WO2020090702A1 - ポリカルボジイミド化合物、並びに、これを用いたポリエステル樹脂組成物及びポリエステル樹脂改質剤 - Google Patents
ポリカルボジイミド化合物、並びに、これを用いたポリエステル樹脂組成物及びポリエステル樹脂改質剤 Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/2805—Compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/285—Nitrogen containing compounds
- C08G18/2865—Compounds having only one primary or secondary amino group; Ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C267/00—Carbodiimides
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/02—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only
- C08G18/025—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only the polymeric products containing carbodiimide groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
- C08G18/751—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring
- C08G18/752—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/753—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group
- C08G18/755—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing only one cycloaliphatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group containing one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the cycloaliphatic ring by means of an aliphatic group having a primary carbon atom next to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate group and at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to a secondary carbon atom of the cycloaliphatic ring, e.g. isophorone diisocyanate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/75—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic
- C08G18/758—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic cycloaliphatic containing two or more cycloaliphatic rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/74—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic
- C08G18/76—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic
- C08G18/7614—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring
- C08G18/7628—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group
- C08G18/765—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates cyclic aromatic containing only one aromatic ring containing at least one isocyanate or isothiocyanate group linked to the aromatic ring by means of an aliphatic group alpha, alpha, alpha', alpha', -tetraalkylxylylene diisocyanate or homologues substituted on the aromatic ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/77—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates having heteroatoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulfur
- C08G18/78—Nitrogen
- C08G18/79—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/797—Nitrogen characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates containing carbodiimide and/or uretone-imine groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/70—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used
- C08G18/72—Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates
- C08G18/80—Masked polyisocyanates
- C08G18/8061—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/807—Masked polyisocyanates masked with compounds having only one group containing active hydrogen with nitrogen containing compounds
- C08G18/808—Monoamines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/29—Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/08—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing additives to improve the compatibility between two polymers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a polycarbodiimide compound that can be preferably used for improving the hydrolysis resistance of a polyester resin, and a polyester resin composition and a polyester resin modifier using the polycarbodiimide compound.
- Polyester resins are generally used for fibers, films, sheets and the like because they are excellent in transparency, mechanical strength, processability, solvent resistance and the like, and are also used for recycling. However, since the polyester resin is liable to cause hydrolysis due to deterioration with time, a carbodiimide compound may be added as a polyester resin modifier for the purpose of suppressing the hydrolysis and improving the hydrolysis resistance.
- Patent Document 1 describes that a specific urea-modified carbodiimide has good compatibility with a polyester resin and can improve the hydrolysis resistance of the polyester resin.
- a urea-modified carbodiimide having a number of carbodiimide groups (degree of polymerization of carbodiimide groups) introduced with a urea bond by di-n-butylamine (boiling point 159 ° C. at 1 atmosphere) is disclosed. There is.
- a urea-modified carbodiimide in which the number of carbodiimide groups (degree of polymerization of carbodiimide groups) introduced with a urea bond by n-butylamine (boiling point 78 ° C. at 1 atmosphere) is 10 is disclosed.
- the urea-modified carbodiimide disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a urea bond introduced by using an amine compound having a high boiling point of 150 ° C. or higher, or an amine compound having a lower boiling point. Is used, the degree of polymerization of the carbodiimide group is 10.
- the unreacted amine compound is likely to remain in the resulting urea-modified carbodiimide without being distilled off.
- the urea bond may be broken and the amine compound may be liberated by heating during melt-kneading with the polyester resin, and the amine compound may remain in the polyester resin composition containing the urea-modified carbodiimide without volatilizing.
- Such residual amine may adversely affect the performance of the polyester resin to which the urea-modified carbodiimide is added.
- the urea-modified carbodiimide having a carbodiimide group polymerization degree of 10 is a polyester resin containing the urea-modified carbodiimide.
- the composition has a high melt viscosity and is inferior in processability.
- the polycarbodiimide compound added to the polyester resin has a minimum amount of residual amine as much as possible, and does not reduce the hydrolysis resistance imparted to the polyester resin by addition, and is good in kneading, molding, etc. It is required to have excellent workability.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, the residual amine amount is small, while maintaining the hydrolysis resistance of the polyester resin imparted by the addition, processability in addition to the polyester resin It is an object of the present invention to provide a polycarbodiimide compound having good properties, and a polyester resin composition and a polyester resin modifier using the same.
- the present invention provides a polycarbodiimide compound having a terminal isocyanate group blocked with an amine compound having a predetermined boiling point and having a predetermined degree of polymerization of a carbodiimide group, in view of hydrolysis resistance and processability. It is based on the finding that it is excellent as a substance.
- R m is a hydrocarbon residue of an amine compound having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or less at 1 atm represented by R m NH 3-m , m is 1 or 2, and Z is an aliphatic group.
- a polycarbodiimide compound which is a residue obtained by removing two isocyanate groups from a diisocyanate compound, and n is an integer of 2 to 7.
- the polyester resin modifier according to the above [6] which is a compatibilizing agent for a polyester resin.
- the compatibilizing agent is a compatibilizing agent that compatibilizes the polyester resin (A) with another polyester resin (B), and the Fedors method of the polyester resin (A) and the polyester resin (B) is used.
- the polyester resin modifier according to the above [7] wherein the required difference in solubility parameter is 0.20 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more.
- the polyester resin modifier according to the above [7] wherein the compatibilizing agent is a compatibilizing agent that compatibilizes a polyester resin with a polyamide resin.
- the polycarbodiimide compound of the present invention has a small amount of residual amine derived from raw materials and can be obtained as a high quality product. Further, it has good processability in kneading, molding, etc. without lowering the hydrolysis resistance imparted to the polyester resin by addition to the polyester resin. Therefore, the polyester resin composition using the polycarbodiimide compound has good hydrolysis resistance and excellent processability. Further, according to the present invention, there is provided a polyester resin modifier capable of imparting good hydrolysis resistance to a polyester resin by using the polycarbodiimide compound.
- the polycarbodiimide compound of the present invention is represented by the following general formula (1).
- R m is a hydrocarbon residue of an amine compound represented by R m NH 3-m and having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or less at 1 atm.
- m is 1 or 2.
- Z is a residue obtained by removing two isocyanate groups from the aliphatic diisocyanate compound.
- n is an integer of 2 to 7.
- the amine compound constitutes both ends of the polycarbodiimide compound represented by the above formula (1), seals the terminal isocyanate group, and introduces a urea bond.
- the amine compound is represented by R m NH 3-m , and m is 1 or 2. That is, it is a primary amine (RNH 2 ) or a secondary amine (R 2 NH).
- R is a hydrocarbon group, and two Rs in the secondary amine may be the same or different. Further, the Rs at both terminals represented by the formula (1) may be the same or different.
- the amine compound is a compound having a boiling point at 1 atm (hereinafter, simply referred to as “boiling point”) of 150 ° C. or less, preferably 80 to 150 ° C., and more preferably 80 to 140 ° C. ..
- the unreacted amine compound is likely to remain in the polycarbodiimide compound without being distilled off.
- a polycarbodiimide compound having a large amount of residual amine may adversely affect the performance of the polyester resin to which it is added.
- the urea bond in the polycarbodiimide compound is easily broken at about 150 to 200 ° C., and the urea bond is broken and the amine compound is liberated and remains without volatilization during heating and the like during melt kneading with the polyester resin. Things are also likely to occur.
- an amine compound having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or less is liable to volatilize, and when this is used as a raw material for synthesizing a polycarbodiimide compound, it hardly remains in the polycarbodiimide compound, the residual amine amount is small, and high quality A polycarbodiimide compound is obtained. Further, when the boiling point is 80 ° C. or higher, it is preferable for obtaining sufficient reactivity in the reaction of blocking the terminal isocyanate group during the synthesis of the polycarbodiimide compound.
- an aliphatic amine having a boiling point of 150 ° C. or less can be mentioned.
- Specific examples include n-propylamine (boiling point 49 ° C.), n-butylamine (boiling point 78 ° C.), isobutylamine (boiling point 63 ° C.), sec-butylamine (boiling point 63 ° C.), tert-butylamine (boiling point 46 ° C.), Primary amines such as cyclohexylamine (boiling point: 135 ° C.); secondary amines such as diethylamine (boiling point: 55 ° C.) and diisopropylamine (boiling point: 84 ° C.).
- cyclohexylamine and diisopropylamine are preferable, and cyclohexylamine is more preferable, from the viewpoint of ease of uniform mixing when the polycarbodiimide compound is added to the polyester resin.
- (Aliphatic diisocyanate compound) Z in the above formula (1) is a residue obtained by removing two isocyanate groups from an aliphatic diisocyanate compound.
- the diisocyanate compound is a compound having two isocyanate groups.
- the "aliphatic diisocyanate compound" in the present invention means a diisocyanate compound which is not a compound in which a carbon atom directly bonded to an isocyanate group constitutes an aromatic ring. That is, the hydrocarbon group bonded to the isocyanate group may be chain-like or cyclic, and also includes those having a carbon atom not directly bonded to the isocyanate group having an aromatic ring.
- the polycarbodiimide compound When Z is a compound in which a carbon atom directly bonded to an isocyanate group constitutes an aromatic ring, that is, an aromatic isocyanate compound is derived, the polycarbodiimide compound has sufficient hydrolysis resistance to a polyester resin. Is difficult to impart, and the polyester resin to which this is added has a high viscosity and is inferior in processability such as kneading and molding.
- Examples of the aliphatic diisocyanate compound include tetramethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 1,4-cyclohexane diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane-4,4′-diisocyanate, methylcyclohexane diisocyanate, 1,3-bis (isocyanatomethyl) cyclohexane.
- 3-isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl isocyanate also known as isophorone diisocyanate
- xylylene diisocyanate 1,3-bis (2-isocyanato-2-propyl) benzene (also known as tetramethyl xylylene diisocyanate) )
- dicyclohexylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate are preferable from the viewpoints of stability and the effect of improving the hydrolysis resistance of the polyester resin.
- n represents the number of carbodiimide groups contained in the polycarbodiimide compound, and is referred to as "degree of polymerization of carbodiimide group" in the present specification.
- the n is an integer of 2 to 7, preferably 3 to 6, and more preferably 4 to 6.
- the polycarbodiimide compound added to the polyester resin can impart hydrolysis resistance due to the carbodiimide group. When n is less than 2, sufficient hydrolysis resistance cannot be obtained.
- the polycarbodiimide compound when n is 7 or less, can be made to have an appropriate viscosity at the heating temperature when melt-kneading with the polyester resin, the compatibility becomes good, and the polyester resin It is easy to obtain a uniform mixture of Therefore, such a polycarbodiimide compound has good processability in kneading, molding and the like.
- the method for producing the polycarbodiimide compound is not particularly limited, and it can be produced by a known production method.
- the aliphatic diisocyanate compound is subjected to a carbodiimidization reaction using a carbodiimidization catalyst to obtain an isocyanate-terminated polycarbodiimide, and a terminal isocyanate group of the isocyanate-terminated polycarbodiimide is sealed with the amine compound.
- It can be manufactured by a manufacturing method including a step of performing a reaction to obtain the polycarbodiimide compound.
- a specific manufacturing method a method as shown in the following examples can be mentioned.
- the carbodiimidization catalyst has a function of promoting the decarboxylation condensation reaction of the aliphatic diisocyanate compound.
- examples thereof include organic phosphorus compounds such as phosphorene compounds and phosphoric acid ester compounds; organic metal compounds such as metal alkoxides, metal carbonyl complexes and metal acetylacetone complexes. From the viewpoint of catalytic activity and the like, phospholene oxide is preferable as the organic phosphorus compound. Further, as the organic metal compound, alkoxides such as titanium, hafnium and zirconium are preferable.
- Phosphorene oxide is more preferable, and specifically, 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholen-1-oxide, 3-methyl-1-ethyl-1-phospholen-1-oxide, 1-phenyl.
- Examples thereof include -2-phospholen-1-oxide, 1-ethyl-2-phospholen-1-oxide, 1-methyl-2-phospholen-1-oxide, and their 3-phosphorene isomers.
- 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phospholen-1-oxide is more preferable from the viewpoint of catalytic activity and availability.
- the amount of the carbodiimidization catalyst used in the carbodiimidization reaction may be a general amount of catalyst that can promote the carbodiimidization reaction, the type of the diisocyanate compound as the reaction raw material, the temperature and time of the carbodiimidization reaction, and It is appropriately set according to the degree of polymerization of the carbodiimide group in the obtained polycarbodiimide compound. Usually, it is 0.01 to 2.0 parts by mass, preferably 0.05 to 1.8 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the aliphatic diisocyanate compound. is there.
- the reaction temperature in the carbodiimidization reaction is appropriately set depending on the appropriate reaction promotion, the degree of polymerization of the carbodiimide group in the obtained polycarbodiimide compound, and the like. Usually, it is preferably 80 to 220 ° C, more preferably 90 to 200 ° C, and further preferably 100 to 195 ° C.
- the reaction time in the carbodiimidization reaction is appropriately set according to the reaction temperature, the degree of polymerization of the carbodiimide group in the obtained polycarbodiimide compound, and the like. Usually, it is preferably 1.0 to 36.0 hours, more preferably 2.0 to 30.0 hours, and further preferably 3.0 to 25.0 hours.
- the reaction temperature in the reaction for sealing the terminal isocyanate group of the isocyanate-terminated polycarbodiimide is appropriately within a range capable of promoting the reaction without causing a side reaction depending on the type of the amine compound used for the sealing and the like. Is set. Generally, the temperature is preferably 20 to 200 ° C, more preferably 30 to 190 ° C, and further preferably 50 to 180 ° C.
- the reaction time in the reaction of blocking the terminal isocyanate group of the isocyanate-terminated polycarbodiimide is appropriately set according to the reaction temperature, the type of the amine compound, and the like. Usually, it is preferably 0.1 to 3.0 hours, more preferably 0.2 to 2.0 hours, and further preferably 0.3 to 1.5 hours.
- the polyester resin composition of the present invention contains the polycarbodiimide compound and a polyester resin.
- the polyester resin composition from the viewpoint of the performance required in its application, if necessary, within the range not impairing the effects of the present invention, for example, antioxidants, flame retardants, ultraviolet absorbers, colorants, etc.
- Known additives applied to the polyester resin may be included.
- the polyester resin is a resin having a polycondensation product of a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a polyhydric alcohol, a polycondensation product of a hydroxy acid, and the like as a basic component, and known ones can be used.
- the polyester resin include polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polybutylene succinate (PBS), polybutylene succinate adipate (PBSA), polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), polylactic acid (PLA).
- PHA polyhydroxyalkanoic acid
- PBS polyhydroxybutyric acid
- PCL polycaprolactone
- PET, PBT, PBS, PBSA, PLA, and PHB are preferably used from the viewpoints of industrial availability, recycling, and the like.
- PLA, PHB and the like are preferable.
- the content of the polycarbodiimide compound is preferably 0.2 to 5.0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.3 to 3.
- the amount is 0 parts by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 2.0 parts by mass.
- the content is 0.2 parts by mass or more, sufficient hydrolysis resistance can be imparted to the polyester resin.
- the amount is 5.0 parts by mass or less, deterioration of processability in kneading and molding due to excessive addition of the polycarbodiimide compound, deterioration of strength of a molded product formed from the polyester resin composition, and the like are suppressed. can do.
- the polyester resin composition can be obtained, for example, by melt-kneading the polycarbodiimide compound and the polyester resin. At this time, a mixture obtained by previously mixing the polycarbodiimide compound and the polyester resin may be melt-kneaded, or alternatively, the polycarbodiimide compound may be added to the melted polyester resin and kneaded. Further, by any one of these methods, a resin compound such as a masterbatch prepared once and the polyester resin may be melt-kneaded. In addition to the polycarbodiimide compound, the additive may be added within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- the melt-kneading means is not particularly limited, and a known kneader can be used. Examples of the kneader include a single-screw or twin-screw extruder and a roll mixer.
- the production of a polyester resin product using the above polyester resin composition can be carried out by molding using a known method such as an injection molding method, a film molding method, a blow molding method, or a foam molding method. It can be molded into various shapes such as a film shape, a sheet shape, and a block shape at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the polyester resin used.
- the polyester resin modifier of the present invention contains the polycarbodiimide compound. As described above, since the polycarbodiimide compound of the present invention can impart good hydrolysis resistance when added to a polyester resin, it can be suitably used as a polyester resin modifier.
- the polyester resin modifier also includes a compatibilizer having a function of improving the compatibility of the polyester resin.
- a compatibilizer having a function of improving the compatibility of the polyester resin.
- At least one of the resins to which the compatibilizer is added is a polyester resin.
- the compatibilizing agent can favorably compatibilize different types of polyester resins with each other or the polyester resin and the polyamide resin. Even when the polyester resin modifier is such a compatibilizing agent, different types of polyester resins are used together, or alternatively, a polyester resin and a polyamide resin are used to obtain a polyester resin composition as described above. By the same operation as kneading, a well-compatibilized polyester resin composition can be obtained.
- the polyester resin to which the compatibilizer is added may be selected from the polyester resins exemplified in the description of the polyester resin composition.
- the difference in the solubility parameter (SP value) of the different types of polyester resin (A) and polyester resin (B) obtained by the Fedors method is 0. If it is more than 20 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 , the compatibility is usually poor.
- PLA (11.10) and PBS (10.85), PLA (11.10) and PBSA (10.44 to 10.85), PET (12.39) and PLA (11.10), PLA ( 11.10) and PCL (10.16) and the like the numerical value in the parenthesis is the SP value [(cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 ]).
- the compatibilizer can be applied to any type of polyester resin, but in particular, polyester resins having a large SP value difference of 0.20 (cal / cm 3 ) 1/2 or more as described above. It is effective in improving the compatibility of.
- the polyamide resin is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include general-purpose resins such as nylon 6 and nylon 66.
- the compatibilizer can effectively improve the compatibility of both resins even when a polyester resin composition is prepared by using a polyester resin and a polyamide resin together.
- the compatibility of the resins used together in the polyester resin composition to which the compatibilizing agent is added can be judged by using the haze of the sheet-shaped molded product (test piece) of the polyester resin composition as an index. ..
- the haze is a value measured by a method conforming to JIS K 7136: 2000, that is, a percentage of transmitted light passing through a test piece that is deviated by 2.5 ° or more from incident light due to forward scattering. It can be used and specifically measured by the method described in the following examples. The smaller the haze, the smaller the light scattering, and the better the translucency of the test piece. When the translucency is good as described above, it can be said that the compatibility of the resins used together in the polyester resin composition is good.
- the polyester resin modifier is the compatibilizer
- the polycarbodiimide compound in the polyester resin composition can exhibit good compatibility with the same content as described above.
- the polyester resin modifier is, in accordance with the application thereof, appropriately, in addition to the polycarbodiimide compound, the same additives as those described in the description of the polyester resin composition within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. It may be included in advance. If such a polyester resin modifier is used in the production of the polyester resin composition as described above, it is possible to save the labor of adding the additive separately, and to improve the efficiency of the work.
- the property of the modifier is not particularly limited, but it is preferably solid, particularly powder or pellet from the viewpoint of easy handling and the like.
- -DIPA diisopyramine
- molecular weight 101.19, boiling point 84 ° C BA n-butylamine
- PA n-propylamine
- DBA di-n-butylamine
- DCHA dicyclohexylamine; molecular weight 181.32, boiling point 256 ° C.
- Example 1 100 parts by mass of HMDI and 0.5 parts by mass of 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-phosphorene-1-oxide as a carbodiimidization catalyst were placed in a reaction vessel equipped with a reflux tube and a stirrer, and at 185 ° C. under a nitrogen stream. After stirring and mixing for 6.5 hours, a carbodiimidization reaction was performed to obtain an isocyanate-terminated polycarbodiimide. With respect to the obtained isocyanate-terminated polycarbodiimide, an absorption peak due to a carbodiimide group around a wavelength of 2150 cm -1 was confirmed by IR spectrum measurement. The amount of terminal NCO was 12.02% by mass, and the degree of polymerization of the carbodiimide group was 2.
- Example 1 Example 1
- the reaction conditions (temperature and time) of the diisocyanate compound, the amine compound, and the carbodiimidization reaction were changed, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1, and the following Table 1
- Each polycarbodiimide compound having a predetermined polymerization degree n shown in was synthesized.
- polyester resin composition Various polyester resin compositions were prepared using the polycarbodiimide compounds synthesized in the above Examples and Comparative Examples, and the polyester resins (and polyamide resins) shown below.
- polyester resin composition (1) 100 parts by mass of PBSA was melted at 170 ° C. using a lab mixer (“Segment Mixer KF70V”, Toyo Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd., Labo Plastomill (registered trademark); hereinafter the same), and then the polycarbodiimide compound 1 was used. 0.0 parts by mass was added and kneaded for 3 minutes to prepare a polyester resin composition (1).
- polyester resin composition (2) (Preparation of polyester resin composition (2)) Using a lab mixer, 90 parts by mass of PLA and 10 parts by mass of PBSA were melted at 210 ° C., 0.5 parts by mass of a polycarbodiimide compound was added, and the mixture was kneaded for 3 minutes to obtain a polyester resin composition (2). (PET / PBSA) was prepared.
- polyester resin composition (3) (Preparation of polyester resin composition (3)) Using a lab mixer, 80 parts by mass of PLA and 20 parts by mass of PBS were melted at 210 ° C., 0.5 parts by mass of a polycarbodiimide compound was added, and the mixture was kneaded for 3 minutes to obtain a polyester resin composition (3). (PET / PBS) was prepared.
- polyester resin composition (4) (Preparation of polyester resin composition (4)) Using a lab mixer, 80 parts by mass of PET and 20 parts by mass of Ny6 were melted at 260 ° C., then 0.5 parts by mass of a polycarbodiimide compound was added and kneaded for 3 minutes to obtain a polyester resin composition (4). (PET / Ny6) was prepared.
- the polyester resin composition (1) was hot pressed at 170 ° C. to form a sheet having a thickness of about 300 ⁇ m, and then a strip-shaped test piece having a width of 10 mm and a length of 10 cm was prepared.
- a tensile test was performed immediately after the production (initial stage) and after the moist heat treatment.
- the moist heat treatment was performed by exposing to a moist heat tester at a temperature of 70 ° C. and a relative humidity of 90% for 200 hours.
- a tensile tester (“3365”, manufactured by Instron Co., Ltd.) is used to measure the tensile elongation when the test piece breaks under the conditions of a marked line distance of 30 mm and a tensile speed of 100 mm / min. Went by. Taking the initial tensile elongation as 100, the relative ratio of the tensile elongation after the wet heat treatment was calculated. It can be said that the larger the relative ratio of the tensile elongation, the smaller the degree of decrease in the tensile elongation before and after the wet heat treatment, and the more excellent the hydrolysis resistance.
- the melt viscosity of the polyester resin composition (1) was measured with a capillary rheometer (“Flow Tester CFT-500D”, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) at 170 ° C. using an orifice with a diameter of 1.0 mm ⁇ 10.0 mm. It was measured. It can be said that the lower the melt viscosity, the better the workability in uniformly mixing the polyester resin composition (1), the easier the molding, and the better the processability.
- the evaluation result is A when the melt viscosity is less than 1,200 Pa ⁇ s, B when it is 1,200 Pa ⁇ s or more and less than 1,600 Pa ⁇ s, and C when it is 1,600 Pa ⁇ s or more. Indicates.
- each of the obtained polyester resin compositions (2) to (4) was molded into a sheet having a thickness of 150 to 200 ⁇ m by hot pressing to prepare a test piece (50 mm ⁇ 50 mm).
- the hot pressing temperature was 210 ° C. for the polyester resin compositions (2) and (3) and 260 ° C. for the polyester resin composition (4).
- the above test was carried out using the respective polyester resin compositions obtained by performing the same operation except that the polycarbodiimide compound was not added. Each blank test piece was produced in the same manner as the piece.
- the haze of each test piece and blank test piece was measured using a haze meter (“NDH5000”, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.) by a method according to JIS K 7136: 2000.
- NDH5000 manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.
- JIS K 7136 2000.
- the compatibility of the two resins in each of the polyester resin compositions (2) to (4) is good, the permeability of the test piece is good and the haze value becomes small. Therefore, the haze value was used as an index of compatibility.
- the polycarbodiimide compound of the present invention has a small amount of residual amine derived from raw materials and can be obtained as a high quality product.
- the polyester resin composition (1) using the polycarbodiimide compound has good hydrolysis resistance and excellent processability, and the polycarbodiimide compound is used as a polyester resin modifier. It was confirmed that it had a good effect. Further, it was also found that the polycarbodiimide compound can improve the compatibility between resins in the polyester resin composition and has a good effect as a compatibilizing agent for the polyester resin.
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Abstract
Description
しかしながら、ポリエステル樹脂は、経時劣化により加水分解を生じやすいため、これを抑制し、耐加水分解性を向上させる目的で、ポリエステル樹脂改質剤としてカルボジイミド化合物が添加されることがある。
また、アミン化合物として、ジ-n-ブチルアミンよりも沸点の低い、n-ブチルアミンを用いた場合であっても、カルボジイミド基の重合度が10のウレア変性カルボジイミドは、該ウレア変性カルボジイミドを含むポリエステル樹脂組成物の溶融粘度が高くなり、加工性に劣る。
[1]下記一般式(1)で表され、
RmNH2-m-CO-NH-Z-(N=C=N-Z)n-NH-CO-NH2-mRm (1)
前記Rmは、RmNH3-mで表される、1気圧における沸点が150℃以下のアミン化合物の炭化水素残基であり、前記mは1又は2であり、前記Zは、脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物から2個のイソシアネート基を除いた残基であり、前記nは2~7のいずれかの整数である、ポリカルボジイミド化合物。
[2]前記アミン化合物の1気圧における沸点が80~150℃である、上記[1]に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
[3]前記アミン化合物が、シクロヘキシルアミン及びジイソプロピルアミンから選ばれる1種以上である、上記[1]又は[2]に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
[4]前記脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物が、ジシクロヘキシルメタン-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート及びテトラメチルキシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる1種以上である、上記[1]~[3]のいずれか1項に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
[5]前記nが、3~6のいずれかの整数である、上記[1]~[4]のいずれか1項に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
[7]ポリエステル樹脂の相溶化剤である、上記[6]に記載のポリエステル樹脂改質剤。
[8]前記相溶化剤が、ポリエステル樹脂(A)を、他のポリエステル樹脂(B)と相溶化させる相溶化剤であり、前記ポリエステル樹脂(A)及び前記ポリエステル樹脂(B)のFedors法により求められる溶解パラメータの差が0.20(cal/cm3)1/2以上である、上記[7]に記載のポリエステル樹脂改質剤。
[9]前記相溶化剤が、ポリエステル樹脂をポリアミド樹脂と相溶化させる相溶化剤である、上記[7]に記載のポリエステル樹脂改質剤。
[11]前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物の含有量が、前記ポリエステル樹脂の合計100質量部に対して0.2~5.0質量部である、上記[10]に記載のポリエステル樹脂組成物。
したがって、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物を用いたポリエステル樹脂組成物は、耐加水分解性が良好であり、かつ、加工性にも優れている。
また、本発明によれば、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物を用いることにより、ポリエステル樹脂に耐加水分解性を良好に付与し得るポリエステル樹脂改質剤が提供される。
本発明のポリカルボジイミド化合物は、下記一般式(1)で表される。
RmNH2-m-CO-NH-Z-(N=C=N-Z)n-NH-CO-NH2-mRm (1)
前記式(1)において、Rmは、RmNH3-mで表される、1気圧における沸点が150℃以下のアミン化合物の炭化水素残基である。mは1又は2である。Zは、脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物から2個のイソシアネート基を除いた残基である。nは2~7のいずれかの整数である。
アミン化合物は、前記式(1)で表されるポリカルボジイミド化合物の両末端を構成し、末端イソシアネート基を封止して、ウレア結合を導入するものである。前記アミン化合物は、RmNH3-mで表され、mは1又は2である。すなわち、第一級アミン(RNH2)又は第二級アミン(R2NH)である。Rは炭化水素基であり、前記第二級アミンにおける2つのRは、同一であっても、異なっていてもよい。また、前記式(1)で表される両末端のRのそれぞれは、同一であっても、異なっていてもよい。
また、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物におけるウレア結合は150~200℃程度で切れやすく、ポリエステル樹脂との溶融混練時の加熱等において、該ウレア結合が切れて該アミン化合物が遊離し、揮発せずに残留することも生じやすい。
これに対して、沸点が150℃以下のアミン化合物は揮発しやすく、これをポリカルボジイミド化合物の合成原料として用いた場合、該ポリカルボジイミド化合物中に残留し難く、残留アミン量が少ない、高品質のポリカルボジイミド化合物が得られる。また、沸点が80℃以上であれば、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物の合成の際、前記末端イソシアネート基を封止する反応において、十分な反応性を得る上で好ましい。
前記式(1)中のZは、脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物から2個のイソシアネート基を除いた残基である。ジイソシアネート化合物とは、2個のイソシアネート基を有する化合物である。
本発明で言う「脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物」とは、イソシアネート基に直接結合する炭素原子が芳香環を構成している化合物ではないジイソシアネート化合物を意味する。すなわち、イソシアネート基に結合する炭化水素基は、鎖状であっても環状であってもよく、また、イソシアネート基に直接結合しない炭素原子が芳香環を有するものも含むものとする。
前記式(1)中のnは、該ポリカルボジイミド化合物に含まれるカルボジイミド基の数を表しており、本明細書中において、「カルボジイミド基の重合度」と言う。
前記nは2~7のいずれかの整数であり、好ましくは3~6、より好ましくは4~6である。
ポリエステル樹脂に添加されるポリカルボジイミド化合物は、そのカルボジイミド基によって耐加水分解性を付与し得る。前記nが2未満では、十分な耐加水分解性が得られない。また、前記nが7以下であることにより、該ポリカルボジイミド化合物を、ポリエステル樹脂と溶融混練する際の加熱温度において適度な粘性を有するものとすることができ、相溶性が良好となり、ポリエステル樹脂との均一な混合物が得られやすい。したがって、このようなポリカルボジイミド化合物は、混練や成形等において良好な加工性を有するものとなる。
前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物の製造方法は、特に限定されるものではなく、公知の製造方法を用いて製造することができる。例えば、前記脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物を、カルボジイミド化触媒を用いてカルボジイミド化反応を行い、イソシアネート末端ポリカルボジイミドを得る工程と、前記イソシアネート末端ポリカルボジイミドの末端イソシアネート基を、前記アミン化合物を用いて封止する反応を行い、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物を得る工程とを有する製造方法により製造することができる。具体的な製造方法としては、下記実施例に示すような方法が挙げられる。
より好ましくは、ホスホレンオキシドであり、具体的には、3-メチル-1-フェニル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシド、3-メチル-1-エチル-1-ホスホレン-1-オキシド、1-フェニル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシド、1-エチル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシド、1-メチル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシド、及びこれらの3-ホスホレン異性体等が挙げられる。これらのうち、触媒活性や入手容易性等の観点から、3-メチル-1-フェニル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシドがより好ましい。
前記カルボジイミド化反応における反応時間は、反応温度や、得られるポリカルボジイミド化合物におけるカルボジイミド基の重合度等に応じて適宜設定される。通常、1.0~36.0時間であることが好ましく、より好ましくは2.0~30.0時間、さらに好ましくは3.0~25.0時間である。
前記イソシアネート末端ポリカルボジイミドの末端イソシアネート基を封止する反応における反応時間は、反応温度や前記アミン化合物の種類等に応じて適宜設定される。通常、0.1~3.0時間であることが好ましく、より好ましくは0.2~2.0時間、さらに好ましくは0.3~1.5時間である。
本発明のポリエステル樹脂組成物は、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物及びポリエステル樹脂を含むものである。
前記ポリエステル樹脂組成物は、その用途において求められる性能等の観点から、必要に応じて、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲内において、例えば、酸化防止剤、難燃剤、紫外線吸収剤、着色剤等のポリエステル樹脂に適用される公知の添加剤が含まれていてもよい。
前記ポリエステル樹脂としては、例えば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)、ポリブチレンテレフタレート(PBT)、ポリブチレンサクシネート(PBS)、ポリブチレンサクシネートアジペート(PBSA)、ポリブチレンアジペートテレフタレート(PBAT)、ポリ乳酸(PLA)やポリヒドロキシ酪酸(PHB)等のポリヒドロキシアルカン酸(PHA)、ポリカプロラクトン(PCL)、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリアリレート、エチレンテレフタレート-イソフタレート共重合体等が挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で用いても、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらのうち、工業的な入手のしやすさ、リサイクル活用等の観点から、PET、PBT、PBS、PBSA、PLA、PHBが好適に用いられる。バイオマスプラスチックとしての観点からは、例えば、PLA、PHB等が好ましい。
前記含有量が0.2質量部以上であれば、前記ポリエステル樹脂に十分な耐加水分解性を付与することができる。また、5.0質量部以下であれば、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物の過剰添加に起因する、混練や成形における加工性の低下や、該ポリエステル樹脂組成物から形成される成形品の強度低下等を抑制することができる。
溶融混練手段は、特に限定されるものではなく、公知の混練機を用いて行うことができる。前記混練機としては、例えば、単軸や二軸の押出機、ロール混合機等が挙げられる。
本発明のポリエステル樹脂改質剤は、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物を含むものである。
上述したように、本発明のポリカルボジイミド化合物は、ポリエステル樹脂に添加することにより、良好に耐加水分解性を付与し得るものであることから、ポリエステル樹脂改質剤として好適に用いることができる。
前記ポリエステル樹脂改質剤が、このような相溶化剤である場合も、異なる種類のポリエステル樹脂同士、あるいはまた、ポリエステル樹脂とポリアミド樹脂とを用いて、上述したポリエステル樹脂組成物を得るための溶融混練と同様の操作により、良好に相溶化されたポリエステル樹脂組成物を得ることができる。
異なる種類のポリエステル樹脂同士を併用して、ポリエステル樹脂組成物を調製する際、異なる種類のポリエステル樹脂(A)及びポリエステル樹脂(B)のFedors法により求められる溶解パラメータ(SP値)の差が0.20(cal/cm3)1/2以上である場合は、通常、相溶性に劣る。例えば、PLA(11.10)とPBS(10.85)、PLA(11.10)とPBSA(10.44~10.85)、PET(12.39)とPLA(11.10)、PLA(11.10)とPCL(10.16)等が挙げられる(カッコ内の数値は、SP値[(cal/cm3)1/2])。
前記相溶化剤は、いずれの種類のポリエステル樹脂にも適用することができるが、特に、上記のようなSP値の差が0.20(cal/cm3)1/2以上と大きいポリエステル樹脂同士の相溶性を向上させる上で効果的である。
なお、前記改質剤の性状は、特に限定されるものではないが、取り扱い容易性等の観点から、固形状、特に、粉末状又はペレット状であることが好ましい。
下記実施例及び比較例においてポリカルボジイミド化合物の合成に用いた原料化合物の詳細を以下に示す。
<ジイソシアネート化合物>
・HMDI:ジシクロヘキシルメタン-4,4’-ジイソシアネート;分子量262.35
・TMXDI:テトラメチルキシリレンジイソシアネート;分子量244.29
・IPDI:イソホロンジイソシアネート;分子量222.29
・MDI:4,4’-ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート;分子量250.26
<アミン化合物>
・CHA:シクロヘキシルアミン;分子量99.18、沸点135℃
・DIPA:ジイソプピルアミン;分子量101.19、沸点84℃
・BA:n-ブチルアミン;分子量73.14、沸点78℃
・PA:n-プロピルアミン;分子量59.11、沸点49℃
・DBA:ジ-n-ブチルアミン;分子量129.24、沸点159℃
・DCHA:ジシクロヘキシルアミン;分子量181.32、沸点256℃
<赤外吸収(IR)スペクトル測定>
使用装置:フーリエ変換赤外分光光度計「FTIR-8200PC」(株式会社島津製作所製)
<カルボジイミド基の重合度>
使用装置:自動滴定装置「COM-900」(平沼産業株式会社製)
ポリカルボジイミド化反応により得られたイソシアネート末端ポリカルボジイミドに、既知濃度のDBAのトルエン溶液を混合して、前記末端イソシアネート基とDBAとを反応させ、残存するDBAを塩酸標準液で中和滴定し、電位差滴定法によりイソシアネート基の残存量(末端NCO量[質量%])を算出した。この末端NCO量から、カルボジイミド基の重合度nを求めた。
HMDI 100質量部、及びカルボジイミド化触媒として3-メチル-1-フェニル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシド0.5質量部を、還流管及び撹拌機付き反応容器に入れ、窒素気流下、185℃で6.5時間撹拌混合し、カルボジイミド化反応を行い、イソシアネート末端ポリカルボジイミドを得た。
得られたイソシアネート末端ポリカルボジイミドについて、IRスペクトル測定にて、波長2150cm-1前後におけるカルボジイミド基による吸収ピークが確認された。また、末端NCO量は12.02質量%であり、カルボジイミド基の重合度は2であった。
IRスペクトル測定にて、波長2200~2300cm-1のイソシアネート基の吸収ピークが消失したことを確認した後、反応容器から反応生成物を取り出し、室温まで冷却して、淡黄色透明な固形状のポリカルボジイミド化合物を得た。
実施例1において、下記表1に示すように、ジイソシアネート化合物、アミン化合物、及びカルボジイミド化反応の反応条件(温度及び時間)をそれぞれ変更し、それ以外は実施例1と同様にして、下記表1に示す所定の重合度nの各ポリカルボジイミド化合物を合成した。
MDI 100質量部、及びCHA 13.2質量部を還流管及び撹拌機付き反応容器に入れ、窒素気流下、室温(25℃)で0.5時間撹拌混合し、MDIの末端イソシアネート基の封止反応を行い、次いで、カルボジイミド化触媒として3-メチル-1-フェニル-2-ホスホレン-1-オキシド0.5質量部を添加し、110℃で2.0時間撹拌混合して、カルボジイミド化反応を行い、淡黄色透明な固形状のポリカルボジイミド化合物を得た。
上記実施例及び比較例において合成した各ポリカルボジイミド化合物、及び下記に示すポリエステル樹脂(及びポリアミド樹脂)を用いて、各種ポリエステル樹脂組成物を調製した。
<ポリエステル樹脂>
・PBSA:ポリブチレンサクシネートアジペート;「BioPBS(登録商標) FD-92PM」、PTT MCCバイオケム社製
・PLA:ポリ乳酸;「インジオ(登録商標) バイオポリマー 4032D」、ネイチャーワークスLLC社製
・PBS:ポリブチレンサクシネート
・PET:ポリエチレンテレフタレート;「TRN-8550FF」、帝人株式会社製
<ポリアミド樹脂>
・Ny6:ナイロン6;「ユニチカナイロン6 A1030BRL」、ユニチカ株式会社製
ラボミキサー(「セグメントミキサKF70V」、株式会社東洋精機製作所製、ラボプラストミル(登録商標);以下、同様。)を用いて、PBSA 100質量部を170℃で溶融させた後、ポリカルボジイミド化合物1.0質量部を加えて3分間混練して、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(1)を調製した。
ラボミキサーを用いて、PLA 90質量部、及びPBSA 10質量部を、210℃で溶融させた後、ポリカルボジイミド化合物0.5質量部を加えて3分間混練して、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(2)(PET/PBSA)を調製した。
ラボミキサーを用いて、PLA 80質量部、及びPBS 20質量部を、210℃で溶融させた後、ポリカルボジイミド化合物0.5質量部を加えて3分間混練して、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(3)(PET/PBS)を調製した。
ラボミキサーを用いて、PET 80質量部、及びNy6 20質量部を、260℃で溶融させた後、ポリカルボジイミド化合物0.5質量部を加えて3分間混練して、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(4)(PET/Ny6)を調製した。
上記で得られた各ポリカルボジイミド化合物及び各ポリエステル樹脂組成物について、下記項目についての評価を行った。これらの評価結果を、下記表1にまとめて示す。
ポリカルボジイミド化合物をテトラヒドロフランに溶解した後、アセトニトリルと混合し、ポリカルボジイミド化合物を析出させて、ろ過した。ろ液中に残留する未反応アミン化合物を、高速液体クロマトグラフィー(HPLC)にて定量した。HPLCの測定条件は、以下のとおりである。
<測定条件>
カラム:ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18(ウォーターズコーポレーション製、内径2.1mm×長さ100mm、粒子径1.7μm)
カラム温度:40℃
移動相:ギ酸/メタノール=0.1/99.9(体積比)、流速0.4mL/min
検出器:MS/MS(タンデム質量分析)
下記表1においては、残留アミン量が20ppm未満の場合をA、20ppm以上の場合をBとして評価結果を示す。
ポリエステル樹脂組成物(1)を170℃の熱プレスにより、厚み約300μmのシート状に成形した後、幅10mm、長さ10cmの短冊状の試験片を作製した。
作製直後(初期)及び湿熱処理後に、引張試験を行った。前記湿熱処理は、湿熱試験機にて、温度70℃、相対湿度90%で200時間曝露することにより行った。
前記引張試験は、引張試験機(「3365」、インストロン社製)を用いて、標線間距離30mm、引張速度100mm/分の条件で、試験片が破断したときの引張伸びを測定することにより行った。初期の引張伸びを100とし、これに対する湿熱処理後の引張伸びの相対比を算出した。
前記引張伸びの相対比が大きいほど、湿熱処理前後での引張伸びの低下の程度が小さく、耐加水分解性に優れていると言える。
下記表1においては、前記引張伸びの相対比が80以上の場合をA、60以上80未満の場合をB、60未満の場合をCとして評価結果を示す。なお、比較参照のため、ポリカルボジイミド化合物を未添加の場合についても、上記と同様の引張試験を行ったところ、評価結果はCであった。
ポリエステル樹脂組成物(1)の溶融粘度を、キャピラリーレオメーター(「フローテスタCFT-500D」、株式会社島津製作所製)にて、170℃で、直径1.0mm×10.0mmのオリフィスを用いて測定した。
前記溶融粘度が低いほど、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(1)を均一に混合する上での作業性が良好であり、また、成形も容易であり、加工性に優れていると言える。
下記表1においては、溶融粘度が1,200Pa・s未満の場合をA、1,200Pa・s以上1,600Pa・s未満の場合をB、1,600Pa・s以上の場合をCとして評価結果を示す。
得られたポリエステル樹脂組成物(2)~(4)のそれぞれを、熱プレスにより、厚み150~200μmのシート状に成形し、試験片(50mm×50mm)を作製した。熱プレス温度は、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(2)及び(3)では210℃、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(4)では260℃とした。
また、ポリエステル樹脂組成物(2)~(4)の調製において、ポリカルボジイミド化合物を添加せずに、それ以外は同様の操作を行うことにより得られた各ポリエステル樹脂組成物を用いて、前記試験片と同様にして、各ブランク試験片を作製した。
前記ヘーズは、値が小さいほど、光の散乱が小さく、試験片の透光性が良好である。ポリエステル樹脂組成物(2)~(4)のそれぞれにおける2種の樹脂の相溶性が良好である場合、前記試験片の透過性が良好であり、ヘーズ値が小さくなる。このため、ヘーズ値を相溶性の指標として用いた。
ブランク試験片のヘーズ値(基準値)から試験片のヘーズ値を引いた差(ΔH)が大きいほど、添加されたポリカルボジイミド化合物の相溶剤として効果が優れていると言える。
下記表1においては、前記ΔHが10%以上の場合をA、5%以上10%未満の場合をB、5%未満の場合をCとして評価結果を示す。
また、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物を用いたポリエステル樹脂組成物(1)は、耐加水分解性も良好な結果であり、かつ、加工性にも優れており、該ポリカルボジイミド化合物はポリエステル樹脂改質剤として良好な効果を奏するものであることが認められた。
また、前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物は、ポリエステル樹脂組成物中の樹脂同士の相溶性を向上させることができ、ポリエステル樹脂の相溶化剤として良好な効果を奏することも認められた。
Claims (11)
- 下記一般式(1)で表され、
RmNH2-m-CO-NH-Z-(N=C=N-Z)n-NH-CO-NH2-mRm
(1)
前記Rmは、RmNH3-mで表される、1気圧における沸点が150℃以下のアミン化合物の炭化水素残基であり、
前記mは1又は2であり、
前記Zは、脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物から2個のイソシアネート基を除いた残基であり、
前記nは2~7のいずれかの整数である、ポリカルボジイミド化合物。 - 前記アミン化合物の1気圧における沸点が80~150℃である、請求項1に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
- 前記アミン化合物が、シクロヘキシルアミン及びジイソプロピルアミンから選ばれる1種以上である、請求項1又は2に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
- 前記脂肪族ジイソシアネート化合物が、ジシクロヘキシルメタン-4,4’-ジイソシアネート、イソホロンジイソシアネート及びテトラメチルキシリレンジイソシアネートから選ばれる1種以上である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
- 前記nが、3~6のいずれかの整数である、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物を含む、ポリエステル樹脂改質剤。
- ポリエステル樹脂の相溶化剤である、請求項6に記載のポリエステル樹脂改質剤。
- 前記相溶化剤が、ポリエステル樹脂(A)を、ポリエステル樹脂(B)と相溶化させる相溶化剤であり、前記ポリエステル樹脂(A)及び前記ポリエステル樹脂(B)のFedors法により求められる溶解パラメータの差が0.20(cal/cm3)1/2以上である、請求項7に記載のポリエステル樹脂改質剤。
- 前記相溶化剤が、ポリエステル樹脂をポリアミド樹脂と相溶化させる相溶化剤である、請求項7に記載のポリエステル樹脂改質剤。
- 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のポリカルボジイミド化合物、及びポリエステル樹脂を含む、ポリエステル樹脂組成物。
- 前記ポリカルボジイミド化合物の含有量が、前記ポリエステル樹脂の合計100質量部に対して0.2~5.0質量部である、請求項10に記載のポリエステル樹脂組成物。
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| JP2020553872A JP7394780B2 (ja) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | ポリカルボジイミド化合物、並びに、これを用いたポリエステル樹脂組成物及びポリエステル樹脂改質剤 |
| US17/288,763 US20210395486A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | Polycarbodiimide compound, and polyester resin composition and polyester resin modifier in which same is used |
| ES19878137T ES3004611T3 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | Polycarbodiimide compound, and polyester resin composition and polyester resin modifier in which same is used |
| CN201980069808.6A CN112955428A (zh) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | 聚碳化二亚胺化合物、以及使用其的聚酯树脂组合物和聚酯树脂改性剂 |
| KR1020217012508A KR102834191B1 (ko) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | 폴리카르보디이미드 화합물, 및, 이것을 이용한 폴리에스테르 수지 조성물 및 폴리에스테르 수지 개질제 |
| CA3117110A CA3117110A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | Polycarbodiimide compound, and polyester resin composition and polyester resin modifier in which same is used |
| EP19878137.9A EP3875448B1 (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2019-10-28 | Polycarbodiimide compound, and polyester resin composition and polyester resin modifier in which same is used |
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| JP2021066845A (ja) * | 2019-10-28 | 2021-04-30 | 日清紡ケミカル株式会社 | 相溶化剤及びポリエステル樹脂組成物 |
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| ES3004611T3 (en) | 2025-03-12 |
| EP3875448A4 (en) | 2022-07-20 |
| TW202024161A (zh) | 2020-07-01 |
| EP3875448B1 (en) | 2024-12-25 |
| CN112955428A (zh) | 2021-06-11 |
| JP7394780B2 (ja) | 2023-12-08 |
| KR20210084470A (ko) | 2021-07-07 |
| US20210395486A1 (en) | 2021-12-23 |
| PT3875448T (pt) | 2025-01-22 |
| JPWO2020090702A1 (ja) | 2021-09-16 |
| TWI841617B (zh) | 2024-05-11 |
| EP3875448A1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
| CA3117110A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
| KR102834191B1 (ko) | 2025-07-16 |
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