WO2020220485A1 - 一种鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘 - Google Patents

一种鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220485A1
WO2020220485A1 PCT/CN2019/097446 CN2019097446W WO2020220485A1 WO 2020220485 A1 WO2020220485 A1 WO 2020220485A1 CN 2019097446 W CN2019097446 W CN 2019097446W WO 2020220485 A1 WO2020220485 A1 WO 2020220485A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheath
channel
water spray
straight hole
connector
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/097446
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王少刚
胡学成
毛业云
余虓
管维
秦操
龙刚
李莹
刘成朋
李文华
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WUHAN YOUCARE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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WUHAN YOUCARE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201920624832.9U external-priority patent/CN211023086U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910363388.4A external-priority patent/CN109998672A/zh
Application filed by WUHAN YOUCARE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd filed Critical WUHAN YOUCARE TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority to EP19927259.2A priority Critical patent/EP3964156B1/en
Priority to JP2021558861A priority patent/JP7209112B2/ja
Publication of WO2020220485A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220485A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US17/515,577 priority patent/US20220047150A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/00131—Accessories for endoscopes
    • A61B1/00135—Oversleeves mounted on the endoscope prior to insertion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/005—Flexible endoscopes
    • A61B1/0051—Flexible endoscopes with controlled bending of insertion part
    • A61B1/0057—Constructional details of force transmission elements, e.g. control wires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A61B1/018—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor for receiving instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/06—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements
    • A61B1/063—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor with illuminating arrangements for monochromatic or narrow-band illumination
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
    • A61B18/20—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser
    • A61B18/22—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor
    • A61B18/26—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves using laser the beam being directed along or through a flexible conduit, e.g. an optical fibre; Couplings or hand-pieces therefor for producing a shock wave, e.g. laser lithotripsy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/00234—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery
    • A61B2017/00292—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for minimally invasive surgery mounted on or guided by flexible, e.g. catheter-like, means
    • A61B2017/003—Steerable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/22—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2017/22079—Implements for squeezing-off ulcers or the like on inner organs of the body; Implements for scraping-out cavities of body organs, e.g. bones; for invasive removal or destruction of calculus using mechanical vibrations; for removing obstructions in blood vessels, not otherwise provided for with suction of debris
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421—Cannulas
    • A61B2017/3445—Cannulas used as instrument channel for multiple instruments
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00315—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for treatment of particular body parts
    • A61B2018/00505—Urinary tract
    • A61B2018/00511—Kidney
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
    • A61B2018/00982—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body combined with or comprising means for visual or photographic inspections inside the body, e.g. endoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
    • A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
    • A61B2217/005—Auxiliary appliance with suction drainage system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B2217/00—General characteristics of surgical instruments
    • A61B2217/002—Auxiliary appliance
    • A61B2217/007—Auxiliary appliance with irrigation system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00—Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/36—Image-producing devices or illumination devices not otherwise provided for
    • A61B90/361—Image-producing devices, e.g. surgical cameras

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical devices for human diseased tissues, in particular to a sheath cap used for calculi in a human body cavity and an endoscope introducer sheath with the sheath cap.
  • the current surgical treatment of human intracavitary lesions has changed from traditional open surgery to minimally invasive surgery.
  • the main method of minimally invasive surgery to treat calculus is to establish a channel, observe in real time under an endoscope, and perform lithotripsy and stone removal operations with a holmium laser.
  • the commonly used treatment device is the endoscopic guide sheath.
  • the endoscopic guide sheath guides the holmium laser through the natural cavity of the human body and enters the human body to crush the stones. Some stones that cannot be powdered can enter from the device cavity through the stone blue. Take out the granular stones from the kidney.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned background technology, and provide a sheath cap with a simple structure, which can effectively flush the stone points by water and smoothly discharge the gravel, and an endoscope introducer sheath with the sheath cap.
  • the sheath cap designed by the present invention includes a housing collar and a cylinder coaxially fixed on the inner surface of one end of the housing collar.
  • the straight hole of the instrument channel and the straight hole of the water spray channel are provided on the sheath tube cap with oblique holes of the water spray channel that communicate with the straight hole of the water spray channel and can spray water to the side and front of the sheath tube cap.
  • the inclined hole of the spray channel can be designed into the following two structural forms:
  • the water spray channel oblique hole includes a water spray channel whose one end is connected with the straight hole of the water spray channel, and the other end extends to the outer surface of the casing collar near the front end surface of the cylinder Oblique straight holes; the oblique straight holes of the water spray channel are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the sheath cap.
  • the angle between the oblique straight hole of the water spray channel and the straight hole of the water spray channel is 5°-85°.
  • the water spray channel oblique hole includes a water spray channel chute opened on the surface of the cylinder and at an angle with the axial direction of the cylinder, and the rear end of the water spray channel chute is connected to the A water spray connection channel opened in the cylinder is connected between the straight holes of the water spray channel; the water spray channel chute is opened at intervals on a circumferential surface of the cylinder.
  • cylindrical body is coaxially fixed with a cylindrical collar capable of spraying water along the direction of the water spray channel chute to the side and front of the sheath cap, and the water spray channel chute The water outlet end is located in front of the cylindrical collar.
  • the casing collar and the cylindrical collar are coaxially fixedly connected into one body, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical collar is the same as the outer diameter of the casing collar.
  • An endoscope introducer sheath with a sheath cap comprising an introducer sheath handle and an introducer sheath coaxially fixed to the front end of the introducer sheath handle, and an axial channel is opened in the introducer sheath, so
  • the handle of the guide sheath is provided with an instrument connector and a water spray connector, and the instrument connector and the water spray connector are respectively provided with an instrument connector channel and a water spray connector along their respective axial directions, which communicate with the axial channel of the guide sheath.
  • the guiding sheath tube includes a guiding sheath hard tube coaxially fixed to the front end of the guiding sheath handle and a guiding sheath hose coaxially fixing to the front end of the guiding sheath hard tube, the housing
  • the other end of the collar is coaxially fixedly connected to the front end surface of the guiding sheath hose, and a traction wire is fixedly connected to the casing collar, and the traction wire passes through the axial direction of the guiding sheath.
  • a hose bending control device is connected to the channel, and the hose bending control device is arranged on the guide sheath handle.
  • the instrument connector includes a holmium laser connector and an image illuminating device connector.
  • the holmium laser connector and the image illuminating device connector are respectively provided with holmium communicating with the axial channel of the guiding sheath along their respective axial directions.
  • the instrument channel straight hole includes a holmium laser channel straight hole and an image illumination device channel straight hole;
  • the straight holes are all communicated with the axial passage of the guiding sheath.
  • an axial partition plate is fixed in the guiding sheath, and the axial partition plate separates the axial passage of the guiding sheath into a first cavity communicating with the holmium laser connector channel Channel, a second cavity communicating with the image lighting device joint channel and the water spray joint channel, the second cavity has a larger aperture than the first cavity; the first cavity is connected to the The holmium laser channel is coaxially communicated with the straight hole, and the second cavity is in communication with the image illuminating device channel and the water spray channel.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that by designing the combined hole structure of the water spray channel straight hole and the water spray channel oblique hole on the sheath tube cap, the water flow from the guiding sheath of the endoscope can be directed to the stone point in front of the sheath tube cap Water is sprayed on the front and side of the slab at the same time to wash the rubble at the stone point at multiple angles and increase the probability of the rubble leaving the stone point. At the same time, the positive water flow of the sheath cap and the side water flow interact to form a vortex. The vortex is further separated from the stone point, which greatly increases the separation probability of the gravel and the stone point, and ensures the washing effect of the water flow on the gravel.
  • the endoscope introducer sheath is used in conjunction with the sheath cap.
  • the endoscope introducer sheath enters the human body cavity under the guidance of the sheath, and the image lighting device enters the front end of the endoscope introducer sheath through the image lighting device connector ,
  • the sprinkler connector is connected to the water pipe, and sprays out in the human body cavity through the oblique hole of the sprinkler channel and the straight hole of the sprinkler channel, flushing the visual field to ensure that the image lighting device transmits a clear image, operating the guide sheath handle, and moving the endoscope guide back and forth Introduce the sheath and adjust the bending angle of the guiding sheath in the cavity through the soft sheath bending control device to find the stones.
  • After finding the stones insert the holmium laser from the holmium laser connector to align the stones and crush them.
  • the powdered stones are flushed out of the body through water circulation .
  • the sheath cap and the endoscope guiding sheath designed by the invention can effectively treat human calculus, have convenient operation, greatly reduce the pain of patients, and have good therapeutic effects and high market application value.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view 1 of a sheath cap in the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a second perspective view of a sheath cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view of a sheath cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a front view of a sheath cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a top view of a sheath cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view of A-A in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view of another sheath cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an exploded view of another sheath cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a front view of another sheath cap in the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a sectional view of B-B in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of an endoscope introducer sheath with a sheath cap in the present invention
  • Figure 12 is a front view of an endoscope introducer sheath with a sheath cap in the present invention
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of C-C in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is an enlarged view of D in Figure 12;
  • the sheath cap which includes a housing collar 1 and a cylinder 2 coaxially fixed on the inner surface of one end of the housing collar 1.
  • the cylinder 2 is provided with The image illumination device channel straight hole 16, the holmium laser channel straight hole 15 and the water spray channel straight hole 3 parallel to the axial direction.
  • the sheath cap is provided with the water spray channel straight hole 3 and faces the side front of the sheath cap
  • the water spray channel oblique hole 4 for spraying water includes a water spray channel oblique straight hole 4.1 with one end communicating with the water spray channel straight hole 3 and the other end extending to the front surface of the casing ring 1.
  • the oblique straight holes 4.1 of the spray channel are symmetrically opened on the left and right sides of the sheath cap.
  • sheath cap which includes a casing collar 1 and a cylinder 2 with one end coaxially fixed on the inner surface of one end of the casing collar 1.
  • the image illuminating device channel straight hole 16, the holmium laser channel straight hole 15 and the water spray channel straight hole 3 parallel to its axial direction are opened.
  • the sheath cap is provided with a water spray channel straight hole 3 connected to the sheath cap
  • the water jet channel oblique hole 4 for spraying water on the side and front includes a water jet channel chute 4.2 opened on the surface of the cylinder 2 and at an angle to the axial direction of the cylinder 2, and the rear end of the water jet channel chute 4.2 and the water jet
  • a water spray connection channel 4.3 opened in the cylinder 2 is connected between the straight holes 3 of the channel.
  • the water spray channel chute 4.2 is opened on the circumferential surface of the cylinder 2 at intervals.
  • a cylindrical collar 5 is coaxially fixed on the cylindrical body 2, and the water outlet end of the water spray channel chute 4.2 is located in front of the cylindrical collar 5.
  • the housing collar 1 and the cylindrical collar 5 are coaxially fixedly connected as a whole, and the outer diameter of the cylindrical collar 5 is the same as the outer diameter of the housing collar 1.
  • Figure 11-14 shows an endoscope introducer sheath with a sheath cap, including an introducer sheath handle 6 and an introducer sheath 7 coaxially fixed to the front end of the introducer sheath handle 6, and the guide sheath handle 6 is provided with holmium Laser connector 11, image lighting device connector 12, and water spray connector 8.
  • Holmium laser connector 11, image lighting device connector 12 and water spray connector 8 are respectively provided with a holmium laser connector channel 13 and image lighting device connector channel 14 along their respective axial directions.
  • the water spray joint channel 9, the holmium laser joint channel 13, the image lighting device joint channel 14 and the water spray joint channel 9 respectively pass through the holmium laser connection tube 20, the image connection tube 22, and the water inlet connection tube 21 and the guiding sheath 7
  • the axial passage is connected.
  • the guiding sheath 7 includes a guiding sheath hard tube 7.1 coaxially fixed to the front end of the guiding sheath handle 6 and a guiding sheath hose 7.2 coaxially fixed to the front end of the guiding sheath hard tube 7.1, and the other end of the housing collar 1.
  • a traction wire 9 is fixedly connected to the casing collar 1, and the traction wire 9 passes through the axial passage of the guiding sheath 7 and is connected with a hose bending control device 10.
  • the hose bending control device 10 is arranged on the guide sheath handle 6.
  • the structure of a dial and a dial is used as the hose bending control device 10, but it is not limited to this, and other structures such as a dial and a reel can also be used as the hose bending control device 10.
  • the dial By turning the dial to drive the dial to move back and forth, the traction wire 9 is driven to move back and forth, so that the guiding sheath hose 7.2 is bent.
  • An axial partition plate 17 is fixed in the guiding sheath 7.
  • the axial partition plate 17 separates the axial channel of the guiding sheath 7 into a first cavity 18 communicating with the holmium laser joint channel 13, and the image illumination
  • the second cavity 19 connecting the device joint channel 14 and the water spray joint channel 9 has an aperture larger than that of the first cavity 18; the first cavity 18 is in coaxial communication with the holmium laser channel straight hole 15, The second cavity 19 communicates with the straight hole 16 of the image lighting device channel and the straight hole 3 of the water spray channel.
  • the spray channel inclined hole 4 is designed to make the spray channel inclined hole 4 It is connected to the straight hole 3 of the water spray channel.
  • the endoscope introducer sheath is used in conjunction with the sheath cap: in the operation, the endoscope introducer sheath enters the human cavity under the guidance of the cavity, and the image illumination device is connected through the image illumination device 12 Enter the front end of the guide sheath of the water inlet endoscope, the water spray connector 8 is connected to the water pipe, and the water spray channel is sprayed through the oblique hole 4 and the water spray channel straight hole 3 in the human body cavity, flushing the field of view to ensure that the image lighting device transmits clearly Image, operate the guide sheath handle 6, move the guide sheath handle 6 back and forth and adjust the bending angle of the guide sheath hose 7.2 in the cavity through the soft sheath bending control device 10 to find the stones, and insert the holmium laser connector 11 after finding the stones Holmium laser is aimed at the stone to crush it, and the powdered stone is washed out of the body through water circulation.
  • the advantage of using the endoscope introducer sheath and sheath cap in combination is: the guiding sheath 7 only has two cavities, and there is only one wall between the cavities, which can save space, and the guiding sheath hard tube 7.1 is not used Curved, the wall thickness is thinner than the guide sheath hose 7.2.
  • This series of improvements can make the outer diameter of the guide sheath tube 7.1 smaller (the guide sheath tube 7.2 and the guide sheath tube 7.1 have the same outer diameter to ensure the structure
  • the overall strength, or the guiding sheath hose 7.2 is thinner than the guiding sheath hard tube 7.1, which makes it easier for the guiding sheath hose 7.2 to enter the small cavity, which can be selected according to the actual situation).
  • the endoscopic guiding sheath carries The image lighting device, the holmium laser and water flow into the kidney, the guiding sheath hard tube 7.1 is smaller than the guiding sheath hose 7.2, so the gap between the guiding sheath hard tube 7.1 and the cavity wall is large, so that the kidney The water flows out quickly, reducing the pressure in the kidney.
  • the sheath cap, sheath cap and endoscopic guide sheath designed by the present invention can effectively treat human calculus.
  • the operation is convenient, and the patient's pain is greatly reduced.
  • All kidney calyces can be cured in one operation.
  • the stones inside have good therapeutic effects and high market application value.

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Abstract

一种鞘管帽及具有该鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘，其中鞘管帽包括壳体套环（1）和同轴固定于壳体套环（1）的一端内表面上的圆柱体（2），圆柱体（2）内开设有与其轴向方向平行的器械通道直孔（15,16）和喷水通道直孔（3），鞘管帽上开有与喷水通道直孔（3）连通、可向鞘管帽的侧前方喷水的喷水通道斜孔（4）。通过在鞘管帽上设计喷水通道直孔（3）和喷水通道斜孔（4）的组合孔结构形式，从内窥镜导引鞘进入的水流可向鞘管帽前方的结石点的正面和侧面同时喷水，对结石点的碎石进行多角度冲刷，增加了碎石与结石点的分离概率，保证了水流对碎石的冲刷效果。

Description

一种鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘 技术领域
本发明涉及人体病变组织的医疗器械技术领域，具体地指一种用于人体腔内结石的鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘。
背景技术
当前人体腔内病变组织手术治疗方法已由传统的开放式手术治疗转为微创手术治疗。微创手术治疗结石的手术方式主要是建立通道，在内镜下实时观察，通过钬激光进行碎石、取石操作。通常采用的治疗器械为内窥镜导引鞘，内窥镜导引鞘引导钬激光通过人体自然腔道进入人体内将结石粉碎，部分不能粉末化的结石可通过套石蓝从器械腔道内进入肾内将颗粒结石掏出体外。在碎石操作中，需要通过内窥镜导引鞘的喷水接头向结石处注水，使碎石经过水流冲刷后能脱离结石点，这样才能用套石篮从器械腔道内进入将碎石取出或者让碎石随人体通道自然排出体外，但由于碎石与结石点的连接紧密，使得碎石在被钬激光粉碎后难以排出，依旧附着于结石点，影响手术效果，同时也增加了患者的痛苦。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是要解决上述背景技术的不足，提供一种结构简单、能使水流有效冲刷结石点、使碎石顺利排出的鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘。
为实现此目的，本发明所设计的鞘管帽，包括壳体套环和同轴固定于所述壳体套环的一端内表面上的圆柱体，所述圆柱体内开设有与其轴向方向平行的器械通道直孔和喷水通道直孔，所述鞘管帽上开有与所述喷水通道直孔连通、可向所述鞘管帽的侧前方喷水的喷水通道斜孔。
基于此，喷水通道斜孔可设计为以下两种结构形式：
结构形式一：所述喷水通道斜孔包括一端与所述喷水通道直孔连通、另一端延伸至所述壳体套环靠近所述圆柱体前端面的一侧外表面上的喷水通道斜向直孔；所述喷水通道斜向直孔沿所述鞘管帽的圆周方向的一圈间隔设置。
优选的，所述喷水通道斜向直孔与所述喷水通道直孔的夹角为5°～85°。
结构形式二：所述喷水通道斜孔包括开设于所述圆柱体表面、与所述圆柱体的轴向方向成角度的喷水通道斜槽，所述喷水通道斜槽的后端与所述喷水通道直孔之间连接有开设于所述圆柱体内的喷水连接通道；所述喷水通道斜槽间隔开设于所述圆柱体的圆周方向的一圈表面上。
进一步的，所述圆柱体上同轴固定有可使水流沿所述喷水通道斜槽的走向、向所述鞘管帽的侧前方喷水的圆柱体套环，所述喷水通道斜槽的出水端位于所述圆柱体套环的前方。
更进一步的，所述壳体套环与所述圆柱体套环同轴固定连接为一体，所述圆柱体套环的外径与所述壳体套环的外径相同。
一种具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘，包括导引鞘手柄和同轴固定于所述导引鞘手柄前端的导引鞘管，所述导引鞘管内开设有轴向通道，所述引导鞘手柄上设有器械接头和喷水接头，所述器械接头和喷水接头分别沿各自轴向方向开设有与所述导引鞘管的轴向通道相连通的器械接头通道和喷水接头通道，所述壳体套环的另一端内表面同轴固定于所述导引鞘管的前端，所述器械通道直孔和所述喷水通道直孔均与所述导引鞘管的轴向通道连通。
进一步的，所述导引鞘管包括同轴固定于所述引导鞘手柄前端的导引鞘硬管和同轴固定于所述导引鞘硬管前端的导引鞘软管，所述壳体套环的另一端同轴固定连接于所述导引鞘软管的前端表面上，所述壳体套环上固定连接有牵引丝，所述牵引丝穿过所述导引鞘管的轴向通道连接有软管弯曲控制装置，所述软管弯曲控制装置设置于所述引导鞘手柄上。
进一步的，所述器械接头包括钬激光接头和图像照明装置接头，所述钬激光接头和所述图像照明装置接头分别沿各自轴向开设有与所述导引鞘管的轴向通道连通的钬激光接头通道和图像照明装置接头通道；所述器械通道直孔包括钬激光通道直孔和图像照明装置通道直孔；所述钬激光通道直孔、图像照明装置通道直孔和所述喷水通道直孔均与所述导引鞘管的轴向通道连通。
更进一步的，所述导引鞘管内固定有轴向分隔板，所述轴向分隔板将所述导引鞘管的轴向通道分隔为与所述钬激光接头通道连通的第一腔道、与所述图像照明装置接头通 道和所述喷水接头通道连通的第二腔道，所述第二腔道的孔径大于所述第一腔道的孔径；所述第一腔道与所述钬激光通道直孔同轴连通，所述第二腔道与所述图像照明装置通道直孔和所述喷水通道直孔连通。
本发明的有益效果是：通过在鞘管帽上设计喷水通道直孔和喷水通道斜孔的组合孔结构形式，从内窥镜导引鞘进入的水流可向鞘管帽前方的结石点的正面和侧面同时喷水，在对结石点的碎石进行多角度冲刷、增加碎石脱离结石点概率的同时，鞘管帽正向的水流和侧向的水流相互作用形成漩涡，碎石在漩涡的作用下与结石点进一步分离，大大增加了碎石与结石点的分离概率，保证了水流对碎石的冲刷效果。内窥镜导引鞘与鞘管帽配合使用，在手术中，内窥镜导引鞘在鞘管的引导下进入人体腔道内，图像照明装置通过图像照明装置接头进入内窥镜导引鞘前端，喷水接头连接水管，通过喷水通道斜孔和喷水通道直孔在人体腔内喷出，冲洗视野保证图像照明装置传出清晰的图像，操作导引鞘手柄，前后移动内窥镜导引鞘并通过软鞘弯曲控制装置调节导引鞘管在腔内的弯曲角度来寻找结石，找到结石后从钬激光接头插入钬激光对准结石将其粉碎，粉末化的结石通过水循环冲出体外。
采用本发明所设计的鞘管帽和内窥镜导引鞘可对人体结石进行高效的治疗，操作方便，大大减少了病人的痛苦，具有良好的治疗效果和很高的市场应用价值。
附图说明
图1为本发明中一种鞘管帽的立体图一；
图2为本发明中一种鞘管帽的立体图二；
图3为本发明中一种鞘管帽的立体图三；
图4为本发明中一种鞘管帽的主视图；
图5为本发明中一种鞘管帽的俯视图；
图6为图5中A—A剖视图；
图7为本发明中另一种鞘管帽的立体图；
图8为本发明中另一种鞘管帽的爆炸图；
图9为本发明中另一种鞘管帽的主视图；
图10为图9中B—B剖视图；
图11为本发明中具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘的立体图；
图12为本发明中具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘的主视图；
图13为图12中C—C剖视图；
图14为图12中D处放大图；
其中，1—壳体套环，2—圆柱体，3—喷水通道直孔，4—喷水通道斜孔(4.1—喷水通道斜向直孔，4.2—喷水通道斜槽，4.3—喷水连接通道)，5—圆柱体套环，6—导引鞘手柄，7—导引鞘管(7.1—导引鞘硬管，7.2—导引鞘软管)，8—喷水接头，9—喷水接头通道，10—软鞘弯曲控制装置，11—钬激光接头，12—图像照明装置接头，13—钬激光接头通道，14—图像照明装置接头通道，15—钬激光通道直孔，16—图像照明装置通道直孔，17—轴向分隔板，18—第一腔道，19—第二腔道，20—钬激光连接管，21—进水连接管，22—图像连接管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
如图1—6所示，为鞘管帽的一种实施例，包括壳体套环1和同轴固定于壳体套环1的一端内表面上的圆柱体2，圆柱体2内开设有与其轴向方向平行的图像照明装置通道直孔16、钬激光通道直孔15和喷水通道直孔3，鞘管帽上开有与喷水通道直孔3连通、向鞘管帽的侧前方喷水的喷水通道斜孔4：包括一端与喷水通道直孔3连通、另一端延伸至壳体套环1前端表面的喷水通道斜向直孔4.1。喷水通道斜向直孔4.1对称开设于鞘管帽的左右两侧。
如图7—10所示，为鞘管帽的另一种实施例，包括壳体套环1和一端同轴固定于壳体套环1的一端内表面上的圆柱体2，圆柱体2内开设有与其轴向方向平行的图像照明装置通道直孔16、钬激光通道直孔15和喷水通道直孔3，鞘管帽上开有与喷水通道直孔3连通、向鞘管帽的侧前方喷水的喷水通道斜孔4：包括开设于圆柱体2表面、与圆柱体2的轴向方向成角度的喷水通道斜槽4.2，喷水通道斜槽4.2的后端与喷水通道直孔3之间连接有开设于圆柱体2内的喷水连接通道4.3。喷水通道斜槽4.2间隔开设于圆柱体2的周向表面上。圆柱体2上同轴固定有圆柱体套环5，喷水通道斜槽4.2的出水端位于圆 柱体套环5的前方。壳体套环1与圆柱体套环5同轴固定连接为一体，圆柱体套环5的外径与壳体套环1的外径相同。
如图11—14为具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘，包括导引鞘手柄6和同轴固定于导引鞘手柄6前端的导引鞘管7，引导鞘手柄6上设有钬激光接头11、图像照明装置接头12和喷水接头8，钬激光接头11、图像照明装置接头12和喷水接头8分别沿各自轴向方向开设有钬激光接头通道13、图像照明装置接头通道14和喷水接头通道9，钬激光接头通道13、图像照明装置接头通道14和喷水接头通道9分别通过钬激光连接管20、图像连接管22和进水连接管21与导引鞘管7的轴向通道连通。
导引鞘管7包括同轴固定于引导鞘手柄6前端的导引鞘硬管7.1和同轴固定于导引鞘硬管7.1前端的导引鞘软管7.2，壳体套环1的另一端同轴固定连接于导引鞘软管7.2的前端表面上，壳体套环1上固定连接有牵引丝9，牵引丝9穿过导引鞘管7的轴向通道连接有软管弯曲控制装置10，软管弯曲控制装置10设置于引导鞘手柄6上。本发明中以拨轮和拨轮杆结构作为软管弯曲控制装置10，但不仅限于此，其他如拨杆和绕线轮的结构也可作为软管弯曲控制装置10。通过转动拨轮驱动拨杆前后移动，来带动牵引丝9前后移动，使导引鞘软管7.2弯曲。导引鞘管7内固定有轴向分隔板17，轴向分隔板17将导引鞘管7的轴向通道分隔为与钬激光接头通道13连通的第一腔道18、与图像照明装置接头通道14和喷水接头通道9连通的第二腔道19，第二腔道19的孔径大于第一腔道18的孔径；第一腔道18与钬激光通道直孔15同轴连通，第二腔道19与图像照明装置通道直孔16和喷水通道直孔3连通。
本发明中，鞘管帽以钬激光通道直孔15、图像照明装置通道直孔16和喷水通道直孔3为基础的情况下，设计了喷水通道斜孔4，使喷水通道斜孔4与喷水通道直孔3连通，在水流经过鞘管帽向其前方喷水时，可向鞘管帽的前方及侧前方喷水，两个方向的水流对碎石进行有效冲击，同时两个方向的水流相互作用形成漩涡，便于碎石的漂浮和排出，结构简单，实用性强。
如图11—14所示，内窥镜导引鞘与鞘管帽配合使用：在手术中，内窥镜导引鞘在腔道的引导下进入人体腔内，图像照明装置通过图像照明装置接头12进入进水内窥镜导引鞘前端，喷水接头8连接水管，通过喷水通道斜孔4和喷水通道直孔3在人体腔内喷出，冲洗视野保证图像照明装置传出清晰的图像，操作导引鞘手柄6，前后移动导引鞘手柄6 并通过软鞘弯曲控制装置10调节导引鞘软管7.2在腔内的弯曲角度来寻找结石，找到结石后从钬激光接头11插入钬激光对准结石将其粉碎，粉末化的结石通水循环冲出体外。
本发明中，内窥镜导引鞘与鞘管帽配合使用的优势是：导引鞘管7仅设两个腔道，腔道间仅一个壁，可节省空间，导引鞘硬管7.1不用弯曲，壁厚可比导引鞘软管7.2薄，这一系列改进可将导引鞘硬管7.1的外径做小(导引鞘软管7.2与导引鞘硬管7.1同外径以保证结构整体强度，或者导引鞘软管7.2较导引鞘硬管7.1细使导引鞘软管7.2更易进入细小腔道内，可根据实际情况选择)，在手术过程中，内窥镜导引鞘承载图像照明装置，钬激光、水流进入肾脏，导引鞘硬管7.1较导引鞘软管7.2外径小，于是导引鞘硬管7.1与腔道壁之间的间隙就大，让肾内的水很快流出，降低肾内压。
采用本发明所设计的鞘管帽和鞘管帽与内窥镜导引鞘的组合套装可对人体结石进行高效的治疗，操作方便，大大减少了病人的痛苦，一次手术即可根治所有肾盏内的结石，具有良好的治疗效果和很高的市场应用价值。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明的结构做任何形式上的限制。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种鞘管帽，包括壳体套环(1)和同轴固定于所述壳体套环(1)的一端内表面上的圆柱体(2)，所述圆柱体(2)内开设有与其轴向方向平行的器械通道直孔和喷水通道直孔(3)，其特征在于：所述鞘管帽上开有与所述喷水通道直孔(3)连通、可向所述鞘管帽的侧前方喷水的喷水通道斜孔(4)。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的鞘管帽，其特征在于：所述喷水通道斜孔(4)包括一端与所述喷水通道直孔(3)连通、另一端延伸至所述壳体套环(1)靠近所述圆柱体(2)前端面的一侧外表面上的喷水通道斜向直孔(4.1)；所述喷水通道斜向直孔(4.1)沿所述鞘管帽的圆周方向的一圈间隔设置。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的鞘管帽，其特征在于：所述喷水通道斜向直孔(4.1)与所述喷水通道直孔(3)的夹角为5°～85°。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的鞘管帽，其特征在于：所述喷水通道斜孔(4)包括开设于所述圆柱体(2)表面、与所述圆柱体(2)的轴向方向成角度的喷水通道斜槽(4.2)，所述喷水通道斜槽(4.2)的后端与所述喷水通道直孔(3)之间连接有开设于所述圆柱体(2)内的喷水连接通道(4.3)；所述喷水通道斜槽(4.2)间隔开设于所述圆柱体(2)的圆周方向的一圈表面上。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的鞘管帽，其特征在于：所述圆柱体(2)上同轴固定有可使水流沿所述喷水通道斜槽(4.2)的走向、向所述鞘管帽的侧前方喷水的圆柱体套环(5)，所述喷水通道斜槽(4.2)的出水端位于所述圆柱体套环(5)的前方。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的鞘管帽，其特征在于：所述壳体套环(1)与所述圆柱体套环(5)同轴固定连接为一体，所述圆柱体套环(5)的外径与所述壳体套环(1)的外径相同。
  7. 一种具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘，包括导引鞘手柄(6)和同轴固定于所述导引鞘手柄(6)前端的导引鞘管(7)，所述导引鞘管(7)内开设有轴向通道，所述引导鞘手柄(6)上设有器械接头和喷水接头(8)，所述器械接头和喷水接头(8)分别沿各自轴向方向开设有与所述导引鞘管(7)的轴向通道相连通的器械接头通道和喷水接头通道(9)，其特征在于：它还包括上述权利要求1—7中任意一条所述的鞘管帽，所述壳体套环(1)的另一端内表面同轴固定于所述导引鞘管(7)的前端，所述器械通道直孔和所 述喷水通道直孔(3)均与所述导引鞘管(7)的轴向通道连通。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘，其特征在于：所述导引鞘管(7)包括同轴固定于所述引导鞘手柄(6)前端的导引鞘硬管(7.1)和同轴固定于所述导引鞘硬管(7.1)前端的导引鞘软管(7.2)，所述壳体套环(1)的另一端同轴固定连接于所述导引鞘软管(7.2)的前端表面上，所述壳体套环(1)上固定连接有牵引丝(9)，所述牵引丝(9)穿过所述导引鞘管(7)的轴向通道连接有软管弯曲控制装置(10)，所述软管弯曲控制装置(10)设置于所述引导鞘手柄(6)上。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘，其特征在于：所述器械接头包括钬激光接头(11)和图像照明装置接头(12)，所述钬激光接头(11)和所述图像照明装置接头(12)分别沿各自轴向开设有与所述导引鞘管(7)的轴向通道连通的钬激光接头通道(13)和图像照明装置接头通道(14)；所述器械通道直孔包括钬激光通道直孔(15)和图像照明装置通道直孔(16)；所述钬激光通道直孔(15)、图像照明装置通道直孔(16)和所述喷水通道直孔(3)均与所述导引鞘管(7)的轴向通道连通。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘，其特征在于：所述导引鞘管(7)内固定有轴向分隔板(17)，所述轴向分隔板(17)将所述导引鞘管(7)的轴向通道分隔为与所述钬激光接头通道(13)连通的第一腔道(18)、与所述图像照明装置接头通道(14)和所述喷水接头通道(9)连通的第二腔道(19)，所述第二腔道(19)的孔径大于所述第一腔道(18)的孔径；所述第一腔道(18)与所述钬激光通道直孔(15)同轴连通，所述第二腔道(19)与所述图像照明装置通道直孔(16)和所述喷水通道直孔(3)连通。
PCT/CN2019/097446 2019-04-30 2019-07-24 一种鞘管帽及具有鞘管帽的内窥镜导引鞘 Ceased WO2020220485A1 (zh)

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