WO2020133803A1 - 一种电池箱 - Google Patents

一种电池箱 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133803A1
WO2020133803A1 PCT/CN2019/082653 CN2019082653W WO2020133803A1 WO 2020133803 A1 WO2020133803 A1 WO 2020133803A1 CN 2019082653 W CN2019082653 W CN 2019082653W WO 2020133803 A1 WO2020133803 A1 WO 2020133803A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
explosion
proof
battery
battery box
top plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/082653
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜利文
黄海华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP19904326.6A priority Critical patent/EP3886200B1/en
Priority to US17/418,765 priority patent/US12155085B2/en
Publication of WO2020133803A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133803A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/35—Gas exhaust passages comprising elongated, tortuous or labyrinth-shaped exhaust passages
    • H01M50/367—Internal gas exhaust passages forming part of the battery cover or case; Double cover vent systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/658—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by thermal insulation or shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
    • H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
    • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to a battery box.
  • the safety performance of electric vehicles has always been the most concerned issue in the industry.
  • the battery pack of electric vehicles is installed between the floor of the car and the passenger compartment. When an accident occurs in an electric vehicle, it is strongly impacted, or the battery is heated by external heat, electricity and other factors. After the impact, the battery pack installed in the electric vehicle will experience thermal runaway.
  • the current approach to the thermal runaway phenomenon of batteries is to use high temperature resistant materials to make the upper cover of the battery box, so as to prevent the high temperature gas from melting the upper cover after the battery pack is out of control and spraying the passenger compartment of the car. Personnel cause personal injury or even cause casualties.
  • the use of high temperature resistant materials to make the upper cover of the battery box will not only increase the production cost of the battery pack, but also increase the overall weight of the battery pack.
  • the process of battery thermal runaway is often accompanied by a chemical reaction.
  • the gas generated in the battery causes the internal pressure of the battery pack to increase sharply, and the explosion-proof valve provided on the battery pack cannot quickly open the valve.
  • the heat in the battery gradually increases, which triggers the rest
  • the battery is thermally out of control, so the design of the explosion-proof valve not only increases the production cost and overall weight of the battery pack, but also does not release the pressure in the battery in time.
  • a battery box including:
  • the upper cover includes an upper cover body and an explosion-proof exhaust structure.
  • the upper cover body includes an upper top plate and a side plate on the side, and a lower portion has an opening.
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure is provided on the side plate, and the There is an exhaust channel between the top plate and the explosion-proof exhaust structure;
  • the upper cover is arranged above the lower case, and batteries are arranged in the lower case, and explosion-proof valves are arranged on the batteries.
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure is an explosion-proof valve
  • an explosion-proof valve installation hole is opened in the side plate
  • the explosion-proof valve is installed in the explosion-proof valve installation hole.
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure is a pressure relief groove, and the pressure relief groove is a weak area that does not penetrate the side plate.
  • the battery box further includes two or more opposite vertical plates located on the lower surface of the top plate and extending downward from the lower surface of the top plate, and the lower opening space formed by the vertical plate and the lower surface of the top plate is an exhaust passage,
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure is provided at the end of the exhaust channel.
  • the battery box further includes two or more oppositely arranged vertical plates located on the lower surface of the top plate and extending downward from the lower surface of the top plate, and a channel top plate, the channel top plate is disposed below the top plate and is in contact with the vertical plate
  • the lower opening space formed by the vertical plate and the lower surface of the channel top plate is an exhaust channel
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure is provided at the end of the exhaust channel.
  • both ends of the exhaust channel are correspondingly provided with explosion-proof exhaust structures.
  • the lower opening of the exhaust passage corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof valve of the battery.
  • a sealing ring is provided between the upper cover structure and the lower box.
  • thermal insulation cushion is a ring-shaped structure
  • the thermal insulation cushion is arranged on the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve of the battery
  • the lower end surface of the thermal insulation cushion is close to the top of the battery
  • the upper end surface of the thermal insulation cushion is attached to the edge of the lower opening of the exhaust passage.
  • thermal insulation cushion is provided on the outer periphery of the battery explosion-proof valves.
  • the above technical solution has the following advantages: the exhaust structure of the upper cover of the battery box is provided on the side plate, and the explosion-proof exhaust structure provided on the side plate will rapidly increase the heat after the battery in the battery box is out of control.
  • the discharge from the side effectively reduces the potential safety hazards caused by the hot gas discharge at the upper end of the battery box to the passenger compartment, and the battery box structure can be improved on the original upper cover structure, which has the advantages of low cost and significant effect.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the overall structure of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of a battery box according to an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a battery installed in a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover body of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an explosion structure of an upper cover body of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • connection refers to two or more; the terms “connection”, “fixation”, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “connection” may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a whole Ground connection, or electrical connection; either directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a whole Ground connection, or electrical connection; either directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • this embodiment provides a battery box, including: an upper cover 1 and a lower case 2, the upper cover 1 includes an upper cover body and an explosion-proof exhaust structure 3, an explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is a structure that discharges the hot air inside the box.
  • the upper cover body includes an upper top plate 11 and a lateral side plate 12, and the lower part has an opening.
  • the side plate 12 may be an integrally formed structure, or may be formed by a plurality of side plates 12, and the upper top plate 11 The cover is arranged at the upper opening of the side plate structure.
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is disposed on the side plate 12, and there is an exhaust passage 4 between the top plate 11 and the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3, and the hot gas is only output from the exhaust passage 4 to the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 When excretion is performed, the hot air will not be expelled upward from the top plate 11 and threaten the personal safety of passengers in the passenger compartment.
  • the upper cover 1 is disposed above the lower case 2, and batteries 5 are arranged in the lower case 2, and the battery 5 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 51.
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is an explosion-proof valve 51, an explosion-proof valve installation hole is opened on the side plate 12, and the explosion-proof valve 51 is installed in the explosion-proof valve installation hole.
  • the diameter of the explosion-proof installation hole matches the outer diameter of the explosion-proof valve 51.
  • the explosion-proof valve 51 and the explosion-proof valve installation hole are tightly connected by a seal.
  • the seal can be a seal ring or other sealing structure.
  • the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is a pressure relief groove
  • the pressure relief groove is a weak area that does not penetrate the side plate 12.
  • the structure of the pressure relief groove means that the thickness of the side plate 12 at the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is thinner than the thickness of other parts of the side plate 12, so that the battery box can still be realized at the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 under normal use According to the sealing requirements, when the battery 5 in the battery box is thermally out of control, the exhaust passage 4 squeezes through the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3, and the hot gas in the battery box is discharged.
  • the specific shape of the pressure relief groove is: a groove-shaped structure opened on the side plate 12, the number of the groove-shaped structure is one, and the shape of the groove-shaped structure may be circular, elliptical, triangular, quadrangular, elongated, Letter-shaped or any other shape that can be processed; the groove-shaped structure can also include more than two groove-shaped structural units, and the shape of the groove-shaped structural unit can be round, oval, triangular, quadrilateral, elongated, letter-shaped or Any other shape that can be processed, the groove structure is formed by a regular array of groove structure units, the greater the density of the groove structure units, the less difficult the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is to be broken, the smaller the density of the groove structure units, the explosion-proof The more difficult the exhaust structure 3 is to break through.
  • the depth of the above groove-like structure also determines the difficulty of exhausting the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3. The deeper the groove-like structure, the less difficult it is to break the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3, and the shallower the depth of the groove-like structure, the explosion-proof The more difficult the exhaust structure 3 is to break through.
  • the battery box further includes two or more oppositely disposed vertical plates 41 located on the lower surface of the top plate and extending downward from the lower surface of the top plate, the vertical plates 41 and the bottom plate
  • the lower opening space formed by the surface is the exhaust passage 4, and the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is provided at the end of the exhaust passage 4.
  • the shape and size of the two vertical plates 41 are the same.
  • the lower surfaces of the two vertical plates 41 that are opposite to each other are flush with each other, and the two end surfaces of the two vertical plates 41 are also flush.
  • the exhaust channel 4 formed by the vertical plates 41 and the lower surface of the top plate Has a U-shaped structure, two ends of the exhaust passage 4 are connected to the opposite side plate 12, and the end of the exhaust passage 4 corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 provided on the side plate 12.
  • the top plate 11 is made of a material with a temperature withstand value greater than 1000°C and an impact withstand value greater than 100 MPa.
  • the battery box further includes two or more oppositely disposed vertical plates 41 located on the lower surface of the top plate and extending downward from the lower surface of the top plate, and a channel top plate 42, the channel The top plate 42 is disposed below the top plate 11 and is connected to the vertical plate 41.
  • the space formed by the lower surface of the vertical plate 41 and the lower surface of the channel top plate 42 is an exhaust passage 4, and the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 is provided in The end of the exhaust channel 4.
  • the shapes and sizes of the two vertical plates 41 are the same, the lower surfaces of the two vertical plates 41 opposite to each other are flush with each other, and the two end surfaces of the two vertical plates 41 are also flush with each other.
  • the exhaust plate 4 formed by the vertical plate 41 and the channel top plate 42 Has a U-shaped structure, two ends of the exhaust passage 4 are connected to the opposite side plate 12, and the end of the exhaust passage 4 corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 provided on the side plate 12.
  • the channel roof 42 is made of a material with a temperature withstand value greater than 1000°C and an impact withstand value greater than 100 MPa.
  • both ends of the exhaust passage 4 are correspondingly provided with explosion-proof exhaust structures 3. That is, after the hot air in the battery box enters the exhaust passage 4, it can be discharged from the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 at both ends of the exhaust passage 4, which accelerates the hot gas discharge speed in the box and improves the safety of the battery box.
  • the number of the exhaust channels 4 is more than two.
  • the number of exhaust passages 4 corresponds to it, thereby achieving the shortest path of hot gas discharge.
  • the lower opening of the exhaust passage 4 corresponds to the position of the explosion-proof valve 51 of the battery 5.
  • the beneficial effect is that the shortest path of the hot gas of the battery 5 can be discharged. After the battery 5 thermally loses control, the hot gas is discharged from the explosion-proof valve 51 of the battery 5 and directly enters the exhaust passage 4, and then the exhaust passage 4 passes through the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 discharge.
  • the shortest hot gas discharge path can enable the hot gas released by the battery 5 to be discharged at the fastest speed, which effectively improves the safety performance of the battery box.
  • a sealing ring 6 is provided between the upper cover structure and the lower case 2.
  • the structure of the sealing ring 6 provided between the upper cover structure and the lower case 2 can realize the sealed connection between the upper cover structure and the lower case 2.
  • the battery box further includes a heat-insulating cushion 7.
  • the heat-insulating cushion 7 is an annular structure.
  • the heat-insulating cushion 7 is disposed on the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve 51 of the battery 5.
  • the lower end surface of the thermal buffer pad 7 is closely attached to the top cover plate of the battery 5, and the upper end surface of the thermal insulation cushion pad 7 is attached to the lower opening edge of the exhaust passage 4.
  • the position of the explosion-proof valve 51 of the battery 5 is set within the inner ring surface of the heat-insulating cushion 7.
  • the heat-insulating cushion 7 provides a directional sealing function for the hot gas of the battery 5.
  • the hot gas discharged from the battery 5 passes through the heat-insulating cushion 7
  • the channel formed by the torus enters the lower opening of the exhaust channel 4, and then is discharged from the exhaust channel 4 to the explosion-proof exhaust structure 3 provided on the side plate 12 to achieve drainage.
  • the thermal insulation cushion 7 is made of a ductile material. The upper end surface of the heat insulation cushion 7 is tightly attached to the lower opening edge of the exhaust passage 4, and the lower end surface of the heat insulation cushion 7 is closely attached to the top cover plate of the battery 5.
  • the thermal insulation cushion 7 is disposed on the outer periphery of the explosion-proof valve 51 of the plurality of batteries 5.
  • the batteries 5 in the battery box are arranged in a row, and the heat insulation cushion 7 can set the explosion-proof valve 51 of the entire row of batteries 5 within the inner ring surface of the heat insulation cushion 7, any one of the batteries 5 in the row
  • the explosion-proof valve 51 is exhausted upward, the directional discharge of hot gas can be achieved through the same thermal insulation cushion 7.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及了一种电池箱，包括：上盖(1)，所述上盖(1)包括上盖本体以及防爆排气结构(3)，所述上盖本体包括上部的顶板(11)与侧面的侧板(12)，且下部具有开口，所述防爆排气结构(3)设置于所述侧板(12)上，且所述顶板(11)与防爆排气结构(3)之间具有排气通道；下箱体(2)，所述上盖(1)盖设于所述下箱体(2)的上方，所述下箱体(2)内排列放置有电池(5)，所述电池(5)上设置有防爆阀(51)。将电池箱上盖(1)的排气结构(3)设置于侧板(12)上，通过侧板(12)上设置的防爆排气结构(3)将电池箱内电池热失控后急剧增多的热气从侧边排放，有效降低了电池箱上端热气排放对乘客舱可能造成的安全隐患，且该电池箱结构可在原有的上盖结构上进行改进，具有改进成本低且效果显著的优点。

Description

一种电池箱
交叉引用
本申请引用于2018年12月27日递交的名称为“一种电池箱”的第201822224536.8号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池箱。
背景技术
电动汽车的安全性能一直是行业内最为关注的问题，电动汽车的电池包安装于汽车地板与乘客舱之间，在电动汽车发生事故受到强烈撞击、或者电池受外界热、电等因素剧烈变化的影响后，安装于电动汽车内的电池包则会发生热失控现象。
目前针对电池发生的热失控现象的做法是：采用高耐温材料来制成电池箱上盖，从而避免电池包热失控后高温气体融化上盖，喷向车内乘客舱，对乘客舱内的人员造成人身伤害，甚至造成人员伤亡，利用高耐温材料来制成电池箱上盖不仅会增加电池包的生产成本，还会增大电池包的整体重量。在电池热失控的过程中往往伴随着化学反应，电池内产气使得电池包内部压力急剧增大，而电池包上设置的防爆阀并不能迅速开阀，电池内热量逐渐升高，从而引发其余电池发生热失控，因此防爆阀的设计不仅增加了电池包的生产成本和整体重量，且并不能及时排泄电池内的压力。
发明内容
为此，需要提供一种电池箱，来解决电池箱排泄热气困难的问题。
为实现上述目的，发明人提供了一种电池箱，包括：
上盖，
所述上盖包括上盖本体以及防爆排气结构，所述上盖本体包括上部的顶板与侧面的侧板，且下部具有开口，所述防爆排气结构设置于所述侧板上，且所述顶板与防爆排气结构之间具有排气通道；
下箱体，
所述上盖盖设于所述下箱体的上方，所述下箱体内排列放置有电池，所述电池上设置有防爆阀。
进一步地，所述防爆排气结构为防爆阀，所述侧板上开设有防爆阀安装孔，所述防爆阀安装于防爆阀安装孔中。
进一步地，所述防爆排气结构为泄压槽，所述泄压槽为不贯穿所述侧板的薄弱区域。
进一步地，所述电池箱还包括位于顶板下表面且自顶板下表面向下延伸的两个以上相对设置的竖板，所述竖板以及顶板下表面构成的下部开口的空间为排气通道，所述防爆排气结构设置于排气通道的端部。
进一步地，所述电池箱还包括位于顶板下表面且自顶板下表面向下延伸的两个以上相对设置的竖板，以及通道顶板，所述通道顶板设置于顶板的下方且与所述竖板相连接，所述竖板以及通道顶板下表面构成的下部开口的空间为排气通道，所述防爆排气结构设置于排气通道的端部。
进一步地，所述排气通道的两端均对应设置有防爆排气结构。
进一步地，所述排气通道下部开口对应电池的防爆阀位置。
进一步地，所述上盖结构与下箱体之间设置有密封圈。
进一步地，还包括隔热缓冲垫，所述隔热缓冲垫为环形结构，所述隔热缓冲垫设置于电池的防爆阀的外周，所述隔热缓冲垫的下端面贴紧于电池 的顶盖板，所述隔热缓冲垫的上端面贴合于排气通道的下部开口边缘处。
进一步地，所述隔热缓冲垫设置于多个电池防爆阀的外周。
区别于现有技术，上述技术方案具有如下优点：将电池箱上盖的排气结构设置于侧板上，通过侧板上设置的防爆排气结构将电池箱内电池热失控后急剧增多的热气从侧边排放，有效降低了电池箱上端热气排放对乘客舱可能造成的安全隐患，且该电池箱结构可在原有的上盖结构上进行改进，具有改进成本低且效果显著的优点。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例一种电池箱的整体结构爆炸图；
图2为本申请实施例一种电池箱的整体结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例一种电池箱的侧视图；
图4为本申请实施例电池安装于电池箱中的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例一种电池箱的上盖本体的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例一种电池箱的上盖本体的爆炸结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1、上盖；
11、顶板；
12、侧板；
2、下箱体；
3、防爆排气结构；
4、排气通道；
41、竖板；
42、通道顶板；
5、电池；
51、防爆阀；
6、密封圈；
7、隔热缓冲垫。
具体实施例
为详细说明技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果，以下结合具体实施例并配合附图详予说明。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”、仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；除非另有规定或说明，术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上；术语“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本说明书的描述中，需要理解的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。
请参阅图1至图4所示，本实施例提供一种电池箱，包括：上盖1与下箱体2，所述上盖1包括上盖本体以及防爆排气结构3，防爆排气结构3是将箱体内的热气向外排放的结构。
所述上盖本体包括上部的顶板11与侧面的侧板12，且下部具有开口，侧板12可以是一体成型的结构，也可以是由多个侧板12围合而成，上部的顶板11盖设于侧板结构的上端开口处。
所述防爆排气结构3设置于所述侧板12上，且所述顶板11与防爆排气结构3之间具有排气通道4，热气仅从排气通道4输出到防爆排气结构3处进行排泄，热气不会从顶板11上向上排泄而威胁乘客舱乘客的人身安全。
所述上盖1盖设于所述下箱体2的上方，所述下箱体2内排列放置有电池5，所述电池5上设置有防爆阀51。
当下箱体2中的电池5发生热失控后，电池5内的压力急剧增大，电池5上的防爆阀51被顶开，电池5内的压力从电池顶盖上释放，电池5内的压力从排气通道4输送到侧面上开设的防爆排气结构3并从该结构处排泄。
在某些实施例中，所述防爆排气结构3为防爆阀51，所述侧板12上开设有防爆阀安装孔，所述防爆阀51安装于防爆阀安装孔中。防爆安装孔的孔径与防爆阀51的外径相适配，防爆阀51与防爆阀安装孔之间通过密封件紧密连接，密封件可以是密封圈或者其他密封结构，当排气通道4将电池5内释放的热气排泄至防爆排气结构3时，排气通道4内急剧升高的压力迫使防爆阀51打开，从而向外排泄压力，此过程中，防爆阀51与防爆阀安装孔之间的位置相对固定。
在某些实施例中，所述防爆排气结构3为泄压槽，所述泄压槽为不贯穿所述侧板12的薄弱区域。泄压槽的结构是指该防爆排气结构3处的侧板12厚度相对于侧板12其他部位的厚度薄，从而使得在正常使用状态下，该防爆排气结构3处仍然能够实现电池箱的密封要求，在电池箱内的电池5发生热失控时，排气通道4憋压冲破防爆排气结构3，实现电池箱内的热气排放。
泄压槽的具体形状为：侧板12上开设的槽状结构，该槽状结构的个数为一个，该槽状结构的形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、三角形、四边形、长条形、字母形或者其他可加工的任意形状；槽状结构还可以包括两个以上的槽状结构单元，槽状结构单元的形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、三角形、四边形、长条形、字母形或者其他可加工的任意形状，槽状结构由槽状结构单元规则阵列形成，槽状结构单元的密度越大，防爆排气结构3被冲破的难度越小，槽状结构单元的密度越小，防爆排气结构3被冲破的难度越大。当然，上述槽状结构的深度也决定着防爆排气结构3的排气难度，槽状结构的深度越深，防爆排气结构3被冲破的难度越小，槽状结构的深度越浅，防爆排气结构3被 冲破的难度越大。
如图5所示，在某些实施例中，所述电池箱还包括位于顶板下表面且自顶板下表面向下延伸的两个以上相对设置的竖板41，所述竖板41以及顶板下表面构成的下部开口的空间为排气通道4，所述防爆排气结构3设置于排气通道4的端部。两个竖板41的形状与大小相同，相对设置的两个竖板41下端面相平齐、两个竖板41的两端面也分别平齐，竖板41以及顶板下表面构成的排气通道4的截面为U字形结构，排气通道4的两端接设于相对的侧板12上，且排气通道4的端部与侧板12上设置的防爆排气结构3的位置相对应。优选地，所述顶板11采用温度承受值大于1000℃、耐冲击承受值大于100MPa的材料制成。
如图6所示，在某些实施例中，所述电池箱还包括位于顶板下表面且自顶板下表面向下延伸的两个以上相对设置的竖板41，以及通道顶板42，所述通道顶板42设置于顶板11的下方且与所述竖板41相连接，所述竖板41以及通道顶板42下表面构成的下部开口的空间为排气通道4，所述防爆排气结构3设置于排气通道4的端部。两个竖板41的形状与大小相同，相对设置的两个竖板41下端面相平齐、两个竖板41的两端面也分别平齐，竖板41以及通道顶板42构成的排气通道4的截面为U字形结构，排气通道4的两端接设于相对的侧板12上，且排气通道4的端部与侧板12上设置的防爆排气结构3的位置相对应。优选地，所述通道顶板42采用温度承受值大于1000℃、耐冲击承受值大于100MPa的材料制成。
在某些实施例中，所述排气通道4的两端均对应设置有防爆排气结构3。即电池箱内的热气进入排气通道4内后，可以从排气通道4两端的防爆排气结构3排出，加快了箱体内的热气排放速度，提高了该电池箱的使用安全性。
在某些实施例中，所述排气通道4的个数为两个以上。电池箱内的电池5列数为两列以上时，排气通道4的个数与之相对应，从而实现最短路径的热气排放，每列电池5中的任意电池5的防爆阀51打开后，热气直接进入 其正上方的排气通道4内，排气通道4内的热气直接从排气通道4端部的防爆排气结构3排放。
在某些实施例中，所述排气通道4下部开口对应电池5的防爆阀51位置。其有益效果在于：能够实现电池5热气的最短路径排放，电池5发生热失控后，热气从电池5的防爆阀51处排泄直接进入排气通道4，再由排气通道4通过防爆排气结构3排出。热气排放路径的最短化能够使电池5释放的热气以最快的速度排放，有效提高了该电池箱的使用安全性能。
在某些实施例中，所述上盖结构与下箱体2之间设置有密封圈6。设置于上盖结构与下箱体2之间的密封圈6结构能够实现上盖结构与下箱体2之间的密封连接。
在某些实施例中，该电池箱还包括隔热缓冲垫7，所述隔热缓冲垫7为环形结构，所述隔热缓冲垫7设置于电池5的防爆阀51的外周，所述隔热缓冲垫7的下端面贴紧于电池5的顶盖板，所述隔热缓冲垫7的上端面贴合于排气通道4的下部开口边缘处。电池5的防爆阀51位置设置在隔热缓冲垫7的内环面以内，隔热缓冲垫7为电池5的热气提供定向密封的作用，电池5内排泄出的热气经过隔热缓冲垫7内环面所形成的通道进入排气通道4的下部开口，再由排气通道4排送到侧板12上设置的防爆排气结构3处实现排泄，隔热缓冲垫7为韧性材料制成，隔热缓冲垫7的上端面与排气通道4的下部开口边缘处实现紧密贴合，隔热缓冲垫7的下端面与电池5的顶盖板之间实现紧密贴合。
在某些实施例中，所述隔热缓冲垫7设置于多个电池5的防爆阀51的外周。电池箱内的电池5成排排列设置，隔热缓冲垫7可将整列的电池5的防爆阀51设置于隔热缓冲垫7的内环面之内，该列电池5的任意一个电池5的防爆阀51向上排气时，均可通过同一个隔热缓冲垫7实现热气的定向排放。
需要说明的是，尽管在本文中已经对上述各实施例进行了描述，但并非因此限制本申请的专利保护范围。因此，基于本申请的创新理念，对本文 所述实施例进行的变更和修改，或利用本申请说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，直接或间接地将以上技术方案运用在其他相关的技术领域，均包括在本申请的专利保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池箱，包括：
    上盖，
    所述上盖包括上盖本体以及防爆排气结构，所述上盖本体包括上部的顶板与侧面的侧板，且下部具有开口，所述防爆排气结构设置于所述侧板上，且所述顶板与防爆排气结构之间具有排气通道；
    下箱体，
    所述上盖盖设于所述下箱体的上方，所述下箱体内排列放置有电池，所述电池上设置有防爆阀。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池箱，其中，所述防爆排气结构为防爆阀，所述侧板上开设有防爆阀安装孔，所述防爆阀安装于防爆阀安装孔中。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池箱，其中，所述防爆排气结构为泄压槽，所述泄压槽为不贯穿所述侧板的薄弱区域。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任意一项所述的电池箱，其中，所述电池箱还包括位于顶板下表面且自顶板下表面向下延伸的两个以上相对设置的竖板，所述竖板以及顶板下表面构成的下部开口的空间为排气通道，所述防爆排气结构设置于排气通道的端部。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任意一项所述的电池箱，其中，所述电池箱还包括位于顶板下表面且自顶板下表面向下延伸的两个以上相对设置的竖板，以及通道顶板，所述通道顶板设置于顶板的下方且与所述竖板相连接，所述竖板以及通道顶板下表面构成的下部开口的空间为排气通道，所述防爆排气结构设置于排气通道的端部。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任意一项所述的电池箱，其中，所述排气通道的两端均对应设置有防爆排气结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6任意一项所述的电池箱，其中，所述排气通道下 部开口对应电池的防爆阀位置。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7任意一项所述的电池箱，其中，所述上盖结构与下箱体之间设置有密封圈。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8任意一项所述的电池箱，其中，还包括隔热缓冲垫，所述隔热缓冲垫为环形结构，所述隔热缓冲垫设置于电池的防爆阀的外周，所述隔热缓冲垫的下端面贴紧于电池的顶盖板，所述隔热缓冲垫的上端面贴合于排气通道的下部开口边缘处。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任意一项所述的电池箱，其中，所述隔热缓冲垫设置于多个电池防爆阀的外周。
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US12155085B2 (en) 2024-11-26

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