WO2020246380A1 - 癌治療剤 - Google Patents
癌治療剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020246380A1 WO2020246380A1 PCT/JP2020/021318 JP2020021318W WO2020246380A1 WO 2020246380 A1 WO2020246380 A1 WO 2020246380A1 JP 2020021318 W JP2020021318 W JP 2020021318W WO 2020246380 A1 WO2020246380 A1 WO 2020246380A1
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- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/113—Non-coding nucleic acids modulating the expression of genes, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides; Antisense DNA or RNA; Triplex- forming oligonucleotides; Catalytic nucleic acids, e.g. ribozymes; Nucleic acids used in co-suppression or gene silencing
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
- A61K31/7105—Natural ribonucleic acids, i.e. containing only riboses attached to adenine, guanine, cytosine or uracil and having 3'-5' phosphodiester links
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
- A61K31/7088—Compounds having three or more nucleosides or nucleotides
- A61K31/713—Double-stranded nucleic acids or oligonucleotides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
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- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
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- C12N2310/141—MicroRNAs, miRNAs
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- C12N2320/00—Applications; Uses
- C12N2320/30—Special therapeutic applications
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cancer therapeutic agent. More specifically, the present invention relates to a cancer therapeutic agent that has an excellent antitumor effect and can also reduce the stem cell property of cancer stem cells.
- MiRNA is a small RNA consisting of 18 to 24 nucleotides that is widely present in eukaryotes, and the existence of thousands of miRNAs has been clarified in humans. miRNAs are short RNAs that are endogenously expressed, first reported in 1993. RNA with a loop structure called pri-miRNA is transcribed from DNA. The loop is enzymatically cleaved to make a pre-miRNA. This pre-miRNA is transported to the outside of the nucleus, and a miRNA sequence of about 20 to 25 bases is excised by Dicer.
- RNA-induced silencing complex RISC
- Argonoute protein RNA-induced silencing complex
- miRNA-RISC complex binds to the 3'UTR of mRNA for gene expression.
- Suppress Since the binding between miRNA and mRNA is incomplete, the number of target genes is not limited to one, and it is an important feature that multiple genes can be targeted and regulated.
- miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of gene expression in vivo, and it has been clarified that abnormalities in the control system of miRNAs are involved in the causes and progression of many diseases. In particular, various miRNAs that are related to the onset and progression of cancer have been elucidated, and are attracting attention as a leader in nucleic acid drugs for cancer treatment.
- cancer cells have the characteristic of having self-proliferating ability and being able to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant tissues.
- cancer stem cells exhibit undifferentiated surface traits, have self-renewal ability and pluripotency, and have the property of producing all cancer cells at various stages of differentiation that make up cancer tissue. .. That is, it is considered that cancer stem cells are the source of producing a large number of cancer cells by differentiation while maintaining the same cells as themselves by self-renewal in cancer tissues. Therefore, it is considered that targeting the cancer stem cells themselves as a therapeutic target leads to the eradication of cancer.
- KLF5 is a member of the KLF family, which is a zinc finger transcription factor.
- KLF5 is strongly expressed in the crypts in the normal intestinal tract, it has been shown to be widely expressed in the cancerous region and promote the growth of cancer cells by enhancing Wnt / Catnb signaling (non-patented). Document 1). It has also been reported that tumors are not formed when Klf5 is deficient in Lgr5-positive cells and mice (Non-Patent Document 1).
- KLF5 is a necessary element for canceration, and it has been suggested that it is related to cancer stem cells, but conventionally, no miRNA that can bind to KLF5 and is effective in treating cancer has been found. Further, as shown in Test Example 2, there are many miRNAs that can bind to KLF5 but do not show a growth inhibitory effect on cancer cells. Under such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a nucleic acid drug for cancer treatment that enables effective treatment of cancer.
- miR-4711-5p As a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors not only bind miR-4711-5p to KLF5 mRNA involved in canceration, but also change the cell cycle from G1 phase to S phase. It was found that it also has the property of binding to TFDP1 mRNA, which is important for migration. Furthermore, it was confirmed that miR-4711-5p suppresses the expression of MDM2, which suppresses p53, which is important for cell apoptosis and cell cycle control. miR-4711-5p can suppress the expression of KLF5, TFDP1, and MEM2, which effectively suppresses the growth, infiltration, and migration of cancer cells, keeps the cells in the G1 phase, and also apoptotic cancer cells. It was found that it can induce. It was also found that miR-4711-5p has an effect of lowering the stem cell property of cancer stem cells and is effective in suppressing the growth of cancer stem cells. The present invention has been completed by further studies based on these findings.
- Item 1 A cancer therapeutic agent containing miR-4711-5p as an active ingredient.
- Item 2. Item 3. The cancer therapeutic agent according to Item 1, wherein miR-4711-5p is a mature miRNA, pri-miRNA, or pre-miRNA.
- Item 3. Item 3.
- Item 4. A cancer stem cell growth inhibitor containing miR-4711-5p as an active ingredient.
- Item 5. Use of miR-4711-5p for the manufacture of therapeutic agents for cancer.
- Item 6. MiR-4711-5p, used in treatment for the treatment of cancer.
- a method for treating cancer by administering a therapeutically effective amount of miR-4711-5p to a cancer patient.
- the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention binds not only to KLF5 mRNA involved in cancer stem cells, but also to TFDP1 required to shift the cell cycle from G1 phase to S phase and MDM2 mRNA that suppresses p53. Therefore, it has an excellent antitumor effect, suppresses the growth, infiltration, and migration of cancer cells, and can effectively induce the apoptosis of cancer cells. Further, since the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention can reduce the stem cell property of cancer stem cells, it is possible to suppress the growth of cancer stem cells, and it is extremely highly clinically useful as a nucleic acid drug for cancer treatment.
- Proteins involved in the regulation of G1 / S phase checkpoints in miR-4711-5p-transfected colon cancer cell lines (DLD-1 and HCT116) (TFDP1, E2F1, Rb, CCNE, CDK2, p53, p21, It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the expression level of p27, CCND1, CDK2, CDK6, and MDM2) and ⁇ -actin (ACTB) at a protein level. It is a figure which shows the result of having confirmed the binding of miR-4711-5p and TFDP1 by the dual luciferase assay.
- DLD-1 and HCT116 Proteins involved in the regulation of G1 / S phase checkpoints in miR-4711-5p-transfected colon cancer cell lines (DLD-1 and HCT116) (TFDP1, E2F1, Rb, CCNE, CDK2, p53, p21, It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the expression level of p27, CC
- mouse subcutaneous solid tumor model (colorectal cancer cell line DLD-1), it is a figure which shows the result of observing each tissue excised from a mouse on the 14th day by staining with hematoxylin and eosin. It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the amount of miR-4711-5p in a tumor in a mouse subcutaneous solid tumor model (colorectal cancer cell line DLD-1). It is a figure which shows the result of having measured the mRNA amount of KLF5, TFDP1, MDM2, and ACTB in a mouse in a mouse subcutaneous solid tumor model (colorectal cancer cell line DLD-1).
- the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention is characterized by containing miR-4711-5p as an active ingredient.
- miR-4711-5p as an active ingredient.
- miR-4711-5p is used as an active ingredient.
- miR-4711-5p is a human-derived miRNA, and its nucleotide sequence is 5'-UGCAUCAGGCCAGAAGACAUGAG-3'(SEQ ID NO: 1) if it is a mature miRNA (mature-miRNA).
- miR-4711-5p used as an active ingredient may be a mature miRNA, or a hairpin-type precursor miRNA (pri-miRNA) or a part of pri-miRNA. It may be a cleaved pre-miRNA.
- the pri-miRNA and pre-miRNA are processed intracellularly to become mature miRNAs.
- each of the miRNAs may form a double-stranded precursor composed of RNA having a complementary base sequence. The double-stranded precursor releases the mature miRNA by breaking the double strand in the cancer cell.
- a polynucleotide consisting of the base sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 may be set to be generated as a mature miRNA, and such a base sequence may be obtained by a person skilled in the art. Can be set as appropriate for.
- the miRNA used as an active ingredient may be subjected to various modifications generally applied to nucleic acids, if necessary, in order to impart degradation resistance to the enzyme.
- modifications include modification of the sugar chain moiety such as 2'-O methylation; modification of the base moiety; modification of the phosphoric acid moiety such as amination, lower alkyl amination, and acetylation.
- the cancer type to which the cancer therapeutic agent for cancer stem cells of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, but for example, colon cancer, esophageal cancer, colon cancer, gastric cancer, rectal cancer, liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, lung cancer, breast cancer, and the like.
- Solid cancers such as bladder cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, kidney cancer, brain tumor, head and neck cancer, bile duct cancer, bile sac cancer, oral cancer; and hematological cancers such as leukemia and malignant lymphoma.
- solid cancer is preferable, and colon cancer is more preferable.
- the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention can suppress the growth of cancer stem cells, an effective therapeutic effect can be observed even for cancers for which chemotherapy has not been effective. Therefore, the cancer of the cancer stem cells of the present invention
- One aspect of the application target of the therapeutic agent is cancer for which chemotherapy has not been effective.
- the method for administering the therapeutic agent for cancer of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as miR-4711-5p can be delivered to the tissue or cell of the cancer in vivo, and is, for example, intravascular (intravenous or intravenous) injection. , Continuous infusion, subcutaneous administration, local administration, intramuscular administration, intraperitoneal administration and the like. Among these, intraarteriovenous administration is preferable.
- the dose of the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention is appropriately determined according to the type of cancer stem cells to be applied, the sex, age, symptoms, etc. of the patient, and therefore cannot be unconditionally determined.
- miR -4711-5p of mature miRNA amount is about 1 to 100 mg / m 2 (body surface area) per day.
- the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention exerts a cancer therapeutic effect by delivering miR-4711-5p into cancer stem cells and expressing its function. Therefore, the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention contains miR-4711-5p in cancer cells. It is desirable that it is formulated with a miRNA-introducing agent so that it can be easily delivered to.
- the miRNA-introducing agent is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, any of carbonate apatite particles, lipofectamine, oligofectamine, RNAifect and the like. Among these miRNA-introducing agents, carbonic acid apatite particles can be accumulated in cancer cells in vivo to efficiently transfer miR-4711-5p into cancer cells, and thus the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention.
- miR-4711-5p exists in a mixed state with carbonate apatite particles, or miR-4711-5p exists in a composite particle state in which miR-4711-5p is composited (encapsulated) with carbonate apatite particles. Can be mentioned.
- Carbonated apatite has a structure in which some of the hydroxyl groups of hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ) is replaced with CO 3 , and the general formula Ca 10-m X m (PO 4 ) 6 ( CO 3 ) A compound represented by 1-n Y n .
- X is an element that can partially replace Ca in carbonate apatite, and examples thereof include Sr, Mn, and rare earth elements.
- m is usually a positive number of 0 or more and 1 or less, preferably 0 or more and 0.1 or less, more preferably 0 or more and 0.01 or less, and further preferably 0 or more and 0.001 or less.
- Y is a group or element capable of partially substituting CO 3 in carbonate apatite, and examples thereof include OH, F, and Cl.
- n is usually a positive number of 0 or more and 0.1 or less, preferably 0 or more and 0.01 or less, more preferably 0 or more and 0.001 or less, and further preferably 0 or more and 0.0001 or less.
- the average particle size of the carbonate apatite particles used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is large enough to be administered in vivo and transferred into cells. Specifically, the average particle size of the carbonate apatite particles used in the present invention is usually more than 30 nm, preferably 30 to 3000 nm, more preferably 30 to 2000 nm, and particularly preferably 30 to 1500 nm.
- the average particle size of the carbonate apatite is a value measured by dynamic light scattering particle measurement (DLS). If there are large particles (eg, particle size 5 ⁇ m or larger) that are not suitable for measurement using DLS, they are removed from the measurement range. Further, in the present specification, the particle size means the particle size of an independent particle that can be recognized as a separate particle when measured with a scanning probe microscope. Therefore, when a plurality of particles are agglomerated, the aggregate thereof is determined to be one particle.
- DLS dynamic light scattering particle measurement
- Carbonated apatite particles can be obtained according to a known method. For example, it can be obtained by preparing by coexisting calcium ion, phosphate ion and hydrogen carbonate ion in an aqueous solution.
- concentration of each ion in the aqueous solution is not particularly limited as long as the carbonate apatite particles are formed, and can be appropriately set with reference to the following.
- the calcium ion concentration in the aqueous solution is usually 0.1 to 1000 mM, preferably 0.5 to 100 mM, and more preferably 1 to 10 mM.
- the phosphate ion concentration in the aqueous solution is usually 0.1 to 1000 mM, preferably 0.5 to 100 mM, and more preferably 1 to 10 mM.
- the hydrogen carbonate ion concentration in the aqueous solution is usually 1.0 to 10000 mM, preferably 5 to 1000 mM, and more preferably 10 to 100 mM.
- the source of calcium ion, phosphate ion and hydrogen carbonate ion is not particularly limited as long as these ions can be supplied into the aqueous solution, and examples thereof include water-soluble salts of these ions.
- the CaCl 2 that can be used as a source of calcium ions NaH 2 PO 4 ⁇ 2H 2 O can be used as the phosphate ion source can be used NaHCO 3 as carbonate ion source.
- the aqueous solution for preparing the carbonate apatite particles may contain components other than the above-mentioned ion sources and other substances as long as the carbonate apatite particles are formed.
- Ca or CO 3 in carbonate apatite may be partially replaced by adding fluorine ions, chlorine ions, Sr, Mn, etc. to the above composition in an aqueous solution.
- the amount of fluorine ion, chlorine ion, Sr, and Mn added is preferably within a range that does not significantly affect the pH solubility and particle size range of the complex particles to be formed.
- water may be used as a base, but various media for cell culture, a buffer, or the like may be used.
- the mixing order of each ion source and other substances in the aqueous solution is not particularly limited, and the aqueous solution is in any mixing order as long as the desired carbonate apatite particles can be obtained.
- a first solution containing calcium ions and other substances is prepared, and a second solution containing phosphate ions and hydrogen carbonate ions is separately prepared, and the first solution and the second solution are prepared.
- Carbonated apatite particles can be obtained by adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution containing each of the above ions to the range of 6.0 to 9.0 and leaving (incubating) for a certain period of time.
- the pH of the aqueous solution for forming the carbonate apatite particles is, for example, 6.5 to 9.0, preferably 6.7 to 8.8, more preferably 6.7 to 8.6, still more preferably 6.8 to 8.5, particularly preferably 7.0 to 8.5, and most preferably.
- the temperature condition of the aqueous solution when forming the carbonate apatite particles is not particularly limited as long as the carbonate apatite particles are formed, but is usually 0 ° C. or higher, and examples thereof include 4 ° C. or higher or 37 ° C.
- the incubation time of the aqueous solution for forming the carbonate apatite particles is not particularly limited as long as the carbonate apatite particles are formed, but is usually 1 minute to 24 hours, preferably 5 minutes to 1 hour.
- the presence or absence of particle formation can be confirmed, for example, by observing under a microscope.
- the method for controlling the average particle size of the carbonate apatite particles within the above range is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method of adding a dispersant during the production process of the carbonate apatite particles or after the production of the carbonate apatite particles.
- the type of dispersant is not particularly limited as long as the carbonate apatite particles can be dispersed, and any dispersant generally added to a pharmaceutical product may be used, and albumin is an example.
- the dispersant may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the concentration of the dispersant in the aqueous solution containing the carbonate apatite particles is not particularly limited as long as the effects of miniaturization and / or suppression of reaggregation can be obtained, but for example, 0.1 to 500 mg / ml, preferably 1 to 100 mg / ml. , More preferably about 1 to 10 mg / ml; or about 0.001 to 10% by weight.
- the particle size control method there is a method of ultrasonically vibrating the carbonate apatite particles formed in the above-mentioned aqueous solution.
- the ultrasonic vibration treatment is a process in which an ultrasonic vibrator such as an ultrasonic crusher is brought into direct contact with a sample to apply ultrasonic waves; an ultrasonic wave equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator and a water tank (cleaning tank).
- a liquid for example, water
- a container for example, a plastic tube
- carbonic acid apatite particles is floated therein, and an aqueous solution containing carbonate apatite particles is superposed through the liquid.
- Examples include the process of applying ultrasonic waves.
- the conditions of the ultrasonic vibration treatment are not particularly limited as long as the particle size can be controlled within a predetermined range.
- aquarium temperature for example 5 to 45 ° C, preferably 10 to 35 ° C, more preferably 20 to 30 ° C.
- High frequency output For example, 10 to 500 W, preferably 20 to 400 W, more preferably 30 to 300 W, and more preferably 40 to 100 W.
- Oscillation frequency For example, 10 to 60 Hz, preferably 20 to 50 Hz, and more preferably 30 to 40 Hz.
- Processing time For example, 30 seconds to 30 minutes, preferably 1 to 20 minutes, more preferably 3 to 10 minutes.
- the type of container containing carbonic acid apatite particles used for ultrasonic vibration treatment is not limited as long as the particles can be refined within a predetermined particle size range, and depends on the volume of the aqueous solution and the purpose of use. Can be selected as appropriate. For example, a plastic tube having a capacity of 1 to 1000 ml can be used.
- the ultrasonic vibration treatment is performed in the presence of a dispersant (that is, the dispersant is added to an aqueous solution containing carbonic acid apatite particles).
- a dispersant that is, the dispersant is added to an aqueous solution containing carbonic acid apatite particles.
- composite particles in which miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles are composited are used.
- miR-4711-5p is accumulated in cancer cells in vivo by the action of carbonated apatite, and miR-4711-5p is incorporated into cancer cells. It becomes possible to introduce it efficiently.
- miR-4711-5p can be released from the carbonate apatite particles inside the cell after being introduced into the cell, the antitumor effect of miR-4711-5p can be efficiently exerted.
- the composite particle of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles refers to a state in which miR-4711-5p is adsorbed and supported on the carbonate apatite particles by ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, or the like.
- the method for forming a composite particle of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles is not particularly limited, but for example, a method of forming miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles by coexisting in an aqueous solution; By coexisting miR-4711-5p together with calcium ion, phosphate ion and hydrogen carbonate ion in the prepared aqueous solution, carbonic acid apatite particles are formed and miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles are compounded at the same time.
- the method and the like can be mentioned.
- miR-4711-5p When the composite particles of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles are formed at the same time, the formation of carbonate apatite particles and the composite of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles are performed in the aqueous solution used for the preparation of carbonate apatite.
- miR-4711-5p may be added so as to be, for example, 0.1 to 1000 nM, preferably 0.5 to 500 nM, and more preferably 1 to 200 nM.
- the ratio of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the dose of miR-4711-5p and the like.
- the ratio of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles is not particularly limited, and may be appropriately set according to the dose of miR-4711-5p and the like.
- 5 mg of miR-4711-5p is added to 2.5 L of the aqueous solution for preparing the carbonated apatite particles described above to obtain the carbonated apatite particles.
- the formation and compounding of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles may be performed at the same time.
- miR-4711-5p complexed with carbonic acid apatite particles when used, it is used in a state of being dispersed in a solvent suitable for administration to a living body.
- carbonate apatite particles are obtained by dissolving various ion supply substances in a solvent such as water, a medium, or a buffer, and the carbonate apatite particle dispersion solution thus obtained is obtained. From the viewpoint of osmotic pressure, buffering capacity, sterility, etc., it is not always suitable for administration to a living body (intravascular administration).
- the carbonate apatite particles are usually separated from the solvent by centrifuge and recovered.
- An operation to replace the solvent is required.
- the carbonic acid apatite particles aggregate with each other and the particles become enormous, so that the state is changed to a state unsuitable for administration to a living body.
- the composite particles of miR-4711-5p and the carbonate apatite particles are transferred to the living body. It can be dispersed in a solvent suitable for administration with an appropriate particle size (average particle size in the above-mentioned range).
- the administration of the cancer therapeutic agent of the present invention uses the composite particles of miR-4711-5p and carbonate apatite particles. It is desirable that the particles are dispersed in the state of fine particles by ultrasonic vibration treatment and then promptly performed before the particles aggregate. For example, administration within 1 minute, preferably within 30 seconds after the ultrasonic vibration treatment is preferable. However, as described above, when the aggregation of carbonic acid apatite particles is suppressed by adding albumin, it can be administered several minutes to several tens of minutes after the ultrasonic vibration treatment.
- the present invention further contains miR-4711-5p as an active ingredient. Provided is an agent for suppressing the growth of cancer stem cells.
- the cancer stem cell growth inhibitor of the present invention is a nucleic acid drug used for suppressing the growth of cancer stem cells, and the active ingredient to be used, the cancer type to be applied, the administration method, the formulation and the like are described above. This is the same as in the case of "1. Cancer therapeutic agent”.
- Test Example 1 Extraction of candidate miRNAs Two databases, miRBase and Target Scan, were used to extract miRNAs that may bind to KLF5. Among the extracted miRNAs, those related to any of Wnt / ⁇ -catenin signal, Wnt / Ca + signal, and Notch signal were extracted. As a result, 29 types of miRNAs were extracted from miRBase, and 31 types of miRNAs were extracted from Target Scan. Since there were 16 types of miRNAs extracted by miRBase and those extracted by Target Scan that overlapped, a total of 44 types of miRNAs were extracted. Of the 44 types of miRNAs, 3 types of miRNAs had already been functionally analyzed, so 41 types of miRNAs were selected as candidates by excluding them.
- Test Example 2 Screening of miRNA A growth test of a colorectal cancer cell line was performed using the 41 types of candidate miRNAs extracted above. Specifically, first, three colorectal cancer cell lines DLD-1, HCT116, and HT29 were seeded in each well of a 96-well plate so as to be 5000 cells / well, and cultured overnight, and then Lipofectamine. Transfection was performed using 2000 (Invitrogen) with candidate miRNAs or negative control miRNAs (NC, 5'-AUCCGCGCGAUAGUACGUA-3', SEQ ID NO: 2). 72 hours after transfection, cell viability (%) was measured by GloMax-Multi + Detection System (Promega) using cell counting kit-8 (Dojin Chemical Laboratory).
- the No. 20 candidate miRNA is miR-4711-5p.
- miR-4711-5p has an excellent effect of suppressing the growth of colorectal cancer cell lines.
- Test Example 3 Analysis of the effect of miR-4711-5p on the expression level of KLF5 at the mRNA level
- two colorectal cancer cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT116 were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to be 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and after overnight culture, Lipofectamine 2000 ( Invitrogen) was used for transfection with miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2).
- NC negative control miRNA
- Test Example 4 Analysis of the effect of miR-4711-5p on the expression level of KLF5 at the protein level The effect of miR-4711-5p on the expression level of KLF5 at the protein level was analyzed. Specifically, two colorectal cancer cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT116, were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to have a concentration of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and after overnight culture, Lipofectamine 2000 ( Invitrogen) was used for transfection with miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2). Cells were harvested 48 hours after transfection, all intracellular proteins were extracted, and the expression level of KLF5 at the protein level was measured by Western blotting.
- DLD-1 and HCT116 two colorectal cancer cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT116, were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to have a concentration of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and after overnight culture, Lipofectamine 2000
- Test Example 5 Confirmation of binding of miR-4711-5p and KLF5
- pmirGLO Analysis was performed using Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector (Promega).
- binding site 1 KLF5 3'UTR position 1186-1208, 5'-AAUAGUAAUGUGAUGCUGAUGCU-3'(SEQ ID NO: 3)
- miR are expected to be strongly bound by miR-4711-5p.
- FBS fetal bovine serum
- Test Example 6 Cell Proliferation Test Using miR-4711-5p, a cell proliferation test of a colorectal cancer cell line was performed. Specifically, first, two colorectal cancer cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT116, were seeded in each well of a 96-well plate so as to be 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / well, and cultured overnight, and then Lipofectamine. 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to transfect miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2). At 24, 48, and 72 hours after transfection, cell viability was measured with the GloMax-Multi + Detection System (Promega) using a cell counting kit-8 (Dojin Chemical Laboratory).
- Test Example 7 Infiltration assay Using miR-4711-5p, an infiltration assay for colorectal cancer cell lines was performed. Specifically, first, two colorectal cancer cell lines of DLD-1 and HCT116 were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to be 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and cultured overnight, and then Lipofectamine. 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to transfect miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2). Twenty-four hours after transfection, cells were seeded in BD BioCoat Matrigel Invasion Chambers (BD biosciences) and cultured for 48 hours. Next, nuclear staining was performed with henatoxylin, and the number of infiltrated cells was counted.
- BD BioCoat Matrigel Invasion Chambers BD biosciences
- Test Example 8 Evaluation of migration ability Using miR-4711-5p, the migration ability of colorectal cancer cell lines was evaluated by a wound healing assay. Specifically, first, an insert (ibidi Culture Insert 2 Well (ibidi)) is set in a 24-well plate, and two colon cancer cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT116, are placed in each well, 3.5 ⁇ 10 5 to 4.0 ⁇ , respectively. The seeds were sown at 10 5 cells / well and cultured for 24 hours. The inserts were then removed to create a wound and continued culturing, and the wound area was measured 24, 48 and 72 hours after the insert was removed.
- an insert ibidi Culture Insert 2 Well (ibidi)
- two colon cancer cell lines DLD-1 and HCT116
- Test Example 9 Apoptosis Assay Using miR-4711-5p, an apoptosis assay for colorectal cancer cell lines was performed. Specifically, first, two colorectal cancer cell lines of DLD-1 and HCT116 were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to be 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and cultured overnight, and then Lipofectamine. 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to transfect miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2).
- NC negative control miRNA
- FIG. 8 The results of measuring the proportion of cells stained with Annexin V (that is, cells undergoing apoptosis) are shown in FIG. 8, and the results of measuring the expression levels of p53, survivin, cPARP, cCaspase3, and ACBT are shown in FIG. Shown. As a result, it was found that in the colon cancer cell line transfected with miR-4711-5p, the number of cells stained with Annexin V increased, and apoptosis was strongly induced.
- transfection with miR-4711-5p enhances the expression of p53, decreases the expression level of the anti-apoptotic protein survivalin, and cPARP, which is an apoptotic protein. And the expression level of cCaspase3 was increased.
- DLD-1 which has a mutant p53
- transfection with miR-4711-5p reduced the expression of survival and increased the expression level of cCaspase3. That is, from these results, it was clarified that transfection of miR-4711-5p induces apoptosis of colorectal cancer cell lines.
- Test Example 10 Analysis of Stem Cell Marker Expression Level The effect of miR-4711-5p on the stem cell marker expression level of colorectal cancer cell lines was analyzed. Specifically, first, two colorectal cancer cell lines of DLD-1 and HCT116 were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to be 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and cultured overnight, and then Lipofectamine. 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to transfect miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2).
- FIG. 10 shows the results of measuring the mRNA amounts of KLF5, CD44v9, LGR5, BMI1, and LRIG1
- FIG. 11 shows the results of measuring the amount of CD44v9 on the surface of DLD-1 by FACS.
- transfection of miR-4711-5p suppressed the expression of the stem cell markers CD44v9, LGR5, and BMI1 in DLD-1, and in HCT116, the stem cell markers CD44v9 and BMI1. The expression was suppressed.
- transfection of miR-4711-5p reduced CD44v9 present on the cell surface of DLD-1. From the above results, the expression of stem cell markers is suppressed in colorectal cancer cell lines transfected with miR-4711-5p, and miR-4711-5p has the effect of reducing the stem cell nature of cancer stem cells. Became clear.
- Test Example 11 Measurement of reactive oxygen species activity
- DLD-1 was seeded on a 6-well plate so as to have a concentration of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and after culturing overnight, miR-4711-5p or miR-4711-5p or using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) was used.
- Negative control miRNAs were transfected. Cells were harvested 24 hours after transfection, stained with CellROX Deep Red (thermos fisher scientific), and ROS activity was measured by FACS.
- the results are shown in FIG.
- the ROS activity shown in the right figure of FIG. 12 is the ratio of cells judged to have high ROS activity.
- the high and low cut-off values were determined using cells not exposed to the Cell ROX reagent. As a result, it was confirmed that in the colorectal cancer cell lines transfected with miR-4711-5p, the proportion of cells with high ROS activity increased, and that miR-4711-5p decreased stem cell properties. ..
- Test Example 12 Analysis of sphere-forming ability The effect of miR-4711-5p on the sphere-forming ability of colorectal cancer cell lines was analyzed. Specifically, first, two colorectal cancer cell lines of DLD-1 and HCT116 were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to be 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and cultured overnight, and then Lipofectamine. 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to transfect miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2). Twenty-four hours after transfection, cells were harvested and seeded in 96-well ultra-low attachment plates (Corning Inc., USA) at 1 ⁇ 10 3 cells / well with the cells not agglutinating.
- NC negative control miRNA
- the cells were cultured for 1 week.
- serum-free DMEM / F-12 medium containing EGF 20 ng / ml, bFGF 10 ng / ml, and penicillin G 100 ⁇ g / ml was used for the culture.
- Test Example 13 IPA analysis Ingenuity Pathways Analysis (IPA) was performed on colorectal cancer cell lines transfected with miR-4711-5p using the results of next-generation sequencing. Specifically, first, DLD-1 was seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to have a concentration of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and after culturing overnight, miR-4711 was used using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen). -5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2) was transfected. Cells were harvested 36 hours after transfection and total RNA was extracted with the miRNeasy Kit (Applied Biosystems). Next, a library was prepared using the obtained total RNA, and then the next-generation sequence analysis of the library was performed. Then, using the results of the next-generation sequence, Ingenuity Pathways Analysis was performed.
- IPA Ingenuity Pathways Analysis
- Test Example 14 Cell Cycle Assay The results of Test Example 13 suggest that miR-4711-5p suppresses the transition from G1 to S in the cell cycle, so miR-4711-5p is a colon cancer.
- the effect of cell lines on the cell cycle was analyzed in detail. Specifically, first, DLD-1 was seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to have a concentration of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and cultured overnight using D-MEM medium containing 10% FBS. The medium was then replaced with FBS-free D-MEM medium and cultured for 24 hours, followed by transfection of miR-4711-5p or negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2) using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen). I was excited. Twenty-four hours after transfection, the medium was replaced with D-MEM medium containing 10% FBS. After culturing for 8 hours, cells were collected and subjected to cell cycle assay. The methods for cell recovery and cell cycle assay are as follows.
- the cells in the well were washed with PBS and treated with Trypsin-EDTA to release the cells. Then, the cells were suspended and collected in D-MEM medium containing 10% FBS, placed in a 15 ml tube, centrifuged, and the supernatant was removed. Then, PBS was added and centrifugation was performed again. Then, the supernatant was removed, and 200 ⁇ l of a cold 70% ethanol aqueous solution was added dropwise little by little with stirring. Then, the stirring was stopped, 300 ⁇ l of a cold 70% ethanol aqueous solution was added along the wall surface of the container, and the mixture was ice-cooled for 30 minutes.
- the cells were washed with PBS and centrifuged again. After centrifugation, the supernatant was removed, 500 ⁇ l of 0.1 mg / ml RNase was added, and the mixture was incubated at 37 ° C. for 20 minutes. After incubation, centrifugation was performed to remove the supernatant, and then 200 ⁇ l of 25 ⁇ g / ml propidium iodide was added and incubated for 20 minutes. Next, 300 ⁇ l of FACSflow sheath solution was added, passed through a cell strainer, and analyzed by FACS.
- Test Example 15 Measurement of protein expression level involved in G1 / S phase control checkpoint miR-4711-5p was analyzed for its effect on protein expression level involved in G1 phase / S phase control point control. Specifically, two colorectal cancer cell lines, DLD-1 and HCT116, were seeded in each well of a 6-well plate so as to have a concentration of 1.0 ⁇ 10 5 cells / well, and after overnight culture, Lipofectamine 2000 ( Invitrogen) was used for transfection with miR-4711-5p or a negative control microRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2).
- N negative control microRNA
- Test Example 16 Confirmation of binding of miR-4711-5p and TFDP1 Target Scan suggested that TFDP1 has a binding region of miR-4711-5p. Therefore, in order to confirm whether miR-4711-5p binds to TFDP1 in colorectal cancer cell lines transfected with miR-4711-5p, pmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector (Promega) was used. Analysis was carried out. First, target scan was used to identify binding sites (TFDP1 3'UTR position 191-213, 5'-UUUGAUACCAGUGUGCUGAUGCA-3'(SEQ ID NO: 6)) that were predicted to bind by miR-4711-5p. A DNA molecule (insert) containing the binding site was created, and the insert was inserted into the multi-cloning site of pmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector.
- DLD-1 was seeded in each well of the 96-well plate so as to be 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / well, cultured in D-MEM medium containing 10% FBS (fetal bovine serum) for 12 hours, and then the medium was prepared. The medium was replaced with serum-free Opti-MEM medium, and Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to co-transfect miR-4711-5p or a plasmid in which a negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2) and an insert were inserted. Eight hours after transfection, the medium was replaced with D-MEM medium containing 10% FBS, and after further culturing for 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured according to the product protocol.
- FBS fetal bovine serum
- Test Example 17 Confirmation of binding between miR-4711-5p and MDM2 Target Scan suggested that MDM2 has a binding region of miR-4711-5p. Therefore, in order to confirm whether miR-4711-5p binds to MDM2 in colorectal cancer cell lines transfected with miR-4711-5p, pmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector (Promega) was used. Analysis was carried out. First, target scan was used to identify binding sites (MDM2 3'UTR position 2315-2337, 5'-UAUGGAAUAAAACUACUGAUGCA-3'(SEQ ID NO: 7)) that were predicted to bind by miR-4711-5p. A DNA molecule (insert) containing the binding site was created, and the insert was inserted into the multi-cloning site of pmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector.
- DLD-1 was seeded in each well of the 96-well plate so as to be 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / well, cultured in D-MEM medium containing 10% FBS (fetal bovine serum) for 12 hours, and then the medium was prepared. The medium was replaced with serum-free Opti-MEM medium, and Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen) was used to co-transfect miR-4711-5p or a plasmid in which a negative control miRNA (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2) and an insert were inserted. Eight hours after transfection, the medium was replaced with D-MEM medium containing 10% FBS, and after further culturing for 24 hours, luciferase activity was measured according to the product protocol.
- FBS fetal bovine serum
- Test Example 18 Evaluation of antitumor effect and safety of miR-4711-5p in a mouse subcutaneous solid tumor model 1.
- the pH was adjusted to 7.5 with 1N HCl. This was filtered through a filter having a diameter of 0.2 ⁇ m. 2 ⁇ g of miRNA and 4 ⁇ l of CaCl 2 (1M) were mixed per 1 ml of the obtained buffer and incubated in a water bath at 37 ° C.
- the obtained dispersion was subjected to ultrasonic vibration treatment for 10 minutes.
- a water bath having an ultrasonic vibration function is used, and the dispersion liquid contained in a plastic container is floated in water set at 20 ° C. under the conditions of a high frequency output of 55 W and an oscillation frequency of 38 kHz. I went for a minute.
- the resulting formulation was immediately used in the tests described below.
- the dispersion liquid of the ultrasonic vibration treatment contains composite particles composed of carbonate apatite nanoparticles containing miRNA, and the composite particles contain about 20 ⁇ g of miRNA per 1 mg of carbonate apatite. Has been confirmed.
- mice were randomly assigned to 5 miR-4711-5p (miR-4711-5p), 5 negative control, and untreated mice. (Parent) Divided into 3 groups of 4 animals.
- the time when the tumor reached a size of about 20 mm 3 was defined as the 0th day, and the 0th day, the 2nd day, the 4th day, the 7th day, the 9th day, and the 11th day.
- carbonate apatite nanoparticles containing iR-4711-5p were intravenously injected from the tail vein so that the amount of miR-4711-5p was 40 ⁇ g / dose.
- carbonate apatite nanoparticles containing the control miRNA (SEQ ID NO: 2) were intravenously injected from the tail vein at the same schedule and dose as in the miR-4711-5p administration group.
- the result of measuring the tumor size over time is shown in FIG. 19, and the result of observing the tumor removed from the mouse on the 14th day is shown in FIG. As a result, the tumor size was significantly smaller in the miR-4711-5p-administered group than in the negative control group and the untreated group.
- FIG. 21 shows the results of measuring the body weight of the mouse over time. As a result, it was confirmed that there was no significant difference in body weight among the three groups and that there were no side effects due to miR-4711-5p.
- mice were removed from the mice and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and the results are shown in FIG. From the results of hematoxylin and eosin staining of each tissue, no side effects due to miR-4711-5p were observed.
- Test Example 19 Evaluation of antitumor effect of miR-4711-5p DLD-1 becomes 2.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells / tumor on the left and right sides of the back of 8-week-old BALB / cA nude mice (female, manufactured by Japan Marie). A model mouse having a solid tumor was prepared by subcutaneous injection. Mice were randomly divided into two groups, three in the miR-4711-5p administration group (miR-4711-5p) and three in the negative control group (Negative control). In the miR-4711-5p administration group, the time of subcutaneous injection of DLD-1 is taken as the 0th day, and on the 7th, 8th and 9th days, the amount of miR-4711-5p is 40 ⁇ g / dose.
- Carbonated apatite nanoparticles containing iR-4711-5p (prepared under the same conditions as in Test Example 18) were intravenously injected from the tail vein.
- carbonate apatite nanoparticles containing the control miRNA (SEQ ID NO: 2) were intravenously injected from the tail vein at the same schedule and dose as in the miR-4711-5p administration group. The tumor was removed from the mouse on the 10th day.
- the amount of miR-4711-5p in the resected tumor was measured by PCR.
- the mRNA levels of KLF5, TFDP1 and MDM2 in the resected tumor were measured by PCR.
- all proteins were extracted from the excised tumor, and the expression levels of KLF5, TFDP1, MDM2, cPARP (cleavedPARP), cCaspase3 (cleavedCaspase3), and ACTB ( ⁇ -actin) at the protein level were measured by Western blotting. did.
- the resected tumor was stained with fragmented DNA generated by apoptosis by the TUNEL assay and the nucleus was stained with Hoechst.
- Figure 23 shows the results of measuring the amount of miR-4711-5p in the tumor. As a result, the amount of miR-4711-5p in the tumor was significantly increased in the miR-4711-5p administration group as compared with the negative control group.
- the results of the TUNEL assay are shown in FIGS. 26 and 27, and the results of measuring the expression of cPARP, cCaspase3, and ACTB at the protein level are shown in FIG. 28.
- the number of cells in which apoptosis was induced was significantly increased, and the expression levels of the apoptotic proteins cPARP and cCaspase3 were increased. It turned out that there was.
- Test Example 20 Cell proliferation test (comparison with other miRNAs) Four miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-152-5p, miR-) that have been reported to suppress the expression of miR-4711-5p and KLF5 using colon cancer cell lines (DLD-1 and HCT116) Cell proliferation tests were performed on 153-3p and miR-448-3p), and miR-34a, which has been reported to have antitumor effects. Specifically, first, two colorectal cancer cell lines of DLD-1 and HCT116 were seeded in each well of a 96-well plate so as to be 3.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / well, and cultured overnight, and then Lipofectamine.
- FIG. 29 The results are shown in Fig. 29.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 29 is the absorbance at 450 nm. As a result, the highest growth inhibitory effect was observed when transfection of miR-4711-5p was performed.
- Test Example 21 Cell proliferation test (verification using colon cancer cells collected from patients) A cell proliferation test was performed using colon cancer cells collected from 5 stage II and III patients (Pt.28, Pt.36, Pt.40, Pt.41, and Pt.45). This study was conducted with the permission of the Ethics Committee of Osaka University Hospital, and with the permission, using colorectal cancer cells collected from 5 colorectal cancer patients who gave informed consent. Colorectal cancer cell spheroids collected from each patient were dissociated into a single colorectal cancer cell by incubation with trypLE express (Invitrogen) at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes.
- trypLE express Invitrogen
- the single colon cancer cells obtained were seeded in each well of a 96-well plate at 4.0 ⁇ 10 3 cells / well, cultured overnight, and then miR-4711- using Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen). 5p, miR-34a, and negative control miRNAs (NC, SEQ ID NO: 2) were transfected. 72 hours after transfection, the cell status was observed, and the cell viability was measured by the GloMax-Multi + Detection System (Promega) using the cell counting kit-8 (Dojin Chemical Laboratory).
- miR-4711-5p has an antitumor effect.
- miR-4711-5p can effectively reduce the survival rate of cancer cells and suppress the expression of KLF5 in cancer cells.
- miR-4711-5p binds to the 3'UTR of KLF5.
- miR-4711-5p can suppress the growth, infiltration, and migration of cancer cells.
- miR-4711-5p can induce apoptosis of cancer cells.
- miR-4711-5p reduces the stem cell property of cancer cells.
- miR-4711-5p can suppress the expression of stem cell markers in cancer stem cells.
- miR-4711-5p increases the proportion of cancer cells with high ROS activity.
- miR-4711-5p can suppress the formation of spheres in cancer cells.
- miR-4711-5p can suppress the transition from G1 stage to S stage in the cell cycle of cancer cells.
- miR-4711-5p increases the proportion of cancer cells in G0 / G1 phase.
- One of the mechanisms by which miR-4711-5p suppresses the transition from G1 to S is the down-regulation of TFDP1 that miR-4711-5p directly targets.
- One of the mechanisms by which miR-4711-5p suppresses the transition from G1 to S is the down-regulation of MDM2, which is directly targeted by miR-4711-5p.
- miR-4711-5p has a superior antitumor effect to miR-34a, which has been reported to have an antitumor effect, and is effective against colorectal cancer cells removed from colorectal cancer patients. It was confirmed that it actually has an excellent antitumor effect.
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Abstract
Description
項1. miR-4711-5pを有効成分として含む、癌治療剤。
項2. miR-4711-5pが、成熟型miRNA、pri-miRNA、又はpre-miRNAである、項1に記載の癌治療剤。
項3. miR-4711-5pが、炭酸アパタイト粒子に複合化されている、項1又は2に記載の癌治療剤。
項4. miR-4711-5pを有効成分として含む、癌幹細胞の増殖抑制剤。
項5. miR-4711-5pの癌治療剤の製造のための使用。
項6. 癌の治療のための処置に使用される、miR-4711-5p。
項7. miR-4711-5pを癌患者に治療有効量投与する、癌の治療方法。
項8. miR-4711-5pの癌幹細胞の増殖抑制剤の製造のための使用。
項9. 癌幹細胞の増殖を抑制するための処置に使用される、miR-4711-5p。
項10. miR-4711-5pを癌患者に治療有効量投与し、癌幹細胞の増殖を抑制させる、癌幹細胞の増殖抑制方法。
本発明の癌治療剤は、有効成分としてmiR-4711-5pを含むことを特徴とする。以下、本発明の癌治療剤について詳述する。
本発明の癌治療剤では、有効成分としてmiR-4711-5pを使用する。miR-4711-5pは、ヒト由来のmiRNAであり、その塩基配列は、成熟型miRNA(mature-miRNA)であれば、5'-UGCAUCAGGCCAGAAGACAUGAG-3'(配列番号1)である。
本発明の癌幹細胞の癌治療剤の適用対象となる癌種については、特に制限されないが、例えば、大腸癌、食道癌、結腸癌、胃癌、直腸癌、肝臓癌、膵臓癌、肺癌、乳癌、膀胱癌、前立腺癌、子宮頚癌、腎臓癌、脳腫瘍、頭頚部癌、胆管癌、胆嚢癌、口腔癌等の固形癌;白血病、悪性リンパ腫等の血液癌が挙げられる。これらの癌種の中でも、好ましくは固形癌、更に好ましくは大腸癌が挙げられる。
本発明の癌治療剤の投与方法としては、miR-4711-5pを生体内で前記癌の組織又は細胞に送達できることを限度として特に制限されないが、例えば、血管内(動脈内又は静脈内)注射、持続点滴、皮下投与、局所投与、筋肉内投与、腹膜内投与等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、好ましくは動静脈内投与が挙げられる。
本発明の癌治療剤は、miR-4711-5pが癌幹細胞内に送達されて機能発現することにより、癌治療効果を奏するので、本発明の癌治療剤はmiR-4711-5pが癌細胞内に送達され易いように、miRNA導入剤と共に製剤化されていることが望ましい。このようなmiRNA導入剤としては、特に制限されず、例えば、炭酸アパタイト粒子、リポフェクタミン、オリゴフェクタミン、RNAiフェクト等のいずれであってもよい。これらのmiRNA導入剤の中でも、炭酸アパタイト粒子は、生体内で癌細胞に集積させて癌細胞内へのmiR-4711-5pの移行を効率的に行うことができるので、本発明の癌治療剤の好適な一態様としては、miR-4711-5pが炭酸アパタイト粒子との混合状態、又はmiR-4711-5pが炭酸アパタイト粒子に複合化(内包)されてなる複合粒子の状態で存在するものが挙げられる。
炭酸アパタイトは、水酸アパタイト(Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2)の水酸基の一部をCO3で置換した構造を有し、一般式Ca10-mXm(PO4)6(CO3)1-nYnで表される化合物である。ここで、Xは、炭酸アパタイトにおけるCaを部分的に置換し得る元素であり、例えば、Sr、Mn、希土類元素等が挙げられる。mは、通常0以上1以下の正数であり、好ましくは0以上0.1以下であり、より好ましくは0以上0.01以下であり、更に好ましくは0以上0.001以下である。Yは、炭酸アパタイトにおけるCO3を部分的に置換しうる基又は元素であり、OH、F、Cl等が挙げられる。nは、通常0以上0.1以下の正数であり、好ましくは0以上0.01以下であり、より好ましくは0以上0.001以下であり、更に好ましくは0以上0.0001以下である。
水槽の温度:例えば5~45℃、好ましくは10~35℃、更に好ましくは20~30℃。
高周波出力:例えば10~500W、好ましくは20~400W、更に好ましくは30~300W、より好ましくは40~100W。
発振周波数:例えば10~60Hz、好ましくは20~50Hz、更に好ましくは30~40Hz。
処理時間:例えば、30秒~30分、好ましくは1~20分、更に好ましくは3~10分。
本発明の癌治療剤の好適な一態様では、miR-4711-5pと炭酸アパタイト粒子が複合化した複合粒子が使用される。このようにmiR-4711-5pを炭酸アパタイト粒子に複合化させることによって、炭酸アパタイトの作用によって生体内の癌細胞にmiR-4711-5pを集積させて、癌細胞内にmiR-4711-5pを効率的に導入させることが可能になる。また、細胞内に導入された後に、細胞内でmiR-4711-5pが炭酸アパタイト粒子から遊離できるので、miR-4711-5pによる抗腫瘍効果を効率的に発揮させることも可能になる。
miR-4711-5pは、癌幹細胞の幹細胞性を低下させて癌幹細胞の増殖を抑制することもできるので、本発明は、更に、miR-4711-5pを有効成分として含む癌幹細胞の増殖抑制剤を提供する。
miRBaseとTarget Scanの2つのデータベースを使用して、KLF5に結合する可能性のあるmiRNAを抽出した。抽出したmiRNAの内、Wnt/β-カテニンシグナル、Wnt/Ca+シグナル、及びNotchシグナルのいずれかに関係するものを抽出した。その結果、miRBaseからは29種類のmiRNA、Target Scanからは31種のmiRNAが抽出された。miRBaseで抽出されたmiRNAとTarget Scan抽出されたmiRNAで重複しているものは16種類あったので、合計44種類のmiRNAが抽出された。44種類のmiRNAの内、3種類のmiRNAについては既に機能解析が進められていたので、それらを除外して41種類のmiRNAを候補として選択した。
前記で抽出した41種類の候補miRNAを用いて、大腸癌細胞株の増殖試験を行った。具体的には、先ず、96ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1、HCT116、及びHT29の3つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ5000 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いて候補miRNA又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、5'-AUCCGCGCGAUAGUACGUA-3'、配列番号2)でトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから72時間後にcell counting kit-8(同仁化学研究所)を用いて、GloMax-Multi+Detection System(Promega)で細胞生存率(cell viability、%)を測定した。
大腸癌細胞株に対する増殖抑制効果が優れていたmiR-4711-5pについて、KLF5 mRNA発現量に及ぼす影響を分析した。具体的には、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ1.0×105 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)でトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションを行った24時間後に細胞を回収し、miRNeasy Kit (Applied Biosystems)で全RNAを抽出し、PCRによってKLF5 mRNA量の測定を行った。
miR-4711-5pについて、KLF5のタンパク質レベルでの発現量に及ぼす影響を分析した。具体的には、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ1.0×105 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)でトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションを行った48時間後に細胞を回収し、細胞内の全タンパク質を抽出し、ウエスタンブロッティングによりKLF5のタンパク質レベルでの発現量を測定した。
miR-4711-5pをトランスフェクトした大腸癌細胞株においてmiR-4711-5pがKLF5に結合しているか否かを確認するために、pmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector (Promega)を用いて分析を行った。先ず、target scanを用いて、miR-4711-5pによる強い結合が予測されるbinding site 1(KLF5の3'UTRの position 1186-1208、5'-AAUAGUAAUGUGAUGCUGAUGCU-3'(配列番号3))とmiR-4711-5pによる弱い結合が予測されるbinding site 2(KLF5の3'UTRの position 917-939、5'-GACAAUGUUGCAUUUAUGAUGC-3'(配列番号4)、とKLF5の3'UTRの position 951-973、5'-CAAAACGUUGAAUUGAUGAUGCA-5'(配列番号5)の2つの領域)を同定した。binding site 1を含むDNA分子(インサート1)、及びbinding site 2(2つの領域)を含むDNA分子(インサート2)を作成し、インサート1及び2をそれぞれpmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vectorのマルチクローニングサイトに挿入した。
miR-4711-5pを用いて、大腸癌細胞株の細胞増殖試験を行った。具体的には、先ず、96ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ3.0×103 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから24、48、及び72時間後に、cell counting kit-8(同仁化学研究所)を用いて、GloMax-Multi+Detection System(Promega)で細胞生存数を測定した。
miR-4711-5pを用いて、大腸癌細胞株の浸潤アッセイを行った。具体的には、先ず、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ1.0×105 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから24時間後に、細胞をBD BioCoat Matrigel Invasion Chambers (BD biosciences)に播種して48時間培養を行った。次いで、ヘナトキシリンで核染色を行い、浸潤した細胞数を計測した。
miR-4711-5pを用いて、創傷治癒アッセイによる大腸癌細胞株の遊走能の評価を行った。具体的には、先ず、24ウェルプレートにインサート(ibidi Culture Insert 2 Well (ibidi))をセットし、各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ3.5×105~4.0×105 cells/wellとなるように播種し、24時間培養を行った。次いで、インサートを除去してwoundを作成して引き続き培養を行い、インサート除去から24、48及び72時間後に、wound面積を測定した。
miR-4711-5pを用いて、大腸癌細胞株のアポトーシスアッセイを行った。具体的には、先ず、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ1.0×105cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから48時間後に、細胞をAlexa Fluor 488 Annexin V/Dead Cell Apoptosis Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific)で処理し、SH800ZCell Sorter (Sony Biotechnology Inc.)を用いて、Annexin Vので染色される割合を求めた。また、トランスフェクションから48時間後に細胞を回収し、細胞内の全タンパク質を抽出し、ウエスタンブロッティングによりp53、サバイビン、cPARP(cleaved PARP)、cCaspase3(cleaved Caspase3)、及びACTB(β-アクチン)の発現量を測定した。
miR-4711-5pが大腸癌細胞株の幹細胞マーカーの発現量に及ぼす影響について分析した。具体的には、先ず、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ1.0×105cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから24時間後に細胞を回収し、miRNeasy Kit (Applied Biosystems)で全RNAを抽出し、PCRによってKLF5、CD44v9、LGR5、BMI1、及びLRIG1のmRNA量を測定した。また、トランスフェクションから48時間後のDLD-1については、FACSにより細胞表面のCD44v9量の測定を行った。
幹細胞性の高い細胞は活性酸素種(Reactive oxidant species, ROS)活性を低く保つ性質がある。そこで、miR-4711-5pが大腸癌細胞株のROS活性に及ぼす影響について分析した。具体的には、先ず、6ウェルプレートにDLD-1を1.0×105cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから24時間後に細胞を回収し、CellROX Deep Red (thermos fisher scientific)で染色してFACSによりROS活性を測定した。
miR-4711-5pが大腸癌細胞株のスフェアー形成能に及ぼす影響について分析した。具体的には、先ず、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ1.0×105cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから24時間後に細胞を回収し、細胞同士が凝集していない状態にして96-well ultra-low attachment plates (Corning Inc., USA)に1×103 cells/wellとなるように播種して1週間培養を行った。なお、当該培養には、EGF 20 ng/ml、bFGF 10 ng/ml、及びペニシリンG 100 μg/mlを含む無血清DMEM/F-12培地を用いた。1週間後に40μm以上のスフェロイドの数を計測した(n=10)。
miR-4711-5pをトランスフェクションした大腸癌細胞株について、次世代シークエンスを行った結果を用いてIngenuity Pathways Analysis(IPA)を行った。具体的には、先ず、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1を1.0×105cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから36時間後に細胞を回収し、miRNeasy Kit (Applied Biosystems)で全RNAを抽出した。次いで、得られた全RNAを用いてライブラリー調製を行った後、当該ライブラリーの次世代シーケンス解析を行った。そして、次世代シークエンスを行った結果を用いて、Ingenuity Pathways Analysisを実施した。
前記試験例13の結果から、miR-4711-5pは細胞周期におけるG1期からS期への移行を抑制することが示唆されたので、miR-4711-5pが大腸癌細胞株の細胞周期に及ぼす影響について詳細分析した。具体的には、先ず、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1を1.0×105cells/wellとなるように播種し、10%FBS含有D-MEM培地を用いて終夜培養を行った。次いで、培地をFBS非含有D-MEM培地に交換して24時間培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから24時間後に培地を10%FBS含有D-MEM培地に交換した。引き続き8時間培養を行った後に、細胞を回収して細胞周期アッセイを行った。細胞の回収及び細胞周期アッセイの手法は以下の通りである。
miR-4711-5pについて、G1期/S期チェックポイントの制御に関わるタンパク質の発現量に及ぼす影響を分析した。具体的には、6ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ1.0×105 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p又はネガティブコントロールのmicroRNA(NC、配列番号2)でトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションを行った48時間後に細胞を回収し、細胞内の全タンパク質を抽出し、ウエスタンブロッティングにより、G1期/S期チェックポイントの制御に関わるタンパク質(TFDP1、E2F1、Rb、CCNE、CDK2、p21、p27、CCND1、CDK2、CDK6、及びMDM2)とβ-アクチン(ACTB)のタンパク質レベルでの発現量を測定した。
Target Scanにおいて、TFDP1はmiR-4711-5pの結合領域を持つことが示唆された。そこで、miR-4711-5pをトランスフェクトした大腸癌細胞株においてmiR-4711-5pがTFDP1に結合しているか否かを確認するために、pmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector (Promega)を用いて分析を行った。先ず、target scanを用いて、miR-4711-5pによる結合が予測されるbinding site (TFDP1の3'UTRの position 191-213、5'-UUUGAUACCAGUGUGCUGAUGCA-3'(配列番号6))を同定した。当該binding siteを含むDNA分子(インサート)を作成し、インサートをpmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vectorのマルチクローニングサイトに挿入した。
Target Scanにおいて、MDM2はmiR-4711-5pの結合領域を持つことが示唆された。そこで、miR-4711-5pをトランスフェクトした大腸癌細胞株においてmiR-4711-5pがMDM2に結合しているか否かを確認するために、pmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vector (Promega)を用いて分析を行った。先ず、target scanを用いて、miR-4711-5pによる結合が予測されるbinding site (MDM2の3'UTRの position 2315-2337、5'-UAUGGAAUAAAACUACUGAUGCA-3'(配列番号7))を同定した。当該binding siteを含むDNA分子(インサート)を作成し、インサートをpmirGLO Dual-Luciferase miRNA Target Expression Vectorのマルチクローニングサイトに挿入した。
1.miRNAと炭酸アパタイトの複合粒子の製造
100mlの蒸留水に、0.37gのNaHCO3、90μlのNaH2PO4・2H2O(1M)、及び180μlのCaCl2(1M)をこの順に添加して溶解させ、1NのHClでpHを7.5に調整した。これを直径0.2μmのフィルターでろ過した。得られたバッファー1ml当たりに2μgのmiRNA、4μlのCaCl2(1M)を混合し、37℃の水浴中で30分間インキュベートした。その後、15000rpm×5分で遠沈し、得られたペレットを生理食塩水(0.5重量%アルブミン含有)に分散させ、miRNAを炭酸アパタイト粒子に内包させた複合粒子の分散液を得た。試験に供する直前に、得られた分散液を10分間超音波振動処理にかけた。なお、超音波振動処理は、超音波振動機能を有するウォーターバスを用いて、20℃に設定した水に、プラスチック容器に収容した前記分散液を浮かべ、高周波出力55W、発振周波数38kHzの条件で10分間行った。斯して得られた製剤は、直ちに、後述する試験に使用した。
6~8週齢のBALB/cAヌードマウス(雌、日本クレア社製)の背部左右に、DLD-1を5×105 cells/腫瘍となるように皮下注射し、固形腫瘍を有するモデルマウスを作製した。腫瘍が約20 mm3の大きさに達した時点でマウスをランダムに、miR-4711-5p投与群(miR-4711-5p)5匹、ネガティブコントロール群(Negative control)5匹、及び未処置群(Parent)4匹の3群に分けた。miR-4711-5p投与群では、腫瘍が約20 mm3の大きさに達した時点を0日目として、0日目、2日目、4日目、7日目、9日目及び11日目に、miR-4711-5p量換算で40μg/回となるようにiR-4711-5pを包含した炭酸アパタイトナノ粒子を尾静脈より静脈注射した。ネガティブコントロール群では、miR-4711-5p投与群と同様のスケジュール及び用量で、コントロールmiRNA(配列番号2)を包含した炭酸アパタイトナノ粒子を尾静脈より静脈注射した。未処置群では、薬剤の投与を行わなかった。試験期間中、マウス背部の腫瘍サイズ(長径×短径×短径×1/2)及びマウスの体重を経時的に測定した。また、14日目にマウスから腫瘍を摘出して大きさを観察した。更に、14日目にマウスから、脳、心臓、肺、肝臓、腎臓、脾臓、及び結腸を摘出してヘマトキシリン・エオジン染色を行い、組織観察を行った。
8週齢のBALB/cAヌードマウス(雌、日本クレア社製)の背部左右に、DLD-1を2.5×106 cells/腫瘍となるように皮下注射し、固形腫瘍を有するモデルマウスを作製した。マウスをランダムに、miR-4711-5p投与群(miR-4711-5p)3匹、及びネガティブコントロール群(Negative control)3匹の2群に分けた。miR-4711-5p投与群では、DLD-1を皮下注射した時点を0日目として、7日目、8日目及び9日目に、miR-4711-5p量換算で40μg/回となるようにiR-4711-5pを包含した炭酸アパタイトナノ粒子(前記試験例18と同条件で調製したもの)を尾静脈より静脈注射した。ネガティブコントロール群では、miR-4711-5p投与群と同様のスケジュール及び用量で、コントロールmiRNA(配列番号2)を包含した炭酸アパタイトナノ粒子を尾静脈より静脈注射した。10日目にマウスから腫瘍を摘出した。
いることが分かった。
大腸癌細胞株(DLD-1及びHCT116)を用いて、miR-4711-5p、KLF5の発現抑制作用が報告されている4種のmiRNA(miR-21-5p、miR-152-5p、miR-153-3p、及びmiR-448-3p)、及び抗腫瘍効果が報告されているmiR-34aについて細胞増殖試験を行った。具体的には、先ず、96ウェルプレートの各ウェルにDLD-1及びHCT116の2つの大腸癌細胞株をそれぞれ3.0×103 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p、miR-21-5p、miR-152-5p、miR-153-3p、miR-448-3p、miR-34a、及びネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから24、48、及び72時間後に、cell counting kit-8(同仁化学研究所)を用いて、GloMax-Multi+Detection System(Promega)で細胞生存数を測定した。
ステージII及びIIIの患者5名(Pt.28、Pt.36、Pt.40、Pt.41、及びPt.45)から採取した大腸癌細胞を用いて、細胞増殖試験を行った。本試験は、大阪大学病院の倫理委員会の許可を得た上で、その許可の下で、インフォームドコンセントが得られた大腸癌患者5名から採取した大腸癌細胞を用いて行った。各患者から採取された大腸癌細胞のスフェロイドをtrypLE express(Invitrogen)と共に37℃で30分間インキュベートすることにより、単一の大腸癌細胞に解離させた。得られた単一の大腸癌細胞を96ウェルプレートの各ウェルに4.0×103 cells/wellとなるように播種し、終夜培養を行った後に、Lipofectamine 2000 (Invitrogen)を用いてmiR-4711-5p、miR-34a、及びネガティブコントロールのmiRNA(NC、配列番号2)をトランスフェクションした。トランスフェクションから72時間後に、細胞の状態を観察すると共に、cell counting kit-8(同仁化学研究所)を用いて、GloMax-Multi+Detection System(Promega)で細胞生存数を測定した。
前記試験例1~9の結果から、以下の点が明らかになり、miR-4711-5pには抗腫瘍効果があることが確認された。
(1) KLF5に対するmiRNAの中でもmiR-4711-5pは、癌細胞の生存率を効果的に低下させ、癌細胞中のKLF5の発現を抑制できる。
(2) miR-4711-5pは、KLF5の3'UTRに結合する。
(3) miR-4711-5pは、癌細胞の増殖、浸潤、及び遊走を抑制できる。
(4) miR-4711-5pは、癌細胞のアポトーシスを誘導できる。
(5) miR-4711-5pは、癌幹細胞の幹細胞マーカーの発現を抑制できる。
(6) miR-4711-5pは、ROS活性が高い癌細胞の割合を増大させる。
(7) miR-4711-5pは、癌細胞のスフェアーの形成を抑制できる。
(8) miR-4711-5pは、G0/G1期の癌細胞の割合を増加させる。
(9) miR-4711-5pによってG1期からS期への移行が抑制されるメカニズムの1つは、miR-4711-5pが直接的に標的とするTFDP1のダウンレギュレーションである。
(10) miR-4711-5pによってG1期からS期への移行が抑制されるメカニズムの1つは、miR-4711-5pが直接的に標的とするMDM2のダウンレギュレーションである。
Claims (10)
- miR-4711-5pを有効成分として含む、癌治療剤。
- miR-4711-5pが、成熟型miRNA、pri-miRNA、又はpre-miRNAである、請求項1に記載の癌治療剤。
- miR-4711-5pが、炭酸アパタイト粒子に複合化されている、請求項1又は2に記載の癌治療剤。
- miR-4711-5pを有効成分として含む、癌幹細胞の増殖抑制剤。
- miR-4711-5pの癌治療剤の製造のための使用。
- 癌の治療のための処置に使用される、miR-4711-5p。
- miR-4711-5pを癌患者に治療有効量投与する、癌の治療方法。
- miR-4711-5pの癌幹細胞の増殖抑制剤の製造のための使用。
- 癌幹細胞の増殖を抑制するための処置に使用される、miR-4711-5p。
- miR-4711-5pを癌患者に治療有効量投与し、癌幹細胞の増殖を抑制させる、癌幹細胞の増殖抑制方法。
Priority Applications (4)
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| JP2021524810A JP7545678B2 (ja) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-05-29 | 癌治療剤 |
| CN202080040941.1A CN113993588B (zh) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-05-29 | 癌治疗剂 |
| EP20818580.1A EP3981473A4 (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-05-29 | Therapeutic agent for cancer |
| US17/596,137 US20220241315A1 (en) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-05-29 | Therapeutic agent for cancer |
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| JP2019-105500 | 2019-06-05 |
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| WO2020246380A1 true WO2020246380A1 (ja) | 2020-12-10 |
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| PCT/JP2020/021318 Ceased WO2020246380A1 (ja) | 2019-06-05 | 2020-05-29 | 癌治療剤 |
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| US (1) | US20220241315A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP3981473A4 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP7545678B2 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN113993588B (ja) |
| TW (1) | TW202113080A (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2020246380A1 (ja) |
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| WO2022158440A1 (ja) | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-28 | 浩文 山本 | 薬物送達用組成物、その製造方法及びその用途 |
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| JP2018507866A (ja) * | 2015-02-25 | 2018-03-22 | バイオニア コーポレーションBioneer Corporation | マイクロrnaを有効成分として含む癌治療用医薬組成物 |
| WO2018181877A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社キャンサーステムテック | miRNAを使用した癌幹細胞の増殖抑制剤 |
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| JP2011093892A (ja) * | 2009-09-30 | 2011-05-12 | Japan Health Science Foundation | がん抑制的マイクロrnaを含む腫瘍増殖抑制剤 |
| CN103505743A (zh) * | 2012-06-21 | 2014-01-15 | 北京命码生科科技有限公司 | 含功能性microRNA/siRNA的细胞微粒子及其应用 |
| AU2013324716B2 (en) * | 2012-09-26 | 2019-06-13 | Guandong Mijinjia Biotechnology Co., Ltd | Oligomers with improved off-target profile |
| AU2013374345A1 (en) * | 2013-01-17 | 2015-08-06 | Moderna Therapeutics, Inc. | Signal-sensor polynucleotides for the alteration of cellular phenotypes |
| US10214743B2 (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2019-02-26 | Hirofumi Yamamoto | Colorectal cancer drug, and method for predicting prognosis of colorectal cancer patient |
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| WO2018181877A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-04 | 株式会社キャンサーステムテック | miRNAを使用した癌幹細胞の増殖抑制剤 |
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| MORIMOTO, Y. ET AL.: "miR-4711-5p regulates cancer sternness and cell cycle progression via KLF5, MDM2 and TFDP1 in colon cancer cells", BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER, vol. 122, 18 February 2020 (2020-02-18), pages 1037 - 1049, XP037080504, DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0758-1 * |
| NAKAYA TAKEO, OGAWA SEISHI, MANABE ICHIRO, TANAKA MASAMI, SANADA MASASHI, SATO TOSHIRO, TAKETO MAKOTO M., NAKAO KAZUKI, CLEVERS HA: "KLF5 Regulates the Integrity and Oncogenicity of Intestinal Stem Cells", CANCER RES., vol. 74, no. 10, 2014, pages 2882 - 2891, XP055769569 * |
| See also references of EP3981473A4 |
| TAKEO NAKAYA ET AL., CANCER RES, vol. 74, no. 10, 15 May 2014 (2014-05-15) |
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| WO2022158440A1 (ja) | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-28 | 浩文 山本 | 薬物送達用組成物、その製造方法及びその用途 |
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| CN113993588A (zh) | 2022-01-28 |
| EP3981473A1 (en) | 2022-04-13 |
| US20220241315A1 (en) | 2022-08-04 |
| CN113993588B (zh) | 2024-03-01 |
| TW202113080A (zh) | 2021-04-01 |
| JPWO2020246380A1 (ja) | 2020-12-10 |
| EP3981473A4 (en) | 2023-06-28 |
| JP7545678B2 (ja) | 2024-09-05 |
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