WO2020239020A1 - 热式热泵液压系统 - Google Patents

热式热泵液压系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020239020A1
WO2020239020A1 PCT/CN2020/092909 CN2020092909W WO2020239020A1 WO 2020239020 A1 WO2020239020 A1 WO 2020239020A1 CN 2020092909 W CN2020092909 W CN 2020092909W WO 2020239020 A1 WO2020239020 A1 WO 2020239020A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
working fluid
food preservation
heat exchanger
hot
cold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/092909
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
施罗德·迈克尔·古德曼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Haier US Appliance Solutions Inc
Original Assignee
Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Haier US Appliance Solutions Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Haier Smart Home Co Ltd, Haier US Appliance Solutions Inc filed Critical Haier Smart Home Co Ltd
Priority to CN202080039000.6A priority Critical patent/CN113874668B/zh
Priority to EP20812667.2A priority patent/EP3978841B1/en
Publication of WO2020239020A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020239020A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D11/00—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators
    • F25D11/02—Self-contained movable devices, e.g. domestic refrigerators with cooling compartments at different temperatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2300/00—Special arrangements or features for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
    • F25B2321/0022—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with a rotating or otherwise moving magnet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2507—Flow-diverting valves
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a thermal heat pump hydraulic system.
  • Traditional refrigeration technology usually uses heat pumps.
  • the heat pump relies on the compression and expansion of the fluid refrigerant to receive and discharge heat in a cyclic manner to achieve the required temperature change or transfer heat energy from one location to another.
  • This kind of circulation can be used to receive heat from the refrigerating compartment and dissipate the heat to the environment or a certain location outside the refrigerating compartment.
  • Other applications include air conditioning in residential or commercial buildings. Fluid refrigerants have been developed that can be used with heat pumps in such systems.
  • Magnetocaloric materials materials with magnetocaloric effects, provide a potential alternative to fluid refrigerants in heat pump applications.
  • MCM Magnetocaloric materials
  • the magnetic moment of the magnetocaloric material will become more orderly, which will cause the magnetocaloric material to generate heat.
  • the magnetic moment of the magnetocaloric material will become more chaotic and disorderly, so that the magnetocaloric material can absorb heat.
  • Some magnetocaloric materials exhibit the opposite behavior, that is, they generate heat when the magnetic field is removed (sometimes called paramagnetic thermal materials, but these two types are collectively referred to herein as magnetocaloric materials or MCM).
  • the theoretical Carnot cycle efficiency of a refrigeration cycle based on magnetocaloric materials can be significantly higher than the theoretical Carnot cycle efficiency of a comparable refrigeration cycle based on a fluid refrigerant. In this way, a heat pump system that can effectively use magnetocaloric materials will be very useful.
  • a refrigeration appliance includes: a box body defining a food preservation compartment and a freezing compartment; a hot-end heat exchanger located in the food preservation compartment and the freezing compartment of the box body The outside of the food preservation cold end heat exchanger, which is in the box and located in the food preservation compartment, and the food preservation compartment can be cooled by air from the food preservation cold end heat exchanger; An end heat exchanger, which is inside the box and located in the freezing compartment, and the freezing compartment can be cooled by air from the freezing cold end heat exchanger.
  • Food preservation cold storage which includes a first hot material station and a second hot material station; a frozen cold storage, which includes a first hot material station and a second hot material station, the first and second of the freezing cold storage
  • the hot material table is spaced apart from the first and second hot material tables of the food preservation cold storage device;
  • a food preservation working fluid circuit is connected to the hot end heat exchanger, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger and The food preservation cold storage device enables the first working fluid to flow through the hot end heat exchanger, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger and the food preservation cold storage device via the food preservation working fluid circuit;
  • a pair of diverter valves which are connected to the food preservation working fluid circuit, the first pair of diverter valves selectively change the flow of the first working fluid through the first thermal material table and the food preservation cold storage device The flow direction of the second thermal material table;
  • a hot-end reservoir connected to the food preservation working fluid circuit, the hot-end reservoir being sized to accommodate a certain amount of the first working fluid, The hot-end reservoir is
  • Fig. 1 is a refrigeration appliance according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of some parts of the heat pump system in the example refrigeration appliance of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the heat pump system in the example refrigeration appliance of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention relates to a thermal heat pump system for heating or cooling electrical appliances (such as refrigeration appliances).
  • electrical appliances such as refrigeration appliances.
  • a thermal heat pump system for heating or cooling electrical appliances (such as refrigeration appliances).
  • electrical appliances such as refrigeration appliances.
  • a thermal heat pump system for heating or cooling electrical appliances (such as refrigeration appliances).
  • a magnetocaloric heat pump system such as magnetocaloric heat pump system
  • suitable thermal materials can be used in a similar manner to heat or cool electrical appliances, for example: Apply magnetic field, move heat, remove magnetic field, move heat.
  • the electric heating material will increase and decrease in temperature.
  • the elastic thermal material when exposed to increasing and decreasing mechanical strain, the elastic thermal material will heat up and drop in temperature.
  • the hot-pressed material will increase and decrease in temperature.
  • thermal materials can replace or replace the magnetocaloric materials described below for heating or cooling fluids in electrical appliances. Therefore, thermal materials are widely used herein, which encompass materials that increase or decrease in temperature when exposed to a changing magnetic field from a field generator.
  • the field generator can be a magnet, an electric field generator, an actuator for applying mechanical stress or pressure, and so on.
  • a refrigeration appliance 10 is depicted as a vertical refrigerator having a box or housing 12 that defines a plurality of internal storage compartments or refrigerating compartments.
  • the refrigerating appliance 10 includes an upper food preservation compartment 14 having a door 16 and a lower freezing compartment 18 having an upper drawer 20 and a lower drawer 22.
  • the drawers 20 and 22 are "pull-out" type drawers because they can be manually moved in and out of the freezer compartment 18 on a suitable sliding mechanism.
  • the refrigerator 10 is provided as an example only.
  • refrigerating appliances may also be used, including appliances having only a freezing compartment, appliances having only a refrigerating compartment, or other appliances having a combination of freezing and refrigerating compartments different from those shown in FIG. 1.
  • the heat pump and heat pump system of the present invention are not limited to refrigeration appliances, and can also be used in other applications, such as air conditioners, electronic cooling devices, and the like. Therefore, it should be understood that although this article provides the use of a heat pump and a heat pump system for cooling in a refrigerator by example, the content of the present invention can also be used to provide heating applications.
  • the refrigerating appliance 10 includes a refrigerating compartment 30 (for example, the food preservation compartment 14 and the freezing compartment 18) and a mechanical compartment 40.
  • the refrigerating compartment 30 and the mechanical compartment 40 include a heat pump system 100 having a hot-end heat exchanger 110.
  • the hot-end heat exchanger 110 is located outside the refrigerating compartment 30, for example, in the machine compartment 40 to discharge heat to the machine compartment 40.
  • the heat transfer fluid (such as an aqueous solution) flowing in the hot-end heat exchanger 110 dissipates heat to the machine room 40, thereby cooling the heat-transfer fluid in the hot-end heat exchanger 110.
  • the air around the hot-end heat exchanger 110 may be circulated in the machine room 40 (for example, by the fan 112) to increase the heat transfer rate between the heat transfer fluid in the hot-end heat exchanger 110 and the air in the machine room 40 .
  • the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120 is located in the food preservation compartment 14 for removing heat therefrom.
  • the heat transfer fluid such as an aqueous solution
  • the heat transfer fluid flowing in the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120 receives heat from the food preservation compartment 14 to thereby cool the contents of the food preservation compartment 14.
  • the air around the food preservation cold-end heat exchanger 120 can circulate in the food preservation compartment 14 (for example, circulated by the food preservation fan 122), so that the air from the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120 cools the food preservation compartment 14 . Therefore, the food preservation fan 122 can be used to generate an air flow through the food preservation cold-end heat exchanger 120, thereby increasing the heat transfer rate.
  • the food preservation cold-end heat exchanger 120 can cool the food preservation compartment 14 to, for example, approximately thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit (32°F).
  • the heat pump system 100 also has a freezing cold end heat exchanger 130.
  • the freezing cold end heat exchanger 130 may operate in parallel with the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120. Therefore, for example, the freezing cold-end heat exchanger 130 is provided in the freezing compartment 18 to remove heat therefrom.
  • the heat transfer fluid (such as an aqueous solution) flowing in the freezing cold-end heat exchanger 130 receives heat from the freezing chamber 18 to thereby cool the contents of the freezing chamber 18.
  • the air around the freezing cold-end heat exchanger 130 may circulate in the freezing compartment 18 (for example, by a freezing fan 132 ), so that the air from the freezing cold-end heat exchanger 130 cools the freezing compartment 18.
  • the refrigerating fan 132 may be used to generate air flow through the refrigerating cold-end heat exchanger 130, thereby increasing the heat transfer rate.
  • the cooled air from the freezing cold end heat exchanger 130 can cool the freezing compartment 18 to, for example, approximately minus ten degrees Fahrenheit (-10°F).
  • the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 connects the hot end heat exchanger 110, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120, and other components of the heat pump system 100 (including the hot end reservoir 160). Therefore, the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 can flow between the hot end heat exchanger 110, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120, the hot end reservoir 160, etc. in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140.
  • the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 may include suitable conduits for fluidly connecting pipes, tubes, pipelines and the like, so that the heat transfer fluid is stored especially in the hot end heat exchanger 110, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120 and the hot end. Flow between ⁇ 160.
  • the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150 connects the refrigerated cold-end heat exchanger 130 and other components of the heat pump system 100 (including the food preservation cold-end reservoir 170). Therefore, the heat transfer fluid in the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150 can flow between the refrigerating cold-end heat exchanger 130 and the food preservation cold-end reservoir 170 in the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150.
  • the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 may include suitable conduits for fluidly connecting components such as pipes, tubes, lines, etc., so that the heat transfer fluid is particularly between the refrigerated cold end heat exchanger 130 and the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 flow.
  • the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150 may be separated from the food preservation working fluid circuit 140, for example, so that the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 does not mix with the heat transfer fluid in the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150.
  • the refrigeration electrical appliance 10 may include a controller 80 that adjusts various components of the refrigeration electrical appliance 10. Therefore, the controller 80 can operably communicate with various components of the refrigeration appliance 10 (such as the fans 112, 122, 132, and the motor 102) (FIG. 3) and the like.
  • the controller 80 may include a memory and one or more processing devices such as a microprocessor or a CPU, and a general-purpose or special-purpose microprocessor that can execute programming instructions or micro-control codes associated with the operation of the refrigeration appliance 10.
  • the memory may be a non-transitory memory, representing random access memory such as DRAM, or read-only memory such as ROM or FLASH.
  • the processor executes programming instructions stored in the memory.
  • the memory may be a separate component from the processor or included in the onboard of the processor.
  • the controller 80 may be configured to not use a microprocessor (for example, using a combination of discrete analog and/or digital logic circuits, such as switches, amplifiers, integrators, comparators, flip-flops, AND gates, etc.) Perform control functions instead of relying on software.
  • the controller 80 can communicate with various components of the refrigeration appliance 10 via a suitable wiring harness or a communication bus.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the heat pump system 100.
  • the heat pump system 100 includes a food preservation cold storage 180, which has a first thermal material station 182 and a second thermal material station 184.
  • the first thermal material table 182 and the second thermal material table 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180 include a magnetocaloric material exhibiting a magnetocaloric effect. Therefore, for example, when the first thermal material table 182 of the food preservation cold storage 180 is located in the magnetic field from the magnet 186, the temperature of the first thermal material table 182 can be increased, so that the heat transfer fluid flows through the first thermal material.
  • Desk 182 the first thermal material table 182 of the food preservation cold storage 180 is located in the magnetic field from the magnet 186, the temperature of the first thermal material table 182 can be increased, so that the heat transfer fluid flows through the first thermal material.
  • Desk 182 the temperature of the first thermal material table 182 can be increased, so that the heat transfer fluid flows through the first thermal material.
  • the heat pump system 100 may include an electric motor (such as the electric motor 102) that is coupled to the food preservation cold storage 180 and/or the magnet 186 to achieve relative movement between the food preservation cold storage 180 and the magnet 186. Therefore, the motor can be operated to sequentially move the first thermal material table 182 and the second thermal material table 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180 in and out of the magnetic field from the magnet 186.
  • an electric motor such as the electric motor 102
  • the heat pump system 100 further includes a refrigerated cold storage device 190 having a first hot material station 192 and a second hot material station 194.
  • the first thermal material table 192 and the second thermal material table 194 of the freezing cold storage 190 include a magnetocaloric material exhibiting a magnetocaloric effect. Therefore, for example, when the first hot material table 192 of the freezing cold storage 190 is located in the magnetic field from the magnet 196, the temperature of the first hot material table 192 can be increased, so that the heat transfer fluid flows through the first hot material table. 192.
  • the heat pump system 100 may include an electric motor (such as the electric motor 102) that is coupled to the refrigerated cold storage 190 and/or the magnet 196 to achieve relative movement between the refrigerated cold storage 190 and the magnet 196. Therefore, the motor can be operated to sequentially move the first hot material table 192 and the second hot material table 194 of the freezing cold storage 190 in and out of the magnetic field from the magnet 196.
  • an electric motor such as the electric motor 102
  • One or more magnetic thermal materials in the food preservation cold storage 180 and the freezing cold storage 190 may be different.
  • the magnetocaloric material in the food preservation cold storage 180 may be selected to cool the food preservation compartment 14 to, for example, approximately thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit (32°F).
  • the magnetocaloric material in the freezing cold storage 190 can be used to cool the freezing compartment 18 to, for example, approximately minus ten degrees Fahrenheit (-10°F).
  • each of the food preservation cold storage 180 and the frozen cold storage 190 may include three (or More) Hot material table.
  • the heat pump system 100 includes a first pair of diverter valves 142 connected to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 and a second pair of diverter valves 152 connected to the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150.
  • the first pair of diverter valves 142 and the second pair of diverter valves 152 may be coupled to the electric motor 102 so that the electric motor 102 can be operated in a manner synchronized with the relative movement between the food preservation cold storage 180 and the magnet 186, and/or with the refrigerated cold storage
  • the relative movement between the 190 and the magnet 196 is synchronized to adjust the first pair of shunt valves 142 and the second pair of shunt valves 152.
  • the first pair of diverter valves 142 can selectively change the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid through the first thermal material table 182 and the second thermal material table 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180 in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140.
  • FIG. 3 shows the first actuation flow path through the first pair of diverter valves 142 in black lines and the second actuation flow path through the first pair of diverter valves 142 in dashed lines.
  • the first pair of diverter valves 142 can allow the heat transfer fluid from the hot end reservoir 160 to flow through any one of the first thermal material station 182 and the second thermal material station 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180, For example, it depends on which of the first hot material table 182 and the second hot material table 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180 is in the magnetic field of the magnet 186. Specifically, when the first hot material table 182 of the food preservation cold storage 180 is located outside the magnetic field of the magnet 186 and the second hot material table 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180 is located inside the magnetic field of the magnet 186, the first pair of shunt valves 142 It is possible to switch to the first actuation flow path.
  • the first pair of shunt valves 142 can Switch to the second actuation flow path.
  • the second pair of diverter valves 152 can selectively change the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid flowing through the first thermal material table 192 and the second thermal material table 194 of the refrigerated cold storage 190 in the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150.
  • FIG. 3 shows the first actuation flow path through the second pair of diverter valves 152 in black lines and the second actuation flow path through the second pair of diverter valves 152 in dashed lines.
  • the second pair of diverter valves 152 can allow the heat transfer fluid from the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 to flow through any one of the first thermal material station 192 and the second thermal material station 194 of the refrigerated cold storage 190 For example, it depends on which of the first hot material table 192 and the second hot material table 194 of the freezing cold storage 190 is within the magnetic field of the magnet 196. Specifically, when the first hot material table 192 of the refrigerated cold storage device 190 is located outside the magnetic field of the magnet 196 and the second hot material table 194 of the refrigerated cold storage device 190 is located inside the magnetic field of the magnet 196, the second pair of shunt valves 152 can be switched To the first actuation flow path.
  • the second pair of shunt valves 152 can be switched to The second actuation flow path.
  • the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 is connected to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 flows through the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172.
  • the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 may be located downstream of the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120 and upstream of the food preservation cold storage 180 on the food preservation working fluid circuit 140.
  • the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 is thermally coupled to the food preservation cold end reservoir 170.
  • the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 may enter the heat transfer fluid of the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 in the food preservation cold end reservoir 170.
  • the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 connects the hot end heat exchanger 110, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120, the hot end reservoir 160 and the food preservation cold storage 180. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid can flow between the hot end heat exchanger 110, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120, the hot end reservoir 160 and the food preservation cold storage 180 through the food preservation working fluid circuit 140.
  • the pump 104 can drive the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 between the hot end heat exchanger 110, the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120, the hot end reservoir 160 and the food preservation cold storage 180 Flow, as described in more detail below.
  • the arrow set on the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 is used to indicate the direction in which the heat transfer fluid flows through the food preservation working fluid circuit 140.
  • the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation cold-end heat exchanger 120 receives heat from the food preservation compartment 14 so as to cool the contents of the food preservation compartment 14. Therefore, the air in the food preservation compartment 14 can discharge heat into the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation cold-end heat exchanger 120.
  • the heat transfer fluid flows out of the food preservation cold-end heat exchanger 120 through the food preservation working fluid circuit 140, and then flows into the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 thermally coupled to the food preservation cold-end reservoir 170.
  • the working fluid from the food preservation cold-end heat exchanger 120 receives heat from the heat transfer fluid of the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 in the food preservation cold-end reservoir 170. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid from the food preservation cold end heat exchanger 120 receives additional heat from the heat transfer fluid of the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 in the food preservation cold end reservoir 170.
  • the heat transfer fluid flows out of the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 via the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 and then flows to the food preservation cold storage 180.
  • the heat transfer fluid from the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 may flow into one of the first thermal material table 182 and the second thermal material table 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180 within the magnetic field of the magnet 186. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid from the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 flows through the food preservation cold accumulator 180 to receive additional heat from the magnetocaloric material (MCM) in the food preservation cold accumulator 180.
  • MCM magnetocaloric material
  • the heat transfer fluid passes through the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 to bring the heat to the hot end heat exchanger 110. In the hot-end heat exchanger 110, the heat in the heat transfer fluid is released to the environment, the machine room 40, and/or other locations outside the refrigerating room 30.
  • the heat transfer fluid flows from the hot end heat exchanger 110 into the hot end reservoir 160.
  • the hot-end reservoir 160 since the hot-end reservoir 160 is placed in the machine room 40, the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 can discharge heat to the environment, the machine room 40, and the like. Therefore, the hot-end reservoir 160 can assist in strict temperature control of the heat transfer fluid returning to the food preservation cold storage 180.
  • the heat transfer fluid returns from the hot end reservoir 160 to the food preservation cold storage 180.
  • the heat transfer fluid from the hot-end reservoir 160 can flow into one of the first hot material table 182 and the second hot material table 184 of the food preservation cold storage 180 outside the magnetic field of the magnet 186. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid from the hot-end reservoir 160 flows through the food preservation cold accumulator 180 and discharges the heat into the magnetocaloric material (MCM) in the food preservation cold accumulator 180.
  • MCM magnetocaloric material
  • the working fluid flowing through the frozen working fluid circuit 150 is similar to the content described above for the food preservation working fluid circuit 140. Now, a more detailed description will be given below.
  • the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 is connected to the refrigerated cold end heat exchanger 130, the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 and the refrigerated cold storage 190. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid can pass through the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 to flow between the refrigerated cold-end heat exchanger 130, the food preservation cold-end reservoir 170, and the refrigerated cold storage 190.
  • the pump 104 can cause the heat transfer fluid in the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 to flow between the refrigerated cold-end heat exchanger 130, the food preservation cold-end reservoir 170, and the refrigerated cold accumulator 190, as described in more detail below .
  • the arrows set on the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150 are used to indicate the direction in which the heat transfer fluid flows through the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150.
  • the heat transfer fluid in the freezing cold-end heat exchanger 130 receives heat from the freezing compartment 18, thereby cooling the contents of the freezing compartment 14. Therefore, the air in the freezing compartment 18 can discharge heat into the heat transfer fluid in the freezing cold end heat exchanger 130.
  • the heat transfer fluid flows out of the refrigerated cold-end heat exchanger 130 through the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 and then flows to the refrigerated cold storage 190.
  • the heat transfer fluid from the refrigerated cold-end heat exchanger 130 may flow into one of the first hot material stage 192 and the second hot material stage 194 of the refrigerated cold storage 190 that is within the magnetic field of the magnet 196.
  • the heat transfer fluid from the refrigerated cold-end heat exchanger 130 flows through the refrigerated cold accumulator 190, receiving additional heat from the magnetocaloric material (MCM) in the refrigerated cold accumulator 190.
  • the heat transfer fluid passes through the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 to bring the heat to the food preservation cold end reservoir 170.
  • the heat in the heat transfer fluid is discharged to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 through the liquid-liquid heat exchanger 172 In the working fluid, and/or discharged into the air in the food preservation compartment 14. Therefore, the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 can assist in strict temperature control of the heat transfer fluid returning to the refrigerated cold storage 190.
  • the heat transfer fluid flows out of the food preservation thermal storage 170 through the frozen working fluid circuit 150 and then flows to the frozen cold storage 190.
  • the heat transfer fluid from the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 may flow into one of the first hot material table 192 and the second hot material table 194 of the refrigerating cold storage 190 outside the magnetic field of the magnet 196. Therefore, the heat transfer fluid from the food preservation cold-end reservoir 170 flows through the refrigerated cold accumulator 190 and discharges the heat into the magnetocaloric material (MCM) in the refrigerated cold accumulator 190.
  • MCM magnetocaloric material
  • the flow of the heat transfer fluid in the heat pump system 100 described above is provided by way of example only. Other configurations of the heat pump system 100 can also be used. For example, in FIG. 3, the graphical lines of the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 and the freezing working fluid circuit 150 provide fluid communication between the various components of the heat pump system 100, but other heat transfer fluids using different lines and connections can also be used. Circulation loop. However, other configurations of the heat pump system 100 can still be used.
  • the hot end reservoir 160 is coupled to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 and is located outside the refrigerating compartment 30 (e.g., in the machine compartment 40).
  • the size of the hot end reservoir 160 is set to accommodate a certain amount of heat transfer fluid in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140.
  • the volume of the heat transfer fluid from the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 in the hot end reservoir 160 can assist in achieving leakage elasticity and system simplification.
  • the size of the hot end reservoir 160 can be selected to provide such benefits.
  • the hot end reservoir 160 may be sized to contain no less than one hundred and fifty milliliters (150 mL) of heat transfer fluid.
  • the size of the hot end reservoir 160 may be set to accommodate not less than five hundred milliliters (500 mL) of heat transfer fluid. This size setting has certain advantages, for example, because the heat transfer fluid in the hot-end reservoir 160 may stay in the mechanical chamber 40, which can maintain a proper temperature and/or provide a proper area to capture the leaked fluid.
  • the hot end reservoir 160 may be located below one or both of the first pair of diverter valves 142. Specifically, the hot end reservoir 160 may be located below the first pair of diverter valves 142 to capture the heat transfer fluid leaking from the first pair of diverter valves 142 again. To help catch the leak again, the first pair of diverter valves 142, the hot end reservoir 160, and/or the food preservation cold storage 180 can be arranged in the sealed shell 164 (FIG. 2). In certain example embodiments, the inner surface of the sealed shell 164 may form the reservoir 160.
  • the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 is coupled to the freezing working fluid circuit 150 and is located in the food preservation compartment 14.
  • the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 is sized to accommodate a certain amount of heat transfer fluid in the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150.
  • the volume of the heat transfer fluid from the refrigerated working fluid circuit 150 in the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 can assist in achieving leakage elasticity and system simplification.
  • the size of the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 can be used to provide such benefits.
  • the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 may be sized to contain not less than one hundred and fifty milliliters (150 mL) of heat transfer fluid.
  • the size of the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 can be set to accommodate not less than five hundred milliliters (500 mL) of heat transfer fluid.
  • This size setting has certain advantages, for example, because the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 may stay in the food preservation compartment 14, so that a proper temperature can be maintained, and/or a suitable area can be provided to capture Leaking fluid.
  • the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 may be located below one or both of the second pair of diverter valves 152. Specifically, the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 may be located below the second pair of diverter valves 152 to capture the heat transfer fluid leaking from the second pair of diverter valves 152 again. To assist in catching the leak again, the second pair of diverter valves 152, the food preservation cold end reservoir 170, and/or the frozen cold storage 190 can be arranged in the sealed shell 174 (FIG. 2). In some example embodiments, the inner surface of the sealed shell 174 may form a food preservation cold end reservoir 170.
  • the pump 104 may be connected to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 and the freezing working fluid circuit 150.
  • the pump 104 is operable to flow the heat transfer fluid through the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 and flow the heat transfer fluid through the freezing working fluid circuit 150.
  • the pump 104 may include: a first piston 144 coupled to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140; and a second piston 154 coupled to the freezing working fluid circuit 150.
  • the first piston 144 and the second piston 154 may be connected to the electric motor 102 so that the first piston 144 and the second piston 154 may be driven by, for example, a common electric motor, and synchronize the reciprocating movement of the first piston 144 and the second piston 154.
  • first piston 144 and the second piston 154 may be driven by separate electric motors, so that the first piston 144 and the second piston 154 independently reciprocate.
  • the first piston 144 may be located in the double-acting cylinder 146 connected to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140
  • the second piston 154 may be located in the double-acting cylinder 156 connected to the refrigerating working fluid circuit 150.
  • the double-acting cylinders 146 and 156 can efficiently pump out the heat transfer fluid to flow through the food preservation working fluid circuit 140 and the freezing working fluid circuit 150.
  • the pump 104 may include a single-acting cylinder or another positive displacement pump design.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system 200 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heat pump system 200 can be used in any suitable electrical appliance (such as the refrigerating appliance 100) or used in conjunction with it. Therefore, the heat pump system 200 will be described in more detail below in the context of the refrigerating appliance 100.
  • the heat pump system 200 includes many parts in common with the heat pump system 100 (FIG. 3) and operates in the same or similar manner. However, the heat pump system 200 includes the following additional components.
  • the heat pump system 200 includes: a first throttling element 202 that is coupled to the food preservation working fluid circuit 140; and a second throttling element 204 that is coupled to the freezing working fluid circuit 150.
  • the first throttle element 202 is configured to reduce the pressure and peak flow rate of the heat transfer fluid in the food preservation working fluid circuit 140.
  • the second throttling element 204 can attenuate the pressure and peak flow rate of the heat transfer fluid in the refrigerated working fluid circuit 140. Therefore, for example, the first throttle element 202 and the second throttle element 204 can be elastically moved or deformed to adjust and relax the flow curve of the working fluid.
  • first throttle element 202 and the second throttle element 204 when the first throttle element 202 and the second throttle element 204 are not used, the working fluid will exhibit a small pulsation property. Such pulsation may destroy the thermodynamic cycle in the food preservation cold storage 180 and/or the freezing cold storage 190.
  • Both the first throttle element 202 and the second throttle element 204 may be spring-loaded pistons (as shown in FIG. 4), flexible tubes, flexible diaphragms, and the like.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system 300 according to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the heat pump system 300 can be used in any suitable electrical appliance (such as the refrigeration electrical appliance 100) or used in conjunction with it. Therefore, the heat pump system 300 will be described in more detail in the context of the refrigerating appliance 100 below.
  • the heat pump system 300 includes many common components with the heat pump system 100 (FIG. 3) and the heat pump system 200 (FIG. 4 ), and operates in the same or similar manner. However, the heat pump system 300 includes the following additional components.
  • the tray 302 of the hot end reservoir 160 extends below the first pair of diverter valves 142 to recover leakage from the first pair of diverter valves 142.
  • the tray 304 of the food preservation cold end reservoir 170 extends below the second pair of diverter valves 152 to recover leakage from the second pair of diverter valves 142.
  • the trays 302 and 304 can allow the first pair of diverter valves 142 and the second pair of diverter valves 152 to allow small leakage, for example, so that the first pair of diverter valves 142 and the second pair of diverter valves are 152 can have lower friction loss (and lower sealing pressure).
  • the heat pump system 300 also includes a reversing valve 306.
  • the reversing valve 306 can be actuated to reverse the working fluid flowing through the food preservation cold storage 180 and the frozen cold storage 190 to perform defrosting. Therefore, the reversing valve 306 can enable the heat pump system 300 to operate in a manner opposite to that described above.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种制冷电器，包括食品保鲜工作流体回路，该食品保鲜工作流体回路联接热端热交换器、食品保鲜冷端热交换器和食品保鲜蓄冷器。第一对分流阀和热端贮存器联接到食品保鲜工作流体回路。热端贮存器位于第一对分流阀中一个或两个的下方。冷冻工作流体回路联接冷冻冷端热交换器和冷冻蓄冷器。第二对分流阀和食品保鲜冷端贮存器联接到冷冻工作流体回路。食品保鲜冷端贮存器位于第二对分流阀中一个或两个的下方。液-液热交换器也联接到食品保鲜工作流体回路。

Description

热式热泵液压系统 技术领域
本发明涉及热式热泵液压系统。
背景技术
传统制冷技术通常采用热泵。热泵依靠流体制冷剂的压缩和膨胀，以循环方式接收和排出热量，从而实现所需温度变化或将热能从一个位置传递到另一个位置。这种循环可用于接收来自冷藏室的热量，并将这些热量排出到环境中或冷藏室外部的某个位置。其他应用包括住宅建筑或商业建筑的空调。已经开发出可在这种系统中与热泵一起使用的流体制冷剂。
虽然已经对依赖于压缩流体制冷剂的这种热泵系统进行了改进，但改进后的热泵系统最多仍只能以最大理论卡诺循环效率的约百分之四十五或更低的效率来运行。此外，由于环境问题，一些液态制冷剂已经停产。对于某些位置，某些基于制冷剂的系统可以运行的环境温度范围可能不切实际。使用流体制冷剂的热泵也面临着其他挑战。
磁热材料(MCM)，即具有磁热效应的材料，为热泵应用中的流体制冷剂提供了潜在的替代方案。一般而言，在不断增加外部施加磁场的情况下，磁热材料的磁矩会变得更加有序，从而导致磁热材料产生热量。反过来，在不断减小外部施加磁场的情况下，磁热材料的磁矩会变得更加混乱无序，从而使磁热材料吸收热量。一些磁热材料表现出相反行为，即，在去除磁场时产生热量(有时称为顺磁热材料，但是在本文中将这两种类型统称为磁热材料或MCM)。基于磁热材料的制冷循环的理论卡诺循环效率，可以显著高于基于流体制冷剂的可比制冷循环的理论卡诺循 环效率。如此，一种能够有效使用磁热材料的热泵系统将会非常有用。
然而，对于MCM的实际使用和成本竞争力存在着挑战。除开发出合适的MCM外，仍然需要能够巧妙利用MCM的设备。当前提议的设备可能需要相对较大且高价的磁体，可能无法在例如制冷电器中使用，并且可能无法以足够的效率运行，与投资成本不成比例。
因此，一种能够应对某些挑战(诸如上述挑战)的热泵系统将会非常有用。如果这种热泵还能够在制冷电器中使用，也将会非常有优势。
发明内容
本发明的各方面和优点将在以下描述中进行部分阐述，或者通过该描述变得显而易见，亦可通过本发明的实施而获得了解。
在一个示例实施例中，一种制冷电器，包括：箱体，其限定出食品保鲜室和冷冻室；热端热交换器，其位于所述箱体的所述食品保鲜室和所述冷冻室的外部；食品保鲜冷端热交换器，其在所述箱体内且位于所述食品保鲜室中，所述食品保鲜室可被来自所述食品保鲜冷端热交换器的空气进行冷却；冷冻冷端热交换器，其在所述箱体内且位于所述冷冻室中，所述冷冻室可被来自所述冷冻冷端热交换器的空气进行冷却。食品保鲜蓄冷器，其包括第一热材料台和第二热材料台；冷冻蓄冷器，其包括第一热材料台和第二热材料台，所述冷冻蓄冷器的所述第一和第二热材料台与所述食品保鲜蓄冷器的所述第一和第二热材料台间隔开；食品保鲜工作流体回路，其联接所述热端热交换器、所述食品保鲜冷端热交换器和所述食品保鲜蓄冷器，使得第一工作流体可以经由所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，流过所述热端热交换器、所述食品保鲜冷端热交换器和所述食品保鲜蓄冷器；第一对分流阀，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，所述第一对分流阀可选择地改变所述第一工作流体流过所述食品保鲜蓄冷器的所述第一热材料台和所述第二热材料台的流动方向；热 端贮存器，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，所述热端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳一定量的所述第一工作流体，所述热端贮存器位于所述箱体的所述食品保鲜室和所述冷冻室的外部，所述热端贮存器位于所述第一对分流阀中的一个或两个的下方；冷冻工作流体回路，其联接所述冷冻冷端热交换器和所述冷冻蓄冷器，使得第二工作流体可以经由所述冷冻工作流体回路，流过所述冷冻冷端热交换器和所述冷冻蓄冷器；和第二对分流阀，其联接到所述冷冻工作流体回路，所述第二对分流阀可选择地改变所述第二工作流体流过所述冷冻蓄冷器的所述第一热材料台和所述第二热材料台的流动方向；食品保鲜冷端贮存器，其联接到所述冷冻工作流体回路，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳一定量的所述第二工作流体，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器在所述箱体内位于所述食品保鲜室中，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器位于所述第二对分流阀中一个或两个的下方；和液-液热交换器，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，使得所述第一工作流体可流过所述液-液热交换器，所述液-液热交换器位于所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器中，如此将所述液-液热交换器构造成在所述液-液热交换器中的所述第一工作流体与所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器中的所述第二工作流体之间进行热交换。
参考以下描述和所附权利要求，更好地理解本发明的上述和其他特征、方面和优点。并入本说明书中并构成本说明书一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，与描述一起用于说明本发明的原理。
附图说明
在参考附图的说明书中，针对本领域普通技术人员阐述了本发明的完整、可行公开内容，其中包括其最佳方式。
图1是根据本发明示例实施例的制冷电器。
图2是位于图1示例制冷电器中热泵系统某些部件的示意图。
图3是图2示例制冷电器中热泵系统的示意图。
图4是根据本发明另一示例实施例的热泵系统的示意图。
图5是根据本发明另一示例实施例的热泵系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细介绍本发明的实施例，这些实施例的一个或多个示例已在附图中示出。所提供的每个示例均用于说明本发明，而不是用于限制本发明。实际上，对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是，在不脱离本发明范围或精神的情况下，可以对本发明进行各种修改和改变。举例来说，作为一个实施例一部分示出或描述的特征，可以和另一个实施例一起使用，以形成又一个实施例。因此，本发明旨在涵盖落入所附权利要求及其等同物范围内的此类修改和变型。
本发明涉及用于加热或冷却电器(诸如制冷电器)的热式热泵系统。虽然下面在磁热式热泵系统的场景中进行了更详细的描述，但是本领域技术人员使用本文的示教将认识到，可以以类似方式使用其他合适的热材料来加热或冷却电器，例如：施加磁场、移动热量、移除磁场、移动热量。例如，随着电场增加和减少，电热材料会发生升温和降温。作为另一个示例，在暴露于增大和减小的机械应变时，弹性热材料会升温和降温。作为又一个示例，当暴露于增大和减小的压力时，热压材料会升温和降温。这些材料和其他类似的热材料可以代替或替换以下描述的磁热材料，用于加热或冷却电器内的流体。因此，热材料在本文广泛使用，其涵盖在暴露于来自场发生器的变化磁场时发生升温或降温的材料。其中，场发生器可以是磁体、电场发生器、用于施加机械应力或压力的致 动器等等。
现在参考图1，制冷电器10的示例实施例描绘为立式冰箱，该立式冰箱具有限定多个内部储藏室或冷藏室的箱体或壳体12。具体而言，制冷电器10包括具有门16的上部食品保鲜室14和具有上部抽屉20和下部抽屉22的下部冷冻室18。抽屉20、22为“拉出”型抽屉，因为二者可在合适的滑动机构上手动移入和移出冷冻室18。冰箱10仅作为示例提供。也可以使用制冷电器的其他构造，包括仅具有冷冻室的电器，仅具有冷藏室的电器，或者与图1所示不同的其他冷冻室和冷藏室组合的电器。另外，本发明的热泵和热泵系统不限于制冷电器，还可以用在其他应用中，诸如，空调、电子冷却装置等。因此，应当理解，虽然本文通过示例提供在冰箱内使用热泵和热泵系统进行制冷，但是还可以使用本发明内容提供加热应用。
图2是制冷电器10的各个部件的示意图，其中包括冷藏室30(例如，食品保鲜室14和冷冻室18)和机械室40。冷藏室30和机械室40包括具有热端热交换器110的热泵系统100。热端热交换器110位于冷藏室30外部，例如，位于机械室40中以向机械室40排出热量。在热端热交换器110内流动的传热流体(诸如，水溶液)将热量排至机械室40，从而在热端热交换器110中冷却该传热流体。热端热交换器110周围的空气可以在机械室40内循环(例如，通过风扇112循环)，以提高热端热交换器110中传热流体与机械室40中的空气之间的传热速率。
食品保鲜冷端热交换器120位于食品保鲜室14中，用于从中去除热量。在食品保鲜冷端热交换器120内流动的传热流体(诸如，水溶液) 从食品保鲜室14接收热量，从而冷却食品保鲜室14的内容物。特别是，食品保鲜冷端热交换器120周围的空气可以在食品保鲜室14内循环(例如，通过食品保鲜风扇122循环)，使得来自食品保鲜冷端热交换器120的空气冷却食品保鲜室14。因此，可以使用食品保鲜风扇122产生穿过食品保鲜冷端热交换器120的空气流，从而提高传热速率。从上面可以看出，通过运行热泵系统100和食品保鲜风扇122，食品保鲜冷端热交换器120可以将食品保鲜室14冷却到例如大约三十二华氏度(32°F)。
如在图2中可见，热泵系统100还具有冷冻冷端热交换器130。冷冻冷端热交换器130可以和食品保鲜冷端热交换器120并联运行。因此，例如，将冷冻冷端热交换器130设置在冷冻室18中，以从其中去除热量。在冷冻冷端热交换器130内流动的传热流体(诸如，水溶液)从冷冻室18接收热量，从而冷却冷冻室18的内容物。具体而言，冷冻冷端热交换器130周围的空气可以在冷冻室18内循环(例如，通过冷冻风扇132循环)，使得来自冷冻冷端热交换器130的空气冷却冷冻室18。因此，可以使用冷冻风扇132产生穿过冷冻冷端热交换器130的空气流，从而提高传热速率。从上面可以看出，通过运行热泵系统100和冷冻风扇122，来自冷冻冷端热交换器130的冷却的空气可以将冷冻室18冷却到例如大约负十华氏度(-10°F)。
食品保鲜工作流体回路140连接热端热交换器110、食品保鲜冷端热交换器120和热泵系统100的其他部件(包括热端贮存器160)。因此，食品保鲜工作流体回路140内的传热流体可以在食品保鲜工作流体回路140内的热端热交换器110、食品保鲜冷端热交换器120、热端贮存器160 等之间流动。食品保鲜工作流体回路140可包括用于流体连接管道、管、管线之类部件的合适导管，以便使传热流体尤其在热端热交换器110、食品保鲜冷端热交换器120和热端贮存器160之间流动。
冷冻工作流体回路150连接冷冻冷端热交换器130和热泵系统100的其他部件(包括食品保鲜冷端贮存器170)。因此，冷冻工作流体回路150内的传热流体可以在冷冻工作流体回路150内在冷冻冷端热交换器130和食品保鲜冷端贮存器170等之间流动。冷冻工作流体回路150可以包括用于流体连接诸如管道、管、管线之类的部件的合适的导管，以便使传热流体尤其在冷冻冷端热交换器130和食品保鲜冷端贮存器170之间流动。冷冻工作流体回路150可以与食品保鲜工作流体回路140间隔开，例如，使得食品保鲜工作流体回路140内的传热流体不与冷冻工作流体回路150内的传热流体混合。
制冷电器10可包括控制器80，该控制器80对制冷电器10的各个部件进行调节。因此，控制器80能够可操作地与制冷电器10的各个部件(诸如，风扇112、122、132，电动机102)通信(图3)等。控制器80可包括存储器和一个或多个微处理器、CPU之类的处理设备，可执行与制冷电器10运行相关联的编程指令或微控制代码的通用或专用微处理器。存储器可以是非暂时性存储器，代表DRAM之类的随机存取存储器，或ROM或FLASH之类的只读存储器。处理器执行存储在存储器中的编程指令。存储器可以是与处理器分离的部件，或包括在处理器的板载中。另选地，控制器80可以构造成不使用微处理器(例如，使用离散模拟和/或数字逻辑电路的组合，诸如开关、放大器、积分器、比较器、触发器、 “与”门等)执行控制功能，而不是依赖软件。控制器80可以经由合适的线束或通信总线与制冷电器10的各个部件通信。
图3是热泵系统100的示意图。如在图3中可见，热泵系统100包括食品保鲜蓄冷器180，该食品保鲜蓄冷器180具有第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184。食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184包括表现出磁热效应的磁热材料。因此，例如，当食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182位于来自磁体186的磁场内时，可以使第一热材料台182的温度升高，从而使传热流体流过第一热材料台182。反过来，当从食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182中去除来自磁体186的磁场时，可以使第一热材料台182的温度降低，并且流过第一热材料台182的传热流体可以将热量排出到第一热材料台182。热泵系统100可包括电动机(诸如，电动机102)，其联接到食品保鲜蓄冷器180和/或磁体186，以实现食品保鲜蓄冷器180和磁体186之间的相对运动。因此，可以操作电动机以将食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184依次移入和移出来自磁体186的磁场。
热泵系统100还包括冷冻蓄冷器190，该冷冻蓄冷器190具有第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194。冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194包括表现出磁热效应的磁热材料。因此，例如，当冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192位于来自磁体196的磁场内时，可以使第一热材料台192的温度升高，从而使传热流体流过第一热材料台192。反过来，当从冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192中去除来自磁体196的磁场时，可以使第一热材料台192的温度降低，并且流过第一热 材料台192的传热流体可以将热量排出道第一热材料台192。热泵系统100可包括电动机(诸如，电动机102)，其联接到冷冻蓄冷器190和/或磁体196，以实现冷冻蓄冷器190和磁体196之间的相对运动。因此，可以操作电动机以将冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194依次移入和移出来自磁体196的磁场。
食品保鲜蓄冷器180和冷冻蓄冷器190中的一种或多种磁热材料可不相同。例如，食品保鲜蓄冷器180中的磁热材料可以选择成用于将食品保鲜室14冷却至例如大约三十二华氏度(32°F)。反过来，冷冻蓄冷器190中的磁热材料可用于将冷冻室18冷却至例如大约负十华氏度(-10°F)。另外，虽然在图3中仅示出具有两个热材料台，但可以理解，在备选示例实施例中，食品保鲜蓄冷器180和冷冻蓄冷器190中的每一个都可包括三个(或更多)热材料台。
如图3所示，热泵系统100包括联接到食品保鲜工作流体回路140上的第一对分流阀142和联接到冷冻工作流体回路150上的第二对分流阀152。第一对分流阀142和第二对分流阀152可以联接到电动机102，使得可操作电动机102以与食品保鲜蓄冷器180和磁体186之间相对运动同步的方式，和/或以与冷冻蓄冷器190和磁体196之间相对运动同步的方式，调节第一对分流阀142和第二对分流阀152。
第一对分流阀142可选择地改变传热流体在食品保鲜工作流体回路140内通过食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184的流动方向。特别地，图3以黑线示出穿过第一对分流阀142的第一致动流路并以虚线示出穿过第一对分流阀142的第二致动流路。从上面可 以看出，第一对分流阀142可以使来自热端贮存器160的传热流体流过食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184中的任一个，例如，具体取决于食品保鲜蓄冷器180第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184中的哪一个处于磁体186的磁场内。具体而言，当食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182位于磁体186的磁场外部且食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第二热材料台184位于磁体186的磁场内部时，第一对分流阀142可以切换到第一致动流路。反过来，当食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182位于磁体186的磁场内部且食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第二热材料台184位于磁体186的磁场外部时，第一对分流阀142可以切换到第二致动流路。
类似地，第二对分流阀152可选择地改变传热流体在冷冻工作流体回路中150流过冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194的流动方向。特别地，图3以黑线示出穿过第二对分流阀152的第一致动流路并以虚线示出穿过第二对分流阀152的第二致动流路。从上面可以看出，第二对分流阀152可以使来自食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的传热流体流过冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194中的任一个，例如，具体取决于冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194中的哪一个处于磁体196的磁场内。具体而言，当冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192位于磁体196的磁场外部且冷冻蓄冷器190的第二热材料台194位于磁体196的磁场内部时，第二对分流阀152可以切换到第一致动流路。反过来，当冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192位于磁体196的磁场内部且冷冻蓄冷器190的第二热材料台194位于磁 体196的磁场外部时，第二对分流阀152可以切换到第二致动流路。
液-液热交换器172连接到食品保鲜工作流体回路140。因此，食品保鲜工作流体回路140内的传热流体流过液-液热交换器172。作为示例，液-液热交换器172可以位于食品保鲜工作流体回路140上的食品保鲜冷端热交换器120的下游和食品保鲜蓄冷器180的上游。液-液热交换器172热联接到食品保鲜冷端贮存器170。例如，液-液热交换器172可以在食品保鲜冷端贮存器170中进入到冷冻工作流体回路150的传热流体内。
现在，将在以下对流过食品保鲜工作流体回路140的工作流体进行更详细的描述。如在图3中可见，食品保鲜工作流体回路140连接热端热交换器110、食品保鲜冷端热交换器120、热端贮存器160和食品保鲜蓄冷器180。因此，传热流体可以通过食品保鲜工作流体回路140在热端热交换器110、食品保鲜冷端热交换器120、热端贮存器160和食品保鲜蓄冷器180之间流动。具体而言，泵104可以促使食品保鲜工作流体回路140中的传热流体，在热端热交换器110、食品保鲜冷端热交换器120、热端贮存器160和食品保鲜蓄冷器180之间流动，如下文更详细描述的。在图3中，食品保鲜工作流体回路140上设置的箭头用于指示传热流体流过食品保鲜工作流体回路140的方向。
如上所述，食品保鲜冷端热交换器120内的传热流体从食品保鲜室14中接收热量，从而冷却食品保鲜室14的内容物。因此，食品保鲜室14中的空气可以将热量排出到食品保鲜冷端热交换器120内的传热流体中。传热流体通过食品保鲜工作流体回路140从食品保鲜冷端热交换器 120流出，然后流到与食品保鲜冷端贮存器170热联接的液-液热交换器172中。在液-液热交换器172内，来自食品保鲜冷端热交换器120的工作流体，从食品保鲜冷端贮存器170内的冷冻工作流体回路150的传热流体中接收热量。因此，来自食品保鲜冷端热交换器120的传热流体，从食品保鲜冷端贮存器170内的冷冻工作流体回路150的传热流体中接收额外热量。
然后，传热流体经由食品保鲜工作流体回路140从液-液热交换器172流出，然后流到食品保鲜蓄冷器180。具体而言，来自液-液热交换器172的传热流体可以流入食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184中处于磁体186的磁场内的一个。因此，来自液-液热交换器172的传热流体流过食品保鲜蓄冷器180，从食品保鲜蓄冷器180中的磁热材料(MCM)中接收额外的热量。传热流体通过食品保鲜工作流体回路140，将这些热量带到热端热交换器110。在热端热交换器110中，将传热流体中的热量释放到环境、机械室40和/或冷藏室30外部的其他位置。
传热流体从热端热交换器110流入热端贮存器160。在热端贮存器160内，由于在机械室40内放置热端贮存器160，食品保鲜工作流体回路140中的传热流体可将热量排出到环境、机械室40等中。因此，热端贮存器160可以辅助对返回到食品保鲜蓄冷器180的传热流体进行严格的温度控制。
通过食品保鲜工作流体回路140，传热流体从热端贮存器160返回到食品保鲜蓄冷器180。特别是，来自热端贮存器160的传热流体可以 流入食品保鲜蓄冷器180的第一热材料台182和第二热材料台184中在磁体186的磁场外部的一个。因此，来自热端贮存器160的传热流体流过食品保鲜蓄冷器180，将热量排出到食品保鲜蓄冷器180中的磁热材料(MCM)中。现在温度更低的传热流体流过食品保鲜工作流体回路140，然后流到食品保鲜冷端热交换器120，以从食品保鲜室14接收热量。然后，重复上述循环。
流过冷冻工作流体回路150的工作流体与以上针对食品保鲜工作流体回路140描述的内容类似。现在，将在以下进行更详细的描述。如在图3中可见，冷冻工作流体回路150连接冷冻冷端热交换器130、食品保鲜冷端贮存器170和冷冻蓄冷器190。因此，传热流体可以通过冷冻工作流体回路150，在冷冻冷端热交换器130、食品保鲜冷端贮存器170和冷冻蓄冷器190之间流动。具体而言，泵104可以促使冷冻工作流体回路150中的传热流体，在冷冻冷端热交换器130、食品保鲜冷端贮存器170和冷冻蓄冷器190之间流动，如下文更详细描述的。在图3中，冷冻工作流体回路150上设置的箭头用于指示传热流体流过冷冻工作流体回路150的方向。
如上所述，冷冻冷端热交换器130内的传热流体从冷冻室18中接收热量，从而冷却冷冻室14的内容物。因此，冷冻室18中的空气可以将热量排出到冷冻冷端热交换器130内的传热流体中。传热流体通过冷冻工作流体回路150从冷冻冷端热交换器130流出，然后流到冷冻蓄冷器190。具体而言，来自冷冻冷端热交换器130的传热流体可以流入冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194中处于磁体196的磁 场内的一个。因此，来自冷冻冷端热交换器130的传热流体流过冷冻蓄冷器190，从冷冻蓄冷器190中的磁热材料(MCM)中接收额外热量。传热流体通过冷冻工作流体回路150，将这些热量带到食品保鲜冷端贮存器170中。在食品保鲜冷端贮存器170中，由于在食品保鲜室14内放置食品保鲜冷端贮存器170，传热流体中的热量经由液-液热交换器172排出到食品保鲜工作流体回路140中的工作流体中，和/或排出到食品保鲜室14内的空气中。因此，食品保鲜冷端贮存器170可以辅助对返回到冷冻蓄冷器190的传热流体进行严格的温度控制。
然后，传热流体通过冷冻工作流体回路150从食品保鲜热贮存器170流出，然后流到冷冻蓄冷器190。具体而言，来自食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的传热流体可以流入冷冻蓄冷器190的第一热材料台192和第二热材料台194中在磁体196的磁场外部的一个。因此，来自食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的传热流体流过冷冻蓄冷器190，将热量排出到冷冻蓄冷器190中的磁热材料(MCM)中。现在温度更低的传热流体流过冷冻工作流体回路150，然后流到冷冻冷端热交换器130，以从冷冻室18接收热量。然后，重复上述循环。
仅通过示例提供传热流体在上述热泵系统100中的流动。也可以使用热泵系统100的其他构造。例如，在图3中，食品保鲜工作流体回路140和冷冻工作流体回路150的图示线提供热泵系统100各个部件之间的流体连通情况，但是也可以使用采用不同线条和连接的其他传热流体循环回路。但仍可使用热泵系统100的其他构造。
如上所述，热端贮存器160联接到食品保鲜工作流体回路140，并 位于冷藏室30外部(例如，在机械室40内)。热端贮存器160的大小设置成用于容纳食品保鲜工作流体回路140内一定量的传热流体。热端贮存器160内来自食品保鲜工作流体回路140的传热流体的体积可以辅助实现泄露弹性和系统简化。热端贮存器160的大小可以选择成用于提供此类益处。例如，热端贮存器160的大小可以设置成用于容纳不少于一百五十毫升(150mL)的传热流体。具体而言，热端贮存器160的大小可以设置成用于容纳不少于五百毫升(500mL)的传热流体。这种大小设置具有一定优势，例如，因为热端贮存器160内的传热流体可能会滞留在机械室40内，如此可以保持适当的温度，和/或提供合适的区域来捕获泄漏的流体。
热端贮存器160可以位于第一对分流阀142中一个或两个的下方。具体而言，热端贮存器160可以位于第一对分流阀142下方，以再次捕获从第一对分流阀142泄漏的传热流体。要辅助再次捕获泄漏，可将第一对分流阀142、热端贮存器160和/或食品保鲜蓄冷器180设置在密封壳164内(图2)。在某些示例实施例中，密封壳164的内表面可以形成贮存器160。
如上所述，食品保鲜冷端贮存器170联接到冷冻工作流体回路150，并位于食品保鲜室14内。食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的大小设置成用于容纳冷冻工作流体回路150内一定量的传热流体。食品保鲜冷端贮存器170内来自冷冻工作流体回路150的传热流体的体积可以辅助实现泄露弹性和系统简化。食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的大小可用于提供此类益处。例如，食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的大小可以设置成用于容纳不少于一百五 十毫升(150mL)的传热流体。具体而言，食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的大小可以设置成用于容纳不少于五百毫升(500mL)的传热流体。这种大小设置具有一定优势，例如，因为食品保鲜冷端贮存器170内的传热流体可能会滞留在食品保鲜室14内，如此可以保持适当的温度，和/或可以提供合适的区域来捕获泄漏的流体。
食品保鲜冷端贮存器170可以位于第二对分流阀152中的一个或两个的下方。具体而言，食品保鲜冷端贮存器170可以位于第二对分流阀152下方，以再次捕获从第二对分流阀152泄漏的传热流体。要辅助再次捕获泄漏，可将第二对分流阀152、食品保鲜冷端贮存器170和/或冷冻蓄冷器190设置在密封壳174内(图2)。在某些示例实施例中，密封壳174的内表面可以形成食品保鲜冷端贮存器170。
如图3所示，泵104可以连接到食品保鲜工作流体回路140和冷冻工作流体回路150。泵104可操作成使传热流体流过食品保鲜工作流体回路140，并使传热流体流过冷冻工作流体回路150。泵104可包括：第一活塞144，其联接到食品保鲜工作流体回路140；和第二活塞154，其联接到冷冻工作流体回路150。第一活塞144和第二活塞154可以连接到电动机102，使得第一活塞144和第二活塞154可以通过例如共用电动机驱动，并同步第一活塞144和第二活塞154的往复运动。在备选示例实施例中，第一活塞144和第二活塞154可以通过单独的电动机驱动，使得第一活塞144和第二活塞154独立地进行往复运动。第一活塞144可以位于连接到食品保鲜工作流体回路140的双作用缸146内，而第二活塞154可以位于连接到冷冻工作流体回路150的双作用缸156内。双 作用气缸146、156可以高效泵出传热流体，使其流过食品保鲜工作流体回路140和冷冻工作流体回路150。在备选示例实施例中，泵104可包括单作用缸或另外的容积泵设计。
图4是根据本发明的另一示例实施例的热泵系统200的示意图。热泵系统200可以在任何合适的电器(诸如制冷电器100)中使用，或与其搭配使用。因此，下面在制冷电器100的场景下对热泵系统200进行更详细的描述。热泵系统200包括许多与热泵系统100(图3)共同的部件，并以相同或相似方式运行。然而，热泵系统200包括下述附加部件。
如图4所示，热泵系统200包括：第一节流元件202，其联接到食品保鲜工作流体回路140；和第二节流元件204，其联接到冷冻工作流体回路150。第一节流元件202被构造成减弱传热流体在食品保鲜工作流体回路140中的压力和峰值流量。类似地，第二节流元件204可减弱传热流体在冷冻工作流体回路140中的压力和峰值流量。因此，例如，第一节流元件202和第二节流元件204可以弹性地移动或变形，以调节和缓和工作流体的流量曲线。例如，在不使用第一节流元件202和第二节流元件204的情况下，工作流体将会呈现小幅脉动性质。这样的脉动可能会破坏食品保鲜蓄冷器180和/或冷冻蓄冷器190中的热力学循环。第一节流元件202和第二节流元件204都可以是弹簧加载的活塞(如图4所示)、挠性管、挠性膜片等。
图5是根据本发明另一示例实施例的热泵系统300的示意图。热泵系统300可以在任何合适的电器(诸如制冷电器100)中使用，或与其搭配使用。因此，下面在制冷电器100的场景下对热泵系统300进行更 详细的描述。热泵系统300包括许多与热泵系统100(图3)和热泵系统200(图4)共同的部件，并以相同或相似方式运行。然而，热泵系统300包括下述附加部件。
如图5所示，热端贮存器160的托盘302在第一对分流阀142下方延伸，以回收来自第一对分流阀142的泄漏。类似地，食品保鲜冷端贮存器170的托盘304在第二对分流阀152下方延伸，以回收来自第二对分流阀142的泄漏。托盘302、304可使第一对分流阀142和第二对分流阀152允许出现小型泄漏，例如，使得与设计成不泄露的分流阀相比，第一对分流阀142和第二对分流阀152可以具有更低的摩擦损失(和更低的密封压力)。
热泵系统300还包括换向阀306。可致动换向阀306以使流过食品保鲜蓄冷器180和冷冻蓄冷器190的工作流体换向，以进行除霜。因此，换向阀306可以使热泵系统300能够以与上述相反的方式运行。
本书面描述使用示例来公开本发明(包括最佳方式)，可使本领域技术人员能够实践本发明，包括制造和使用任何设备或系统以及执行任何包含的方法。本发明可授予专利权的范围由权利要求限定，可包括本领域技术人员想到的其他示例。如果此类其他示例包括与权利要求字面语言并无区别的结构元件，或此类其他示例包括与权利要求字面语言没有实质区别的等效结构元件，责此类其他示例在权利要求的范围内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种制冷电器，包括：
    箱体，其限定出食品保鲜室和冷冻室；
    热端热交换器，其位于所述箱体的所述食品保鲜室和所述冷冻室的外部；
    食品保鲜冷端热交换器，其在所述箱体内且位于所述食品保鲜室中，所述食品保鲜室可被来自所述食品保鲜冷端热交换器的空气进行冷却；
    冷冻冷端热交换器，其在所述箱体内且位于所述冷冻室中，所述冷冻室可被来自所述冷冻冷端热交换器的空气进行冷却。
    食品保鲜蓄冷器，其包括第一热材料台和第二热材料台；
    冷冻蓄冷器，其包括第一热材料台和第二热材料台，所述冷冻蓄冷器的所述第一和第二热材料台与所述食品保鲜蓄冷器的所述第一和第二热材料台间隔开；
    食品保鲜工作流体回路，其联接所述热端热交换器、所述食品保鲜冷端热交换器和所述食品保鲜蓄冷器，使得第一工作流体可以经由所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，流过所述热端热交换器、所述食品保鲜冷端热交换器和所述食品保鲜蓄冷器；
    第一对分流阀，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，所述第一对分流阀可选择地改变所述第一工作流体流过所述食品保鲜蓄冷器的所述第一热材料台和所述第二热材料台的流动方向；
    热端贮存器，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，所述热端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳一定量的所述第一工作流体，所述热端贮存器位于所述箱体的所述食品保鲜室和所述冷冻室的外部，所述热端贮存器位于所述第一对分流阀中的一个或两个的下方；
    冷冻工作流体回路，其联接所述冷冻冷端热交换器和所述冷冻蓄冷器，使得第二工作流体可以经由所述冷冻工作流体回路，流过所述冷冻冷端热交换器和所述冷冻蓄冷器；和
    第二对分流阀，其联接到所述冷冻工作流体回路，所述第二对分流阀可选择地改变所述第二工作流体流过所述冷冻蓄冷器的所述第一热材料台和所述第二热材料台的流动方向；
    食品保鲜冷端贮存器，其联接到所述冷冻工作流体回路，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳一定量的所述第二工作流体，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器在所述箱体内位于所述食品保鲜室中，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器位于所述第二对分流阀中一个或两个的下方；和
    液-液热交换器，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，使得所述第一工作流体可流过所述液-液热交换器，所述液-液热交换器位于所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器中，如此将所述液-液热交换器构造成在所述液-液热交换器中的所述第一工作流体与所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器中的所述第二工作流体之间进行热交换。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，所述热端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳不少于一百五十毫升的所述第一工作流体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的制冷电器，所述热端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳不少于五百毫升的所述第一工作流体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的制冷电器，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳不少于一百五十毫升的所述第二工作流体。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的制冷电器，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器的大小设置成用于容纳不少于五百毫升的所述第二工作流体。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，所述热端贮存器位于所述第一对分流器阀二者的下方，使得所述热端贮存器可重新捕获从所述第一对分流器阀中泄漏的所述第一工作流体。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的制冷电器，所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器位于所述第二对分流阀二者的下方，使得所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器可重新捕获从所述第二对分流阀中泄漏的所述第二工作流体。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，所述液-液热交换器在所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器中浸入所述第二工作流体内。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，所述第一对分流阀和所述热端贮存器位于密封壳内。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，所述第二对分流阀和所述食品保鲜冷端贮存器位于密封壳内。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，还包括：泵，其连接到所述食 品保鲜工作流体回路和所述冷冻工作流体回路，所述泵可以被操作以使所述第一工作流体流过所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，并使所述第二工作流体流过所述冷冻工作流体回路。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的制冷电器，所述泵包括：第一活塞，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路；和第二活塞，其联接到所述冷冻工作流体回路。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的制冷电器，所述第一活塞位于双作用缸内。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的制冷电器，所述第二活塞位于双作用缸内。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，还包括：第一场发生器，第二场发生器和电动机，所述第一场发生器产生的场可选择地施加到所述食品保鲜蓄冷器的所述第一和第二热材料台，所述第二场发生器产生的场可选择地施加到所述冷冻蓄冷器的所述第一和第二热材料台，所述电动机可被操作以使所述第一场发生器与所述食品保鲜蓄冷器之间发生相对运动，还可以操作所述电动机以使所述第二场发生器和所述冷冻蓄冷器之间发生相对运动。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的制冷电器，所述电动机联接到所述第一对和第二对分流阀，使得可以操作所述电动机以致动所述第一对和第二对分流阀。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的制冷电器，还包括：泵，其连接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路和所述冷冻工作流体回路；所述泵可被操作以使所述第一工作流体流过所述食品保鲜工作流体回路，并使所述第二工作流体流过所述冷冻工作流体回路；所述电动机联接到所述泵，使得所述电动机可被操作以驱动所述泵。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的制冷电器，还包括：第一节流元件，其联接到所述食品保鲜工作流体回路；以及第二节流元件，其联接到所述冷冻工作流体回路；所述第一节流元件用于在所述食品保鲜工作流体回路中减弱所述第一工作流体的压力和峰值流量；所述第二节流元件用于在所述冷冻工作流体回路中减弱所述第二工作流体的压力和峰值流量。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的制冷电器，所述第一节流元件和所述第二节流元件均为弹簧加载式活塞、挠性管和挠性膜片中的一种。
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