WO2020217781A1 - 到来方向推定装置、システム、及び、到来方向推定方法 - Google Patents
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- WO2020217781A1 WO2020217781A1 PCT/JP2020/011534 JP2020011534W WO2020217781A1 WO 2020217781 A1 WO2020217781 A1 WO 2020217781A1 JP 2020011534 W JP2020011534 W JP 2020011534W WO 2020217781 A1 WO2020217781 A1 WO 2020217781A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/80—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- G01S3/802—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/8027—By vectorial composition of signals received by plural, differently-oriented transducers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/80—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- G01S3/8006—Multi-channel systems specially adapted for direction-finding, i.e. having a single aerial system capable of giving simultaneous indications of the directions of different signals
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/80—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- G01S3/802—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/808—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using transducers spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems
- G01S3/8083—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using transducers spaced apart and measuring phase or time difference between signals therefrom, i.e. path-difference systems determining direction of source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
- H04R1/406—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers
- H04R3/005—Circuits for transducers for combining the signals of two or more microphones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10L—SPEECH ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES OR SPEECH SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION; SPEECH OR VOICE PROCESSING TECHNIQUES; SPEECH OR AUDIO CODING OR DECODING
- G10L19/00—Speech or audio signals analysis-synthesis techniques for redundancy reduction, e.g. in vocoders; Coding or decoding of speech or audio signals, using source filter models or psychoacoustic analysis
- G10L19/008—Multichannel audio signal coding or decoding using interchannel correlation to reduce redundancy, e.g. joint-stereo, intensity-coding or matrixing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/40—Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/401—2D or 3D arrays of transducers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/40—Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/405—Non-uniform arrays of transducers or a plurality of uniform arrays with different transducer spacing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
- H04S2420/11—Application of ambisonics in stereophonic audio systems
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an arrival direction estimation device, a system, and an arrival direction estimation method.
- the sound field is recorded using, for example, an acoustic capturing device.
- the acoustic capturing device is composed of, for example, a plurality of directional microphones or omnidirectional microphones arranged in a sound field in a regular tetrahedron shape or a spherical shape.
- the acoustic information recorded by the acoustic capturing device is used, for example, to estimate the direction of each sound source existing in the sound field (in other words, the direction of arrival of a sound wave (or an acoustic signal)).
- the non-limiting examples of the present disclosure contribute to the provision of an arrival direction estimation device, a system, and an arrival direction estimation method capable of improving the estimation accuracy of the arrival direction of an acoustic signal.
- the arrival direction estimation device is based on the difference between the unit vectors indicating the direction of the sound source in each of the plurality of frequency components of the signal recorded in the microphone array, and the frequencies for the plurality of frequency components. It includes a calculation circuit for calculating each weighting coefficient and an estimation circuit for estimating the arrival direction of the signal from the sound source based on the frequency weighting coefficient.
- the extraction performance of acoustic object sounds can be improved.
- Block diagram showing an example of recording multiple sound fields with an Ambisonics microphone The figure which shows an example of the method of estimating PIV using an SMA signal.
- Block diagram showing a configuration example of the weighting coefficient calculation unit Diagram showing a selection example of DoA unit vector A block diagram showing a configuration example of an acoustic signal transmission system according to an embodiment.
- a block diagram showing a configuration example of a part of the arrival direction estimation device according to the embodiment A block diagram showing a configuration example of an arrival direction estimation device according to an embodiment.
- a block diagram showing a configuration example of a weighting coefficient calculation unit according to an embodiment Block diagram showing a configuration example of the weighting coefficient calculation unit according to variation 1.
- the ambisonics signal corresponding to the sound field can be obtained directly from the B-format microphone or indirectly from the A-format microphone.
- this sound field can be represented by, for example, first-order Ambisonics (FOA).
- the sound field can be represented by Higher Order Ambisonics (HOA) from a signal obtained by using a spherical microphone array (Spherical Microphone Array, SMA).
- HOA ambisonics signal expressed by HOA
- sound waves arriving from multiple sound sources existing in the sound field for example, also referred to as acoustic signal, audio signal or audio-acoustic signal.
- DoA Direction of Arrival
- DoA estimation of acoustic signals can be applied to sound source detection or tracking, for example, in robots or surveillance systems. Also, DoA estimation of acoustic signals can be applied, for example, to preprocessing of acoustic beamformers or acoustic codecs. The DoA estimation of the sound source can also be applied to the preprocessing of a 6DoF (Degrees of Freedom) application such as a sound field navigation system using cooperative blind separation (for example, Collaborative Blind Source Separation, CBSS).
- 6DoF Degrees of Freedom
- CBSS Collaborative Blind Source Separation
- the signal recorded in the SMA (for example, called a microphone input signal) is converted from the time domain to the frequency domain by using, for example, a Fourier transform (for example, Fast Fourier Transform, FFT). Then, the converted microphone input signal is further converted into a spherical harmonic coefficient (SHC) or a HOA signal by using a spherical harmonic transformation (SHT).
- SHC spherical harmonic coefficient
- SHT spherical harmonic transformation
- the difficulty of DoA estimation increases as the number of sound sources increases, because there are room echoes, background noise, or additive noise of the microphone. Further, for example, when a plurality of sound sources are active at the same time, the signals overlap, or when the plurality of sound sources are close to each other, the difficulty of DoA estimation becomes even higher.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of recording signals from a sound field including sound sources S 1 to S n by the Ambisonics microphone M.
- the Ambisonics microphone M has, for example, Q microphones arranged on the surface.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of the path of the direct wave and the reflected wave from each sound source S 1 to S n to the Ambisonics microphone M.
- a pseudo-intensity vector (PIV) is calculated (in other words, estimated).
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a method of estimating PIV using an SMA signal.
- the SMA records the sound pressure p (n, r q ) with respect to the position r q at time n (time n is represented by t, ⁇ and is represented by p (t, ⁇ , r q ). It may be. Where t is the time in frame ⁇ ).
- the sound pressure p (n, r q ) is converted into the frequency domain signal P (k, ⁇ , r q ) by the short-time Fourier transform (STFT).
- STFT short-time Fourier transform
- k indicates the frequency bin number
- ⁇ indicates the time frame number.
- the frequency domain signal P (k, ⁇ , r q ) SHT is performed on, (in other words, also called Eigenbeam) Ambisonics signal P lm (k) is obtained.
- a PIV (eg, represented as I (k)) is calculated based on the first four channels of the Ambisonics signal Pl .
- the four channels of Plm correspond to W, X, Y, and Z channels.
- the W channel corresponds to an omnidirectional signal component.
- the X, Y, and Z channels correspond to, for example, signal components in the vertical direction, the horizontal direction, and the front-rear direction, respectively.
- the PIV I (k) is calculated using, for example, the ambisonics signal Pl m (k) using the following equation (1).
- k indicates the frequency bin number.
- P 00 * (k) indicates the complex common benefit of the zero-order eigenbeam P 00 (k) (for example, W channel).
- P x (k), P y (k), and P z (k) are the primary eigenbeams P 1 (-1) (k), P 10 (k), and P 11 (k) x, It is obtained by a linear combination using spherical harmonics for aligning (projecting) on the y and z axes, respectively.
- a unit vector (also called a DoA unit vector) u indicating the direction of the sound source is given by, for example, the following equation (2).
- a low arithmetic estimation consistency (EC) approach has been proposed (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
- post-processing is applied to the DoA unit vector estimated for each time-frequency bin (also called a time-frequency (TF) point).
- This post-processing includes, for example, parameter estimation processing for identifying one sound source or noise source, and processing for specifying a time frequency point having more accurate DoA information.
- the DoA estimation accuracy can be improved while reducing the amount of calculation.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of an arrival direction estimation device using the EC approach.
- the DoA unit vector estimation unit 10 estimates the DoA unit vector based on the input SMA signal (in other words, the multi-channel digital acoustic signal or the input audio spectrum).
- the DoA unit vector in the time frame ⁇ and the frequency bin k is expressed as “u ( ⁇ , k)” (or simply expressed as “u”).
- the DoA unit vector u is mathematically expressed by the following equation (3).
- ⁇ indicates the azimuth
- ⁇ indicates the elevation angle (elevation).
- the DoA unit vector is estimated for each time frequency point (eg, ⁇ and k) of the SMA signal and forms, for example, the matrix U (see, eg, FIG. 4).
- the arrival direction estimation device 1 shown in FIG. 3 performs DoA estimation as follows, for example, based on the DoA unit vector u (or matrix U).
- the weighting coefficient calculation unit 20 includes, for example, an average DoA unit vector estimation unit 21, a time weight calculation unit 22, a frequency weight calculation unit 23, and a multiplication unit 24.
- the average DoA unit vector estimation unit 21 calculates the average value u ⁇ ( ⁇ ) of the DoA unit vector u in each time frame ⁇ , for example, as shown in FIG.
- the average value u ⁇ ( ⁇ ) of the DoA unit vector is expressed by, for example, the following equation (4).
- the time weight calculation unit 22 calculates a time weighting coefficient for specifying whether the time frame is composed of a single sound source or a plurality of sound sources (including noise). To do.
- the time weight calculation unit 22 performs this estimation by, for example, calculating the coefficient of variation.
- the coefficient of variation for example, the average value u ⁇ ( ⁇ ) of the DoA unit vector u in each time frame ⁇ estimated by the average DoA unit vector estimation unit 21 may be used.
- the time frame ⁇ is composed of a single sound source or a plurality of sound sources based on the norm (
- the time weight calculation unit 22 calculates, for example, the time weight coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ ) shown in the following equation (5).
- ⁇ ( ⁇ ) indicates whether the time frame ⁇ is composed of a single sound source or a plurality of sound sources or noise. For example, the closer ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is to 1, the more likely it is that a single sound source exists in the time frame ⁇ , and the closer ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is to 0, the more multiple sound sources or noises exist in the time frame ⁇ . Indicates that there is a high possibility.
- the frequency weight calculation unit 23 calculates a frequency weighting coefficient for specifying a frequency point that contributes to the estimation of the original DoA (in other words, accurate DoA) in the DoA estimation. For example, the frequency weight calculation unit 23 calculates the frequency weighting coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) based on the angle deviation (in other words, the angle distance) based on the average DoA unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ) of the time frame ⁇ . To do.
- the frequency weighting coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) is calculated by, for example, the following equation (6).
- ) is a radian notation of the angular deviation.
- the frequency weighting coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) increases as the angular deviation decreases. In other words, in Eq. (6), the frequency weighting coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) becomes closer to 1 as the corresponding DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k) is closer to the average DoA unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ). , The farther the corresponding DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k) is from the average DoA unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ), the closer the value is to 0.
- the multiplication unit 24 estimates the weighting coefficient w ( ⁇ , k) by the product of ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) and ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) as shown in the following equation (7).
- a higher weighting coefficient w ( ⁇ , k) is given to the frequency component k having a DoA unit vector close to the average DoA unit vector.
- a higher weighting coefficient w ( ⁇ ) is obtained for a time frame ⁇ in which ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is close to 1.
- K is given.
- a lower weighting coefficient w ( ⁇ , k) is given because there is a high possibility that a reverberant sound or noise exists.
- the selection unit 30 is likely to be a single sound source from the DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k) based on the weighting coefficient w ( ⁇ , k), and is estimated to be more accurate. Select the DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k) for the frequency point.
- the selection unit 30 has a weighting coefficient of the upper P% among the weighting factors w ( ⁇ , k) corresponding to each time frequency point (in other words, a combination of ⁇ and k).
- the matrix having the selected DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k) as an element is the “matrix U ' ” shown in FIG.
- the value of P may be selected empirically, for example.
- the clustering unit 40 for example, based on information about the number of sound sources N, clustering the selected DoA unit vectors u ( ⁇ , k) from the composed matrix U ', the centroid of each cluster to each sound source Output as the corresponding DoA.
- the direction corresponding to the average DoA unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ) is assumed to be the direction of the sound source (DoA of the acoustic signal) in the time frame ⁇ .
- the arrival direction estimation device 1 uses the angular deviation between the DoA unit vector u at all time frequency points in the observation target range and the average DoA unit vector u ⁇ of each time frame at each time frequency point.
- the certainty of DoA corresponding to the DoA unit vector is calculated as a weighting coefficient.
- the average DoA unit vector may also include a DoA unit vector affected by untargeted sound sources, ambient noise, reverberant sounds, etc. (in other words, Outlier). Therefore, the calculated average DoA unit vector may include untargeted sound source, ambient noise or reverberant components as biases. Therefore, in the arrival direction estimation device 1 shown in FIG. 3, the estimation accuracy of DoA may decrease due to a sound source or noise component that is not a target.
- the signal component may be concentrated in the peak part of the harmonics, and the valley part of the spectrum may be buried in the background noise.
- the characteristics of the original DoA unit vector of the average DoA unit vector can be diluted by a noise component or the like.
- the arrival direction estimation device 1 may not be able to perform robust DoA estimation for an untargeted sound source, ambient noise, reverberant sound, or the like.
- the average DoA unit vector is the average value (in other words, the average value of the DoA unit vectors corresponding to the directions of these close sound sources) even when there is no untargeted sound source or noise component. Then, the direction does not correspond to the direction of any sound source), so that the arrival direction estimation device 1 may reduce the estimation accuracy of DoA.
- FIG. 7 shows a configuration example of a system (for example, an acoustic signal transmission system) according to the present embodiment.
- the acoustic signal transmission system shown in FIG. 7 includes, for example, an arrival direction estimation device 100, a beam former 200, a coding device 300, and a decoding device 400.
- an SMA signal is input to the arrival direction estimation device 100 and the beam former 200 from a spherical microphone array (SMA) (not shown).
- SMA spherical microphone array
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 estimates the arrival direction (DoA) of a signal (for example, an acoustic signal) from a sound source based on the SMA signal, and outputs DoA information regarding the estimated DoA to the beam former 200.
- DoA arrival direction
- An operation example of the arrival direction estimation device 100 will be described later.
- the beamformer 200 performs beamforming processing for forming a beam to the DoA based on the DoA information input from the arrival direction estimation device 100 and the SMA signal.
- the beamformer 200 extracts a target acoustic signal by beamforming processing to DoA, and outputs the extracted acoustic signal to the coding device 300.
- Various methods can be used for the method of configuring the beamformer 200 and the beamforming process.
- the coding device 300 encodes the acoustic signal input from the beam former 200 and sends the coding information to the decoding device 400 via, for example, a transmission line or a storage medium.
- the encoding device 300 is a variety of audio-acoustic codecs (encoders) standardized by Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG), 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T), and the like. May be used.
- the decoding device 400 decodes the coding information (in other words, an acoustic signal) received from the coding device 300 via, for example, a transmission line or a storage medium, and converts it into an electric signal.
- the decoding device 400 for example, outputs an electric signal as a sound wave via a speaker or headphones.
- a decoder corresponding to the above-mentioned audio-acoustic codec may be used.
- the acoustic signal transmission system is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG. 7.
- the DoA information can be treated as an acoustic object by treating it as a set with an acoustic signal as metadata.
- FIG. 8 shows a configuration example of the acoustic signal transmission system in this case.
- the acoustic signal transmission system shown in FIG. 8 includes a metadata encoding device 500, a multiplexing unit 600, a demultiplexing unit 700, a metadata decoding device 800, and a renderer 900, in addition to the configuration of FIG. 7.
- the metadata coding device 500 encodes the DoA information as metadata, and the multiplexing unit 600 multiplexes the metadata coding information and the acoustic signal coding information.
- the demultiplexing unit 700 demultiplexes (multiplexes and separates) the received multiplexing information and separates it into acoustic signal coding information and metadata coding information.
- the metadata decoding device 800 decodes the metadata encoding information, and the renderer 900 performs rendering processing on the decoded acoustic signal based on the metadata information and outputs a stereophonic signal.
- the configuration is not limited to that shown in FIG. 8, and for example, the coding device 300 may be configured to encode a plurality of acoustic objects, and the metadata coding device 500 may have metadata for each of the plurality of acoustic objects. May be configured to encode.
- FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of an acoustic signal transmission system when there are two acoustic objects.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 outputs, for example, information (for example, DoA information) regarding the arrival directions of the two acoustic objects to the beam formers 200-1 and 200-2, respectively.
- the beamformers 200-1 and 200-2 extract the acoustic object signals of the respective arrival direction components based on, for example, the DoA information and the SMA signal, and encode the two types of acoustic object signals, respectively.
- the coding devices 300-1 and 300-2 encode, for example, two acoustic object signals, respectively, and output the coding result (for example, also referred to as acoustic object signal coding information) to the multiplexing unit 600.
- the information regarding the arrival direction (for example, DoA information) of the two acoustic object signals output from the arrival direction estimation device 100 is output to the metadata encoding devices 500-1 and 500-2, respectively.
- the metadata encoding devices 500-1 and 500-2 encode, for example, DoA information as metadata, and output the metadata coding information to the multiplexing unit 600.
- the multiplexing unit 600 for example, multiplexes and packets the metadata coding information and the acoustic object signal coding information and outputs them to the transmission line.
- the multiplexed / packetized information is input to the demultiplexing unit 700 on the receiving side via the transmission line.
- the demultiplexing unit 700 multiplexes, separates, and decomposes the multiplexed / packetized information into two acoustic object signal coding information and two metadata coding information.
- the two acoustic object signal coding information is output to the decoding devices 400-1 and 400-2, respectively, and the two metadata coding information is output to the metadata decoding devices 800-1 and 800-2, respectively.
- the decoding devices 400-1 and 400-2 decode the acoustic object signal coding information and output the decoded acoustic object signal to the renderer 900.
- the renderer 900 performs rendering processing of the decoded acoustic object signal based on the decoded metadata information, and outputs a stereophonic signal (in other words, an output signal) of a desired number of channels.
- FIG. 9 shows a configuration in which two types of acoustic objects are encoded as an example
- the acoustic object signal to be encoded is not limited to two types, and three or more types of acoustic objects are encoded. It may be configured.
- FIG. 9 as an example, an example in which acoustic object signals are encoded and decoded separately one by one is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, and for example, a plurality of acoustic object signals are collectively used as a multi-channel signal. It may be configured to encode and decode.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of a scalable encoding device having a monaural bitstream embedded configuration capable of outputting a bitstream in which a encoded bitstream of a monaural signal downmixed by a plurality of acoustic object signals is embedded in the configuration of FIG. Shown.
- one acoustic object among the plurality of acoustic objects is a monaural acoustic signal obtained by adding (that is, downmixing) the other acoustic objects in the addition unit 1000. It may be encoded. Further, for example, in the subtraction unit 1100, another decoded acoustic object signal decoded by the decoding apparatus 400-1 is subtracted from the downmix monaural acoustic signal decoded by the decoding apparatus 400-2 shown in FIG. The decoded signal of the acoustic object signal before the downmix may be obtained.
- the method of selecting the acoustic object signal transmitted as the downmix monaural acoustic signal among the plurality of acoustic object signals may be, for example, the method of selecting the acoustic object signal having the highest signal level among all the acoustic object signals. Good.
- the relative ratio between the coding error of another acoustic object signal for example, the component of another acoustic object signal remaining in the decoded signal
- the signal level of the acoustic object signal to be transmitted is suppressed to a small value (in other words, in other words). It is possible to maximize the ratio of the acoustic object signal components to be transmitted).
- FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a partial configuration of the arrival direction estimation device 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the calculation unit (for example, corresponding to the weight coefficient calculation unit 101 in FIG. 12 described later) is a plurality of frequency components (for example, SMA) of the signal recorded in the microphone array (for example, SMA). , Frequency bins or frequency points), and the frequency weighting coefficients for the plurality of frequency components are calculated based on the differences between the unit vectors (for example, DoA unit vectors) indicating the direction of the sound source.
- the estimation unit (for example, corresponding to the selection unit 30 and the clustering unit 40 in FIG. 12) estimates the arrival direction of the signal based on the frequency weighting coefficient.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the arrival direction estimation device 100 according to the present embodiment.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same configurations as those of the arrival direction estimation device 1 shown in FIG. 3, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the operation of the weighting coefficient calculation unit 101 is different from that of the arrival direction estimation device 1 shown in FIG.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the weighting coefficient calculation unit 101.
- the weighting coefficient calculation unit 101 shown in FIG. 13 includes, for example, an average DoA unit vector estimation unit 21, a time weight calculation unit 22, a representative DoA unit vector estimation unit 110, a frequency weight calculation unit 120, and a multiplication unit 24. To be equipped.
- the representative DoA unit vector estimation unit 110 uses, for example, the representative DoA from the DoA unit vectors u ( ⁇ , k) corresponding to the plurality of frequency bins in each time frame ⁇ according to the following equation (8). Estimate (in other words, select) the unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ).
- the representative DoA unit vector estimation unit 110 is different from the DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k i ) of the frequency bin of interest (for example, k i ) in the time frame ⁇ .
- frequency bins e.g., k j
- the Euclidean distance in other words, L2- norm
- k i be the representative DoA unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ) in the time frame ⁇ .
- the frequency weight calculation unit 120 calculates the frequency weighting coefficient ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) according to, for example, the following equation (9).
- the frequency weight calculation unit 120 uses the same equation as the equation (6) used in the frequency weight calculation unit 23 shown in FIG. 5, but uses the average DoA unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ). Replace with the representative DoA unit vector u ⁇ ( ⁇ ). In other words, the frequency weight calculation unit 120 assumes that the direction corresponding to the representative DoA unit vectors u to ( ⁇ ) is the direction of the sound source in the time frame ⁇ (DoA of the acoustic signal).
- Multiplying unit 24 ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and ⁇ - ( ⁇ , k) the weighting coefficients by the product of the w - 1 ( ⁇ , k) to estimate.
- the arrival direction estimation unit 100 a difference between the DoA unit vectors in each of the plurality of frequency bins (e.g., Euclidean distance) weighting factors w based on the - weights 1 (tau, k) is calculated, the calculated coefficient w - 1 ( ⁇ , k) based on, perform DoA estimation.
- a difference between the DoA unit vectors in each of the plurality of frequency bins e.g., Euclidean distance
- the DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k) for each frequency bin k in each time frame ⁇ can fluctuate due to the influence of Outlier such as an untargeted sound source, ambient noise, or reverberant sound. ..
- the DoA unit vectors of the frequency bin k corresponding to a single sound source can each point in the same direction.
- the DoA unit vectors of the frequency bin k corresponding to noise or the like may indicate different directions (for example, a random direction or a scattering direction).
- the representative DoA unit vector that minimizes the Euclidean distance (in other words, the difference or error) from other DoA unit vectors is not the DoA unit vector of the frequency bin k corresponding to noise or the like, but a single one. It is highly possible that it is one of the DoA unit vectors of the frequency bin k corresponding to the sound source of.
- the representative DoA unit vector for example, a DoA unit vector existing near the center of the DoA unit vector group corresponding to the dominant sound source described above is selected.
- the representative DoA unit vector is likely to be a vector closer to the original sound source direction among the DoA unit vectors corresponding to a plurality of frequency bins k. In other words, the representative DoA unit vector is unlikely to be an Outlier-influenced DoA unit vector.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 can estimate DoA based on a weighting coefficient based on a representative DoA unit vector in which these components are not included as a bias even in the presence of an untargeted sound source, ambient noise, reverberant sound, or the like. .. In other words, the arrival direction estimation device 100 sets a low weighting coefficient for the DoA unit vector corresponding to ambient noise, reverberation, etc., and does not use the DoA unit vector for DoA estimation (in other words, selection or clustering processing). .. Therefore, the arrival direction estimation device 100 can perform robust DoA estimation for untargeted sound sources, ambient noise, reverberant sounds, and the like, and can improve the DoA estimation accuracy.
- the signal component may be concentrated in the peak part of the harmonics, and the valley part of the spectrum may be buried in the background noise.
- the representative DoA unit vector is not easily affected by noise components and the like, so that the arrival direction estimation device 100 can perform robust DoA estimation for untargeted sound sources, ambient noise, reverberant sounds, and the like. Become.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 improves the DoA estimation accuracy by setting the DoA unit vector corresponding to any one direction of the adjacent sound sources as the representative DoA unit vector. it can.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 is near the center of a DoA unit vector group (for example, a group having a larger number of DoA unit vectors) corresponding to the dominant sound source among the plurality of sound sources even in a frame in which a plurality of sound sources exist.
- the DoA unit vector existing in is set as the representative DoA unit vector.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 reduces the influence of the DoA unit vector of the sound source different from the sound source corresponding to the representative DoA unit vector among the plurality of sound sources, and performs DoA on the sound source corresponding to the representative DoA unit vector. Estimates can be made.
- the representative DoA unit vector is the DoA unit vector of the frequency bin that minimizes the sum of the Euclidean distances from the DoA unit vectors of other frequency bins.
- the method for determining the representative DoA unit vector is not limited to this.
- the representative DoA unit vector may be selected from the DoA unit vectors whose sum of the Euclidean distances with the DoA unit vectors of other frequency bins is equal to or less than the threshold value.
- the time weighting coefficient is based on the mean value (eg, average DoA unit vector) of the DoA unit vectors of multiple frequency bins (in other words, frequency components) in each time frame (in other words, time component) ⁇ . It is a value obtained by binarizing the value calculated in (for example, 0 or 1).
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the weighting coefficient calculation unit 101a according to the variation 1.
- FIG. 14 differs from FIG. 13 in that it includes a time weight binarization unit 130.
- the time weight binarization unit 130 outputs the time weight coefficient ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) to the multiplication unit 24.
- the threshold value may be set in advance, for example.
- the time weight binarization unit 130 sets the time weighting coefficient by 2 according to the K-means method, the Fuzzy c-means method, or the like based on the database including the time weighting coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ ) obtained in a plurality of time frames. It may be clustered into one cluster. Then, the time weight binarization unit 130 may set the average value (or the midpoint) of the centroids of the two clusters as the threshold value.
- the multiplication unit 24 estimates the weighting factor w ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ , k) by the product of ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ ) and ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ , k).
- the weighting coefficient calculation unit 101a is, for example, a DoA unit of a time frame ⁇ corresponding to a time weighting coefficient ⁇ ( ⁇ ) equal to or higher than the threshold value, that is, a time frame ⁇ in which a single sound source is more likely to exist. Calculate the weighting factor w - 2 ( ⁇ , k) based on the vector. In other words, the weighting coefficient calculation unit 101a calculates by emphasizing the time weighting coefficient for the time frame ⁇ , which has a higher possibility that a single sound source exists (in other words, the possibility of corresponding to the correct DoA).
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 can perform DoA estimation based on the DoA unit vector in the time frame ⁇ , which is unlikely to include an untargeted sound source, ambient noise, reverberant sound, or the like. DoA estimation accuracy can be improved.
- the time weighting coefficient of the time frame ⁇ in which the sound source (in other words, the single sound source) is likely to exist is compared with the time weighting coefficient of the time frame ⁇ in which the single sound source is unlikely to exist. And emphasize.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 has, for example, a weighting coefficient w ⁇ 2 ( ⁇ ) based on the estimation result of DoA in the time frame ⁇ where there is a high possibility that a single sound source exists (in other words, it corresponds to the correct DoA). , K) can be estimated.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 represents the DoA unit vector corresponding to the direction of each sound source in each time frame ⁇ in which each of these close sound sources is active. It becomes easier to set the DoA unit vector, and the estimation accuracy of DoA can be improved.
- FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of the weighting coefficient calculation unit 101b according to the variation 1.
- FIG. 15 the same reference numerals are given to the configurations similar to those in FIG. 13, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the average DoA unit vector estimation unit 21 is not provided, and the time weight calculation unit 140 is provided instead of the time weight calculation unit 22.
- the frequency weighting coefficient ⁇ in each time frame tau and each frequency bin k - ( ⁇ , k), for example, corresponding DoA unit vector u ( ⁇ , k) and the representative DoA unit vectors u ⁇ ( ⁇ , k ) Is determined according to the degree of separation. For example, DoA unit vectors u ( ⁇ , k) and the representative DoA unit vectors u ⁇ ( ⁇ , k) and is further away, frequency weighting factor ⁇ - ( ⁇ , k) becomes smaller.
- the arrival direction estimation device 100 can perform DoA estimation based on the DoA unit vector in the time frame ⁇ , which is unlikely to include an untargeted sound source, ambient noise, reverberant sound, or the like. DoA estimation accuracy can be improved.
- Th indicates a threshold value that defines a range of ⁇ that is allowed as a single sound source.
- the time weight calculation unit 140 may calculate the time weight coefficient based on the binarized value (either 0 or 1) of the frequency weighting coefficient ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ , k).
- Each functional block used in the description of the above embodiment is partially or wholly realized as an LSI which is an integrated circuit, and each process described in the above embodiment is partially or wholly. It may be controlled by one LSI or a combination of LSIs.
- the LSI may be composed of individual chips, or may be composed of one chip so as to include a part or all of functional blocks.
- the LSI may include data input and output.
- LSIs may be referred to as ICs, system LSIs, super LSIs, and ultra LSIs depending on the degree of integration.
- the method of making an integrated circuit is not limited to LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit, a general-purpose processor, or a dedicated processor. Further, an FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) that can be programmed after the LSI is manufactured, or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and settings of the circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
- the present disclosure may be realized as digital processing or analog processing. Furthermore, if an integrated circuit technology that replaces an LSI appears due to advances in semiconductor technology or another technology derived from it, it is naturally possible to integrate functional blocks using that technology. There is a possibility of applying biotechnology.
- the communication device may include a wireless transmitter / receiver (transceiver) and a processing / control circuit.
- the wireless transmitter / receiver may include a receiver and a transmitter, or both as functions.
- the radio transmitter / receiver (transmitter, receiver) may include an RF (Radio Frequency) module and one or more antennas.
- the RF module may include an amplifier, an RF modulator / demodulator, or the like.
- Non-limiting examples of communication devices include telephones (mobile phones, smartphones, etc.), tablets, personal computers (PCs) (laptops, desktops, notebooks, etc.), cameras (digital stills / video cameras, etc.).
- Digital players digital audio / video players, etc.
- wearable devices wearable cameras, smart watches, tracking devices, etc.
- game consoles digital book readers
- telehealth telemedicines remote health Care / medicine prescription
- vehicles with communication functions or mobile transportation automobiles, airplanes, ships, etc.
- combinations of the above-mentioned various devices can be mentioned.
- Communication devices are not limited to those that are portable or mobile, but are not portable or fixed, any type of device, device, system, such as a smart home device (home appliances, lighting equipment, smart meters or It also includes measuring instruments, control panels, etc.), vending machines, and any other "Things” that can exist on the IoT (Internet of Things) network.
- a smart home device home appliances, lighting equipment, smart meters or It also includes measuring instruments, control panels, etc.
- vending machines and any other "Things” that can exist on the IoT (Internet of Things) network.
- Communication includes data communication using a combination of these, in addition to data communication using a cellular system, wireless LAN system, communication satellite system, etc.
- the communication device also includes devices such as controllers and sensors that are connected or connected to communication devices that perform the communication functions described in the present disclosure.
- devices such as controllers and sensors that are connected or connected to communication devices that perform the communication functions described in the present disclosure.
- controllers and sensors that generate control and data signals used by communication devices that perform the communication functions of the communication device.
- Communication devices also include infrastructure equipment that communicates with or controls these non-limiting devices, such as base stations, access points, and any other device, device, or system. ..
- the arrival direction estimation device is based on the difference between the unit vectors indicating the direction of the sound source in each of the plurality of frequency components of the signal recorded in the microphone array, and the frequencies for the plurality of frequency components. It includes a calculation circuit for calculating each weighting coefficient and an estimation circuit for estimating the arrival direction of the signal from the sound source based on the frequency weighting coefficient.
- the calculation circuit calculates the frequency weighting coefficient based on the unit vector having the smallest difference from the unit vector of another frequency component among the unit vectors of the plurality of frequency components. To do.
- the difference is at least one of the Euclidean distance and the angular distance between the unit vectors.
- the calculation circuit calculates a time weighting coefficient for a time component of the signal in addition to the frequency weighting coefficient, and the estimation circuit is a product of the frequency weighting coefficient and the time weighting coefficient. Based on, the arrival direction is estimated.
- the time weighting coefficient is a binarized value calculated based on the average value of the unit vectors of the plurality of frequency components in each time component.
- the calculation circuit calculates the time weighting coefficient based on the frequency weighting coefficient.
- the calculation circuit calculates the time weighting coefficient based on a binarized value of the frequency weighting coefficient.
- the system includes an arrival direction estimation device that estimates the arrival direction of a signal from a sound source, a beam former that extracts an acoustic signal by beam forming in the arrival direction, and encodes the acoustic signal.
- the arrival direction estimation device includes a coding device for decoding and a decoding device for decoding the encoded acoustic signal, and the arrival direction estimation device is a direction of a sound source in each of a plurality of frequency components of the signal recorded in the microphone array.
- the frequency weighting coefficients for the plurality of frequency components are calculated based on the difference between the unit vectors indicating the above, and the arrival direction is estimated based on the frequency weighting coefficients.
- the method of estimating the direction of arrival is based on a difference between unit vectors indicating the direction of a sound source in each of a plurality of frequency components of a signal recorded in a microphone array.
- the frequency weighting coefficients for each of the plurality of frequency components are calculated, and the direction of arrival of the signal from the sound source is estimated based on the frequency weighting coefficients.
- One embodiment of the present disclosure is useful for an acoustic signal transmission system or the like.
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Abstract
Description
図7は、本実施の形態に係るシステム(例えば、音響信号伝送システム)の構成例を示す。
次に、図7又は図8に示す到来方向推定装置100の構成例について説明する。
バリエーション1では、時間重み係数は、各時間フレーム(換言すると、時間成分)τにおける、複数の周波数ビン(換言すると、周波数成分)のDoA単位ベクトルの平均値(例えば、平均DoA単位ベクトル)に基づいて算出される値を二値化した値(例えば、0又は1)である。
図15は、バリエーション1に係る重み係数算出部101bの構成例を示すブロック図である。
上記実施の形態及びバリエーション1、2では、代表DoA単位ベクトルの算出にユークリッド距離を用いる場合について説明した。しかし、代表DoA単位ベクトルの算出には、ユークリッド距離の他のパラメータが用いられてもよい。例えば、代表DoA単位ベクトルの算出には、次式(12)に示す角度距離が用いられてもよい。
10 DoA単位ベクトル推定部
20,101,101a,101b 重み係数算出部
21 平均DoA単位ベクトル推定部
22,140 時間重み算出部
23,120 周波数重み算出部
24 乗算部
30 選択部
40 クラスタリング部
110 代表DoA単位ベクトル推定部
130 時間重み二値化部
200,200-1,200-2 ビームフォーマ
300,300-1,300-2 符号化装置
400,400-1,400-2 復号装置
500,500-1,500-2 メタデータ符号化装置
600 多重化部
700 逆多重化部
800,800-1,800-2 メタデータ復号装置
900 レンダラ
1000 加算部
1100 減算部
Claims (9)
- マイクロホンアレイにおいて収録された信号の複数の周波数成分のそれぞれにおける音源の方向を示す単位ベクトル間の差分に基づいて、前記複数の周波数成分に対する周波数重み係数をそれぞれ算出する算出回路と、
前記周波数重み係数に基づいて、前記音源からの前記信号の到来方向を推定する推定回路と、
を具備する到来方向推定装置。 - 前記算出回路は、前記複数の周波数成分の前記単位ベクトルのうち、他の周波数成分の単位ベクトルとの差分が最小の単位ベクトルに基づいて、前記周波数重み係数を算出する、
請求項1に記載の到来方向推定装置。 - 前記差分は、前記単位ベクトル間のユークリッド距離及び角度距離の少なくとも一つである、
請求項1に記載の到来方向推定装置。 - 前記算出回路は、前記周波数重み係数に加え、前記信号の時間成分に対する時間重み係数を算出し、
前記推定回路は、前記周波数重み係数と前記時間重み係数との積に基づいて、前記到来方向を推定する、
請求項1に記載の到来方向推定装置。 - 前記時間重み係数は、各時間成分における、前記複数の周波数成分の前記単位ベクトルの平均値に基づいて算出される値を二値化した値である、
請求項4に記載の到来方向推定装置。 - 前記算出回路は、前記周波数重み係数に基づいて、前記時間重み係数を算出する、
請求項4に記載の到来方向推定装置。 - 前記算出回路は、前記周波数重み係数を二値化した値に基づいて、前記時間重み係数を算出する、
請求項6に記載の到来方向推定装置。 - 音源からの信号の到来方向を推定する到来方向推定装置と、
前記到来方向へのビームフォーミングによって音響信号を抽出するビームフォーマと、
前記音響信号を符号化する符号化装置と、
前記符号化された音響信号を復号する復号装置と、
を具備し、
前記到来方向推定装置は、
マイクロホンアレイにおいて収録された前記信号の複数の周波数成分のそれぞれにおける音源の方向を示す単位ベクトル間の差分に基づいて、前記複数の周波数成分に対する周波数重み係数をそれぞれ算出し、
前記周波数重み係数に基づいて、前記到来方向を推定する、
システム。 - 到来方向推定装置が、
マイクロホンアレイにおいて収録された信号の複数の周波数成分のそれぞれにおける音源の方向を示す単位ベクトル間の差分に基づいて、前記複数の周波数成分に対する周波数重み係数をそれぞれ算出し、
前記周波数重み係数に基づいて、前記音源からの前記信号の到来方向を推定する、
到来方向推定方法。
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| EP20795773.9A EP3962101A4 (en) | 2019-04-24 | 2020-03-16 | DEVICE, SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR ESTIMATION OF DIRECTION OF INCOME |
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| TWI893577B (zh) * | 2023-12-20 | 2025-08-11 | 仁寶電腦工業股份有限公司 | 導引方法及相關於導引的本地裝置 |
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