the first time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station, and the second time domain resource is the random received by the base station from the UE
  • the time domain resource used for accessing the preamble, the index difference is determined according to the time delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station, so that when the RTD of the UE and the base station is greater than the length of a single time slot,
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment involved in a random access method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the implementation environment may include a base station 10 and a UE 20, the base station 10 and the UE 20 may be connected through a wireless communication network, and the UE 20 may be any UE served by the base station 10.
  • the above wireless communication network may be a fifth generation mobile communication technology (English: The Fifth Generation Mobile Technology (abbreviation: 5G) communication network, or a long-term evolution (English: Long Term Evolution Evolution abbreviation: LTE) communication network, or , Other wireless communication networks similar to LTE communication networks or 5G communication networks.
  • 5G Fifth Generation Mobile Technology
  • LTE Long Term Evolution Evolution abbreviation: LTE
  • the RTD between the UE 20 and the base station 10 is greater than the duration of a single time slot.
  • the base station 10 may be an artificial satellite.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a random access method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access method can be applied to the implementation environment shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the random access method can be It includes the following steps:
  • Step 301 The base station sends broadcast information to the UE.
  • the broadcast information sent by the base station to the UE may be used to indicate the index value of the first time-domain resource, where the first time-domain resource is the time-domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station.
  • the first time domain resource may be the first time slot of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station.
  • the broadcast information sent by the base station to the UE may carry the index value of the time slot used by the base station to send the broadcast information.
  • the UE may obtain the index value carried by the broadcast information as the UE sending random access to the base station
  • the index value of the first time slot of the PRACH used by the preamble is also the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the assignment rule of the index value of the time domain resource may include the following two points: 1. The index value of any two adjacent time domain resources in the time domain The difference is 1; 2. The index value of the time domain resource relatively front in the time domain is smaller than the index value of the time domain resource relatively backward in the time domain.
  • Step 302 The UE sends a random access preamble to the base station through the first time domain resource, and obtains the index value of the first time domain resource according to the received broadcast information.
  • the UE may obtain the index value carried in the broadcast information as the index value of the first slot of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station , That is, the index value acquired as the first time domain resource.
  • Step 303 The UE obtains the index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource.
  • the second time domain resource is a time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE.
  • the second time domain resource may be the base station receiving the random access preamble sent by the UE The first time slot of PRACH used by the code.
  • the so-called index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource refers to the absolute value of the difference between the index value of the first time domain resource and the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the index difference may be determined according to the time delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station.
  • the so-called "time delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station” may adopt the UE Characterize with the RTD between the base station.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides two methods for the UE to obtain the index difference value, and the two methods will be described below one by one:
  • the UE receives the first offset value sent by the base station, and calculates the index difference value according to the first offset value.
  • This approach can include the following steps:
  • the base station obtains the shortest distance between itself and the target cell.
  • the target cell may be the cell where the UE involved in the embodiment of the present application is located, and the shortest distance between the base station and the target cell refers to the geographically closest distance between the base station and the edge location of the target cell.
  • the shortest distance between the base station J and the target cell C may be d1, and the shortest distance d1 may be calculated by the base station J according to its own orbit height h and beam angle ⁇ .
  • the base station calculates the minimum RTD according to the closest distance.
  • the minimum RTD refers to the smallest possible value of the RTD between the base station and the UE. Obviously, the actual RTD between the base station and the UE should be greater than or equal to the minimum RTD.
  • the minimum RTD can be obtained by dividing the closest distance obtained in step A1 by the speed of the electromagnetic wave and then multiplying by 2.
  • the base station obtains the first offset value after rounding the quotient of the minimum RTD and the time length of a single time slot.
  • the duration of a single time slot is usually 0.5 ms, and in the 5G communication system, the duration of a single time slot can be 1 ms or 0.5 ms.
  • the above rounding operation may be a rounding down operation or a rounding up operation.
  • the base station sends the first offset value to the UE.
  • the base station may send the first offset value to the UE in a broadcast manner.
  • the base station may broadcast a system information block (English: System information block; SIB for short) carrying the first offset value to the UE, where the SIB may include an offset value field, and the offset value field is used For carrying the first offset value.
  • SIB System information block
  • the RTD between the artificial satellite (base station) and the UE in transparent forwarding English: Bent Pipe
  • the first offset calculated by the base station is usually large.
  • the number of occupied bits is large. Therefore, considering the above situation, the number of bits occupied by the offset value field in the SIB is generally greater than the target threshold.
  • the target threshold may be 10.
  • the base station may send the first offset value to the UE in step 301.
  • the broadcast information in step 301 may carry the first offset value.
  • the UE calculates the index difference according to the first offset value.
  • the difference between the actual RTD and the minimum RTD between the UE and the base station is less than or equal to the duration of a single time slot. Therefore, the difference between the number of slots included in the actual RTD (the number of slots is an integer) and the number of slots included in the smallest RTD (the number of slots is an integer) should be 0 or 1 , Where the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is the index difference.
  • the index difference may include the first index difference and the second index Difference, where the first index difference is equal to the first offset value plus 1, the second index difference is equal to the first offset value plus 2, when the rounding operation in step A3 is the rounding up operation,
  • the index difference value may include a first index difference value and a third index difference value, where the third index difference value is equal to the first offset value.
  • the actual RTD between the UE and the base station may be 2.9 ms or 3.2 ms.
  • the rounding operation in step A3 is a rounding down operation, and when the duration of a single time slot is 1 ms, the first offset value is 2. At this time, if the actual RTD between the UE and the base station is 2.9 ms, the actual RTD includes 3 timeslots, which is equal to the first index difference; if the actual RTD between the UE and the base station is 3.2 ms The number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 4, which is equal to the second index difference.
  • the rounding operation in step A3 is an upward rounding operation, and when the duration of a single time slot is 1 ms, the first offset value is 3.
  • the first offset value is 3.
  • the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 3, which is equal to the third index difference; if the actual RTD between the UE and the base station is 3.2 ms
  • the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 4, which is equal to the first index difference.
  • the UE receives the indication information sent by the base station, and obtains the index difference according to the indication information.
  • This approach can include the following steps:
  • the base station obtains a rough RTD between itself and the UE.
  • the base station can obtain the rough RTD according to its own orbital height and load mode.
  • the load mode may include a transparent forwarding mode and a non-transparent forwarding (English: regenerative) mode.
  • the so-called transparent forwarding mode refers to that the artificial satellite does not process the communication data sent by the UE, but forwards the communication data sent by the UE to the ground device
  • the ground equipment processes the communication data sent by the UE.
  • the so-called non-transparent forwarding method refers to the processing of the communication data sent by the UE by the artificial satellite.
  • the above rough RTD refers to the inaccurate value of the RTD between the base station and the UE.
  • the actual RTD between the base station and the UE may be smaller than the rough RTD, may be larger than the rough RTD, or may be exactly equal to The rough RTD.
  • the difference between the actual RTD and the rough RTD between the base station and the UE is generally less than the target difference threshold, and the target difference threshold is usually less than or equal to the duration of a single time slot.
  • the rough RTD is not accurate , But the actual RTD between the base station and the UE is not much different.
  • the base station sends indication information to the UE, where the indication information is used to indicate the rough RTD.
  • the base station may send the indication information to the UE by broadcasting.
  • the base station may broadcast the SIB carrying the indication information to the UE.
  • the base station may send the indication information to the UE in step 301.
  • the broadcast information in step 301 may carry the indication information.
  • the UE After receiving the indication information, the UE obtains a rough RTD according to the indication information.
  • the UE may maintain a comparison table of indication information and rough RTD. After receiving the indication information, the UE may query the comparison table according to the indication information, so as to obtain the indication information from the comparison table Corresponding rough RTD.
  • Table 1 is a possible example of the comparison table maintained in the UE:
  • the UE performs a rounding operation on the quotient of the rough RTD and the duration of a single time slot to obtain the second offset value.
  • the rounding operation here may be an upward rounding operation or a downward rounding operation.
  • the UE obtains the index difference according to the second offset value.
  • the number of slots included in the actual RTD between the UE and the base station (the number of slots is an integer) and the number of slots included in the rough RTD (the number of slots is an integer) ) Can be -1, 0 or 1, where the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is the index difference.
  • the index difference may include a fourth index difference and a fifth index difference Value and the sixth index difference, where the fourth index difference is equal to the second offset minus 1, the fifth index difference is equal to the second offset, and the sixth index difference is equal to the second offset Add 1;
  • the index difference may include a fifth index difference, a sixth index difference, and a seventh index difference, where the seventh index difference The value is equal to the second offset value plus 2.
  • the actual RTD between the UE and the base station may be 11.99 ms, 12.55 ms, or 13.1 ms.
  • step B4 the rounding operation is an upward rounding operation, and when the length of a single time slot is 1 ms, the second offset value is 13.
  • the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 12, which is equal to the fourth index difference; if the actual RTD between the UE and the base station is 12.55 ms , The number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 13, which is equal to the fifth index difference; if the actual RTD between the UE and the base station is 13.1 ms, the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 14, It is equal to the sixth index difference.
  • the rounding operation in step B4 is a rounding down operation, and when the length of a single time slot is 1 ms, the second offset value is 12.
  • the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 12, which is equal to the fifth index difference; if the actual RTD between the UE and the base station is 12.55 ms , The number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 13, which is equal to the sixth index difference; if the actual RTD between the UE and the base station is 13.1ms, the number of time slots included in the actual RTD is 14, It is equal to the seventh index difference.
  • Step 304 The UE adds the index value of the first time domain resource and the index difference to obtain the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the UE may compare the first index difference value with the index value of the first time domain resource Add to obtain the first index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the UE can add the second index difference value to the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the second index value of the second time domain resource;
  • the rounding operation in step A3 is an upward rounding operation
  • the UE may add the first index difference to the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the first index value of the second time domain resource, and at the same time, the UE may The third index difference is added to the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the third index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the UE may compare the fourth index difference with the index value of the first time domain resource Add to obtain the fourth index value of the second time domain resource, and at the same time, the UE can add the fifth index difference value to the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the fifth index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the sixth index difference may be added to the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the sixth index value of the second time domain resource; when the rounding operation in step B4 is a rounding down operation, the UE may The fifth index difference value is added to the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the fifth index value of the second time domain resource, and at the same time, the UE can add the sixth index difference value to the index value of the first time domain resource To obtain the sixth index value of the second time domain resource, and the UE may add the seventh index difference value to the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the seventh index value of the second time domain resource.
  • Step 305 The UE calculates the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the second time domain resource acquired by the UE.
  • the UE may calculate the RA-RNTI using a fourth formula, where the fourth formula includes:
  • RA-RNTI 1 + s_id_UE + 14 ⁇ t_id_gNB_1 + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ f_id_UE + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ 8 ⁇ ul_carrier_id_UE
  • s_id_UE is the index value of the first orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (English: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing; OFDM for short) symbol of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • t_id_gNB_1 is the base station obtained by the UE
  • the index value of the first time slot of the PRACH used for receiving the random access preamble sent by the UE that is, the index value of the second time-domain resource
  • f_id_UE is used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 0 or 1.
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 0.
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 1.
  • t_id_gNB_1 when the rounding operation in step A3 is a rounding down operation, t_id_gNB_1 may be the first index value and the second Index value, when t_id_gNB_1 is the first index value, the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the first RA-RNTI, and when t_id_gNB_1 is the second index value, the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the second RA-RNTI; when When the rounding operation in step A3 is an upward rounding operation, t_id_gNB_1 may be the first index value and the third index value.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the first RA- RNTI
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the third RA-RNTI
  • t_id_gNB_1 may be the fourth index value, the fifth index value, and the sixth Index value.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the fourth RA-RNTI.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the fifth RA-RNTI.
  • t_id_gNB_1 When t_id_gNB_1 is the sixth index value, the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the sixth RA-RNTI; when the rounding operation in step B4 is a rounding down operation, t_id_gNB_1 may be the above-mentioned fifth index value and the Six index values and the above seventh index value, when t_id_gNB_1 is the fifth index value, the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the fifth RA-RNTI, and when t_id_gNB_1 is the sixth index value, the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is For the sixth RA-RNTI, when t_id_gNB_1 is the seventh index value, the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE is the seventh RA-RNTI.
  • Step 306 The base station receives the random access preamble sent by the UE through the second time domain resource, and obtains the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the index difference value obtained by the UE in step 303 may cover all possible values of the actual RTD between the UE and the base station. therefore:
  • the first index value and the second value of the second time domain resource calculated by the UE can cover all possible values of the actual index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the index value of the second time domain resource acquired by the base station must be the first value calculated by the UE in step 304.
  • the index value can cover all possible values of the actual index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the index value of the second time domain resource acquired by the base station must be the first value calculated by the UE in step 304.
  • the fourth index value and fifth index of the second time domain resource calculated by the UE may cover all possible values of the actual index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the index value of the second time domain resource acquired by the base station must be the UE in step 304
  • the fifth index value, the sixth index value, and the seventh index value of the domain resource may cover all possible values of the actual index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the second time acquired by the base station The index value of the domain resource must be one of the fifth index value, the sixth index value, and the seventh index value of the second time domain resource calculated by the UE in step 304.
  • Step 307 The base station calculates the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the second time domain resource acquired by itself.
  • the base station may calculate the RA-RNTI according to the fifth formula, where the fifth formula includes:
  • RA-RNTI 1 + s_id_gNB + 14 ⁇ t_id_gNB_2 + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ f_id_gNB + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ 8 ⁇ ul_carrier_id_gNB
  • s_id_gNB is the index value of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • t_id_gNB_2 is the first PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the index value of the time slots that is, the index value of the second time domain resource
  • f_id_gNB is the index value of the frequency domain where the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 0
  • the uplink carrier used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE is a NUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 0, and the uplink carrier used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE is a SUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 1.
  • s_id_UE in the fourth formula is equal to s_id_gNB in the fifth formula
  • f_id_UE in the fourth formula is equal to f_id_gNB in the fifth formula
  • ul_carrier_id_UE in the fourth formula is equal to ul_carrier_id_gNB in the fifth formula.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station when the rounding operation in step A3 is a rounding down operation, the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station must be the first calculated by the UE One of an RNTI and a second RA-RNTI; when the rounding operation in step A3 is an upward rounding operation, the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station must be the first RNTI and the third RA-RNTI calculated by the UE one of.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station when the rounding operation in step B4 is an upward rounding operation, the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station must be the fourth RA-RNTI calculated by the UE , One of the fifth RA-RNTI and the sixth RA-RNTI; when the rounding operation in step B4 is a rounding down operation, the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station must be the fifth RA-RNTI calculated by the UE , One of the sixth RA-RNTI and the seventh RA-RNTI.
  • Step 308 The base station scrambles the CRC of the RAR using the RA-RNTI calculated by itself, and sends the scrambled RAR to the UE.
  • the base station can use the RA-RNTI to partially scramble the CRC of the RAR.
  • the base station may use the RA-RNTI to scramble the CRC of the RAR as a whole.
  • Step 309 The UE receives the RAR sent by the base station, and uses the RA-RNTI calculated by itself to descramble the CRC of the RAR.
  • the UE may use the first RA-RNTI and the second RA-RNTI to RAR The CRC is descrambled.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station must be one of the first RNTI and the second RA-RNTI calculated by the UE.
  • the UE must successfully descramble the RAR; when the rounding operation in step A3 is an upward rounding operation, the UE can use the first RA-RNTI and the third RA-RNTI to descramble the CRC of the RAR, because in this case, the base station calculates the RA- The RNTI must be one of the first RNTI and the third RA-RNTI calculated by the UE. Therefore, the UE must be able to successfully descramble the RAR.
  • the UE may use the fourth RA-RNTI, the fifth RA-RNTI and the sixth RA-RNTI descrambles the CRC of RAR.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station must be the one calculated by the UE in the fourth RA-RNTI, fifth RA-RNTI, and sixth RA-RNTI.
  • the UE must be able to successfully descramble the RAR; when the rounding operation in step B4 is a rounding down operation, the UE can use the fifth RA-RNTI, sixth RA-RNTI, and seventh RA-RNTI pair respectively
  • the CRC of the RAR is descrambled.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station must be one of the fifth RA-RNTI, the sixth RA-RNTI, and the seventh RA-RNTI calculated by the UE. Therefore, The UE must be able to successfully descramble the RAR.
  • Step 310 The UE obtains unprocessed timing advance (English: Timing Advance; abbreviated: TA) from the RAR.
  • TA Timing Advance
  • the TA between the base station and the UE is also relatively large. Therefore, the number of bits occupied by the TA is likely to be greater than that used for bearer in the RAR The number of bits in the TA field. Considering this situation, the RAR sent by the base station to the UE may carry the processed TA, and the processed TA occupies less bits than the unprocessed TA. Therefore, the processed TA The bit occupied by TA is generally smaller than the number of bits in the field used to carry TA in RAR, so as to ensure the normal transmission of TA.
  • the UE can use the processed TA in the RAR,
  • the unprocessed TA is calculated using a first formula, which includes:
  • TA is the unprocessed TA
  • TA new is the processed TA
  • p is the first offset value
  • the UE may calculate the unprocessed TA according to the processed TA using a second formula, which includes:
  • TA is the unprocessed TA
  • TA new is the processed TA
  • p is the first offset value
  • the UE may calculate the unprocessed TA according to the processed TA using a third formula, and the third formula includes:
  • TA TA new + RTD rough .
  • TA is an unprocessed TA
  • TA new is a processed TA
  • RTD rough is a rough RTD.
  • Step 311 The UE sends a message 3 to the base station.
  • Step 312 The base station sends a message 4 to the UE.
  • step 311 and step 312 are the same as the technical processes of step 4 and step 5 in the random access process above, which will not be repeated here in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the random access method obtains the index of the second time domain resource by using the index value of the first time domain resource and the index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource Value, and use the index value of the second time domain resource to obtain the RA-RNTI, and then, after receiving the RAR sent by the base station, use the obtained RA-RNTI to descramble the CRC of the RAR, where the first time domain
  • the resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the second time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the index difference is based on the difference between the UE and the base station
  • the data transmission delay is determined, so that when the RTD of the UE and the base station is greater than the length of a single time slot, the UE can use the index value of the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble to obtain the RA-RNTI, so
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access method can be applied to the implementation environment shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 5, the random access method can be It includes the following steps:
  • Step 501 The base station sends broadcast information to the UE.
  • step 501 is the same as the technical process of step 301, and the embodiments of the present application will not repeat them here.
  • Step 502 The UE sends a random access preamble to the base station through the first time domain resource, and obtains the index value of the first time domain resource according to the received broadcast information.
  • step 502 is the same as the technical process of step 302, and the embodiments of the present application will not repeat them here.
  • Step 503 The UE calculates the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the first time domain resource acquired by the UE.
  • the UE may calculate the RA-RNTI using a sixth formula, where the sixth formula includes:
  • RA-RNTI 1 + s_id_UE + 14 ⁇ t_id_UE_1 + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ f_id_UE + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ 8 ⁇ ul_carrier_id_UE
  • s_id_UE is the index value of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • t_id_UE_1 is the first time of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station by itself
  • the index value of the slot that is, the index value of the first time-domain resource
  • f_id_UE is the index value of the frequency domain of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 0 or 1, when When the uplink carrier used by the UE to send the random access preamble is a NUL carrier, the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 0.
  • the uplink carrier used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station is a SUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE Is 1.
  • Step 504 The base station receives the random access preamble sent by the UE through the second time domain resource, and obtains the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the base station After receiving the random access preamble sent by the UE, the base station can measure the random access preamble. Through the measurement, the base station can obtain the TA between itself and the UE.
  • Step 505 The base station obtains the index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource.
  • the index difference can be determined according to the time delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station.
  • the so-called "time delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station" can be It is characterized by the time between TAs, where the number of time slots included in the TA between the UE and the base station (the number of time slots is an integer) is the index difference.
  • the base station may round up the quotient between the TA between itself and the UE and the duration of a single time slot to obtain the index difference.
  • Step 506 The base station subtracts the index value of the second time domain resource and the index difference to obtain the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • Step 507 The base station calculates the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the first time domain resource acquired by itself.
  • the base station may calculate the RA-RNTI using a seventh formula, where the seventh formula includes:
  • RA-RNTI 1 + s_id_gNB + 14 ⁇ t_id_UE_2 + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ f_id_gNB + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ 8 ⁇ ul_carrier_id_gNB
  • s_id_gNB is the index value of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • t_id_UE_2 is the first value of the PRACH used by the base station to send the random access preamble to the base station by the UE
  • the index value of the time slot that is, the index value of the first time domain resource
  • f_id_gNB is the index value of the frequency domain where the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 0 or 1.
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 0.
  • the uplink carrier used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE is a SUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 1.
  • s_id_UE in the sixth formula is equal to s_id_gNB in the seventh formula
  • f_id_UE in the sixth formula is equal to f_id_gNB in the seventh formula
  • ul_carrier_id_UE in the sixth formula is equal to ul_carrier_id_gNB in the seventh formula.
  • the index value of the first time domain resource acquired by the base station is equal to the index value of the first time domain resource acquired by the UE, that is, t_id_UE_1 and t_id_UE_2 are equal. Therefore, the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station is calculated by the UE RA-RNTI is the same.
  • Step 508 The base station uses the RA-RNTI calculated by itself to scramble the CRC of the RAR, and sends the scrambled RAR to the UE.
  • step 508 is the same as the technical process of step 308, and the embodiments of the present application will not repeat them here.
  • Step 509 The UE receives the RAR sent by the base station, and uses the RA-RNTI calculated by itself to descramble the CRC of the RAR.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station is the same as the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE. Therefore, the UE can successfully descramble the RAR by using the RA-RNTI calculated by itself.
  • Step 510 The UE sends a message 3 to the base station.
  • Step 511 The base station sends a message 4 to the UE.
  • step 510 and step 511 are the same as the technical processes of step 4 and step 5 in the random access process above, which will not be repeated here in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the random access method obtains the index of the first time domain resource by using the index value of the second time domain resource and the index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource Value and use the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the RA-RNTI, and then use the obtained RA-RNTI to scramble the CRC of the RAR and send the scrambled RAR to the UE, where the first time The domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station, the second time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, and the index difference is based on the UE and the base station
  • the data transmission delay is determined, so that when the RTD of the UE and the base station is greater than the length of a single time slot, the base station can use the index value of the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station to obtain RA- RNTI, therefore
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a random access method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access method can be applied to the implementation environment shown in FIG. 2. As shown in FIG. 6, the random access method can be It includes the following steps:
  • Step 601 The base station sends broadcast information to the UE.
  • the broadcast information may carry the index value of the time domain resource used by the base station to send the broadcast information, where the time duration of the time domain resource is greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • the The time domain resource may include at least one subframe or at least one radio frame, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Step 602 The UE sends a random access preamble to the base station through the first time domain resource, and obtains the index value of the first time domain resource according to the received broadcast information.
  • the duration of the first time domain resource may be greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • the first time domain resource may include at least one subframe or at least one radio frame, etc. This is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the UE may acquire the index value carried in the broadcast information sent by the base station in step 601 as the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • Step 603 The UE calculates the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the UE may calculate the RA-RNTI using an eighth formula, where the eighth formula includes:
  • RA-RNTI 1 + s_id_UE + 14 ⁇ t_id_new1 + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ f_id_UE + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ 8 ⁇ ul_carrier_id_UE
  • s_id_UE is the index value of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • t_id_new1 is the index value of the first time domain resource
  • f_id_UE is the location where the UE sends the random access preamble to the base station
  • the index value of the frequency domain where the PRACH is used.
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 0 or 1.
  • the uplink carrier used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station is a NUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 0.
  • the uplink carrier used for sending the random access preamble is a SUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_UE is 1.
  • Step 604 The base station receives the random access preamble sent by the UE through the second time domain resource, and obtains the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the duration of the second time domain resource is equal to the duration of the first time domain resource.
  • the duration of the second time domain resource may be greater than Or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • the second time domain resource may include at least one subframe or at least one radio frame, etc., which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • Step 605 The base station calculates the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the base station may calculate the RA-RNTI using a ninth formula, where the ninth formula includes:
  • RA-RNTI 1 + s_id_gNB + 14 ⁇ t_id_new2 + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ f_id_gNB + 14 ⁇ 80 ⁇ 8 ⁇ ul_carrier_id_gNB
  • s_id_gNB is the index value of the first OFDM symbol of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • t_id_new2 is the index value of the second time domain resource
  • f_id_gNB is the random access sent by the base station to the UE
  • the index value of the frequency domain where the PRACH used by the preamble is located.
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 0 or 1.
  • the uplink carrier used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE is a NUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 0.
  • the uplink carrier used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE is a SUL carrier
  • the value of ul_carrier_id_gNB is 1.
  • s_id_UE in the eighth formula is equal to s_id_gNB in the ninth formula
  • f_id_UE in the eighth formula is equal to f_id_gNB in the ninth formula
  • ul_carrier_id_UE in the eighth formula is equal to ul_carrier_id_gNB in the ninth formula.
  • the duration of the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are equal, and are both greater than or equal to the RTD between the base station and the UE. Therefore, the base station sends broadcast information to the UE.
  • the time domain resources used, the first time domain resources and the second time domain resources are the same time domain resources, that is, t_id_new1 and t_id_new2 are equal, so the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station is the same as the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE .
  • Step 606 The base station uses the RA-RNTI calculated by itself to scramble the CRC of the RAR, and sends the scrambled RAR to the UE.
  • step 606 is the same as the technical process of step 308, and the embodiments of the present application will not repeat them here.
  • Step 607 The UE receives the RAR sent by the base station, and uses the RA-RNTI calculated by itself to descramble the CRC of the RAR.
  • the RA-RNTI calculated by the base station is the same as the RA-RNTI calculated by the UE. Therefore, the UE can successfully descramble the RAR by using the RA-RNTI calculated by itself.
  • Step 608 The UE sends a message 3 to the base station.
  • Step 609 The base station sends a message 4 to the UE.
  • step 608 and step 609 are the same as the technical processes of step 4 and step 5 in the random access process above, which will not be repeated here in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the UE uses the index value of the first time domain resource to calculate the RA-RNTI
  • the base station uses the index value of the second time domain resource to calculate the RA-RNTI
  • the first time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the second time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, because the first time
  • the duration of the domain resource is equal to the duration of the second time domain resource, and the duration of the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are both greater than or equal to the RTD between the base station and the UE.
  • the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are the same time-domain resources, so the calculated RA-RNTI of the base station and the UE is the same, so that the UE can successfully descramble the RAR sent by the base station, so the efficiency of random access can be guaranteed.
  • FIG. 7 shows a block diagram of a random access device 700 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access device 700 may be a UE in the implementation environment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the random access device 700 may include: a sending module 701, a first acquiring module 702, a second acquiring module 703, and a third acquiring Module 704, fourth acquisition module 705, receiving module 706, and descrambling module 707.
  • the sending module 701 is configured to send a random access preamble to the base station through the first time domain resource.
  • the first obtaining module 702 is used to obtain the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the second obtaining module 703 is configured to obtain an index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource, the index difference is determined according to a delay of data transmission between the UE and the base station,
  • the second time domain resource is a time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE.
  • the third obtaining module 704 is configured to add the index value of the first time domain resource and the index difference to obtain the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the fourth obtaining module 705 is configured to obtain the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the second time domain resource
  • the receiving module 706 is configured to receive the RAR sent by the base station.
  • the descrambling module 707 is used to descramble the CRC of the RAR by using the RA-RNTI.
  • the first time domain resource is the first time slot of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the first acquisition module 702 is configured to: receive Broadcast information sent by the base station, where the broadcast information is used to indicate the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the second time domain resource is the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the second acquisition module 703 is used to: Receiving a first offset value sent by the base station, the first offset value is obtained after the base station performs a rounding operation on the quotient of the minimum RTD and the duration of a single time slot, the minimum RTD is based on the difference between the base station and the target cell
  • the target cell is the cell where the UE is located, and the index difference is obtained according to the first offset value.
  • the descrambling module 707 is configured to: when the rounding operation is a rounding down operation, use the first RA-RNTI and the second RA-RNTI to perform CRC on the RAR Descrambling, wherein the first RA-RNTI is calculated according to the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the first index difference and the index value of the first time domain resource, the second RA-RNTI Calculated according to the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the second index difference value and the index value of the first time domain resource, the first index difference value is equal to the first offset value plus 1, the The second index difference is equal to the first offset value plus 2; when the rounding operation is an upward rounding operation, the first RA-RNTI and the third RA-RNTI are used to descramble the CRC of the RAR, The third RA-RNTI is calculated according to the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the third index difference and the index value of the first time domain resource, and the third index difference
  • the second time domain resource is the first time slot of the PRACH used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the second acquisition module 703 is used to: Receiving indication information sent by the base station, where the indication information is used to indicate a rough RTD between the base station and the UE; the quotient of the rough RTD and the duration of a single time slot is rounded up to obtain a second offset value; The second offset value acquires the index difference value.
  • the descrambling module 707 is configured to: descramble the CRC of the RAR using the fourth RA-RNTI, the fifth RA-RNTI, and the sixth RA-RNTI, respectively;
  • Four RA-RNTIs are calculated according to the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding the fourth index difference and the index value of the first time domain resource, and the fifth RA-RNTI is based on the fifth index difference
  • the index value of the second time domain resource obtained by adding to the index value of the first time domain resource is calculated, and the sixth RA-RNTI is based on the difference between the sixth index difference and the index value of the first time domain resource
  • the calculated index value of the second time domain resource is added, the fourth index difference is equal to the second offset minus 1, the fifth index difference is equal to the second offset, and the sixth index difference The value is equal to the second offset value plus 1.
  • the base station is an artificial satellite.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a random access device 800.
  • the random access device 800 also includes A calculation module 708, a second calculation module 709 and a third calculation module 710.
  • the RAR carries the processed TA
  • the first calculation module 708 is configured to successfully resolve the CRC of the RAR using the first RA-RNTI or the third RA-RNTI
  • a first formula is used to calculate the unprocessed TA.
  • the first formula includes:
  • the second calculation module 709 is used to calculate the unprocessed TA according to the processed TA according to the processed TA when the CRC of the RAR is successfully descrambled using the second RA-RNTI, the second The formula includes:
  • TA is the unprocessed TA
  • TA new is the processed TA
  • p is the first offset value
  • the third calculation module 710 is configured to use the processed TA according to the processed TA when the fourth RA-RNTI, the fifth RA-RNTI, or the sixth RA-RNTI successfully descrambles the CRC of the RAR
  • the third formula calculates the unprocessed TA.
  • the third formula includes:
  • TA TA new + RTD rough .
  • TA is the unprocessed TA
  • TA new is the processed TA
  • RTD rough is the rough RTD
  • the random access device obtains the index of the second time domain resource by using the index value of the first time domain resource and the index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource Value, and use the index value of the second time domain resource to obtain the RA-RNTI, and then, after receiving the RAR sent by the base station, use the obtained RA-RNTI to descramble the CRC of the RAR, where the first time domain
  • the resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the second time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the index difference is based on the difference between the UE and the base station
  • the data transmission delay is determined, so that when the RTD of the UE and the base station is greater than the length of a single time slot, the UE can use the index value of the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble to obtain the RA-RNTI, so
  • FIG. 9 shows a block diagram of a random access device 900 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access device 900 may be a base station in the implementation environment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the random access device 900 may include: a receiving module 901, a first acquiring module 902, a second acquiring module 903, and a third acquiring Module 904, fourth acquisition module 905, scrambling module 906, and sending module 907.
  • the receiving module 901 is configured to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE through the second time domain resource.
  • the first obtaining module 902 is used to obtain the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the second obtaining module 903 is configured to obtain an index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource, and the index difference is determined according to a delay in transmitting data between the UE and the base station,
  • the first time domain resource is a time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station.
  • the third obtaining module 904 is configured to subtract the index value of the second time domain resource and the index difference to obtain the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the fourth obtaining module 905 is configured to obtain the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the scrambling module 906 is used to scramble the CRC of RAR by using the RA-RNTI.
  • the sending module 907 is configured to send the scrambled RAR to the UE.
  • the first time domain resource is the first time slot of the PRACH used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the second time domain resource is the base station receiving the The first time slot of the PRACH used by the random access preamble sent by the UE
  • the second obtaining module 903 is configured to obtain a timing advance TA and round up the quotient of the duration of the TA and a single time slot The operation obtains the index difference.
  • the base station is an artificial satellite.
  • the random access device obtains the index of the first time domain resource by using the index value of the second time domain resource and the index difference between the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource Value and use the index value of the first time domain resource to obtain the RA-RNTI, and then use the obtained RA-RNTI to scramble the CRC of the RAR and send the scrambled RAR to the UE, where the first time The domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station, the second time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, and the index difference is based on the UE and the base station
  • the data transmission delay is determined, so that when the RTD of the UE and the base station is greater than the length of a single time slot, the base station can use the index value of the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station to obtain RA- RNTI, therefore
  • FIG. 10 shows a block diagram of a random access device 1000 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access device 1000 may be a UE in the implementation environment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the random access device 1000 may include: a sending module 1001, a first acquiring module 1002, a second acquiring module 1003, and a receiving module 1004 ⁇ Descrambling module 1005.
  • the sending module 1001 is configured to send a random access preamble to the base station through the first time domain resource.
  • the first acquiring module 1002 is configured to acquire the index value of the first time domain resource, and the duration of the first time domain resource is greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • the second acquiring module 1003 is configured to acquire the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the receiving module 1004 is configured to receive the RAR sent by the base station.
  • the descrambling module 1005 is configured to use the RA-RNTI to descramble the CRC of the RAR, wherein the CRC of the RAR is scrambled by the base station using the RA-RNTI obtained according to the index value of the second time domain resource,
  • the second time domain resource is a time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, and the duration of the second time domain resource is greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • the random access device calculates RA-RNTI by using the index value of the first time domain resource by the UE, and calculates RA-RNTI by the base station using the index value of the second time domain resource, where ,
  • the first time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the second time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, because the first time
  • the duration of the domain resource is equal to the duration of the second time domain resource, and the duration of the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are both greater than or equal to the RTD between the base station and the UE.
  • the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are the same time-domain resources, so the calculated RA-RNTI of the base station and the UE is the same, so that the UE can successfully descramble the RAR sent by the base station, so the efficiency of random access can be guaranteed.
  • FIG. 11 shows a block diagram of a random access device 1100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the random access device 1100 may be a base station in the implementation environment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the random access device 1100 may include: a receiving module 1101, a first acquiring module 1102, a second acquiring module 1103, and a scrambling module 1104 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1103 ⁇ 1104 and sending module 1103.
  • the receiving module 1101 is configured to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE through the second time domain resource.
  • the first acquiring module 1102 is configured to acquire the index value of the second time domain resource, and the duration of the second time domain resource is greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • the second obtaining module 1103 is configured to obtain the RA-RNTI according to the index value of the second time domain resource.
  • the scrambling module 1104 is used to scramble the CRC of RAR by using the RA-RNTI.
  • the sending module 1105 is used to send the scrambled RAR to the UE, and the UE is used to descramble the CRC of the RAR using the RA-RNTI obtained according to the index value of the first time domain resource.
  • the domain resource is a time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station, and the duration of the first time domain resource is greater than or equal to the RTD between the UE and the base station.
  • the random access device calculates RA-RNTI by using the index value of the first time domain resource by the UE, and calculates RA-RNTI by the base station using the index value of the second time domain resource, where ,
  • the first time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the UE to send the random access preamble to the base station
  • the second time domain resource is the time domain resource used by the base station to receive the random access preamble sent by the UE, because the first time
  • the duration of the domain resource is equal to the duration of the second time domain resource, and the duration of the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are both greater than or equal to the RTD between the base station and the UE.
  • the first time domain resource and the second time domain resource are the same time-domain resources, so the calculated RA-RNTI of the base station and the UE is the same, so that the UE can successfully descramble the RAR sent by the base station, so the efficiency of random access can be guaranteed.
  • the communication device may be a UE (also referred to as a terminal), or may be a circuit structure, a chip, a chip system, and the like in the UE.
  • This embodiment provides a terminal 1200.
  • the terminal 1200 may be the foregoing communication device.
  • the terminal 1200 may be used to perform the technical process performed by the UE in the random access method provided in the foregoing embodiment. Referring to FIG. 12, the terminal 1200 includes:
  • the terminal 1200 may include an RF (Radio Frequency) circuit 1210, a memory 1220 including one or more computer-readable storage media, an input unit 1230, a display unit 1240, a sensor 1250, an audio circuit 1260, WiFi (Wireless Wireless Fidelity, wireless) (Fidelity) module 1270, processor 1280 including one or more processing cores, and power supply 1120. It should be noted that in some possible implementations, the memory 1220 and the processor 1280 may be integrated together. Those skilled in the art may understand that the terminal structure shown in FIG. 12 does not constitute a limitation on the terminal, and may include more or less components than those illustrated, or combine certain components, or arrange different components. among them:
  • the RF circuit 1210 can be used to receive and send signals during sending and receiving information or during a call. In particular, after receiving the downlink information of the base station, it is handed over to one or more processors 1280; in addition, the data related to the uplink is sent to the base station .
  • the RF circuit 1210 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, a transceiver, a coupler, and an LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) , Duplexer, etc.
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • the RF circuit 1210 can also communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication.
  • the wireless communication can use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to GSM (Global System of Mobile), GPRS (General Packet Radio Service), CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) , Code division multiple access), WCDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, broadband code division multiple access), LTE (Long Term Evolution), email, SMS (Short Messaging Service, short message service), etc.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • Code division multiple access Code division multiple access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • broadband code division multiple access LTE (Long Term Evolution)
  • email Short Messaging Service, short message service
  • the memory 1220 may be used to store software programs and modules.
  • the processor 1280 executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the memory 1220.
  • the memory 1220 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, application programs required by at least one function (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.), etc .; the storage data area may store The data created by the use of the terminal 1200 (such as audio data, phone book, etc.) and the like.
  • the memory 1220 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage devices.
  • the memory 1220 may further include a memory controller to provide access to the memory 1220 by the processor 1280 and the input unit 1230.
  • the input unit 1230 may be used to receive input numeric or character information, and generate keyboard, mouse, joystick, optical, or trackball signal inputs related to user settings and function control.
  • the input unit 1230 may include a touch-sensitive surface 1231 and other input devices 1232.
  • the touch-sensitive surface 1231 also known as a touch screen or touchpad, can collect user's touch operations on or near it (for example, the user uses any suitable objects or accessories such as fingers, stylus, etc. on the touch-sensitive surface 1231 or on the Operation near the touch-sensitive surface 1231), and drive the corresponding connection device according to a preset program.
  • the touch-sensitive surface 1231 may include a touch detection device and a touch controller.
  • the touch detection device detects the user's touch orientation, and detects the signal brought by the touch operation, and transmits the signal to the touch controller; the touch controller receives touch information from the touch detection device and converts it into contact coordinates, and then sends Give the processor 1280, and can receive the command sent by the processor 1280 and execute it.
  • the touch-sensitive surface 1231 can be implemented in various types such as resistive, capacitive, infrared, and surface acoustic waves.
  • the input unit 1230 may include other input devices 1232.
  • other input devices 1232 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control keys, switch keys, etc.), trackball, mouse, joystick, and so on.
  • the display unit 1240 may be used to display information input by the user or provided to the user and various graphical user interfaces of the terminal 1200. These graphical user interfaces may be composed of graphics, text, icons, videos, and any combination thereof.
  • the display unit 1240 may include a display panel 1241.
  • the display panel 1241 may be configured in the form of an LCD (Liquid Crystal), an OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode), or the like.
  • the touch-sensitive surface 1231 can cover the display panel 1241, and when the touch-sensitive surface 1231 detects a touch operation on or near it, it is transmitted to the processor 1280 to determine the type of touch event, and then the processor 1280 according to the touch event The type provides corresponding visual output on the display panel 1241.
  • the touch-sensitive surface 1231 and the display panel 1241 are implemented as two independent components to realize input and input functions, in some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface 1231 and the display panel 1241 may be integrated to realize input And output functions.
  • the terminal 1200 may further include at least one sensor 1250, such as a light sensor, a motion sensor, and other sensors.
  • the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor, wherein the ambient light sensor may adjust the brightness of the display panel 1241 according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor may close the display panel 1241 when the terminal 1200 moves to the ear / Or backlight.
  • the gravity acceleration sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in various directions (generally three axes), and can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity when at rest, and can be used to identify the gestures of mobile phones (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related Games, magnetometer posture calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, tap), etc.
  • other sensors such as gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors, etc. can be configured here. Repeat again.
  • the audio circuit 1260, the speaker 1261, and the microphone 1262 may provide an audio interface between the user and the terminal 1200.
  • the audio circuit 1260 can transmit the converted electrical signal of the received audio data to the speaker 1261, which is converted into a sound signal output by the speaker 1261; on the other hand, the microphone 1262 converts the collected sound signal into an electrical signal, which is converted by the audio circuit 1260 After receiving, it is converted into audio data, and then processed by the audio data output processor 1280, and then sent to another terminal, for example, through the RF circuit 1210, or the audio data is output to the memory 1220 for further processing.
  • the audio circuit 1260 may further include an earplug jack to provide communication between the peripheral earphone and the terminal 1200.
  • WiFi is a short-range wireless transmission technology.
  • the terminal 1200 can help users send and receive emails, browse web pages, and access streaming media through the WiFi module 1270. It provides users with wireless broadband Internet access.
  • FIG. 12 shows the WiFi module 1270, it can be understood that it does not belong to the mandatory configuration of the terminal 1200, and can be omitted as needed without changing the scope of the essence of the invention.
  • the processor 1280 is the control center of the terminal 1200, uses various interfaces and lines to connect various parts of the entire mobile phone, by running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 1220, and calling data stored in the memory 1220, Perform various functions and process data of the terminal 1200 to monitor the mobile phone as a whole.
  • the processor 1280 may include one or more processing cores; preferably, the processor 1280 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, where the application processor mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, and application programs, etc.
  • the modem processor mainly handles wireless communication. It can be understood that the foregoing modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 1280.
  • the terminal 1200 also includes a power supply 1120 (such as a battery) that supplies power to various components.
  • the power supply can be logically connected to the processor 1280 through a power management system, so as to implement functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management through the power management system.
  • the power supply 1120 may also include any component such as one or more DC or AC power supplies, a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, and a power status indicator.
  • the terminal 1200 may further include a camera, a Bluetooth module, and so on, and details are not described herein again.
  • the display unit of the terminal is a touch screen display
  • the terminal further includes a memory, and one or more programs, where one or more programs are stored in the memory and are configured to be processed by one or more ⁇ Execute.
  • the one or more programs include instructions for performing the above random access method.
  • Fig. 13 is a block diagram of a communication device 1300 according to an exemplary embodiment.
  • the communication device may be a base station, or a circuit structure, chip, chip system, etc. in the base station.
  • the communication device 1300 may include a processor 1301, a receiver 1302, a transmitter 1303, and a memory 1304.
  • the receiver 1302, the transmitter 1303, and the memory 1304 are respectively connected to the processor 1301 through a bus. It should be noted that, in some possible implementation manners, the processor 1301 and the memory 1304 may be integrated together.
  • the processor 1301 includes one or more processing cores.
  • the processor 1301 executes the method executed by the base station in the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application by running software programs and modules.
  • the memory 1304 may be used to store software programs and modules. Specifically, the memory 1304 may store an operating system 13041 and an application module 13042 required for at least one function.
  • the receiver 1302 is used to receive communication data sent by other devices, and the transmitter 1303 is used to send communication data to other devices.
  • Fig. 14 is a block diagram of a communication system 1400 according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in Fig. 14, the communication system 1400 includes a base station 1401 and a UE 1402.
  • the base station 1401 is used to perform the random access method performed by the base station in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the UE 1402 is used to perform the random access method performed by the UE in the foregoing embodiments.
  • a computer-readable storage medium is also provided.
  • the computer-readable storage medium is a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the stored When the computer program is executed by the processing component, the random access method provided by the foregoing embodiments of the present application can be implemented.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product which stores instructions which, when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a chip, which includes a programmable logic circuit and / or program instructions, and when the chip is running, it can execute the random access method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the mentioned storage medium may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种随机接入方法、装置、设备及存储介质，属于无线通信技术领域。所述方法包括：通过第一时域资源向基站发送随机接入前导码，并获取第一时域资源的索引值；获取第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，索引差值是根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源；将第一时域资源的索引值与索引差值相加得到第二时域资源的索引值；根据第二时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；接收基站发送的随机接入响应RAR，并利用RA-RNTI对RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰。本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法可以提高随机接入的效率。

Description

随机接入方法、装置、设备及存储介质
本申请要求于2018年10月31日提交的申请号为201811285504.7、发明名称为“随机接入方法、装置、设备及存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，特别涉及一种随机接入方法、装置、设备及存储介质。
背景技术
在无线通信系统中，随机接入是一种常见的处理机制，通过随机接入，用户设备(英文：User Equipment；简称：UE)可以实现与小区的同步，获得上行资源。
相关技术中，在进行随机接入时，UE可以向基站发送随机接入前导码(英文：preamble)，同时UE可以通过基站的广播获取自身发送随机接入前导码所使用的物理随机接入信道(英文：Physical Random Access Channel；简称：PRACH)的第一个时隙的索引值，UE可以利用该索引值计算随机接入无线网络临时标识(英文：Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identity；简称：RA-RNTI)，基站在接收到UE发送的随机接入前导码后，可以获取自身接收该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值，基站可以利用获取的该索引值计算RA-RNTI，并利用计算得到的该RA-RNTI对随机接入响应(英文：Random Access Response；简称RAR)的循环冗余校验码(英文：Cyclic Redundancy Check；简称：CRC)进行加扰，而后，基站可以将经过加扰的RAR发送至UE，UE接收到该RAR后，可以利用UE计算得到的RA-RNTI对该RAR进行解扰。
由于通常情况下，无线通信系统中的UE和基站之间的往返时延(英文：Round Trip Delay；简称：RTD)小于单个时隙的时长，因此，UE发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙和基站接收随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙为同一时隙，其索引值相等，因此，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI与UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同，故而，UE可以成功对RAR进行解扰。然而，当UE和基站之间的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI与UE计算得到的RA-RNTI就不相同，此时，UE就无法成功解扰RAR，因此就会造成随机接入的失败，从而影响随机接入的效率。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种随机接入方法、装置、设备及存储介质，可以保证随机接入的效率。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种随机接入方法，用于无线通信系统的用户设备UE中，所述无线通信系统包括所述UE和基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时隙的时长，所述方法包括：
通过第一时域资源向所述基站发送随机接入前导码，并获取所述第一时域资源的索引值；
获取所述第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，所述索引差值是根据所述UE 和所述基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，所述第二时域资源是所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源；
将所述第一时域资源的索引值与所述索引差值相加得到所述第二时域资源的索引值；
根据所述第二时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
接收所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR，并利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰。
可选的，所述第一时域资源为所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的随机接入物理信道PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取所述第一时域资源的索引值，包括：
接收所述基站发送的广播信息，所述广播信息用于指示所述第一时域资源的索引值。
可选的，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取所述第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，包括：
接收所述基站发送的第一偏移值，所述第一偏移值是所述基站将最小RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行取整操作后得到的，所述最小RTD是根据所述基站与目标小区之间的最近距离得到的，所述目标小区为所述UE所在的小区；
根据所述第一偏移值获取所述索引差值。
可选的，所述利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰，包括：
当所述取整操作为向下取整操作时，分别利用第一RA-RNTI和第二RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，所述第一RA-RNTI根据由第一索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第二RA-RNTI根据由第二索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第一索引差值等于所述第一偏移值加1，所述第二索引差值等于所述第一偏移值加2；
当所述取整操作为向上取整操作时，分别利用所述第一RA-RNTI和第三RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，所述第三RA-RNTI根据由第三索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第三索引差值等于所述第一偏移值。
可选的，所述RAR携带有经过处理后的定时提前TA，所述方法还包括：
当利用所述第一RA-RNTI或所述第三RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据经过处理后的TA，利用第一公式计算未经过处理的TA，所述第一公式包括：
TA＝TA new+p；
当利用所述第二RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据所述经过处理后的TA，利用第二公式计算所述未经过处理的TA，所述第二公式包括：
TA＝TA new+p+1；
其中，TA为所述未经过处理的TA，TA new为所述经过处理后的TA，p为所述第一偏移值。
可选的，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取所述第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，包括：
接收所述基站发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述基站和所述UE之间的粗略RTD；
将所述粗略RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到第二偏移值；
根据所述第二偏移值获取所述索引差值。
可选的，所述利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰，包括：
分别利用第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI和第六RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰；
其中，所述第四RA-RNTI根据由第四索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第五RA-RNTI根据由第五索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第六RA-RNTI根据由第六索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第四索引差值等于所述第二偏移值减1，所述第五索引差值等于所述第二偏移值，所述第六索引差值等于所述第二偏移值加1。
可选的，所述RAR中携带有经过处理后的TA，所述方法还包括：
当利用所述第四RA-RNTI、所述第五RA-RNTI或所述第六RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据所述经过处理后的TA，利用第三公式计算未经过处理的TA，所述第三公式包括：
TA＝TA new+RTD rough；
其中，TA为所述未经过处理的TA，TA new为所述经过处理后的TA，RTD rough为所述粗略RTD。
可选的，所述基站为人造卫星。
第二方面，提供了一种随机接入方法，用于无线通信系统的基站中，所述无线通信系统包括用户设备UE和所述基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时隙的时长，所述方法包括：
通过第二时域资源接收所述UE发送的随机接入前导码，并获取所述第二时域资源的索引值；
获取第一时域资源和所述第二时域资源之间的索引差值，所述索引差值是根据所述UE和所述基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，所述第一时域资源是所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源；
将所述第二时域资源的索引值与所述索引差值相减得到所述第一时域资源的索引值；
根据所述第一时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
利用所述RA-RNTI对接入响应RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行加扰，并向所述UE发送经过加扰的所述RAR。
可选的，所述第一时域资源为所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的物理随机接入信道PRACH的第一个时隙，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取第一时域资源和所述第二时域资源之间的索引差值，包括：
获取定时提前TA，将所述TA与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到所述索引差值。
可选的，所述基站为人造卫星。
第三方面，提供了一种随机接入方法，用于无线通信系统的用户设备UE中，所述无线通信系统包括所述UE和基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时 隙的时长，所述方法包括：
通过第一时域资源向所述基站发送随机接入前导码，并获取所述第一时域资源的索引值，所述第一时域资源的时长大于或等于所述UE和所述基站之间的RTD；
根据所述第一时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
接收所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR，并利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰，其中，所述RAR的CRC由所述基站利用根据第二时域资源的索引值获取的RA-RNTI进行加扰，所述第二时域资源是所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，所述第二时域资源的时长大于或等于所述UE和所述基站之间的RTD。
第四方面，提供了一种随机接入方法，用于用于无线通信系统的基站中，所述无线通信系统包括用户设备UE和所述基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时隙的时长，所述方法包括：
通过第二时域资源接收所述UE发送的随机接入前导码，并获取所述第二时域资源的索引值，所述第二时域资源的时长大于或等于所述UE和所述基站之间的RTD；
根据所述第二时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
利用所述RA-RNTI对随机接入响应RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行加扰，并向所述UE发送经过加扰的所述RAR，所述UE用于利用根据第一时域资源的索引值获取的RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰，所述第一时域资源是所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，所述第一时域资源的时长大于或等于所述UE和所述基站之间的RTD。
第五方面，提供了一种随机接入装置，该装置包括至少一个模块，该至少一个模块用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法。
第六方面，提供了一种随机接入装置，该装置包括至少一个模块，该至少一个模块用于实现上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法。
第七方面，提供了一种随机接入装置，该装置包括至少一个模块，该至少一个模块用于实现上述第三方面或第三方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法。
第八方面，提供了一种随机接入装置，该装置包括至少一个模块，该至少一个模块用于实现上述第四方面或第四方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法。
第九方面，提供了一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括：处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储有指令；
所述处理器被配置为执行所述存储器中存储的指令，所述处理器通过执行所述指令来实现上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法，或者，所述处理器通过执行所述指令来实现上述第三方面或第三方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法。
第十方面，提供了一种通信装置，所述通信装置包括：处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储有指令；
所述处理器被配置为执行所述存储器中存储的指令，所述处理器通过执行所述指令来实现上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法，或者，所述处理器通过执行所述指令来实现上述第四方面或第四方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法。
第十一方面，提供了一种无线通信系统，所述无线通信系统包括基站和如上述第九方面 所述的用户设备。
第十二方面，提供了一种无线通信系统，所述无线通信系统包括用户设备和如上述第十方面所述的基站。
第十三方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令在处理器上运行时，使得所述处理器执行上述第一方面或第一方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法，或者，使得所述处理器执行上述第二方面或第二方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法，或者，使得所述处理器执行上述第三方面或第三方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法，或者，使得所述处理器执行上述第四方面或第四方面的任一可选方式所提供的随机接入方法
第十四方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机能够执行本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法。
第十五方面，提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括可编程逻辑电路和/或程序指令，当所述芯片运行时能够执行本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法。
本申请提供的技术方案带来的有益效果至少包括：
通过利用第一时域资源的索引值以及第一时域资源和第二时域资源的索引差值获取第二时域资源的索引值，并利用该第二时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，而后，在接收到基站发送的RAR后，利用获取的该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，索引差值是根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，这样，在UE和基站的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，UE可以利用基站接收随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，因此，就可以保证UE获取的RA-RNTI与基站获取的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入过程的示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种实施环境的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法的流程图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种UE和基站之间的最近距离的示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种随机接入方法的流程图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的又一种随机接入方法的流程图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入装置的框图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的另一种随机接入装置的框图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的又一种随机接入装置的框图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的又一种随机接入装置的框图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的又一种随机接入装置的框图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的框图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的另一种随机接入装置的框图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的框图。
具体实施方式
为使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
在无线通信系统中，为了实现与小区的同步，获取上行资源，用户设备(英文：User Equipment；简称：UE)通常需要进行随机接入。为了方便读者理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案，下面，本申请实施例将对随机接入的过程进行简要说明。
如图1所示，随机接入的过程可以包括5个步骤：
步骤1，基站向UE发送广播信息。
其中，该广播信息可以携带有基站发送该广播信息所使用的时隙的索引值。
步骤2，UE向基站发送消息1(简称：Msg 1)。
该消息1也即是随机接入前导码(英文：preamble)。
与此同时，UE可以将基站发送的广播信息所携带的索引值获取为该UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的物理随机接入信道(英文：Physical Random Access Channel；简称：PRACH)的第一个时隙的索引值。接着，UE可以根据获取的该索引值计算无线网络临时标识(英文：英文：Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identity；简称：RA-RNTI)。
步骤3，基站向UE发送消息2(简称：Msg 2)。
该消息2也即是随机接入响应(英文：Random Access Response；简称RAR)。
基站在接收到UE发送的随机接入前导码后，可以获取该基站接收该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值。基站可以根据获取的该索引值计算RA-RNTI，接着，基站可以利用计算得到的RA-RNTI对RAR的循环冗余校验码(英文：英文：Cyclic Redundancy Check；简称：CRC)进行加扰，而后，基站可以向UE发送加扰后的RAR。
步骤4，UE向基站发送消息3(简称：Msg 3)。
在接收到基站发送的RAR后，UE可以利用自身在步骤2中计算得到的RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC进行解扰，解扰成功后，UE可以获取RAR中承载的信息。UE可以根据RAR中承载的信息确定基站是否成功接收到了该UE发送的随机接入前导码，在UE确定基站成功接收到了该UE发送的随机接入前导码之后，UE可以向基站发送消息3，该消息3可以携带UE的标识。
步骤5，基站向UE发送消息4(简称：Msg 4)。
基站在接收到UE发送的消息3后，可以基于消息3中携带的UE的标识确定UE的随机接入是否成功。而后，基站可以向UE发送消息4，通过该消息4，基站可以向UE指示随机接入是否成功。
通常情况下，无线通信系统中的UE和基站之间的往返时延(英文：英文：Round Trip Delay；简称：RTD)小于单个时隙的时长，因此，基站向UE发送广播信息所使用的时隙、UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙以及基站接收该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙为同一时隙。在这种情况下，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI与基站计算得到的RA-RNTI相同，因此，UE可以成功解扰基站发送的RAR。
然而，随着无线通信技术的发展，出现了一些UE和基站之间的RTD大于单个时隙的时长的无线通信系统。例如，在无线通信系统的基站为人造卫星的情况下，由于基站和UE之 间的距离较远，因此，基站与UE之间的RTD通常大于单个时隙的时长。
在UE和基站之间的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，基站向UE发送广播信息所使用的时隙、UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙以及基站接收该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙很可能并不为同一时隙。在这种情况下，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI与基站计算得到的RA-RNTI很可能并不相同，此时UE就无法成功解扰RAR，因此会造成随机接入的失败，从而影响随机接入的效率。
例如，在UE和基站之间的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，若基站在索引值为0的时隙中向UE发送广播信息，UE很可能在索引值为3的时隙中才接收到该广播信息，在接收到该广播信息后，UE可以向基站发送随机接入前导码，其中，UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值为3，基站可以接收UE发送的随机接入前导码，其中，基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值可能为6。
在上述举例中，UE根据索引值0计算RA-RNTI，而基站根据索引值6计算RA-RNTI，这就会导致UE计算得到的RA-RNTI与基站计算得到的RA-RNTI不同，此时UE无法成功解扰RAR，因此会造成随机接入的失败，从而影响随机接入的效率。
本申请实施例提供了一种随机接入方法、装置、设备和存储介质，在本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法中，UE可以利用第一时域资源的索引值以及第一时域资源和第二时域资源的索引差值获取第二时域资源的索引值，并利用该第二时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，而后，在接收到基站发送的RAR后，UE可以利用获取的该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，索引差值是根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，这样，在UE和基站的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，UE可以利用基站接收随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，因此，就可以保证UE获取的RA-RNTI与基站获取的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
图2为本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法所涉及到的实施环境的示意图。如图2所示，该实施环境可以包括基站10和UE 20，基站10和UE 20可以通过无线通信网络进行连接，UE 20可以为基站10所服务的任一个UE。
其中，上述无线通信网络可以为第五代移动通信技术(英文：The Fifth Generation Mobile Communication Technology；简称：5G)通信网络，也可以为长期演进(英文：Long Term Evolution简称：LTE)通信网络，或者，其他的与LTE通信网络或5G通信网络类似的无线通信网络。
UE 20和基站10之间的RTD大于单个时隙的时长，在本申请的一个实施例中，基站10可以为人造卫星。
图3所示为本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法的流程图，该随机接入方法可以应用于图2所示的实施环境中，如图3所示，该随机接入方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤301、基站向UE发送广播信息。
基站向UE发送的广播信息可以用于指示第一时域资源的索引值，其中，该第一时域资 源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，在本申请的一个实施例中，该第一时域资源可以是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙。
基站向UE发送的广播信息可以携带有基站发送该广播信息所使用的时隙的索引值，在后续步骤中，UE可以将该广播信息所携带的索引值获取为该UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值，也即是该第一时域资源的索引值。
在本申请实施例中，时域资源(该时域资源可以为时隙)的索引值的赋值规则可以包括以下两点：1、在时域上相邻的任意两个时域资源的索引值相差1；2、在时域上相对靠前的时域资源的索引值小于在时域上相对靠后的时域资源的索引值。
步骤302、UE通过第一时域资源向基站发送随机接入前导码，并根据接收到的广播信息获取第一时域资源的索引值。
如上所述，UE在接收到基站发送的广播信息后，可以将该广播信息所携带的索引值获取为该UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值，也即是获取为第一时域资源的索引值。
步骤303、UE获取第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值。
该第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，在本申请的一个实施例中，该第二时域资源可以为基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙。
所谓第一时域资源和第二时域资源的索引差值指的是第一时域资源的索引值与第二时域资源的索引值的差值的绝对值。在本申请实施例中，该索引差值可以根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定，在一种可能的实现方式中，所谓“UE和基站之间传输数据的时延”可以采用UE和基站之间的RTD来进行表征。
本申请实施例提供了两种UE获取索引差值的方式，下文将对这两种方式一一进行说明：
第一种方式、UE接收基站发送的第一偏移值，并根据该第一偏移值计算索引差值。
这种方式可以包括以下步骤：
A1、基站获取自身与目标小区之间的最近距离。
该目标小区可以为本申请实施例所涉及到的UE所在的小区，基站与目标小区之间的最近距离指的是基站与目标小区的边缘位置在地理上最近的距离。
如图4所示，在基站为人造卫星时，基站J与目标小区C之间的最近距离可以为d1，该最近距离d1可以由基站J根据自身的轨道高度h和波束角度α计算得到。
A2、基站根据该最近距离计算最小RTD。
该最小RTD指的是基站与UE之间的RTD可能的最小取值，显然地，基站与UE之间实际的RTD应当大于或等于该最小RTD。
将步骤A1中获取的该最近距离与电磁波的速度相除后再乘以2即可得到该最小RTD。
A3、基站将最小RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行取整操作后得到第一偏移值。
需要指出的是，在LTE通信系统中，单个时隙的时长通常为0.5ms，在5G通信系统中，单个时隙的时长可以为1ms或0.5ms等。
在本申请实施例中，上述取整操作可以为向下取整操作，也可以为向上取整操作。
A4、基站向UE发送第一偏移值。
基站可以通过广播的方式向UE发送该第一偏移值。
可选的，基站可以向UE广播携带有该第一偏移值的系统信息块(英文：System information block；简称：SIB)，其中，该SIB可以包括偏移值域，该偏移值域用于承载该第一偏移值。需要指出的是，由于透明转发(英文：Bent Pipe)的人造卫星(基站)与UE之间的RTD通常较大，在这种情况下，基站计算得到的第一偏移值也通常较大，其占据的比特位数较多，因此，考虑到上述情况，SIB中的偏移值域所占据的比特位数一般大于目标阈值，在本申请实施例中，该目标阈值可以为10。
可选的，基站可以在步骤301中向UE发送该第一偏移值，在这种情况下，步骤301中的广播信息可以携带有该第一偏移值。
A5、UE根据第一偏移值计算索引差值。
通常情况下，UE与基站之间实际的RTD与最小RTD的差值小于或等于单个时隙的时长。因此，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数(该时隙个数为整数)与最小RTD所包括的时隙的个数(该时隙个数为整数)的差值应当为0或1，其中，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数即为该索引差值。
基于此，为了覆盖UE与基站之间实际的RTD的所有可能取值，在步骤A3中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，该索引差值可以包括第一索引差值和第二索引差值，其中，该第一索引差值等于第一偏移值加1，该第二索引差值等于第一偏移值加2，在步骤A3中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，该索引差值可以包括第一索引差值和第三索引差值，其中，该第三索引差值等于第一偏移值。
例如，在最小RTD为2.8ms的情况下，UE与基站之间实际的RTD可以为2.9ms或3.2ms等。
在步骤A3中的取整操作为向下取整操作，且，单个时隙的时长为1ms时，该第一偏移值为2。此时，若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为2.9ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为3，其等于第一索引差值；若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为3.2ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为4，其等于第二索引差值。
在步骤A3中的取整操作为向上取整操作，且，单个时隙的时长为1ms时，该第一偏移值为3。此时，若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为2.9ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为3，其等于第三索引差值；若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为3.2ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为4，其等于第一索引差值。
第二种方式、UE接收基站发送的指示信息，并根据该指示信息获取索引差值。
这种方式可以包括以下步骤：
B1、基站获取自身与UE之间的粗略RTD。
在基站为人造卫星的情况下，基站可以根据自身的轨道高度和载荷方式获取该粗略RTD。其中，载荷方式可以包括透明转发方式和非透明转发(英文：regenerative)方式，所谓透明转发方式指的是人造卫星不对UE发送的通信数据进行处理，而是将UE发送的通信数据转发至地面设备中，由地面设备对UE发送的通信数据进行处理，所谓非透明转发方式指的是人造卫星对UE发送的通信数据进行处理。
顾名思义，上述粗略RTD指的是基站与UE之间的RTD的非精确取值，实际应用中，基站与UE之间实际的RTD可能小于该粗略RTD，也可能大于该粗略RTD，还可能恰好等于该粗略RTD。但是，基站与UE之间实际的RTD与该粗略RTD的差值一般小于目标差值阈 值，该目标差值阈值通常小于或等于单个时隙的时长，换句话说，该粗略RTD虽然并不精确，但和基站与UE之间实际的RTD相差并不大。
B2、基站向UE发送指示信息，该指示信息用于指示该粗略RTD。
基站可以通过广播的方式向UE发送该指示信息。可选的，基站可以向UE广播携带有该指示信息的SIB。可选的，基站可以在步骤301中向UE发送该指示信息，在这种情况下，步骤301中的广播信息可以携带该指示信息。
B3、UE在接收到该指示信息后，根据该指示信息获取粗略RTD。
在本申请实施例中，UE可以维护一个指示信息与粗略RTD的对照表，UE在接收到该指示信息后，可以根据该指示信息查询该对照表，从而从该对照表中获取与该指示信息对应的粗略RTD。
表1为UE中维护的对照表的一个可能的示例：
表1
Figure PCTCN2019109579-appb-000001
B4、UE将粗略RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行取整操作得到第二偏移值。
与上述步骤A3同理地，这里的取整操作可以为向上取整操作，也可以为向下取整操作。
B5、UE根据第二偏移值获取索引差值。
根据上文所述可知，UE与基站之间实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数(该时隙个数为整数)与粗略RTD所包括的时隙的个数(该时隙个数为整数)的差值可以为-1、0或1，其中，实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数即为该索引差值。
基于此，为了覆盖UE与基站之间实际的RTD的所有可能取值，在步骤B4中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，该索引差值可以包括第四索引差值、第五索引差值和第六索引差值，其中，该第四索引差值等于第二偏移值减1，该第五索引差值等于第二偏移值，该第六索引差值等于第二偏移值加1；在步骤B4中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，该索引差值可以包括第五索引差值、第六索引差值和第七索引差值，其中，该第七索引差值等于第二偏移值加2。
例如，在粗略RTD为12.88ms的情况下，UE与基站之间实际的RTD可以为11.99ms、12.55ms或13.1ms等。
在步骤B4中的取整操作为向上取整操作，且，单个时隙的时长为1ms时，该第二偏移值为13。此时，若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为11.99ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为12，其等于第四索引差值；若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为12.55ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为13，其等于第五索引差值；若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为13.1ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为14，其等于第六索引差值。
在步骤B4中的取整操作为向下取整操作，且，单个时隙的时长为1ms时，该第二偏移值为12。此时，若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为11.99ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为12，其等于第五索引差值；若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为12.55ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为13，其等于第六索引差值；若UE与基站之间实际的RTD为13.1ms，该实际的RTD所包括的时隙个数为14，其等于第七索引差值。
步骤304、UE将第一时域资源的索引值与索引差值相加得到第二时域资源的索引值。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第一种方式对应的，当步骤A3中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，UE可以将第一索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第一索引值，同时，UE可以将第二索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第二索引值；当步骤A3中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，UE可以将第一索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第一索引值，同时，UE可以将第三索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第三索引值。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第二种方式对应的，当步骤B4中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，UE可以将第四索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第四索引值，同时，UE可以将第五索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第五索引值，UE还可以将第六索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第六索引值；当步骤B4中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，UE可以将第五索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第五索引值，同时，UE可以将第六索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第六索引值，UE可以将第七索引差值与第一时域资源的索引值相加，得到第二时域资源的第七索引值。
步骤305、UE根据自身获取的第二时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI。
可选的，UE可以利用第四公式计算该RA-RNTI，其中，该第四公式包括：
RA-RNTI＝1+s_id_UE+14×t_id_gNB_1+14×80×f_id_UE+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id_UE
其中，s_id_UE为UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个正交频分复用(英文：Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing；简称：OFDM)符号的索引值，t_id_gNB_1为UE获取的基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值(也即是第二时域资源的索引值)，f_id_UE为UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH所在频域的索引值，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为0或1，当UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为NUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为0，当UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为SUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为1。
需要指出的是，与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第一种方式对应的，当步骤A3中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，t_id_gNB_1可以为上述第一索引值和上述第二索引值，在t_id_gNB_1为第一索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第一RA-RNTI，在t_id_gNB_1 为第二索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第二RA-RNTI；当步骤A3中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，t_id_gNB_1可以为上述第一索引值和上述第三索引值，在t_id_gNB_1为第一索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第一RA-RNTI，在t_id_gNB_1为第三索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第三RA-RNTI。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第二种方式对应的，当步骤B4中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，t_id_gNB_1可以为上述第四索引值、上述第五索引值和上述第六索引值，在t_id_gNB_1为第四索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第四RA-RNTI，在t_id_gNB_1为第五索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第五RA-RNTI，在t_id_gNB_1为第六索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第六RA-RNTI；当步骤B4中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，t_id_gNB_1可以为上述上述第五索引值、上述第六索引值和上述第七索引值，在t_id_gNB_1为第五索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第五RA-RNTI，在t_id_gNB_1为第六索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第六RA-RNTI，在t_id_gNB_1为第七索引值时，UE计算得到的RA-RNTI为第七RA-RNTI。
步骤306、基站通过第二时域资源接收UE发送的随机接入前导码，并获取该第二时域资源的索引值。
如上说明，UE在步骤303中获取的索引差值可以覆盖UE与基站之间实际的RTD的所有可能取值。因此：
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第一种方式对应的，当步骤A3中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第一索引值和第二索引值可以覆盖第二时域资源实际的索引值的所有可能取值，换句话说，在这种情况下，基站获取的第二时域资源的索引值一定是步骤304中UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第一索引值和第二索引值中的一个；当步骤A3中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第一索引值和第三索引值可以覆盖第二时域资源实际的索引值的所有可能取值，换句话说，在这种情况下，基站获取的第二时域资源的索引值一定是步骤304中UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第一索引值和第三索引值中的一个。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第二种方式对应的，当步骤B4中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第四索引值、第五索引值和第六索引值可以覆盖第二时域资源实际的索引值的所有可能取值，换句话说，在这种情况下，基站获取的第二时域资源的索引值一定是步骤304中UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第四索引值、第五索引值和第六索引值中的一个；当步骤B4中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第五索引值、第六索引值和第七索引值可以覆盖第二时域资源实际的索引值的所有可能取值，换句话说，在这种情况下，基站获取的第二时域资源的索引值一定是步骤304中UE计算得到的第二时域资源的第五索引值、第六索引值和第七索引值中的一个。
步骤307、基站根据自身获取的第二时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI。
基站可以根据第五公式计算该RA-RNTI，其中，该第五公式包括：
RA-RNTI＝1+s_id_gNB+14×t_id_gNB_2+14×80×f_id_gNB+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id_gNB
其中，s_id_gNB为基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个OFDM符号的索引值，t_id_gNB_2为基站获取的自身接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值(也即是第二时域资源的索引值)，f_id_gNB为基站 接收UE发送给的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH所在频域的索引值，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为0或1，当基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为NUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为0，当基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为SUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为1。
需要指出的是，第四公式中的s_id_UE与第五公式中的s_id_gNB相等，第四公式中的f_id_UE与第五公式中的f_id_gNB相等，第四公式中的ul_carrier_id_UE与第五公式中的ul_carrier_id_gNB相等。
基于此，与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第一种方式对应的，当步骤A3中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第一RNTI和第二RA-RNTI中的一个；当步骤A3中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第一RNTI和第三RA-RNTI中的一个。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第二种方式对应的，当步骤B4中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI和第六RA-RNTI中的一个；当步骤B4中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第五RA-RNTI、第六RA-RNTI和第七RA-RNTI中的一个。
步骤308、基站利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行加扰，并将加扰后的RAR发送至UE。
需要指出的是，当基站计算得到的RA-RNTI的长度小于RAR的CRC的长度时，基站可以利用该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行部分加扰，当基站计算得到的RA-RNTI的长度不小于RAR的CRC的长度时，基站可以利用该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行整体加扰。
步骤309、UE接收基站发送的RAR，并利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第一种方式对应的，当步骤A3中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，UE可以分别利用第一RA-RNTI和第二RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，由于在这种情况下，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第一RNTI和第二RA-RNTI中的一个，因此，UE一定可以成功解扰RAR；当步骤A3中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，UE可以分别利用第一RA-RNTI和第三RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，由于在这种情况下，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第一RNTI和第三RA-RNTI中的一个，因此，UE一定可以成功解扰RAR。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第二种方式对应的，当步骤B4中的取整操作为向上取整操作时，UE可以分别利用第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI和第六RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，由于在这种情况下，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI和第六RA-RNTI中的一个，因此，UE一定可以成功解扰RAR；当步骤B4中的取整操作为向下取整操作时，UE可以分别利用第五RA-RNTI、第六RA-RNTI和第七RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，由于在这种情况下，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI一定为UE计算得到的第五RA-RNTI、第六RA-RNTI和第七RA-RNTI中的一个，因此，UE一定可以成功解扰RAR。
步骤310、UE从RAR中获取未经过处理的定时提前(英文：Timing Advance；简称：TA)。
在本申请实施例中，由于UE和基站之间的RTD较大，因此，基站与UE之间的TA也 较大，故而，TA所占据的比特位数很可能会大于RAR中的用于承载TA的域的比特位数。考虑到这种情况，基站向UE发送的RAR中可以携带经过处理后的TA，该经过处理后的TA占据的比特位数小于未经过处理的TA占据的比特位数，因此，该经过处理后的TA所占据的比特位一般小于RAR中的用于承载TA的域的比特位数，这样就可以保证TA的正常传输。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第一种方式对应的，当利用第一RA-RNTI或第三RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC成功解扰时，UE可以根据RAR中经过处理后的TA，利用第一公式计算未经过处理的TA，该第一公式包括：
TA＝TA new+p。
其中，TA为未经过处理的TA，TA new为经过处理后的TA，p为第一偏移值。
当利用第二RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC成功解扰时，UE可以根据经过处理后的TA，利用第二公式计算未经过处理的TA，该第二公式包括：
TA＝TA new+p+1。
其中，TA为未经过处理的TA，TA new为经过处理后的TA，p为第一偏移值。
与步骤303中UE获取索引差值的第一种方式对应的，当利用第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI、第六RA-RNTI或第七RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC成功解扰时，UE可以根据经过处理后的TA，利用第三公式计算未经过处理的TA，该第三公式包括：
TA＝TA new+RTD rough。
其中，TA为未经过处理的TA，TA new为经过处理后的TA，RTD rough为粗略RTD。
步骤311、UE向基站发送消息3。
步骤312、基站向UE发送消息4。
步骤311和步骤312的技术过程与上文中随机接入过程中的步骤4和步骤5的技术过程同理，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法，通过利用第一时域资源的索引值以及第一时域资源和第二时域资源的索引差值获取第二时域资源的索引值，并利用该第二时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，而后，在接收到基站发送的RAR后，利用获取的该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，索引差值是根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，这样，在UE和基站的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，UE可以利用基站接收随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，因此，就可以保证UE获取的RA-RNTI与基站获取的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
图5所示为本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法的流程图，该随机接入方法可以应用于图2所示的实施环境中，如图5所示，该随机接入方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤501、基站向UE发送广播信息。
其中，步骤501的技术过程与步骤301的技术过程同理，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤502、UE通过第一时域资源向基站发送随机接入前导码，并根据接收到的广播信息获取第一时域资源的索引值。
其中，步骤502的技术过程与步骤302的技术过程同理，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤503、UE根据自身获取的第一时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI。
可选的，UE可以利用第六公式计算该RA-RNTI，其中，该第六公式包括：
RA-RNTI＝1+s_id_UE+14×t_id_UE_1+14×80×f_id_UE+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id_UE
其中，s_id_UE为UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个OFDM符号的索引值，t_id_UE_1为UE获取的自身向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值(也即是第一时域资源的索引值)，f_id_UE为UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH所在频域的索引值，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为0或1，当UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为NUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为0，当UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为SUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为1。
步骤504、基站通过第二时域资源接收UE发送的随机接入前导码，并获取该第二时域资源的索引值。
基站在接收到UE发送的随机接入前导码后，可以对该随机接入前导码进行测量，通过测量，基站能够获取自身与UE之间的TA。
步骤505、基站获取第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值。
如上所述，该索引差值可以根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定，在一种可能的实现方式中，所谓“UE和基站之间传输数据的时延”可以采用UE和基站之间的TA来进行表征，其中，UE和基站之间的TA所包括的时隙个数(该时隙个数为整数)即为该索引差值。
在本申请实施例中，基站可以将自身与UE之间的TA与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到该索引差值。
步骤506、基站将第二时域资源的索引值与索引差值相减得到第一时域资源的索引值。
步骤507、基站根据自身获取的第一时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI。
可选的，基站可以利用第七公式计算该RA-RNTI，其中，该第七公式包括：
RA-RNTI＝1+s_id_gNB+14×t_id_UE_2+14×80×f_id_gNB+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id_gNB
其中，s_id_gNB为基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个OFDM符号的索引值，t_id_UE_2为基站获取的UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙的索引值(也即是第一时域资源的索引值)，f_id_gNB为基站接收UE发送给的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH所在频域的索引值，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为0或1，当基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为NUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为0，当基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为SUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为1。
需要指出的是，第六公式中的s_id_UE与第七公式中的s_id_gNB相等，第六公式中的f_id_UE与第七公式中的f_id_gNB相等，第六公式中的ul_carrier_id_UE与第七公式中的ul_carrier_id_gNB相等。
同时，基站获取的第一时域资源的索引值与UE获取的第一时域资源的索引值相等，也即是，t_id_UE_1与t_id_UE_2相等，因此，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI与UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同。
步骤508、基站利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行加扰，并向UE发送经过加扰的RAR。
其中，步骤508的技术过程与步骤308的技术过程同理，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤509、UE接收基站发送的RAR，并利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰。
如上所述，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI与UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同，因此，UE利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI可以成功解扰RAR。
步骤510、UE向基站发送消息3。
步骤511、基站向UE发送消息4。
步骤510和步骤511的技术过程与上文中随机接入过程中的步骤4和步骤5的技术过程同理，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法，通过利用第二时域资源的索引值以及第一时域资源和第二时域资源的索引差值获取第一时域资源的索引值，并利用该第一时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，而后，利用获取的该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行加扰，并向UE发送经过加扰的RAR，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，索引差值是根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，这样，在UE和基站的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，基站可以利用UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，因此，就可以保证UE获取的RA-RNTI与基站获取的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
图6所示为本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入方法的流程图，该随机接入方法可以应用于图2所示的实施环境中，如图6所示，该随机接入方法可以包括以下步骤：
步骤601、基站向UE发送广播信息。
其中，该广播信息可以携带有基站发送该广播信息所使用的时域资源的索引值，其中，该时域资源的时长大于或等于UE和基站之间的RTD，在本申请实施例中，该时域资源可以包括至少一个子帧或至少一个无线帧等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
步骤602、UE通过第一时域资源向基站发送随机接入前导码，并根据接收到的广播信息获取第一时域资源的索引值。
在图6所示的实施例中，该第一时域资源的时长可以大于或等于UE和基站之间的RTD，例如，该第一时域资源可以包括至少一个子帧或至少一个无线帧等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在本申请实施例中，UE可以将步骤601中基站发送的广播信息所携带的索引值获取为第一时域资源的索引值。
步骤603、UE根据第一时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI。
可选的，UE可以利用第八公式计算该RA-RNTI，其中，该第八公式包括：
RA-RNTI＝1+s_id_UE+14×t_id_new1+14×80×f_id_UE+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id_UE
其中，s_id_UE为UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个OFDM符号的索引值，t_id_new1为第一时域资源的索引值，f_id_UE为UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH所在频域的索引值，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为0或1，当UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为NUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为 0，当UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为SUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_UE的取值为1。
步骤604、基站通过第二时域资源接收UE发送的随机接入前导码，并获取该第二时域资源的索引值。
在图6所示的实施例中，第二时域资源的时长等于第一时域资源的时长，换句话说，在图6所示的实施例中，该第二时域资源的时长可以大于或等于UE和基站之间的RTD，例如，该第二时域资源可以包括至少一个子帧或至少一个无线帧等，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
步骤605、基站根据第二时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI。
可选的，基站可以利用第九公式计算该RA-RNTI，其中，该第九公式包括：
RA-RNTI＝1+s_id_gNB+14×t_id_new2+14×80×f_id_gNB+14×80×8×ul_carrier_id_gNB
其中，s_id_gNB为基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个OFDM符号的索引值，t_id_new2为第二时域资源的索引值，f_id_gNB为基站接收UE发送给的随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH所在频域的索引值，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为0或1，当基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为NUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为0，当基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的上行载波为SUL载波时，ul_carrier_id_gNB的取值为1。
需要指出的是，第八公式中的s_id_UE与第九公式中的s_id_gNB相等，第八公式中的f_id_UE与第九公式中的f_id_gNB相等，第八公式中的ul_carrier_id_UE与第九公式中的ul_carrier_id_gNB相等。
同时，由于在图6所示的实施例中，第一时域资源和第二时域资源的时长相等，且都大于或等于基站与UE之间的RTD，因此，基站向UE发送广播信息所使用的时域资源、第一时域资源和第二时域资源为同一时域资源，也即是，t_id_new1与t_id_new2相等，故而，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI与UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同。
步骤606、基站利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行加扰，并向UE发送经过加扰的RAR。
其中，步骤606的技术过程与步骤308的技术过程同理，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤607、UE接收基站发送的RAR，并利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰。
如上所述，基站计算得到的RA-RNTI与UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同，因此，UE利用自身计算得到的RA-RNTI可以成功解扰RAR。
步骤608、UE向基站发送消息3。
步骤609、基站向UE发送消息4。
步骤608和步骤609的技术过程与上文中随机接入过程中的步骤4和步骤5的技术过程同理，本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法，通过由UE利用第一时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI，由基站利用第二时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，由于第一时域资源的时长等于第二时域资源的时长，且，第 一时域资源和第二时域资源的时长均大于或等于基站与UE之间的RTD，因此，该第一时域资源和第二时域资源为同一时域资源，故而基站和UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
请参考图7，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入装置700的框图。该随机接入装置700可以为图2所示实施环境中的UE，参见图7，该随机接入装置700可以包括：发送模块701、第一获取模块702、第二获取模块703、第三获取模块704、第四获取模块705、接收模块706和解扰模块707。
其中，该发送模块701，用于通过第一时域资源向该基站发送随机接入前导码。
该第一获取模块702，用于获取该第一时域资源的索引值。
该第二获取模块703，用于获取该第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，该索引差值是根据该UE和该基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，该第二时域资源是该基站接收该UE发送的该随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源。
该第三获取模块704，用于将该第一时域资源的索引值与该索引差值相加得到该第二时域资源的索引值。
该第四获取模块705，用于根据该第二时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI；
该接收模块706，用于接收该基站发送的RAR。
该解扰模块707，用于利用该RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC进行解扰。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该第一时域资源为该UE向该基站发送该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，该第一获取模块702，用于：接收该基站发送的广播信息，该广播信息用于指示该第一时域资源的索引值。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该第二时域资源为该基站接收该UE发送的该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，该第二获取模块703，用于：接收该基站发送的第一偏移值，该第一偏移值是该基站将最小RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行取整操作后得到的，该最小RTD是根据该基站与目标小区之间的最近距离得到的，该目标小区为该UE所在的小区；根据该第一偏移值获取该索引差值。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该解扰模块707，用于：当该取整操作为向下取整操作时，分别利用第一RA-RNTI和第二RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，该第一RA-RNTI根据由第一索引差值和该第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的该第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，该第二RA-RNTI根据由第二索引差值和该第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的该第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，该第一索引差值等于该第一偏移值加1，该第二索引差值等于该第一偏移值加2；当该取整操作为向上取整操作时，分别利用该第一RA-RNTI和第三RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，该第三RA-RNTI根据由第三索引差值和该第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的该第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，该第三索引差值等于该第一偏移值。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该第二时域资源为该基站接收该UE发送的该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，该第二获取模块703，用于：接收该基站发送的指示信息，该指示信息用于指示该基站和该UE之间的粗略RTD；将该粗略RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到第二偏移值；根据该第二偏移值获取该索引差值。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该解扰模块707，用于：分别利用第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI 和第六RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC进行解扰；其中，该第四RA-RNTI根据由第四索引差值和该第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的该第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，该第五RA-RNTI根据由第五索引差值和该第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的该第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，该第六RA-RNTI根据由第六索引差值和该第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的该第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，该第四索引差值等于该第二偏移值减1，该第五索引差值等于该第二偏移值，该第六索引差值等于该第二偏移值加1。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该基站为人造卫星。
请参考图8，本申请实施例除了提供随机接入装置700之外，还提供了随机接入装置800，该随机接入装置800除了包括随机接入装置700包括的各模块外，还包括第一计算模块708、第二计算模块709和第三计算模块710。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该RAR携带有经过处理后的TA，该第一计算模块708，用于在利用该第一RA-RNTI或该第三RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据经过处理后的TA，利用第一公式计算未经过处理的TA，该第一公式包括：
TA＝TA new+p。
该第二计算模块709，用于在利用该第二RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据该经过处理后的TA，利用第二公式计算该未经过处理的TA，该第二公式包括：
TA＝TA new+p+1。
其中，TA为该未经过处理的TA，TA new为该经过处理后的TA，p为该第一偏移值。
该第三计算模块710，用于在利用该第四RA-RNTI、该第五RA-RNTI或该第六RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据该经过处理后的TA，利用第三公式计算未经过处理的TA，该第三公式包括：
TA＝TA new+RTD rough。
其中，TA为该未经过处理的TA，TA new为该经过处理后的TA，RTD rough为该粗略RTD。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的随机接入装置，通过利用第一时域资源的索引值以及第一时域资源和第二时域资源的索引差值获取第二时域资源的索引值，并利用该第二时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，而后，在接收到基站发送的RAR后，利用获取的该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，索引差值是根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，这样，在UE和基站的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，UE可以利用基站接收随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，因此，就可以保证UE获取的RA-RNTI与基站获取的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
请参考图9，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入装置900的框图。该随机接入装置900可以为图2所示实施环境中的基站，参见图9，该随机接入装置900可以包括：接收模块901、第一获取模块902、第二获取模块903、第三获取模块904、第四获取模块905、加扰模块906和发送模块907。
其中，该接收模块901，用于通过第二时域资源接收该UE发送的随机接入前导码。
该第一获取模块902，用于获取该第二时域资源的索引值。
该第二获取模块903，用于获取第一时域资源和该第二时域资源之间的索引差值，该索引差值是根据该UE和该基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，该第一时域资源是该UE向该基站发送该随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源。
该第三获取模块904，用于将该第二时域资源的索引值与该索引差值相减得到该第一时域资源的索引值。
该第四获取模块905，用于根据该第一时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI。
该加扰模块906，用于利用该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行加扰。
该发送模块907，用于向该UE发送经过加扰的该RAR。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该第一时域资源为该UE向该基站发送该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，该第二时域资源为该基站接收该UE发送的该随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，该第二获取模块903，用于：获取定时提前TA，将该TA与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到该索引差值。
在本申请的一个实施例中，该基站为人造卫星。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的随机接入装置，通过利用第二时域资源的索引值以及第一时域资源和第二时域资源的索引差值获取第一时域资源的索引值，并利用该第一时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，而后，利用获取的该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行加扰，并向UE发送经过加扰的RAR，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，索引差值是根据UE和基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，这样，在UE和基站的RTD大于单个时隙的时长时，基站可以利用UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI，因此，就可以保证UE获取的RA-RNTI与基站获取的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
请参考图10，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入装置1000的框图。该随机接入装置1000可以为图2所示实施环境中的UE，参见图10，该随机接入装置1000可以包括：发送模块1001、第一获取模块1002、第二获取模块1003、接收模块1004和解扰模块1005。
其中，发送模块1001，用于通过第一时域资源向该基站发送随机接入前导码。
该第一获取模块1002，用于获取该第一时域资源的索引值，该第一时域资源的时长大于或等于该UE和该基站之间的RTD。
该第二获取模块1003，用于根据该第一时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI。
该接收模块1004，用于接收该基站发送的RAR。
该解扰模块1005，用于利用该RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，该RAR的CRC由该基站利用根据第二时域资源的索引值获取的RA-RNTI进行加扰，该第二时域资源是该基站接收该UE发送的该随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，该第二时域资源的时长大于或等于该UE和该基站之间的RTD。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的随机接入装置，通过由UE利用第一时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI，由基站利用第二时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，由于第一时域资源的时长等于第二时域资源的时长，且，第一时域资源和第二时域资源的时长均大于或等于基站与UE之间的RTD，因此，该第一时域资源和第二时域资源为同一时域资源，故而基站和UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
请参考图11，其示出了本申请实施例提供的一种随机接入装置1100的框图。该随机接入装置1100可以为图2所示实施环境中的基站，参见图11，该随机接入装置1100可以包括：接收模块1101、第一获取模块1102、第二获取模块1103、加扰模块1104和发送模块1103。
其中，该接收模块1101，用于通过第二时域资源接收该UE发送的随机接入前导码。
该第一获取模块1102，用于获取该第二时域资源的索引值，该第二时域资源的时长大于或等于该UE和该基站之间的RTD。
该第二获取模块1103，用于根据该第二时域资源的索引值获取RA-RNTI。
该加扰模块1104，用于利用该RA-RNTI对RAR的CRC进行加扰。
该发送模块1105，用于向该UE发送经过加扰的该RAR，该UE用于利用根据第一时域资源的索引值获取的RA-RNTI对该RAR的CRC进行解扰，该第一时域资源是该UE向该基站发送该随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，该第一时域资源的时长大于或等于该UE和该基站之间的RTD。
综上所述，本申请实施例提供的随机接入装置，通过由UE利用第一时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI，由基站利用第二时域资源的索引值计算RA-RNTI，其中，第一时域资源是UE向基站发送随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，第二时域资源是基站接收UE发送的随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源，由于第一时域资源的时长等于第二时域资源的时长，且，第一时域资源和第二时域资源的时长均大于或等于基站与UE之间的RTD，因此，该第一时域资源和第二时域资源为同一时域资源，故而基站和UE计算得到的RA-RNTI相同，这样UE就能够成功解扰基站发送的RAR，因此可以保证随机接入的效率。
关于上述实施例中的装置，其中各个模块执行操作的具体方式已经在有关该方法的实施例中进行了详细描述，此处将不做详细阐述说明。
本实施例提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为UE(也可称为终端)，也可以为UE中的电路结构、芯片、芯片系统等结构。本实施例提供了一种终端1200，该终端1200可以为上述通信装置，该终端1200可以用于执行上述实施例提供的随机接入方法中UE所执行的技术过程。参见图12，该终端1200包括：
终端1200可以包括RF(Radio Frequency，射频)电路1210、包括有一个或一个以上计算机可读存储介质的存储器1220、输入单元1230、显示单元1240、传感器1250、音频电路1260、WiFi(Wireless Fidelity，无线保真)模块1270、包括有一个或者一个以上处理核心的 处理器1280、以及电源1120等部件，需要指出的是，在一些可能的实现方式中，存储器1220和处理器1280可以集成在一起。本领域技术人员可以理解，图12中示出的终端结构并不构成对终端的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。其中：
RF电路1210可用于收发信息或通话过程中，信号的接收和发送，特别地，将基站的下行信息接收后，交由一个或者一个以上处理器1280处理；另外，将涉及上行的数据发送给基站。通常，RF电路1210包括但不限于天线、至少一个放大器、调谐器、一个或多个振荡器、用户身份模块(SIM)卡、收发信机、耦合器、LNA(Low Noise Amplifier，低噪声放大器)、双工器等。此外，RF电路1210还可以通过无线通信与网络和其他设备通信。所述无线通信可以使用任一通信标准或协议，包括但不限于GSM(Global System of Mobile communication，全球移动通讯系统)、GPRS(General Packet Radio Service，通用分组无线服务)、CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access，码分多址)、WCDMA(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access,宽带码分多址)、LTE(Long Term Evolution,长期演进)、电子邮件、SMS(Short Messaging Service，短消息服务)等。
存储器1220可用于存储软件程序以及模块，处理器1280通过运行存储在存储器1220的软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理。存储器1220可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能、图像播放功能等)等；存储数据区可存储根据终端1200的使用所创建的数据(比如音频数据、电话本等)等。此外，存储器1220可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他易失性固态存储器件。相应地，存储器1220还可以包括存储器控制器，以提供处理器1280和输入单元1230对存储器1220的访问。
输入单元1230可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与用户设置以及功能控制有关的键盘、鼠标、操作杆、光学或者轨迹球信号输入。具体地，输入单元1230可包括触敏表面1231以及其他输入设备1232。触敏表面1231，也称为触摸显示屏或者触控板，可收集用户在其上或附近的触摸操作(比如用户使用手指、触笔等任何适合的物体或附件在触敏表面1231上或在触敏表面1231附近的操作)，并根据预先设定的程式驱动相应的连接装置。可选的，触敏表面1231可包括触摸检测装置和触摸控制器两个部分。其中，触摸检测装置检测用户的触摸方位，并检测触摸操作带来的信号，将信号传送给触摸控制器；触摸控制器从触摸检测装置上接收触摸信息，并将它转换成触点坐标，再送给处理器1280，并能接收处理器1280发来的命令并加以执行。此外，可以采用电阻式、电容式、红外线以及表面声波等多种类型实现触敏表面1231。除了触敏表面1231，输入单元1230还可以包括其他输入设备1232。具体地，其他输入设备1232可以包括但不限于物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆等中的一种或多种。
显示单元1240可用于显示由用户输入的信息或提供给用户的信息以及终端1200的各种图形用户接口，这些图形用户接口可以由图形、文本、图标、视频和其任意组合来构成。显示单元1240可包括显示面板1241，可选的，可以采用LCD(Liquid Crystal Display，液晶显示器)、OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode,有机发光二极管)等形式来配置显示面板1241。进一步的，触敏表面1231可覆盖显示面板1241，当触敏表面1231检测到在其上或附近的触摸操 作后，传送给处理器1280以确定触摸事件的类型，随后处理器1280根据触摸事件的类型在显示面板1241上提供相应的视觉输出。虽然在图12中，触敏表面1231与显示面板1241是作为两个独立的部件来实现输入和输入功能，但是在某些实施例中，可以将触敏表面1231与显示面板1241集成而实现输入和输出功能。
终端1200还可包括至少一种传感器1250，比如光传感器、运动传感器以及其他传感器。具体地，光传感器可包括环境光传感器及接近传感器，其中，环境光传感器可根据环境光线的明暗来调节显示面板1241的亮度，接近传感器可在终端1200移动到耳边时，关闭显示面板1241和/或背光。作为运动传感器的一种，重力加速度传感器可检测各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小，静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向，可用于识别手机姿态的应用(比如横竖屏切换、相关游戏、磁力计姿态校准)、振动识别相关功能(比如计步器、敲击)等；至于终端1200还可配置的陀螺仪、气压计、湿度计、温度计、红外线传感器等其他传感器，在此不再赘述。
音频电路1260、扬声器1261，传声器1262可提供用户与终端1200之间的音频接口。音频电路1260可将接收到的音频数据转换后的电信号，传输到扬声器1261，由扬声器1261转换为声音信号输出；另一方面，传声器1262将收集的声音信号转换为电信号，由音频电路1260接收后转换为音频数据，再将音频数据输出处理器1280处理后，经RF电路1210以发送给比如另一终端，或者将音频数据输出至存储器1220以便进一步处理。音频电路1260还可能包括耳塞插孔，以提供外设耳机与终端1200的通信。
WiFi属于短距离无线传输技术，终端1200通过WiFi模块1270可以帮助用户收发电子邮件、浏览网页和访问流式媒体等，它为用户提供了无线的宽带互联网访问。虽然图12示出了WiFi模块1270，但是可以理解的是，其并不属于终端1200的必须构成，完全可以根据需要在不改变发明的本质的范围内而省略。
处理器1280是终端1200的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个手机的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器1220内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器1220内的数据，执行终端1200的各种功能和处理数据，从而对手机进行整体监控。可选的，处理器1280可包括一个或多个处理核心；优选的，处理器1280可集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器1280中。
终端1200还包括给各个部件供电的电源1120(比如电池)，优选的，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器1280逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。电源1120还可以包括一个或一个以上的直流或交流电源、再充电系统、电源故障检测电路、电源转换器或者逆变器、电源状态指示器等任意组件。
尽管未示出，终端1200还可以包括摄像头、蓝牙模块等，在此不再赘述。具体在本实施例中，终端的显示单元是触摸屏显示器，终端还包括有存储器，以及一个或者一个以上的程序，其中一个或者一个以上程序存储于存储器中，且经配置以由一个或者一个以上处理器执行。所述一个或者一个以上程序包含用于执行上述随机接入方法的指令。
图13是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种通信装置1300的框图，该通信装置可以为基站，也可以为基站中的电路结构、芯片、芯片系统等结构。如图13所示，通信装置1300可以包 括：处理器1301、接收机1302、发射机1303和存储器1304。接收机1302、发射机1303和存储器1304分别通过总线与处理器1301连接，需要指出的是，在一些可能的实现方式中，处理器1301和存储器1304可以集成在一起。
其中，处理器1301包括一个或者一个以上处理核心，处理器1301通过运行软件程序以及模块以执行本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法中基站所执行的方法。存储器1304可用于存储软件程序以及模块。具体的，存储器1304可存储操作系统13041、至少一个功能所需的应用程序模块13042。接收机1302用于接收其他设备发送的通信数据，发射机1303用于向其他设备发送通信数据。
图14是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种通信系统1400的框图，如图14所示，该通信系统1400包括基站1401和UE 1402。
其中，基站1401用于执行上述各个实施例中基站所执行的随机接入方法。
UE 1402用于执行上述各个实施例中UE所执行的随机接入方法。
在示例性实施例中，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质为非易失性的计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，存储的计算机程序被处理组件执行时能够实现本申请上述实施例提供的随机接入方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机能够执行本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片，该芯片包括可编程逻辑电路和/或程序指令，当该芯片运行时能够执行本申请实施例提供的随机接入方法。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
应理解，本文中的“第一”“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。具有相同序号的技术特征名称，可能对应不同的技术特征。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本申请的可选实施例，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (30)

  1. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，用于无线通信系统的用户设备UE中，所述无线通信系统包括所述UE和基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时隙的时长，所述方法包括：
    通过第一时域资源向所述基站发送随机接入前导码，并获取所述第一时域资源的索引值；
    获取所述第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，所述索引差值是根据所述UE和所述基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，所述第二时域资源是所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源；
    将所述第一时域资源的索引值与所述索引差值相加得到所述第二时域资源的索引值；
    根据所述第二时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
    接收所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR，并利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时域资源为所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的随机接入物理信道PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取所述第一时域资源的索引值，包括：
    接收所述基站发送的广播信息，所述广播信息用于指示所述第一时域资源的索引值。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取所述第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，包括：
    接收所述基站发送的第一偏移值，所述第一偏移值是所述基站将最小RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行取整操作后得到的，所述最小RTD是根据所述基站与目标小区之间的最近距离得到的，所述目标小区为所述UE所在的小区；
    根据所述第一偏移值获取所述索引差值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰，包括：
    当所述取整操作为向下取整操作时，分别利用第一RA-RNTI和第二RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，所述第一RA-RNTI根据由第一索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第二RA-RNTI根据由第二索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第一索引差值等于所述第一偏移值加1，所述第二索引差值等于所述第一偏移值加2；
    当所述取整操作为向上取整操作时，分别利用所述第一RA-RNTI和第三RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，所述第三RA-RNTI根据由第三索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第三索引差值等于所述第一偏移值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述RAR携带有经过处理后的定时提前TA，所述方法还包括：
    当利用所述第一RA-RNTI或所述第三RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据经过处理后的TA，利用第一公式计算未经过处理的TA，所述第一公式包括：
    TA＝TA new+p；
    当利用所述第二RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据所述经过处理后的TA，利用第二公式计算所述未经过处理的TA，所述第二公式包括：
    TA＝TA new+p+1；
    其中，TA为所述未经过处理的TA，TA new为所述经过处理后的TA，p为所述第一偏移值。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取所述第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，包括：
    接收所述基站发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述基站和所述UE之间的粗略RTD；
    将所述粗略RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到第二偏移值；
    根据所述第二偏移值获取所述索引差值。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰，包括：
    分别利用第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI和第六RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰；
    其中，所述第四RA-RNTI根据由第四索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第五RA-RNTI根据由第五索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第六RA-RNTI根据由第六索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第四索引差值等于所述第二偏移值减1，所述第五索引差值等于所述第二偏移值，所述第六索引差值等于所述第二偏移值加1。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述RAR中携带有经过处理后的TA，所述方法还包括：
    当利用所述第四RA-RNTI、所述第五RA-RNTI或所述第六RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据所述经过处理后的TA，利用第三公式计算未经过处理的TA，所述第三公式包括：
    TA＝TA new+RTD rough；
    其中，TA为所述未经过处理的TA，TA new为所述经过处理后的TA，RTD rough为所述粗略RTD。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站为人造卫星。
  10. 一种随机接入方法，其特征在于，用于无线通信系统的基站中，所述无线通信系统包括用户设备UE和所述基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时隙的时长，所述方法包括：
    通过第二时域资源接收所述UE发送的随机接入前导码，并获取所述第二时域资源的索引值；
    获取第一时域资源和所述第二时域资源之间的索引差值，所述索引差值是根据所述UE和所述基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，所述第一时域资源是所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源；
    将所述第二时域资源的索引值与所述索引差值相减得到所述第一时域资源的索引值；
    根据所述第一时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
    利用所述RA-RNTI对接入响应RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行加扰，并向所述UE发送经过加扰的所述RAR。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一时域资源为所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的物理随机接入信道PRACH的第一个时隙，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述获取第一时域资源和所述第二时域资源之间的索引差值，包括：
    获取定时提前TA，将所述TA与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到所述索引差值。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述基站为人造卫星。
  13. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，用于无线通信系统的用户设备UE中，所述无线通信系统包括所述UE和基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时隙的时长，所述方法包括：
    发送模块，用于通过第一时域资源向所述基站发送随机接入前导码；
    第一获取模块，用于获取所述第一时域资源的索引值；
    第二获取模块，用于获取所述第一时域资源和第二时域资源之间的索引差值，所述索引差值是根据所述UE和所述基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，所述第二时域资源是所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源；
    第三获取模块，用于将所述第一时域资源的索引值与所述索引差值相加得到所述第二时域资源的索引值；
    第四获取模块，用于根据所述第二时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
    接收模块，用于接收所述基站发送的随机接入响应RAR；
    解扰模块，用于利用所述RA-RNTI对所述RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行解扰。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一时域资源为所述UE向所述基 站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的随机接入物理信道PRACH的第一个时隙，所述第一获取模块，用于：
    接收所述基站发送的广播信息，所述广播信息用于指示所述第一时域资源的索引值。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述第二获取模块，用于：
    接收所述基站发送的第一偏移值，所述第一偏移值是所述基站将最小RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行取整操作后得到的，所述最小RTD是根据所述基站与目标小区之间的最近距离得到的，所述目标小区为所述UE所在的小区；
    根据所述第一偏移值获取所述索引差值。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述解扰模块，用于：
    当所述取整操作为向下取整操作时，分别利用第一RA-RNTI和第二RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，所述第一RA-RNTI根据由第一索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第二RA-RNTI根据由第二索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第一索引差值等于所述第一偏移值加1，所述第二索引差值等于所述第一偏移值加2；
    当所述取整操作为向上取整操作时，分别利用所述第一RA-RNTI和第三RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰，其中，所述第三RA-RNTI根据由第三索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第三索引差值等于所述第一偏移值。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述RAR携带有经过处理后的定时提前TA，所述装置还包括：
    第一计算模块，用于在利用所述第一RA-RNTI或所述第三RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据经过处理后的TA，利用第一公式计算未经过处理的TA，所述第一公式包括：
    TA＝TA new+p；
    第二计算模块，用于在利用所述第二RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据所述经过处理后的TA，利用第二公式计算所述未经过处理的TA，所述第二公式包括：
    TA＝TA new+p+1；
    其中，TA为所述未经过处理的TA，TA new为所述经过处理后的TA，p为所述第一偏移值。
  18. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二时域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述第二获取模块，用于：
    接收所述基站发送的指示信息，所述指示信息用于指示所述基站和所述UE之间的粗略RTD；
    将所述粗略RTD与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到第二偏移值；
    根据所述第二偏移值获取所述索引差值。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述解扰模块，用于：
    分别利用第四RA-RNTI、第五RA-RNTI和第六RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC进行解扰；
    其中，所述第四RA-RNTI根据由第四索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第五RA-RNTI根据由第五索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第六RA-RNTI根据由第六索引差值和所述第一时域资源的索引值相加得到的所述第二时域资源的索引值计算得到，所述第四索引差值等于所述第二偏移值减1，所述第五索引差值等于所述第二偏移值，所述第六索引差值等于所述第二偏移值加1。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的装置，其特征在于，所述RAR中携带有经过处理后的TA，所述装置还包括：
    第三计算模块，用于在利用所述第四RA-RNTI、所述第五RA-RNTI或所述第六RA-RNTI对所述RAR的CRC成功解扰时，根据所述经过处理后的TA，利用第三公式计算未经过处理的TA，所述第三公式包括：
    TA＝TA new+RTD rough；
    其中，TA为所述未经过处理的TA，TA new为所述经过处理后的TA，RTD rough为所述粗略RTD。
  21. 根据权利要求13至20任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述基站为人造卫星。
  22. 一种随机接入装置，其特征在于，用于无线通信系统的基站中，所述无线通信系统包括用户设备UE和所述基站，其中，所述UE和所述基站之间的往返时延RTD大于单个时隙的时长，所述装置包括：
    接收模块，用于通过第二时域资源接收所述UE发送的随机接入前导码；
    第一获取模块，用于获取所述第二时域资源的索引值；
    第二获取模块，用于获取第一时域资源和所述第二时域资源之间的索引差值，所述索引差值是根据所述UE和所述基站之间传输数据的时延确定的，所述第一时域资源是所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的时域资源；
    第三获取模块，用于将所述第二时域资源的索引值与所述索引差值相减得到所述第一时域资源的索引值；
    第四获取模块，用于根据所述第一时域资源的索引值获取随机接入无线网络临时标识RA-RNTI；
    加扰模块，用于利用所述RA-RNTI对随机接入响应RAR的循环冗余校验码CRC进行加扰；
    发送模块，用于向所述UE发送经过加扰的所述RAR。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一时域资源为所述UE向所述基站发送所述随机接入前导码所使用的物理随机接入信道PRACH的第一个时隙，所述第二时 域资源为所述基站接收所述UE发送的所述随机接入前导码所使用的PRACH的第一个时隙，所述第二获取模块，用于：
    获取定时提前TA，将所述TA与单个时隙的时长的商进行向上取整操作得到所述索引差值。
  24. 根据权利要求22或23所述的装置，其特征在于，所述基站为人造卫星。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储有指令；
    所述处理器被配置为执行所述存储器中存储的指令，所述处理器通过执行所述指令来实现如权利要求1至9任一所述的随机接入方法。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器和所述存储器集成在一起。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储有指令；
    所述处理器被配置为执行所述存储器中存储的指令，所述处理器通过执行所述指令来实现如权利要求10至12任一所述的随机接入方法。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器和所述存储器集成在一起。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令在处理器上运行时，使得所述处理器执行权利要求1至9任一所述的随机接入方法，或者，使得所述处理器执行权利要求10至12任一所述的随机接入方法。
  30. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括可编程逻辑电路和程序指令中的至少一种，所述芯片运行时能够执行权利要求1至9任一所述的随机接入方法，或者，所述芯片运行时能够执行权利要求10至12任一所述的随机接入方法。
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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US20220304062A1 (en) * 2020-08-05 2022-09-22 Apple Inc. Resolution of Mismatch in Calculation of Random Access Radio Network Temporary Identifier
US12156255B2 (en) 2020-08-05 2024-11-26 Apple Inc. Random access preamble transmission using a timing-based partition of preamble space
US12317326B2 (en) * 2020-08-05 2025-05-27 Apple Inc. Resolution of mismatch in calculation of random access radio network temporary identifier

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KR20210076116A (ko) 2021-06-23
US12369185B2 (en) 2025-07-22
CN114364032B (zh) 2025-10-10
EP3863360A1 (en) 2021-08-11
CN114364032A (zh) 2022-04-15
KR102625339B1 (ko) 2024-01-12
US11889547B2 (en) 2024-01-30
EP3863360A4 (en) 2022-01-05
US20240205962A1 (en) 2024-06-20
CN111132364B (zh) 2021-12-14
US20210250990A1 (en) 2021-08-12

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