WO2020192033A1 - 一种受话器 - Google Patents

一种受话器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192033A1
WO2020192033A1 PCT/CN2019/105590 CN2019105590W WO2020192033A1 WO 2020192033 A1 WO2020192033 A1 WO 2020192033A1 CN 2019105590 W CN2019105590 W CN 2019105590W WO 2020192033 A1 WO2020192033 A1 WO 2020192033A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
vibration plate
cavity
magnetic field
coil
magnetic core
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/105590
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
文剑光
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd filed Critical Suzhou Sensorfun Electronics Co Ltd
Priority to EP19921196.2A priority Critical patent/EP3908009B1/en
Priority to US17/429,360 priority patent/US11943597B2/en
Publication of WO2020192033A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192033A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08—Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R11/00—Transducers of moving-armature or moving-core type
    • H04R11/02—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H04R1/025—Arrangements for fixing loudspeaker transducers, e.g. in a box, furniture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/16—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/18—Mounting or tensioning of diaphragms or cones at the periphery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/08—Microphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2400/00—Loudspeakers
    • H04R2400/11—Aspects regarding the frame of loudspeaker transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Electric hearing aids

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of electro-acoustic conversion, and particularly relates to a receiver.
  • the receiver is also called a handset, which is an electroacoustic device that converts audio electrical signals into sound signals without sound leakage. It is widely used in communication terminal equipment such as mobile phones, fixed phones, and hearing aids to achieve audio output.
  • FIG. 1 is a receiver in the prior art, which includes a housing 110, a diaphragm 120 and an electromagnetic drive mechanism.
  • the diaphragm 120 is arranged in the housing 110 and divides the inner cavity of the housing into The front cavity and the back cavity, the electromagnetic drive mechanism is fixed in the back cavity.
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism includes a drive rod 130, a reed (or armature) 140, two permanent magnets 150, and a coil 160.
  • One end of the reed 140 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the housing 110, and the other end passes through the drive rod.
  • the coil 130 is connected to the diaphragm 120; the coil 160 is sleeved on the reed 140 and is close to the U-shaped arc transition part of the reed 140.
  • Two permanent magnets 150 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the end of the reed 140 close to the drive rod 130. Fixed on the inner wall of the housing 110.
  • the magnet 150 is arranged in the ring-shaped iron.
  • the assembly is very difficult and the assembly efficiency is low. It is difficult to realize automated production, requires high employee skills, and the process is unstable. The control of assembly quality will affect the reliability of the product, and the high rework rate may even cause scrap, which is not conducive to reducing manufacturing costs.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a receiver which reduces the connection between moving parts, thereby simplifying the assembly process and reducing the manufacturing cost.
  • the present invention provides a receiver, which includes: a housing having a hollow inner cavity; a diaphragm mechanism, which is arranged in the hollow inner cavity and divides the hollow inner cavity into a first cavity Body and a second cavity; the diaphragm mechanism includes a vibration plate, the vibration plate includes a free end and a fixed end, the free end of the vibration plate is suspended in the hollow cavity; an electromagnetic drive mechanism is provided In the hollow inner cavity, it includes a coil assembly and at least one magnetic field generating element. Each magnetic field generating element is arranged in the first cavity or the second cavity, and the magnetic field generating element is close to the free vibration plate.
  • the coil assembly is arranged in the second cavity, the coil assembly includes a coil and a magnetic core, the coil is placed in the same direction as the vibration plate, and the magnetic core is sleeved in the hollow of the coil In the hole, the first end of the magnetic core extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil and is fixed in the second cavity, and the second end of the magnetic core extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil and serves as For the support of the vibrating plate, the periphery of the vibrating membrane mechanism is in sealed connection with the inner wall of the housing.
  • the magnetic field generating element is used to generate a fixed magnetic field; the coil assembly generates an alternating magnetic field after being energized; the vibrating plate is a magnetically conductive material, and the alternating magnetic field generated when the coil assembly is energized is introduced into the vibrating plate; The magnetic core supports the fixed end of the vibration plate.
  • the housing includes a cover plate and a hollow box body with a top opening, the hollow box body includes a bottom surface and a side wall; the cover plate covers the top opening of the hollow box body, the hollow box body and the hollow box body
  • the cover plate encloses the hollow inner cavity, the diaphragm mechanism is arranged in the hollow box, and the diaphragm mechanism divides the hollow inner cavity into a first cavity close to the cover plate and a first cavity close to the cover plate.
  • the second cavity on the bottom surface of the hollow box.
  • the housing further includes a boss provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the housing, and the boss is used to support the diaphragm mechanism.
  • the side of the diaphragm mechanism on the free end of the diaphragm is supported by the boss; the side of the diaphragm mechanism on the fixed end of the diaphragm is supported by the second end of the magnetic core .
  • the magnetic core is an L-shaped magnetic core
  • the L-shaped magnetic core includes a horizontal part and a vertical part forming an L structure
  • the horizontal part of the L-shaped magnetic core is sleeved in the hollow inner hole of the coil
  • one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped magnetic core extends out of the inner hole of the coil and is fixed in the second cavity
  • the vertical part of the L-shaped magnetic core extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil and Connected to the fixed end of the vibration plate, wherein one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped magnetic core is called the first end of the L-shaped magnetic core, and the vertical part of the L-shaped magnetic core is called the The second end of the L-shaped core.
  • the vibration plate is an inverted L-shaped vibration plate
  • the inverted L-shaped vibration plate includes a horizontal part and a vertical part constituting an inverted L structure, and one end of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped vibration plate is the inverted L-shaped vibration plate.
  • the free end of the L-shaped vibrating plate; the other end of the horizontal part connected to the vertical part is the fixed end of the inverted L-shaped vibrating plate; the vertical part of the inverted L-shaped vibrating plate and the second end of the magnetic core End connected.
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism includes: a first magnetic field generating member arranged in the first cavity, a required gap is reserved between the first magnetic field generating member and the free end of the vibration plate; There are two cavities and a second magnetic field generating member, a required gap is reserved between the first magnetic field generating member and the free end of the vibration plate; the second magnetic field generating member and the coil assembly are arranged side by side, and the The coil assembly is closer to the fixed end of the vibration plate than the second magnetic field generating member, wherein the required gap is 0.05 to 0.2 mm.
  • the first magnetic field generating member is fixed on the top surface of the housing, the first magnetic field generating member and the second magnetic field generating member are opposed to each other, and the electromagnetic driving mechanism further includes the second magnetic field generating member and The first magnetically permeable block and the second magnetically permeable block are located between the bottom surface of the housing, the first and second magnetically permeable blocks are arranged opposite and spaced apart, and the first end of the magnetic core protrudes from the The hollow inner hole of the coil is clamped between the first magnetic conductive block and the second magnetic conductive block.
  • the diaphragm mechanism further includes a fixed frame and a hinge, the fixed frame is connected to the side wall of the housing, and has an inner cavity penetrating through the thickness direction of the fixed frame;
  • the fixed end of the plate is hinged on the inner side of the fixed frame, the hinge is arranged on the fixed frame, and the fixed end of the vibration plate and the fixed frame are respectively provided with protrusions and grooves matching the hinge.
  • the vibrating plate in the present invention is made of magnetically conductive materials, and the fixed end of the vibrating plate is connected with the magnetic core of the coil assembly, so that the AC magnetic field generated when the coil is energized enters the vibrating plate and acts on the DC magnetic field.
  • the driving force is generated to push the vibrating plate to vibrate and sound, without additional driving rods and reeds, thereby reducing the connection between the moving parts, simplifying the assembly process, and reducing the manufacturing cost.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a receiver in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is a first longitudinal sectional view of the receiver in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a second longitudinal sectional schematic view of the receiver in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in Figures 2 and 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the receiver in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a structural implementation diagram of the diaphragm mechanism in Figure 5 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in Fig. 5.
  • one embodiment or “embodiment” referred to herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that can be included in at least one implementation of the present invention.
  • the appearances of "in one embodiment” in different places in this specification do not all refer to the same embodiment, nor are they separate or selectively mutually exclusive embodiments with other embodiments.
  • the words connected, connected, and connected in this text indicating electrical connection all mean direct or indirect electrical connection.
  • FIG. 2 is a first longitudinal sectional view of the receiver in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a second longitudinal sectional view of the receiver in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the receiver shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 includes a housing 210, a diaphragm mechanism (or diaphragm) 220, and an electromagnetic drive mechanism (not labeled).
  • the housing 210 has a hollow inner cavity 230.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 220 is disposed in the hollow inner cavity 230 and divides the hollow inner cavity 230 into a first cavity 232 and a second cavity 234.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 220 includes a vibration plate 222, the fixed end 2224 of the vibration plate 222 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 210, and the free end (or vibration end) 2222 of the vibration plate 222 is suspended in the hollow Internal cavity 230.
  • the housing 210 includes a cover plate 212 and a hollow box body 214 having a top opening.
  • the hollow box body 214 includes a bottom surface and side walls; the cover plate 212 covers the The top of the hollow box body 214 is open, and the hollow box body 214 and the cover plate 212 enclose the hollow inner cavity 230.
  • the cover plate 212 and the hollow box body 214 are fixedly connected by gluing or electric welding.
  • both the cover 212 and the hollow box body 214 are made of magnetically conductive materials.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 220 is disposed in the hollow box body 214, and the diaphragm mechanism 220 divides the hollow inner cavity 230 close to the cover plate 212.
  • the first cavity 232 of the hollow box 214 and the second cavity 234 close to the bottom surface of the hollow box 214; a plurality of bosses 216 are provided on the inner wall surface of the side wall of the hollow box 214, the plurality of protrusions
  • the stage 216 is used to support the diaphragm mechanism 220.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism is disposed in the hollow inner cavity 230, and the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes a coil assembly 240 and at least one magnetic field generating member 250, 260.
  • the magnetic field generating members 250 and 260 are respectively disposed in the first cavity 232 and the second cavity 234, and the magnetic field generating members 250 and 260 are close to the free end 2222 of the vibration plate 222.
  • the coil assembly 240 is disposed in the second cavity 234.
  • the coil assembly 240 includes a coil 242 and a magnetic core 244.
  • the coil 242 is placed in the same direction as the vibration plate 222 (that is, the coil 242 is relative to the The vibrating plate 222 is placed horizontally or in parallel); the magnetic core 244 is sleeved in the hollow inner hole of the coil 242, and the first end of the magnetic core 244 extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil 242 and is fixed In the second cavity 234, the second end of the magnetic core 244 extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil 242 and serves as a support for the vibration plate 222, and the magnetic core 244 is preferably an iron core.
  • the electromagnetic driving mechanism includes a first magnetic field generating member 250 disposed in the first cavity 232 and close to the free end 2222 of the vibration plate 222, and disposed in the second cavity 232.
  • the second magnetic field generating member 260 in the cavity 234 and close to the free end 2222 of the vibration plate 222, the first magnetic field generating member 250 and the second magnetic field generating member 260 are opposite.
  • the first magnetic field generating member 250 is fixed on the cover plate 212 (or the top surface of the housing 210) and facing the free end 2222 of the vibration plate 222, and the first magnetic field generating member 250 and the A required gap is reserved between the free ends 2222 of the vibration plate 222, and the required gap is 0.05-0.2 mm;
  • the second magnetic field generating member 260 is fixed on the bottom surface of the hollow box 214 (or the bottom surface of the housing 210) ), and face the free end 2222 of the vibration plate 222, and a required gap is reserved between the second magnetic field generating member 260 and the free end of the vibration plate 222, and the required gap is 0.05 to 0.2 mm
  • the second magnetic field generating member 260 and the coil assembly 240 are arranged side by side, and the coil assembly 240 is closer to the fixed end 2224 of the vibration plate 222 than the second magnetic field generating member 260.
  • the magnetic field generating members 250 and 260 are permanent magnets. In an embodiment, there may be only the first magnetic field generating element 250 or the second magnetic field generating element 260, as long as it can provide a fixed magnetic field (or a DC magnetic field).
  • the electromagnetic drive mechanism further includes a magnetically conductive component 270, which is located between the second magnetic field generating member 260 and the bottom surface of the hollow box body 214.
  • the magnetically conductive assembly 270 includes a first magnetically conductive block 272 and a second magnetically conductive block 274 sequentially arranged between the second magnetic field generating member 260 and the bottom surface of the hollow box body 214.
  • the first magnetically conductive The block 272 and the second magnetically permeable block are arranged oppositely and spaced apart.
  • the first end of the magnetic core 244 extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil 242 and is clamped between the first and second magnetically permeable blocks 272 and Between 274.
  • the magnetic core 244 is an L-shaped magnetic core, and the L-shaped magnetic core 244 includes a horizontal portion and a vertical portion forming an L structure.
  • the horizontal part of the L-shaped magnetic core 244 is sleeved in the hollow inner hole of the coil 242, and one end of the horizontal part of the L-shaped magnetic core 244 extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil 242 and is clamped in the hollow inner hole of the coil 242.
  • the other end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped magnetic core 244 is connected to the vertical portion of the L-shaped magnetic core 244; the L-shaped magnetic core The vertical part of the 244 extends out of the hollow inner hole of the coil 242 and is connected to the fixed end 2224 of the vibration plate 222.
  • one end of the horizontal portion of the L-shaped magnetic core 244 is called the first end of the L-shaped magnetic core 244, and the vertical portion of the L-shaped magnetic core 244 is called the L-shaped magnetic core 244 The second end.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 220 is located on one side of the free end 2222 of the vibration plate 222 and is supported by the boss 216; the diaphragm mechanism 220 is located on the vibration plate 222.
  • One side of the fixed end 2224 of the plate 222 is supported by the vertical part of the L-shaped magnetic core 244, and the periphery of the diaphragm mechanism 220 and the inner wall of the housing 210 are fixed and sealed with an adhesive.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 220 further includes a fixing frame 224.
  • the fixing frame 224 is connected to the inner side surface of the side wall of the hollow box body 214, and has an inner cavity (not labeled) penetrating through the thickness direction of the fixing frame 224.
  • the fixed frame 224 is made of non-magnetic material, which can be stainless steel, aluminum, or other non-magnetic metal or non-metal materials.
  • the fixed end 2224 of the vibration plate 222 is fixed to the inner side of the fixed frame 224, and the free end 2222 thereof is suspended in the inner cavity of the fixed frame 224; the outer surface of the free end 2222 of the vibration plate 222 and the fixed frame A predetermined gap 226 is formed between the inner surfaces of the 224.
  • the vibration plate 222 and the fixed frame 224 are of a one-piece design, and a U-shaped predetermined gap 226 is slotted in the one-piece design.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 220 further includes a hinge (not marked), and the fixed end 2224 of the vibration plate 222 is hinged to the inner side of the fixed frame 224 through the hinge; On the fixed frame 224, the fixed end of the vibration plate 222 and the fixed frame 224 are respectively provided with protrusions and grooves matching the hinge.
  • the principle of the electromagnetic driving mechanism shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 to drive the vibration plate 222 to vibrate is: when alternating current is applied to the coil 242, the generated AC magnetic field enters the vibration plate 222 from the L-shaped magnetic core 244, causing the The vibration plate 222 has a polarity. Under the action of the fixed magnetic field (or DC magnetic field) generated by the magnetic field generators 250 and 260, a driving force is generated to push the vibration plate 222 to reciprocate in the vertical direction, thereby driving the diaphragm mechanism 220 The sound film (not marked) agitates the air to make sound.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in Figures 2 and 3. Compared with Figure 1, the internal components of the receiver shown in Figure 4 are clearly structured, and its stacked design makes the assembly process simple, which is very suitable for automated production.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of a receiver in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is an extension of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2.
  • the main difference between the two is: the vibration plate 222 in FIG. 2 is a straight plate, and the magnetic core 244 is an L structure; the vibration plate 522 in FIG. 5 is an inverted L Structure, the magnetic core 544 is a straight rod or a straight plate.
  • the coil assembly 540 is disposed in the second cavity 234.
  • the coil assembly 540 includes a coil 542 and a magnetic core 544.
  • the coil 542 and the vibration plate 522 are placed in the same direction (that is, The coil 542 is placed horizontally or parallel to the vibration plate 522);
  • the magnetic core 544 is a straight rod or a straight plate, which is sleeved in the hollow inner hole of the coil 542, and the first The end protrudes from the hollow inner hole of the coil 542 and is clamped between the first magnetic permeable block 272 and the second magnetic permeable block 274, and the second end of the magnetic core 544 protrudes from the hollow of the coil 242 Bore.
  • FIG. 6 is a structural implementation diagram of the diaphragm mechanism 520 in FIG. 5 in an embodiment.
  • the diaphragm mechanism in FIGS. 5 and 6 includes a fixed frame 524 and an inverted L-shaped vibration plate 522.
  • the fixing frame 524 is connected to the inner side surface of the side wall of the hollow box body 214, and has an inner cavity (not labeled) penetrating through the thickness direction of the fixing frame 524.
  • the inverted L-shaped vibrating plate 522 includes a horizontal part and a vertical part forming an inverted L structure.
  • One end of the horizontal part of the inverted L-shaped vibration plate 522 is the free end 5222 of the vibration plate 522, and the free end 5222 is suspended in the In the inner cavity of the fixed frame 524, a predetermined gap 526 is formed between the outer surface of the free end 5222 and the inner surface of the fixed frame 524; the other end of the horizontal part connected with the vertical part is the inverted L-shaped vibration
  • the fixed end 5224 of the plate 522 is fixed to the inner side of the fixed frame 524; the vertical part of the inverted L-shaped vibration plate 522 serves as the connecting end of the inverted L-shaped vibration plate 522 and the magnetic core
  • the second end of the 544 is connected.
  • the diaphragm mechanism 520 is located on one side of the free end 5222 of the vibration plate 522 and is supported by the boss 216; the diaphragm mechanism 520 is located on the vibration plate 522 One side of the fixed end 5224 is supported by the second end of the magnetic core 544.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the receiver shown in FIG. 5.
  • the internal components of the receiver shown in Figure 7 are clearly structured, and its stacked design makes the assembly process simple, which is very suitable for automated production.
  • the vibration plates 222 and 522 in the present invention are made of magnetically conductive materials, and the fixed end of the vibration plate is connected to the magnetic core of the coil assembly, so that the AC magnetic field generated when the coil is energized enters the vibration plate and interacts with the DC magnetic field.
  • the action generates driving force to push the vibrating plate to vibrate and produce sound, so that the vibrating plate and the reed are combined into one without additional driving rods and reeds, so that the receiver of the present invention has the following advantages or beneficial effects:
  • the internal components of the receiver have distinct levels, and its stacked design makes the assembly process simple, which is very suitable for automated production;
  • words such as “connected”, “connected”, “connected”, “connected” and the like indicate electrical connection. Unless otherwise specified, they indicate direct or indirect electrical connection.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种受话器，其包括：外壳，其具有空心内腔；振膜机构，其设置于空心内腔中，将空心内腔分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体；振膜机构包括振板；电磁驱动机构，其设置于空心内腔中，其包括线圈组件和至少一个磁场产生件，每个磁场产生件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且磁场产生件靠近振板的自由端；线圈组件设置于第二腔体中，线圈组件包括线圈和磁芯，线圈与振板的放置方向一致，磁芯套设于线圈的空心内孔中，磁芯的第一端伸出线圈的空心内孔且固定于第二腔体中，磁芯的第二端伸出线圈的空心内孔且作为振板的支撑，振膜机构的周边与外壳内壁密封连接。与现有技术相比，本发明减少了运动部件之间的连接，简化装配工艺，降低制造成本。

Description

一种受话器 【技术领域】
本发明属于电声转换技术领域，特别涉及一种受话器。
【背景技术】
受话器也叫听筒，是一种在无声音泄漏条件下将音频电信号转换成声音信号的电声器件，广泛用于移动电话、固定电话及助听器等通信终端设备中，实现音频的输出。
请参考图1所示，其为现有技术中的一种受话器，其包括壳体110、膜片120以及电磁驱动机构，膜片120设置在壳体110内并将壳体的内腔分隔为前腔和后腔，电磁驱动机构固定在后腔中。电磁驱动机构包括驱动杆130、簧片(或电枢)140、两块永磁体150以及线圈160，其中簧片140的一端固定在壳体110的侧壁的内壁面上，另一端通过驱动杆130与膜片120连接；线圈160套设在簧片140上并靠近簧片140的U型圆弧过渡部，两块永磁体150分别位于簧片140靠近驱动杆130那一端的上下两侧并固定在壳体110内壁面上。
由于图1所示受话器中，簧片140与膜片120需要用驱动杆130(或驱动板)进行连接，磁铁150设置在环形锷铁中，采用这样的设计其装配非常困难，组装效率低，难以实现自动化生产，对员工技能要求较高，制程不稳定，装配质量的管控会影响产品的可靠性，重工率高甚至造成报废，不利于降低制造成本。
因此，有必要提出一种改进的技术方案来克服上述问题。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于提供一种受话器，其减少了运动部件之间的连接，从而简化装配工艺，降低制造成本。
根据本发明的一个方面，本发明提供一种受话器，其包括：外壳，其具有空心内腔；振膜机构，其设置于所述空心内腔中，将所述空心内腔分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体；所述振膜机构包括振板，所述振板包括自由端和固定端，所述振板的自由端悬空设置于所述空心内腔中；电磁驱动机构，其设置于所述空心内腔中，其包括线圈组件和至少一个磁场产生件，每个磁场产生件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述磁场产生件靠近所述振板的自由端；所述线圈组 件设置于第二腔体中，所述线圈组件包括线圈和磁芯，所述线圈与所述振板的放置方向一致，所述磁芯套设于所述线圈的空心内孔中，所述磁芯的第一端伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且固定于所述第二腔体中，所述磁芯的第二端伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且作为所述振板的支撑，所述振膜机构的周边与外壳内壁密封连接。
进一步的，所述磁场产生件用于产生固定磁场；所述线圈组件通电后产生交变磁场；所述振板为导磁材料，线圈组件通电时产生的交变磁场被引入所述振板；所述磁芯支撑所述振板的固定端。
进一步的，所述外壳包括盖板和具有顶部开口的空心盒体，所述空心盒体包括底面和侧壁；所述盖板覆盖所述空心盒体的顶部开口，所述空心盒体和所述盖板围成所述空心内腔，所述振膜机构设置于所述空心盒体内，所述振膜机构将所述空心内腔分隔成靠近所述盖板的第一腔体和靠近所述空心盒体的底面的第二腔体。
进一步的，所述外壳还包括设置于所述外壳的侧壁的内壁面上的凸台，所述凸台用于支撑所述振膜机构。
进一步的，所述振膜机构位于所述振板的自由端的一侧由所述凸台支撑；所述振膜机构位于所述振板的固定端的一侧由所述磁芯的第二端支撑。
进一步的，所述磁芯为L型磁芯，所述L型磁芯包括构成L结构的水平部和竖直部，所述L型磁芯的水平部套设于所述线圈的空心内孔中，所述L型磁芯的水平部的一端伸出所述线圈内孔且固定于所述第二腔体内，所述L型磁芯的竖直部伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且与所述振板的固定端相连，其中，所述L型磁芯的水平部的一端称为所述L型磁芯的第一端，所述L型磁芯的竖直部称为所述L型磁芯的第二端。
进一步的，所述振板为倒L型振板，所述倒L型振板包括构成倒L结构的水平部和竖直部，所述倒L型振板的水平部的一端为所述倒L型振板的自由端；与竖直部相连的水平部的另一端为所述倒L型振板的固定端；所述倒L型振板的竖直部与所述磁芯的第二端相连。
进一步的，所述电磁驱动机构包括：设置于第一腔体内的第一磁场产生件，所述第一磁场产生件和所述振板的自由端之间预留有所需间隙；设置于第二腔体内且第二磁场产生件，所述第一磁场产生件和所述振板的自由端之间预留有 所需间隙；所述第二磁场产生件与线圈组件并排设置，且所述线圈组件较所述第二磁场产生件更靠近所述振板的固定端，其中，所述所需间隙为0.05～0.2毫米。
进一步的，所述第一磁场产生件固定于所述外壳的顶面，第一磁场产生件和第二磁场产生件相对，所述电磁驱动机构还包括依次设置于所述第二磁场产生件和所述外壳的底面之间的第一导磁块和第二导磁块，所述第一导磁块和第二导磁块相对且间隔设置，所述磁芯的第一端伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且夹持于所述第一导磁块和第二导磁块之间。
进一步的，所述振膜机构还包括固定框和铰链，所述固定框连接于所述外壳的侧壁上，其具有贯穿所述固定框厚度方向的内腔体；所述铰链将所述振板的固定端铰接于所述固定框的内侧，所述铰链设置于固定框上，所述振板的固定端和固定框上分别设置有与所述铰链相匹配的凸起和凹槽。
与现有技术相比，本发明中的振板采用导磁材料制作，振板的固定端与线圈组件的磁芯相连，以使线圈通电时产生的交流磁场进入振板，并与直流磁场作用产生驱动力推动振板产生振动发声，不需要额外的驱动杆和簧片，从而减少了运动部件之间的连接，简化装配工艺，降低制造成本。
【附图说明】
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。其中：
图1为现有技术中的一种受话器的结构示意图；
图2为本发明在一个实施例中的受话器的第一纵向剖面示意图；
图3为本发明在一个实施例中的受话器的第二纵向剖面示意图；
图4为图2和图3所示的受话器的爆炸示意图；
图5为本发明在另一个实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意图；
图6为图5中的振膜机构在一个实施例中的结构实施图；
图7为图5所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
此处所称的“一个实施例”或“实施例”是指可包含于本发明至少一个实现方式中的特定特征、结构或特性。在本说明书中不同地方出现的“在一个实施例中”并非均指同一个实施例，也不是单独的或选择性的与其他实施例互相排斥的实施例。除非特别说明，本文中的连接、相连、相接的表示电性连接的词均表示直接或间接电性相连。
请参考图2所示，其为本发明在一个实施例中的受话器的第一纵向剖面示意图；请参考图3所示，其为本发明在一个实施例中的受话器的第二纵向剖面示意图。
图2和图3所示的受话器包括外壳210、振膜机构(或膜片)220和电磁驱动机构(未标识)。
所述外壳210具有空心内腔230。所述振膜机构220设置于所述空心内腔230中，并将所述空心内腔230分隔为第一腔体232和第二腔体234。所述振膜机构220包括振板222，所述振板222的固定端2224连接于所述外壳210的内壁上，所述振板222的自由端(或振动端)2222悬空设置于所述空心内腔230中。
在图2和3所示的具体实施例中，所述外壳210包括盖板212和具有顶部开口的空心盒体214，所述空心盒体214包括底面和侧壁；所述盖板212覆盖所述空心盒体214的顶部开口，所述空心盒体214和所述盖板212围成所述空心内腔230，例如，采用胶粘或者电焊方式将盖板212和空心盒体214固定连接。在一个优选的实施例中，盖板212和空心盒体214均采用导磁材料制成。
在图2和3所示的具体实施例中，所述振膜机构220设置于所述空心盒体214内，所述振膜机构220将所述空心内腔230分隔成靠近所述盖板212的第一腔体232和靠近所述空心盒体214的底面的第二腔体234；在所述空心盒体214的侧壁的内壁面上设置有多个凸台216，所述多个凸台216用于支撑所述振膜机构220。
所述电磁驱动机构设置于所述空心内腔230中，所述电磁驱动机构包括线圈组件240和至少一个磁场产生件250、260。其中，所述磁场产生件250、260分别设置于第一腔体232和第二腔体234中，且所述磁场产生件250、260靠近 所述振板222的自由端2222。所述线圈组件240设置于第二腔体234中，所述线圈组件240包括线圈242和磁芯244，所述线圈242与所述振板222的放置方向一致(即所述线圈242相对于所述振板222横向放置或平行放置)；所述磁芯244套设于所述线圈242的空心内孔中，所述磁芯244的第一端伸出所述线圈242的空心内孔且固定于第二腔体234中，所述磁芯244的第二端伸出所述线圈242的空心内孔且作为所述振板222的支撑，所述磁芯244优选为铁芯。
在图2和3所示的具体实施例中，所述电磁驱动机构包括设置于第一腔体232内且靠近所述振板222的自由端2222的第一磁场产生件250，设置于第二腔体234内且靠近所述振板222的自由端2222的第二磁场产生件260，第一磁场产生件250和第二磁场产生件260相对。其中，第一磁场产生件250固定于所述盖板212(或所述外壳210的顶面)上，并朝向所述振板222的自由端2222，且所述第一磁场产生件250和所述振板222的自由端2222之间预留有所需间隙，该所需间隙为0.05～0.2毫米；第二磁场产生件260固定于所述空心盒体214的底面上(或外壳210的底面)，并朝向所述振板222的自由端2222，且所述第二磁场产生件260和所述振板222的自由端之间预留有所需间隙，该所需间隙为0.05～0.2毫米；所述第二磁场产生件260与线圈组件240并排设置，且所述线圈组件240较所述第二磁场产生件260更靠近所述振板222的固定端2224。在一个优选的实施例中，所述磁场产生件250、260为永磁体。在一个实施例中，可以仅有第一磁场产生件250，也可以仅有第二磁场产生件260，只要其可以提供固定磁场(或直流磁场)即可。
在图2和3所示的具体实施例中，所述电磁驱动机构还包括导磁组件270，导磁组件270位于所述第二磁场产生件260和所述空心盒体214的底面之间。所述导磁组件270包括依次设置于所述第二磁场产生件260和所述空心盒体214的底面之间的第一导磁块272和第二导磁块274，所述第一导磁块272和第二导磁块相对且间隔设置，所述磁芯244的第一端伸出所述线圈242的空心内孔且夹持于所述第一导磁块272和第二导磁块274之间。
需要特别说明的是，在图2和3所示的具体实施例中，所述磁芯244为L型磁芯，所述L型磁芯244包括构成L结构的水平部和竖直部。所述L型磁芯244的水平部套设于所述线圈242的空心内孔中，所述L型磁芯244的水平部的一端伸出所述线圈242的空心内孔且夹持于所述第一导磁块272和第二导磁块 274之间，所述L型磁芯244的水平部的另一端与所述L型磁芯244的竖直部相连；所述L型磁芯244的竖直部伸出所述线圈242的空心内孔且与所述振板222的固定端2224相连。其中，所述L型磁芯244的水平部的一端称为所述所述L型磁芯244的第一端，所述L型磁芯244的竖直部称为所述L型磁芯244的第二端。
在图2和3所示的具体实施例中，所述振膜机构220位于所述振板222的自由端2222的一侧由所述凸台216支撑；所述振膜机构220位于所述振板222的固定端2224的一侧由所述L型磁芯244的竖直部支撑，并采用粘结剂将所述振膜机构220的周边与外壳210内壁进行固定和密封连接。
请参考图2和图3所示，所述振膜机构220还包括固定框224。所述固定框224连接于所述空心盒体214的侧壁的内侧面上，其具有贯穿所述固定框224厚度方向的内腔体(未标识)。所述固定框224为不导磁材质，其可以是不锈钢、铝或其它不导磁的金属或非金属材质。所述振板222的固定端2224固定于所述固定框224内侧，其自由端2222悬空在所述固定框224的内腔体中；所述振板222的自由端2222的外侧表面与固定框224的内侧表面之间形成有预定间隙226。
在图2和图3所示的实施例中，所述振板222和固定框224是一片式设计，一圈U型的预定间隙226是在一片式设计上开了槽。在另一个实施例中，所述振膜机构220还包括铰链(未标识)，所述振板222的固定端2224通过所述铰链铰接于所述固定框224的内侧；所述铰链设置于所述固定框224上，所述振板222的固定端和固定框224上分别设置有与所述铰链相匹配的凸起和凹槽。
图2和图3所示的电磁驱动机构驱动振板222振动的原理是：当给线圈242通入交流电时，产生的交流磁场由所述L型磁芯244进入所述振板222，使所述振板222带有极性，在磁场产生件250、260产生的固定磁场(或直流磁场)的作用下，产生驱动力推动振板222在竖直方向做往复振动，从而带动振膜机构220的发音膜(未标识)鼓动空气发声。
请参考图4所示，其为图2和图3所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。与图1相比，图4所示的受话器内部的组件层次分明，其堆叠式的设计使得装配工艺简单，非常适合自动化生产。
请参考图5所示，其为本发明在另一个实施例中的受话器的纵向剖面示意 图。图5所示实施例为图2所示实施例的扩展，两者的主要区别在于：图2中的振板222为直板，磁芯244为L结构；图5中的振板522为倒L结构，磁芯544为直杆或直板。
如图5所示，所述线圈组件540设置于第二腔体234中，所述线圈组件540包括线圈542和磁芯544，所述线圈542与所述振板522的放置方向一致(即所述线圈542相对于所述振板522横向放置或平行放置)；所述磁芯544为直杆或直板，其套设于所述线圈542的空心内孔中，所述磁芯544的第一端伸出所述线圈542的空心内孔且夹持于所述第一导磁块272和第二导磁块274之间，所述磁芯544的第二端伸出所述线圈242的空心内孔。
请参考图6所示，其为图5中的振膜机构520在一个实施例中的结构实施图。图5和图6中的振膜机构包括固定框524和倒L型振板522。所述固定框524连接于所述空心盒体214的侧壁的内侧面上，其具有贯穿所述固定框524厚度方向的内腔体(未标识)。倒L型振板522包括构成倒L结构的水平部和竖直部，倒L型振板522的水平部的一端为所述振板522的自由端5222，所述自由端5222悬空在所述固定框524的内腔体中，所述自由端5222的外侧表面与固定框524的内侧表面之间形成有预定间隙526；与竖直部相连的水平部的另一端为所述倒L型振板522的固定端5224，所述固定端5224固定于所述固定框524内侧；所述倒L型振板522的竖直部作为所述倒L型振板522的连接端与所述磁芯544的第二端相连。
在图5所示的具体实施例中，所述振膜机构520位于所述振板522的自由端5222的一侧由所述凸台216支撑；所述振膜机构520位于所述振板522的固定端5224的一侧由所述磁芯544的第二端支撑。
请参考图7所示，其为图5所示的受话器的爆炸示意图。与图1相比，图7所示的受话器内部的组件层次分明，其堆叠式的设计使得装配工艺简单，非常适合自动化生产。
综上所述，本发明中的振板222、522采用导磁材料制作，振板的固定端与线圈组件的磁芯相连，以使线圈通电时产生的交流磁场进入振板，并与直流磁场作用产生驱动力推动振板产生振动发声，使得振板和簧片二合为一，不需要额外的驱动杆和簧片，从而使得本发明中的受话器具有一下优点或有益效果：
(1)受话器内部的组件层次分明，其堆叠式的设计使得装配工艺简单，非 常适合自动化生产；
(2)减少了运动部件间的连接(例如，驱动杆和簧片)，具有更高的可靠性高；
(3)更少的组成部件和更简单的装配工艺得到更高的生产效率；
(4)更少的组成部件和更简单的装配工艺有利于降低成本。
在本发明中，“连接”、“相连”、“连”、“接”等表示电性连接的词语，如无特别说明，则表示直接或间接的电性连接。
需要指出的是，熟悉该领域的技术人员对本发明的具体实施方式所做的任何改动均不脱离本发明的权利要求书的范围。相应地，本发明的权利要求的范围也并不仅仅局限于前述具体实施方式。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种受话器，其特征在于，其包括：
    外壳，其具有空心内腔；
    振膜机构，其设置于所述空心内腔中，将所述空心内腔分隔为第一腔体和第二腔体；所述振膜机构包括振板，所述振板包括自由端和固定端，所述振板的自由端悬空设置于所述空心内腔中；
    电磁驱动机构，其设置于所述空心内腔中，其包括线圈组件和至少一个磁场产生件，
    每个磁场产生件设置于第一腔体或第二腔体中，且所述磁场产生件靠近所述振板的自由端；所述线圈组件设置于第二腔体中，所述线圈组件包括线圈和磁芯，所述线圈与所述振板的放置方向一致，所述磁芯套设于所述线圈的空心内孔中，所述磁芯的第一端伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且固定于所述第二腔体中，所述磁芯的第二端伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且作为所述振板的支撑，
    所述振膜机构的周边与外壳内壁密封连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述磁场产生件用于产生固定磁场；
    所述线圈组件通电后产生交变磁场；
    所述振板为导磁材料，线圈组件通电时产生的交变磁场被引入所述振板；
    所述磁芯支撑所述振板的固定端。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述外壳包括盖板和具有顶部开口的空心盒体，
    所述空心盒体包括底面和侧壁；所述盖板覆盖所述空心盒体的顶部开口，所述空心盒体和所述盖板围成所述空心内腔，
    所述振膜机构设置于所述空心盒体内，所述振膜机构将所述空心内腔分隔成靠近所述盖板的第一腔体和靠近所述空心盒体的底面的第二腔体。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述外壳还包括设置于所述外壳的侧壁的内壁面上的凸台，所述凸台用于支撑所述振膜机构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述振膜机构位于所述振板的自由端的一侧由所述凸台支撑；
    所述振膜机构位于所述振板的固定端的一侧由所述磁芯的第二端支撑。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述磁芯为L型磁芯，所述L型磁芯包括构成L结构的水平部和竖直部，所述L型磁芯的水平部套设于所述线圈的空心内孔中，
    所述L型磁芯的水平部的一端伸出所述线圈内孔且固定于所述第二腔体内，所述L型磁芯的竖直部伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且与所述振板的固定端相连，
    其中，所述L型磁芯的水平部的一端称为所述L型磁芯的第一端，所述L型磁芯的竖直部称为所述L型磁芯的第二端。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述振板为倒L型振板，所述倒L型振板包括构成倒L结构的水平部和竖直部，
    所述倒L型振板的水平部的一端为所述倒L型振板的自由端；与竖直部相连的水平部的另一端为所述倒L型振板的固定端；所述倒L型振板的竖直部与所述磁芯的第二端相连。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述电磁驱动机构包括：
    设置于第一腔体内的第一磁场产生件，所述第一磁场产生件和所述振板的自由端之间预留有所需间隙；
    设置于第二腔体内且第二磁场产生件，所述第一磁场产生件和所述振板的自由端之间预留有所需间隙；
    所述第二磁场产生件与线圈组件并排设置，且所述线圈组件较所述第二磁场产生件更靠近所述振板的固定端，
    其中，所述所需间隙为0.05～0.2毫米。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的受话器，其特征在于，
    所述第一磁场产生件固定于所述外壳的顶面，第一磁场产生件和第二磁场产生件相对，
    所述电磁驱动机构还包括依次设置于所述第二磁场产生件和所述外壳的底面之间的第一导磁块和第二导磁块，
    所述第一导磁块和第二导磁块相对且间隔设置，所述磁芯的第一端伸出所述线圈的空心内孔且夹持于所述第一导磁块和第二导磁块之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的受话器，其特征在于，所述振膜机构还包括固定框和铰链，
    所述固定框连接于所述外壳的侧壁上，其具有贯穿所述固定框厚度方向的内腔体；
    所述铰链将所述振板的固定端铰接于所述固定框的内侧，所述铰链设置于固定框上，所述振板的固定端和固定框上分别设置有与所述铰链相匹配的凸起和凹槽。
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