WO2020253158A1 - 一种无扎纱层绞式光缆及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种无扎纱层绞式光缆及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020253158A1
WO2020253158A1 PCT/CN2019/124969 CN2019124969W WO2020253158A1 WO 2020253158 A1 WO2020253158 A1 WO 2020253158A1 CN 2019124969 W CN2019124969 W CN 2019124969W WO 2020253158 A1 WO2020253158 A1 WO 2020253158A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
yarn
cable
water blocking
cable core
outer sheath
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2019/124969
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱峰
何茂友
王珑
刘晓红
刘旋
张刚
陈寿青
司帅
郭坤
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xinjiang Fiberhome Optical Communications Co Ltd
Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xinjiang Fiberhome Optical Communications Co Ltd
Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd
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Application filed by Xinjiang Fiberhome Optical Communications Co Ltd, Fiberhome Telecommunication Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Xinjiang Fiberhome Optical Communications Co Ltd
Priority to EP19933550.6A priority Critical patent/EP3988976A4/en
Publication of WO2020253158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020253158A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4432—Protective covering with fibre reinforcements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/4434—Central member to take up tensile loads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/441—Optical cables built up from sub-bundles
    • G02B6/4413—Helical structure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/443—Protective covering
    • G02B6/4431—Protective covering with provision in the protective covering, e.g. weak line, for gaining access to one or more fibres, e.g. for branching or tapping
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4401—Optical cables
    • G02B6/4429—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables
    • G02B6/44384—Means specially adapted for strengthening or protecting the cables the means comprising water blocking or hydrophobic materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4479—Manufacturing methods of optical cables
    • G02B6/4486—Protective covering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of optical communication transmission, in particular to a stranded optical cable without yarn binding and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • optical fiber communications will be fully rolled out under the premise of network upgrades due to its low cost and high efficiency advantages.
  • the fiber optic cable structure needs to develop in the direction of high density and miniaturization.
  • the application of dry optical cable without grease is becoming more and more extensive.
  • loose tubes need to be twisted together in S-type and SZ-type to strengthen the tensile performance of the optical cable, reduce the strength components, and save the cost of optical cable manufacturing. At present, it is usually produced by SZ stranding.
  • the loose tube A is twisted together in a reciprocating left and right direction at a certain frequency, and finally bundled with the yarn B to form the cable core of the optical cable, see Figure 1 Shown.
  • the size of the loose tube is also continuously reduced, and the wall thickness is getting thinner and thinner; because the dry optical cable uses water blocking yarn instead of grease, the inner side of the loose tube lacks support.
  • the fluctuation of the yarn binding tension will affect the quality of the loose tube.
  • the loose tube will spread out and the outer diameter will change. Flatten the loose tube, causing the optical fiber transmission attenuation to exceed the standard.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a stranded optical cable without yarn binding and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the optical cable has no yarn binding due to the cancellation of the yarn binding process during the manufacturing process, thereby preventing damage Too little yarn binding tension causes the loose tube to unravel and the outer diameter of the optical cable changes, and when the yarn binding tension is too large, the loose tube is flattened, resulting in excessive optical fiber transmission attenuation.
  • a stranded fiber optic cable without ties which includes:
  • At least one first water blocking yarn is wrapped around the outer surface of the central reinforcement
  • the cable core is arranged on the outer surface of the central reinforcement, and the cable core includes m loose tubes and n filler ropes stranded by SZ, wherein m ⁇ 1, n ⁇ 0, the loose tube
  • the casing contains 1 ⁇ 48 optical fibers
  • the water blocking element is arranged between the cable core and the outer sheath.
  • the water blocking element adopts a second water blocking yarn.
  • the second water blocking yarns are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cable core.
  • the water blocking element adopts a water blocking tape.
  • an open cable identification line is protruded on the outer surface of the outer sheath, and the open cable identification line extends axially along the outer sheath.
  • the material used for the central reinforcement includes a single metal or fiber reinforced composite material FRP.
  • the loose tube adopts a dry or grease-filled loose tube.
  • the materials used in the loose tube include polybutylene terephthalate PBT, polycarbonate PC, polypropylene PP, polyethylene terephthalate PET and thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE At least one of them.
  • the material used for the outer sheath includes polyethylene PE, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polyurethane TPU, nylon PA or flame-retardant polyolefin low-smoke halogen-free LZSH.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a stranded optical cable without ties, which includes the following steps:
  • the central reinforcement is released from the reinforcement pay-off rack
  • the first water blocking yarn is rotated and released from the first yarn release frame, wrapped around the central reinforcement member, and the central reinforcement member wrapped with the first water blocking yarn enters the central hole of the winch;
  • m loose tubes and n filling ropes are respectively discharged from the casing pay-off rack and the filling rope pay-off rack, and pass through the winch and the winch of the winch in parallel in turn;
  • the winch and the winch head perform SZ reciprocating rotation to twist the loose tube and the filling rope into the cable core, and the cable core is located on the outer surface of the central reinforcement;
  • the water blocking element is released from the second yarn release frame, penetrates into the negative suction die, and enters the extruder head in parallel with the cable core;
  • the present invention eliminates the SZ twisting and binding process, can save the cost of yarn used for binding, and prevent loose tubes from loosening when the binding tension is too small, and the outer diameter of the optical cable changes, and when the binding tension is too large, The loose tube is flattened and the optical fiber transmission attenuation exceeds the standard.
  • the present invention combines the stranding process and the sheathing process, which can save a production process, compress the production site, and reduce equipment cost and labor cost.
  • the cable marking line is directly extruded, which can save the cost of the cable.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the existing conventional stranded optical cable structure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a stranded optical fiber cable without tying yarn provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another stranded optical cable without tying yarn provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another stranded fiber optic cable without ties provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another stranded optical cable without tying yarn provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is an axial schematic diagram of a stranded optical fiber cable without binding yarn provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a manufacturing flow chart of a stranded optical cable without tying yarn provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • A loose tube
  • B tie yarn
  • C water blocking yarn
  • D open cable
  • E water blocking tape
  • F outer sheath.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention provides a stranded optical cable without tying yarn, which includes a central strength member 1, at least one first water blocking yarn 2, a cable core 3, and a water blocking element 7 And outer sheath 8, wherein the central reinforcement 1 is made of a single metal or fiber reinforced composite material FRP; the first water blocking yarn 2 is wrapped around the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, when the first water blocking yarn 2 has more When rooted, the first water blocking yarn 2 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central reinforcement 1; the cable core 3 is arranged on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, and the cable core 3 includes m loose tubes 4 and n filled ropes stranded by SZ 5.
  • the central reinforcement 1 is made of a single metal or fiber reinforced composite material FRP
  • the first water blocking yarn 2 is wrapped around the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, when the first water blocking yarn 2 has more When rooted, the first water blocking yarn 2 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central reinforcement 1
  • the cable core 3 is arranged on the outer surface
  • m loose tubes 4 and n filling ropes 5 surround the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1 and form a perfect circle.
  • the diameters of the loose tube 4 and the filling rope 5 are approximately equal, and The center of the loose tube 4 and the filling rope 5 are the same circle, where m ⁇ 1, n ⁇ 0, the loose tube 4 uses dry or grease-filled loose tube, and the loose tube 4 uses polyterephthalic acid It is made of at least one material of butanediol ester PBT, polycarbonate PC, polypropylene PP, polyethylene terephthalate PET and thermoplastic polyester elastomer TPEE, and the loose tube 4 contains 1 ⁇ 48
  • the optical fiber 6, the outer sheath 8 is arranged on the outside of the cable core 3, and the water blocking element 7 is arranged between the cable core 3 and the outer sheath 8.
  • the outer sheath 8 is made of polyethylene PE, polyvinyl chloride PVC, polyurethane TPU, and nylon Made of PA or flame-retardant polyolefin, low-smoke and halogen-free LZSH.
  • the outer surface of the outer sheath 8 is protrudingly provided with an open cable identification line 9 which extends axially along the outer sheath 8. There can be multiple open cable identification lines 9, such as 2 or 4, along the outer The sheath 8 is evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the second embodiment of the present invention provides a stranded optical cable without ties, which includes a central strength member 1, a first water blocking yarn 2, a cable core 3, a water blocking element 7 and The outer sheath 8, wherein the first water-blocking yarn 2 is wrapped around the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, the cable core 3 is arranged on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, and the cable core 3 includes four SZ stranded loose tubes 4 and Two SZ twisted filling ropes 5, four loose tubes 4 and two filling ropes 5 form a perfect circle on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1.
  • the loose tube 4 adopts dry loose tube and the loose tube 4 It contains 1 to 48 optical fibers 6, the outer sheath 8 is arranged on the outside of the cable core 3.
  • the water blocking element 7 adopts two second water blocking yarns, and the two second water blocking yarns are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the cable core 3.
  • the second water blocking yarn is placed flat between the cable core 3 and the outer sheath 8.
  • Two open-cable identification lines 9 are protrudingly provided on the outer surface of the outer sheath 8, the open-cable identification lines 9 extend axially along the outer sheath 8, and the two open-cable identification lines 9 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer sheath 8.
  • a third embodiment of the present invention provides a stranded fiber optic cable without ties, which includes a central strength member 1, a first water blocking yarn 2, a cable core 3, a water blocking element 7 and The outer sheath 8, wherein the first water blocking yarn 2 is wrapped around the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, the cable core 3 is arranged on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, and the cable core 3 includes four SZ stranded loose tubes 4 and Two SZ twisted filling ropes 5, four loose tubes 4 and two filling ropes 5 form a perfect circle on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1.
  • the loose tube 4 adopts dry loose tube and the loose tube 4 It contains 1 to 48 optical fibers 6, the outer sheath 8 is arranged on the outside of the cable core 3, the water blocking element 7 adopts a water blocking tape, and the water blocking tape is longitudinally wrapped between the cable core 3 and the outer sheath 8.
  • Two open-cable identification lines 9 are protrudingly provided on the outer surface of the outer sheath 8, the open-cable identification lines 9 extend axially along the outer sheath 8, and the two open-cable identification lines 9 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer sheath 8.
  • the fourth embodiment of the present invention provides a stranded fiber optic cable without ties, which includes a central strength member 1, a first water blocking yarn 2, a cable core 3, a water blocking element 7 and The outer sheath 8, wherein the first water blocking yarn 2 is wrapped around the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, the cable core 3 is arranged on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, and the cable core 3 includes six SZ stranded loose tubes 4, six
  • the loose tube 4 roughly forms a perfect circle on the outer surface of the central strengthening member 1.
  • the loose tube 4 uses a dry loose tube.
  • the loose tube 4 contains 1 to 48 optical fibers 6, and the outer sheath 8 is arranged on the cable core 3.
  • the water blocking element 7 adopts two second water blocking yarns, and the two second water blocking yarns are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cable core 3, and the second water blocking yarns are placed flat between the cable core 3 and the outer sheath 8.
  • the outer surface of the outer sheath 8 is protrudingly provided with two open-cable identification lines 9 which extend axially along the outer sheath 8 and the two open-cable identification lines 9 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer sheath 8.
  • a fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a stranded fiber optic cable without ties, which includes a central strength member 1, a first water blocking yarn 2, a cable core 3, a water blocking The element 7 and the outer sheath 8, wherein the first water blocking yarn 2 is wrapped around the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, the cable core 3 is arranged on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1, and the cable core 3 includes six SZ stranded loose tubes 4.
  • the six loose tubes 4 roughly form a perfect circle on the outer surface of the central reinforcing member 1.
  • the loose tubes 4 are dry loose tubes.
  • the loose tubes 4 contain 1 to 48 optical fibers 6, and the outer sheath 8 is set in Outside the cable core 3, the water blocking element 7 adopts a water blocking tape, which is longitudinally wrapped between the cable core 3 and the outer sheath 8.
  • Two open-cable identification lines 9 are protrudingly provided on the outer surface of the outer sheath 8, the open-cable identification lines 9 extend axially along the outer sheath 8, and the two open-cable identification lines 9 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer sheath 8.
  • the sixth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a stranded optical cable without ties, which includes the following steps:
  • the winch 15 and the twisting head 16 perform SZ reciprocating rotation to twist the loose tube 4 and the filling rope 5 into the cable core 3, so that the cable core 3 is covered on the outer surface of the central reinforcement 1;
  • the low-smoke, halogen-free, polyolefin-flammable LZSH is extruded from the extruder head 17 and covered on the cable core 3 and the water blocking element 7 to form an outer sheath 8 to obtain an optical cable.
  • the extruder head 17 The advantage of drawing negative pressure from the inside is that the outer sheath material can be tightly wrapped on the cable core 3, thereby fixing the loose tube 4 of the cable core 3 and the filling rope 5, and preventing the cable core from becoming larger.
  • the fiber optic cable is cooled and shaped by a 4-40m water tank 22. After it is completely cooled, it is blown dry by a dryer 23.
  • a torque stopper 27 that can move left and right is installed in the water tank 22 to clamp the cable that is not sufficiently cooled. It prevents the inner cable core 3 from twisting back when it is not completely fixed, and it also prevents the molten outer sheath material at the right exit of the extruder head 17 from being deformed by the cable core 3, resulting in bulging on the outside, by measuring the water tank 22. For the pitch of the inner cable core, move the torque blocker 27 left and right to obtain the required stranding pitch;
  • the printer 24 prints on the surface
  • the optical cable is drawn on the take-up reel 26 by the take-up tractor 25 to be wound and retracted.
  • the SZ twisting and binding process is eliminated, which can save the cost of the yarn used for binding, and prevent the loose tube from loosening and the outer diameter of the optical cable when the tension of the binding is too small. Changes, and when the yarn tension is too large, the loose tube is flattened and the optical fiber transmission attenuation exceeds the standard.
  • the present invention combines the stranding process and the sheathing process, which can save a production process, compress the production site, and reduce equipment cost and labor cost.
  • the cable marking line is directly extruded, which can save the cost of the cable.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Communication Cables (AREA)

Abstract

一种无扎纱层绞式光缆及其制造方法，包括中心加强件（1）、至少一根第一阻水纱（2）、缆芯（3）、阻水元件（7）和外护套（8），第一阻水纱（2）绕包在中心加强件（1）外表面；缆芯（3）设置于中心加强件（1）外表面，缆芯（3）包括SZ绞合的m根松套管（4）和n根填充绳（5），其中，m≥1，n≥0，松套管（4）内含有1～48根光纤（6）；外护套（8）设于缆芯（3）外侧；阻水元件（7）设于缆芯（3）与外护套（8）之间。无扎纱层绞式光缆因在制造过程中取消了扎纱工序而无扎纱线，从而防止当扎纱张力过小时造成松套管散开，光缆外径发生变化，以及当扎纱张力过大，将松套管扎扁，导致光纤传输衰减超标。

Description

一种无扎纱层绞式光缆及其制造方法 技术领域
本发明涉及光通信传输技术领域，具体涉及一种无扎纱层绞式光缆及其制造方法。
背景技术
随着5G时代的到来，光纤通信以其成本低，效率高的优势，将在网络升级的前提下全面铺开。而光缆敷设管道资源有限，光缆结构需向高密度化、小型化的方向发展。同时为了清洁施工，无油膏的干式光缆的应用也越来越广泛。
在传统层绞式光缆的制造过程中，需要松套管以S型和SZ型绞合在一起，用来加强光缆的拉伸性能，减小强度元件，节约光缆制造成本。目前通常采用SZ绞合的方式生产，将松套管A以一定的频率进行左右向往复旋转绞合在一起，最后用扎纱线B将其捆扎成束，形成光缆的缆芯，参见图1所示。
随着光缆结构减小，松套管尺寸也不断减小，壁厚越来越薄；由于干式光缆用阻水纱代替油膏，使得松套管内侧缺乏支撑，在进行SZ绞合成缆的生产过程中，扎纱张力的波动会对松套管的质量产生影响，当扎纱张力过小时，则会导致松套管散开，外径发生变化，而当扎纱张力过大，则会将松套管扎扁，导致光纤传输衰减超标。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供一种无扎纱层绞式光缆及其制造方法，该光缆因在制造过程中取消了扎纱工序而无扎纱线，从而防止当扎纱张力过小时造成松套管散开，光缆外径发生变化，以及当扎纱张力过大，将松套管扎扁，导致光纤传输衰减超标。
为达到以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：一种无扎纱层绞式光缆，其包括：
中心加强件；
至少一根第一阻水纱，所述第一阻水纱绕包在所述中心加强件外表面；
缆芯，所述缆芯设置于所述中心加强件外表面，所述缆芯包括SZ绞合的m根松套管和n根填充绳，其中，m≥1，n≥0，所述松套管内含有1～48根光纤；
外护套，所述外护套设于所述缆芯外侧；
阻水元件，所述阻水元件设于所述缆芯与所述外护套之间。
进一步地，所述阻水元件采用第二阻水纱。
进一步地，当所述第二阻水纱数量不小于两根时，所述第二阻水纱沿所述缆芯周向均匀分布。
进一步地，所述阻水元件采用阻水带。
进一步地，所述松套管具有m＝6根，所述填充绳具有n＝0根，或所述松套管具有m＝4根，所述填充绳具有n＝2根。
进一步地，所述外护套外表面上凸设有开缆标识线，所述开缆标识线沿所述外护套轴向延伸。
进一步地，所述中心加强件所采用的材料包括单根金属或纤维增强复合材料FRP。
进一步地，所述松套管采用干式或油膏填充式松套管。
进一步地，所述松套管所采用的材料包括聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBT、聚碳酸酯PC、聚丙烯PP、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET和热塑性聚酯弹性体TPEE中的至少一种。
进一步地，所述外护套所采用的材料包括聚乙烯PE、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚氨酯TPU、尼龙PA或阻燃聚烯烃低烟无卤LZSH制成。
本发明还提供了一种无扎纱层绞式光缆的制造方法，其包括如下步骤：
所述中心加强件从加强件放线架上放出；
所述第一阻水纱从第一放纱架上旋转放出，绕包在所述中心加强件上，且绕包有所述第一阻水纱的中心加强件进入绞台的中心孔；
m根松套管和n根填充绳分别从套管放线架和填充绳放线架上放出，并依次平行穿入所述绞台的绞盘中和绞头中；
所述绞盘和绞头进行SZ往复旋转，将所述松套管和填充绳绞合成所述缆芯，且所述缆芯位于中心加强件外表面；
在所述绞头与挤出机机头之间安装抽负压模；
所述阻水元件从第二放纱架上放出，穿入所述抽负压模，并与所述缆芯一起平行进入所述挤出机机头；
启动抽负压风机，将所述挤出机机头内侧抽成负压，启动挤出机，将熔融的外护套原料从所述挤出机机头挤出，并包覆在所述缆芯和阻水元件上，以形成所述外护套，从而得到所述光缆。
进一步地，其还包括如下步骤：
将所述光缆经过水槽冷却定型，并吹干；
将所述光缆牵引至收线盘上卷绕收起。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
本发明取消了SZ绞合扎纱工序，可节省扎纱所用的纱线成本，同时防止当扎纱张力过小时导致松套管散开、光缆外径发生变化，以及当扎纱张力过大导致松套管扎扁、光纤传输衰减超标。
本发明将绞合工序和护套工序合并，可节省一道生产工序，压缩生产场地，降低设备成本和人力成本。
在外护套挤出时，直接挤出开缆标识线，可节省开缆绳成本。
附图说明
图1为现有常规层绞式光缆结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的一种无扎纱层绞式光缆截面示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的另一种无扎纱层绞式光缆截面示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的另一种无扎纱层绞式光缆截面示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种无扎纱层绞式光缆截面示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的无扎纱层绞式光缆轴向示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的无扎纱层绞式光缆制造流程图。
图中：
A、松套管；B、扎纱线；C、阻水纱；D、开缆线；E、阻水带；F、外护套。
1、中心加强件；2、第一阻水纱；3、缆芯；4、松套管；5、填充绳；6、光纤；7、阻水元件；8、外护套；9、开缆标识线；10、加强件放线架；11、第一放纱架；12、绞台；13、套管放线架；14、填充绳放线架；15、绞盘；16、绞头；17、挤出机机头；18、抽负压模；19、第二放纱架；20、挤出机；21、抽负压风机；22、水槽；23、吹 干器；24、印字机；25、收线牵引机；26、收线盘；27、阻扭器。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
参见图2所示，本发明第一个实施例提供了一种无扎纱层绞式光缆，其包括中心加强件1、至少一根第一阻水纱2、缆芯3、阻水元件7和外护套8，其中，中心加强件1采用单根金属或纤维增强复合材料FRP制成；第一阻水纱2绕包在中心加强件1外表面，当第一阻水纱2具有多根时，第一阻水纱2沿中心加强件1周向均匀分布；缆芯3设置于中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3包括SZ绞合的m根松套管4和n根填充绳5，m根松套管4和n根填充绳5围绕在中心加强件1外表面并且大致形成一个正圆，从图2中可以看到，松套管4和填充绳5直径大致相等，且松套管4和填充绳5的圆心共圆，其中，m≥1，n≥0，松套管4采用干式或油膏填充式松套管，且松套管4采用聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBT、聚碳酸酯PC、聚丙烯PP、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET和热塑性聚酯弹性体TPEE中的至少一种材料制成，松套管4内含有1～48根光纤6，外护套8设于缆芯3外侧，阻水元件7设于缆芯3与外护套8之间，外护套8采用聚乙烯PE、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚氨酯TPU、尼龙PA或阻燃聚烯烃低烟无卤LZSH制成。外护套8外表面上凸设有开缆标识线9，开缆标识线9沿外护套8轴向延伸，开缆标识线9可以设置多条，比如2条或4条，且沿外护套8周向均匀布置。
参见图2所示，本发明第二个实施例提供了一种无扎纱层绞式光缆，其包括中心加强件1、一根第一阻水纱2、缆芯3、阻水元件7和外护套8，其中，第一阻水纱2绕包在中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3设置于中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3包括四根SZ绞合的松套管4 和两根SZ绞合的填充绳5，四根松套管4和两根填充绳5在中心加强件1外表面大致形成一个正圆，松套管4采用干式松套管，松套管4内含有1～48根光纤6，外护套8设于缆芯3外侧，阻水元件7采用两根第二阻水纱，且两根第二阻水纱沿缆芯3周向均匀分布，第二阻水纱平放在缆芯3与外护套8之间。外护套8外表面上凸设有两条开缆标识线9，开缆标识线9沿外护套8轴向延伸，两条开缆标识线9沿外护套8周向均匀布置。
参见图3所示，本发明第三个实施例提供了一种无扎纱层绞式光缆，其包括中心加强件1、一根第一阻水纱2、缆芯3、阻水元件7和外护套8，其中，第一阻水纱2绕包在中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3设置于中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3包括四根SZ绞合的松套管4和两根SZ绞合的填充绳5，四根松套管4和两根填充绳5在中心加强件1外表面大致形成一个正圆，松套管4采用干式松套管，松套管4内含有1～48根光纤6，外护套8设于缆芯3外侧，阻水元件7采用阻水带，阻水带纵包在缆芯3与外护套8之间。外护套8外表面上凸设有两条开缆标识线9，开缆标识线9沿外护套8轴向延伸，两条开缆标识线9沿外护套8周向均匀布置。
参见图4所示，本发明第四个实施例提供了一种无扎纱层绞式光缆，其包括中心加强件1、一根第一阻水纱2、缆芯3、阻水元件7和外护套8，其中，第一阻水纱2绕包在中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3设置于中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3包括六根SZ绞合的松套管4，六根松套管4在中心加强件1外表面大致形成一个正圆，松套管4采用干式松套管，松套管4内含有1～48根光纤6，外护套8设于缆芯3外侧，阻水元件7采用两根第二阻水纱，且两根第二阻水纱沿缆芯3周向均匀分布，第二阻水纱平放在缆芯3与外护套8之间。外护套8 外表面上凸设有两条开缆标识线9，开缆标识线9沿外护套8轴向延伸，两条开缆标识线9沿外护套8周向均匀布置。
参见图5和图6所示，本发明第五个实施例提供了一种无扎纱层绞式光缆，其包括中心加强件1、一根第一阻水纱2、缆芯3、阻水元件7和外护套8，其中，第一阻水纱2绕包在中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3设置于中心加强件1外表面，缆芯3包括六根SZ绞合的松套管4，六根松套管4在中心加强件1外表面大致形成一个正圆，松套管4采用干式松套管，松套管4内含有1～48根光纤6，外护套8设于缆芯3外侧，阻水元件7采用阻水带，阻水带纵包在缆芯3与外护套8之间。外护套8外表面上凸设有两条开缆标识线9，开缆标识线9沿外护套8轴向延伸，两条开缆标识线9沿外护套8周向均匀布置。
参见图7所示，本发明第六个实施例提供了一种无扎纱层绞式光缆的制造方法，其包括如下步骤：
将中心加强件1从加强件放线架10上放出；
将第一阻水纱2从第一放纱架11上旋转放出，然后绕包在中心加强件1上，且绕包有第一阻水纱2的中心加强件1进入绞台12的中心孔；
将m根松套管4和n根填充绳5分别从套管放线架13和填充绳放线架14上放出，松套管4和填充绳5整体依次平行穿入绞台12的绞盘15和绞头16中；
绞盘15和绞头16进行SZ往复旋转，将松套管4和填充绳5绞合成缆芯3，使得缆芯3包覆在中心加强件1外表面；
在绞头16与挤出机机头17之间安装抽负压模18；
将阻水元件7从第二放纱架19上放出，使阻水元件7穿入抽负压模18，并与缆芯3一起平行进入挤出机机头17；
启动抽负压风机21，将挤出机机头17内侧抽成负压，启动挤出机20，将熔融的外护套原料如聚乙烯PE、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚氨酯TPU、尼龙PA或阻燃聚烯烃低烟无卤LZSH从挤出机机头17挤出，并包覆在缆芯3和阻水元件7上，以形成外护套8，从而得到光缆，将挤出机机头17内侧抽成负压的好处是能够使外护套原料紧密地包覆在缆芯3上，从而将缆芯3的松套管4和填充绳5固定，防止缆芯退扭节距变大；
将光缆经过4～40m的水槽22冷却定型，完全进行冷却后，通过吹干器23吹干，在水槽22内安装有可左右平移的阻扭器27，可以将未充分冷却的光缆夹紧，防止内部的缆芯3在未完全固定时退扭，同时也可防止挤出机机头17右侧出口处的熔融的外护套原料被缆芯3带动变形，导致外侧出现鼓包，通过测量水槽22内缆芯的节距情况，左右平移阻扭器27，得到需要的绞合节距；
再由印字机24在表面印字；
将光缆通过收线牵引机25牵引至收线盘26上卷绕收起。
综上所述，本发明在制造过程中，取消了SZ绞合扎纱工序，可节省扎纱所用的纱线成本，同时防止当扎纱张力过小时导致松套管散开、光缆外径发生变化，以及当扎纱张力过大导致松套管扎扁、光纤传输衰减超标。
本发明将绞合工序和护套工序合并，可节省一道生产工序，压缩生产场地，降低设备成本和人力成本。
在外护套挤出时，直接挤出开缆标识线，可节省开缆绳成本。
本发明不局限于上述实施方式，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也视为本发明的保护范围之内。本说明书中未作详细 描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于，其包括：
    中心加强件(1)；
    至少一根第一阻水纱(2)，所述第一阻水纱(2)绕包在所述中心加强件(1)外表面；
    缆芯(3)，所述缆芯(3)设置于所述中心加强件(1)外表面，所述缆芯(3)包括SZ绞合的m根松套管(4)和n根填充绳(5)，其中，m≥1，n≥0，所述松套管(4)内含有1～48根光纤(6)；
    外护套(8)，所述外护套(8)设于所述缆芯(3)外侧；
    阻水元件(7)，所述阻水元件(7)设于所述缆芯(3)与所述外护套(8)之间。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述阻水元件(7)采用第二阻水纱。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：当所述第二阻水纱数量不小于两根时，所述第二阻水纱沿所述缆芯(3)周向均匀分布。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述阻水元件(7)采用阻水带。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述松套管(4)具有m＝6根，所述填充绳(5)具有n＝0根，或所述松套管(4)具有m＝4根，所述填充绳(5)具有n＝2根。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述外护套(8)外表面上凸设有开缆标识线(9)，所述开缆标识线(9)沿所述外护套(8)轴向延伸。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述 中心加强件(1)所采用的材料包括单根金属或纤维增强复合材料FRP。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述松套管(4)采用干式或油膏填充式松套管。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述松套管(4)所采用的材料包括聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯PBT、聚碳酸酯PC、聚丙烯PP、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯PET和热塑性聚酯弹性体TPEE中的至少一种。
  10. 如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆，其特征在于：所述外护套(8)所采用的材料包括聚乙烯PE、聚氯乙烯PVC、聚氨酯TPU、尼龙PA或阻燃聚烯烃低烟无卤LZSH制成。
  11. 一种如权利要求1所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆的制造方法，其特征在于，其包括如下步骤：
    所述中心加强件(1)从加强件放线架(10)上放出；
    所述第一阻水纱(2)从第一放纱架(11)上旋转放出，绕包在所述中心加强件(1)上，且绕包有所述第一阻水纱(2)的中心加强件(1)进入绞台(12)的中心孔；
    m根松套管(4)和n根填充绳(5)分别从套管放线架(13)和填充绳放线架(14)上放出，并依次平行穿入所述绞台(12)的绞盘(15)和绞头(16)中；
    所述绞盘(15)和绞头(16)进行SZ往复旋转，将所述松套管(4)和填充绳(5)绞合成所述缆芯(3)，且所述缆芯(3)位于中心加强件(1)外表面；
    在所述绞头(16)与挤出机机头(17)之间安装抽负压模(18)；
    所述阻水元件(7)从第二放纱架(19)上放出，穿入所述抽负 压模(18)，并与所述缆芯(3)一起平行进入所述挤出机机头(17)；
    启动抽负压风机(21)，将所述挤出机机头(17)内侧抽成负压，启动挤出机(20)，将熔融的外护套原料从所述挤出机机头(17)挤出，并包覆在所述缆芯(3)和阻水元件(7)上，以形成所述外护套(8)，从而得到所述光缆。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的无扎纱层绞式光缆的制造方法，其特征在于，其还包括如下步骤：
    将所述光缆经过水槽(22)冷却定型，并吹干；
    将所述光缆牵引至收线盘(26)上卷绕收起。
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