WO2020136952A1 - ハロゲン化物の製造方法 - Google Patents
ハロゲン化物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020136952A1 WO2020136952A1 PCT/JP2019/025436 JP2019025436W WO2020136952A1 WO 2020136952 A1 WO2020136952 A1 WO 2020136952A1 JP 2019025436 W JP2019025436 W JP 2019025436W WO 2020136952 A1 WO2020136952 A1 WO 2020136952A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D15/00—Lithium compounds
- C01D15/04—Halides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F17/00—Compounds of rare earth metals
- C01F17/30—Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6
- C01F17/36—Compounds containing rare earth metals and at least one element other than a rare earth metal, oxygen or hydrogen, e.g. La4S3Br6 halogen being the only anion, e.g. NaYF4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/06—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of other non-metallic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
- H01M2300/0068—Solid electrolytes inorganic
- H01M2300/008—Halides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a halide.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a halide solid electrolyte.
- a method for producing a halide according to one aspect of the present disclosure is to use a mixed material, which is a material in which LiX, YZ 3, and at least one of LiX′ and YZ′ 3 , are mixed under an inert gas atmosphere.
- X is one element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I
- Z is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I. Is an element different from X
- X′ is an element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I
- X and Z is an element different from any of Z
- Z′ is one element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I, and is an element different from both X and Z
- the mixed material is fired at 200° C. or higher and 650° C. or lower.
- a halide can be manufactured by a method with high industrial productivity.
- 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing method in the first embodiment.
- 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing method in the first embodiment.
- 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing method in the first embodiment.
- It is a schematic diagram which shows the evaluation method of ionic conductivity. It is a graph which shows the evaluation result of ion conductivity by AC impedance measurement.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment.
- the manufacturing method in the first embodiment includes a firing step S1000.
- the firing step S1000 is a step of firing the mixed material in an inert gas atmosphere.
- the mixed material fired in the firing step S1000 is a material in which LiX and YZ 3 are mixed.
- X is one element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I.
- Z is one element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I.
- the mixed material is fired at 200° C. or higher and 650° C. or lower.
- a halide can be produced by a method with high industrial productivity (for example, a method that can be mass-produced at low cost). That is, a halogen containing Li (that is, lithium) and Y (that is, yttrium) is produced by a simple manufacturing method (that is, firing in an inert gas atmosphere) without using a vacuum sealed tube and a planetary ball mill. A compound can be produced.
- the powder of the mixed material may be put in a container (for example, a crucible) and fired in a heating furnace. At this time, a state in which the temperature of the mixed material is increased to “200° C. or higher and 650° C. or lower” in an inert gas atmosphere may be maintained for a predetermined time or longer.
- the firing time may be a time long enough not to cause compositional deviation of the fired product due to volatilization of the halide (that is, not to impair ionic conductivity of the fired product).
- helium, nitrogen, argon, etc. can be used as the inert gas.
- the fired product may be taken out of the container (eg, crucible) and crushed.
- the baked product may be crushed by a crushing device (for example, a mortar, a mixer, etc.).
- the mixed material in the present disclosure in addition to the LiX and YZ 3, other different material than the LiX and YZ 3 may be a were further mixed material.
- the mixed material may be a material in which M ⁇ A ⁇ is further mixed.
- M is Na, K, Ca, Mg, Sr, Ba, Zn, In, Sn, Bi, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, It contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of Tm, Yb, and Lu.
- A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I. Further, ⁇ >0 and ⁇ >0 are satisfied. According to the above configuration, the characteristics (for example, ionic conductivity) of the halide manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present disclosure can be improved.
- the mixed material may be a material in which at least one kind of LiF and YF 3 is further mixed. According to the above configuration, the characteristics (for example, ionic conductivity) of the halide manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present disclosure can be improved.
- the mixed material is a material in which a material in which a part of Li in LiX (or a part of Y in YZ 3 ) is substituted with a substituted cation species (for example, M described above) is mixed.
- the mixed material may be a material in which a material in which part of X in LiX (or part of Z in YZ 3 ) is replaced with F (that is, fluorine) is mixed.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment may further include a mixing step S1100.
- the mixing step S1100 is a step performed before the firing step S1000.
- the mixing step S1100 is a step in which a mixed material (that is, the material fired in the firing step S1000) is obtained by mixing the raw materials LiX and YZ 3 .
- LiX and YZ 3 may be weighed and mixed so as to have a desired molar ratio.
- the method of mixing the raw materials may be a method using a generally known mixing device (eg, mortar, blender, ball mill, etc.).
- a generally known mixing device eg, mortar, blender, ball mill, etc.
- the powders of the respective raw materials may be adjusted and mixed.
- the firing step S1000 the powdery mixed material may be fired.
- the powdery mixed material obtained in the mixing step S1100 may be shaped into pellets by uniaxial pressing.
- the firing step S1000 the halide may be produced by firing the pellet-shaped mixed material.
- a mixed material in addition to the LiX and YZ 3, different from the raw material and LiX and YZ 3 (e.g., the above-mentioned M ⁇ A ⁇ , LiF, YF 3, etc.) that is further mixed In, a mixed material may be obtained.
- a mixed material may be obtained by mixing “a raw material containing LiX as a main component” and “a raw material containing YZ 3 as a main component”.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an example of the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the manufacturing method according to the first embodiment may further include a preparatory step S1200.
- the preparation step S1200 is a step executed before the mixing step S1100.
- Preparation step S1200 is a step in which raw materials such as LiX and YZ 3 (that is, materials mixed in mixing step S1100) are prepared.
- raw materials such as LiX and YZ 3 may be obtained by performing material synthesis.
- a generally known commercially available product for example, a material having a purity of 99% or more
- a dried material may be used as the raw material.
- crystalline, lumpy, flaky, powdery or other raw material may be used.
- a powdery raw material may be obtained by crushing a crystalline, lumpy, or flake-shaped raw material.
- a raw material in which a part of Li in LiX (or a part of Y in YZ 3 ) is replaced with a substituted cation species (for example, M described above) may be prepared.
- a raw material in which part of X in LiX (or part of Z in YZ 3 ) is replaced with F (that is, fluorine) may be prepared.
- the halide produced by the production method of the present disclosure can be used as a solid electrolyte material.
- the solid electrolyte material may be, for example, a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte.
- the solid electrolyte material can be used, for example, as a solid electrolyte material used for an all-solid lithium secondary battery.
- the manufacturing method in the second embodiment further includes the following characteristics in addition to the characteristics of the manufacturing method in the first embodiment described above.
- the mixed material is a material in which at least one of LiX′ and YZ′ 3 is mixed in addition to LiX and YZ 3 .
- the mixed material may be a material in which LiX′ is further mixed in addition to LiX and YZ 3 .
- X′ is an element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I, and is an element different from both X and Z.
- Z is an element different from X.
- the mixed material that is fired in firing step S1000 of the manufacturing method in the second embodiment is a mixture of “LiCl (that is, lithium chloride), YBr 3 (that is, yttrium bromide), and LiI (that is, lithium iodide).
- LiCl that is, lithium chloride
- YBr 3 that is, yttrium bromide
- LiI that is, lithium iodide
- a mixed material or "a material in which LiBr (ie, lithium bromide), YI 3 (ie, yttrium iodide) and LiCl are mixed” or "LiI and YCl 3 (That is, a material in which yttrium chloride) and LiBr are mixed”.
- the firing step S1000 includes “a mixed material which is a material in which LiCl, YBr 3 and LiI are mixed” or “a material in which LiBr, YI 3 and LiCl are mixed. Or a mixed material which is a mixed material of LiI, YCl 3 and LiBr” in an inert gas atmosphere.
- a halide containing Li and Y that is, Cl, Br, and I
- a simple manufacturing method that is, firing in an inert gas atmosphere
- a compound containing can be produced.
- the mixed material may be a material in which LiZ is further mixed.
- a mixed material that is a material in which LiCl, YBr 3 , LiI, and LiBr are mixed” or “LiBr, YI 3 , LiCl, and LiI is The step of firing the mixed material that is a mixed material or the mixed material that is a material that is a mixture of LiI, YCl 3 , LiBr, and LiCl may be performed in an inert gas atmosphere.
- the mixing of LiZ it is possible to easily carry out the adjustment so that Li is more excessive with respect to Y. That is, the Li excess composition of the manufactured halide can be easily realized.
- the mixed material may be a material in which YZ′ 3 is further mixed in addition to LiX and YZ 3 .
- Z′ is one element selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I, and is an element different from both X and Z. Furthermore, Z is an element different from X.
- the mixed material fired in the firing step S1000 of the manufacturing method in the second embodiment is “a material in which LiCl, YBr 3, and YI 3 are mixed” or “LiBr, YI 3, and YCl 3 ”.
- a mixed material that is a material in which LiCl, YBr 3, and YI 3 are mixed or “LiBr, YI 3, and YCl 3 is mixed.
- This is a step of firing "a mixed material which is a mixed material” or "a mixed material which is a mixed material of LiI, YCl 3 and YBr 3 " in an inert gas atmosphere.
- a halide containing Li and Y that is, Cl, Br, and I
- a simple manufacturing method that is, firing in an inert gas atmosphere
- a compound containing can be produced.
- the mixed material may be a material in which YX 3 is further mixed.
- the firing step S1000 includes “a mixed material that is a material in which LiCl, YBr 3 , YI 3, and YCl 3 are mixed” or “LiBr, YI 3 , YCl 3, and YBR 3 and the mixed material is a material which is mixed "or” LiI and YCl 3 and YBR 3 and YI 3 and the mixed material is a material which is mixed ", in an inert gas atmosphere, there in firing May be.
- the mixed material may be a material in which both LiX′ and YZ′ 3 are further mixed in addition to LiX and YZ 3 .
- the mixed material may be a material in which at least one of LiZ and YX 3 is further mixed.
- the mixed material may be a material in which both LiZ and YX 3 are further mixed.
- the mixed material may be fired at 200° C. or higher and 500° C. or lower.
- the mixed material may be fired at 200° C. or higher and 500° C. or lower.
- the firing temperature to 200° C. or higher, “LiX, YZ 3 and LiX′” or “LiX, YZ 3 and YZ′ 3 ” can be sufficiently reacted.
- the firing temperature to 500° C. or lower, it is possible to suppress the thermal decomposition of the halide generated by the solid phase reaction.
- the ionic conductivity of the halide which is a fired product, can be further increased. That is, for example, a higher quality solid electrolyte of halide can be obtained.
- firing can be performed at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of LiI (that is, 500° C.), and decomposition of LiI can be suppressed (note that the melting point of LiBr is about 550° C., The decomposition of LiBr can also be suppressed). That is, the decomposition of LiBr and LiI before the completion of the solid phase reaction can be suppressed, and a compound having a desired composition can be synthesized.
- the mixed material may be fired at 380°C or higher (for example, 380°C or higher and 500°C or lower).
- 380°C or higher for example, 380°C or higher and 500°C or lower.
- the mixed material may be fired for 1 hour or more and 24 hours or less.
- the firing time it is possible to produce a halide having higher ionic conductivity by a method having high industrial productivity. That is, by setting the firing time to 1 hour or more, “LiX, YZ 3 and LiX′” or “LiX, YZ 3 and YZ′ 3 ” can be sufficiently reacted.
- the firing time it is possible to suppress volatilization of the halide, which is a fired product, and obtain a halide having a desired composition ratio of constituent elements (that is, it is possible to suppress composition deviation). ..
- the ionic conductivity of the halide, which is a fired product can be further increased. That is, for example, a higher quality solid electrolyte of halide can be obtained.
- the mixed material may be fired for 10 hours or less (for example, 1 hour or more and 10 hours or less).
- the firing time by setting the firing time to 10 hours or less, it is possible to further suppress volatilization of the halide, which is a fired product, and obtain a halide having a desired composition ratio of constituent elements (that is, The composition shift can be suppressed).
- the halide which is a fired product
- a halide having a desired composition ratio of constituent elements that is, The composition shift can be suppressed.
- M ⁇ Cl ⁇ that is, the above-described implementation
- a compound in which “A” of M ⁇ A ⁇ is Cl) or M ⁇ Br ⁇ that is, a compound in which “A” of M ⁇ A ⁇ in the above-mentioned first embodiment is Br
- M ⁇ A mixed material may be obtained by further mixing I ⁇ (that is, the compound in which “A” of M ⁇ A ⁇ in the above-described first embodiment is I).
- the M ⁇ Cl ⁇ , the M ⁇ Br ⁇ , or the M ⁇ I ⁇ may be prepared as one of the raw materials.
- a part of Li in LiX′ or LiZ (or a part of Y in YZ′ 3 or YX 3 ) is a substituted cation species (for example, the above-mentioned.
- the raw material substituted by M) in the first embodiment may be prepared.
- a raw material in which a part of X′ in LiX′ (or a part of Z′ in YZ′ 3 ) is replaced with F (that is, fluorine). May be prepared.
- a raw material in which a part of Z in LiZ (or a part of X in YX 3 ) is replaced with F (that is, fluorine) is prepared. Good.
- the halide manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present disclosure is manufactured and evaluated as a solid electrolyte material.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an evaluation method of ionic conductivity.
- the pressure molding die 200 is composed of an electronically insulating polycarbonate frame 201, and an electronically conductive stainless steel punch upper portion 203 and punch lower portion 202.
- Ionic conductivity was evaluated by the following method using the configuration shown in FIG.
- a solid electrolyte powder 100 which is a powder of the solid electrolyte material of Example 1 was filled in a pressure molding die 200 and uniaxially pressed at 300 MPa, and the conductivity measurement cell of Example 1 was obtained.
- the wires With the pressure applied, the wires are routed from the punch upper part 203 and the punch lower part 202, respectively, and connected to a potentiostat (Princeton Applied Research Co., VersaSTAT4) equipped with a frequency response analyzer, and an ion at room temperature is measured by an electrochemical impedance measuring method. The conductivity was measured.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing the evaluation result of ionic conductivity by AC impedance measurement. A Cole-Cole diagram of the impedance measurement result is shown in FIG.
- the value of the real part of the impedance at the measurement point (arrow in FIG. 5) where the absolute value of the phase of the complex impedance was the smallest was regarded as the resistance value for ionic conduction of the solid electrolyte of Example 1.
- ⁇ is the ionic conductivity
- S is the electrolyte area (the inner diameter of the frame 201 in FIG. 4)
- R SE is the resistance value of the solid electrolyte in the above impedance measurement
- t is the thickness of the electrolyte (in FIG. 4, the solid The thickness of the electrolyte powder 100).
- the ionic conductivity of the solid electrolyte material of Example 1 measured at 22° C. was 5.7 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 3 S/cm.
- Example 2 to 24> (Preparation of solid electrolyte material)
- Example 22 in an argon atmosphere having a dew point of ⁇ 60° C.
- Comparative Example 1 (Preparation of solid electrolyte material)
- the solid electrolyte material synthesized by the manufacturing method of the present disclosure exhibits high lithium ion conductivity. Moreover, the manufacturing method of this indication is a simple method and is a method with high industrial productivity.
- the manufacturing method of the present disclosure can be used, for example, as a method for manufacturing a solid electrolyte material.
- the solid electrolyte material manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present disclosure can be used as, for example, an all-solid lithium secondary battery.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、実施の形態1における製造方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。
実施の形態1における製造方法は、焼成工程S1000を包含する。
焼成工程S1000は、混合材料を、不活性ガス雰囲気下で、焼成する工程である。ここで、焼成工程S1000で焼成される混合材料は、LiXとYZ3とが混合された材料である。このとき、Xは、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択される1種の元素である。また、Zは、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択される1種の元素である。焼成工程S1000においては、混合材料は、200℃以上かつ650℃以下で、焼成される。
以上の構成によれば、本開示の製造方法により製造されるハロゲン化物の特性(例えば、イオン伝導性、など)を改善することができる。
以上の構成によれば、本開示の製造方法により製造されるハロゲン化物の特性(例えば、イオン伝導性、など)を改善することができる。
混合工程S1100は、原料となるLiXとYZ3とが混合されることで、混合材料(すなわち、焼成工程S1000において焼成される材料)が得られる工程である。
準備工程S1200は、LiXおよびYZ3などの原料(すなわち、混合工程S1100において混合される材料)が準備される工程である。
以下、実施の形態2が説明される。上述の実施の形態1と重複する説明は、適宜、省略される。
実施の形態2における製造方法においては、混合材料は、LiXとYZ3とに加えて、さらに、LiX’とYZ’3とのうちの少なくとも一方が混合された材料である。
以上の構成によれば、LiZの混合により、Yに対してLiをより過剰とする調整を、容易に実施できる。すなわち、製造されるハロゲン化物のLi過剰組成を、容易に実現できる。
以上の構成によれば、YX3の混合により、Yに対してLiをより欠損させる調整を、容易に実施できる。すなわち、製造されるハロゲン化物のLi欠損組成を、容易に実現できる。
以上の構成によれば、工業的に生産性の高い方法で、高いイオン伝導度を有するハロゲン化物を製造することができる。すなわち、焼成温度を200℃以上とすることで、「LiXとYZ3とLiX’」または「LiXとYZ3とYZ’3」を十分に反応させることができる。さらに、焼成温度を500℃以下とすることで、固相反応により生成したハロゲン化物の熱分解を抑制できる。これらにより、焼成物であるハロゲン化物のイオン伝導度を、より高めることができる。すなわち、例えば、より良質なハロゲン化物の固体電解質を得ることができる。
以上の構成によれば、工業的に生産性の高い方法で、より高いイオン伝導度を有するハロゲン化物を製造することができる。すなわち、焼成温度を380℃以上とすることで、焼成物であるハロゲン化物の結晶性を、より高くできる。これにより、焼成物であるハロゲン化物のイオン伝導度を、より高めることができる。すなわち、例えば、より良質なハロゲン化物の固体電解質を得ることができる。
以上の構成によれば、工業的に生産性の高い方法で、より高いイオン伝導度を有するハロゲン化物を製造することができる。すなわち、焼成時間を1時間以上とすることで、「LiXとYZ3とLiX’」または「LiXとYZ3とYZ’3」を十分に反応させることができる。さらに、焼成時間を24時間以下とすることで、焼成物であるハロゲン化物の揮発を抑制でき、所望の構成元素の組成比を有するハロゲン化物を得ることができる(すなわち、組成ずれを抑制できる)。これらにより、焼成物であるハロゲン化物のイオン伝導度を、より高めることができる。すなわち、例えば、より良質なハロゲン化物の固体電解質を得ることができる。
以上の構成によれば、焼成時間を10時間以下とすることで、焼成物であるハロゲン化物の揮発をさらに抑制でき、所望の構成元素の組成比を有するハロゲン化物を得ることができる(すなわち、組成ずれを抑制できる)。これにより、組成ずれに起因する、焼成物であるハロゲン化物のイオン伝導度の低下を、さらに抑制できる。
以下、実施例および参考例を用いて、本開示の詳細が説明される。これらは例示であって、本開示を制限するものではない。
なお、以下の例示においては、本開示の製造方法により製造されるハロゲン化物は、固体電解質材料として製造され、評価されている。
(固体電解質材料の作製)
露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiIとYBr3とYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiI:YBr3:YCl3=1:2:0.33:0.67となるように、秤量した。これらをメノウ製乳鉢で粉砕して混合した。その後、アルミナ製るつぼに入れて、アルゴン雰囲気中で440℃まで昇温し、1時間保持した。焼成後、メノウ製乳鉢により粉砕し、実施例1の固体電解質材料を作製した。
図4は、イオン伝導度の評価方法を示す模式図である。
加圧成形用ダイス200は、電子的に絶縁性のポリカーボネート製の枠型201と、電子伝導性のステンレス製のパンチ上部203およびパンチ下部202とから構成される。
加圧状態のまま、パンチ上部203とパンチ下部202のそれぞれから導線を取り回し、周波数応答アナライザを搭載したポテンショスタット(Princeton Applied Research社 VersaSTAT4)に接続し、電気化学的インピーダンス測定法により、室温におけるイオン伝導度の測定を行った。
σ=(RSE×S/t)-1 ・・・・ (1)
(固体電解質材料の作製)
実施例2~16においては、実施例1と同様に、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiIとYBr3とYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiI:YBr3:YCl3=1:2:0.33:0.67となるように、秤量した。
実施例17においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiClとLiIとYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiCl:LiI:YCl3=4:1:4:1となるように、秤量した。
実施例18においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiIとYBr3とYCl3とYI3とを、モル比でLiI:YBr3:YCl3:YI3=1.5:0.67:0.67:0.17となるように、秤量した。
実施例19においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiIとYBr3とYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiI:YBr3:YCl3=1.35:1.65:0.33:0.67となるように、秤量した。
実施例20においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiIとYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiI:YCl3=2:1:1となるように秤量した。
実施例21においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiClとLiIとYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiCl:LiI:YCl3=4:1:1:2となるように、秤量した。
実施例22においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiClとLiIとYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiCl:LiI:YCl3=1:1:1:1となるように秤量した。
実施例23においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiClとLiIとYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiCl:LiI:YCl3=1:1.5:0.5:1となるように秤量した。
実施例24においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気で、LiBrとLiClとLiIとYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiCl:LiI:YCl3=0.5:2:0.5:1となるように秤量した。
各焼成条件にて焼成後、メノウ製乳鉢で粉砕し、実施例2~24のそれぞれの固体電解質材料を作製した。
上記の実施例1と同様の方法で、実施例2~24のそれぞれの伝導度測定セルを作製し、イオン伝導度の測定を実施した。
(固体電解質材料の作製)
比較例1においては、露点-60℃以下のアルゴン雰囲気下で、LiBrとLiIとYBr3とYCl3とを、モル比でLiBr:LiI:YBr3:YCl3=1:2:0.33:0.67となるように、秤量した。これらをメノウ製乳鉢で粉砕して混合した。その後、アルミナ製るつぼに入れて、アルゴン雰囲気中で150℃まで昇温し、1時間保持した。
焼成後、メノウ製乳鉢により粉砕し、比較例1の固体電解質材料を作製した。
上記の実施例1と同様の方法で、比較例1の伝導度測定セルを作製し、イオン伝導度の測定を実施した。
上述の実施例1~24および比較例1における各構成と各評価結果とが、表1に示される。
比較例1のように、焼成温度が150℃の場合においては、室温付近において、3.4×10-8S/cmと低いイオン伝導性を示す。これは、焼成温度が150℃の場合では、固相反応が不十分であるためと考えられる。対して、実施例1~24は、室温近傍において、5.2×10-5S/cm以上の高いイオン伝導性を示すことがわかる。また、焼成温度が380~500℃の範囲の場合に、より高いイオン伝導性を示す。これは、高い結晶性の固体電解質が実現できているためと考えられる。
200 加圧成形用ダイス
201 枠型
202 パンチ下部
203 パンチ上部
Claims (11)
- LiXと、YZ3と、LiX’とYZ’3とのうちの少なくとも一方と、が混合された材料である混合材料を、不活性ガス雰囲気下で、焼成する焼成工程、を包含し、
前記Xは、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択される1種の元素であり、
前記Zは、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択される1種の元素であり、かつ、前記Xとは異なる元素であり、
前記X’は、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択される1種の元素であり、かつ、前記Xおよび前記Zのいずれとも異なる元素であり、
前記Z’は、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択される1種の元素であり、かつ、前記Xおよび前記Zのいずれとも異なる元素であり、 前記焼成工程においては、前記混合材料は、200℃以上かつ650℃以下で、焼成される、ハロゲン化物の製造方法。 - 前記混合材料は、LiX’が混合された材料である、請求項1に記載の製造方法。
- 前記混合材料は、さらに、LiZが混合された材料である、請求項2に記載の製造方法。
- 前記混合材料は、YZ’3が混合された材料である、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記混合材料は、さらに、YX3が混合された材料である、請求項4に記載の製造方法。
- 前記焼成工程においては、前記混合材料は、200℃以上かつ500℃以下で、焼成される、請求項2から5のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記焼成工程においては、前記混合材料は、380℃以上で、焼成される、請求項6に記載の製造方法。
- 前記焼成工程においては、前記混合材料は、1時間以上かつ24時間以下、焼成される、請求項2から7のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
- 前記焼成工程においては、前記混合材料は、10時間以下、焼成される、請求項8に記載の製造方法。
- 前記混合材料は、さらに、MαAβが混合された材料であり、
前記Mは、Na、K、Ca、Mg、Sr、Ba、Zn、In、Sn、Bi、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Pm、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、およびLuからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素を含み、
前記Aは、Cl、Br、およびIからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素であり、
α>0、かつ、β>0、が満たされる、請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。 - 前記混合材料は、さらに、LiFとYF3とのうちの少なくとも1種が混合された材料である、請求項1から10のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法。
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