WO2020211694A1 - 一种电池模组及车辆 - Google Patents

一种电池模组及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020211694A1
WO2020211694A1 PCT/CN2020/084060 CN2020084060W WO2020211694A1 WO 2020211694 A1 WO2020211694 A1 WO 2020211694A1 CN 2020084060 W CN2020084060 W CN 2020084060W WO 2020211694 A1 WO2020211694 A1 WO 2020211694A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery module
end plate
matching
output pole
module according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/084060
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑仁蔚
钱木
陈少镇
姚己华
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP20791514.1A priority Critical patent/EP3799154B1/en
Publication of WO2020211694A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020211694A1/zh
Priority to US17/502,452 priority patent/US12199297B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/218—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material
    • H01M50/22—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by the material of the casings or racks
    • H01M50/222—Inorganic material
    • H01M50/224—Metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/296—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by terminals of battery packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/564—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process
    • H01M50/567—Terminals characterised by their manufacturing process by fixing means, e.g. screws, rivets or bolts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2270/00—Problem solutions or means not otherwise provided for
    • B60L2270/10—Emission reduction
    • B60L2270/14—Emission reduction of noise
    • B60L2270/145—Structure borne vibrations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of energy storage devices, in particular to a battery module and a vehicle.
  • the battery module includes an output pole base for providing insulation protection for the output pole connecting piece and the module connecting piece.
  • the output pole base is located at the end of the battery module along the length direction and is fixed to the end plate.
  • the specific method is as follows: a processing groove is provided on the end plate, and at the same time, a protrusion is provided at the bottom of the output pole base to cooperate with the processing groove, so that the output pole base and the end plate are connected by contour complementary matching.
  • the battery module When the battery module vibrates, it drives the output pole base to vibrate, which in turn causes the sampling structure connected to the output pole connecting piece to break, and causes the output pole connecting piece and the pole to break and fail, causing the battery module to fail to work normally.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a battery module and a vehicle to solve the problem that the battery module cannot work normally caused by the inability to completely fix the output pole base and the end plate in the prior art.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a battery module, including:
  • a unit cell ; an end plate located at the end of the battery module along the length direction; an output pole base, the output pole base includes a fixedly connected mounting part and a matching part, the matching part is made of metal, and the matching The component is fixedly connected with the end plate to limit the freedom of movement of the output pole base relative to the end plate in the height, width and length directions.
  • the fitting piece and the end plate have an interference fit, or; the fitting piece and the end plate have a difference in hardness, so that the fitting piece can penetrate the end plate, or the end plate A part of the plate can penetrate the fitting piece.
  • the end plate includes a mating wall, the mating wall is made of metal; the mating piece includes one or more claws, the claws are made of metal, and at least partially penetrate the mating wall.
  • the claws are provided on both sides of the mating wall; the mating member further includes a first connecting plate, and the first connecting plate is along the width direction W The two ends of the are connected to the claws located on both sides of the mating wall.
  • the claw is inclined relative to the mating wall, and the inclination direction is upward.
  • the mounting member is provided with a mounting slot
  • the matching member is located in the mounting slot
  • the side wall of the mounting slot has a card slot
  • the bottom wall of the mounting slot has a first limiting portion, so The card slot and the first limiting portion are distributed along the height direction; along the height direction, one end of the fitting piece is clamped to the card slot, and the other end abuts against the first limiting portion.
  • the side wall of the mounting groove further has a second limiting portion, and the matching member is clamped to the second limiting portion, so as to limit the freedom of movement of the matching member along the length direction.
  • the end plate has a first matching cavity, and the first matching cavity is located on both sides of the matching wall in the width direction; the side wall of the mounting groove is located in the first matching cavity, and The side wall of the installation groove is matched with the first matching cavity.
  • the mounting member further includes a guide part, the end plate has a second matching cavity, and the guide part is adapted to the second matching cavity.
  • the inner wall of the second matching cavity along the length direction L is provided with an end plate boss.
  • the guide portion has a first end and a second end, and the size of the second end along the length direction L is smaller than the size of the first end along the length direction.
  • the mounting member has one or more convex ribs extending in the height direction; the cross-section of the convex ribs is one or more of a triangle, a diamond, and a cone.
  • the mounting member further includes a protrusion, and the protrusion is located above the rib.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle, which includes any of the battery modules described above.
  • a metal mating piece is added to the plastic structure of the output pole base, and the mating piece is fixedly connected with the end plate, so as to achieve complete fixation between the output pole base and the end plate and reduce the vibration of the battery module During the process, there is a risk of relative movement between the output pole base and the end plate, thereby reducing the risk of fracture of the sampling structure, improving the connection reliability between the output pole connecting piece and the unit battery pole, and improving the life of the battery module. At the same time, since the mating parts and the end plates are made of metal, there is less possibility of a gap between them during long-term operation, which can further increase the life of the battery module.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery module provided by this application in a specific embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end plate and the output pole base in Figure 1 matching;
  • Figure 3 is a front view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a bottom view of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of part I in Figure 5;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the output pole base in Fig. 2;
  • Figure 8 is a front view of Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is a bottom view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of part II in Figure 7;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of the structure of Figure 10 with the mating part removed;
  • Figure 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the end plate in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 13 is a top view of Fig. 12.
  • 2-output pole base 21-body; 22-mounting piece; 221-mounting groove; 221a-side wall; 221b-bottom wall; 221c-card slot; 221d-first limit part; 221e-second limit part 222-guide portion; 222a-first end; 222b-second end; 223-rab; 224-bump; 23-matching piece; 231-claw; 232-first connecting plate; 233-section Second connecting board; 234-third connecting board;
  • Figure 1 is a partial structural diagram of the battery module provided in this application in a specific embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a structural diagram of the end plate and the output pole base in Figure 1 matching
  • 3 is a front view of Figure 2
  • Figure 4 is a bottom view of Figure 2
  • Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of Figure 3
  • Figure 6 is a partial enlarged view of part I in Figure 5
  • Figure 7 is the structure of the output pole base in Figure 2
  • Fig. 8 is a front view of Fig. 7
  • Fig. 9 is a bottom view of Fig. 8
  • Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view of part II in Fig. 7
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of Fig. 10 with a mating member removed
  • Fig. 12 is a diagram 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle end plate
  • Figure 13 is the top view of Figure 12.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, the battery module includes a casing (not shown in the figure), the casing has an inner cavity; and also includes one or more unit cells (not shown in the figure), when When the battery module includes a plurality of unit batteries, each unit battery is stacked in the inner cavity of the casing according to a preset rule. Normally, the stacking direction of each unit battery is the length direction L of the battery module.
  • the casing includes two end plates 1 and two side plates, and the end plates 1 and the side plates are fixedly connected to form the casing of the battery module, which protects each unit cell.
  • the pole of the outermost unit cell is connected to the output pole connecting piece 3.
  • the output pole connecting piece 3 of the adjacent battery module is connected to the module connecting piece 4.
  • the battery module also includes an output pole base 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned output pole connecting piece 3 and the module connecting piece 4 are both connected to the output pole base 2.
  • the output pole base 2 is used for output pole connecting piece 3 and module connecting piece 4 provide insulation protection.
  • the output pole base 2 includes a body 21, and the body 21 is provided with a nut.
  • the output pole connecting piece 3 and the module connecting piece 4 are both provided with bolt holes. When connecting, the bolt 5 passes through the two The bolt hole is fixedly connected with the nut in the body 21.
  • the output pole base 2 is located at the end of the battery module along the length direction L and is fixed to the end plate 1.
  • the specific method is as follows: a processing groove (such as a dovetail groove) is opened in the end plate 1, and at the same time, a protrusion (such as a dovetail protrusion) is provided at the bottom of the output pole base 2 to cooperate with the processing groove, so that the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1 are connected by complementary contour matching.
  • a processing groove such as a dovetail groove
  • a protrusion such as a dovetail protrusion
  • the end plate 1 is made of metal material and the output pole base 2 is made of plastic material, when the two are connected in a complementary contour fit, the gap between the two gradually increases, resulting in a reliable connection between the two Sexual decline.
  • the output pole base 2 includes a body 21 that is fixedly connected, a mounting piece 22, and a matching piece 23.
  • the body 21 is provided with threaded holes for connecting with the output pole connecting piece 3 and the mold.
  • the assembly connecting piece 4 is connected by bolts 5, and the main body 21 is made of plastic material, so as to provide insulation protection for the output pole connecting piece 3 and the module connecting piece 4.
  • the mounting member 22 and the main body 21 are of an integral structure and are also made of plastic material.
  • the mounting member 22 is used to install the matching member 23, the matching member 23 is made of metal, and the matching member 23 is used for fixed connection with the end plate 1. , To limit the freedom of movement of the output pole base 2 relative to the end plate 1 in the height direction H, the length direction L, and the width direction.
  • a metal fitting 23 is added to the plastic structure of the output pole base 2, and the fitting 23 is fixedly connected to the end plate 1, so as to achieve complete fixation between the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1.
  • the fixed connection between the above-mentioned fitting 23 and the end plate 1 may be: the fitting 23 and the end plate 1 are interference fit, so as to achieve a fixed connection between the end plate 1 and the output pole base 2 and to Compared with the contour complementary connection of the plastic part (output pole base) and the metal part (end plate) in the prior art, the interference fit between the two metal parts has higher connection reliability.
  • the above-mentioned fixing connection between the fitting piece 23 and the end plate 1 can also be as follows: as shown in FIG. 5, the fitting piece 23 and the end plate 1 are made of metal, and there is a difference in hardness between the two, for example, fitting The hardness of the piece 23 is greater than the hardness of the end plate 1, so that the fitting piece 23 can penetrate into the end plate 1, or the hardness of the end plate 1 is greater than the hardness of the fitting piece 23, so that the end plate 1 can penetrate the fitting piece 23.
  • the reliability of the connection between the two can be further improved, and after the mating piece 23 is pierced into the end plate 1, the matching piece 23 can be reduced.
  • the relative displacement with the end plate 1 along the height direction H reduces the risk of the output pole base 2 vibrating along the height direction H, and improves the connection reliability between the output pole connecting piece 3 and the unit cell pole.
  • the end plate 1 includes a mating wall 11 made of metal, and at the same time, the mating member 23 includes one or more claws 231.
  • the claws 231 are made of metal and can penetrate into the mating wall 11. That is, the hardness of the claw 231 is greater than the hardness of the mating wall 11.
  • the fixed connection between the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1 can be realized by the claw 231 and the mating wall 11.
  • the fitting 23 includes two claws 231 and a first connecting plate 232, and the two claws 231 are located on both sides of the mating wall 11 along the width direction W, and the first connection plate 232 is along the width direction.
  • the two ends of the W are connected to the two claws 231, so that the claws 231 on both sides of the mating wall 11 are connected as a whole, the integrity of the mating piece 23 is improved, and the reliability of the connection between the mating piece 23 and the end plate 1 is improved.
  • the connection reliability of the mating piece 23 and the end plate 1 can be further improved, and the structure on both sides of the mating piece 23 is relatively
  • the walls 11 are symmetrical with each other, so that the force on the connecting position of the mating piece 23 and the end plate 1 can be made more uniform, the risk of stress concentration can be reduced, and the service life of each component can be improved.
  • the output pole base 2 is provided with a plurality of the aforementioned fitting parts 23 along the width direction W. Accordingly, the end plate 1 is provided with a plurality of the aforementioned fitting walls 11, thereby further Improve the reliability of the connection between the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1.
  • the output pole base 2 includes two matching pieces 23 along the width direction W
  • the end plate 1 includes two matching walls 11 along the width direction W.
  • the output pole base 2 is installed above the end plate 1, and the claw 231 is inclined relative to the mating wall 11, and the inclined direction is upward.
  • the output pole base 2 when the battery module is assembled, the output pole base 2 is press-fitted to the end plate 1 from above and below. During the press-fitting process, the claws 231 of the output pole base 2 penetrate the mating wall 11 of the end plate 1. Moreover, after being pierced, the claw 231 is still inclined upward. When the output pole base 2 vibrates, the claw 231 can be prevented from falling out of the mating wall 11, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the two.
  • the end of the claw 231 has a small thickness, forming the tip of the claw 231.
  • the stress of the tip on the mating wall 11 is greater Thereby, it is possible to promote the penetration of the claw 231 into the fitting wall 11.
  • the pawl 231 has one or more of the above-mentioned tips, and each tip is distributed along the length direction L, and each tip is connected as a whole through the first connecting plate 232.
  • the pawl 231 has four above-mentioned tips along the length direction L, and each tip can penetrate the mating wall 11. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the number of tips in the claws 231 can be set according to the size of the mating wall 11. When the size of the mating wall 11 along the length direction L is larger, the number of tips increases. When the size of the length direction L is small, the number of tips decreases. Therefore, in this application, the number of the aforementioned tips is not limited.
  • the above-mentioned fitting 23 is mounted on the mounting member 22 of the output pole base 2.
  • the mounting member 22 is provided with a mounting slot 221, and the matching member 23 is located in the mounting slot 221.
  • the installation groove 221 has two opposite side walls 221a, the two side walls 221a are connected by a bottom wall 221b, and the bottom of the side wall 221a of the installation groove 221 has a card groove 221c, and the installation groove 221
  • the bottom wall 221b has a first limiting portion 221d. Therefore, along the height direction H, one end of the fitting member 23 is clamped to the slot 221c, and the other end abuts against the first limiting portion 221d.
  • the freedom of movement of the matching member 23 relative to the mounting member 22 in the height direction H can be restricted, thereby preventing The fitting piece 23 comes out of the mounting piece 22 in the height direction H.
  • the card slot 221c is inclined with respect to the height direction H, that is, the bottom wall of the card slot 221c forms an angle with the height direction H, and the side wall of the card slot 221c is different from the height direction H.
  • the bottom of the fitting 23 also includes a third connecting plate 234, which is inclined with respect to the height direction H, so that the third connecting plate 234 can be clamped in the slot 221c, and The pawl 231 is inclined with respect to the height direction H.
  • the first limiting portion 221d may be a convex rib provided on the bottom wall 221b of the installation groove 221, and the convex rib protrudes toward the inside of the installation groove 221 and extends along The length direction L extends so as to be able to abut the first connecting plate 232 of the fitting 23.
  • the side wall 221a of the mounting groove 221 also has a second limiting portion 221e.
  • the pawl 231 includes two second connecting plates 233, and two There is a gap between the second connecting plates 233 along the length direction L, so that the second limiting portion 221e is clamped between the two second connecting plates 223, so as to limit the freedom of movement of the mating member 23 along the length direction L and prevent the mating The piece 23 comes out of the mounting piece 22 along the length direction L.
  • the second limiting portion 221 e may be a bump provided on the side wall 221 a of the mounting groove 221, and the bump protrudes toward the inside of the mounting groove 221.
  • the fitting piece 23 is located in the installation groove 221 of the installation piece 22, so that the two side walls 221a of the installation groove 221 can restrict the freedom of movement of the fitting piece 23 in the width direction W, preventing the fitting piece 23 It escapes from the mounting member 22 in the width direction W.
  • the fitting member 23 can be mounted on the mounting member 22, and the above structure makes the two The reliability of the connection is high.
  • the end plate 1 has a plurality of first matching cavities 12, and along the width direction W, both sides of the matching wall 11 have the first matching cavities 12, when the output pole base 2 When it is press-fitted on the end plate 1, the two side walls 221a of the mounting groove 221 are respectively located in the two first matching cavities 12, and the two parts of the fitting member 23 in the width direction are respectively located in the first matching cavities 12.
  • the end plate 1 includes an inner plate 14 and an outer plate 15 distributed along the length direction L, and the two are connected by the above-mentioned matching wall 11.
  • the inner plate 14, the outer plate 15 and the matching wall 11 enclose the first matching Cavity 12.
  • the end plate 1 includes a plurality of mutually spaced cavity structures, which can reduce the weight of the end plate 1 while ensuring its high strength and rigidity, thereby improving the battery module The energy density.
  • the mounting member 22 further includes a guide portion 222.
  • the end plate 1 has a second mating cavity 13, and the guide portion 222 is matched with the second mating cavity 13 for assembly At this time, the guiding portion 222 and the second matching cavity 13 play a role of guiding the output pole base 2 so as to realize the installation of the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1.
  • the guide portion 222 is located between the two matching pieces 23, and correspondingly, the second matching cavity 13 is located between the two first matching cavities 12.
  • the middle part of the end plate 1 is provided with the first matching cavity 12 and the second matching cavity 13, and the second matching cavity 13 communicates with the first matching cavity 12.
  • the above-mentioned matching wall 11 can also be arranged between the second matching cavity 13 and the first matching cavity 12 to separate the two matching cavities and to further improve the strength and rigidity of the end plate 1.
  • the inner wall of the second mating cavity 13 is provided with an end plate boss 131 which protrudes toward the inside of the second mating cavity 13, and the end plate boss 131 is provided on the inner plate 14 or the outer plate 15 of the end plate 1.
  • the guide portion 222 is located between the inner plate 14 and the end plate boss 131 and is installed with both.
  • the side wall 221 a of the mounting groove 221 in the component 22 is located in the first matching cavity 12 and is matched with the side wall of the first matching cavity 12.
  • the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1 can be installed when they are in the relative position shown in Figure 4 (the output pole base 2 is placed in the forward direction), and when the two are reversed along the length direction L (the output pole When the base 2 is placed reversely), due to the existence of the end plate boss 131, when the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1 are installed, the end plate boss 131 and the side wall of the guide portion 222 interfere, that is, the two cannot be installed. Therefore, in this embodiment, by providing the end plate boss 131, it is possible to prevent the output pole base 2 from being reversed.
  • the guide portion 222 has a first end 222a and a second end 222b along the width direction W, wherein the size of the second end 222b is smaller than that of the first end.
  • the size of the portion 222a is connected by an inclined arc structure, so that the guide portion 222 has a dovetail structure, and the guide portion 222 of the dovetail structure can be compatible with the end plate of the dovetail groove in the prior art.
  • the matching can also be matched with the end plate 1 provided with a square slot (as shown in FIG. 4) in the prior art. Therefore, the guide portion 222 of this structure makes the output pole base 2 more suitable.
  • the mounting member 22 has one or more ribs 223, each rib 223 extends along the height direction H, wherein each rib 223 is disposed on the side wall 221a of the mounting groove 221 and the guide portion 222.
  • the convex rib 223 provided on the side wall 221a of the mounting groove 221 abuts against the inner wall of the first matching cavity 12, and the convex rib 223 provided on the guide portion 222 abuts against the inner wall of the second matching cavity 13, so that the output pole base 2 and During the installation process of the end plate 1, the output pole base 2 is manually installed on the end plate 1, and the abutting ribs 223 and the inner wall of the corresponding matching cavity can play a guiding role.
  • the mounting member 22 also includes a bump 224, the bump 224 is located above the rib 223, when the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1 are manually installed, as the output pole base 2 is installed, the bump 224 and The upper end surface of the end plate 1 is against each other, and the output pole base 2 cannot be moved manually by hand.
  • the output pole base 2 can be pressed down through the mechanical tooling, and the bumps 224 can be flattened to realize the mounting part 22 and the end plate 1 Interference fit.
  • the distributed installation of the output pole base 2 can be realized, that is, the position of the output pole base 2 is fixed by manual pre-installation, and then press-fitting is realized through tooling.
  • the above-mentioned installation process can absorb the manufacturing error of the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1, thereby helping to improve the installation reliability.
  • the cross section of the protruding rib 223 is one or more of triangle, rhombus, and cone. At this time, the mating surface between the protruding rib 223 and the inner wall of the matching cavity is small, thereby reducing the manual operation between the two. Friction during installation.
  • the side wall 221a and the guide portion 222 of the mounting groove 221 in the mounting member 22 are in interference fit with the mating cavity in the end plate 1.
  • the interference fit structure can withstand the installation process It can prevent the reliability of the connection between the output pole base 2 and the end plate 1 from being reduced under the torque.
  • An embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle including the battery module described in the foregoing embodiment.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电池模组及车辆，该电池模组包括：单元电池；端板，位于电池模组沿长度方向的端部；输出极底座，包括固定连接的安装件和配合件，配合件为金属材质，且配合件与端板固定连接，以限制输出极底座相对于端板沿高度方向、宽度方向和长度方向运动的自由度。在输出极底座的塑胶结构中增设金属材质的配合件，并通过该配合件与端板固定连接，实现输出极底座与端板之间的完全固定，降低电池模组振动过程中输出极底座与端板之间相对运动的风险，从而降低采样结构断裂的风险，并提高输出极连接片与单元电池极柱之间的连接可靠性，提高电池模组的寿命。

Description

一种电池模组及车辆
本申请要求于2019年04月15日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910298777.3、申请名称为“一种电池模组”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件技术领域，尤其涉及一种电池模组及车辆。
背景技术
电池模组包括输出极底座，用于为输出极连接片和模组连接片提供绝缘保护。通常情况下，该输出极底座位于电池模组沿长度方向的端部，并与端板固定。具体方式为：在端板开设加工槽，同时，输出极底座底部设置凸块与该加工槽配合，从而使得该输出极底座与端板之间通过轮廓互补配合的方式相连。采用该连接方式时，输出极底座的凸块与端板的加工槽之间存在间隙，二者无法完全固定。
当电池模组发生振动时，带动输出极底座振动，进而引起与输出极连接片相连的采样结构断裂，并引起输出极连接片与极柱之间断裂失效，导致电池模组无法正常工作。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种电池模组及车辆，用以解决现有技术中输出极底座与端板无法完全固定导致的电池模组无法正常工作的问题。
本申请实施例提供了一种电池模组，包括：
单元电池；端板，位于所述电池模组沿长度方向的端部；输出极底座，所述输出极底座包括固定连接的安装件和配合件，所述配合件为金属材质，且所述配合件与所述端板固定连接，以限制所述输出极底座相对于所述端 板沿高度方向、宽度方向和长度方向运动的自由度。
可选地，所述配合件与所述端板过盈配合，或者；所述配合件与所述端板具有硬度差，以使所述配合件能够刺入所述端板，或所述端板的一部分能够刺入所述配合件。
可选地，所述端板包括配合壁，所述配合壁为金属材质；所述配合件包括一个或多个卡爪，所述卡爪为金属材质，且至少部分刺入所述配合壁。
可选地，沿所述电池模组的宽度方向，所述配合壁的两侧均设置有所述卡爪；所述配合件还包括第一连接板，所述第一连接板沿宽度方向W的两端连接在位于所述配合壁两侧的所述卡爪。
可选地，沿所述电池模组的高度方向，所述卡爪相对于所述配合壁倾斜，且倾斜方向向上。
可选地，所述安装件开设有安装槽，所述配合件位于所述安装槽内，所述安装槽的侧壁具有卡槽，所述安装槽的底壁具有第一限位部，所述卡槽和所述第一限位部沿高度方向分布；沿高度方向，所述配合件的一端卡接于所述卡槽，另一端与所述第一限位部相抵。
可选地，所述安装槽的侧壁还具有第二限位部，所述配合件卡接于所述第二限位部，以便限制所述配合件沿长度方向运动的自由度。
可选地，所述端板具有第一配合腔，所述第一配合腔位于所述配合壁沿宽度方向的两侧；所述安装槽的侧壁位于所述第一配合腔内，且所述安装槽的侧壁与所述第一配合腔配合。
可选地，所述安装件还包括导向部，所述端板具有第二配合腔，所述导向部与所述第二配合腔相适配。
可选地，所述第二配合腔沿长度方向L的内壁设置有端板凸台。
可选地，沿宽度方向，所述导向部具有第一端部和第二端部，所述第二端部沿长度方向L的尺寸小于所述第一端部沿长度方向的尺寸。
可选地，所述安装件具有一个或多个凸筋，所述凸筋沿高度方向延伸；所述凸筋的截面为三角形、菱形、锥形中的一种或多种。
可选地，所述安装件还包括凸块，所述凸块位于所述凸筋的上方。
本申请实施例还提供了一种车辆，包括上述任一项所述的电池模组。
本申请中，在输出极底座的塑胶结构中增设金属材质的配合件，并通过该配合件与端板固定连接，从而能够实现输出极底座与端板之间的完全 固定，降低电池模组振动过程中输出极底座与端板之间相对运动的风险，从而降低采样结构断裂的风险，并提高输出极连接片与单元电池极柱之间的连接可靠性，提高电池模组的寿命。同时，由于配合件与端板均为金属材质，长期工作时，二者之间形成间隙的可能性较小，从而能够进一步提高电池模组的寿命。
附图说明
图1为本申请所提供电池模组在一种具体实施例中的局部结构示意图；
图2为图1中端板与输出极底座配合的结构示意图；
图3为图2的正视图；
图4为图2的仰视图；
图5为图3的局部剖视图；
图6为图5中Ⅰ部分的局部放大图；
图7为图2中输出极底座的结构示意图；
图8为图7的正视图；
图9为图8的仰视图；
图10为图7中Ⅱ部分的局部放大图；
图11为图10中去掉配合件的结构示意图；
图12为图2中端板的结构示意图；
图13为图12的俯视图。
附图标记：
1-端板；11-配合壁；12-第一配合腔；13-第二配合腔；131-端板凸台；14-内板；15-外板；
2-输出极底座；21-本体；22-安装件；221-安装槽；221a-侧壁；221b-底壁；221c-卡槽；221d-第一限位部；221e-第二限位部；222-导向部；222a-第一端部；222b-第二端部；223-凸筋；224-凸块；23-配合件；231-卡爪；232-第一连接板；233-第二连接板；234-第三连接板；
3-输出极连接片；
4-模组连接片；
5-螺栓。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明实施例的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，均属于本发明保护的范围。
请参考附图1～13，其中，图1为本申请所提供电池模组在一种具体实施例中的局部结构示意图；图2为图1中端板与输出极底座配合的结构示意图；图3为图2的正视图；图4为图2的仰视图；图5为图3的局部剖视图；图6为图5中Ⅰ部分的局部放大图；图7为图2中输出极底座的结构示意图；图8为图7的正视图；图9为图8的仰视图；图10为图7中Ⅱ部分的局部放大图；图11为图10中去掉配合件的结构示意图；图12为图2中端板的结构示意图；图13为图12的俯视图。
本申请实施例提供一种电池模组，该电池模组包括壳体(图中未示出)，该壳体具有内腔；还包括一个或多个单元电池(图中未示出)，当电池模组包括多个单元电池时，各单元电池按预设规律堆叠于壳体的内腔，通常情况下，各单元电池的堆叠方向为该电池模组的长度方向L。其中，该壳体包括两端板1和两侧板，且端板1和侧板固定连接，形成该电池模组的壳体，对各单元电池起到保护作用。
同时，在电池模组中，最外侧的单元电池的极柱与输出极连接片3相连接，在电池包中，相邻电池模组的输出极连接片3与模组连接片4相连接，该电池模组还包括输出极底座2，如图1所示，上述输出极连接片3和模组连接片4均与该输出极底座2相连，该输出极底座2用于为输出极连接片3和模组连接片4提供绝缘保护。
其中，如图1所示，该输出极底座2包括本体21，且该本体21内设置有螺母，输出极连接片3与模组连接片4均开设螺栓孔，连接时，螺栓5穿过二者的螺栓孔并与本体21内的螺母固定连接。
通常情况下，该输出极底座2位于电池模组沿长度方向L的端部，并与 端板1固定。具体方式为：在端板1开设加工槽(例如燕尾槽)，同时，输出极底座2底部设置凸块(例如燕尾形凸块)与该加工槽配合，从而使得该输出极底座2与端板1之间通过轮廓互补配合的方式相连。采用该连接方式时，输出极底座2的凸块与端板1的加工槽之间存在间隙，输出极底座2与端板1沿长度方向L、宽度方向W和高度方向H均无法实现完全固定。
同时，由于端板1为金属材质，而输出极底座2为塑胶材质，当二者采用轮廓互补配合的方式连接时，二者之间的间隙逐渐增大，从而导致二者之间的连接可靠性下降。
因此，当电池模组发生振动时，带动输出极底座2振动，进而引起与输出极连接片3相连的采样结构断裂，导致无法对电池模组正常采样。另外，当输出极底座2沿高度方向H振动位移较大时，输出极连接片3与单元电池极柱之间的连接可靠性降低，进而断裂失效，导致电池模组无法正常工作。本申请主要通过优化输出极底座2的结构来解决上述技术问题。
其中，如图7和图8所示，该输出极底座2包括固定连接的本体21、安装件22和配合件23，其中，本体21开设有螺纹孔，用于与输出极连接片3和模组连接片4通过螺栓5连接，且该本体21为塑胶材质，从而能够为输出极连接片3和模组连接片4提供绝缘保护。同时，安装件22与本体21为一体式结构，也为塑胶材质，该安装件22用于安装配合件23，该配合件23为金属材质，且该配合件23用于与端板1固定连接，以限制输出极底座2相对于端板1沿高度方向H、长度方向L和宽度方向运动的自由度。
本申请中，在输出极底座2的塑胶结构中增设金属材质的配合件23，并通过该配合件23与端板1固定连接，从而能够实现输出极底座2与端板1之间的完全固定，降低电池模组振动过程中输出极底座2与端板1之间相对运动的风险，从而降低采样结构断裂的风险，并提高输出极连接片3与单元电池极柱之间的连接可靠性，提高电池模组的寿命。同时，由于配合件23与端板1均为金属材质，长期工作时，二者之间形成间隙的可能性较小，从而能够进一步提高电池模组的寿命。
其中，上述配合件23与端板1之间的固定连接方式可为：配合件23与端板1过盈配合，从而能够实现端板1与输出极底座2之间的固定连接，且与现有技术中的塑胶部件(输出极底座)与金属部件(端板)轮廓互补配合连接相比，两金属部件之间的过盈配合具有较高的连接可靠性。
或者，上述配合件23与端板1之间的固定连接方式还可为：如图5所示，配合件23与端板1均为金属材质，且二者之间具有硬度差，例如，配合件23的硬度大于端板1的硬度，从而使得配合件23能够刺入端板1内，或端板1的硬度大于配合件23的硬度，从而使得端板1能够刺入配合件23内。本实施例中，通过配合件23与端板1之间刺入的连接方式，能够进一步提高二者之间的连接可靠性，且配合件23刺入端板1后，能够减小配合件23与端板1之间沿高度方向H的相对位移，从而降低输出极底座2沿高度方向H振动的风险，提高输出极连接片3与单元电池极柱之间的连接可靠性。
其中，如图5所示，该端板1包括金属材质的配合壁11，同时，配合件23包括一个或多个卡爪231，该卡爪231为金属材质，且能够刺入配合壁11，即该卡爪231的硬度大于配合壁11的硬度。本实施例中，通过卡爪231与配合壁11能够实现输出极底座2与端板1之间的固定连接。
进一步地，如图6所示，该配合件23包括两卡爪231和第一连接板232，且两卡爪231沿宽度方向W位于配合壁11的两侧，第一连接板232沿宽度方向W的两端连接在两卡爪231，从而将配合壁11两侧的卡爪231连接为一体，提高该配合件23的完整性，并提高配合件23与端板1连接的可靠性。
本实施例中，通过在配合壁11沿宽度的两侧均设置该卡爪231，能够进一步提高该配合件23与端板1的连接可靠性，且该配合件23两侧的结构相对于配合壁11相互对称，从而能够使得配合件23与端板1相连位置的受力更加均匀，降低应力集中的风险，提高各部件的使用寿命。
同时，由于端板1沿宽度方向W延伸，因此，沿宽度方向W，该输出极底座2设置有多个上述配合件23，相应地，端板1设置有多个上述配合壁11，从而进一步提高输出极底座2与端板1之间的连接可靠性。如图4所示的实施例中，该输出极底座2沿宽度方向W包括两个配合件23，端板1沿宽度方向W包括两个配合壁11。
另一方面，沿电池模组的高度方向H，输出极底座2安装于端板1的上方，且卡爪231相对于配合壁11倾斜，且倾斜方向向上。
本申请中，该电池模组装配时，将输出极底座2从上之下压装于端板1，压装过程中，输出极底座2的卡爪231刺入端板1的配合壁11，且刺入后，卡爪231仍向上倾斜，当输出极底座2振动时，能够防止卡爪231从配合壁11中脱出，从而提高二者之间的连接可靠性。
其中，如图7～10所示，该卡爪231的端部厚度较小，形成卡爪231的尖端，当该卡爪231与配合壁11接触时，该尖端对配合壁11的应力较大，从而能够促进卡爪231刺入配合壁11。同时，该卡爪231具有一个或多个上述尖端，各尖端沿长度方向L分布，且各尖端均通过第一连接板232连接为一体。
如图9所示的实施例中，该卡爪231沿长度方向L具有4个上述尖端，且各尖端均能够刺入配合壁11。可以理解，本实施例中，卡爪231中的尖端个数可根据配合壁11的尺寸设置，当配合壁11沿长度方向L的尺寸较大时，尖端的个数增多，当配合壁11沿长度方向L的尺寸较小时，尖端的个数减小。因此，本申请中，对上述尖端的个数不作限定。
另一方面，上述配合件23安装于输出极底座2的安装件22，其中，如图10和图11所示，该安装件22开设有安装槽221，该配合件23位于安装槽221内，且沿宽度方向W，该安装槽221具有相对设置的两侧壁221a，两侧壁221a之间通过底壁221b相连，且该安装槽221的侧壁221a的底部具有卡槽221c，安装槽221的底壁221b具有第一限位部221d，因此，沿高度方向H，配合件23的一端卡接于卡槽221c，另一端与第一限位部221d相抵。
本实施例中，通过在安装件22设置沿高度方向H分布的卡槽221c和第一限位部221d，能够限制该配合件23相对于安装件22沿高度方向H运动的自由度，从而防止配合件23从安装件22中沿高度方向H脱出。
其中，如图10和图11所示，该卡槽221c相对于高度方向H倾斜，即该卡槽221c的底壁与高度方向H呈夹角，该卡槽221c的侧壁不与高度方向H平行，同时，该配合件23底部还包括第三连接板234，该第三连接板234相对于高度方向H倾斜，从而使得该第三连接板234能够卡接于该卡槽221c内，并使得卡爪231相对于高度方向H倾斜。
另一方面，如图10和图11所示，该第一限位部221d具体可为设置于安装槽221底壁221b的凸棱，且该凸棱朝向安装槽221的内部凸起，并沿长度方向L延伸，从而能够与配合件23的第一连接板232相抵。
同时，如图10和图11所示，该安装槽221的侧壁221a还具有第二限位部221e，相应地，沿长度方向L，该卡爪231包括两第二连接板233，且两第二连接板233之间沿长度方向L具有间隙，从而使得第二限位部221e卡接于两第二连接板223之间，以便限制配合件23沿长度方向L运动的自由度，防止配合件23从安装件22中沿长度方向L脱出。
其中，如图10和图11所示，该第二限位部221e具体可为设于安装槽221侧壁221a的凸块，且该凸块朝向安装槽221的内部凸起。
另外，如上所述，该配合件23位于安装件22的安装槽221内，从而能够通过该安装槽221的两侧壁221a限制该配合件23沿宽度方向W运动的自由度，防止配合件23从安装件22中沿宽度方向W脱出。
综上，本申请中，通过在安装件22设置上述第一限位部221d、卡槽221c和第二限位部221e，能够实现配合件23安装于安装件22，且通过上述结构使得二者之间的连接可靠性较高。
进一步地，如图12和图13所示，该端板1具有多个第一配合腔12，且沿宽度方向W，配合壁11的两侧均具有该第一配合腔12，当输出极底座2压装于端板1时，上述安装槽221的两侧壁221a分别位于两第一配合腔12内，且配合件23沿宽度方向的两部分结构分别位于该第一配合腔12内。其中，该端板1包括沿长度方向L分布的内板14和外板15，二者之间通过上述配合壁11相连，该内板14、外板15和配合壁11围成该第一配合腔12。
因此，本实施例中，该端板1包括多个相互间隔的空腔结构，从而在保证其具有较高的强度和刚度的同时，能够减小该端板1的重量，从而提高电池模组的能量密度。
更进一步地，如图7～9所示，该安装件22还包括导向部222，相应地，端板1具有第二配合腔13，该导向部222与第二配合腔13相适配，装配时，该导向部222与第二配合腔13起到导向输出极底座2的作用，从而实现输出极底座2与端板1的安装。
其中，如图7～9所示的实施例中，沿宽度方向W，该导向部222位于两配合件23之间，相应地，该第二配合腔13位于两第一配合腔12之间。如图4和图13所示，沿宽度方向W，端板1的中部设置有上述第一配合腔12与第二配合腔13，且该第二配合腔13与第一配合腔12连通，当然，该第二配合腔13与第一配合腔12之间也可设置上述配合壁11，以隔开两配合腔，并能够进一步提高该端板1的强度和刚度。
其中，如图12和图13所示，该第二配合腔13的内壁设置有端板凸台131，该端板凸台131朝向第二配合腔13的内部凸起，且该端板凸台131设置于端板1的内板14或外板15。
如图4所示，当该端板凸台131设置于外板15时，导向部222位于该内板 14与端板凸台131之间，并与二者安装，同时，如上所述，安装件22中安装槽221的侧壁221a位于第一配合腔12，并与第一配合腔12的侧壁配合。因此，该输出极底座2与端板1中，二者处于图4所示的相对位置(输出极底座2正向放置)时，能够实现安装，当二者沿长度方向L反向(输出极底座2反向放置)时，由于受到端板凸台131的存在，输出极底座2与端板1安装时，端板凸台131与导向部222的侧壁干涉，即二者无法安装。因此，本实施例中，通过设置端板凸台131，能够防止输出极底座2装反。
同时，如图4和图9所示的实施例中，该导向部222沿宽度方向W具有第一端部222a和第二端部222b，其中，该第二端部222b的尺寸小于第一端部222a的尺寸，且二者之间通过倾斜的圆弧结构相连，从而使得该导向部222为燕尾形结构，且该燕尾形结构的导向部222能够与现有技术中开设燕尾槽的端板配合，也能够与现有技术中开设方形槽(如图4所示)的端板1配合，因此，该结构的导向部222使得输出极底座2具有较高的适用性。
另一方面，如图8所示，该安装件22具有一个或多个凸筋223，各凸筋223沿高度方向H延伸，其中，各凸筋223设置于安装槽221侧壁221a以及导向部222，设置于安装槽221侧壁221a的凸筋223与第一配合腔12的内壁相抵，设置于导向部222的凸筋223与第二配合腔13的内壁相抵，因此，输出极底座2与端板1安装过程中，手动将输出极底座2安装于端板1，相抵的凸筋223与对应配合腔内壁能够起到导向的作用。
同时，该安装件22还包括凸块224，该凸块224位于凸筋223的上方，当手动安装输出极底座2与端板1时，随着输出极底座2的装入，凸块224与端板1的上端面相抵，手动无法实现输出极底座2继续运动，此时，可通过机械工装继续下压输出极底座2，并将凸块224压平，实现安装件22与端板1的过盈配合。
因此，本实施例中，通过上述凸筋223和凸块224，能够实现输出极底座2的分布安装，即通过手动预安装，实现输出极底座2位置的固定，然后通过工装实现压装。上述安装过程能够吸收输出极底座2与端板1的制造误差，从而有助于提高安装可靠性。
其中，上述凸筋223的截面为三角形、菱形、锥形中的一种或多种，此时，该凸筋223与配合腔内壁之间的配合面较小，从而减小二者之间手动安装过程中的摩擦力。
以上各实施例中，安装件22中安装槽221的侧壁221a、导向部222均与端板1中的配合腔过盈配合，当安装螺栓5时，过盈配合的结构能够承受安装过程中的扭矩，并能够防止在该扭矩作用下导致输出极底座2与端板1之间的连接可靠性降低。
本申请实施例还提供了一种车辆，包括上述实施例中描述的电池模组。
本说明书中各实施例或实施方式采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似部分相互参见即可。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施方式”、“一些实施方式”、“示意性实施方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种电池模组，其特征在于，包括：
    单元电池；
    端板，位于所述电池模组沿长度方向的端部；
    输出极底座，所述输出极底座包括固定连接的安装件和配合件，所述配合件为金属材质，且所述配合件与所述端板固定连接，以限制所述输出极底座相对于所述端板沿高度方向、宽度方向和长度方向运动的自由度。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述配合件与所述端板过盈配合，或者；
    所述配合件与所述端板具有硬度差，以使所述配合件能够刺入所述端板，或所述端板的一部分能够刺入所述配合件。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述端板包括配合壁，所述配合壁为金属材质；
    所述配合件包括一个或多个卡爪，所述卡爪为金属材质，且至少部分刺入所述配合壁。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿所述电池模组的宽度方向，所述配合壁的两侧均设置有所述卡爪；
    所述配合件还包括第一连接板，所述第一连接板沿宽度方向的两端连接在位于所述配合壁两侧的所述卡爪。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿所述电池模组的高度方向，所述卡爪相对于所述配合壁倾斜，且倾斜方向向上。
  6. 根据权利要求3～5任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述卡爪的端部具有一个或者多个尖端。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述安装件开设有安装槽，所述配合件位于所述安装槽内，所述安装槽的侧壁具有卡槽，所述安装槽的底壁具有第一限位部，所述卡槽和所述第一限位部沿高度方向分布；
    沿高度方向，所述配合件的一端卡接于所述卡槽，另一端与所述第一限位部相抵。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述安装槽的侧壁 还具有第二限位部，所述配合件卡接于所述第二限位部，以便限制所述配合件沿长度方向运动的自由度。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述端板具有第一配合腔，所述第一配合腔位于所述配合壁沿宽度方向的两侧；
    所述安装槽的侧壁位于所述第一配合腔内，且所述安装槽的侧壁与所述第一配合腔配合。
  10. 根据权利要求1～9任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述安装件还包括导向部，所述端板具有第二配合腔，所述导向部与所述第二配合腔相适配。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述第二配合腔沿长度方向的内壁设置有端板凸台。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的电池模组，其特征在于，沿宽度方向，所述导向部具有第一端部和第二端部，所述第二端部沿长度方向的尺寸小于所述第一端部沿长度方向的尺寸。
  13. 根据权利要求1～12任一项所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述安装件具有一个或多个凸筋，所述凸筋沿高度方向延伸；
    所述凸筋的截面为三角形、菱形、锥形中的一种或多种。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电池模组，其特征在于，所述安装件还包括凸块，所述凸块位于所述凸筋的上方。
  15. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～14任一项所述的电池模组。
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