WO2021013211A1 - 雾化元件和电子烟 - Google Patents

雾化元件和电子烟 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021013211A1
WO2021013211A1 PCT/CN2020/103711 CN2020103711W WO2021013211A1 WO 2021013211 A1 WO2021013211 A1 WO 2021013211A1 CN 2020103711 W CN2020103711 W CN 2020103711W WO 2021013211 A1 WO2021013211 A1 WO 2021013211A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
porous
porous metal
atomizing element
element according
metal part
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/103711
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗洪梁
肖令荣
肖从文
李小平
薛雪波
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Smoore Technology Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Smoore Technology Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Smoore Technology Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen Smoore Technology Ltd
Priority to US17/629,505 priority Critical patent/US12161162B2/en
Priority to EP20844625.2A priority patent/EP4005419A4/en
Publication of WO2021013211A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021013211A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US18/924,033 priority patent/US20250040607A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/10—Devices using liquid inhalable precursors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/44—Wicks
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F40/00—Electrically operated smoking devices; Component parts thereof; Manufacture thereof; Maintenance or testing thereof; Charging means specially adapted therefor
    • A24F40/40—Constructional details, e.g. connection of cartridges and battery parts
    • A24F40/46—Shape or structure of electric heating means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of electronic cigarettes, in particular to an atomizing element and an electronic cigarette.
  • e-cigarettes usually use an atomizing element to heat and atomize the e-liquid.
  • the traditional atomizing element includes a liquid wick made of glass fiber or liquid absorbent cotton and a resistance wire wound around the liquid wick; It is used to attract smoke oil, and the resistance wire is used to heat the smoke oil on the atomized wick.
  • the traditional atomization assembly has the defect that the resistance wire contacts the e-liquid with a small area, which makes the atomization speed low, the amount of atomization is small, and there is a risk of dry burning and overheating when the e-liquid is not partially contacted, thereby causing the generation of unpleasant odors.
  • an atomization assembly including:
  • the porous metal part is in contact with the porous ceramic part, at least part of the pores of the porous ceramic part communicate with the pores of the porous metal part, and the thickness of the porous metal part is not less than 30 ⁇ m.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous metal part is 5 ⁇ m-60 ⁇ m, the porosity is 10%-50%, and the thickness is 30 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous metal part is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, the porosity is 60% to 95%, and the thickness is 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the porous ceramic part has an atomized surface, and the porous metal part is disposed on the atomized surface.
  • the porous metal part is formed in a linear shape, a curved shape, a broken line shape, a rectangle, a grid shape or a ring shape on the atomizing surface.
  • the porous metal part is disposed inside the porous ceramic part.
  • the porous ceramic part is formed with a groove, and the porous metal part is filled in the groove.
  • the shape of the longitudinal section of the groove is square, semicircular, V-shaped or trapezoidal.
  • the porous ceramic part includes a body with a plurality of protrusions arranged in parallel, and the porous metal part is filled between adjacent protrusions.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous ceramic part is 10 ⁇ m-50 ⁇ m, and the porosity is 30%-70%.
  • the porous metal part is selected from porous nickel parts, porous titanium parts, porous nickel-iron alloy parts, porous nickel-copper alloy parts, porous nickel-chromium alloy parts, and porous iron-chromium-aluminum alloy parts. At least one of the pieces.
  • the porous ceramic part is porous alumina ceramics, porous silica ceramics, porous silicon carbide ceramics, porous cordierite ceramics, porous mullite ceramics, porous sepiolite ceramics, and porous diatomaceous earth At least one of ceramics.
  • the porous ceramic part and the porous metal part are fixedly connected.
  • the atomizing element further includes an electrode, and the electrode is in contact with the porous metal part.
  • the electrode is a silver paste electrode.
  • An electronic cigarette includes the above atomizing element.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing element in an embodiment
  • Figure 2 is a top view of an atomizing element in another embodiment
  • Figure 3 is a top view of an atomizing element in yet another embodiment
  • Figure 4 is a top view of an atomizing element in yet another embodiment
  • Figure 5 is a top view of an atomizing element in yet another embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a top view of an atomizing element in yet another embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a top view of an atomizing element in yet another embodiment
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an atomizing element in another embodiment
  • Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of an atomizing element in yet another embodiment
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of an atomizing element in another embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of an atomizing element in another embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of an atomizing element in another embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of an atomizing element in yet another embodiment.
  • An electronic cigarette includes an atomizing element 100.
  • it includes a porous ceramic part 101, a porous metal part 102 and an electrode 103, and the electrode 103 is in contact with the porous metal part 102.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 and the porous metal part 102 are both porous structures, and the porous ceramic part 101 and the porous metal part 102 are in contact with each other, so that at least part of the pores of the porous ceramic part 101 and the porous metal part 102 are connected.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 is used for guiding and storing liquid, and the porous metal part 102 can not only be used for conveying atomization energy and generate heat, but also has the function of guiding and storing liquid.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 and the porous metal part 102 are fixed to each other to form a strong bonding force and avoid the phenomenon of separation between the two during use.
  • the e-liquid can be stored in the pores of the porous ceramic part 101 and the porous metal part 102.
  • the porous metal part 102 is powered by the electrode 103 to generate heat, and the e-liquid can pass through the porous metal part 102.
  • the inside is atomized, which overcomes the shortcomings of the small contact area between the resistance wire of the traditional atomization element and the e-liquid.
  • the effective atomization area is greatly increased, the atomization speed is accelerated, the atomization is more sufficient, and the burning smell is prevented.
  • the thickness of the porous metal part 102 is not less than 30 ⁇ m. Due to the porous structure, the heat inside the porous metal part 102 can be fully transferred to the smoke oil in time. Even when the thickness of the porous metal part 102 is large, it can still achieve a uniform heating effect without local overheating. When dry burning occurs, the consistency of the smoke should be better, the taste is purer, and the generation of off-flavors can be effectively avoided.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous metal portion 102 is 5 ⁇ m-60 ⁇ m, the porosity is 10%-50%, and the thickness is 30 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m.
  • the porous metal part 102 has a microporous structure with an average pore size closer to that of the porous ceramic part 101, so that the pores in the porous metal part 102 can be more connected with the pores of the porous ceramic part 101, which is beneficial to the smoke oil Fully atomized, the amount of smoke is larger, and the consistency and taste of the atomized smoke are better.
  • porous metal part 102 when the porous metal part 102 has the above-mentioned structure, even for some high-viscosity e-liquids, rapid atomization can be achieved, avoiding the "small first puff volume" and other shortcomings, and has satisfactory use Experience. Further, such a porous metal part 102 may be a porous metal film obtained by printing.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous metal part 102 is 0.1 mm to 5 mm, and the porosity is 60% to 95%.
  • the porous metal part 102 has strong liquid storage and liquid absorption capabilities, and at the same time has a relatively uniform microporous structure, which is beneficial to uniformly and stably conveying the energy required for atomization.
  • the e-liquid stored in the pores of the porous metal part 102 can be atomized quickly and effectively, which effectively improves the satisfaction and aroma reduction of the smoke.
  • the thickness of the porous metal portion 102 with the above structure can be 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, and a relatively uniform heating effect can still be achieved when the thickness is large, and the generation of harmful substances can be effectively avoided.
  • such porous metal part 102 may be foamed metal.
  • the foamed metal can be combined with the porous ceramic part 101 by co-sintering, which has stronger bonding ability and can avoid the risk of shedding; at the same time, the foamed metal has a relatively stable electrical resistance, which can meet the fog of high-power smoking sets and herbal e-liquid with higher viscosity. ⁇ .
  • the porous ceramic part 101 has a surface including an atomizing surface and a liquid absorbing surface.
  • the number of atomization surface and liquid absorption surface is not fixed, and can be designed according to needs.
  • the atomization surface is a surface of the porous ceramic part 101 such as the upper surface
  • the liquid absorption surface may be other surfaces except the atomization surface , That is, the lower surface and/or the side surface; or, the atomized surface is multiple surfaces of the porous ceramic part 101, such as the upper surface and the side surface, the liquid absorption surface may be the lower surface of the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the porous metal part 102 is disposed on the atomized surface of the porous ceramic part 101, refer to FIGS. 1 to 8.
  • FIGs 2 to 7 are top views, in which the shape of the porous ceramic part 101 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the upper surface is an atomizing surface, the lower surface and side surfaces (not shown) are liquid-absorbing surfaces, and the porous metal part 102 is provided on the porous ceramic part 101 The atomized surface is the upper surface.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 has a plurality of atomizing surfaces (upper surface, left side and right side), and the porous metal part 102 is provided on the above atomizing surface of the porous ceramic part 101 (left The surface is blocked). At this time, the contact area between the porous metal part 102 and the porous ceramic part 101 is larger, which improves the liquid-conducting performance and helps achieve a better atomization effect.
  • the shape of the porous metal portion 102 is not particularly limited, and can be designed according to needs.
  • the shape of the porous metal part 102 is linear (as shown in FIG. 2).
  • the shape of the porous metal portion 102 may be a curve shape, a broken line shape, a rectangle, a mesh shape, a back shape, a ring shape, or a square shape.
  • the curve shape can include any common curve, such as sine curve, spiral line, leaf-shaped line, figure-of-eight curve, etc.; the broken line type means that the porous metal part 102 has multiple straight line segments connected end to end and two adjacent straight line segments. The intersection angle is greater than 0 and less than 180 degrees.
  • the shape of the porous metal portion 102 is sinusoidal; in the atomizing element 100 shown in FIG. 4, the porous metal portion 102 is formed in an "S" shape
  • the porous metal part 102 is in the shape of a right-angled reciprocating broken line; in the atomizing element 100 shown in FIG. 6, the atomizing surface of the porous ceramic part 101 has The porous metal part 102 is shaped like a Japanese letter; in the atomizing element 100 of another embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the porous metal part 102 has a ring shape. All the porous metal parts 102 in the above embodiments can achieve a good atomization effect.
  • the porous metal part 102 may be disposed inside the porous ceramic part 101. Compared with the case where the porous metal part 102 is provided on the surface of the porous ceramic part 101, the porous metal part 102 is provided inside the porous ceramic part 101 to further increase the contact area between the porous metal part 102 and the porous ceramic part 101. , Improve the speed of liquid guide and optimize the atomization effect.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 is formed with a groove.
  • FIGS. 9 to 12 are cross-sectional views of the atomizing element 100 with the groove in the porous ceramic part 101 (the electrode 103 is not shown), and the porous metal part 102 is filled in In the groove.
  • the contact surface of the porous metal part 102 inside the porous ceramic part 101 can be used as a liquid absorption surface.
  • the shape of the groove there is no special restriction on the shape of the groove, and it can be designed as required.
  • the shape of the longitudinal section of the groove is square. In this case, the bottom surface and both side surfaces of the porous metal portion 102 can be used as the liquid absorption surface.
  • the shape of the longitudinal section of the groove may be semicircular (FIG. 10), V-shaped (FIG. 11), trapezoidal (FIG. 12), or the like.
  • the above-mentioned longitudinal section refers to a section along a vertical direction.
  • the porous metal portion 102 may be formed in the groove by screen printing.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 can be formed to have a convex structure, and the porous metal part 102 is brought into contact with the protrusion, so as to increase the contact area between the porous metal part 102 and the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 includes a body 1011 having a pair of protrusions 1012 arranged in parallel, and the porous metal part 102 is filled with the pair of protrusions 1012. between.
  • the number of protrusions 1012 can be adjusted as required, such as 3, 4, etc.
  • the porous metal portion 102 is filled between adjacent protrusions 1012.
  • the protrusion 1012 may be a columnar protrusion.
  • the protrusions 1012 may be formed on the body 1011 by printing, and the porous metal portion 102 may be formed between adjacent protrusions 1012 by screen printing.
  • the material of the porous metal part 102 is selected from porous nickel parts, porous titanium parts, porous nickel-iron alloy parts, porous nickel-copper alloy parts, porous nickel-chromium alloy parts, and porous iron-chromium-aluminum alloy parts. At least one of the pieces.
  • the parts made of the above materials have good thermal conductivity, which is beneficial to the progress of atomization.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous ceramic portion 101 is 10 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and the porosity is 30% to 70%.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 is a porous alumina ceramic, a porous silica ceramic, a porous silicon carbide ceramic, a porous cordierite ceramic, a porous mullite ceramic, a porous sepiolite ceramic, and a porous diatomite ceramic. At least one of.
  • the above-mentioned porous ceramics have stable chemical properties, high temperature resistance, and good liquid storage capacity.
  • the electrode 103 is a silver paste electrode
  • the porous metal part 102 can be covered by printing or painting, and then sintered as a whole to form the electrode 103 in contact with the porous metal part 102.
  • the pore size of the pores in the porous metal part 102 and the porous ceramic part 101 is measured by mercury intrusion method, refer to the national standard "GB T 21650.1-2008 mercury intrusion method and gas adsorption method to determine the pore size distribution and pores of solid materials Degree”; porosity is measured by boiling method or vacuum method, refer to the national standard "GB/T 3810.3-2006 Ceramic Tile Test Method Part 3: Determination of Water Absorption, Apparent Porosity, Apparent Relative Density and Bulk Density"; thickness Use a film thickness meter for measurement.
  • the structure of the atomizing element 100 of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, using porous alumina ceramics as the porous ceramic part 101, with an average pore diameter of 27 ⁇ m, a porosity of 45%, and a thickness of 2530 ⁇ m.
  • a nickel-based alloy is used to form a linear porous metal film on the upper surface of the porous ceramic part 101 by screen printing, and then silver paste is screen printed on both ends of the porous metal film to form silver electrodes covering the porous metal film. Sintering is performed to obtain the atomizing element 100.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous metal membrane is 15 ⁇ m, the porosity is 30%, and the thickness is 100 ⁇ m. At least part of the pores of the porous metal membrane are connected to the pores of the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the structure of the atomizing element 100 of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the preparation process is roughly the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the upper surface, the left side and the right side of the porous ceramic part 101 are all screen-printed to form a straight line.
  • Shaped porous metal membrane The average pore diameter of the porous metal membrane is 25 ⁇ m, the porosity is 20%, and the thickness is 80 ⁇ m. At least part of the pores of the porous metal membrane are connected to the pores of the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the structure of the atomizing element 100 of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 9.
  • a porous silica ceramic is used as the porous ceramic part 101, and the average pore diameter is 35 ⁇ m, the porosity is 50%, and the thickness is 3000 ⁇ m.
  • a groove with a thickness of 100 ⁇ m and a square longitudinal section is excavated on the upper surface of the porous ceramic part 101, and then a nickel-based alloy is used to form a porous metal film in the groove by screen printing. Both ends are screen-printed with silver paste to form silver electrodes covering the porous metal film, and then sintered to obtain the atomizing element 100.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous metal membrane is 43 ⁇ m, the porosity is 20%, and the thickness is 98 ⁇ m. At least part of the pores of the porous metal membrane are connected to the pores of the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the structure of the atomizing element 100 of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 13.
  • the porous cordierite ceramic is used as the porous ceramic body 1011, the average pore diameter is 37 ⁇ m, the porosity is 53%, and the thickness is 3500 ⁇ m.
  • a pair of columnar protrusions with a height of 85 ⁇ m are formed by screen printing on the upper surface of the porous ceramic part 101, and then a nickel-based alloy is used to form a porous metal film between the pair of columnar protrusions by printing, and then on Both ends of the porous metal film are screen-printed with silver paste to form silver electrodes covering the porous metal film, and then sintered to obtain the atomizing element 100.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous metal membrane is 50 ⁇ m, the porosity is 18%, and the thickness is 80 ⁇ m. At least part of the pores of the porous metal membrane are connected to the pores of the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the preparation process of the atomizing element 100 of this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment 1, except that a nickel-based alloy foam metal is used for screen printing on the upper surface of the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the average pore size of the foamed metal is 2 mm, the porosity is 80%, and the thickness is 270 ⁇ m. At least part of the pores of the foamed metal are connected to the pores of the porous ceramic part 101.
  • the preparation process of the atomizing element 100 of this comparative example is roughly the same as that of Example 1, except that a porous metal film with a thickness of 10 ⁇ m is formed on the upper surface of the porous ceramic part 101 by screen printing, with an average pore diameter of 10 ⁇ m and a porosity Is 8%.
  • Example 1 The atomizing element 100 of Example 1 to Example 5 and Comparative Example 1 was assembled into an electronic cigarette, and the atomization test was performed by a weighing method. The results are listed in Table 1.
  • Example 1 The smoke particles are uniform, consistent, pure taste, no odor
  • Example 2 6.5
  • the smoke particles are uniform, good consistency, pure taste, no odor
  • Example 3 6.7
  • the smoke particles are uniform, consistent, pure taste, no odor
  • Example 4 7.2 The smoke particles are uniform, consistent, pure taste, no odor
  • Example 5 5.8 The smoke particles are uniform, consistent, pure taste, and no odor
  • Comparative Example 1 4.5
  • the smoke particles are large, the taste is not uniform, and the smell is generated
  • the atomizing element 100 of Examples 1 to 5 can fully atomize the e-liquid, effectively improve the taste of the smoke and avoid the generation of unpleasant odors.
  • the porous ceramic part 101 is used for conducting and storing liquid, and the porous metal part 102 can not only be used for conveying atomization energy, but also has the functions of conducting and storing liquid.
  • the above atomizing element 100 has at least the following advantages:
  • the e-liquid can be fully atomized through the porous structure of the porous metal part 102, the effective atomization area is greatly increased, and the atomization is more sufficient;

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Abstract

一种雾化元件（100）和电子烟，该雾化元件（100）包括多孔陶瓷部（101）和与多孔陶瓷部（101）接触的多孔金属部（102），至少部分多孔陶瓷部（101）的孔与多孔金属部（102）的孔相连通，多孔金属部（102）的厚度不低于30μm。该雾化元件（100）能够对烟油进行充分雾化，有效改善烟雾口感。

Description

雾化元件和电子烟 技术领域
本申请涉及电子烟技术领域，特别是涉及一种雾化元件和电子烟。
背景技术
目前，电子烟通常使用雾化元件将烟液进行加热雾化，传统的雾化元件包括由玻璃纤维或吸液棉制成的吸液芯及缠绕于吸液芯外的电阻丝；吸液芯用于吸引烟油，电阻丝用于加热雾化吸液芯上的烟油。然而，传统雾化组件存在电阻丝接触烟油面积小的缺陷，使得雾化速度低、雾化量小且存在局部未接触到烟油时发生干烧过热的风险，进而导致杂味的产生。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种雾化组件，包括：
多孔陶瓷部；及
多孔金属部，与所述多孔陶瓷部接触，至少部分所述多孔陶瓷部的孔与所述多孔金属部的孔相连通，所述多孔金属部的厚度不低于30μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔金属部的平均孔径为5μm～60μm，孔隙率为10％～50％，厚度为30μm～200μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔金属部的平均孔径为0.1mm～5mm，孔隙率为60％～95％，厚度为50μm～1000μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔陶瓷部具有雾化表面，所述多孔金属部设置于所述雾化表面上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔金属部在所述雾化表面上形成为直线形、曲线形、折线形、矩形、网格形或环形。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔金属部设置于所述多孔陶瓷部的内部。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔陶瓷部形成有凹槽，所述多孔金属部填充于所述凹槽中。
在其中一个实施例中，所述凹槽的纵截面的形状为方形、半圆形、V形或梯形。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔陶瓷部包括本体，所述本体上具有平行设置的多个凸起，所述多孔金属部填充于相邻的所述凸起之间。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔陶瓷部的平均孔径为10μm～50μm，孔隙率为30％～70％。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔金属部选自多孔镍制件、多孔钛制件、多孔镍铁合金制件、多孔镍铜合金制件、多孔镍铬合金制件和多孔铁铬铝合金制件中的至少一种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔陶瓷部为多孔氧化铝陶瓷、多孔二氧化硅陶瓷、多孔碳化硅陶瓷、多孔堇青石陶瓷、多孔莫来石陶瓷、多孔海泡石陶瓷和多孔硅藻土陶瓷中的至少 一种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述多孔陶瓷部和所述多孔金属部相固接。
在其中一个实施例中，所述雾化元件还包括电极，所述电极与所述多孔金属部接触。
在其中一个实施例中，所述电极为银浆电极。
一种电子烟，包括上述雾化元件。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其他特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
图1为一实施例中雾化元件的结构示意图；
图2为又一实施例中雾化元件的俯视图；
图3为又一实施例中雾化元件的俯视图；
图4为又一实施例中雾化元件的俯视图；
图5为又一实施例中雾化元件的俯视图；
图6为又一实施例中雾化元件的俯视图；
图7为又一实施例中雾化元件的俯视图；
图8为又一实施例中雾化元件的结构示意图；
图9为又一实施例中雾化元件的剖视图；
图10为又一实施例中雾化元件的剖视图；
图11为又一实施例中雾化元件的剖视图；
图12为又一实施例中雾化元件的剖视图；
图13为又一实施例中雾化元件的剖视图。
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例和/或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例和/或示例以及目前理解的那些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请，下面将参照相关附图对本申请进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本申请的较佳的实施例。但是，本申请可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本申请的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请。
本申请一实施方式的电子烟包括雾化元件100，参考图1，包括多孔陶瓷部101、多孔金属部102和电极103，电极103与多孔金属部102接触。多孔陶瓷部101和多孔金属部102均为多孔结构，多孔陶瓷部101和多孔金属部102相互接触，使得至少部分多孔陶瓷部101的孔与多孔金属部102的孔相连通。多孔陶瓷部101用于导液与储液，多孔金属部102不仅能够用于输送雾化能量并发热，同时也具有导液与储液的功能。在一个实施例中，多孔陶瓷部101和多孔金属部102相固接，以形成较强的结合力，避免在使用过程中发生二者脱离的现象。
在非工作状态下，烟油可储存于多孔陶瓷部101和多孔金属部102的孔中，而在进行雾化工作时，多孔金属部102经电极103供电发热，烟油可经由多孔金属部102内部被雾化，克服了传统雾化元件的电阻丝与烟油接触面积小的缺陷，有效雾化比面积大大提高，加快雾化速度、雾化更加充分并防止焦味。
具体地，多孔金属部102的厚度不低于30μm。由于多孔结构的存在，使得多孔金属部102内部的热量能够被及时充分地传导给烟油，即使在多孔金属部102的厚度较大时依然能够达到均匀一致的发热效果，不会产生局部过热而发生干烧的现象，烟雾的一致性要更佳，口感更纯，有效避免了杂味的产生。
在其中一个实施例中，多孔金属部102的平均孔径为5μm～60μm，孔隙率为10％～50％，厚度为30μm～200μm。这时，多孔金属部102具有平均孔径大小与多孔陶瓷部101较为接近的微孔结构，使得多孔金属部102中的孔能够更多地与多孔陶瓷部101的孔相连通，有利于烟油的充分雾化，烟雾量更大，且雾化的烟雾的一致性和口感较好。另外，当多孔金属部102具有上述结构时，即便是对于某些粘度较大的烟油，也能实现快速雾化，避免了“首口烟雾量偏小”等不足，具有令人满意的使用体验。进一步地，这样的多孔金属部102可以是通过印刷得到的多孔金属膜。
在另一个实施例中，多孔金属部102的平均孔径为0.1mm～5mm，孔隙率为60％～95％。这时，多孔金属部102的储液和吸液能力较强，同时具有比较均匀的微孔组织结构，有利于均匀稳定的输送雾化所需能量。并且由于具有较大的比表面积，使得储存于多孔金属部102微孔内的烟油能迅速有效地被雾化，有效提升了烟气的满足感和香气还原性。具有上述结构的多孔金属部102的厚度可以为50μm～1000μm，在较大厚度时仍然可实现比较均匀的发热效果，有效避免了有害物质的产生。可选地，这样的多孔金属部102可以是泡沫金属。泡沫金属可通过共烧结的方式与多孔陶瓷部101相结合，结合能力更强，可以避免脱落风险；同时，泡沫金属的电阻较稳定，可以满足大功率烟具和粘度较高草本类烟油的雾化。
具体地，多孔陶瓷部101具有表面，该表面包括雾化表面和吸液表面。雾化表面和吸液表面的数量不是固定的，可根据需要进行设计，例如，当雾化表面是多孔陶瓷部101的一个表面如上表面时，吸液表面可以是除雾化表面外的其它表面，即下表面和/或侧面；或者，雾化表面是多孔陶瓷部101的多个表面，如上表面和侧面，则吸液表面可以是多孔陶瓷部101的下表面。在一些实施例中，多孔金属部102设置在多孔陶瓷部101的雾化表面上，参考图1至图8。图2至图7为俯视图，其中多孔陶瓷部101的形状为长方体，其上表面为雾化表面，下表面和侧面(未示出)为吸液表面，多孔金属部102设置在多孔陶瓷部101的雾化表面即上表面上。图8的雾化元件101中，多孔陶瓷部101具有多个雾化表面(上表面、左侧面和右侧面)，多孔金属部102设置在多孔陶瓷部101上述雾化表面上(左侧面被遮挡)，这时，多孔金属部102与多孔陶瓷部101的接触面积更大，提高了导液性能，有利于达到更好的雾化效果。
具体地，多孔金属部102的形状没有特殊的限制，可以根据需要进行设计。在一个实施例中，多孔金属部102的形状为直线形(如图2)。在其他实施例中，多孔金属部102的形状可以为曲线形、折线形、矩形、目字形、回字形、环形或田字形等。其中，曲线形可以包括任意常见的曲线，例如正弦曲线、螺旋线、叶形线、8字曲线等；折线型是指多孔金属部102具有多个首尾连接的直线段且相邻两个直线段相交角度大于0小于180度。例如，图3所示 的又一实施例的雾化元件100中，多孔金属部102的形状为正弦曲线形；图4所示的雾化元件100中，多孔金属部102形成为“S”型折线形；图5所示的又一实施例的雾化元件100中，多孔金属部102为直角往复折线形；图6所示的雾化元件100中，在多孔陶瓷部101的雾化表面具有形状为日字形的多孔金属部102；图7所示的又一实施例的雾化元件100中，多孔金属部102的形状为环形。上述实施例中的多孔金属部102均能达到较好的雾化效果。
在一些实施例中，多孔金属部102可以设置于多孔陶瓷部101的内部。相比于将多孔金属部102设置于多孔陶瓷部101的表面上的情况，将多孔金属部102设置于多孔陶瓷部101的内部有利于进一步增大多孔金属部102与多孔陶瓷部101的接触面积，提高导液速度，优化雾化效果。
在其中一个实施例中，多孔陶瓷部101形成有凹槽，图9至图12为多孔陶瓷部101具有凹槽的雾化元件100的剖视图(电极103未示出)，多孔金属部102填充于凹槽中。这时，多孔金属部102在多孔陶瓷部101的内部的接触面均可作为吸液面。凹槽的形状没有特殊的限制，可以根据需要进行设计。例如，在一个实施例中，如图9所示，凹槽的纵截面的形状为方形，这时，多孔金属部102的底面和两侧面均可作为吸液面。在其他实施例中，凹槽的纵截面的形状可以为半圆形(图10)、V形(图11)或梯形(图12)等。其中，上述纵截面是指沿竖直方向的剖截面。此实施例中，多孔金属部102可通过丝网印刷的方式形成在凹槽中。
在一些实施例中，可以通过将多孔陶瓷部101形成为具有凸起的结构，并令多孔金属部102与该凸起接触，以达到增大多孔金属部102与多孔陶瓷部101的接触面积的目的。在一个实施例中，参考图13(电极103未示出)，多孔陶瓷部101包括本体1011，本体1011上具有平行设置的一对凸起1012，多孔金属部102填充于该一对凸起1012之间。在其他实施例中，凸起1012的数量可以根据需要进行调整，例如3个、4个等，这时，多孔金属部102填充于相邻的凸起1012之间。具体地，凸起1012可以为柱状凸起。凸起1012可通过印刷的方式形成在本体1011上，多孔金属部102可通过丝网印刷的方式形成在相邻的凸起1012之间。
在一个实施例中，多孔金属部102的材质选自多孔镍制件、多孔钛制件、多孔镍铁合金制件、多孔镍铜合金制件、多孔镍铬合金制件和多孔铁铬铝合金制件中的至少一种。上述材质的制件具有较好的导热性，有利于雾化的进行。
多孔陶瓷部101的平均孔径为10μm～50μm，孔隙率为30％～70％。在一个实施例中，多孔陶瓷部101为多孔氧化铝陶瓷、多孔二氧化硅陶瓷、多孔碳化硅陶瓷、多孔堇青石陶瓷、多孔莫来石陶瓷、多孔海泡石陶瓷和多孔硅藻土陶瓷中的至少一种。上述种类的多孔陶瓷化学性质稳定，耐高温，具备较好的储液能力。
在一个实施例中，电极103为银浆电极，可以通过印刷或涂刷的方式覆盖多孔金属部102，再进行整体烧结，形成与多孔金属部102接触的电极103。
以下通过实施例进一步说明本申请，但不用于限定本申请。
在下列实施例中，多孔金属部102和多孔陶瓷部101中的孔的孔径大小采用压汞方法进行测定，参考国标《GB T 21650.1-2008压汞法和气体吸附法测定固体材料孔径分布和孔隙度》；孔隙率采用煮沸法或真空法方法进行测定，参考国标《GB/T 3810.3-2006陶瓷砖试验方法第3部分：吸水率、显气孔率、表观相对密度和容重的测定》；厚度采用膜厚仪进行测定。
实施例1
本实施例的雾化元件100的结构如图1所示，采用多孔氧化铝陶瓷作为多孔陶瓷部101，其平均孔径为27μm，孔隙率为45％，厚度为2530μm。
采用镍基合金在上述多孔陶瓷部101的上表面通过丝网印刷形成直线形的多孔金属膜，再在多孔金属膜的两端通过丝网印刷银浆，形成覆盖多孔金属膜的银电极，然后进行烧结，得到雾化元件100。多孔金属膜的平均孔径为15μm，孔隙率为30％，厚度为100μm，至少部分多孔金属膜的孔与多孔陶瓷部101的孔相连通。
实施例2
本实施例的雾化元件100的结构如图8所示，制备过程与实施例1大致相同，区别仅在 于在多孔陶瓷部101的上表面、左侧面和右侧面均丝网印刷形成直线形的多孔金属膜。多孔金属膜的平均孔径为25μm，孔隙率为20％，厚度为80μm，至少部分多孔金属膜的孔与多孔陶瓷部101的孔相连通。
实施例3
本实施例的雾化元件100的结构如图9所示。采用多孔二氧化硅陶瓷作为多孔陶瓷部101，其平均孔径为35μm，孔隙率为50％，厚度为3000μm。
先在上述多孔陶瓷部101的上表面挖出厚度100μm的纵截面为方形的凹槽，然后采用镍基合金在该凹槽内通过丝网印刷的方式形成多孔金属膜，再在多孔金属膜的两端通过丝网印刷银浆，形成覆盖多孔金属膜的银电极，然后在进行烧结，得到雾化元件100。多孔金属膜的平均孔径为43μm，孔隙率为20％，厚度为98μm，至少部分多孔金属膜的孔与多孔陶瓷部101的孔相连通。
实施例4
本实施例的雾化元件100的结构如图13所示。采用多孔堇青石陶瓷作为多孔陶瓷部本体1011，其平均孔径为37μm，孔隙率为53％，厚度为3500μm。
先在上述多孔陶瓷部101的上表面通过丝网印刷的方式形成一对高度为85μm的柱状凸起，然后采用镍基合金在该对柱状凸起之间通过印刷方式形成多孔金属膜，再在多孔金属膜的两端通过丝网印刷银浆，形成覆盖多孔金属膜的银电极，然后在进行烧结，得到雾化元件100。多孔金属膜的平均孔径为50μm，孔隙率为18％，厚度为80μm，至少部分多孔金属膜的孔与多孔陶瓷部101的孔相连通。
实施例5
本实施例的雾化元件100的制备过程与实施例1大致相同，区别在于，采用镍基合金的泡沫金属在多孔陶瓷部101的上表面进行丝网印刷。泡沫金属的平均孔径为2mm，孔隙率为80％，厚度为270μm，至少部分泡沫金属的孔与多孔陶瓷部101的孔相连通。
对比例1
本对比例的雾化元件100的制备过程与实施例1大致相同，区别在于，通过丝网印刷在多孔陶瓷部101的上表面形成厚度为10μm的多孔金属膜，其平均孔径为10μm，孔隙率为8％。
测试例
将实施例1～实施例5和对比例1的雾化元件100组装为电子烟，并通过称重法进行雾化测试，结果列于表1。
表1
实施例烟雾量，mg烟雾口感
实施例1 6.2烟雾颗粒均匀，一致性好，口感纯，无杂味产生
实施例2 6.5烟雾颗粒均匀，一致性好，口感纯，无杂味产生
实施例3 6.7烟雾颗粒均匀，一致性好，口感纯，无杂味产生
实施例4 7.2烟雾颗粒均匀，一致性好，口感纯，无杂味产生
实施例5 5.8烟雾颗粒均匀，一致性好，口感纯，无杂味产生
对比例1 4.5烟雾颗粒较大，口感不均一，有杂味产生
由表1可见，实施例1～实施例5的雾化元件100能够对烟油进行充分雾化，有效改善烟雾口感，避免产生杂味。
上述雾化元件100中，多孔陶瓷部101用于导液与储液，多孔金属部102不仅能够用于输送雾化能量，同时也具有导液与储液的功能。上述雾化元件100至少具有以下优点：
(1)通过多孔金属部102的多孔结构可将烟油充分雾化，有效雾化比面积大大提高，雾化更加充分；
(2)烟雾的一致性要更佳，口感更纯，能够有效避免杂味的产生；
(3)热量能够被及时充分地传导给烟油，有效避免局部过热而发生干烧的现象。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种雾化元件，其特征在于，包括：
    多孔陶瓷部；及
    多孔金属部，与所述多孔陶瓷部接触，至少部分所述多孔陶瓷部的孔与所述多孔金属部的孔相连通，所述多孔金属部的厚度不低于30μm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔金属部的平均孔径为5μm～60μm，孔隙率为10％～50％，厚度为30μm～200μm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔金属部的平均孔径为0.1mm～5mm，孔隙率为60％～95％，厚度为50μm～1000μm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔陶瓷部具有雾化表面，所述多孔金属部设置于所述雾化表面上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔金属部在所述雾化表面上形成为直线形、曲线形、折线形、矩形、网格形或环形。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔金属部设置于所述多孔陶瓷部的内部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔陶瓷部形成有凹槽，所述多孔金属部填充于所述凹槽中。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述凹槽的纵截面的形状为方形、半圆形、V形或梯形。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔陶瓷部包括本体，所述本体上具有平行设置的多个凸起，所述多孔金属部填充于相邻的所述凸起之间。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔陶瓷部的平均孔径为10μm～50μm，孔隙率为30％～70％。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔金属部选自多孔镍制件、多孔钛制件、多孔镍铁合金制件、多孔镍铜合金制件、多孔镍铬合金制件和多孔铁铬铝合金制件中的至少一种。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔陶瓷部为多孔氧化铝陶瓷、多孔二氧化硅陶瓷、多孔碳化硅陶瓷、多孔堇青石陶瓷、多孔莫来石陶瓷、多孔海泡石陶瓷和多孔硅藻土陶瓷中的至少一种。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述多孔陶瓷部和所述多孔金属部相固接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，还包括电极，所述电极与所述多孔金属部接触。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的雾化元件，其特征在于，所述电极为银浆电极。
  16. 一种电子烟，其特征在于，包括权利要求1～15任意一项所述的雾化元件。
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