WO2020134192A1 - 一种受话器 - Google Patents

一种受话器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020134192A1
WO2020134192A1 PCT/CN2019/105674 CN2019105674W WO2020134192A1 WO 2020134192 A1 WO2020134192 A1 WO 2020134192A1 CN 2019105674 W CN2019105674 W CN 2019105674W WO 2020134192 A1 WO2020134192 A1 WO 2020134192A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnetic field
vibration plate
cavity
fixed
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/105674
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
文剑光
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201811588488.9A external-priority patent/CN111372174B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910222229.2A external-priority patent/CN111726715A/zh
Application filed by Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd
Priority to DK19902162.7T priority Critical patent/DK3893519T3/da
Priority to EP19902162.7A priority patent/EP3893519B1/en
Priority to US17/417,395 priority patent/US11617049B2/en
Publication of WO2020134192A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134192A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R11/00—Transducers of moving-armature or moving-core type
    • H04R11/02—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/006—Interconnection of transducer parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R13/00—Transducers having an acoustic diaphragm of magnetisable material directly co-acting with electromagnet
    • H04R13/02—Telephone receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R31/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor
    • H04R31/003—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of transducers or diaphragms therefor for diaphragms or their outer suspension
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/10—Telephone receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electroacoustic conversion, and particularly relates to a receiver.
  • the receiver is also called the earpiece. It is an electroacoustic device that converts audio electrical signals into sound signals without sound leakage. It is widely used in communication terminal devices such as mobile phones, fixed phones, and hearing aids to achieve audio output.
  • FIG. 1 is a receiver in the prior art, which includes a housing 110, a diaphragm 120 and an electromagnetic driving mechanism.
  • the diaphragm 120 is disposed in the housing 110 and divides the inner cavity of the housing into The front cavity and the rear cavity, the electromagnetic drive mechanism is fixed in the rear cavity.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes a driving rod 130, a reed (or armature) 140, two permanent magnets 150, and a coil 160, wherein one end of the reed 140 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the housing 110, and the other end passes through the driving rod 130 is connected to the diaphragm 120; the coil 160 is sleeved on the reed 140 and is close to the U-shaped arc transition portion of the reed 140.
  • Two permanent magnets 150 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the end of the reed 140 near the driving rod 130 and It is fixed on the inner wall surface of the housing 110.
  • the spring 140 and the diaphragm 120 need to be connected by a driving rod 130 (or driving board).
  • the design of the driving rod 130 (or driving board) is very difficult to assemble, the assembly efficiency is low, and it is difficult to achieve Automated production requires high skills of employees, unstable process, and control of assembly quality will affect the reliability of products, high rework rate and even scrap, which is not conducive to reducing manufacturing costs.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a receiver that reduces the connection between moving parts, thereby simplifying the assembly process and reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the present invention provides a receiver, which includes: a housing having a hollow inner cavity; a diaphragm mechanism disposed in the hollow inner cavity to divide the hollow inner cavity into a first cavity Body and a second cavity, the diaphragm mechanism includes a vibration plate, the vibration plate includes a free end and a fixed end, the free end of the vibration plate is suspended in the hollow cavity; an electromagnetic drive mechanism is provided In the hollow inner cavity, it includes at least one coil component and at least one magnetic field component, wherein each magnetic field component is disposed in the first cavity or the second cavity, and the magnetic field component is close to the free end of the vibration plate Each coil assembly is provided in the first cavity or the second cavity, and the coil assembly is close to the fixed end of the vibration plate.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes a coil component and at least one magnetic field component, wherein each magnetic field component is disposed in the first cavity or the second cavity, and the magnetic field component is near the free end of the vibration plate; the coil component is disposed In the second cavity, the coil assembly is close to the fixed end of the vibration plate and serves as a support for the vibration plate.
  • the housing includes a first shell formed by a first bottom surface and a side wall, and a second shell formed by a second bottom surface and a side wall, and the first shell and the second shell are interlocked with each other Forming the hollow cavity; the diaphragm mechanism divides the hollow cavity into a first cavity near the first bottom surface and a second cavity near the second bottom surface.
  • the diaphragm mechanism further includes a fixed frame and a sounding membrane, the fixed frame is fixed on the side wall of the housing, and has an inner cavity penetrating the thickness direction of the fixed frame; the fixing of the diaphragm The end is fixed to the inner side of the fixed frame, the free end of the fixed frame is suspended from the fixed frame, a reserved gap is formed between the free end of the vibrating plate and the fixed frame; the sounding film is attached to the fixed frame On one side surface, and at least seal the reserved gap.
  • the pronunciation film is provided with a protrusion at a position corresponding to the reserved gap;
  • the fixing frame is made of non-magnetically conductive material; and both the first shell and the second shell are made of magnetically conductive material.
  • first coil component disposed in the second cavity and close to the fixed end of the vibration plate; a first magnetic field component disposed in the second cavity and close to the free end of the vibration plate; A second magnetic field assembly near the free end of the vibration plate.
  • the vibrating plate of the present invention is made of a magnetically conductive material, and the fixed end of the vibrating plate is connected to or adjacent to the coil assembly, so that the AC magnetic field generated when the coil is energized enters the vibrating plate and is in contact with the DC magnetic field
  • the action generates a driving force to drive the vibration plate to generate vibration and sound, without the need for additional drive rods and reeds, thereby reducing the connection between moving parts, simplifying the assembly process, and reducing manufacturing costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receiver in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of the diaphragm mechanism in FIG. 2 in an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic view of the receiver shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a receiver in a second embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded schematic view of the receiver shown in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a receiver in a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded schematic view of the receiver shown in FIG. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a receiver in a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is an exploded schematic view of the receiver shown in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a receiver in a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is an exploded schematic view of the receiver shown in FIG. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a first longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the receiver in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a second longitudinal cross-sectional schematic diagram of the receiver in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is an exploded view of the receiver shown in FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • FIG. 15 is an exploded view of the receiver shown in FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • one embodiment or “embodiment” referred to herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that can be included in at least one implementation of the present invention.
  • the appearances of "in one embodiment” in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selective embodiments mutually exclusive with other embodiments.
  • the words "connected, connected, and connected” in this text indicate electrical connection, which means direct or indirect electrical connection.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receiver in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver shown in FIG. 2 includes: a housing 210, a diaphragm mechanism 230, and an electromagnetic drive mechanism (not marked).
  • the housing 210 has a hollow inner cavity 220.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 is disposed in the hollow cavity 220 and divides the hollow cavity 220 into a first cavity 222 and a second cavity 224.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 includes a vibration plate 232.
  • the fixed end of the vibration plate 232 is fixed on the inner wall of the housing 210.
  • the free end of the vibration plate 232 is suspended in the hollow inner cavity 220.
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism is disposed in the hollow cavity 220.
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism includes at least one coil assembly 242 and at least one magnetic field assembly 244, 246.
  • the magnetic field components 246, 244 are disposed in the first cavity 222 or the second cavity 224, and the magnetic field components 244, 246 are near the free end of the vibration plate 232;
  • the coil component 242 is disposed in the first cavity In the body 222 or the second cavity 224, and the coil assembly 242 is close to the fixed end of the vibration plate 232.
  • the housing 210 includes a first housing 212 surrounded by a first bottom surface and side walls, and a second housing 214 surrounded by a second bottom surface and side walls.
  • a housing 212 and a second housing 214 are interlocked to form the hollow inner cavity 220.
  • the first housing 212 and the second housing 214 are fixedly connected by adhesive or electric welding.
  • both the first housing 212 and the second housing 214 are made of magnetically conductive material.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 is disposed in the first housing 212, which divides the hollow inner cavity 220 into a first cavity 222 close to the first bottom surface and close to The second cavity 224 on the second bottom surface.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic view of the diaphragm mechanism in FIG. 2 in one embodiment.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 includes a diaphragm 232, a fixed frame 234 and a sounding diaphragm 236.
  • the fixing frame 234 is fixed to the inner side surface of the side wall of the first housing 212, and has an inner cavity 2342 penetrating through the fixing frame 234 in the thickness direction.
  • the fixing frame 234 is made of non-magnetic material, which may be stainless steel, aluminum, or other non-magnetic metal or non-metallic materials.
  • the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232 is fixed to the inner side of the fixed frame 234, and its free end 2324 is suspended in the fixed frame 234; the outer surface of the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232 and the inner side of the fixed frame 234 A reserved gap 238 is formed between the surfaces.
  • the sounding film 236 is attached to the side surface of the fixing frame 234 facing the first cavity 222 in advance independently of the housing 210 and seals at least the reserved gap 238 formed between the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232 and the fixing frame 234 .
  • the pronunciation film 236 is provided with a protrusion 2362 facing the second cavity 224 at a position corresponding to the reserved gap 238. Due to the arrangement of the protrusion 2362, when the vibration plate 232 drives the sounding film 236 to vibrate, the sounding film can more easily vibrate with the vibration plate.
  • the sounding film 236 may also be pre-attached on the surface of the fixing frame 234 facing the second cavity 224, and the protrusion 2362 faces the first cavity 223.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes a first coil assembly 242 disposed in the second cavity 224 and close to the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232, and disposed in the second cavity 224 A first magnetic field component 244 inside and close to the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232, and a second magnetic field component 246 disposed in the first cavity 222 and close to the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232.
  • the first magnetic field component 244 is opposite to the second magnetic field component 246, and the coil component 242 and the magnetic field components 244 and 246 are spaced apart from each other.
  • the first coil assembly 242 includes a first magnetic core 2422 and a first coil 2424.
  • the first coil 2424 is disposed on the second bottom surface of the second housing 214 , One end of the first magnetic core 2422 is sleeved in the hollow inner hole of the first coil 2424, and the other end of the first magnetic core 2422 extends out of the hollow inner hole of the first coil 2424 and is connected to the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232
  • the first magnetic core 2422 is preferably an iron core.
  • the first magnetic field assembly 244 includes a first magnetic field generating member 2442 that generates a fixed magnetic field and a first magnetic conductive block 2444.
  • the first magnetic conductive block 2444 is fixed to the second bottom surface of the second housing 214; the first A magnetic field generating member 2442 is fixed on the first magnetic block 2444 and faces the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232, and a required gap is reserved between the first magnetic field generating member 2442 and the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232 .
  • the second magnetic field assembly 246 only includes a second magnetic field generating member 2462 that generates a fixed magnetic field, and the second magnetic field generating member 2462 is directly fixed to the first bottom surface of the first housing 212 and faces the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232 ( Or directly opposite to the first magnetic field generating member 2442), and the required gap is reserved between the second magnetic field generating member 2462 and the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232.
  • the magnetic core is flat or round. When the magnetic core is flat, the direction of the short diameter of the flat is the length of the diaphragm, and the direction of the long diameter of the flat is the width of the diaphragm. In this way, the entire coil assembly is closer to the fixed end of the vibrating plate. When the size of the housing is unchanged, the vibrating end is extended, the stiffness of the vibrating end is reduced, and the sensitivity is improved.
  • the magnetic field generating members 2442, 2462 are permanent magnets.
  • the first coil assembly 242 may include only the first coil 2424, and the first coil 2424 is directly connected to the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232, so that the AC magnetic field generated when the first coil 2424 is energized Just enter the vibration plate 232.
  • the principle of the vibration of the vibration plate 232 driven by the electromagnetic drive mechanism shown in FIG. 2 is that when alternating current is supplied to the first coil 2424, the generated AC magnetic field enters the vibration plate 232 through the first magnetic core 2422, so that the vibration plate 232 has a pole Under the action of the fixed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating parts 2442 and 2462, the vibrating plate 232 is reciprocated in the vertical direction, thereby driving the sound generating film 236 to agitate the air to sound.
  • the receiver shown in FIG. 2 does not use the driving rod 130 and the reed 140. Since the vibration plate 232 in FIG. 2 is made of a magnetically conductive material, the fixed end 2322 is connected to the coil assembly 242, and the AC magnetic field generated when the coil 2424 is energized passes directly through the vibration plate 232 and the fixed magnetic field generated by the magnetic field generating parts 2442, 2462 Function, generate driving force to push the vibration plate 232 to generate vibration and sound.
  • the vibrating plate 232 made of magnetically conductive material in the present invention has the function of a reed, that is, the vibrating plate 232 and the reed are combined into one in the present invention, and no additional driving rod and reed are needed, thus The connection between moving parts is reduced, the assembly process is simplified, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
  • FIG. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in FIG. 2.
  • the components inside the receiver shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 have a clear hierarchy, and their stacked design makes the assembly process simple, which is very suitable for automated production.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receiver in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver shown in FIG. 5 is additionally provided with a fixing block 250.
  • the fixing block 250 is located in the first cavity 222 and its one end is fixed to the first of the first housing 212
  • the other end of the bottom surface is opposite to the magnetic core 2422 to press the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232, thereby improving the stability of the fixed end 2322.
  • FIG. 6, which is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receiver in the third embodiment of the present invention, and the electromagnetic driving mechanism is a double coil design.
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism in FIG. 7 further includes a second coil assembly 248;
  • the second magnetic field assembly 746 in FIG. 7 further includes a second magnetic block 7464 ;
  • the vibration plate 232 is provided between the openings of the first housing 212 and the second housing 214.
  • the second coil assembly 248 is disposed in the first cavity 222 and is close to the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232.
  • the second coil assembly 248 includes a second magnetic core 2482 and a second coil 2484, the second coil 2484 is disposed on the first bottom surface of the first housing 212, and one end of the second magnetic core 2482 is sleeved
  • the hollow inner hole of the second coil 2484 is provided, and the other end of the hollow inner hole of the second coil 2484 is connected to the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232.
  • the second magnetic field assembly 746 includes a second magnetic field generating member 7462 that generates a fixed magnetic field and a second magnetic conductive block 7464.
  • the second magnetic conductive block 7464 is fixed on the first bottom surface of the first housing 212, and the first The second magnetic field generating member 7462 is fixed on the second magnetic block 7464, and faces the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232, (or directly opposite to the first magnetic field generating member 2442), and the second magnetic field generating member 7462 and the vibration
  • the required gap is reserved between the free ends 2324 of the plate 232.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism in FIG. 7 is a dual-coil design, which not only can drive the vibration plate 232 more effectively and increase the sensitivity of the receiver, but also the two magnetic cores 2482, 2422 can press the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232 , Thereby improving the stability of the fixed end 2322.
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receiver in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and its electromagnetic driving mechanism is also a double coil design.
  • the main difference between the receiver shown in FIG. 9 and the receiver shown in FIG. 7 is that the first magnetic field assembly 944 in FIG.
  • the second magnetic field assembly 946 includes only the first Two magnetic field generating members 9462, the second magnetic field generating member 9462 is directly fixed on the first bottom surface of the first housing 211, and faces the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232, and the second magnetic field generating member 9462 and the vibration plate A required gap is reserved between the free ends 2324 of 232, wherein the first magnetic field generating member 9442 and the second magnetic field generating member 9462 are placed oppositely.
  • FIG. 9 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in FIG. 9.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receiver in the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and its electromagnetic driving mechanism is also a dual-coil design.
  • the main difference between the receiver shown in FIG. 11 and the receiver shown in FIG. 7 is that in FIG. 11, the area on the first bottom surface of the first housing 212 where the second magnetic field generating member 1462 is placed is different from the other on the first bottom surface.
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the receiver shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the first longitudinal section of the receiver in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is the second longitudinal section of the receiver in the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Schematic.
  • the receiver shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 includes a housing 310, a diaphragm mechanism 230, and an electromagnetic drive mechanism (not labeled).
  • the housing 310 has a hollow inner cavity 220.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 is disposed in the hollow cavity 220 and divides the hollow cavity 220 into a first cavity 222 and a second cavity 224.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 includes a vibration plate 232, a fixed end of the vibration plate 232 is connected to the hollow cavity 220, and a free end of the vibration plate 232 is suspended in the hollow cavity 220.
  • the housing 310 includes a cover plate 312 and a hollow box 314 with an open top, the hollow box 314 includes a bottom surface and side walls; the cover plate 312 covers The hollow box body 314 has an opening at the top, and the hollow box body 314 and the cover plate 312 enclose the hollow inner cavity 220, for example, the cover plate 312 and the hollow box body 314 are fixedly connected by adhesive or electric welding .
  • both the cover plate 312 and the hollow box 314 are made of magnetically conductive material.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 is disposed in the hollow box 314, and the diaphragm mechanism 230 divides the hollow cavity 220 close to the cover plate A first cavity 222 of 312 and a second cavity 224 near the bottom surface of the hollow box 314; a plurality of third bosses 316 are provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the hollow box 314, A plurality of third bosses 316 are used to support the diaphragm mechanism 230.
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism is disposed in the hollow cavity 220.
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism includes a coil assembly 242 and at least one magnetic field assembly 244, 246.
  • the magnetic field components 246 and 244 are respectively disposed in the first cavity 222 or the second cavity 224, and the magnetic field components 244 and 246 are close to the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232;
  • the coil assembly 242 is close to the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232 and serves as a support for the vibration plate 232.
  • the AC magnetic field generated when the coil component 242 is energized directly generates a driving force through the vibration plate 232 and the DC magnetic field (ie, the magnetic fields generated by the magnetic field components 244 and 246) to push the vibration plate 232 to generate vibration and sound.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes a second magnetic field assembly 246 disposed in the first cavity 222 and near the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232, and a second magnetic field assembly 246
  • the first magnetic field component 244 is opposite to the second magnetic field component 246, the first magnetic field component 244 and the coil component 242 are arranged side by side, and the coil component 242 is closer to the vibration plate 232 than the first magnetic field component 244 ⁇ 2322 ⁇ The fixed end 2322.
  • the coil assembly 242 includes a magnetic core 2422 and a coil 2424, the placement direction of the coil 2424 is perpendicular to the placement direction of the vibration plate 232, and the magnetic core 2422 One end is sleeved in the hollow inner hole of the coil 2424, and the other end extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil 2424 to connect and support the fixed end 2322 of the vibrating plate 232.
  • the first magnetic core 2422 is preferably iron core.
  • the second magnetic field assembly 246 includes a second magnetic field generating member 2462 that generates a fixed magnetic field.
  • the second magnetic field generating member 2462 is directly disposed on the cover plate 312 and faces the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232, and the A required gap is reserved between the second magnetic field generating member 2462 and the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232.
  • the first magnetic field assembly 244 includes a first magnetic field generating member 2442 that generates a fixed magnetic field and a magnetic conductive block 2444, which is disposed on the bottom surface of the hollow box 314; the first magnetic field generating member 2442 is disposed on The magnetic conductive block 2444 faces the free end of the vibration plate 232 (or directly opposite to the second magnetic field generating element 2462), and is reserved between the first magnetic field generating element 2442 and the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232 There is the required clearance.
  • the magnetic field generating members 2442, 2462 are permanent magnets.
  • the coil assembly 242 may include only the coil 2424, and the coil 2424 is connected to the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232 and supports the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232, so that The AC magnetic field can enter the vibration plate 232.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 is located on the side of the free end 2324 of the diaphragm 232 supported by the third boss 316; the diaphragm mechanism 230 is located One side of the fixed end 2322 of the vibrating plate 232 is placed on and supported by the coil assembly 242, and the periphery of the diaphragm mechanism 230 is fixed and sealed with the inner wall of the housing 310 using an adhesive .
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 further includes a fixing frame 234.
  • the fixing frame 234 is connected to the inner side surface of the side wall of the hollow box 314, and has an inner cavity (not labeled) penetrating through the thickness direction of the fixing frame 234.
  • the fixing frame 234 is made of non-magnetic material, which may be stainless steel, aluminum, or other non-magnetic metal or non-metallic materials.
  • the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232 is fixed inside the fixed frame 234, and the free end 2324 is suspended in the inner cavity of the fixed frame 234; the outer surface of the free end 2324 of the vibration plate 232 and the fixed frame
  • a predetermined gap 238 is formed between the inside surfaces of 234.
  • the vibration plate 232 and the fixing frame 234 are of one-piece design, and a U-shaped predetermined gap 238 is grooved in one-piece design.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 230 further includes a hinge (not marked), and the fixed end 2322 of the vibrating plate 232 is hinged to the inner side of the fixed frame 234 through the hinge; On the fixed frame 234, the fixed end 2322 of the vibration plate 232 and the fixed frame 234 are respectively provided with protrusions and grooves matching with the hinge.
  • the principle of the vibration of the vibration plate 232 driven by the electromagnetic drive mechanism shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is that when alternating current is supplied to the coil 2424, the generated AC magnetic field enters the vibration plate 232 through the magnetic core 2422, so that the vibration plate 232 has polarity Under the action of the fixed magnetic field (or DC magnetic field) generated by the magnetic field generating parts 2442 and 2462, the vibrating plate 232 is reciprocated in the vertical direction, thereby driving the sounding film (not marked) to agitate the air to sound.
  • FIG. 15 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in FIGS. 13 and 14. Compared with FIG. 1, the components inside the receiver shown in FIG. 15 have a clear hierarchy, and its stacked design makes the assembly process simple, which is very suitable for automated production.
  • the vibrating plate 232 made of magnetically conductive material in the present invention has the function of a reed, that is, the vibrating plate 232 and the reed are combined into one in the present invention, and no additional driving rod and reed are required. Therefore, the receiver in the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种受话器，其包括：外壳，其具有空心内腔；振膜机构，其设置于所述空心内腔中，将所述空心内腔分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体，所述振膜机构包括振板，所述振板的固定端固定于所述外壳的内壁上，所述振板的自由端悬空设置于所述空心内腔中；电磁驱动机构，其设置于所述空心内腔内，其包括至少一个线圈组件和至少一个磁场组件，其中，每个磁场组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述磁场组件靠近振板的自由端；每个线圈组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述线圈组件靠近振动板的固定端。与现有技术相比，本发明中的受话器减少了运动部件之间的连接，从而简化装配工艺，降低制造成本。

Description

一种受话器 【技术领域】
本发明属于电声转换技术领域，特别涉及一种受话器。
【背景技术】
受话器也叫听筒，是一种在无声音泄漏条件下将音频电信号转换成声音信号的电声器件，广泛用于移动电话、固定电话及助听器等通信终端设备中，实现音频的输出。
请参考图1所示，其为现有技术中的一种受话器，其包括壳体110、膜片120以及电磁驱动机构，膜片120设置在壳体110内并将壳体的内腔分隔为前腔和后腔，电磁驱动机构固定在后腔中。电磁驱动机构包括驱动杆130、簧片(或电枢)140、两块永磁体150以及线圈160，其中簧片140的一端固定在壳体110的侧壁的内壁面上，另一端通过驱动杆130与膜片120连接；线圈160套设在簧片140上并靠近簧片140的U型圆弧过渡部，两块永磁体150分别位于簧片140靠近驱动杆130那一端的上下两侧并固定在壳体110内壁面上。
由于图1所示受话器中，簧片140与膜片120需要用驱动杆130(或驱动板)进行连接，采用驱动杆130(或驱动板)的设计其装配非常困难，组装效率低，难以实现自动化生产，对员工技能要求较高，制程不稳定，装配质量的管控会影响产品的可靠性，重工率高甚至造成报废，不利于降低制造成本。
因此，有必要提出一种改进的技术方案来克服上述问题。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种受话器，其减少了运动部件之间的连接，从而简化装配工艺，降低制造成本。
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供一种受话器，其包括：外壳，其具有空心内腔；振膜机构，其设置于所述空心内腔中，将所述空心内腔分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体，所述振膜机构包括振板，所述振板包括自由端和固定端，所述振板的自由端悬空设置于所述空心内腔中；电磁驱动机构，其设置于所述空心内腔内，其包括至少一个线圈组件和至少一个磁场组件，其中，每个磁场组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述磁场组件靠近振板的自由端；每个线圈组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述线圈组件靠近振动板的固定端。
进一步的，电磁驱动机构包括一个线圈组件和至少一个磁场组件，其中，每个磁场组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述磁场组件靠近振板的自由端；线圈组件设置于第二腔体中，所述线圈组件靠近振动板的固定端且作为所述振板 的支撑。
进一步的，所述外壳包括由第一底面与侧壁形成的第一壳体，以及由第二底面和侧壁形成的第二壳体，所述第一壳体与第二壳体相互扣合围成所述空心内腔；所述振膜机构将所述空心内腔分隔成靠近第一底面的第一腔体和靠近第二底面的第二腔体。
进一步的，所述振膜机构还包括固定框和发音膜，所述固定框固定于所述外壳的侧壁上，其具有贯穿所述固定框厚度方向的内腔体；所述振板的固定端固定于所述固定框的内侧，其自由端悬空于所述固定框，所述振板的自由端与固定框之间形成有预留间隙；所述发音膜贴附于所述固定框的一侧表面上，并至少密封所述预留间隙。
进一步的，所述发音膜在对应于所述预留间隙处设置有凸起；所述固定框为不导磁材质；第一壳体和第二壳体均采用导磁材质。
进一步的，设置于第二腔体内且靠近所述振板的固定端的第一线圈组件；设置于第二腔体内且靠近所述振板的自由端的第一磁场组件；设置于第一腔体内且靠近所述振板的自由端的第二磁场组件。
与现有技术相比，本发明中的振板采用导磁材料制作，且振板的固定端与线圈组件相连或相邻，以使线圈通电时产生的交流磁场进入振板，并与直流磁场作用产生驱动力推动振板产生振动发声，不需要额外的驱动杆和簧片，从而减少了运动部件之间的连接，简化装配工艺，降低制造成本。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。其中：
图1为现有技术中的一种受话器的结构示意图；
图2为本发明在第一实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图3为图2中的振膜机构在一个实施例中的爆炸示意图；
图4为图2所示的受话器的爆炸示意图；
图5为本发明在第二实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图6为图5所示的受话器的爆炸示意图；
图7为本发明在第三实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图8为图7所示的受话器的爆炸示意图；
图9为本发明在第四实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图10为图9所示的受话器的爆炸示意图；
图11为本发明在第五实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图12为图11所示的受话器的爆炸示意图；
图13为本发明在第六实施例中的受话器的第一纵向剖面示意图；
图14为本发明在第六实施例中的受话器的第二纵向剖面示意图；
图15为图13和图14所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例，也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。除非特别说明，本文中的连接、相连、相接的表示电性连接的词均表示直接或间接电性相连。
请参考图2所示，其为本发明在第一实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图。图2所示的受话器包括：外壳210、振膜机构230和电磁驱动机构(未标识)。
所述外壳210具有空心内腔220。所述振膜机构230设置于所述空心内腔220中，并将所述空心内腔220分隔为第一腔体222和第二腔体224。所述振膜机构230包括振板232，所述振板232的固定端固定于所述外壳210的内壁上，所述振板232的自由端悬空设置于所述空心内腔220中。
所述电磁驱动机构设置于所述空心内腔220中，所述电磁驱动机构包括至少一个线圈组件242和至少一个磁场组件244、246。其中，所述磁场组件246、244设置于第一腔体222或第二腔体224中，且所述磁场组件244、246靠近振板232的自由端；所述线圈组件242设置于第一腔体222或第二腔体224中，且所述线圈组件242靠近振板232的固定端。
在图2所示的具体实施例中，所述外壳210包括由第一底面与侧壁围成的第一壳体212，以及由第二底面与侧壁围成的第二壳体214，第一壳体212与第二壳体214相互扣合围成所述空心内腔220，例如，采用胶粘或者电焊方式将第一壳体212和第二壳体214固定连接。在一个优选的实施例中，第一壳体212和第二壳体214均采用导磁材料制成。
在图2所示的具体实施例中，所述振膜机构230设置于所述第一壳体212内，其将所述空心内腔220分隔成靠近第一底面的第一腔体222和靠近第二底面的第二腔体224。
请参考图3所示，其为图2中的振膜机构在一个实施例中的爆炸示意图。如图2和图3所示，所述振膜机构230包括振板232、固定框234和发音膜236。所述固定框234固定于第一壳体212的侧壁的内侧面上，其具有贯穿所述固定框234厚度方向的内腔体2342。所述固定框234为不导磁材质，其可以是不锈钢、铝或其它不导磁的金属或非金属材质。所述振板232的固定端2322固定于所述固定框234的内侧，其自由端2324悬空在所述固定框234内；所述振板232的自由端2324的外侧表面与固定框234的内侧表面之间形成有预留间隙238。所述发音膜236独立于外壳210预先贴附在固定框234朝向第一腔体222的一侧表面上，并至少密封振板232的自由端2324与固定框234之间形成的预留间隙238。
在图3所示的实施例中，所述发音膜236在对应于所述预留间隙238位置处设置有朝向第二腔体224的凸起2362。由于该凸起2362的设置，当振板232带动发音膜236振动时，所述发音膜可以更容易随所述振板一起振动。在一个可选择的实施例中，所述发音膜236也可以预先贴附在固定框234朝向第二腔体224的一侧表面上，此时所述凸起2362朝向第一腔体223。
在图2所示的具体实施例中，所述电磁驱动机构包括设置于第二腔体224内且靠近所述振板232的固定端2322的第一线圈组件242，设置于第二腔体224内且靠近所述振板232的自由端2324的第一磁场组件244，以及设置于第一腔体222内且靠近所述振板232的自由端2324的第二磁场组件246。其中，第一磁场组件244与第二磁场组件246相对，线圈组件242和磁场组件244、246相互间隔。
在图2所示的具体实施例中，所述第一线圈组件242包括第一磁芯2422和第一线圈2424，所述第一线圈2424设置于所述第二壳体214的第二底面上，所述第一磁芯2422一端套设于所述第一线圈2424的空心内孔中，其另一端伸出所述第一线圈2424的空心内孔与所述振板232的固定端2322相连，所述第一磁芯2422优选为铁芯。所述第一磁场组件244包括产生固定磁场的第一磁场产生件2442和第一导磁块2444，所述第一导磁块2444固定于第二壳体214的第二底面上；所述第一磁场产生件2442固定在第一导磁块2444上，并朝向振板232的自由端2324，且所述第一磁场产生件2442与振板232的自由端2324之间预留有所需间隙。第二磁场组件246仅包括产生固定磁场的第二磁场产生件2462，所述第二磁场产生件2462直接固定于第一壳体212的第一底面上，并朝向振板232的自由端2324(或与第一磁场产生件2442正对)，且所述第二磁场产生件2462与振板232的自由端2324之间预留有所需间隙。所述磁芯为扁形或圆形，在所述磁芯为扁形时，该扁形的短径的方向为所述振板的长度方向，该扁形的长径的 方向为所述振板的宽度方向，这样整个线圈组件更加靠近所述振板的固定端，在外壳尺寸不变的情况下，延长了振动端，降低振动端劲度，提升灵敏度。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述磁场产生件2442、2462为永磁体。在一个实施例中，所述第一线圈组件242可以仅包括第一线圈2424，第一线圈2424直接与所述振板232的固定端2322相连，从而使第一线圈2424通电时产生的交流磁场可以进入振板232即可。在一个实施例中，可以仅有第一磁场组件244，也可以仅与第二磁场组件246。
图2所示的电磁驱动机构驱动振板232振动的原理是：当给第一线圈2424通入交流电时，产生的交流磁场通过第一磁芯2422进入振板232，使振板232带有极性，在磁场产生件2442、2462产生的固定磁场的作用下，使得振板232在竖直方向做往复振动，从而带动发音膜236鼓动空气发声。
综上可知，与图1所示的受话器相比，图2所示的受话器未使用驱动杆130和簧片140。由于图2中的振板232采用导磁材料制作，其固定端2322与所述线圈组件242相连，线圈2424通电时产生的交流磁场直接通过振板232与磁场产生件2442、2462产生的固定磁场作用，产生驱动力推动振板232产生振动发声。也就是说，本发明中采用导磁材料制成的振板232具有簧片的功能，即本发明中将振板232和簧片二合为一，不需要额外的驱动杆和簧片，从而减少了运动部件之间的连接，简化装配工艺，降低制造成本。
请参考图4所示，其为图2所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。与图1相比，图2和图4所示的受话器内部的组件层次分明，其堆叠式的设计使得装配工艺简单，非常适合自动化生产。
请参考图5所示，其为本发明在第二实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图。与图2所示的受话器相比，图5所示的受话器中增设有固定块250，所述固定块250位于第一腔体222中，其一端固定于所述第一壳体212的第一底面，另一端与磁芯2422相对，以压紧所述振板232的固定端2322，从而提高固定端2322的稳定性。请参考图6所示，其为图5所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。
请参考图7所示，其为本发明在第三实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图，其电磁驱动机构为双线圈设计。图7所示的受话器与图2所示的受话器的主要区别在于：图7中的电磁驱动机构还包括第二线圈组件248；图7中的第二磁场组件746还包括第二导磁块7464；振板232设置在第一壳体212和第二壳体214的开口之间。
在图7所示的具体实施例中，所述第二线圈组件248设置于第一腔体222内且靠近所述振板232的固定端2322。所述第二线圈组件248包括第二磁芯2482 和第二线圈2484，所述第二线圈2484设置于所述第一壳体212的第一底面上，所述第二磁芯2482的一端套设于所述第二线圈2484的空心内孔中，其另一端伸出所述第二线圈2484的空心内孔与所述振板232的固定端2322相连。所述第二磁场组件746包括产生固定磁场的第二磁场产生件7462和第二导磁块7464，所述第二导磁块7464固定于第一壳体212的第一底面上，所述第二磁场产生件7462固定在第二导磁块7464上，并朝向振板232的自由端2324，(或与第一个磁场产生件2442正对)，且所述第二磁场产生件7462与振板232的自由端2324之间预留有所需间隙。
图7中的电磁驱动机构为双线圈设计，不仅可以更有效地驱动振板232振动，增大受话器的灵敏度，而且两个磁芯2482、2422可以压紧所述振板232的固定端2322，从而提高固定端2322的稳定性。请参考图8所示，其为图7所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。
请参考图9所示，其为本发明在第四实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图，其电磁驱动机构也为双线圈设计。图9所示的受话器与图7所示的受话器的主要区别在于：图9中的第一磁场组件944仅包括第一磁场产生件9442，所述第一磁场产生件9442直接固定于第二壳体214的第二底面上，并朝向振板232的自由端2324，且第一磁场产生件9442与振板232的自由端2324之间预留有所需间隙；第二磁场组件946仅包括第二磁场产生件9462，所述第二磁场产生件9462直接固定于第一壳体211的第一底面上，并朝向振板232的自由端2324，且所述第二磁场产生件9462与振板232的自由端2324之间预留有所需间隙，其中，第一磁场产生件9442和所述第二磁场产生件9462相对放置。也就是说，图9所示的受话器通过增加磁场产生件的厚度，将加厚的磁场产生件9442、9462安装在壳体210上，无需设置额外导磁块。请参考图10所示，其为图9所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。
请参考图11所示，其为本发明在第五实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图，其电磁驱动机构也为双线圈设计。图11所示的受话器与图7所示的受话器的主要区别在于：图11中，第一壳体212的第一底面上用于放置第二磁场产生件1462的区域相对于第一底面的其他区域向第一壳体212内凸起，以形成第一凸台2122，所述第二磁场产生件1462放置于所述第一凸台2122上；第二壳体214的第二底面上用于放置所述第一磁场产生件1442的区域相对于第二底面的其他区域向第二壳体215内凸起，以形成第二凸台2142，所述第一磁场产生件1442直接放置于所述第二凸台2142上。这样，图11所示的受话器，不用增加磁场产生件1442、1462的厚度，也可以省去导磁块的设置。请参考图12所示，其为图 11所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。
请参考图13所示，其为本发明在第六实施例中的受话器的第一纵向剖面示意图；请参考图14所示，其为本发明在第六实施例中的受话器的第二纵向剖面示意图。
图13和图14所示的受话器包括：外壳310、振膜机构230和电磁驱动机构(未标识)。
所述外壳310具有空心内腔220。所述振膜机构230设置于所述空心内腔220中，并将所述空心内腔220分隔为第一腔体222和第二腔体224。所述振膜机构230包括振板232，所述振板232的固定端连接于所述空心内腔220中，所述振板232的自由端悬空设置于所述空心内腔220中。
在图13和图14所示的具体实施例中，所述外壳310包括盖板312和具有顶部开口的空心盒体314，所述空心盒体314包括底面和侧壁；所述盖板312覆盖所述空心盒体314的顶部开口，所述空心盒体314和所述盖板312围成所述空心内腔220，例如，采用胶粘或者电焊方式将盖板312和空心盒体314固定连接。在一个优选的实施例中，盖板312和空心盒体314均采用导磁材料制成。
在图13和图14所示的具体实施例中，所述振膜机构230设置于所述空心盒体314内，所述振膜机构230将所述空心内腔220分隔成靠近所述盖板312的第一腔体222和靠近所述空心盒体314的底面的第二腔体224；在所述空心盒体314的侧壁的内壁面上设置有多个第三凸台316，所述多个第三凸台316用于支撑所述振膜机构230。
所述电磁驱动机构设置于所述空心内腔220中，所述电磁驱动机构包括线圈组件242和至少一个磁场组件244、246。其中，所述磁场组件246、244分别设置于第一腔体222或第二腔体224中，且所述磁场组件244、246靠近振板232的自由端2324；所述线圈组件242设置于第二腔体224中，所述线圈组件242靠近振板232的固定端2322且作为所述振板232的支撑。本发明中，线圈组件242通电时产生的交流磁场直接通过振板232与直流磁场(即所述磁场组件244、246产生的磁场)作用产生驱动力推动振板232产生振动发声。
在图13和图14所示的具体实施例中，所述电磁驱动机构包括设置于第一腔体222内且靠近所述振板232的自由端2324的第二磁场组件246，以及设置于第二腔体224内且靠近所述振板232的自由端2324的第一磁场组件244。其中，第一磁场组件244与第二磁场组件246相对，所述第一磁场组件244与线圈组件242并排设置，且所述线圈组件242较所述第一磁场组件244更靠近所述振板232的固定端2322。
在图13和图14所示的具体实施例中，所述线圈组件242包括磁芯2422和线圈2424，所述线圈2424的放置方向垂直于所述振板232的放置方向，所述磁芯2422一端套设于所述线圈2424的空心内孔中，其另一端伸出所述线圈2424的空心内孔连接并支撑所述振板232的固定端2322，所述第一磁芯2422优选为铁芯。所述第二磁场组件246包括产生固定磁场的第二磁场产生件2462，所述第二磁场产生件2462直接设置于所述盖板312上，并朝向振板232的自由端2324，且所述第二磁场产生件2462与振板232的自由端2324之间预留有所需间隙。第一磁场组件244包括产生固定磁场的第一磁场产生件2442和导磁块2444，所述导磁块2444设置于所述空心盒体314的底面上；所述第一磁场产生件2442设置于所述导磁块2444上，并朝向振板232的自由端(或与第二磁场产生件2462正对)，且所述第一磁场产生件2442与振板232的自由端2324之间预留有所需间隙。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述磁场产生件2442、2462为永磁体。在一个实施例中，所述线圈组件242可以仅包括线圈2424，线圈2424与所述振板232的固定端2322相连且支撑所述振板232的固定端2322，从而使线圈2424通电时产生的交流磁场可以进入振板232。在一个实施例中，可以仅有第一磁场组件244，也可以仅有第二磁场组件246，只要其可以提供固定磁场(或直流磁场)即可。
在图13和图14所示的具体实施例中，所述振膜机构230位于所述振板232的自由端2324的一侧由所述第三凸台316支撑；所述振膜机构230位于所述振板232的固定端2322的一侧放置在线圈组件242上且由所述线圈组件242支撑，并采用粘结剂将所述振膜机构230的周边与外壳310内壁进行固定和密封连接。
请参考图13和图14所示，所述振膜机构230还包括固定框234。所述固定框234连接于所述空心盒体314的侧壁的内侧面上，其具有贯穿所述固定框234厚度方向的内腔体(未标识)。所述固定框234为不导磁材质，其可以是不锈钢、铝或其它不导磁的金属或非金属材质。所述振板232的固定端2322固定于所述固定框234内侧，其自由端2324悬空在所述固定框234的内腔体中；所述振板232的自由端2324的外侧表面与固定框234的内侧表面之间形成有预定间隙238。
在图13和图14所示的实施例中，所述振板232和固定框234是一片式设计，一圈U型的预定间隙238是在一片式设计上开了槽。在另一个实施例中，所述振膜机构230还包括铰链(未标识)，所述振板232的固定端2322通过所述铰链铰接于所述固定框234的内侧；所述铰链设置于所述固定框234上，所述振板 232的固定端2322和固定框234上分别设置有与所述铰链相匹配的凸起和凹槽。
图13和图14所示的电磁驱动机构驱动振板232振动的原理是：当给线圈2424通入交流电时，产生的交流磁场通过磁芯2422进入振板232，使振板232带有极性，在磁场产生件2442、2462产生的固定磁场(或直流磁场)的作用下，使得振板232在竖直方向做往复振动，从而带动发音膜(未标识)鼓动空气发声。
请参考图15所示，其为图13和图14所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。与图1相比，图15所示的受话器内部的组件层次分明，其堆叠式的设计使得装配工艺简单，非常适合自动化生产。
综上所述，本发明中采用导磁材料制成的振板232具有簧片的功能，即本发明中将振板232和簧片二合为一，不需要额外的驱动杆和簧片。从而使得本发明中的受话器具有一下优点或有益效果：
(1)受话器内部的组件层次分明，其堆叠式的设计使得装配工艺简单，非常适合自动化生产；
(2)减少了运动部件间的连接(例如，驱动杆和簧片)，具有更高的可靠性高；
(3)更少的组成部件和更简单的装配工艺得到更高的生产效率。
(4)更少的组成部件和更简单的装配工艺有利于降低成本。
在本发明中，“连接”、“相连”、“连”、“接”等表示电性连接的词语，如无特别说明，则表示直接或间接的电性连接。
需要指出的是，熟悉该领域的技术人员对本发明的具体实施方式所做的任何改动均不脱离本发明的权利要求书的范围。相应地，本发明的权利要求的范围也并不仅仅局限于前述具体实施方式。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种受话器，其特征在于，其包括：
    外壳，其具有空心内腔；
    振膜机构，其设置于所述空心内腔中，将所述空心内腔分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体，所述振膜机构包括振板，所述振板包括自由端和固定端，所述振板的自由端悬空设置于所述空心内腔中；
    电磁驱动机构，其设置于所述空心内腔内，其包括至少一个线圈组件和至少一个磁场组件，其中，每个磁场组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述磁场组件靠近振板的自由端；每个线圈组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述线圈组件靠近振动板的固定端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    电磁驱动机构包括一个线圈组件和至少一个磁场组件，其中，每个磁场组件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述磁场组件靠近振板的自由端；线圈组件设置于第二腔体中，所述线圈组件靠近振动板的固定端且作为所述振板的支撑。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述外壳包括由第一底面与侧壁形成的第一壳体，以及由第二底面和侧壁形成的第二壳体，所述第一壳体与第二壳体相互扣合围成所述空心内腔；
    所述振膜机构将所述空心内腔分隔成靠近第一底面的第一腔体和靠近第二底面的第二腔体。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述振膜机构还包括固定框和发音膜，
    所述固定框固定于所述外壳的侧壁上，其具有贯穿所述固定框厚度方向的内腔体；
    所述振板的固定端固定于所述固定框的内侧，其自由端悬空于所述固定框，所述振板的自由端与固定框之间形成有预留间隙；
    所述发音膜贴附于所述固定框的一侧表面上，并至少密封所述预留间隙。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述发音膜在对应于所述预留间隙处设置有凸起；
    所述固定框为不导磁材质；
    第一壳体和第二壳体均采用导磁材质。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述电磁驱动机构包括：
    设置于第二腔体内且靠近所述振板的固定端的第一线圈组件；
    设置于第二腔体内且靠近所述振板的自由端的第一磁场组件；
    设置于第一腔体内且靠近所述振板的自由端的第二磁场组件。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述第一线圈组件包括第一磁芯和第一线圈，
    所述第一线圈设置于所述第二壳体的第二底面上，所述第一磁芯一端套设于所述第一线圈的空心内孔中，其另一端伸出所述第一线圈的空心内孔与所述振板的固定端相连，
    所述磁芯为扁形或圆形。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述受话器还包括固定块，所述固定块位于第一腔体中，其一端设置于所述第一壳体的第一底面，另一端压紧所述振板的固定端；或
    所述电磁驱动机构还包括第二线圈组件，所述第二线圈组件设置于第一腔体内且靠近所述振板的固定端，所述第二线圈组件包括第二磁芯和第二线圈，所述第二线圈设置于所述第一壳体的第一底面上，所述第二磁芯的一端套设于所述第二线圈的空心内孔中，其另一端伸出所述第二线圈的空心内孔与所述振板的固定端相连，
    所述磁芯为扁形或圆形。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述第一磁场组件包括产生固定磁场的第一磁场产生件和第一导磁块，所述第一导磁块设置于第二壳体的第二底面上；所述第一磁场产生件设置于第一导磁块上，并朝向振板的自由端；或
    所述第一磁场组件包括产生固定磁场的第一磁场产生件，第一磁场产生件直接设置于第二壳体的第二底面上，并朝向振板的自由端。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述第二磁场组件包括产生固定磁场的第二磁场产生件和第二导磁块，所述第二导磁块设置于第一壳体的第一底面上；所述第二磁场产生件设置于第二导磁块上，并朝向振板的自由端；或
    所述第二磁场组件包括产生固定磁场的第二磁场产生件，第二磁场产生件直接设置于第一壳体的第一底面上，并朝向振板的自由端。
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述第一壳体的第一底面上用于放置第二磁场组件的区域相对于第一底面的其他区域向第一壳体内凸起，以形成第一凸台，所述第二磁场组件置于所述第一凸台上；
    第二壳体的第二底面上用于放置所述第一磁场组件的区域相对于第二底面的其他区域向第二壳体内凸起，以形成第二凸台，所述第一磁场组件放置于所述第二凸台上。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述磁场组件用于产生固定磁场；
    所述线圈组件通电后产生交变磁场；
    所述振板为导磁材料，线圈组件通电时产生的交变磁场被引入所述振板。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述外壳还包括设置于所述外壳的侧壁的内壁面上的凸台，所述凸台用于支撑所述振膜机构。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述振膜机构位于所述振板的自由端的一侧由所述凸台支撑；
    所述振膜机构位于所述振板的固定端的一侧由所述线圈组件支撑；
    所述振膜机构的周边与外壳内壁密封连接。
  15. 根据权利要求2所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述线圈组件包括磁芯和线圈，
    所述线圈的放置方向垂直于所述振板的放置方向，所述磁芯一端套设于所述线圈的空心内孔中，其另一端伸出所述线圈的空心内孔支撑所述振板的固定端。
  16. 根据权利要求2所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述外壳包括盖板和具有顶部开口的空心盒体，
    所述空心盒体包括底面和侧壁；所述盖板覆盖所述空心盒体的顶部开口，所述空心盒体和所述盖板围成所述空心内腔，
    所述振膜机构设置于所述空心盒体内，所述振膜机构将所述空心内腔分隔成靠近所述盖板的第一腔体和靠近所述空心盒体的底面的第二腔体。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述电磁驱动机构包括：
    设置于第一腔体内的第二磁场组件，所述第二磁场组件和所述振板的自由端之间预留有所需间隙；
    设置于第二腔体内的第一磁场组件，所述第一磁场组件和所述振板的自由端之间预留有所需间隙。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述所需间隙为0.05～0.2毫米。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述第二磁场组件包括产生固定磁场的第二磁场产生件，第二磁场产生件直接设置于所述盖板上，并朝向振板的自由端，
    所述第一磁场组件包括产生固定磁场的第一磁场产生件和导磁块，所述导磁块设置于所述空心盒体的底面上；所述第一磁场产生件设置于所述导磁块上，并朝向振板的自由端。
  20. 根据权利要求2所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述振膜机构还包括固定框和铰链，
    所述固定框具有贯穿所述固定框厚度方向的内腔体；
    所述铰链将所述振板的固定端铰接于所述固定框的内侧，所述铰链设置于固定框上，所述振板的固定端和固定框上分别设置有与所述铰链相匹配的凸起和凹槽。
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