WO2020179377A1 - 圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末および圧粉磁芯 - Google Patents
圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末および圧粉磁芯 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020179377A1 WO2020179377A1 PCT/JP2020/005168 JP2020005168W WO2020179377A1 WO 2020179377 A1 WO2020179377 A1 WO 2020179377A1 JP 2020005168 W JP2020005168 W JP 2020005168W WO 2020179377 A1 WO2020179377 A1 WO 2020179377A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
- H01F3/08—Cores, Yokes, or armatures made from powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
- C23C22/20—Orthophosphates containing aluminium cations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
- H01F1/22—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together
- H01F1/24—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated
- H01F1/26—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder pressed, sintered, or bound together the particles being insulated by macromolecular organic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/24—Magnetic cores
- H01F27/255—Magnetic cores made from particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/241—Chemical after-treatment on the surface
- B22F2003/242—Coating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C2202/00—Physical properties
- C22C2202/02—Magnetic
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an iron-based powder for a dust core and a dust core using the iron-based powder for a dust core.
- the powder metallurgy method Compared to the melting method, the powder metallurgy method has higher dimensional accuracy even in the production of parts with complicated shapes, and because there is less waste of raw materials, it is applied to the production of various parts.
- Examples of products manufactured by the powder metallurgy method include powder magnetic cores.
- the dust core is a magnetic core manufactured by pressure-molding powder, and is used for an iron core of a motor or the like.
- Patent Document 1 proposes a powder for powder metallurgy in which particles in three particle size ranges are mixed at a predetermined ratio. According to Patent Document 1, the powder for powder metallurgy has excellent compressibility, and thus a high green compact density can be obtained. Further, Patent Document 1 also describes that, among the powders contained in the powder metallurgy powder, the compressibility of the powder can be further improved by making the particle shape of the fine powder having a particle size of 1 to 20 ⁇ m spherical. Has been done.
- Patent Documents 2 and 3 propose iron-based powders for powder metallurgy having an apparent density of 4.0 to 5.0 g/cm 3 .
- Patent Document 1 in order to further improve the compressibility, only the particle shape of the fine powder is focused, and the particle shape of the coarse powder is not considered. In reality, the shape of the coarse powder also affects the friction between the coarse particles and the fine particles, so it is not sufficient to consider the shape of the fine powder in order to improve the apparent density of the powder.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides an iron-based powder for a dust core capable of producing a powder core having a high apparent density and a high powder density.
- the purpose is to Another object of the present invention is to provide a dust core having excellent magnetic characteristics (low iron loss and high saturation magnetic flux density).
- the present invention is based on the above findings, and its gist structure is as follows.
- Iron-based powder for compaction core The maximum particle size is 1 mm or less, The median circularity of the particles constituting the iron-based powder for the dust core is 0.40 or more.
- the iron-based powder for a dust core of the present invention has a high apparent density, which makes it possible to manufacture a dust core having a high dust density. Further, the iron-based powder for a dust core of the present invention does not need to be produced by mixing powders once classified in a specific ratio like the powders proposed in Patent Documents 2 and 3. Furthermore, the dust core obtained by using the iron-based powder for dust core of the present invention has excellent magnetic characteristics (low iron loss, high saturation magnetic flux density).
- the iron-based powder for dust core in one embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “iron-based powder”) has a maximum particle size of 1 mm or less, and the iron-based powder for dust core is The iron-based powder for dust core has a median circularity of the constituent particles of 0.40 or more and an even number in the Rosin-Rammler equation of 0.30 or more and 90.0 or less.
- the "iron-based powder” refers to a metal powder containing 50% by mass or more of Fe.
- iron powder refers to a powder composed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. In this technical field, iron powder is also referred to as "pure iron powder”.
- alloy steel powder refers to powder containing an alloy element and the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities.
- alloy steel powder for example, pre-alloy steel powder can be used.
- alloying element contained in the alloy steel powder for example, 1 or 2 or more selected from the group consisting of Si, B, P, Cu, Nb, Ag, and Mo can be used.
- the content of the alloying element is not particularly limited, but the Si content is 0 to 8 atomic%, the P content is 0 to 10 atomic%, the Cu content is 0 to 2 atomic%, and the Nb content is 0 to 5 atomic%.
- the Ag content is preferably 0 to 1 atomic%, and the Mo content is preferably 0 to 1 atomic%.
- the maximum particle size of the iron-based powder for dust core is 1 mm or less. This is because when the iron-based powder contains particles having a particle size of more than 1 mm, the loss due to the eddy current generated in the particles is large, and the iron loss of the dust core is also large.
- the maximum particle size is preferably 400 ⁇ m or less.
- the iron-based powder for dust core of the present invention does not contain particles having a particle size of more than 1 mm (volume ratio is 0%). Further, it is preferable that the iron-based powder for the dust core does not contain particles having a particle size of more than 400 ⁇ m (volume ratio is 0%).
- the lower limit of the maximum particle size is not particularly limited. However, if the iron-based powder is too fine, agglomeration easily occurs, and it becomes difficult to uniformly form the insulating coating. Therefore, from the viewpoint of preventing aggregation, the maximum particle size is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 10 ⁇ m or more. The maximum particle size can be measured by a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device.
- the median circularity of the particles constituting the iron-based powder for the dust core is set to 0.40 or more.
- the median circularity is 0.40 or more, the particles easily move when the powder is filled in the mold, and also during the pressure molding, between the particles and between the particles and the wall surface of the mold. Since there is little friction, it is possible to obtain a high green compact density.
- the median value of circularity is preferably 0.50 or more, more preferably 0.60 or more, further preferably 0.70 or more, and most preferably 0.80 or more.
- the upper limit of the circularity is not particularly limited.
- the upper limit of circularity is 1. Therefore, the median value of the circularity may be 1 or less. Since the average value of the circularity is greatly affected by the value of the particles having a large circularity, it is not suitable as an index showing the circularity of the entire powder. Therefore, in the present invention, the median value of circularity is used.
- the circularity of the particles constituting the iron-based powder for the dust core and its median value can be measured by the following method.
- the circularity ⁇ (dimensionless) of one particle can be calculated from the projected area A and the perimeter length P of the particle using the following formula (1).
- the resulting individual at the time of arranging the circularity phi in ascending order of the particle was, the central value as the median value phi 50 of circularity.
- the number of particles to be measured is 60,000 or more. More specifically, the median of circularity can be obtained by the method described in the example.
- the equivalent number in the Rossin-Rammler formula is set to 0.30 or more and 90.0 or less.
- the uniform number calculated from the particle size distribution of the iron-based powder for dust core using the Rossin-Rammler equation is set to 0.30 to 90.0.
- the uniform number is an index representing the breadth of the particle size distribution, and the larger the uniform number, the narrower the particle size distribution, that is, the more uniform the particle size.
- the uniform number is excessively small, that is, if the particle size of the particles constituting the iron-based powder for the dust core is excessively non-uniform, the number of fine particles adhering to the surface of the coarse particles increases, and coarse particles are formed. The fine particles that enter the spaces between the particles are reduced. As a result, the apparent density and the green compact density decrease. Further, when the uniform number is excessively small, the fine particles are biased downward through the gaps formed by the coarse particles, and the fine particles are gathered in the gaps of the coarse particles, so that the particle size segregation becomes remarkable.
- the uniform number is excessively large, the particle size becomes excessively uniform, and as a result, the number of fine particles entering the gaps between the coarse particles decreases, and the apparent density and the powder density also decrease. Therefore, in order to realize high apparent density and green density, it is necessary to set the uniform number to 0.30 or more and 90.0 or less.
- the uniform number is preferably 2.00 or more, more preferably 10.0 or more, and further preferably 30.0 or more.
- the uniform number n can be obtained by the following method.
- the uniform number n can be obtained by linearly approximating the actual particle size distribution of the soft magnetic powder measured using the laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device using the above equation (3).
- the Rosin-Rammler equation holds for powder particles produced only when the correlation coefficient r of the linear approximation is 0.7 or more, which is generally considered to have a strong correlation, and the slope is applied as an equal number. To do. Further, in order to ensure the accuracy of the uniform number, the powder is divided into 10 or more particle size ranges at the upper and lower limits of the particle size measured, and the volume ratio in each particle size range is measured by a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device. , Rosin-Rammler equation.
- the iron-based powder for dust core of the present invention can achieve a high apparent density.
- the specific apparent density is not particularly limited, but the iron-based powder for dust core in one embodiment of the present invention has an apparent density of 2.50 g/cm 3 or more. Further, the but apparent also not particularly limited on the upper limit of the density, the apparent density may be at 5.00 g / cm 3 or less, or may be 4.50 g / cm 3 or less.
- the iron-based powder for the dust core further satisfies at least one of the following conditions (A) and (B). By satisfying at least one of these conditions, a higher apparent density of 3.70 g / cm 3 or more can be achieved.
- A) The median value of the circularity is 0.70 or more and the even number is 0.30 or more and 90.0 or less.
- the median value of the circularity is 0.40 or more and the even number is 0.60. Above, below 90.0
- the uniform number is preferably 0.30 or more and 90.0 or less.
- the uniform number is 0.60 or more and 90.0 or less. ..
- the iron-based powder can be produced by an atomizing method.
- the atomizing method either a water atomizing method or a gas atomizing method can be used.
- the iron-based powder may be produced by a method of processing the powder obtained by the pulverization method or the oxide reduction method.
- the iron-based powder for dust core is preferably atomized powder, and more preferably water atomized powder or gas atomized powder.
- the manufacturing conditions of the iron-based powder can be controlled in order to control the median value of the circularity and the uniform number within the above range.
- the water atomizing method it can be manufactured by controlling the water pressure of water to be collided with molten steel, the water/molten steel flow rate ratio, and the molten steel injection rate.
- the iron-based powder in order to make the median value of the circularity within the above range, can be manufactured by the low pressure atomization method.
- the particles are work hardened and the consolidation becomes difficult. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the strain relief annealing after the working.
- the equal number of the produced iron-based powder is less than 0.30, it is equalized by removing particles with a certain particle size or less and particles with a certain particle size or more using a sieve specified in JIS Z8801-1. The number may be increased. If the equal number is greater than 90.0, mix iron-based powders with a median circularity of 0.40 or more and different particle sizes, or use a sieve to exclude particles in a certain particle size range. Therefore, an operation of decreasing the even number may be performed.
- the iron-based powder for powder magnetic cores of the present invention can have an insulating coating on the surface of the particles constituting the iron-based powder for powder magnetic cores.
- the powder in one embodiment of the present invention may be a coated iron-based powder for a compact magnetic core having an insulating coating on the surface.
- any coating can be used as the insulating coating.
- the insulating coating for example, one or both of the inorganic insulating coating and the organic insulating coating can be used.
- a coating containing an aluminum compound is preferably used, and a coating containing aluminum phosphate is more preferably used.
- the inorganic insulating coating may be a chemical conversion coating.
- An organic resin coating is preferably used as the organic insulating coating.
- As the organic resin film for example, a film containing at least one selected from the group consisting of silicone resin, phenol resin, epoxy resin, polyamide resin, and polyimide resin is preferably used, and a film containing a silicone resin. Is more preferably used.
- the insulating coating may be a one-layer coating or a multilayer coating composed of two or more layers.
- the multilayer coating may be a multilayer coating composed of the same type of coating, or may be a multilayer coating composed of different types of coatings.
- silicone resin examples include SH805, SH806A, SH840, SH997, SR620, SR2306, SR2309, SR2310, SR2316, DC12577, SR2400, SR2402, SR2404, SR2405, SR2406, SR2410, SR2411 manufactured by Toray Dow Corning Co., Ltd. , SR2416, SR2420, SR2107, SR2115, SR2145, SH6018, DC-2230, DC3037, QP8-5314, and KR-251, KR-255, KR-114A, KR-112, KR-, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- any compound containing aluminum can be used, and for example, one or two or more selected from the group consisting of aluminum phosphates, nitrates, acetates, and hydroxides may be used. Is preferred.
- the coating containing the aluminum compound may be a coating mainly composed of the aluminum compound or may be a coating composed of the aluminum compound. Further, the coating film may further contain a metal compound containing a metal other than aluminum.
- the metal other than aluminum for example, 1 or 2 selected from the group consisting of Mg, Mn, Zn, Co, Ti, Sn, Ni, Fe, Zr, Sr, Y, Cu, Ca, V, and Ba. The above can be used.
- examples of the metal compound containing a metal other than aluminum include one or two or more selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, nitrates, acetates, and hydroxides.
- the metal compound is preferably soluble in a solvent such as water, and more preferably a water-soluble metal salt.
- P/M is 1 or more, the chemical reaction on the surface of the iron-based powder at the time of forming the coating sufficiently progresses, and the adhesion of the coating improves. Therefore, the strength and insulating property of the green compact are further improved.
- P/M is less than 10, free phosphoric acid does not remain after the coating is formed, so that the corrosion of the iron-based powder can be prevented.
- the P / M is more preferably 1 to 5. In order to effectively prevent the dispersion and instability of the specific resistance, it is more preferable that P/M is 2 to 3.
- ⁇ is more preferably 0.4 to 1.0, and even more preferably 0.8 to 1.0.
- the coating amount of the insulating coating is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.010 to 10.0 mass %. If the coating amount is less than 0.010% by mass, the coating becomes non-uniform and the insulating property is deteriorated. On the other hand, if it exceeds 10.0 mass %, the proportion of the iron-based powder in the dust core decreases, and the strength of the compact and the magnetic flux density remarkably decrease.
- the said coating amount shall refer to the value defined by the following formula.
- Coating amount (mass %) (mass of insulating coating)/(mass of the part of the iron-base powder for dust core except the insulating coating) ⁇ 100
- the iron-based powder for a dust core of the present invention may further include at least one substance different from the above-mentioned insulating coating in the insulating coating, under the insulating coating, and above the insulating coating.
- the substance include a surfactant for improving wettability, a binder for binding between particles, an additive for pH adjustment, and the like.
- the total amount of the substance with respect to the entire insulating coating is preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the insulating coating can be formed by any method without particular limitation, but it is preferably formed by a wet treatment.
- the wet treatment include a method of mixing a treatment liquid for forming an insulating coating and an iron-based powder.
- the mixing is performed by, for example, a method of stirring and mixing the iron-based powder and the treatment solution in a tank such as an attritor or a Henschel mixer, or by supplying the treatment solution with the iron-based powder in a fluid state by a rolling fluid type coating device or the like. It is preferable to carry out by a method such as mixing.
- the entire amount may be supplied before or immediately after the start of mixing, or may be supplied in several batches during mixing. Further, the treatment liquid may be continuously supplied during mixing using a droplet supply device, a spray, or the like.
- the treatment liquid is supplied by using a spray. This is because the treatment solution can be uniformly sprayed over the entire iron-based powder by using a spray. If a spray is used, the diameter of the spray droplet can be reduced to about 10 ⁇ m or less by adjusting the spray conditions. As a result, the coating can be prevented from becoming excessively thick, and a uniform and thin insulating coating can be formed on the iron-based powder.
- a flow tank such as a flow granulator or a rolling granulator and a stirring type mixer such as a Henschel mixer, there is an advantage that agglomeration of powders is suppressed.
- the dust core in one embodiment of the present invention is a powder core made of the iron-based powder for the powder core.
- the method for producing the dust core is not particularly limited, and it can be formed by any method.
- a powder magnetic core can be obtained by charging the iron-based powder having the above-mentioned insulating coating into a mold and press-molding it into a desired size and shape.
- the pressure molding can be performed by any method without particular limitation.
- any ordinary molding method such as a room temperature molding method or a mold lubrication molding method can be applied.
- the molding pressure is appropriately determined according to the application, but the preferable molding pressure is 490 MPa or more, more preferably 686 MPa or more.
- a lubricant can be optionally applied to the mold wall surface or added to the iron-based powder.
- the friction between the mold and the powder during pressure molding can be reduced, the decrease in the density of the molded body can be further suppressed, and the friction when the molded body is taken out from the mold can also be reduced.
- Preferred lubricants include metal soaps such as lithium stearate, zinc stearate and calcium stearate, and waxes such as fatty acid amides.
- Heat treatment may be applied to the obtained dust core.
- the heat treatment conditions can be appropriately determined, but the temperature is preferably 200 to 700 ° C. and the time is preferably 5 to 300 minutes.
- the heat treatment can be performed in any atmosphere such as the air, an inert atmosphere, a reducing atmosphere, or a vacuum. It is also possible to provide a step of holding the temperature at a constant temperature when the temperature rises or falls during the heat treatment.
- the present invention will be described in more detail based on Examples.
- the present invention is not limited by the following examples, and can be appropriately modified within a range that can be adapted to the gist of the present invention, all of which are included in the technical scope of the present invention. Be done.
- Example 1 Iron powder (pure iron powder) having a maximum particle size of 1 mm or less was produced by using a water atomizing method. The obtained iron powder was annealed in hydrogen at 850° C. for 1 hour. In the production of iron powder by the water atomization method, the temperature of molten steel used, the amount of water to be collided and the pressure were changed to obtain iron powder having different circularity and even number.
- the median circularity, the uniform number, and the apparent density were evaluated by the following methods.
- the median of circularity of each obtained powder was measured. In the measurement, first, the powder was dispersed on a glass plate and observed with a microscope from above to take an image of the particles. The images were taken for 60,000 particles or more per sample. The captured particle image was taken into a computer and analyzed, and the projected area A of each particle and the peripheral length P of each particle were calculated. The circularity ⁇ of each particle was calculated from the obtained projected area A and the perimeter P, and the median circularity ⁇ 50 was calculated from the circularity of all observed particles.
- the apparent density of each of the obtained powders was measured by the test method specified in JIS Z 2504. The measured apparent density values were used to determine the apparent density assessment based on the following criteria: Ryo: 3.70g / cm 3 or more • Allowed: 2.50g / cm 3 or more, 3.70 g / cm 3 less than - not: 2.50g / cm less than 3
- an insulating coating made of a silicone resin (KR-311 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was formed on the surface of the iron powder by a wet coating treatment method. Specifically, a rolling fluidized bed type coating device was used to spray the surface of the iron powder with a treatment liquid for forming an insulating coating to carry out an insulating coating to obtain coated iron powder.
- a silicone resin having a resin content of 60% by mass diluted with xylene was used, and coating was performed so that the coating amount of the insulating coating on the iron powder was 3% by mass. After spraying, the fluid state was maintained for 10 hours for drying. After drying, heat treatment was performed at 150° C. for 60 minutes to cure the resin.
- the powder density of each of the obtained powder magnetic cores was determined.
- the dust density was calculated by measuring the mass of the dust core and dividing the mass by the volume calculated from the dimensions of the dust core.
- Magnetic characteristics A coil was wound around the obtained dust core, and the magnetic flux density at a magnetic field strength of 10,000 A/m was measured using a DC magnetic property measuring device manufactured by Metron Giken. The number of turns of the coil was 100 turns on the primary side and 20 turns on the secondary side. Further, the iron loss at a maximum magnetic flux density of 0.05 T and a frequency of 30 kHz was measured using a high-frequency iron loss measuring device. The measured iron loss values were used to determine the evaluation of magnetic properties based on the following criteria. Ryo: 150kW / m 3 or less • Allowed: 151kW / m 3 or more, 200kW / m 3 less than ⁇ not: 200kW / m 3 or more
- Table 1 shows the evaluation results. From Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Inventive Example 1, in the case of the powder having ⁇ 50 of 0.40 or more and n of 0.30 or more, the apparent density becomes 2.50 g/cm 3 or more, and a high green compact density can be obtained. I understand. Further, the powder magnetic core obtained by using the powder satisfying the above conditions had excellent magnetic characteristics such as a magnetic flux density of 1.6 T or more and an iron loss of 200 kW/m 3 or less.
- ⁇ 50 is 0.40 or more and n is 0.60 or more, or ⁇ 50 is 0.70 or more and n is 0.30. From the above, it can be seen that the apparent density is further increased to 3.70 g / cm 3 or more, and further high-pressure powder density and high magnetic properties can be achieved.
- Example 2 In order to evaluate the influence of the maximum particle size, iron-based powders for dust cores having the same number as the median of the circularity but the same number but different ratios of particles having a particle size of more than 1 mm were prepared, The eddy current loss was evaluated. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1 above.
- the ratio of particles having a particle size of more than 1 mm was measured by the following procedure. First, iron-based powder for a compact magnetic core was added to ethanol as a solvent, and ultrasonic vibration was applied for 1 minute to disperse the samples. Next, using the sample, the particle size distribution of the iron-based powder for the dust core was measured on a volume basis. A laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring machine (LA-950V2, manufactured by HORIBA, Ltd.) was used for the measurement. From the obtained particle size distribution, the ratio of particles having a particle size of more than 1 mm was calculated. The proportion of particles having a particle size of more than 400 ⁇ m was also determined by the same method. The measurement results are shown in Table 2.
- Example 3 In order to evaluate the influence of the coating amount of the insulating coating, iron for dust core having a maximum particle size of 1 mm or less and the same number as the median of circularity but different coating amount A base powder was prepared and magnetic properties were evaluated. The other conditions and the magnetic property evaluation method were the same as in Example 1.
- the coating amount of the insulating coating is preferably 0.01 to 10% by mass.
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Abstract
Description
最大粒径が1mm以下であり、
前記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を構成する粒子の円形度の中央値が0.40以上であり、
Rosin-Rammlerの式における均等数が0.30以上、90.0以下である、圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末。
(A)前記円形度の中央値が0.70以上かつ前記均等数が0.30以上、90.0以下
(B)前記円形度の中央値が0.40以上かつ前記均等数が0.60以上、90.0以下
本発明の一実施形態における圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末(以下、「鉄基粉末」と言う場合がある)は、最大粒径が1mm以下であり、前記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を構成する粒子の円形度の中央値が0.40以上であり、Rosin-Rammlerの式における均等数が0.30以上、90.0以下である、圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末である。ここで、「鉄基粉末」とは、50質量%以上のFeを含む金属粉末を指すものとする。
圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末の最大粒径は1mm以下とする。鉄基粉末に粒径が1mmより大きな粒子が含まれる場合、粒子内に発生する渦電流による損失が大きいため、圧粉磁芯の鉄損も大きくなるためである。前記最大粒径は、400μm以下とすることが好ましい。言い換えると、本発明の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末は、粒径1mm超の粒子を含有しない(体積割合が0%である)。また、圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末が、粒径400μm超の粒子を含有しない(体積割合が0%である)ことが好ましい。
本発明においては、前記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を構成する粒子の円形度の中央値を0.40以上とする。円形度が高い、すなわち粒子の形状が球に近いほど、粒子間の接触面積が少なくなるとともに、粒子間の付着要因の一つである機械的なからみあいが減少し、粒子間の摩擦が少なくなる。そのため、円形度の中央値を0.40以上とすることにより、自然充填時の密度である見掛密度を向上させることができる。また、円形度の中央値が0.40以上であれば、金型へ粉末を充填する際に粒子が移動しやすいことに加え、加圧成形時にも粒子間および粒子と金型壁面との間の摩擦が少ないため、高い圧粉密度を得ることができる。円形度の中央値は、0.50以上であることが好ましく、0.60以上であることがより好ましく、0.70以上であることがさらに好ましく、0.80以上であることが最も好ましい。
φ=4πA/P2…(1)
本発明の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末においては、Rosin-Rammlerの式における均等数を0.30以上、90.0以下とする。言い換えると、圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末の粒度分布からRosin-Rammlerの式を用いて算出される均等数を0.30~90.0とする。なお、均等数は、粒度分布の広さを表す指標であり、均等数が大きい値ほど粒度分布が狭い、つまり粒径が均一であることを意味する。
R=100exp{-(d/c)n}…(2)
d(m):粒径
R(%):粒径d以上の粒子の体積割合
c(m):R=36.8%に相当する粒径
n(-):均等数
ln{ln(100/R)}=n×ln d-n×ln c…(3)
最大粒径、円形度の中央値、および均等数が、それぞれ上記条件を満たすことにより、本発明の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末は、高い見掛密度を達成することができる。具体的な見掛密度は特に限定されないが、本願発明の一実施形態における圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末は、2.50g/cm3以上の見掛密度を有する。また、前記見掛密度の上限についても特に限定されないが、前記見掛密度は5.00g/cm3以下であってよく、4.50g/cm3以下であってもよい。
(A)前記円形度の中央値が0.70以上かつ前記均等数が0.30以上、90.0以下
(B)前記円形度の中央値が0.40以上かつ前記均等数が0.60以上、90.0以下
次に、本発明の一実施形態における上記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末の製造方法について説明する。なお、以下の説明は製造方法の一例を示すものであって、本発明は以下の説明に限定されるものではない。
本発明の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末は、該圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を構成する粒子の表面に絶縁被覆を備えることができる。言い換えると、本発明の一実施形態における粉末は、表面に絶縁被覆を備えた圧粉磁芯用被覆鉄基粉末であってよい。
被覆量(質量%)=(絶縁被覆の質量)/(圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末のうち、絶縁被覆を除く部分の質量)×100
前記絶縁被覆は、特に限定されることなく任意の方法で形成することができるが、湿式処理により形成することが好ましい。前記湿式処理としては、例えば、絶縁被覆形成用処理液と鉄基粉末とを混合する方法が挙げられる。前記混合は、例えば、アトライターまたはヘンシェルミキサーなどの槽内で鉄基粉末と処理溶液とを撹拌混合する方法や、転動流動型被覆装置等により鉄基粉末を流動状態として処理溶液を供給して混合する方法などで行うことが好ましい。鉄基粉末への溶液の供給は、混合開始前または開始直後に全量を供給してもよく、混合中に数回に分けて供給してもよい。また、液滴供給装置、スプレーなどを用いて、混合中に継続して処理液を供給しても良い。
本発明の一実施形態における圧粉磁芯は、上記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を用いてなる圧粉磁芯である。
最大粒径が1mm以下の鉄粉(純鉄粉)を、水アトマイズ法を用いて製造した。得られた鉄粉に対して、水素中で850℃、1時間の焼鈍処理を施した。なお、水アトマイズ法による鉄粉の製造の際には、使用する溶鋼の温度、衝突させる水の量および圧力を変化させることにより、異なる円形度および均等数を有する鉄粉を得た。
得られた各粉末の、円形度の中央値を測定した。前記測定においては、まず、ガラス板上に粉末を分散させ、上方から顕微鏡により観察して粒子の画像を撮影した。前記画像の撮影は、1試料あたり6万個以上の粒子について行った。撮影した粒子画像をコンピュータに取り込んで解析し、各粒子の投影面積Aおよび各粒子の周囲長さPを算出した。得られた投影面積Aおよび周囲長さPから、各粒子の円形度φを算出し、観察した全粒子の円形度から、円形度の中央値φ50を算出した。
得られた各粉末の一部をとりわけ、エタノール中に粉末を分散させてレーザー回折式粒度分布測定により、各粒径における体積割合(体積頻度)を測定した。次に、Rosin-Rammlerの式を、自然対数を用いて変形した下記の式に適用し、X軸にln(d)、Y軸にln{ln(100/R)}の値をとったプロット作成した。前記プロットを直線近似し、直線の傾きで表されるものを均等数とした。なお、直線近似の相関係数rが一般的に強い相関があるとされる0.7以上の時のみ作製した粉末粒子においてRosin-Rammlerの式が成立するとし、その傾きを均等数nとした。
ln{ln(100/R)}=n×ln(d)-n×ln(c)
得られた各粉末について、JIS Z 2504に規定される試験方法により、見掛密度を測定した。測定された見掛密度の値を使用し、以下の基準に基づいて見掛密度の評価を決定した。
・良:3.70g/cm3以上
・可:2.50g/cm3以上、3.70 g/cm3未満
・不可:2.50g/cm3未満
次に、鉄粉の表面に湿式被覆処理法によりシリコーン樹脂(信越化学工業株式会社製 KR-311)からなる絶縁被覆を形成した。具体的には、転動流動層式被覆装置を用い、鉄粉の表面に絶縁被覆形成用処理液を噴霧して絶縁被覆を施し、被覆鉄粉とした。前記絶縁被覆形成用処理液としては、樹脂分60質量%のシリコーン樹脂をキシレンにより希釈したものを使用し、鉄粉に対する絶縁被覆の被覆量が3質量%となるように被覆を行った。噴霧終了後、乾燥のため10時間流動状態を維持した。乾燥後、樹脂硬化のため150℃で60分間の熱処理を行った。
次に、これら被覆鉄基粉末を、ステアリン酸リチウムを塗布した金型に充填し、加圧成形して環状(トロイダル状)の圧粉磁芯(外径38mm、内径25mm、高さ6mm)とした。成形圧力は1470MPaとし、1回で成形した。
得られた圧粉磁芯それぞれの圧粉密度を求めた。前記圧粉密度は、圧粉磁芯の質量を測定し、該質量を、圧粉磁芯の寸法から算出した体積で割ることにより算出した。
得られた圧粉磁芯にコイルを巻き付け、メトロン技研製の直流磁気特性測定装置を用いて磁界の強さ:10000A/mにおける磁束密度を測定した。前記コイルの巻き数は、一次側:100ターン、二次側:20ターンとした。また、高周波鉄損測定装置を用いて、最大磁束密度:0.05T、周波数:30kHzにおける鉄損を測定した。測定された鉄損の値を使用し、以下の基準に基づいて磁気特性の評価を決定した。
・良:150kW/m3以下
・可:151kW/m3以上、200kW/m3未満
・不可:200kW/m3以上
次に、最大粒径の影響を評価するために、円形度の中央値と均等数が同じであるが、粒径1mm超の粒子の割合が異なる圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を作製し、渦電流損を評価した。なお、その他の条件は上記実施例1と同様とした。
粒径1mm超の粒子の割合は、以下の手順で測定した。まず、圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を溶媒としてのエタノールに添加し、1分間の超音波振動を付与することにより分散させて試料とした。次いで、前記試料を用いて、前記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末の体積基準での粒度分布を測定した。前記測定には、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定機(株式会社堀場製作所製、LA-950V2)を使用した。得られた粒度分布より、粒径1mm超の粒子の割合を算出した。なお、同様の方法で、粒径400μm超の粒子の割合も求めた。測定結果を表2に示す。
実施例1と同様の手順で、直流磁気特性測定装置を用いた磁気特性の測定を行い、得られた結果よりヒステリシス損を求めた。具体的には、最大磁束密度:0.05T、周波数:30kHzにおける鉄損とヒステリシス損を測定し、鉄損からヒステリシス損を差し引いた値を渦電流損とした。得られた渦電流損の値を用いて、以下の基準で渦電流損の評価を決定した。測定結果を表2に示す。
・良:10kw/m3未満
・可:10kw/m3以上、50kw/m3未満
・不可:50kw/m3以上
次に、絶縁被覆の被覆量の影響を評価するために、最大粒径が1mm以下であり、かつ円形度の中央値と均等数が同じであるが、被覆量が異なる圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を作製し、磁気特性を評価した。なお、その他の条件および磁気特性の評価方法は実施例1と同様とした。
Claims (5)
- 圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末であって、
最大粒径が1mm以下であり、
前記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を構成する粒子の円形度の中央値が0.40以上であり、
Rosin-Rammlerの式における均等数が0.30以上、90.0以下である、圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末。 - 下記(A)および(B)の少なくとも一方の条件を満足する、請求項1に記載の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末。
(A)前記円形度の中央値が0.70以上かつ前記均等数が0.30以上、90.0以下
(B)前記円形度の中央値が0.40以上かつ前記均等数が0.60以上、90.0以下 - 前記最大粒径が400μm以下である、請求項1または2に記載の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末。
- 前記圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を構成する粒子の表面に絶縁被覆を有する、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末。
- 請求項4に記載の圧粉磁芯用鉄基粉末を用いてなる圧粉磁芯。
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| CN202080018397.0A CN113518676A (zh) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-10 | 压粉磁芯用铁基粉末和压粉磁芯 |
| KR1020217031643A KR102528358B1 (ko) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-10 | 압분 자심용 철기 분말 및 압분 자심 |
| EP20766599.3A EP3936256A4 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-10 | IRON BASED POWDER FOR A POWDER MAGNETIC CORE AND POWDER MAGNETIC CORE |
| US17/310,961 US12272491B2 (en) | 2019-03-06 | 2020-02-10 | Iron-based powder for dust cores and dust core |
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| JP2006283167A (ja) | 2005-04-04 | 2006-10-19 | Jfe Steel Kk | 粉末冶金用鉄基粉末 |
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| JP5368686B2 (ja) * | 2007-09-11 | 2013-12-18 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | 軟磁性材料、圧粉磁心、軟磁性材料の製造方法、および圧粉磁心の製造方法 |
| JP2009200325A (ja) | 2008-02-22 | 2009-09-03 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 圧粉磁心および圧粉磁心用の鉄基粉末 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3936256A1 (en) | 2022-01-12 |
| KR102528358B1 (ko) | 2023-05-02 |
| JPWO2020179377A1 (ja) | 2021-03-11 |
| JP6969677B2 (ja) | 2021-11-24 |
| EP3936256A4 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
| US20220044859A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
| US12272491B2 (en) | 2025-04-08 |
| CA3132294A1 (en) | 2020-09-10 |
| KR20210134024A (ko) | 2021-11-08 |
| CA3132294C (en) | 2024-02-27 |
| CN113518676A (zh) | 2021-10-19 |
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