WO2020220560A1 - 热失控检测电路 - Google Patents

热失控检测电路 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220560A1
WO2020220560A1 PCT/CN2019/105715 CN2019105715W WO2020220560A1 WO 2020220560 A1 WO2020220560 A1 WO 2020220560A1 CN 2019105715 W CN2019105715 W CN 2019105715W WO 2020220560 A1 WO2020220560 A1 WO 2020220560A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
thermal runaway
voltage
data
sampling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/105715
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许佳
但志敏
曾超
王潇
侯贻真
张伟
胡国亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP19901425.9A priority Critical patent/EP3757590B1/en
Publication of WO2020220560A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220560A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/06—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using melting, freezing, or softening
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
    • G01K3/005—Circuits arrangements for indicating a predetermined temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
    • G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
    • G01K7/20—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit
    • G01K7/206—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit in a potentiometer circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/65—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overtemperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a thermal runaway detection circuit.
  • battery packs can be used as a power source to provide power for new energy vehicles, new energy ships, new energy aircraft, and so on.
  • the battery pack generates heat during operation. Under normal conditions, the heat generated by the battery pack is controllable. However, under abnormal conditions, such as collisions, overcharging, etc., the heat generated by the battery pack is uncontrollable, leading to thermal runaway. Once thermal runaway occurs, it may cause a fire, threatening the safety of the battery pack, equipment installed with the battery pack, and the personal safety of related personnel.
  • the battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) monitors changes in voltage or temperature to determine whether thermal runaway occurs.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • the circuit board or monitoring unit used to communicate with the BMS may be sputtered and burned by the high temperature electrolyte generated by the thermal runaway.
  • the BMS cannot detect thermal runaway, which reduces the safety of the battery pack.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a thermal runaway detection circuit, which can improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a thermal runaway detection circuit, including: a sensing module, the sensing module includes a sensing wire, the distance between at least a part of the sensing wire and a single cell in the battery pack is less than a temperature sensing distance threshold; a detection module, a detection module Connected to the sensing line, the detection module includes at least one set of piezoresistors, one end of each set of piezoresistors is connected to the first power supply terminal, and the other end of each set of piezoresistors is connected to ground, and each set of piezoresistors is connected to ground.
  • It includes at least two sets of voltage divider resistors connected in series; a processing module, the processing module is connected to the detection module, the processing module is used to obtain thermal runaway detection data, and determine whether the battery pack has thermal runaway according to the thermal runaway detection data, where thermal runaway detection
  • the data includes battery pack data and sampling data collected from sampling points. The sampling points are set between two connected voltage divider sets.
  • the embodiment of the application provides a thermal runaway detection circuit.
  • the sensing module includes a sensing wire, and the distance between at least a part of the sensing wire and the single cell in the battery pack is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold, so that the state of the sensing wire is affected by the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the sensing line is affected by the temperature of the single cell, and the on-off state of the sensing line will change, so that the sampling data collected from the sampling point will change.
  • the processing module can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack in time, which improves the safety of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a thermal runaway detection circuit, which can be used in a scenario where a battery pack is monitored for thermal runaway.
  • the battery pack includes at least one single cell.
  • the battery pack can be a battery module, a battery pack, etc., which is not limited here.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack in time, so that corresponding measures can be taken in time in the subsequent process to improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in an embodiment of the application. As shown in the figure, the thermal runaway detection circuit includes an induction module P1, a detection module P2, and a processing module P3.
  • the sensing module P1 includes sensing wires.
  • the distance between at least a part of the sensing line and the single cell in the battery pack is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold.
  • the number and types of sensing lines can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and are not limited here.
  • the temperature sensing distance threshold is the distance threshold at which the sensing line can sensitively sense that the temperature of the single cell in the battery pack is higher than the temperature threshold.
  • the temperature sensing distance threshold can be set according to the characteristic parameters of the induction wire, the characteristic parameters of the single cell, and the specific work scenario and work requirements, which is not limited here.
  • the temperature of a single cell is higher than the high temperature threshold, and the on-off state of at least a part of the sensing wire whose distance from the single cell is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold will change.
  • the sensing wire may Open circuit. If thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, the temperature of the single cell will be higher than the high temperature threshold.
  • At least a part of the induction wire may be arranged directly above the cell explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack. Due to thermal runaway of the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell will rupture, and high-temperature electrolyte and high-temperature gas will be ejected from the explosion-proof valve port of the battery. At least a part of the induction wire is arranged directly above the explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack, which can make the induction wire more sensitive to the thermal runaway induction of the battery pack, thereby further improving the accuracy and timeliness of the thermal runaway detection .
  • the induction wire can pass directly above the explosion-proof valve ports of all the single cells in the battery pack.
  • the specific setting of the sensing line can also be determined in conjunction with the internal structure of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack is a battery pack, and the battery pack includes multiple battery modules.
  • the sensing line may include multiple sensing line segments, each sensing line segment corresponds to a battery module or several battery modules, and each sensing line segment can be connected by other wiring harnesses or connectors.
  • the detection module P2 is connected with the sensing line.
  • the detection module P2 includes at least one set of piezoresistors. One end of each group of piezoresistors is connected to the first power supply terminal, and the other end of each group of piezoresistors is connected to ground.
  • Each piezoresistor set includes at least two voltage divider sets connected in series.
  • the first power supply terminal can provide a voltage, for example, a voltage of 5V. If the battery pack and the thermal runaway detection circuit are installed in a powered car, the voltage of the first power supply terminal 5V can be provided by the lead-acid battery in the powered car.
  • a set of voltage dividing resistors includes at least one resistor. If a set of voltage divider resistors includes multiple resistors, the number and connection mode of the resistors are not limited here.
  • the voltage dividing resistor set is used to divide the voltage, so that the processing module P3 can collect sampling data from sampling points arranged between the two connected voltage dividing resistor sets.
  • the detection module P2 may be specifically disposed in a battery management unit (Battery Management Unit, BMU).
  • BMU Battery Management Unit
  • the BMU has a shell structure, and the detection module P2 can avoid being spattered by the high-temperature electrolyte generated by the battery pack that has thermal runaway.
  • the specific location of the detection module P2 is not limited, and a protective cover is provided for the detection module P2 to prevent the high-temperature electrolyte generated by the battery pack with thermal runaway from being splashed on the detection module P2. Thereby further ensuring the timeliness of the detection of thermal runaway and the safety of the thermal runaway detection circuit.
  • the processing module P3 is connected to the detection module P2.
  • the processing module P3 is used to obtain thermal runaway detection data, and determine whether the battery pack has thermal runaway based on the thermal runaway detection data.
  • the thermal runaway detection data includes sampling data collected from sampling points, and the sampling points are set between two connected voltage divider sets.
  • Battery pack data is data related to the battery pack, which can characterize various states of the battery pack, such as temperature, voltage, failure, and the effectiveness of external communication.
  • the processing module P3 collects sampling data from the sampling points.
  • the processing module P3 may specifically include a sampling port, and the sampling port is connected to the sampling point.
  • the location and number of sampling points can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and are not limited here.
  • the sampled data may include electrical parameter signals, such as voltage, current, etc., which are not limited herein.
  • the on-off state of the induction line can be determined, that is, the short circuit, open circuit or normal path of the induction line can be determined.
  • the processing module P3 determines whether a thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack based on the on-off state of the induction line, so as to ensure the reliability of the thermal runaway detection.
  • the processing module P3 can be set in the BMU, or the functions of the processing module P3 can be integrated in the BMU.
  • the processing module P3 can be specifically a Micro Control Unit (MCU, MCU) in the BMU. This is not limited.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit includes an induction module P1, a detection module P2, and a processing module P3.
  • the sensing module P1 includes a sensing wire, and the distance between at least a part of the sensing wire and the single cell in the battery pack is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold, so that the state of the sensing wire is affected by the temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the sensing line is affected by the temperature of the single cell, and the on-off state of the sensing line will change, so that the sampling data collected from the sampling point will change.
  • the processing module P3 can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack in time based on the thermal runaway detection data, which improves the safety of the battery pack.
  • the processing module P3 in the above embodiment may further include an alarm circuit, which can be used to send an alarm signal to the vehicle controller if it is determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control to trigger the vehicle controller to take corresponding measures Or remind relevant personnel.
  • an alarm circuit which can be used to send an alarm signal to the vehicle controller if it is determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control to trigger the vehicle controller to take corresponding measures Or remind relevant personnel.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit if the thermal runaway detection circuit is installed in a powered car, the thermal runaway detection and warning can still be performed when the entire powered car is in a parking dormant state.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application (the processing module P3 is not shown).
  • the sensing line in the detection module P2 includes a first sensing line and a second sensing line.
  • the detection module P2 includes two sets of piezoresistors.
  • the first sensing line and the second sensing line can be specifically arranged on the circuit board above the battery pack.
  • the circuit board may specifically be a flexible printed circuit (FPC)
  • the first sensing line and the second sensing line may be copper wires wrapped in the FPC base material, and the original collection temperature set on the FPC
  • the sampling lines of, voltage, etc. are distinguished.
  • the first induction line and the second induction line are thinner than the sampling line, that is, the diameter of the first induction line and the second induction line are smaller than the diameter of the sampling line.
  • At least a part of the first induction line and at least a part of the second induction line are located directly above the cell explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack. If the battery pack is thermally out of control, the explosion-proof valve of the cell will rupture, and high-temperature electrolyte, high-temperature gas, etc. will be ejected from the explosion-proof valve port of the cell. At least a part of the first induction wire and at least a part of the second induction wire are arranged directly above the explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack, so that the first induction wire and the second induction wire can heat the battery pack. The runaway induction is more sensitive, thereby further improving the accuracy and timeliness of thermal runaway detection.
  • first induction line and the second induction line can pass directly above the explosion-proof valve ports of all the single cells in the battery pack.
  • the specific settings of the first sensing line and the second sensing line can also be determined in conjunction with the internal structure of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack is a battery pack
  • the battery pack includes multiple battery modules
  • multiple circuit boards may be provided in the battery pack.
  • the first sensing line may include a plurality of sensing line segments, each sensing line segment is arranged on a circuit board, and each sensing line segment can be connected by other wiring harnesses or connectors.
  • the second sensing line please refer to the first sensing line, which will not be repeated here.
  • the sampling points include a first sampling point, a second sampling point, a third sampling point, and a fourth sampling point.
  • the first set of piezoresistors includes a first set of voltage dividers, a second set of voltage dividers, and a third set of voltage dividers connected in series. One end of the first voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the first power supply terminal. One end of the third voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the ground.
  • the first voltage dividing resistor set includes a resistor R1
  • the second voltage dividing resistor set includes a resistor R2
  • the third voltage dividing resistor set includes a resistor R3.
  • one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the first power supply terminal V1
  • the other end of the resistor R1 is connected to one end of the resistor R2.
  • the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3.
  • One end of the resistor R3 is connected to the ground.
  • the first sampling point is arranged between the first voltage dividing resistor set and the second voltage dividing resistor set.
  • the second sampling point is arranged between the second voltage dividing resistor set and the third voltage dividing resistor set.
  • One end of the first sensing line is connected to the first sampling point, and the other end of the first sensing line is connected to the second sampling point.
  • the first sampling point is marked as AD1
  • the second sampling point is marked as AD2.
  • the first sampling point AD1 is set between the resistor R1 and the resistor R2
  • the second sampling point AD2 is set between the resistor R2 and the resistor R3.
  • the first induction line is marked with a, and the first induction line a is equivalent to parallel with the resistor R2.
  • the second set of piezoresistors includes a fourth set of voltage dividers, a fifth set of voltage dividers, and a sixth set of voltage dividers connected in series. One end of the fourth voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the first power supply terminal. One end of the sixth voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the ground.
  • the fourth voltage dividing resistor set includes resistor R4, the fifth voltage dividing resistor set includes resistor R5, and the sixth voltage dividing resistor set includes resistor R6.
  • One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the first power supply terminal V1, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to one end of the resistor R5.
  • the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the other end of the resistor R6.
  • One end of the resistor R6 is connected to the ground.
  • the third sampling point is set between the fourth voltage dividing resistor set and the fifth voltage dividing resistor set.
  • the fourth sampling point is set between the fifth voltage dividing resistor set and the sixth voltage dividing resistor set.
  • One end of the second sensing line is connected to the third sampling point, and the other end of the second sensing line is connected to the fourth sampling point.
  • the third sampling point is marked as AD3, and the fourth sampling point is marked as AD4.
  • the third sampling point AD3 is set between the resistor R4 and the resistor R5, and the fourth sampling point AD4 is set between the resistor R5 and the resistor R6.
  • the second induction line is marked with b, and the second induction line b is equivalent to being connected in parallel with the resistor R5.
  • first power supply terminal V1 If the first induction line a is not disconnected, the loop of the first power supply terminal V1 to the ground through the first group of piezoelectric resistors is: first power supply terminal V1 ⁇ resistor R1 ⁇ first induction line a ⁇ resistor R3 ⁇ ground.
  • first power supply terminal V1 If the first induction line a is disconnected, the loop that the first power supply terminal V1 gathers to the ground through the first group of piezoelectric resistors is: first power supply terminal V1 ⁇ resistor R1 ⁇ resistor R2 ⁇ resistor R3 ⁇ ground.
  • first power supply terminal V1 is: first power supply terminal V1 ⁇ resistor R4 ⁇ resistor R5 ⁇ resistor R6 ⁇ ground.
  • the first sampling data collected from the first sampling point AD1 is different from the second sampling data collected from the second sampling point AD2 when the first sensing line a is disconnected or not.
  • the first sampling data and the second sampling data determine the on-off state of the first sensing line a.
  • the on-off state includes open circuit and no open circuit (ie, normal circuit).
  • the third sampling data collected from the third sampling point AD3 is different from the fourth sampling data collected from the fourth sampling point AD4 when the second sensing line b is disconnected or not.
  • the third sampling data and the fourth sampling data determine the on-off state of the second sensing line b.
  • the on-off state includes open circuit and no open circuit (ie, normal circuit).
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack data.
  • the first disconnection threshold range and the second disconnection threshold range used to determine the disconnection of the first sensing line, and the third disconnection threshold range and the fourth disconnection threshold range used to determine the disconnection of the second sensing line may be preset. Open circuit threshold range.
  • the first path threshold range and the second path threshold range for determining the normal path of the first sensing line, and the third path threshold range and the second path threshold range for determining the normal path of the second sensing line may also be preset Four-channel threshold range.
  • the first disconnection threshold value range and the second disconnection threshold value range are related to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the first voltage dividing resistor set, the second voltage dividing resistor set, the third voltage dividing resistor set, and the acceptable error range. That is to say, according to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the first voltage divider resistor set, the second voltage divider resistor set, the third voltage divider resistor set, and the acceptable error range, the first open circuit threshold range and the second open circuit can be calculated. Threshold range.
  • the third disconnection threshold range and the fourth disconnection threshold range are related to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the fourth voltage dividing resistor set, the fifth voltage dividing resistor set, the sixth voltage dividing resistor set, and the acceptable error range.
  • the third open circuit threshold range and the fourth open circuit can be calculated Threshold range.
  • the first path threshold value range and the second path threshold value range are related to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the first voltage dividing resistor set, the third voltage dividing resistor set, and the acceptable error range. That is to say, the first path threshold range and the second path threshold range can be calculated according to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the first set of voltage dividing resistors, the third set of voltage dividing resistors, and the acceptable error range.
  • the third path threshold value range and the fourth path threshold value range are related to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the fourth voltage dividing resistor set, the sixth voltage dividing resistor set, and the acceptable error range. That is to say, the third path threshold range and the fourth path threshold range can be calculated according to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the fourth voltage divider resistor set, the sixth voltage divider resistor set, and the acceptable error range.
  • first path threshold range and the second path threshold range may be the same, or the deviation between the first path threshold range and the second path threshold range is within an acceptable range.
  • the third path threshold range and the fourth path threshold range may be the same, or the deviation between the third path threshold range and the fourth path threshold range is within an acceptable range.
  • the aforementioned processing module P3 may include a sampling port, a sensor, a first comparison circuit, a second comparison circuit, and a first judgment circuit.
  • the sampling port is connected to the first sampling point, the second sampling point, the third sampling point, and the fourth sampling point, and is used to obtain the first sampling point, the second sampling point, the third sampling point, and the fourth sampling point respectively. Sampling data, second sampling data, third sampling data, and fourth sampling data. Specifically, a sampling port can be correspondingly set for each sampling point, and sampling data of the corresponding sampling point can be collected through the sampling port.
  • the sensor is used to collect battery pack data.
  • the sensor may specifically be a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a communication sensor, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the first comparison circuit is connected to the sampling port, and is configured to send a first disconnection signal if the first sampled data is within the first disconnection threshold range and the second sampled data is within the second disconnection threshold range.
  • the first disconnection signal indicates that the first induction line is disconnected.
  • the second comparison circuit is connected to the sampling port, and is used for sending a second disconnection signal if the third sampled data is within the third disconnection threshold range and the fourth sampled data is within the fourth disconnection threshold range.
  • the second disconnection signal indicates that the second induction line is disconnected.
  • the first judgment circuit is connected with the first comparison circuit, the second comparison circuit and the sensor.
  • the first judging circuit is used for determining that the battery pack has thermal runaway if the first disconnection signal and the second disconnection signal are received within the preset time period and at least one parameter in the battery pack data meets the fault condition.
  • the foregoing first comparison circuit, first comparison circuit, and first judgment circuit may include resistors, capacitors, comparators, amplifiers and other devices, which are not limited herein.
  • the battery pack data includes at least one parameter.
  • Parameters can be used to characterize various states of the battery pack, such as temperature, voltage, failure, and the effectiveness of external communication.
  • the battery pack data may specifically be various parameters related to the battery pack.
  • the maximum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack the temperature change speed of the single cells in the battery pack, the difference between the highest and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack, and the smallest single cell in the battery pack
  • the voltage, the number of voltage sampling and open circuit failures of the battery pack, the temperature sensing failure parameter, and the battery monitoring communication failure parameter are not limited here.
  • Fault conditions include parameters exceeding the safety parameter threshold range or parameter characterization failure.
  • the preset duration can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and is not limited here. Setting the preset duration can effectively avoid at least part of the misjudgment of thermal runaway and improve the reliability of thermal runaway detection.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the highest temperature of the single cell in the battery pack may specifically be the highest temperature safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the temperature change speed of the single cells in the battery pack may specifically be a temperature change speed safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack may specifically be a temperature difference safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack may specifically be the minimum voltage safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold value range corresponding to the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack may specifically be a fault data safety threshold value range.
  • the temperature sensing failure parameter can characterize whether the sensor or sensing component used for temperature measurement fails. For example, a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor is provided in the battery pack, and the temperature sensing failure parameter can indicate whether the NTC thermistor provided in the battery pack has completely failed.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • the cell monitoring communication failure parameter can indicate whether the communication between the component that monitors the single cell and the BMU fails (that is, whether it is lost).
  • the single cells of the battery pack are equipped with a cell supervision circuit (Cell Supervision Circuit, CSC), and the cell monitoring communication failure parameter can indicate whether the communication between the CSC and the BMU fails.
  • CSC Cell Supervision Circuit
  • thermo runaway of the battery pack when it is determined that the first sensing line and the second sensing line are disconnected.
  • the conditions for determining the thermal runaway of the battery pack include but are not limited to the following examples.
  • Example 1 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the first induction wire and the second induction wire are disconnected, and the maximum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds to be greater than 68.4°C, which can confirm that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 2 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the first induction line and the second induction line are disconnected, and the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds and is greater than 3°C/sec, which can determine that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 3 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the first induction wire and the second induction wire are disconnected, and the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 30°C, it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 4 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the first induction line and the second induction line are disconnected, and the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack lasts for 300 milliseconds and is less than 2V, and it can be determined that the battery pack has thermal runaway.
  • Example 5 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the first induction line and the second induction line are disconnected, and the number of voltage sampling disconnection faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and it can be determined that the battery pack has a thermal runaway.
  • Example 6 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the first sensing line and the second sensing line are open, and the temperature sensing failure parameter can indicate the complete failure of the NTC thermistor set in the battery pack, and it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control .
  • Example 7 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the first induction line and the second induction line are disconnected, and the cell monitoring communication failure parameter can indicate the communication failure between the CSC and the BMU, and it can be determined that the battery pack has thermal runaway.
  • the above-mentioned first judgment circuit is also used for if the first disconnection signal and/or the second disconnection signal are not received within the preset time period, and at least one set of parameters in the battery pack data meets the fault condition, Make sure that the battery pack is experiencing thermal runaway.
  • the first disconnection signal and/or disconnection signal is not received, which means that at least one of the first induction line and the second induction line is not disconnected. Specifically, it may be that only one of the first induction line and the second induction line is The wire is disconnected, or, specifically, it may be that neither the first induction wire nor the second induction wire is disconnected.
  • a set of parameters includes at least two parameters.
  • a set of parameters includes but is not limited to any one of the following sets of parameters:
  • the first group the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack and the highest temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the second group the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack and the temperature change speed of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the third group the difference between the minimum voltage of a single cell in the battery pack and the highest and lowest temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the fourth group the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack and the highest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack.
  • the fifth group the difference between the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack and the highest and lowest temperatures of the single cells in the battery pack.
  • the sixth group the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack and the maximum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the seventh group the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack and the temperature change speed of the single cells in the battery pack.
  • the eighth group the difference between the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack and the maximum temperature and minimum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack
  • the ninth group the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack and the temperature measurement sensor failure parameters.
  • Fault conditions include parameters exceeding the safety parameter threshold range or parameter characterization failure.
  • parameters and fault conditions are listed below. If at least one set of parameters meets its own corresponding fault conditions, it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control. At least two parameters satisfying their own corresponding fault conditions can further improve the reliability of thermal runaway detection. It should be noted that the parameters and fault conditions in the embodiments of the present application include but are not limited to the following parameters and fault conditions.
  • the first set of parameters and its fault conditions the minimum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack lasts 300 milliseconds and is less than 2V, and the highest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack lasts 2 seconds and is greater than 68°C.
  • the second set of parameters and its fault conditions the minimum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 300 milliseconds and is less than 2V, and the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds and is greater than 3°C/sec.
  • the third group of parameters and its fault conditions the minimum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 300 milliseconds and is less than 2V, and the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 30°C.
  • the fourth group of parameters and its fault conditions the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds greater than 3°C/sec, and the maximum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds greater than 68°C.
  • the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds and is greater than 3°C/sec, and the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 30°C.
  • the sixth group of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the maximum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack is greater than 68°C for 2 seconds.
  • the seventh set of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds and is greater than 3°C/sec.
  • the eighth group of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack is greater than 30°C.
  • the ninth group of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open-circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the temperature sensing failure parameter indicates that the NTC thermistor set in the battery pack has completely failed.
  • the first sampling data is neither within the range of the first disconnection threshold nor within the range of the first path threshold, it can be determined that the sampling port corresponding to the first sampling point is faulty. If the second sampling data is neither within the second disconnection threshold range nor within the second path threshold range, it can be determined that the sampling port corresponding to the second sampling point is faulty. If the third sampling data is neither within the third disconnection threshold range nor within the third path threshold range, it can be determined that the sampling port corresponding to the third sampling point is faulty. If the fourth sampling data is neither within the range of the fourth disconnection threshold nor within the range of the fourth path threshold, it can be determined that the sampling port corresponding to the fourth sampling point is faulty.
  • a sampling failure prompt message can be issued to remind the vehicle controller to take corresponding measures or to remind relevant personnel.
  • the above-mentioned first judgment circuit is further configured to: if the first disconnection signal and/or the second disconnection signal are not received, and the battery pack data meets the fault condition, send a thermal runaway warning message.
  • the battery pack data includes the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack during the charging process, the actual state of charge of the battery pack during the charging process, and the charging current of the battery pack during the charging process.
  • Fault conditions include parameters outside the safety parameter threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range includes the voltage safety parameter threshold range, the state of charge safety parameter threshold range, and the current safety parameter threshold range.
  • the maximum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack during the charging process exceeds the voltage safety parameter threshold range, and the battery pack’s
  • the actual state of charge exceeds the safety parameter threshold range of the state of charge, and the charging current of the battery pack exceeds the current safety parameter threshold range during the charging process, which can predict the imminent thermal runaway of the battery pack.
  • An early warning message for thermal runaway can be issued, so that corresponding measures can be taken in advance to avoid thermal runaway and further improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 1.1 times the three-level overvoltage threshold, the actual state of charge of the battery pack is greater than 115%, and the charging current is greater than or equal to 0.33 times the 1-hour rate
  • the rated charging current can predict the imminent thermal runaway, and send the thermal runaway warning message.
  • the state of the BMU includes a working state and a sleep state.
  • BMU is in working state
  • BMU's power supply module P5 controls BMU's power supply module to power on, so that BMU is in working state, and can normally monitor battery pack data, such as voltage monitoring, current monitoring, temperature monitoring, insulation monitoring, and charging state Monitoring, etc., can obtain voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, etc. as thermal runaway detection data.
  • the BMU is in the dormant state, the power supply module P5 of the BMU controls the power supply module of the BMU to power off, and the BMU stops data monitoring of the battery pack.
  • the power module P5 may be specifically implemented as a power chip, such as a system basis chip (System Basis Chip, SBC), which is not limited here.
  • SBC System Basis Chip
  • the BMU stops data monitoring of the battery pack, and cannot provide thermal runaway detection data. If the processing module P3 is integrated in the BMU, the BMU is in the dormant state, and the detection and determination of thermal runaway cannot be performed.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application (the processing module P3 is not shown).
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 can be in a sleep state in the BMU, but thermal runaway may occur, and when thermal runaway detection is required, the BMU will be awakened.
  • the difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 2 is that the detection module P2 in the thermal runaway detection circuit shown in FIG. 3 may also include some protection devices and/or filter devices.
  • the protection devices may specifically include protective capacitors, and the filter components may specifically include Filter capacitor and filter resistor.
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 is arranged between the first power supply terminal and all the component voltage resistor sets.
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 is used to send a control signal to the power module P5 of the battery management unit when the battery management unit is in a sleep state.
  • the control signal is used to instruct the power module P5 to control the battery management unit to continue to be in a sleep state or switch to a working state. For example, if the voltage of the control signal is higher than or equal to the startup voltage threshold of the power supply module P5, that is, the control signal controls the BMU to switch to the working state, and the BMU is awakened. If the voltage of the control signal is lower than the start-up voltage threshold of the power module P5, that is, the control signal controls the BMU to continue to sleep, and the BMU is not awakened.
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 includes a ninth voltage divider resistor set.
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 includes a ninth voltage dividing resistor set and a diode.
  • the diode is arranged between the ninth voltage dividing resistor set and the power module P5. Specifically, the anode of the diode is connected to the ninth voltage divider resistor assembly, and the cathode of the diode is connected to the power module P5.
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 includes a ninth voltage divider resistor set and a diode.
  • the ninth voltage divider resistor set includes resistor R9.
  • One end of the resistor R9 is connected to the first power supply terminal V1, and the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the anode of the diode D1.
  • the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the battery module, one end of the resistor R1, and one end of the resistor R4.
  • a fourth power supply terminal continuously provides a wake-up signal to the power module P5 of the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered on when the BMU is in the working state, so as to ensure that the wake-up signal is continuously provided to the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered off when the BMU is in the sleep state, and the sleep wake-up module P4 wakes up the BMU.
  • a resistor R10 can be provided between the fourth power supply terminal V4 and the BMU.
  • a diode D2 can also be provided between the resistor R10 and the power module P5.
  • the anode of the diode D2 is connected to the resistor R10, and the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the power module P5.
  • Both diodes D1 and D2 can prevent current from flowing backward.
  • the diode D1 and the diode D2 also compete for power supply. For example, if the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal V4 is higher than the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal V1, when the BMU is in the working state, the fourth power supply terminal V4 can ensure that the BMU is continuously in the working state.
  • the value of the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal V4 and the value of the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal V1 may be the same or different, which is not limited herein.
  • the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal V4 is 12V.
  • the protective capacitor can prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) from the thermal runaway detection circuit.
  • the protection capacitor may include a first protection capacitor, a second protection capacitor, a third protection capacitor, and a fourth protection capacitor.
  • one end of the first protection capacitor C1 is connected to the end of the resistor R1 connected to the first sampling point AD1
  • one end of the second protection capacitor C2 is connected to the end of the resistor R2 connected to the second sampling point AD2
  • the third One end of the protection capacitor C3 is connected to the end of the resistor R4 connected to the third sampling point AD3
  • one end of the fourth protection capacitor C4 is connected to the end of the resistor R5 connected to the fourth sampling point AD4.
  • the other ends of the first protection capacitor C1, the second protection capacitor C2, the third protection capacitor C3, and the fourth protection capacitor C4 are connected to the ground.
  • the detection module P2 also includes a filter capacitor and a filter resistor. One end of the filter capacitor is connected to one end of the filter resistor and the sampling point, and the other end of the filter capacitor is connected to the ground. The other end of the filter resistor is connected to one end of the protection capacitor.
  • the filter capacitor may include a first filter capacitor C5, a second filter capacitor C6, a third filter capacitor C7, and a fourth filter capacitor C8.
  • the filter resistor may include a resistor R11, a resistor R12, a resistor R13, and a resistor R14. As shown in FIG. 3, one end of the first filter capacitor C5 is connected to one end of the resistor R11, and the other end of the first filter capacitor C5 is connected to the ground. One end of the second filter capacitor C6 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, and the other end of the second filter capacitor C6 is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the third filter capacitor C7 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the third filter capacitor C7 is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the fourth filter capacitor C8 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the fourth filter capacitor C8 is connected to the ground.
  • the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the first sampling point AD1.
  • the other end of the resistor R12 is connected to the second sampling point AD2.
  • the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the third sampling point AD3.
  • the other end of the resistor R14 is connected to the fourth sampling point AD4.
  • the filter capacitor and the filter resistor form an RC filter circuit, which can filter the sampled data at the sampling point to improve the accuracy of the sampling data collected from the sampling point, thereby improving the accuracy of thermal runaway detection.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application (the processing module P3 is not shown).
  • the sensing line in the sensing module P1 includes a third sensing line.
  • the detection module P2 includes a set of piezoresistors.
  • the third induction line is arranged in the protective plate above the battery pack.
  • the third sensing wire may be a tin wire or a connection wire made of other conductive materials with a melting point lower than the melting point threshold.
  • the melting point threshold can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and is not limited here.
  • the protective plate can be a mica plate, and the third induction wire, such as a tin wire, can be embedded in the mica plate.
  • At least a part of the third induction line is located directly above the cell explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack. If the battery pack is thermally out of control, the explosion-proof valve of the cell will rupture, and high-temperature electrolyte, high-temperature gas, etc. will be ejected from the explosion-proof valve port of the cell. At least a part of the third induction line is set directly above the explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack, which can make the third induction line more sensitive to the thermal runaway induction of the battery pack, thereby further improving the accuracy of thermal runaway detection Sexuality and timeliness.
  • the third induction line can pass directly above the explosion-proof valve ports of all the single cells in the battery pack.
  • the specific setting of the third sensing line can also be determined in conjunction with the internal structure of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack is a battery pack
  • the battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules
  • a plurality of protective plates may be provided in the battery pack.
  • the third sensing line may include a plurality of sensing line segments, each sensing line segment is arranged in a protective plate, and each sensing line segment can be connected by other wiring harnesses or connectors.
  • the sampling point includes the fifth sampling point.
  • the aforementioned one set of piezoresistors includes a seventh set of voltage dividers and an eighth set of voltage dividers.
  • the seventh voltage dividing resistor set and the eighth voltage dividing resistor are connected in series through the third sensing line.
  • One end of the seventh voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the first power supply terminal, the other end of the seventh voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the other end of the eighth voltage dividing resistor set through the third induction line, and one end of the eighth voltage dividing resistor set is connected to ⁇ Ground connection.
  • the fifth sampling point is set between the seventh voltage dividing resistor set and the eighth voltage dividing resistor set.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit may further include a sleep and wake-up module P4.
  • the connection position and function of the sleep and wake-up module P4 are basically the same as those of the sleep and wake-up module P4 in the foregoing embodiment. Refer to the relevant description in the foregoing embodiment. , I won’t repeat it here.
  • the seventh voltage dividing resistor set includes a resistor R7
  • the eighth voltage dividing resistor set includes a resistor R8.
  • the ninth voltage divider resistor set in the sleep wake-up module P4 includes a resistor R15.
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 may further include a diode D3.
  • One end of the resistor R15 is connected to the first voltage terminal V1, and the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to the anode of the diode D3.
  • the cathode of the diode D3 is connected to one end of the resistor R7.
  • the other end of the resistor R7 is connected to the other end of the resistor R8 through the third induction line c.
  • One end of the resistor R8 is connected to the ground.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit includes a sleep wake-up module P4
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 includes a ninth voltage divider set.
  • the threshold range is also related to the ninth voltage divider resistor set.
  • the sleep wake-up module P4 further includes a diode, the first disconnection threshold range, the second disconnection threshold range, the third disconnection threshold range, the fourth disconnection threshold range, the first path threshold range, and the second path threshold range in the above embodiments
  • the third path threshold range and the fourth path threshold range are also related to the diode.
  • the first disconnection threshold range, the second disconnection threshold range, the third disconnection threshold range, the fourth disconnection threshold range, and the The first path threshold range, the second path threshold range, the third path threshold range, and the fourth path threshold range may also be related to the resistance and the diode between the fourth power supply terminal and the power module P5.
  • a fourth power supply terminal continuously provides a wake-up signal to the power module P5 of the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered on when the BMU is in the working state, so as to ensure that the wake-up signal is continuously provided to the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered off when the BMU is in the sleep state, and the sleep wake-up module P4 wakes up the BMU.
  • a resistor R16 can be provided between the fourth power supply terminal V4 and the BMU.
  • a diode D4 can also be provided between the resistor R16 and the power module P5.
  • the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the resistor R16, and the cathode of the diode D4 is connected to the power module P5.
  • Both diodes D3 and D4 can prevent current from flowing backward.
  • the diode D3 and the diode D4 also compete for power supply. For example, if the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal V4 is higher than the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal V1, when the BMU is in the working state, the fourth power supply terminal V4 ensures that the BMU is continuously in the working state.
  • the detection module P2 may also include some protection devices/or filter devices.
  • protection capacitors for example, protection capacitors, filter capacitors, filter resistors, etc.
  • filter capacitors for the relevant content of the protection capacitor, filter capacitor, and filter resistor, refer to the relevant description in the above-mentioned embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the protection capacitor in the detection module P2 includes a fifth protection capacitor C9.
  • the filter capacitor includes a fifth filter capacitor C10.
  • the filter resistor includes resistor R17.
  • One end of the fifth protection capacitor C9 is connected to one end of the resistor R7 connected to the fifth sampling point AD5, and the other end of the fifth protection capacitor C9 is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the fifth filter capacitor C10 is connected to one end of the resistor R17 and the fifth sampling point AD5, and the other end of the fifth filter capacitor C10 is connected to the ground.
  • the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to the fifth protection capacitor C9.
  • the fifth disconnection threshold range for determining that the third sensing line is disconnected may be preset.
  • the fifth disconnection threshold range is related to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal. If the thermal runaway detection circuit further includes a sleep wake-up module P4, and the sleep wake-up module P4 further includes a diode, the fifth disconnection threshold range is also related to the diode.
  • the fifth path threshold range for determining the normal path of the third sensing line may also be preset.
  • the threshold range of the fifth path is related to the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the seventh voltage dividing resistor set, and the eighth voltage dividing resistor set. If the thermal runaway detection circuit further includes a sleep wake-up module P4, the sleep wake-up module P4 includes a ninth voltage divider resistor set, and the fifth path threshold range is also related to the ninth voltage divider resistor set. If the sleep wake-up module P4 further includes a diode, the fifth path threshold range is also related to the diode.
  • the fifth disconnection threshold range and the fifth path threshold range in the above-mentioned embodiment may be compared with the fourth power supply terminal, the fourth power supply terminal and the fourth power supply terminal.
  • the resistance between the power module P5 is related to the diode.
  • the processing module P3 may include a sampling port, a sensor, a third comparison circuit, and a second judgment circuit.
  • the sampling port is connected to the fifth sampling point, and is used to obtain fifth sampling data from the fifth sampling point.
  • the sensor is used to collect battery pack data.
  • the sensor may specifically be a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a communication sensor, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the third comparison circuit is connected to the sampling port and is used for sending a third disconnection signal if the fifth sampled data is within the range of the fifth disconnection threshold.
  • the third disconnection signal ensures that the fifth induction line is disconnected.
  • the second judgment circuit is connected with the third comparison circuit and the sensor.
  • the second judgment circuit is used for determining that the battery pack has thermal runaway if the third disconnection signal is received within the preset time period and at least one parameter in the battery pack data meets the fault condition.
  • the battery pack data includes at least one parameter.
  • the second judgment circuit is further configured to determine that the battery pack has thermal runaway if the third disconnection signal is not received within the preset time period and at least one set of parameters in the battery pack data meets the fault condition.
  • a set of parameters includes at least two parameters.
  • a set of parameters and fault conditions in the battery pack data reference may be made to the relevant description in the foregoing embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the fifth sampling data is neither within the range of the fifth disconnection threshold nor within the range of the fifth channel threshold, it can be determined that the sampling port of the fifth sampling point is faulty.
  • a sampling failure prompt message can be issued, prompting the vehicle controller to take corresponding measures or prompting relevant personnel.
  • the second judgment circuit is also used to send a thermal runaway warning message if the third disconnection signal is not received and the battery pack data meets the fault condition.
  • the battery pack data includes the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack during the charging process, the actual state of charge of the battery pack during the charging process, and the charging current of the battery pack during the charging process.
  • Fault conditions include parameters outside the safety parameter threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range includes the voltage safety parameter threshold range, the state of charge safety parameter threshold range, and the current safety parameter threshold range.
  • the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack during the charging process exceeds the voltage safety parameter threshold range, and the actual state of charge of the battery pack during the charging process exceeds the state of charge safety parameter Threshold range, and the charging current of the battery pack during the charging process exceeds the current safety parameter threshold range, which can predict the imminent thermal runaway of the battery pack.
  • An early warning message for thermal runaway can be issued, so that corresponding measures can be taken in advance to avoid thermal runaway and further improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application.
  • the sensing wire in the detection module P2 includes a cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • the sensing module P1 also includes a terminal resistor.
  • the detection module P2 includes a set of piezoresistors.
  • the cable type temperature sensing wire is connected with the terminal circuit.
  • the two steel wires wrapped with heat-sensitive material inside the cable-type temperature sensing wire are of twisted pair structure.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is represented by two steel wires d and e separately.
  • the two steel wires d and e are located in the same cable-type temperature sensing wire. Under normal circumstances, the two steel wires in the cable-type temperature sensing wire do not intersect.
  • the high temperature threshold can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and is not limited here.
  • the high temperature threshold can be 85°C, 105°C, or 125°C.
  • At least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire is arranged directly above the cell explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack. Due to thermal runaway of the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell will rupture, and high-temperature electrolyte and high-temperature gas will be ejected from the explosion-proof valve port of the battery. At least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire is arranged directly above the explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack, which can make the cable-type temperature sensing wire more sensitive to the thermal runaway induction of the battery pack, thereby further improving the thermal runaway detection Accuracy and timeliness.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire can pass directly above the explosion-proof valve ports of all the single cells in the battery pack.
  • the specific setting of the cable-type temperature sensing wire can also be determined in conjunction with the internal structure of the battery pack.
  • the battery pack is a battery pack
  • the battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules
  • a plurality of protective plates may be provided in the battery pack.
  • the cable-type temperature-sensing wire may include multiple cable-type temperature-sensing wire segments, each cable-type temperature-sensing wire segment is set in a protective plate, and each cable-type temperature-sensing wire segment can be connected through other wire harnesses or plugs. Pieces and other connections.
  • the detection module P2 includes the tenth voltage divider set and the eleventh voltage divider set. One end of the tenth voltage divider set is connected to the first power supply terminal, and one end of the eleventh voltage divider set is connected to ground.
  • the tenth piezoresistor set, the terminal resistance and the eleventh piezoresistor set are connected in series through a cable type temperature sensing wire. Specifically, one steel wire of the cable-type temperature sensing wire connected with the terminal resistor is connected to the other end of the tenth voltage resistor assembly, and the other steel wire in the cable-type temperature sensing wire is connected to the other end of the eleventh voltage resistor assembly.
  • the tenth piezoresistor set includes resistor R18
  • the eleventh piezoresistor set includes resistor R19.
  • one end of the resistor R18 is connected to the first power supply terminal V1
  • the other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the terminal resistor Rx through the steel wire d in the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • One end of the resistor R19 is connected to the ground, and the other end of the resistor R19 is connected to the terminal resistor Rx through the steel wire e in the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • the sampling points include the sixth sampling point and the seventh sampling point.
  • the sixth sampling point is set between the other end of the tenth voltage divider set and the terminal resistor
  • the seventh sampling point is set between the other end of the eleventh voltage divider set and the terminal resistor.
  • the sixth sampling point is marked as AD6, and the seventh sampling point is marked as AD7.
  • the sixth sampling point AD6 is set between the resistor R18 and the terminal resistor Rx
  • the seventh sampling point AD7 is set between the resistor R19 and the terminal resistor Rx.
  • the processing module P3 includes a sampling port, a fourth comparison circuit, and a third judgment circuit.
  • the sampling port is connected to the sixth sampling point and the seventh sampling point, and is used to obtain the sixth sampling data and the seventh sampling data from the sixth sampling point and the seventh sampling point, respectively.
  • a sampling port can be correspondingly set for each sampling point, and sampling data of the corresponding sampling point can be collected through the sampling port.
  • the fourth comparison circuit is connected to the sampling port and is used for sending a short circuit signal if the sixth sampling data is equal to the seventh sampling data.
  • the sixth sampling data and the seventh sampling data are both voltages. If the voltage collected from the sixth sampling point is equal to the voltage collected from the seventh sampling point, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected. Among them, the short circuit signal indicates that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited.
  • the third judging circuit is connected to the fourth comparing circuit, and is used for determining that the battery pack has thermal runaway if a short-circuit signal is received.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire has more severe short-circuit conditions, the cable-type temperature sensing wire generally does not short-circuit in the case of non-thermal runaway. Therefore, if the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited, it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack data.
  • the battery pack data includes at least one parameter.
  • the processing module P3 may also include a sensor and a fifth comparison circuit.
  • the sensor is used to collect battery pack data.
  • the sensor may specifically be a voltage sensor, a temperature sensor, a communication sensor, etc., which is not limited herein.
  • the fifth comparison circuit is connected to the sampling port and the first power supply terminal, and is configured to send a fourth disconnection signal if the sixth sampling data is the same as the data provided by the first power supply terminal, and the seventh sampling data is the same as the data provided by the ground.
  • the sixth sampling data and the seventh sampling data are voltages.
  • the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal is 5V
  • the voltage provided by the ground is 0V. If the sixth sampling data is 5V and the seventh sampling data is 0V, it can be determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected. Among them, the fourth disconnection signal indicates that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected.
  • the third judgment circuit is configured to determine that if the fourth disconnection signal is received within the preset time period and at least one parameter in the battery pack data satisfies the fault condition, it is determined that the battery pack has a thermal runaway.
  • the parameters in the battery pack data and the related content of the fault conditions can refer to the related descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack data.
  • the above-mentioned third judgment circuit is also used for determining that the battery pack has a thermal runaway if the fourth disconnection signal and the short-circuit signal are not received and at least one set of parameters in the battery pack data meets the fault condition.
  • a set of parameters includes at least two parameters.
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack data.
  • the third judgment circuit is also used to send a thermal runaway warning message if the fourth open circuit signal and short circuit signal are not received, and the battery pack data meets the fault condition.
  • the battery pack data includes the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack during the charging process, the actual state of charge of the battery pack during the charging process, and the charging current of the battery pack during the charging process.
  • Fault conditions include parameters outside the safety parameter threshold range.
  • the BMU stops data monitoring of the battery pack, and cannot provide thermal runaway detection data. If the function of the processing module P3 is integrated in the BMU, the BMU is in the dormant state, and the detection and determination of thermal runaway cannot be performed.
  • the detection module P2 in the above embodiment further includes a sleep wake-up sub-module P21, and the sleep wake-up sub-module P21 includes a first resistor set, a first switch tube, a second resistor set, a second switch tube, and a third resistor set.
  • One end of the first resistance set is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the other end of the first resistance set is connected to the first end of the first switch tube and the control end of the second switch tube.
  • the control end of the first switch tube is connected to the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor set, and the second end of the first switch tube is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the second resistance set is connected to the third power supply terminal, and the other end of the second resistance set is connected to the first end of the second switch tube.
  • the second end of the second switch tube is connected to one end of the third resistor set and the power module P5 of the battery management unit.
  • the third resistance set, and the other end of the third resistance set is connected to ground.
  • the voltages provided by the first power supply terminal, the second power supply terminal and the third power supply terminal may be the same or different, which is not limited herein. Specifically, the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the second power supply terminal, and the third power supply terminal can be set according to specific working scenarios and work requirements.
  • the first switching tube and the second switching tube may be metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) tubes or other switching tubes, which are not limited herein.
  • MOS metal oxide semiconductor
  • the first resistance set includes resistance R20
  • the second resistance set includes resistance R21
  • the third resistance set includes resistance R22.
  • the first switch tube is an N-channel MOS tube Q1
  • the control terminal of the first switch tube Q1 is a gate
  • the first terminal is a drain
  • the second terminal is a source.
  • the second switching tube is a P-channel MOS tube Q2
  • the control terminal of the second switching tube Q2 is a gate
  • the first terminal is a source
  • the second terminal is a drain.
  • the BMU is in a sleep state.
  • the battery pack is thermally out of control, and the cable-type temperature sensor is melted and short-circuited.
  • the potential of the control terminal of the first switch tube is pulled high, and the first switch tube is turned on.
  • the potential of the control terminal of the second switching tube is pulled down to the conduction voltage drop of the first switching tube, and the second switching tube is turned on.
  • the wake-up signal can be sent to the power supply module P5 through the wake-up signal line between the second end of the second switch tube and the power supply module P5 of the BMU to wake up the BMU.
  • the potential on the connection line between the dormancy wakeup module P4 and the power supply module P5 is ground 0V, after the second switch tube is turned on, the dormancy wakeup module P4 and the power supply module P5 are turned on. The potential on the connection line between the two is pulled high, thus waking up the BMU.
  • a fourth power supply terminal continuously provides a wake-up signal to the power module P5 of the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered on when the BMU is in the working state, so as to ensure that the wake-up signal is continuously provided to the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered off when the BMU is in the dormant state, and the dormant wake-up submodule P21 wakes up the BMU.
  • a resistor R23 can be provided between the fourth power supply terminal V4 and the BMU.
  • the value of the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal V4 and the value of the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the second power supply terminal, and the third power supply terminal may be the same or different, which is not limited herein.
  • the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal is 12V.
  • the detection module P2 of the thermal runaway detection circuit may further include some protection devices and/or filter devices.
  • the protection device may include a protection capacitor and the like.
  • the protective capacitor can prevent electrostatic discharge (ESD) from the thermal runaway detection circuit.
  • the filter components may include filter capacitors, filter resistors, etc. Among them, the filter resistor and the filter capacitor can form an RC filter circuit to filter the sampled data at the sampling point to improve the accuracy of the sampled data, thereby improving the accuracy of thermal runaway detection.
  • One end of the protection capacitor is connected to one end of the voltage divider resistor assembly and the sampling point, and the other end of the protection capacitor is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the filter capacitor is connected to one end of the filter resistor and the sampling point, the other end of the filter capacitor is connected to the ground, and the other end of the filter resistor is connected to one end of the protection capacitor.
  • the protection capacitor includes a sixth protection capacitor C11 and a seventh protection capacitor C12.
  • the filter capacitor includes a sixth filter capacitor C13 and a seventh filter capacitor C14.
  • the filter resistors include a sixth filter resistor R24 and a seventh filter resistor R25.
  • One end of the sixth protection capacitor C11 is connected to one end of the resistor R18 connected to the sixth sampling point AD6.
  • One end of the seventh protection capacitor C12 is connected to one end of the resistor R19 connected to the seventh sampling point AD7.
  • the other end of the sixth protection capacitor C11 and the other end of the seventh protection capacitor C12 are connected to the ground.
  • One end of the sixth filter capacitor C13 is connected to one end of the resistor R24 and the sixth sampling point AD6.
  • One end of the seventh filter capacitor C14 is connected to one end of the resistor R25 and the seventh sampling point AD7.
  • the other end of the sixth filter capacitor C13 and the other end of the seventh filter capacitor C14 are connected to the ground.
  • the other end of the resistor R24 is connected to one end of the sixth protection capacitor C11.
  • the other end of the resistor R25 is connected to one end of the seventh protection capacitor C12.

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Abstract

一种热失控检测电路,涉及电池技术领域。电路包括:感应模块(P1)、检测模块(P2)和处理模块(P3),感应模块(P1)包括感应线(a,b,c,d,e),感应线(a,b,c,d,e)的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值;检测模块(P2)与感应线(a,b,c,d,e)连接,检测模块(P2)包括至少一组分压电阻集合,每组分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端(V1)连接,每组分压电阻集合的另一端与地连接,每组分压电阻集合包括串联的至少两个分压电阻集合;处理模块(P3)用于获取热失控检测数据,根据热失控检测数据确定电池组是否发生热失控,其中,热失控检测数据包括电池组数据和从采样点采集的采样数据,采样点设置于相连的两个分压电阻集合之间。该热失控检测电路能够提高电池组的安全性。

Description

热失控检测电路
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2019年04月30日提交的名称为“热失控检测电路”的中国专利申请201920621611.6的优先权,该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域,特别是涉及一种热失控检测电路。
背景技术
随着新能源的快速发展,新能源可以为越来越多的设备提供动力,比如电池组可作为动力源为新能源汽车、新能源船舶、新能源飞机等等提供动力。电池组在工作过程中会产生热量。在常态下,电池组产生的热量是可控的。但是,在非常态,如碰撞、过充电等状态下,电池组的产生的热量是不可控的,导致发生热失控。一旦发生热失控,可能会导致火灾,威胁到电池组、安装有电池组的设备的安全以及相关人员的人身安全。
为了提高电池组的安全性,现阶段通过电池管理系统(Battery Management System,BMS)监控电压或温度的变化来判定是否发生热失控。但是,在发生热失控的条件下,用于与BMS进行通信的电路板或监控单元可能被热失控产生的高温电解液溅射到并被烧毁。从而使BMS无法检测到热失控,降低了电池组的安全性。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种热失控检测电路,能够提高电池组的安全性。
本申请实施例提供了一种热失控检测电路,包括:感应模块,感应模 块包括感应线,感应线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值;检测模块,检测模块与感应线连接,检测模块包括至少一组分压电阻集合,每组分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接,每组分压电阻集合的另一端与地连接,每组分压电阻集合包括串联的至少两个分压电阻集合;处理模块,处理模块与检测模块连接,处理模块用于获取热失控检测数据,根据热失控检测数据,确定电池组是否发生热失控,其中,热失控检测数据包括电池组数据和从采样点采集的采样数据,采样点设置于相连的两个分压电阻集合之间。
本申请实施例提供一种热失控检测电路,感应模块包括感应线,且感应线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值,使得感应线的状态受到电池组中单体电芯的温度的影响。感应线受到单体电芯的温度的影响,感应线的通断状态会发生变化,从而使得从采样点采集的采样数据发生变化。处理模块根据热失控检测数据,可及时检测到电池组的热失控,提高了电池组的安全性。
附图说明
下面将通过参考附图来描述本申请示例性实施例的特征、优点和技术效果。
图1为本申请一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图;
图2为本申请另一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图;
图3为本申请又一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图;
图4为本申请再一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图;
图5为本申请又一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中,提出了许多具体细节,以便提供对本申请的全面理解。但是,对于本领域技术人员来说很明显的是,本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示 出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。本申请决不限于下面所提出的任何具体配置,而是在不脱离本申请的精神的前提下覆盖了元素、部件的任何修改、替换和改进。在附图和下面的描述中,没有示出公知的结构和技术,以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊。
本申请实施例提供了一种热失控检测电路,可用于对电池组进行热失控的监控的场景中。电池组包括至少一个单体电芯。电池组可为电池模组、电池包等等,在此并不限定。在本申请实施例中,热失控检测电路可及时检测到电池组发生热失控的情况,便于后续过程中及时采取对应的措施,提高电池组的安全性。
图1为本申请一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图。如图所示,该热失控检测电路包括感应模块P1、检测模块P2和处理模块P3。
感应模块P1包括感应线。感应线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值。感应线的数目和种类可根据具体的工作场景和工作需求设置,在此并不限定。
感温距离阈值为感应线能够敏感地感应到电池组中单体电芯的温度高于温度阈值的距离阈值。感应线与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值的情况下,感应线被引发通断状态发生变化对应的温度与电池组中单体电芯的实际温度之间的误差在可接受范围内。感温距离阈值可根据感应线的自身特性参数、单体电芯的自身特性参数,结合具体工作场景和工作需求设定,在此并不限定。
在一些示例中,单体电芯的温度高于高温温度阈值,至少一部分与该单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值的感应线的通断状态会发生变化,比如,感应线可能会发生断路。若电池组发生热失控,单体电芯的温度会高于高温温度阈值。
在一些示例中,为了能够更加及时地检测到电池组的热失控,感应线的至少一部分可设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。由于电池组发生热失控,电芯防爆阀会发生破裂,高温电解液、高温气体等会从电芯的防爆阀口喷出。感应线的至少一部分设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方,能够使感应线对电池组的热失控感应更加敏感, 从而进一步提高热失控检测的准确性和及时性。
进一步地,感应线可穿过电池组中所有单体电芯的防爆阀口的正上方。感应线的具体设置还可结合电池组的内部结构确定。比如,电池组为电池包,电池包包括多个电池模组。感应线可包括多个感应线段,每个感应线段对应一个电池模组或几个电池模组,每个感应线段之间可通过其他线束或插接件等连接。
检测模块P2与感应线连接。检测模块P2包括至少一组分压电阻集合。每组分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接,每组分压电阻集合的另一端与地连接。每组分压电阻集合包括串联的至少两个分压电阻集合。
第一供电端可提供电压,比如,提供5V的电压。若电池组及热失控检测电路安装在动力汽车中,第一供电端5V的电压可由动力汽车中的铅酸蓄电池提供。
一个分压电阻集合包括至少一个电阻。若一个分压电阻集合包括多个电阻,电阻的数量和连接方式在此并不限定。分压电阻集合用于分压,以供处理模块P3可从设置于相连的两个分压电阻集合之间的采样点采集采样数据。
在一些示例中,检测模块P2具体可设置在电池管理单元(Battery Management Unit,BMU)中。BMU具有外壳结构,检测模块P2能够避免被发生热失控的电池组产生的高温电解液溅射到。或者,对检测模块P2的具体设置位置并不做限定,为检测模块P2配置保护罩,避免被发生热失控的电池组产生的高温电解液溅射到检测模块P2。从而进一步保证对热失控检测的及时性和热失控检测电路的安全性。
处理模块P3与检测模块P2连接。处理模块P3用于获取热失控检测数据,根据热失控检测数据,确定电池组是否发生热失控。
其中,热失控检测数据包括从采样点采集的采样数据,采样点设置于相连的两个分压电阻集合之间。
电池组数据是与电池组相关的数据,可表征电池组的各类状态,比如温度、电压、故障、与外通讯有效性等。
处理模块P3从采样点采集采样数据。处理模块P3具体可包括采样端 口,采样端口与采样点连接。采样点的位置和数目可根据具体工作场景和工作需求设定,在此并不限定。采样数据可包括电参数信号,比如电压、电流等,在此并不限定。
根据从采样点采集的采样数据,可确定感应线的通断状态,即确定感应线短路、断路或正常通路。处理模块P3基于感应线的通断状态,确定电池组是否发生热失控,以保证热失控检测的可靠性。
在一些示例中,处理模块P3可设置在BMU中,或将处理模块P3的功能集成在BMU中,比如,处理模块P3具体可为BMU中的微控制单元(Micro Control Unit,MCU,MCU)在此并不限定。
在本申请实施例中,热失控检测电路包括感应模块P1、检测模块P2和处理模块P3。感应模块P1包括感应线,且感应线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值,使得感应线的状态受到电池组中单体电芯的温度的影响。感应线受到单体电芯的温度的影响,感应线的通断状态会发生变化,从而使得从采样点采集的采样数据发生变化。处理模块P3根据热失控检测数据,可及时检测到电池组的热失控,提高了电池组的安全性。
在一些示例中,上述实施例中的处理模块P3还可包括告警电路,该告警电路可用于若确定电池组发生热失控,向整车控制器发送告警信号,以触发整车控制器采取相应措施或提醒相关人员。
在本申请实施例中,若热失控检测电路安装至动力汽车中,在动力汽车的整车处于停车休眠状态下,依然可以进行热失控检测和告警。
下面将以热失控检测电路的几种具体结构来进行说明。
图2为本申请另一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图(未示出处理模块P3)。如图2所示,检测模块P2中的感应线包括第一感应线和第二感应线。检测模块P2包括两组分压电阻集合。
其中,第一感应线和第二感应线具体可设置在电池组上方的电路板上。比如,电路板具体可为柔性印刷电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit,FPC),第一感应线和第二感应线可为包覆在FPC基材里的铜丝,与FPC上原本设置有的采集温度、电压等的采样线区别开来。第一感应线、第二 感应线与采样线相比更细,即第一感应线的直径、第二感应线的直径小于采样线的直径。
第一感应线的至少一部分和第二感应线的至少一部分位于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。若电池组发生热失控,电芯防爆阀会发生破裂,高温电解液、高温气体等会从电芯的防爆阀口喷出。第一感应线的至少一部分和第二感应线的至少一部分设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方,能够使第一感应线和第二感应线对电池组的热失控感应更加敏感,从而进一步提高热失控检测的准确性和及时性。
进一步地,第一感应线和第二感应线可穿过电池组中所有单体电芯的防爆阀口的正上方。第一感应线和第二感应线的具体设置还可结合电池组的内部结构确定。比如,电池组为电池包,电池包包括多个电池模组,电池包内可设置有多个电路板。第一感应线可包括多个感应线段,每个感应线段设置于一个电路板上,每个感应线段之间可通过其他线束或插接件等连接。第二感应线的设置可参见第一感应线,在此不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中,采样点包括第一采样点、第二采样点、第三采样点和第四采样点。
第一组分压电阻集合包括串联的第一分压电阻集合、第二分压电阻集合和第三分压电阻集合。第一分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接。第三分压电阻集合的一端与地连接。
比如,如图2所示,第一分压电阻集合包括电阻R1,第二分压电阻集合包括电阻R2,第三分压电阻集合包括电阻R3。其中,电阻R1的一端与第一供电端V1连接,电阻R1的另一端与电阻R2的一端连接。电阻R2的另一端与电阻R3的另一端连接。电阻R3的一端与地连接。
第一采样点设置于第一分压电阻集合与第二分压电阻集合之间。第二采样点设置于第二分压电阻集合与第三分压电阻集合之间。第一感应线的一端与第一采样点连接,第一感应线的另一端与第二采样点连接。
比如,如图2所示,第一采样点标记为AD1,第二采样点标记为AD2。第一采样点AD1设置于电阻R1和电阻R2之间,第二采样点AD2设置于电阻R2和电阻R3之间。第一感应线以a标记,第一感应线a相当 于与电阻R2并联。
第二组分压电阻集合包括串联的第四分压电阻集合、第五分压电阻集合和第六分压电阻集合。第四分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接。第六分压电阻集合的一端与地连接。
比如,如图2所示,第四分压电阻集合包括电阻R4,第五分压电阻集合包括电阻R5,第六分压电阻集合包括电阻R6。其中,电阻R4的一端与第一供电端V1连接,电阻R4的另一端与电阻R5的一端连接。电阻R5的另一端与电阻R6的另一端连接。电阻R6的一端与地连接。
第三采样点设置于第四分压电阻集合与第五分压电阻集合之间。第四采样点设置于第五分压电阻集合与第六分压电阻集合之间。第二感应线的一端与第三采样点连接,第二感应线的另一端与第四采样点连接。
比如,如图2所示,第三采样点标记为AD3,第四采样点标记为AD4。第三采样点AD3设置于电阻R4和电阻R5之间,第四采样点AD4设置于电阻R5和电阻R6之间。第二感应线以b标记,第二感应线b相当于与电阻R5并联。
若第一感应线a未发生断路,第一供电端V1通过第一组分压电阻集合至地的回路为:第一供电端V1→电阻R1→第一感应线a→电阻R3→地。
若第一感应线a发生断路,第一供电端V1通过第一组分压电阻集合至地的回路为:第一供电端V1→电阻R1→电阻R2→电阻R3→地。
同理,若第二感应线b未发生断路,第一供电端V1通过第二组分压电阻集合至地的回路为:第一供电端V1→电阻R4→第二感应线b→电阻R6→地。
若第二感应线b发生断路,第一供电端V1通过第二组分压电阻集合至地的回路为:第一供电端V1→电阻R4→电阻R5→电阻R6→地。
因此,第一感应线a发生断路与未发生断路两种情况下,从第一采样点AD1采集的第一采样数据和从第二采样点AD2采集的第二采样数据有所不同,可根据第一采样数据和第二采样数据,确定第一感应线a的通断状态。通断状态包括断路和未发生断路(即正常通路)。
同理,第二感应线b发生断路与未发生断路两种情况下,从第三采样点AD3采集的第三采样数据和从第四采样点AD4采集的第四采样数据有所不同,可根据第三采样数据和第四采样数据,确定第二感应线b的通断状态。通断状态包括断路和未发生断路(即正常通路)。
在一些示例中,热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据。
在一些示例中,可预先设定用于判定第一感应线发生断路的第一断路阈值范围和第二断路阈值范围,以及用于判定第二感应线发生断路的第三断路阈值范围和第四断路阈值范围。
在一些示例中,也可预先设定用于判定第一感应线正常通路的第一通路阈值范围和第二通路阈值范围,以及用于判定第二感应线正常通路的第三通路阈值范围和第四通路阈值范围。
第一断路阈值范围和第二断路阈值范围与第一供电端提供的电压、第一分压电阻集合、第二分压电阻集合、第三分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围相关。也就是说,根据第一供电端提供的电压、第一分压电阻集合、第二分压电阻集合、第三分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围可以计算得到第一断路阈值范围和第二断路阈值范围。
第三断路阈值范围和第四断路阈值范围与第一供电端提供的电压、第四分压电阻集合、第五分压电阻集合、第六分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围相关。也就是说,根据第一供电端提供的电压、第四分压电阻集合、第五分压电阻集合、第六分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围可以计算得到第三断路阈值范围和第四断路阈值范围。
第一通路阈值范围和第二通路阈值范围与第一供电端提供的电压、第一分压电阻集合、第三分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围相关。也就是说,根据第一供电端提供的电压、第一分压电阻集合、第三分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围可以计算得到第一通路阈值范围和第二通路阈值范围。
第三通路阈值范围和第四通路阈值范围与第一供电端提供的电压、第四分压电阻集合、第六分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围相关。也就是说,根据第一供电端提供的电压、第四分压电阻集合、第六分压电阻集合、可接受误差范围可以计算得到第三通路阈值范围和第四通路阈值范围。
需要说明的是,第一通路阈值范围与第二通路阈值范围可以相同,或者,第一通路阈值范围与第二通路阈值范围之间的偏差在可接受范围内。第三通路阈值范围与第四通路阈值范围可以相同,或者,第三通路阈值范围与第四通路阈值范围之间的偏差在可接受范围内。
上述处理模块P3可包括采样端口、传感器、第一比较电路、第二比较电路和第一判断电路。
采样端口与第一采样点、第二采样点、第三采样点和第四采样点连接,用于从第一采样点、第二采样点、第三采样点和第四采样点分别获取第一采样数据、第二采样数据、第三采样数据和第四采样数据。具体的,针对每一个采样点均可对应设置一个采样端口,通过该采样端口,采集得到对应采样点的采样数据。
传感器用于采集电池组数据。传感器具体可为电压传感器、温度传感器、通讯传感器等等,在此并不限定。
第一比较电路与采样端口连接,用于若第一采样数据位于第一断路阈值范围内,且第二采样数据位于第二断路阈值范围内,发送第一断路信号。第一断路信号表征第一感应线发生断路。
第二比较电路与采样端口连接,用于若第三采样数据位于第三断路阈值范围内,且第四采样数据位于第四断路阈值范围内,发送第二断路信号。第二断路信号表征第二感应线发生断路。
第一判断电路与第一比较电路、第二比较电路和传感器连接。第一判断电路用于若在预设时长内,接收到第一断路信号和第二断路信号,且电池组数据中的至少一个参数满足故障条件,确定电池组发生热失控。
上述第一比较电路、第一比较电路和第一判断电路可包括电阻、电容、比较器、放大器等器件,在此并不限定。
其中,电池组数据包括至少一个参数。参数可用于表征电池组的各类状态,比如温度、电压、故障、与外通讯有效性等。
在一些示例中,电池组数据具体可以为各类与电池组相关的参数。比如,电池组中单体电芯的最高温度、电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度、电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差、电池组中单体电芯的最小 电压、电池组的电压采样断路故障数目、测温传感失效参数、电芯监控通讯失效参数中的一个或几个参数,在此并不限定。
故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。预设时长可根据具体工作场景和工作需求设定,在此并不限定。设定预设时长可以有效地避免至少一部分热失控的误判,提高热失控检测的可靠性。
与电池组数据中的各个参数对应,具有不同的安全参数阈值范围。比如,与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为最高温度安全阈值范围。与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为温度变化速度安全阈值范围。与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为温差安全阈值范围。与电池组中单体电芯的最小电压对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为最小电压安全阈值范围。与电池组的电压采样断路故障数目对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为故障数据安全阈值范围。
测温传感失效参数可表征用于测温的传感器或传感部件是否失效。比如,电池组内设置有负温度系数(Negative Temperature Coefficient,NTC)热敏电阻,测温传感失效参数可表征设置在电池组内的NTC热敏电阻是否完全失效。
电芯监控通讯失效参数可表征对单体电芯进行监控的部件与BMU之间的通讯是否失效(即是否丢失)。比如,电池组的单体电芯配置有电芯监控单元(Cell Supervision Circuit,CSC),电芯监控通讯失效参数可表征CSC与BMU之间的通讯是否失效。
比如,以下举几个在确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路的情况下,确定电池组发生热失控的示例。但需要注意的是,确定电池组发生热失控的情况包括但不限于以下示例。
示例一:在10分钟内,确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路,且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68.4℃,可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例二:在10分钟内,确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路,且电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒,可确定电池组发 生热失控。
示例三:在10分钟内,确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路,且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃,可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例四:在10分钟内,确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路,且电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V,可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例五:在10分钟内,确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路,且电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1,可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例六:在10分钟内,确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路,且测温传感失效参数可表征设置在电池组内的NTC热敏电阻完全失效,可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例七:在10分钟内,确定第一感应线和第二感应线发生断路,且电芯监控通讯失效参数可表征CSC与BMU之间的通讯失效,可确定电池组发生热失控。
在另一些示例中,上述第一判断电路还用于若在预设时长内,未接收到第一断路信号和/或第二断路信号,且电池组数据中的至少一组参数满足故障条件,确定电池组发生热失控。
其中,未接收到第一断路信号和/或断路信号,表示第一感应线和第二感应线中至少一条感应线未发生断路,具体可以为第一感应线和第二感应线中只有一条感应线发生断路,或者,具体可以为第一感应线和第二感应线均没有发生断路。
一组参数包括至少两个参数。一组参数包括但不限于以下几组参数中的任意一组:
第一组:电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度。
第二组:电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度。
第三组:电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的最高温 度和最低温度之差。
第四组:电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度。
第五组:电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差。
第六组:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度。
第七组:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度。
第八组:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差
第九组:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与测温传感失效参数。
上述每一组参数中具体参数以及的相关内容可参见上述实施例中的相关说明说明,在此不再赘述。故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
比如,作为示例,下面列出多组参数及其对应的故障条件,若至少一组参数满足自身对应的故障条件,可确定电池组发生热失控。至少两个参数满足自身对应的故障条件可进一步提高热失控检测的可靠性。需要说明的是,本申请实施例中的参数和故障条件包括但并不限于下面的参数和故障条件。
第一组参数及其故障条件:电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V,且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68℃。
第二组参数及其故障条件:电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V,且电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒。
第三组参数及其故障条件:电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V,且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃。
第四组参数及其故障条件:电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒,且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68℃。
第五组参数及其故障条件:电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2 秒大于3℃/秒,且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃。
第六组参数及其故障条件:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1,且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68℃。
第七组参数及其故障条件:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1,且电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒。
第八组参数及其故障条件:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1,电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃。
第九组参数及其故障条件:电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1,且测温传感失效参数表征设置在电池组内的NTC热敏电阻完全失效。
若上述九组参数中至少一组参数满足这一组参数对应的故障条件,可确定电池组发生热失控。
在又一个示例中,若确定第一感应线和第二感应线中只有一条感应线发生断路,也可确定电池组未发生故障,并不做任何故障处理。
需要说明的是,若第一采样数据既不位于第一断路阈值范围内,也不位于第一通路阈值范围内,可确定第一采样点对应的采样端口出现故障。若第二采样数据既不位于第二断路阈值范围内,也不位于第二通路阈值范围内,可确定第二采样点对应的采样端口出现故障。若第三采样数据既不位于第三断路阈值范围内,也不位于第三通路阈值范围内,可确定第三采样点对应的采样端口出现故障。若第四采样数据既不位于第四断路阈值范围内,也不位于第四通路阈值范围内,可确定第四采样点对应的采样端口出现故障。
若确定采样点对应的采样端口出现故障,可发出采样故障提示消息,以提示整车控制器采取相应措施或提示相关人员。
在一些示例中,上述第一判断电路还用于:若未接收到第一断路信号和/或第二断路信号,且电池组数据满足故障条件,发出热失控预警消息。
其中,电池组数据包括充电过程中电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中电池组的充电电流。故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
与电池组数据中的具体参数对应,安全参数阈值范围包括电压安全参数阈值范围、荷电状态安全参数阈值范围、电流安全参数阈值范围。
也就是说,若确定第一感应线和第二感应线中至少一条感应线未发生断路,充电过程中电池组中单体电芯的最大电压超出电压安全参数阈值范围,充电过程中电池组的实际荷电状态超出荷电状态安全参数阈值范围,且充电过程中电池组的充电电流超出电流安全参数阈值范围,可预测电池组即将发生热失控。可发出热失控预警消息,从而预先采取相应的措施,避免发生热失控,进一步提高电池组的安全性。
比如,在充电过程中,若电池组中单体电芯的最大电压大于三级过压阈值的1.1倍,电池组的实际荷电状态大于115%,且充电电流大于等于0.33倍的1小时率额定充电电流,可预测即将发生热失控,发送热失控预警消息。
在一些实施例中,BMU的状态包括工作状态和休眠状态。BMU处于工作状态,BMU的电源模块P5控制BMU的供电模块上电,使BMU处于工作状态,能够正常进行对电池组的数据监测,比如电压监测、电流监测、温度监测、绝缘监测、荷电状态监测等,可获取电压、电流、温度、荷电状态等作为热失控检测数据。BMU处于休眠状态,BMU的电源模块P5控制BMU的供电模块下电,BMU停止对电池组的数据监测。电源模块P5具体可实现为电源芯片,比如系统基础芯片(System Basis Chip,SBC)等,在此并不限定。
若在BMU处于休眠状态的过程中,电池组发生了热失控,BMU停止对电池组的数据监测,也不能够提供热失控检测数据。若处理模块P3集成在BMU中,BMU处于休眠状态中,也无法进行热失控的检测确定。
为了在BMU处于休眠状态的过程中,也能进行热失控的检测以及在热失控检测的过程中获取热失控检测数据。图3为本申请又一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图(未示出处理模块P3)。图2和图3中所示的休眠唤醒模块P4可在BMU处于休眠状态,但有可能发生热失控,需要进行热失控检测时,唤醒BMU。图3与图2的不同之处在于,图3所示的热失控检测电路中的检测模块P2还可包括一些保护器件和/或滤波器 件,保护器件具体可以包括保护电容,滤波器件具体可包括滤波电容和滤波电阻。
休眠唤醒模块P4设置于第一供电端和所有组分压电阻集合之间,休眠唤醒模块P4用于在电池管理单元处于休眠状态时,向电池管理单元的电源模块P5发送控制信号。
其中,控制信号用于指示电源模块P5控制电池管理单元继续处于休眠状态或切换为工作状态。比如,若控制信号的电压高于等于电源模块P5的启动电压阈值,即控制信号控制BMU切换为工作状态,BMU被唤醒。若控制信号的电压低于电源模块P5的启动电压阈值,即控制信号控制BMU继续处于休眠状态,BMU并不被唤醒。
在一些示例中,休眠唤醒模块P4包括第九分压电阻集合。或者,休眠唤醒模块P4包括第九分压电阻集合和二极管。二极管设置于第九分压电阻集合与电源模块P5之间。具体的,二极管的阳极与第九分压电阻集合连接,二极管的阴极与电源模块P5连接。
比如,如图3所示,休眠唤醒模块P4包括第九分压电阻集合和二极管。第九分压电阻集合包括电阻R9。电阻R9的一端与第一供电端V1连接,电阻R9的另一端与二极管D1的阳极连接。二极管D1的阴极与电池模块、电阻R1的一端、电阻R4的一端连接。
需要说明的是,若BMU处于工作状态,则有第四供电端持续向BMU的电源模块P5提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于工作状态时上电,从而保证向BMU持续提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于休眠状态时下电,由休眠唤醒模块P4唤醒BMU。如图3所示,可在第四供电端V4与BMU之间设置电阻R10。还可在电阻R10与电源模块P5之间设置二极管D2。二极管D2的阳极与电阻R10连接,二极管D2的阴极与电源模块P5连接。二极管D1和D2均能防止电流反流。其中,二极管D1和二极管D2之间还具有竞争供电的作用。比如,若第四供电端V4提供的电压高于第一供电端V1提供的电压,在BMU处于工作状态的情况下,第四供电端V4可保证BMU持续处于工作状态。
第四供电端V4提供的电压的值与第一供电端V1提供的电压的值可以 相同,也可以不同,在此并不限定。比如,第四供电端V4提供的电压为12V。
保护电容的一端与分压电阻集合与采样点连接的一端连接,保护电容的另一端与地连接。保护电容可防止热失控检测电路出现静电释放(Electro Static Discharge,ESD)的情况。
若采样点包括第一采样点、第二采样点、第三采样点和第四采样点。对应的,保护电容可包括第一保护电容、第二保护电容、第三保护电容和第四保护电容。如图3所示,第一保护电容C1的一端与电阻R1与第一采样点AD1连接的一端连接,第二保护电容C2的一端与电阻R2与第二采样点AD2连接的一端连接,第三保护电容C3的一端与电阻R4与第三采样点AD3连接的一端连接,第四保护电容C4的一端与电阻R5与第四采样点AD4连接的一端连接。第一保护电容C1、第二保护电容C2、第三保护电容C3和第四保护电容C4的另一端与地连接。
检测模块P2还包括滤波电容和滤波电阻。滤波电容的一端与滤波电阻的一端、采样点连接,滤波电容的另一端与地连接。滤波电阻的另一端与保护电容的一端连接。
若采样点包括第一采样点、第二采样点、第三采样点和第四采样点。对应的,滤波电容可包括第一滤波电容C5、第二滤波电容C6、第三滤波电容C7和第四滤波电容C8。滤波电阻可包括电阻R11、电阻R12、电阻R13和电阻R14。如图3所示,第一滤波电容C5的一端与电阻R11的一端连接,第一滤波电容C5的另一端与地连接。第二滤波电容C6的一端与电阻R12的一端连接,第二滤波电容C6的另一端与地连接。第三滤波电容C7的一端与电阻R13的一端连接,第三滤波电容C7的另一端与地连接。第四滤波电容C8的一端与电阻R13的一端连接,第四滤波电容C8的另一端与地连接。电阻R11的另一端与第一采样点AD1连接。电阻R12的另一端与第二采样点AD2连接。电阻R13的另一端与第三采样点AD3连接。电阻R14的另一端与第四采样点AD4连接。
滤波电容和滤波电阻形成RC滤波电路,可对采样点的采样数据进行滤波以提高从采样点采集的采样数据的精确度,从而提高热失控检测的精 确度。
图4为本申请再一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图(未示出处理模块P3)。如图4所示,感应模块P1中的感应线包括第三感应线。检测模块P2包括一组分压电阻集合。
第三感应线设置于位于电池组上方的防护板中。在一些示例中,第三感应线可以为锡线或其他导电且熔点低于熔点阈值的其他材料制得的连接线。熔点阈值可根据具体工作场景和工作需求设定,在此并不限定。防护板可为云母板,第三感应线,如锡线可埋入云母板中。
第三感应线的至少一部分位于电池组中单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。若电池组发生热失控,电芯防爆阀会发生破裂,高温电解液、高温气体等会从电芯的防爆阀口喷出。第三感应线的至少一部分设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方,能够使第三感应线对电池组的热失控感应更加敏感,从而进一步提高热失控检测的准确性和及时性。
进一步地,第三感应线可穿过电池组中所有单体电芯的防爆阀口的正上方。第三感应线的具体设置还可结合电池组的内部结构确定。比如,电池组为电池包,电池包包括多个电池模组,电池包内可设置有多个防护板。比如,第三感应线可包括多个感应线段,每个感应线段设置于一个防护板中,每个感应线段之间可通过其他线束或插接件等连接。
在本申请实施例中,采样点包括第五采样点。
上述一组分压电阻集合包括第七分压电阻集合和第八分压电阻集合。第七分压电阻集合和第八分压电阻通过第三感应线串联。第七分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接,第七分压电阻集合的另一端通过第三感应线与第八分压电阻集合的另一端连接,第八分压电阻集合的一端与地连接。第五采样点设置于第七分压电阻集合与第八分压电阻集合之间。
在一些实施例中,热失控检测电路还可包括休眠唤醒模块P4,休眠唤醒模块P4的连接位置和作用与上述实施例中的休眠唤醒模块P4基本相同,可参见上述实施例中的相关说明部分,在此不再赘述。
比如,如图4所示,第七分压电阻集合包括电阻R7,第八分压电阻集合包括电阻R8。休眠唤醒模块P4中的第九分压电阻集合包括电阻R15。 休眠唤醒模块P4还可包括二极管D3。电阻R15的一端与第一电压端V1连接,电阻R15的另一端与二极管D3的阳极连接。二极管D3的阴极与电阻R7的一端连接。电阻R7的另一端通过第三感应线c与电阻R8的另一端连接。电阻R8的一端与地连接。
值得一提的是,若热失控检测电路包括休眠唤醒模块P4,休眠唤醒模块P4包括第九分压电阻集合。上述实施例中的第一断路阈值范围、第二断路阈值范围、第三断路阈值范围、第四断路阈值范围、第一通路阈值范围、第二通路阈值范围、第三通路阈值范围与第四通路阈值范围还与第九分压电阻集合相关。若休眠唤醒模块P4还包括二极管,上述实施例中的第一断路阈值范围、第二断路阈值范围、第三断路阈值范围、第四断路阈值范围、第一通路阈值范围、第二通路阈值范围、第三通路阈值范围与第四通路阈值范围还与该二极管相关。
在一些示例中,若第四供电端提供的电压高于第一供电端,上述实施例中的第一断路阈值范围、第二断路阈值范围、第三断路阈值范围、第四断路阈值范围、第一通路阈值范围、第二通路阈值范围、第三通路阈值范围与第四通路阈值范围还有可能与第四供电端与电源模块P5之间的电阻和二极管相关。
需要说明的是,若BMU处于工作状态,则有第四供电端持续向BMU的电源模块P5提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于工作状态时上电,从而保证向BMU持续提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于休眠状态时下电,由休眠唤醒模块P4唤醒BMU。如图4所示,可在第四供电端V4与BMU之间设置电阻R16。还可在电阻R16与电源模块P5之间设置二极管D4。二极管D4的阳极与电阻R16连接,二极管D4的阴极与电源模块P5连接。二极管D3和D4均能防止电流反流。其中,二极管D3和二极管D4之间还具有竞争供电的作用。比如,若第四供电端V4提供的电压高于第一供电端V1提供的电压,在BMU处于工作状态的情况下,第四供电端V4保证BMU持续处于工作状态。
在一些示例中,检测模块P2还可包括一些保护器件/或滤波器件。比如,保护电容、滤波电容、滤波电阻等。保护电容、滤波电容、滤波电阻 的相关内容可参见上述实施例中的相关说明,在此不再赘述。
比如,如图4所示,检测模块P2中的保护电容包括第五保护电容C9。滤波电容包括第五滤波电容C10。滤波电阻包括电阻R17。第五保护电容C9的一端与电阻R7与第五采样点AD5连接的一端连接,第五保护电容C9的另一端与地连接。第五滤波电容C10的一端与电阻R17的一端、第五采样点AD5连接,第五滤波电容C10的另一端与地连接。电阻R17的另一端与第五保护电容C9连接。
在一些示例中,可预先设定用于判定第三感应线发生断路的第五断路阈值范围。第五断路阈值范围与第一供电端提供的电压相关。若热失控检测电路还包括休眠唤醒模块P4,休眠唤醒模块P4还包括二极管,第五断路阈值范围还与该二极管相关。
在一些示例中,也可预先设定用于判定第三感应线正常通路的第五通路阈值范围。第五通路阈值范围与第一供电端提供的电压、第七分压电阻集合和第八分压电阻集合相关。若热失控检测电路还包括休眠唤醒模块P4,休眠唤醒模块P4包括第九分压电阻集合,第五通路阈值范围还与第九分压电阻集合相关。若休眠唤醒模块P4还包括二极管,第五通路阈值范围还与该二极管相关。
在一些示例中,若第四供电端提供的电压高于第一供电端,上述实施例中的第五断路阈值范围、第五通路阈值范围还有可能与第四供电端、第四供电端与电源模块P5之间的电阻和二极管相关。
处理模块P3可包括采样端口、传感器、第三比较电路和第二判断电路。
采样端口与第五采样点连接,用于从第五采样点获取第五采样数据。
传感器用于采集电池组数据。传感器具体可为电压传感器、温度传感器、通讯传感器等等,在此并不限定。
第三比较电路与采样端口连接,用于若第五采样数据位于第五断路阈值范围内,发送第三断路信号。第三断路信号保证第五感应线发生断路。
第二判断电路与第三比较电路和传感器连接。第二判断电路用于若在预设时长内,接收到第三断路信号,且电池组数据中的至少一个参数满足 故障条件,确定电池组发生热失控。
其中,电池组数据包括至少一个参数。
电池组数据中的参数以及故障条件可参见上述实施例中的相关说明,在此不再赘述。
在一些示例中,第二判断电路还用于若在预设时长内,未接收到第三断路信号,且电池组数据中的至少一组参数满足故障条件,确定电池组发生热失控。
其中,一组参数包括至少两个参数。电池组数据中的至少一组参数及故障条件可参见上述实施例中的相关说明,在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是,若第五采样数据既不位于第五断路阈值范围内,也不位于第五通路阈值范围内,可确定第五采样点的采样端口出现故障。
若确定采样点的采样端口出现故障,可发出采样故障提示消息,已提示整车控制器采取相应措施或提示相关人员。
在一些示例中,第二判断电路还用于若未接收到第三断路信号,且电池组数据满足故障条件,发出热失控预警消息。
其中,电池组数据包括充电过程中电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中电池组的充电电流。故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
与电池组数据中的具体参数对应,安全参数阈值范围包括电压安全参数阈值范围、荷电状态安全参数阈值范围、电流安全参数阈值范围。
也就是说,若确定第三感应线未发生断路,充电过程中电池组中单体电芯的最大电压超出电压安全参数阈值范围,充电过程中电池组的实际荷电状态超出荷电状态安全参数阈值范围,且充电过程中电池组的充电电流超出电流安全参数阈值范围,可预测电池组即将发生热失控。可发出热失控预警消息,从而预先采取相应的措施,避免发生热失控,进一步提高电池组的安全性。
图5为本申请又一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图。如图5所示,检测模块P2中的感应线包括缆式感温线。感应模块P1还包括终端电阻。检测模块P2包括一组分压电阻集合。
缆式感温线与终端电路连接。缆式感温线内部包裹热敏材料的两条钢丝为双绞线结构。比如,如图1所示,为了便于理解,将缆式感温线以两条钢丝d和e分开表示,在实际场景中,两条钢丝d和e位于同一条缆式感温线中。正常情况下,缆式感温线内的两条钢丝并不相交。当缆式感温线有部位的温度骤升且超过高温阈值的时候,热敏材料相互熔融,使得缆式感温线内的两条钢丝在扭力的作用下被绞断并连接在一起,从而造成缆式感温线的短路。高温阈值可根据具体的工作场景和工作需求设定,在此并不限定。比如,高温阈值可以为85℃、105℃或125℃等。
在一些示例中,为了能够更加及时地检测到电池组的热失控,缆式感温线的至少一部分设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。由于电池组发生热失控,电芯防爆阀会发生破裂,高温电解液、高温气体等会从电芯的防爆阀口喷出。缆式感温线的至少一部分设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方,能够使缆式感温线对电池组的热失控感应更加敏感,从而进一步提高热失控检测的准确性和及时性。
进一步地,缆式感温线可穿过电池组中所有单体电芯的防爆阀口的正上方。缆式感温线的具体设置还可结合电池组的内部结构确定。比如,电池组为电池包,电池包包括多个电池模组,电池包内可设置有多个防护板。比如,缆式感温线可包括多个缆式感温线线段,每个缆式感温线线段设置于一个防护板中,每个缆式感温线线段之间可通过其他线束或插接件等连接。
检测模块P2包括第十分压电阻集合和第十一分压电阻集合。第十分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接,第十一分压电阻集合的一端与地连接。第十分压电阻集合、终端电阻和第十一分压电阻集合通过缆式感温线串联。具体的,终端电阻连接的缆式感温线中一条钢丝与第十分压电阻集合的另一端连接,缆式感温线中的另一条钢丝与第十一分压电阻集合的另一端连接。
比如,如图5所示,第十分压电阻集合包括电阻R18,第十一分压电阻集合包括电阻R19。其中,电阻R18的一端与第一供电端V1连接,电阻R18的另一端与终端电阻Rx之间通过缆式感温线中的钢丝d连接。电 阻R19的一端与地连接,电阻R19的另一端与终端电阻Rx之间通过缆式感温线中的钢丝e连接。
采样点包括第六采样点和第七采样点。第六采样点设置于第十分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间,第七采样点设置于第十一分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间。
其中,如图5所示,第六采样点标记为AD6,第七采样点标记为AD7。第六采样点AD6设置于电阻R18和终端电阻Rx之间,第七采样点AD7设置于电阻R19和终端电阻Rx之间。
在一些示例中,处理模块P3包括采样端口、第四比较电路、第三判断电路。
采样端口与第六采样点和第七采样点连接,用于从第六采样点和第七采样点分别获取第六采样数据和第七采样数据。具体的,针对每一个采样点均可对应设置一个采样端口,通过该采样端口,采集得到对应采样点的采样数据。
第四比较电路与采样端口连接,用于若第六采样数据与第七采样数据相等,发送短路信号。
比如,第六采样数据和第七采样数据均为电压,若从第六采样点采集的电压等于从第七采样点采集的电压,确定缆式感温线发生断路。其中,短路信号表征缆式感温线发生短路。
第三判断电路与第四比较电路连接,用于若接收到短路信号,确定电池组发生热失控。
由于缆式感温线发生短路的条件比较严苛,在非热失控情况下缆式感温线一般不会发生短路。因此若缆式感温线发生短路,可确定电池组发生热失控。
在另一些示例中,热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据。电池组数据包括至少一个参数。
处理模块P3还可包括传感器、第五比较电路。
传感器用于采集电池组数据。传感器具体可为电压传感器、温度传感器、通讯传感器等等,在此并不限定。
第五比较电路与采样端口和第一供电端连接,用于若第六采样数据与第一供电端提供的数据相同,且第七采样数据与地提供的数据相同,发送第四断路信号。
比如,第六采样数据和第七采样数据为电压。第一供电端提供的电压为5V,地提供的电压为0V。若第六采样数据为5V,第七采样数据为0V,可确定缆式感温线发生断路。其中,第四断路信号表征缆式感温线发生断路。
第三判断电路,用于若在预设时长内,接收到第四断路信号,且电池组数据中的至少一个参数满足故障条件,确定电池组发生热失控。
其中,电池组数据中的参数以及故障条件的相关内容可参见上述实施例中的相关说明,在此不再赘述。
在又一些示例中,热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据。
上述第三判断电路还用于若未接收到第四断路信号和短路信号,且电池组数据中的至少一组参数满足故障条件,确定电池组发生热失控。
其中,一组参数包括至少两个参数。
电池组数据中的参数以及故障条件的相关内容可参见上述实施例中的相关说明,在此不再赘述。
在再一些示例中,热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据。
第三判断电路还用于若未接收到第四断路信号和短路信号,且电池组数据满足故障条件,发出热失控预警消息。
其中,电池组数据包括充电过程中电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中电池组的充电电流。故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
电池组数据中的参数以及故障条件的相关内容可参见上述实施例中的相关说明,在此不再赘述。
若在BMU处于休眠状态的过程中,电池组发生了热失控,BMU停止对电池组的数据监测,也不能够提供热失控检测数据。若处理模块P3的功能集成在BMU中,BMU处于休眠状态中,也无法进行热失控的检测确定。
为了在BMU处于休眠状态的过程中,也能及时进行热失控的检测。
上述实施例中的检测模块P2还包括休眠唤醒子模块P21,休眠唤醒子模块P21包括第一电阻集合、第一开关管、第二电阻集合、第二开关管和第三电阻集合。
第一电阻集合的一端与第二供电端连接,第一电阻集合的另一端与第一开关管的第一端、第二开关管的控制端连接。第一开关管的控制端与第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接,第一开关管的第二端与地连接。第二电阻集合的一端与第三供电端连接,第二电阻集合的另一端与第二开关管的第一端连接。第二开关管的第二端与第三电阻集合的一端、电池管理单元的电源模块P5连接。第三电阻集合,第三电阻集合的另一端与地连接。
第一供电端、第二供电端和第三供电端所提供的电压可以相同,也可以不同,在此并不限定。具体可根据具体的工作场景和工作需求设定第一供电端、第二供电端和第三供电端所提供的电压。
第一开关管、第二开关管可以为金属-氧化物-半导体(metal oxide semiconductor,MOS)管或其他开关管,在此并不限定。
比如,如图5所示,第一电阻集合包括电阻R20,第二电阻集合包括电阻R21,第三电阻集合包括电阻R22。第一开关管为N沟道MOS管Q1,第一开关管Q1的控制端为栅极,第一端为漏极,第二端为源极。第二开关管为P沟道MOS管Q2,第二开关管Q2的控制端为栅极,第一端为源极,第二端为漏极。
BMU处于休眠状态。电池组发生热失控,缆式感温线被熔融发生短路。第一开关管的控制端的电位被拉高,第一开关管导通。第二开关管的控制端的电位被拉低到第一开关管的导通压降,第二开关管导通。可通过第二开关管的第二端与BMU的电源模块P5之间的唤醒信号线向该电源模块P5发送唤醒信号,以唤醒BMU。比如,在休眠唤醒模块P4未发出唤醒信号之前,休眠唤醒模块P4与电源模块P5之间的连接线上的电位是接地0V,第二开关管导通后,使得休眠唤醒模块P4与电源模块P5之间的连接线上的电位被拉高,从而唤醒BMU。
需要说明的是,若BMU处于工作状态,则有第四供电端持续向BMU的电源模块P5提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于工作状态时上电,从而保证向BMU持续提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于休眠状态时下电,由休眠唤醒子模块P21唤醒BMU。如图5所示,可在第四供电端V4与BMU之间设置电阻R23。第四供电端V4提供的电压的值与第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端提供的电压的值可以相同,也可以不同,在此并不限定。比如,第四供电端提供的电压为12V。
在一些示例中,热失控检测电路的检测模块P2还可包括一些保护器件和/或滤波器件。具体的,保护器件可以包括保护电容等。保护电容可防止热失控检测电路出现静电释放(Electro Static Discharge,ESD)的情况。滤波器件可包括滤波电容、滤波电阻等。其中,滤波电阻和滤波电容可形成RC滤波电路,对采样点的采样数据进行滤波,以提高采样数据的精确度,从而提高热失控检测的精确度。
保护电容的一端与分压电阻集合与采样点连接的一端连接,保护电容的另一端与地连接。滤波电容的一端与滤波电阻的一端、采样点连接,滤波电容的另一端与地连接,滤波电阻的另一端与保护电容的一端连接。
比如,如图5所示,保护电容包括第六保护电容C11和第七保护电容C12。滤波电容包括第六滤波电容C13和第七滤波电容C14。滤波电阻包括第六滤波电阻R24和第七滤波电阻R25。
第六保护电容C11的一端与电阻R18与第六采样点AD6相连的一端连接。第七保护电容C12的一端与电阻R19与第七采样点AD7相连的一端连接。第六保护电容C11的另一端、第七保护电容C12的另一端与地连接。
第六滤波电容C13的一端与电阻R24的一端、第六采样点AD6连接。第七滤波电容C14的一端与电阻R25的一端、第七采样点AD7连接。第六滤波电容C13的另一端、第七滤波电容C14的另一端与地连接。电阻R24的另一端与第六保护电容C11的一端连接。电阻R25的另一端与第七保护电容C12的一端连接。
上述示例的实施方式能够以多种形式实施,且不应被理解为限于在此阐述的实施方式。此外,上述实施例中所描述的特征、结构或特性可以以任何合适的方式结合在一个或更多实施例中。然而,本领域技术人员将意识到,可以实践本申请的技术方案而没有所述特定细节中的一个或更多,或者可以采用其它的方法、组元、材料等。在其它情况下,不详细示出或描述公知结构、材料或者操作以避免模糊本申请的主要技术创意。
需要明确的是,本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述,各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分互相参见即可,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。本申请并不局限于上文所描述并在图中示出的结构。本领域的技术人员可以在领会本申请的精神之后,作出各种改变、修改和添加。并且,为了简明起见,这里省略对已知技术的详细描述。
本领域技术人员应能理解,上述实施例均是示例性而非限制性的。在不同实施例中出现的不同技术特征可以进行组合,以取得有益效果。本领域技术人员在研究附图、说明书及权利要求书的基础上,应能理解并实现所揭示的实施例的其他变化的实施例。在权利要求书中,术语“包括”并不排除其他装置或步骤;不定冠词“一个”不排除多个;术语“第一”、“第二”用于标示名称而非用于表示任何特定的顺序。权利要求中的任何附图标记均不应被理解为对保护范围的限制。权利要求中出现的多个部分的功能可以由一个单独的硬件或软件模块来实现。某些技术特征出现在不同的从属权利要求中并不意味着不能将这些技术特征进行组合以取得有益效果。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种热失控检测电路,包括:
    感应模块,所述感应模块包括感应线,所述感应线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值;
    检测模块,所述检测模块与所述感应线连接,所述检测模块包括至少一组分压电阻集合,每组分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接,每组分压电阻集合的另一端与地连接,每组分压电阻集合包括串联的至少两个分压电阻集合;
    处理模块,所述处理模块与所述检测模块连接,所述处理模块用于获取热失控检测数据,根据所述热失控检测数据,确定所述电池组是否发生热失控,
    其中,所述热失控检测数据包括从采样点采集的采样数据,所述采样点设置于所述相连的两个分压电阻集合之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述感应线包括设置于位于所述电池组上方的电路板上的第一感应线和第二感应线,所述第一感应线的至少一部分和所述第二感应线的至少一部分位于所述电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述检测模块包括两组分压电阻集合,所述采样点包括第一采样点、第二采样点、第三采样点和第四采样点;
    第一组分压电阻集合包括串联的第一分压电阻集合、第二分压电阻集合和第三分压电阻集合,所述第一分压电阻集合的一端与所述第一供电端连接,所述第三分压电阻集合的一端与地连接,所述第一采样点设置于所述第一分压电阻集合与所述第二分压电阻集合之间,所述第二采样点设置于所述第二分压电阻集合与所述第三分压电阻集合之间,所述第一感应线的一端与所述第一采样点连接,所述第一感应线的另一端与所述第二采样点连接;
    第二组分压电阻集合包括串联的第四分压电阻集合、第五分压电阻集 合和第六分压电阻集合,所述第四分压电阻集合的一端与所述第一供电端连接,所述第六分压电阻集合的一端与地连接,所述第三采样点设置于所述第四分压电阻集合与所述第五分压电阻集合之间,所述第四采样点设置于所述第五分压电阻集合与所述第六分压电阻集合之间,所述第二感应线的一端与所述第三采样点连接,所述第二感应线的另一端与所述第四采样点连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据,所述电池组数据包括至少一个参数,
    所述处理模块包括:
    采样端口,与所述第一采样点、所述第二采样点、所述第三采样点和所述第四采样点连接,用于从所述第一采样点、所述第二采样点、所述第三采样点和所述第四采样点分别获取第一采样数据、第二采样数据、第三采样数据和第四采样数据;
    传感器,用于采集所述电池组数据;
    第一比较电路,与所述采样端口连接,用于若所述第一采样数据位于第一断路阈值范围内,且所述第二采样数据位于第二断路阈值范围内,发送第一断路信号,所述第一断路信号表征所述第一感应线发生断路;
    第二比较电路,与所述采样端口连接,用于若所述第三采样数据位于第三断路阈值范围内,且所述第四采样数据位于第四断路阈值范围内,发送第二断路信号,所述第二断路信号表征所述第二感应线发生断路;
    第一判断电路,与所述第一比较电路、所述第二比较电路和所述传感器连接,用于若在预设时长内,接收到所述第一断路信号和所述第二断路信号,且所述电池组数据中的至少一个参数满足故障条件,确定所述电池组发生热失控。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述第一判断电路还用于:
    若在预设时长内,未接收到所述第一断路信号和/或所述第二断路信号,且所述电池组数据中的至少一组参数满足故障条件,确定所述电池组发生热失控,所述一组参数包括至少两个参数。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述第一判断电路还用于:
    若未接收到所述第一断路信号和/或所述第二断路信号,且所述电池组数据满足故障条件,发出热失控预警消息,
    其中,所述电池组数据包括充电过程中所述电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中所述电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中所述电池组的充电电流,
    所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述感应线包括设置于位于所述电池组上方的防护板中的第三感应线,所述第三感应线的至少一部分位于所述电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述第三感应线为锡线,所述防护板为云母板。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述检测模块包括一组分压电阻集合,所述采样点包括第五采样点;
    所述一组分压电阻集合包括通过所述第三感应线串联的第七分压电阻集合和第八分压电阻集合,所述第七分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接,第八分压电阻集合的一端与地连接,所述第五采样点设置于所述第七分压电阻集合与所述第八分压电阻集合之间。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据,所述电池组数据包括至少一个参数,
    所述处理模块包括:
    采样端口,与所述第五采样点连接,用于从所述第五采样点获取第五采样数据;
    传感器,用于采集所述电池组数据;
    第三比较电路,与所述采样端口连接,用于若所述第五采样数据位于第五断路阈值范围内,发送第三断路信号,所述第三断路信号表征所述第五感应线发生断路;
    第二判断电路,与所述第三比较电路和所述传感器连接,用于若在预 设时长内,接收到所述第三断路信号,且所述电池组数据中的至少一个参数满足故障条件,确定所述电池组发生热失控。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述第二判断电路还用于:
    若在预设时长内,未接收到所述第三断路信号,且所述电池组数据中的至少一组参数满足故障条件,确定所述电池组发生热失控,所述一组参数包括至少两个参数。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述第二判断电路还用于:
    若未接收到所述第三断路信号,且所述电池组数据满足故障条件,发出热失控预警消息,
    其中,所述电池组数据包括充电过程中所述电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中所述电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中所述电池组的充电电流,
    所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
  13. 根据权利要求2或7所述的热失控检测电路,其中,还包括:
    休眠唤醒模块,所述休眠模块设置于所述第一供电端和所有组分压电阻集合之间,所述休眠唤醒模块用于在电池管理单元处于休眠状态时,向所述电池管理单元的电源模块发送控制信号,
    其中,所述控制信号用于指示所述电源模块控制所述电池管理单元继续处于休眠状态或切换为工作状态。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的热失控检测电路,其中,
    所述休眠唤醒模块包括第九分压电阻集合,
    或者,
    所述休眠唤醒模块包括所述第九分压电阻集合和二极管,所述二极管的阳极与所述第九分压电阻集合连接,所述二极管的阴极与所述电源模块连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述感应模块还包括终端电阻,
    所述感应线包括缆式感温线,所述缆式感温线与所述终端电路连接,所述缆式感温线的至少一部分设置于所述电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述检测模块包括一组分压电阻集合,所述采样点包括第六采样点和第七采样点;
    所述一组分压电阻集合包括第十分压电阻集合和第十一分压电阻集合,所述第十分压电阻集合、所述终端电阻、所述第十一分压电阻集合通过所述缆式感温线串联,所述第一分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接,所述第二分压电阻集合的一端与地连接;
    所述第六采样点设置于所述第十分压电阻集合的另一端和所述终端电阻之间,所述第七采样点设置于所述第十一分压电阻集合的另一端和所述终端电阻之间。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的热失控检测电路,其中,
    所述处理模块包括:
    采样端口,与所述第六采样点和所述第七采样点连接,用于从所述第六采样点和所述第七采样点分别获取第六采样数据和第七采样数据;
    第四比较电路,与所述采样端口连接,用于若所述第六采样数据与所述第七采样数据相等,发送短路信号,所述短路信号表征所述缆式感温线发生短路;
    第三判断电路,与所述第四比较电路连接,用于若接收到所述短路信号,确定所述电池组发生热失控。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据,所述电池组数据包括至少一个参数,
    所述处理模块还包括:
    传感器,用于采集所述电池组数据;
    第五比较电路,与所述采样端口和所述第一供电端连接,用于若所述第六采样数据与所述第一供电端提供的数据相同,且所述第七采样数据与地提供的数据相同,发送第四断路信号,所述第四断路信号表征所述缆式感温线发生断路;
    所述第三判断电路,用于若在预设时长内,接收到所述第四断路信号,且所述电池组数据中的至少一个参数满足故障条件,确定所述电池组发生热失控。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据,
    所述第三判断电路还用于:
    若未接收到所述第四断路信号和所述短路信号,且所述电池组数据中的至少一组参数满足故障条件,确定所述电池组发生热失控,所述一组参数包括至少两个参数。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组数据,
    所述第三判断电路还用于:
    若未接收到所述第四断路信号和所述短路信号,且所述电池组数据满足故障条件,发出热失控预警消息,
    其中,所述电池组数据包括充电过程中所述电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中所述电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中所述电池组的充电电流,
    所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
  21. 根据权利要求16所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述检测模块还包括休眠唤醒子模块,所述休眠唤醒子模块包括:
    第一电阻集合,所述第一电阻集合的一端与第二供电端连接,所述第一电阻集合的另一端与第一开关管的第一端、第二开关管的控制端连接;
    所述第一开关管,所述第一开关管的控制端与所述第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接,所述第一开关管的第二端与地连接;
    第二电阻集合,所述第二电阻集合的一端与第三供电端连接,所述第二电阻集合的另一端与所述第二开关管的第一端连接;
    所述第二开关管,所述第二开关管的第二端与第三电阻集合的一端、所述电池管理单元的电源模块连接;
    所述第三电阻集合,所述第三电阻集合的另一端与地连接。
  22. 根据权利要求4、10或18所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述电池组数据包括以下的一个或几个参数:
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度、所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度、所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差、所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压、所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目、测温传感失效参数、电芯监控通讯失效参数,
    其中,所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
  23. 根据权利要求5、11或19所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述一组参数包括以下任意一组参数:
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度,
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度,
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差,
    所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度,
    所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差,
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度,
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度,
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差,
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与测温传感失效参数,
    其中,所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路,其中,所述检测模块设置于电池管理单元中,所述处理模块为所述电池管理单元中的微控制单元。
  25. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路,其中,
    所述检测模块还包括保护电容,所述保护电容的一端与分压电阻集合与所述采样点连接的一端连接,所述保护电容的另一端与地连接,
    所述检测模块还包括滤波电容和滤波电阻,所述滤波电容的一端与所述滤波电阻的一端、所述采样点连接,所述滤波电容的另一端与地连接,所述滤波电阻的另一端与所述保护电容的一端连接。
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