WO2021023066A1 - 变焦镜头、相机模组及电子装置 - Google Patents

变焦镜头、相机模组及电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021023066A1
WO2021023066A1 PCT/CN2020/105221 CN2020105221W WO2021023066A1 WO 2021023066 A1 WO2021023066 A1 WO 2021023066A1 CN 2020105221 W CN2020105221 W CN 2020105221W WO 2021023066 A1 WO2021023066 A1 WO 2021023066A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens group
lens
housing
opposite
side plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/105221
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐青
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority to EP20850021.5A priority Critical patent/EP4009094B1/en
Publication of WO2021023066A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021023066A1/zh
Priority to US17/589,112 priority patent/US20220155571A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/143—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only
    • G02B15/1435—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only the first group being negative
    • G02B15/143503—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective having three groups only the first group being negative arranged -+-
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
    • G02B13/0065—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element having a beam-folding prism or mirror
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/0055—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element
    • G02B13/0065—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element having a beam-folding prism or mirror
    • G02B13/007—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras employing a special optical element having a beam-folding prism or mirror the beam folding prism having at least one curved surface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G02B13/009—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras having zoom function
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/16—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/14—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective
    • G02B15/16—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group
    • G02B15/177—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by axial movement of one or more lenses or groups of lenses relative to the image plane for continuously varying the equivalent focal length of the objective with interdependent non-linearly related movements between one lens or lens group, and another lens or lens group having a negative front lens or group of lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/04—Prisms

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of consumer electronics technology, and in particular to a zoom lens, camera module and electronic device.
  • the mobile phone can use a periscope camera, allowing the periscope camera to lie flat inside the mobile phone.
  • the periscope camera usually has multiple sets of lenses, and the multiple sets of lenses usually follow the direction of the periscope camera lying flat. arrangement.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a zoom lens, a camera module, and an electronic device.
  • the zoom lens of the embodiment of the present application includes a first lens group, a second lens group, a third lens group, and a prism.
  • the first lens group has negative refractive power.
  • the prism includes an incident surface, a reflective surface, and an exit surface that are sequentially connected, and the first lens group is opposite to the incident surface.
  • the second lens group has a positive refractive power, and the second lens group is movable relative to the prism.
  • the third lens group has a negative refractive power, the third lens group is opposite to the exit surface, and the third lens group is movable relative to the prism.
  • the camera module of the embodiment of the present application includes a photosensitive element and a zoom lens.
  • the photosensitive element is arranged on the image side of the zoom lens.
  • the zoom lens includes a first lens group, a second lens group, a third lens group, and a prism.
  • the first lens group has negative refractive power.
  • the prism includes an incident surface, a reflective surface, and an exit surface that are sequentially connected, and the first lens group is opposite to the incident surface.
  • the second lens group has a positive refractive power, and the second lens group is movable relative to the prism.
  • the third lens group has a negative refractive power, the third lens group is opposite to the exit surface, and the third lens group is movable relative to the prism.
  • the electronic device of the present application includes a casing and a camera module.
  • the camera module is installed on the casing.
  • the camera module includes a photosensitive element and a zoom lens.
  • the photosensitive element is arranged on the image side of the zoom lens.
  • the zoom lens includes a first lens group, a second lens group, a third lens group, and a prism.
  • the first lens group has negative refractive power.
  • the prism includes an incident surface, a reflective surface, and an exit surface that are sequentially connected, and the first lens group is opposite to the incident surface.
  • the second lens group has a positive refractive power, and the second lens group is movable relative to the prism.
  • the third lens group has a negative refractive power, the third lens group is opposite to the exit surface, and the third lens group is movable relative to the prism.
  • the first lens group is opposite to the incident surface of the prism
  • the third lens group is opposite to the exit surface of the prism
  • the arrangement of the first lens group and the third lens group The directions are different, to avoid the zoom lens from being larger in a certain direction, and to facilitate the arrangement of the internal components of the electronic device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view from another perspective of the electronic device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly of a zoom lens in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of a zoom lens in some embodiments of the present application.
  • 5a and 5b are schematic cross-sectional views of the zoom lens in FIG. 3 along the line V-V under different focal lengths.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the zoom lens in FIG. 3 along the line VI-VI.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the zoom lens in Fig. 3 along line VII-VII.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a lens of a zoom lens in some embodiments.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the zoom lens in Fig. 3 along line IX-IX.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the zoom lens in some embodiments taken by the section line corresponding to the line V-V in Fig. 3.
  • the “on” or “under” of the first feature on the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirectly through an intermediary. contact.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • the zoom lens 10 includes a first lens group 122, a second lens group 142, a third lens group 162, and a prism 132.
  • the first lens group 122 has negative refractive power.
  • the prism 132 includes an incident surface 136, a reflective surface 137, and an exit surface 138 connected in sequence, and the first lens group 122 is opposite to the incident surface 136.
  • the second lens group 142 has a positive refractive power, and the second lens group 142 can move relative to the prism 132.
  • the third lens group 162 has negative refractive power, the third lens group 162 is opposite to the exit surface 138, and the third lens group 162 can move relative to the prism 132.
  • the second lens group 142 may also be located between the third lens group 162 and the exit surface 138.
  • the second lens group 142 may also be located between the first lens group 122 and the incident surface 136.
  • the first lens group 122, the second lens group 142, and the third lens group 162 each include one or more lenses, and at least one lens is a part of the revolving body.
  • the zoom lens 10 when the zoom lens 10 is in a wide-angle state (as shown in FIG. 5a), the first on-axis distance z11 between the prism 132 and the second lens group 142 is larger than the zoom
  • the first on-axis distance z12 between the prism 132 and the second lens group 142 when the zoom lens 10 is in the wide-angle state, the second lens group 142 and the third lens
  • the second on-axis distance z21 between the groups 162 is greater than the second on-axis distance z21 between the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162 when the zoom lens 10 is in the telephoto state.
  • the zoom lens 10 includes a housing 11, a first moving component 14, and a second moving component 16.
  • the housing 11 includes a substrate 111 and a substrate 111.
  • the side plate 112 is provided with a sliding groove 1127;
  • the first moving assembly 14 includes a first housing 141 and a second lens group 142.
  • the second lens group 142 is mounted on the first housing 141;
  • the second moving assembly 16 includes a second housing 161 and a third lens group 162.
  • the third lens group 162 is mounted on the second housing 161;
  • the first housing 141 includes a first body 143 and a first slider 144 connected to the first body 143;
  • the second housing 161 includes a second body 163 and a second body 163 is connected to the second sliding block 164;
  • the sliding groove 1127 extends along the optical axis of the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162, the first sliding block 144 and the second sliding block 164 are slidably installed in the sliding groove 1127
  • the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162 are respectively driven to slide.
  • the housing 11 further includes a cover 112, the cover 112 is disposed on the side plate 112, and the first housing 141 further includes a first top surface 148 and a first top surface 148 opposite to each other. A bottom 149.
  • the first top surface 148 is opposite to the cover plate 113.
  • the first bottom surface 149 is opposite to the carrying surface 1111 of the substrate 111.
  • the first bottom surface 149 is provided with a first groove 1491, the surface of the substrate 111 opposite to the first bottom surface 149 (ie, the bearing surface 1111) is formed with a first slide rail 1112, and the first moving assembly 14 further includes a first ball 150, The first rolling ball 150 is disposed in the first groove 1491 and abuts against the bottom of the first slide rail 1112.
  • the side plate 112 is provided with a mounting groove 1128, one end of the mounting groove 1128 penetrates the surface of the side plate 112 opposite to the base plate 11, and the other end of the mounting groove 1128 is connected to slide
  • the groove 1127, the first sliding block 144 and the second sliding block 164 are installed in the sliding groove 1127 through the installation groove 1128.
  • the camera module 100 includes a zoom lens 10 and a photosensitive element 50, and the photosensitive element 50 is installed on the image side of the zoom lens 10.
  • the zoom lens 10 includes a first lens group 122, a second lens group 142, a third lens group 162, and a prism 132.
  • the first lens group 122 has negative refractive power.
  • the prism 132 includes an incident surface 136, a reflective surface 137, and an exit surface 138 connected in sequence.
  • the first lens group 122 is opposite to the incident surface 136.
  • the second lens group 142 has a positive refractive power, and the second lens group 142 can move relative to the prism 132.
  • the third lens group 162 has negative refractive power, the third lens group 162 is opposite to the exit surface 138, and the third lens group 162 can move relative to the prism 132.
  • the second lens group 142 may also be located between the third lens group 162 and the exit surface 138.
  • the second lens group 142 may also be located between the first lens group 122 and the incident surface 136.
  • the first lens group 122, the second lens group 142, and the third lens group 162 each include one or more lenses, and at least one lens is a part of the revolving body.
  • the zoom lens 10 when the zoom lens 10 is in a wide-angle state (as shown in FIG. 5a), the first on-axis distance z11 between the prism 132 and the second lens group 142 is larger than the zoom
  • the first on-axis distance z12 between the prism 132 and the second lens group 142 when the zoom lens 10 is in the wide-angle state, the second lens group 142 and the third lens
  • the second on-axis distance z21 between the groups 162 is greater than the second on-axis distance z21 between the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162 when the zoom lens 10 is in the telephoto state.
  • the zoom lens 10 includes a housing 11, a first moving component 14, and a second moving component 16.
  • the housing 11 includes a substrate 111 and a substrate 111.
  • the side plate 112 is provided with a sliding groove 1127;
  • the first moving assembly 14 includes a first housing 141 and a second lens group 142.
  • the second lens group 142 is mounted on the first housing 141;
  • the second moving assembly 16 includes a second housing 161 and a third lens group 162.
  • the third lens group 162 is mounted on the second housing 161;
  • the first housing 141 includes a first body 143 and a first slider 144 connected to the first body 143;
  • the second housing 161 includes a second body 163 and a second body 163 is connected to the second sliding block 164;
  • the sliding groove 1127 extends along the optical axis of the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162, the first sliding block 144 and the second sliding block 164 are slidably installed in the sliding groove 1127
  • the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162 are respectively driven to slide.
  • the housing 11 further includes a cover 112, the cover 112 is disposed on the side plate 112, and the first housing 141 further includes a first top surface 148 and a first top surface 148 opposite to each other. A bottom 149.
  • the first top surface 148 is opposite to the cover plate 113.
  • the first bottom surface 149 is opposite to the carrying surface 1111 of the substrate 111.
  • the first bottom surface 149 is provided with a first groove 1491, the surface of the substrate 111 opposite to the first bottom surface 149 (ie, the bearing surface 1111) is formed with a first slide rail 1112, and the first moving assembly 14 further includes a first ball 150, The first rolling ball 150 is disposed in the first groove 1491 and abuts against the bottom of the first slide rail 1112.
  • the side plate 112 is provided with a mounting groove 1128, one end of the mounting groove 1128 penetrates the surface of the side plate 112 opposite to the base plate 11, and the other end of the mounting groove 1128 is connected to slide
  • the groove 1127, the first sliding block 144 and the second sliding block 164 are installed in the sliding groove 1127 through the installation groove 1128.
  • the electronic device 1000 of the embodiment of the present application includes a housing 200 and the camera module 100 of any of the above embodiments.
  • the camera module 100 is installed on the casing 200.
  • the optical axis O'direction of the first lens group 122 is consistent with and parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000, and the optical axis O direction of the third lens group 162 is perpendicular to the electronic device 1000.
  • the thickness direction of the device 1000 is consistent with and parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000.
  • the electronic device 1000 includes a housing 200 and a camera module 100.
  • the camera module 100 is combined with the casing 200.
  • the electronic device 1000 may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a display, a notebook computer, a teller machine, a gate, a smart watch, a head-mounted display device, a game console, and the like.
  • the embodiments of this application are described by taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example. It can be understood that the specific form of the electronic device 1000 is not limited to a mobile phone.
  • the housing 200 can be used to install the camera module 100, or in other words, the housing 200 can be used as an installation carrier of the camera module 100.
  • the electronic device 1000 includes a front 901 and a back 902.
  • the camera module 100 can be set on the front 901 as a front camera, and the camera module 100 can also be set on the back 902 as a rear camera. In the embodiment of the application, the camera module 100 is set On the back 902 as a rear camera.
  • the housing 200 can also be used to install functional modules such as the camera module 100, power supply device, and communication device of the electronic device 1000, so that the housing 200 provides protection against dust, drop, and water for the functional modules.
  • the camera module 100 includes a zoom lens 10 and a photosensitive element 50, and the photosensitive element 50 is installed on the image side of the zoom lens 10.
  • the photosensitive element 50 may be a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, CMOS) photosensitive element, or a charge-coupled device (Charge-coupled Device, CCD) photosensitive element.
  • CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
  • CCD Charge-coupled Device
  • the zoom lens 10 includes a first lens group 122, a second lens group 142, a third lens group 162, and a prism 132.
  • the first lens group 122 has negative refractive power.
  • the prism 132 includes an incident surface 136, a reflective surface 137, and an exit surface 138 connected in sequence, and the first lens group 122 is opposite to the incident surface 136.
  • the second lens group 142 has a positive refractive power, and the second lens group 142 can move relative to the prism 132.
  • the third lens group 162 has negative refractive power, the third lens group 162 is opposite to the exit surface 138, and the third lens group 162 can move relative to the prism 132.
  • the incident surface 136 of the first lens group 122 and the prism 132 are opposite, the third lens group 162 and the exit surface 138 of the prism 132 are opposite, and the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162 can move relative to the prism 132, so that the zoom
  • the focal length of the lens 10 is variable, so that the zoom lens 10 not only has a periscope structure as a whole, but can also achieve optical zoom.
  • the size of the current periscope camera is relatively large, which makes it difficult to arrange the remaining components inside the mobile phone.
  • the first lens group 122 is opposite to the incident surface 136 of the prism 132
  • the third lens group 162 is opposite to the exit surface 138 of the prism 132
  • the first lens group 122 and the third lens group 162 are opposite to each other.
  • the arrangement direction is different, so as to avoid the zoom lens 10 from being large in a certain direction, and to facilitate the arrangement of the internal components of the electronic device 1000.
  • the first lens group 122 forms an optical axis O'
  • the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162 form an optical axis O
  • the direction parallel to the optical axis O is defined as the x direction
  • the direction parallel to the optical axis O' is defined as the z direction, which is perpendicular to the plane where the optical axis O and the optical axis O'are located
  • the direction is the y direction, and the x direction, the y direction and the z direction are perpendicular to each other.
  • the zoom lens 10 includes a housing 11, a lens assembly 12, a prism assembly 13, a first moving assembly 14, and a second moving assembly 16.
  • the lens assembly 12, the prism assembly 13, the first moving assembly 14, and the second moving assembly 16 are all arranged in the housing 11. Both the first moving component 14 and the second moving component 16 can move relative to the prism component 13.
  • the housing 11 includes a base plate 111, a side plate 112, and a cover plate 113.
  • the base plate 111, the side plate 112 and the cover plate 113 enclose a receiving space 114, and the lens assembly 12, the prism assembly 13, the first moving assembly 14, and the second moving assembly 16 are all disposed in the receiving space 114.
  • the substrate 111 includes a carrying surface 1111.
  • the bearing surface 1111 is used for bearing the side plate 112 and the zoom lens 10.
  • the substrate 111 may be a rectangular parallelepiped structure, a cube structure, a cylindrical structure, or a structure of other shapes, etc., which is not limited herein. In this embodiment, the substrate 111 has a rectangular parallelepiped structure.
  • the side plate 112 is arranged around the edge of the base plate 111.
  • the side plate 112 is perpendicular to the carrying surface 1111 of the substrate 111.
  • the side plate 112 can be arranged on the base plate 111 by means of gluing, screwing, snapping and the like.
  • the side plate 112 can also be integrally formed with the base plate 111.
  • the side plate 112 includes an inner side 1121, an outer side 1122, an upper surface 1123 and a lower surface 1124.
  • the inner side 1121 is opposite to the outer side 1122, the inner side 1121 is located in the receiving space 114, the outer side 1122 is located outside the receiving space 114, the inner side 1121 is connected to the upper surface 1123 and the lower surface 1124, and the outer side 1122 is also connected to the upper surface 1123 And the lower surface 1124 are connected.
  • the upper surface 1123 and the lower surface 1124 are opposite to each other.
  • the lower surface 1124 is combined with the bearing surface 1111 of the substrate 111, and the upper surface 1123 is opposite to the bearing surface 1111 of the substrate 111.
  • the side plate 112 further includes a first side plate 1125 and a second side plate 1126 that are parallel to the x direction.
  • the first side plate 1125 and the second side plate 1126 are opposite.
  • the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and/or the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 are provided with a sliding groove 1127 and an installation groove 1128.
  • the inner surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is provided with a sliding groove 1127 and a mounting groove 1128
  • the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is provided with a sliding groove 1127 and a mounting groove 1128
  • the first side plate 1125 The inner side surface 1121 and the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 are both provided with a sliding groove 1127 and an installation groove 1128.
  • the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 are both provided with a sliding groove 1127 and a mounting groove 1128, and the extending direction of the sliding groove 1127 is parallel to the bearing surface 1111.
  • the sliding groove 1127 is connected to the receiving space 114, and the extending direction of the sliding groove 1127 is also parallel to the x direction.
  • the groove depth of the sliding groove 1127 is smaller than the thickness of the side plate 112, that is, the sliding groove 1127 does not penetrate the outer surface of the side plate 112 1122.
  • the sliding groove 1127 may penetrate the outer side surface 1122 of the side plate 112 to make the receiving space 114 communicate with the outside.
  • the number of sliding grooves 1127 formed on the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 may be one or more.
  • the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is provided with a sliding groove 1127
  • the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is provided with a sliding groove 1127
  • the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is provided with two Slide groove 1127
  • the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is provided with two slide grooves 1127
  • the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is provided with a slide groove 1127
  • the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is provided There are two chutes 1127 and so on, which are not listed here.
  • both the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 are provided with a sliding groove 1127.
  • the shape of the sliding groove 1127 cut by a plane perpendicular to the x direction is a rectangle, a semicircle, or other shapes, such as other regular shapes or irregular shapes. Please refer to FIG. 7.
  • the shape of the chute 1127 intercepted by a plane perpendicular to the x direction is an irregular shaped shape, which is enclosed by a straight line and an arc to form a closed "D" shape.
  • the truncated shape of the inner wall of the sliding groove 1127 corresponds to the arc part of the "D" shape.
  • the installation groove 1128 is connected with the receiving space 114, one end of the installation groove 1128 penetrates the upper surface 1123 of the side plate 112, and the other end of the installation groove 1128 is connected with the sliding groove 1127.
  • the extending direction of the mounting groove 1128 may be perpendicular or inclined to the extending direction of the sliding groove 1127.
  • the extending direction of the mounting groove 1128 is perpendicular to the x direction, or the extending direction of the mounting groove 1128 is at a certain inclination angle to the x direction (not for 0 degrees, can be 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 75 degrees, etc.).
  • the extending direction of the mounting groove 1128 is perpendicular to the x direction.
  • the number of the installation grooves 1128 provided on the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 can be one or more.
  • the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is provided with a mounting groove 1128
  • the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is provided with a mounting groove 1128
  • the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is provided with two Installation groove 1128
  • the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is provided with two installation grooves 1128
  • the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is provided with one installation groove 1128
  • the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is opened
  • the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 are both provided with two installation grooves 1128.
  • the cover plate 113 is disposed on the side plate 112. Specifically, the cover plate 113 can be installed on the upper surface 1123 of the side plate 112 by means of snapping, screwing, gluing, or the like.
  • the cover plate 113 includes a cover plate body 1131, a resisting portion 1132 and a boss 1133.
  • the cover body 1131 is combined with the upper surface 1123 of the side plate 112.
  • the cover body 1131 is connected to the boss 1133, and the boss 1133 is located at one end of the side plate 112 and opposite to the prism assembly 13.
  • the boss 1133 is provided on the upper surface 1123 of the side plate 112.
  • the surface of the boss 1133 opposite to the side plate 112 is provided with a light entrance 1134, and the depth direction of the light entrance 1134 may be perpendicular to the x direction, so that the camera module 100 has a periscope structure as a whole.
  • the boss 1133 is provided with an installation space 1135, the installation space 1135 is connected to the receiving space 114, and the lens assembly 12 is disposed in the installation space 1135.
  • the cover body 1131 is disposed on the upper surface 1123 of the side plate 112 and is opposite to the first moving component 14 and the second moving component 16.
  • the resisting portions 1132 are provided on both sides of the cover body 1131. Specifically, the resisting portions 1132 are located on the two sides of the cover body 1131 corresponding to the first side plate 1125 and the second side plate 1126 respectively. When the cover plate 113 is installed on the side plate 112, the resisting portion 1132 is located in the mounting groove 1128, and the length L of the resisting portion 1132 in the z direction is equal to the depth H of the mounting groove 1128 in the z direction.
  • the resisting portion 1132 located in the mounting groove 1128 may be: the resisting portion 1132 is located in the mounting groove 1128 and occupies part of the space of the mounting groove 1128; the resisting portion 1132 is located in the mounting groove 1128 or it may be: the resisting portion 1132 is located in the mounting groove 1128 and completely fill the installation slot 1128.
  • the resisting portion 1132 when the resisting portion 1132 is installed in the mounting groove 1128, the resisting portion 1132 completely fills the mounting groove 1128, and the resisting portion 1132 and the mounting groove 1128 are more firmly combined, so that the cover plate 113 and the side plate 112 The connection is stronger.
  • the light entrance 1134 is not a through hole, but a light-transmitting physical structure from which light can enter the installation space 1135 and enter the lens assembly 12.
  • the lens assembly 12 includes a fixed housing 121 and a first lens group 122.
  • the first lens group 122 is disposed in the fixed case 121.
  • the fixed shell 121 is arranged in the installation space 1135 opened by the boss 1133 of the cover plate 113. Specifically, the fixed shell 121 can be installed in the installation space 1135 by gluing, screwing, snapping, etc., and the fixed shell 121 can also be connected with the convex
  • the table 1133 is integrally formed.
  • the fixed shell 121 includes a light entrance hole 123, a light exit hole 124 and a receiving cavity 125.
  • the light inlet hole 123 and the light outlet hole 124 connect the receiving cavity 125 with the installation space 1135.
  • the light entrance hole 123 is opposite to the light entrance 1134 of the boss 1133, and the light exit hole 124 is opposite to the prism assembly 13.
  • the first lens group 122 is located in the accommodating cavity 125, and the first lens group 122 can be installed in the fixed housing 121 by gluing, screwing, snapping, or the like.
  • the first lens group 122 may be a single lens, which is a convex lens or a concave lens; or the first lens group 122 includes multiple lenses (such as two, three, etc.), and the multiple lenses may be convex lenses or concave lenses, or part of them Convex lens, partly concave lens.
  • the first lens group 122 includes two lenses.
  • the lenses in the first lens group 122 may be glass lenses or plastic lenses.
  • the lens in the first lens group 122 is a part of the revolving body.
  • the lenses in the first lens group 122 are first formed into a revolving lens S1 through a mold, and then the edge of the revolving lens S1 is cut.
  • the cutting ratio is based on the size of the internal space of the electronic device 1000 and the zoom lens
  • the optical parameters and other factors of 10 are determined to form the approximately cube or cuboid lens S2 shown in FIG.
  • the first lens group 8 (the surface of the cube or cuboid lens S2 is recessed or raised by the optical axis O'); or, the first lens group
  • the lenses in 122 are all made directly using a special mold, and the cavity of the mold is a part of the revolving body, so that the lenses in the first lens group 122 are directly made. In this way, the volume of the lenses in the first lens group 122 is greatly reduced, so that the overall volume of the zoom lens 10 is reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the electronic device 1000.
  • the prism assembly 13 is disposed on the carrying surface 1111 of the substrate 111 and is located in the receiving space 114.
  • the prism assembly 13 includes a mounting table 131 and a prism 132.
  • the mounting table 131 is disposed on the carrying surface 1111 of the substrate 111. Specifically, the mounting table 131 can be installed on the carrying surface 1111 by gluing, screwing, snapping, etc., and the mounting table 131 can also be integrally formed with the substrate 111.
  • the mounting platform 131 includes a light-inlet through hole 133, a light-out through hole 134 and an accommodation cavity 135.
  • the light entrance through hole 133 and the light exit through hole 134 connect the accommodating cavity 135 and the accommodating space 114.
  • the light entrance through hole 133 is opposite to the light exit hole 124 of the lens assembly 12, and the light exit through hole 134 is opposite to the first moving assembly 14.
  • the prism 132 is disposed in the accommodating cavity 135, and the prism 132 can be installed on the mounting table 131 by gluing, clamping, or the like.
  • the prism 132 includes an incident surface 136, a reflecting surface 137, and an emitting surface 138.
  • the reflecting surface 137 obliquely connects the incident surface 136 and the emitting surface 138.
  • the angle between the reflecting surface 137 and the bearing surface 1111 can be 15 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, and 60 degrees. In this embodiment, the angle between the reflective surface 137 and the bearing surface 1111 is 45 degrees.
  • the incident surface 136 is opposite to the light through hole 133, and the exit surface 138 is opposite to the light through hole 134.
  • the prism 132 is used to change the exit direction of the light entering the light through hole 133.
  • the prism 132 may be a triangular prism 132.
  • the cross section of the prism 132 is a right-angled triangle.
  • the two right-angled sides of the right-angled triangle are respectively formed by the incident surface 136 and the exit surface 138, and the hypotenuse of the right-angled triangle is formed by the reflective surface 137.
  • the first moving assembly 14 includes a first housing 141 and a second lens group 142.
  • the second lens group 142 is mounted on the first housing 141.
  • the first housing 141 slides, the first housing 141 drives the second lens group 142 to slide.
  • the first housing 141 includes a first body 143 and a first slider 144.
  • the first slider 144 is fixedly connected to the first body 143.
  • the first body 143 is provided with a first light inlet 145 and a first light outlet 146 corresponding to the second lens group 142.
  • the first body 143 is formed with a first accommodating space 147 for accommodating the second lens group 142, and the first accommodating space 147 communicates with the accommodating space 114 through the first light inlet 145 and the first light outlet 146.
  • the first light entrance 145 is opposite to the light exit hole 134 of the prism assembly 13, and the first light exit 146 is opposite to the second moving assembly 16.
  • the first sliding block 144 is located on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and/or the second side plate 1126.
  • the first slider 144 is located on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125; or, the first slider 144 is located on the inner side 1121 of the first body 143 and the second side plate 1126. Opposite surface; or, the first slider 144 is located on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the second side plate 1126.
  • the first slider 144 is located on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the second side plate 1126.
  • the first sliding block 144 passes through the installation groove 1128 and then slides into the sliding groove 1127 so that the first sliding block 144 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 1127.
  • the number of the first sliding block 144 matches the number of the corresponding mounting groove 1128.
  • the matching of the number of first sliders 144 with the number of corresponding mounting grooves 1128 means that: the number of first sliders 144 on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125
  • the number of installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner surface 1121 of the side plate 1125 is the same, both are two; the number of the first sliders 144 on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is the same as
  • the number of the installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is the same, both are two, and the two first sliding blocks 144 correspond to the two installation grooves 1128 one to one.
  • the number of the first slider 144 may be less than the number of the mounting grooves 1128, for example, the first slider 144 located on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 The number is less than the number of installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125, and the number of the first sliders 144 located on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is less than The number of installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126.
  • the length d1 of the first sliding block 144 along the x direction is less than or equal to the length d2 of the mounting groove 1128 along the x direction, so that the first sliding block 144 can slide into the sliding groove 1127 after passing through the mounting groove 1128.
  • the shape of the first slider 144 intercepted by the plane perpendicular to the x-direction can be rectangular, semicircular, or other shapes, such as other regular shapes or irregular shapes, as long as the shape of the first slider 144 and the corresponding
  • the shape of the chute 1127 can be matched.
  • matching the shape of the first sliding block 144 with the corresponding sliding groove 1127 means that when the sliding groove 1127 opened on the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is cut by a plane perpendicular to the x direction, the cross section is rectangular.
  • the cross section of the first slider 144 on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 cut by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is also rectangular; when the inner side of the second side plate 1126 The cross section of the sliding groove 1127 opened on the side surface 1121 cut by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is rectangular, and the first slider 144 located on the surface of the first body 143 opposite to the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is vertical
  • the cross-section cut on the surface in the x-direction is also rectangular; when the sliding groove 1127 opened on the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is a semicircular cross-section cut by the surface perpendicular to the x-direction, it is located in the first body
  • the cross-section of the first slider 144 on the surface of the 143 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 by the plane perpendicular to the x direction is also semicircular; when the inner side
  • the shape of the first sliding block 144 intercepted by a plane perpendicular to the x direction is an irregular shaped shape, and the shaped shape is enclosed by a straight line and an arc.
  • the shape of the outer wall of the first sliding block 144 which is cut off corresponds to the arc part of the "D" shape.
  • the matching of the shape of the first slider 144 with the shape of the corresponding sliding groove 1127 means that the curvature of the arc corresponding to the inner wall of the sliding groove 1127 and the arc corresponding to the outer wall of the first slider 144 are the same. In this way, the first sliding block 144 and the sliding groove 1127 can be better matched.
  • the opposite ends of the first sliding block 144 and the opposite ends of the inner wall of the sliding groove 1127 conflict. Specifically, when the first sliding block 144 is installed in the sliding groove 1127, in the z direction, the opposite ends of the first sliding block 144 corresponding to the first side plate 1125 are covered by the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125.
  • the second lens group 142 is disposed in the first accommodating space 147.
  • the second lens group 142 can be installed in the first accommodating space 147 by means of gluing, screwing, snapping, or the like.
  • the second lens group 142 may be a single lens, which is a convex lens or a concave lens; or the second lens group 142 includes multiple lenses (such as two, three, etc.), and the multiple lenses may be convex lenses or concave lenses, or part of them Convex lens, partly concave lens.
  • the second lens group 142 includes three lenses.
  • the lenses in the second lens group 142 may be glass lenses or plastic lenses.
  • the lens in the second lens group 142 is a part of the rotating body.
  • the lenses in the second lens group 142 are first formed into a revolving lens S1 through a mold, and then the edge of the revolving lens S1 is cut.
  • the cutting ratio is based on factors such as the size of the internal space of the electronic device 1000 and the optical parameters of the zoom lens 10. Determined to form an approximately cube or cuboid lens S2 shown in FIG.
  • the lenses in the second lens group 142 are all specially made
  • the mold is made directly, and the cavity of the mold is a part of the revolving body, so as to directly make the lens in the second lens group 142. In this way, the volume of the lenses in the second lens group 142 is greatly reduced, so that the overall volume of the zoom lens 10 is reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the electronic device 1000.
  • the second moving assembly 16 includes a second housing 161 and a third lens group 162.
  • the third lens group 162 is mounted on the second housing 161. When the second housing 161 slides, the second housing 161 drives the third lens group 162 to slide.
  • the second housing 161 includes a second body 163 and a second slider 164.
  • the second slider 164 is fixedly connected to the second body 163.
  • the second body 163 is provided with a second light inlet 165 and a second light outlet 166 corresponding to the third lens group 162.
  • the second body 163 is formed with a second accommodating space 167 for accommodating the third lens group 162, and the second accommodating space 167 communicates with the accommodating space 114 through the second light inlet 165 and the second light outlet 166.
  • the second light inlet 165 is opposite to the first light outlet 146 of the first moving assembly 14, and the second light outlet 165 is opposite to the photosensitive element 50.
  • the second slider 164 is located on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and/or the second side plate 1126.
  • the second slider 164 is located on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125; or, the second slider 164 is located on the inner side 1121 of the second body 163 and the second side plate 1126.
  • the opposite surface; or, the second slider 164 is located on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the second side plate 1126.
  • the second slider 164 is located on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and the second side plate 1126.
  • the second sliding block 164 passes through the installation groove 1128 and then slides into the sliding groove 1127 so that the second sliding block 164 is slidably disposed in the sliding groove 1127.
  • the number of second sliding blocks 164 matches the number of corresponding mounting slots 1128. Matching the number of second sliders 164 with the number of corresponding mounting grooves 1128 means that the number of second sliders 164 on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is equal to the number of The number of installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner side surface 1121 of the side plate 1125 is the same, both are two; the number of the second sliders 164 on the surface of the second main body 163 opposite to the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is equal to The number of the installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is the same, both are two, and the two second sliding blocks 164 correspond to the two installation grooves 1128 one to one.
  • the number of the second sliders 164 may be less than the number of the mounting grooves 1128, for example, the second sliders 164 located on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 The number is less than the number of installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125, and the number of the second sliders 164 on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is less than The number of installation grooves 1128 opened on the inner surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126.
  • the length d3 of the second sliding block 164 along the x direction is less than or equal to the length d2 of the mounting groove 1128 along the x direction, so that the second sliding block 164 can slide into the sliding groove 1127 after passing through the mounting groove 1128.
  • the shape of the second slider 164 intercepted by the plane perpendicular to the x direction may be a rectangle, a semicircle, or other shapes, such as other regular shapes or irregular shapes, as long as the shape of the second slider 164 and the corresponding
  • the shape of the chute 1127 can be matched.
  • matching the shape of the second sliding block 164 with the corresponding sliding groove 1127 means that when the sliding groove 1127 opened on the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is cut by a plane perpendicular to the x direction, the cross section is rectangular.
  • the cross section of the second slider 164 on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 cut by the plane perpendicular to the x direction is also rectangular; when the inner side of the second side plate 1126 The cross section of the sliding groove 1127 opened on the side surface 1121 cut by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is rectangular, and the second sliding block 164 located on the surface of the second body 163 opposite to the inner side surface 1121 of the second side plate 1126 is vertical
  • the cross-section cut on the surface in the x-direction is also rectangular; when the sliding groove 1127 opened on the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125 is a semicircular cross-section cut by the surface perpendicular to the x-direction, it is located in the second body
  • the cross section of the second slider 164 on the surface of the 163 opposite to the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125, which is cut by the surface perpendicular to the x direction, is also semicircular
  • the shape of the second slider 164 cut by the plane perpendicular to the x direction is an irregular shaped shape, and the shaped shape is enclosed by a straight line and an arc.
  • the cut-off shape of the outer wall of the second slider 164 corresponds to the arc part of the "D" shape.
  • the matching of the shape of the second sliding block 164 with the shape of the corresponding sliding groove 1127 means that the curvature of the arc corresponding to the inner wall of the sliding groove 1127 and the arc corresponding to the outer wall of the second sliding block 164 are the same. In this way, the second sliding block 164 and the sliding groove 1127 can be better matched.
  • opposite ends of the second sliding block 164 conflict with opposite ends of the inner wall of the sliding groove 1127. Specifically, when the second slider 164 is installed in the sliding groove 1127, in the z direction, the opposite ends of the second slider 164 corresponding to the first side plate 1125 are covered by the inner side surface 1121 of the first side plate 1125.
  • the third lens group 162 is disposed in the second accommodating space 167.
  • the third lens group 162 can be installed in the second accommodating space 167 by means of gluing, screwing, snapping, or the like.
  • the third lens group 162 can be a single lens, which is a convex lens or a concave lens; or the third lens group 162 includes a plurality of lenses (such as two, three, etc.), and the plurality of lenses can be convex or concave lenses, or part of them Convex lens, partly concave lens.
  • the third lens group 162 includes two lenses.
  • the lenses in the third lens group 162 may be glass lenses or plastic lenses.
  • the lens in the third lens group 162 is a part of the rotating body.
  • the lenses in the third lens group 162 are first formed into a revolving lens S1 through a mold, and then the edges of the revolving lens S1 are cut.
  • the cutting ratio is based on factors such as the size of the internal space of the electronic device 1000 and the optical parameters of the zoom lens 10. Determined to form an approximately cube or cuboid lens S2 shown in FIG.
  • the surface of the cube or cuboid lens S2 is recessed or raised by the optical axis O; or, the lenses in the third lens group 162 are all specially made
  • the mold is directly manufactured, and the cavity of the mold is a part of the revolving body, so that the lenses in the third lens group 162 are directly manufactured. In this way, the volume of the lenses in the third lens group 162 is greatly reduced, so that the overall volume of the zoom lens 10 is reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the electronic device 1000.
  • the lens assembly 12 is disposed in the installation space 1135 of the boss 1133, and the second moving assembly 16, the first moving assembly 14, and the prism assembly 13 are along the x direction (image side to The object side) are sequentially arranged in the containing space 114.
  • the lens assembly 12 is fixedly arranged on the boss 1133, the prism assembly 13 is fixedly arranged on the bearing surface 1111 of the substrate 111, and the lens assembly 12 and the prism assembly 13 are opposite; the first slider 144 of the first moving assembly 14 penetrates the mounting groove 1128 After sliding into the sliding groove 1127, the second sliding block 164 of the second moving assembly 16 passes through the mounting groove 1128 and then sliding into the sliding groove 1127, so that the first sliding block 144 and the second sliding block 164 are slidably It is arranged in the sliding groove 1127 so that the first moving component 14 and the second moving component 16 are slidably connected to the side plate 112.
  • the first sliding block 144 is fixedly connected to the first main body 143
  • the second sliding block 164 is fixedly connected to the second main body 163.
  • the second lens group 142 is driven to move, and the second body 163 drives the third lens group 162 to move, so that the relative distance between the second lens group 142 and the prism 132 and the relative distance between the third lens group 162 and the prism 132 change, and at the same time,
  • the relative distance between the second lens group 142 and the first lens group 122 on the optical axis O changes, and the relative distance between the third lens group 162 and the first lens group 122 on the optical axis O changes, so as to realize the zoom lens 10 Zoom.
  • the distance z11 between the prism 132 and the second lens group 142 on the first axis is greater than that of the zoom lens 10.
  • the distance between the prism 132 and the second lens group 142 is z12 on the first axis (as shown in FIG. 5b).
  • the upper distance z21 is greater than the second on-axis distance z21 between the second lens group 142 and the third lens group 162 when the zoom lens 10 is in the telephoto state.
  • the zoom lens 10 changes from the wide-angle state to the telephoto state
  • the second lens group 142 moves closer to the prism 132 (the pitch on the first axis decreases)
  • the third lens group 162 moves closer to the second lens group 142 , And the distance on the second axis is reduced.
  • the first-axis distance z11 when the zoom lens 10 is in the wide-angle state is smaller than the first-axis distance z12 when the zoom lens 10 is in the telephoto state
  • the second-axis distance when the zoom lens 10 is in the wide-angle state The distance z21 is smaller than the second axis distance z22 when the zoom lens 10 is in the telephoto state; or, the first axis distance z11 when the zoom lens 10 is in the wide-angle state is smaller than the first axis distance when the zoom lens 10 is in the telephoto state z12, the second axis spacing z21 when the zoom lens 10 is in the wide-angle state is greater than the second axis spacing z22 when the zoom lens 10 is in the telephoto state, etc.
  • the first The change trend of the on-axis spacing z1 and the second-axis spacing z2 can be determined according to the parameters of the first lens group 122 to the third lens group 162 (such as surface parameters, aspheric coefficient parameters, etc.), and will not be one by one here. Enumerate.
  • the zoom lens 10 varies the focal length according to the magnitude of the decrease in the pitch on the first axis and the pitch on the second axis. For example, as the pitch on the first axis and the pitch on the second axis gradually decrease, the zoom The focal length of the lens 10 gradually increases. For another example, as the distance on the first axis and the distance on the second axis gradually decrease, the focal length of the zoom lens 10 gradually increases, and so on. In this embodiment, as the distance on the first axis and the distance on the second axis gradually decrease, the focal length of the zoom lens 10 gradually increases. In this way, the zoom lens 10 can control the focal length to gradually change.
  • the focal length gradually changes from 1 times the initial focal length to the initial focal length (the initial focal length is when the zoom lens 10 is at The focal length in the wide-angle state) is 10 times, so that the zoom lens 10 realizes a 10 times optical zoom.
  • the cover plate 113 is mounted on the side plate 112, and the cover The abutting portion 1132 of the plate 113 is completely filled in the installation groove 1128.
  • the optical axis O'of the first lens group 122 is consistent with and parallel to the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000, and the optical axis O of the third lens group 162
  • the direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the electronic device 1000, so that the zoom lens 10 realizes a periscope structure.
  • the thickness of the zoom lens 10 along the x direction is smaller than the thickness of the electronic device 1000, and the length of the zoom lens 10 along the y direction is smaller than the width of the electronic device 1000, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the electronic device 1000.
  • the electronic device 1000 may include a driving structure.
  • the driving structure may be a magnetic driving structure arranged in the accommodating space 114.
  • the magnetic driving structure includes a magnetic coil and a magnet.
  • the magnetic coil may be arranged on the prism assembly 13 and the first movable
  • the components 14 can also be located between the first moving component 14 and the second moving component 16, or between the second moving component 16 and the photosensitive element 50; the magnet can be arranged on the first body of the first moving component 14 143 and the second body 163 of the second moving assembly 16.
  • the driving structure may also be a linear motor
  • the stator of the first linear motor can be fixedly installed on the inner side 1121
  • the mover of the linear motor extends from the stator and is connected to the first body 143
  • the stator of the second linear motor It is also fixedly installed on the inner side 1121.
  • the mover of the linear motor extends from the stator and is connected to the second body 163.
  • the second body 163 is driven to move linearly (the second sliding block 164 slides in the sliding groove 1127) .
  • the first linear motor can be arranged on the inner side 1121 of the first side plate 1125 and located between the lens assembly 12 and the prism assembly 13, and the second linear motor can be arranged on the inner side 1121 of the second side plate 1126 and located on the first side.
  • the first linear motor may also be disposed between the first moving component 14 and the second moving component 16
  • the second linear motor may also be disposed between the second moving component 16 and the photosensitive element 50.
  • the driving structure can also be other structures, such as hydraulic structures, piezoelectric motors, etc., which will not be listed here.
  • the zoom lens 10 can change the relative distance between the second lens group 142 and the lens assembly 12 on the optical axis O and the third lens group through the relative movement of the first slider 144 and the second slider 164 in the sliding groove 1127
  • the relative distance between the 162 and the lens assembly 12 on the optical axis O changes the focal length of the camera module 100 and achieves zooming of the camera module 100.
  • the second lens group 142 may also be located between the first lens group 122 and the incident surface 136.
  • the first moving assembly 14 can be arranged in the installation space 1135 of the boss 1133, the first light inlet 145 of the first moving assembly 14 is opposite to the light exit hole 124 of the lens assembly 12, and the first moving assembly 14 The light outlet 146 is opposite to the light inlet through hole 133 of the prism assembly 13.
  • the first moving assembly 14 can move relative to the lens assembly 12 in the installation space 1135.
  • the structure of the inner surface of the boss 1133 is the same as the structure of the inner surface 1121 of the side plate 112, for example, a sliding groove is provided, which penetrates the convex
  • the table 1133 faces the end surface of the prism assembly 13. With this structure, the inner surface of the boss 1133 does not need to be provided with a mounting groove.
  • the first housing 141 further includes a first top surface 148 and a first bottom surface 149 opposite to each other.
  • the first top surface 148 is opposite to the cover plate 113.
  • the first bottom surface 149 is opposite to the carrying surface 1111 of the substrate 111.
  • the first bottom surface 149 is provided with a first groove 1491, the surface of the substrate 111 opposite to the first bottom surface 149 (ie, the bearing surface 1111) is formed with a first slide rail 1112, and the first moving assembly 14 further includes a first ball 150,
  • the first rolling ball 150 is disposed in the first groove 1491 and abuts against the bottom of the first slide rail 1112.
  • the first groove 1491 matches the shape of the first rolling ball 150.
  • the first rolling ball 150 is spherical and has a small moving resistance.
  • the first groove 1491 is a semicircular groove.
  • the diameter of the first rolling ball 150 is It is equal to the diameter of the first groove 1491, that is, half of the first ball 150 is located in the first groove 1491.
  • the first rolling ball 150 and the first groove 1491 are relatively tightly combined.
  • the bearing surface 1111 is formed with a first slide rail 1112.
  • the first slide rail 1112 may be a groove formed on the bearing surface 1111 whose extending direction is parallel to the x direction.
  • the first slide rail 1112 may also be an extension provided on the bearing surface 1111.
  • a convex block whose direction is parallel to the x-direction, and a surface of the convex block opposite to the bottom surface of the first housing 141 is formed with a groove that cooperates with the first ball 150.
  • the first slide rail 1112 is a groove formed on the bearing surface 1111 whose extending direction is parallel to the x-direction.
  • the shape of the inner wall of the first slide rail 1112 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a first arc shape
  • the outer contour of the first ball 150 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a second arc shape
  • the first arc shape The curvature of is the same as the curvature of the second arc. In this way, in the y direction, the outer wall of the first ball 150 and the inner wall of the sliding rail 1112 are tightly combined, and the opposite sides of the outer wall of the first ball 150 are opposed by the opposite sides of the inner wall of the sliding rail 1112.
  • the number of the first groove 1491 is one or more.
  • the number of the first grooves 1491 is one, two, three, four, or even more.
  • the number of the first grooves 1491 is four.
  • the number of the first ball 150 may also be one or more.
  • the number of the first rolling balls 150 is the same as the number of the first grooves 1491, which is also four.
  • the four first grooves 1491 are arranged on the first bottom surface 149 at intervals.
  • the number of the first slide rail 1112 may be one or more.
  • the number of the first slide rail 1112 is determined according to the positions of the four first grooves 1491. For example, the centers of the four first grooves 1491 are in a line parallel to the x direction. On the straight line, only one first slide rail 1112 is needed; for another example, the four first grooves 1491 are divided into two groups, each group includes two first grooves 1491, and each group has two first grooves 1491.
  • the center lines of the grooves 1491 are all parallel to the x direction, and the center lines of the two first grooves 1491 of each group do not overlap, and two first slide rails 1112 are required to connect to the two first grooves of each group. 1491 corresponds.
  • the four first grooves 1491 are divided into two groups, each group includes two first grooves 1491, and the center line of the two first grooves 1491 in each group is parallel to each other and parallel to the x direction.
  • the four first grooves 1491 can be enclosed in a rectangle. In this way, when the four first balls 150 slide in the first slide rail 1112, the four first balls 150 are confined in the two first slide rails 1112, and because in the y direction, the outer wall of the first ball 150 The opposite sides are interfered by the opposite sides of the inner wall of the first slide rail 1112, which can prevent the first moving component 14 from shaking or tilting in the y direction, thereby ensuring that the imaging quality of the camera module 100 is not affected.
  • the first top surface 148 is provided with a second groove 1481
  • the first moving assembly 14 further includes a second ball 151
  • the second ball 151 is disposed in the second groove 1481 and conflict with the cover 113.
  • the second groove 1481 matches the shape of the second rolling ball 151.
  • the second rolling ball 151 has a spherical shape with low moving resistance.
  • the second groove 1481 is a semicircular groove.
  • the diameter of the second rolling ball 151 is The diameter is equal to the second groove 1481, that is, half of the second ball 151 is located in the second groove 1481.
  • the second ball 151 and the second groove 1481 are relatively tightly combined, and when the second ball 151 moves, the first housing 141 of the first moving assembly 14 can be driven to move.
  • the number of the second groove 1481 is one or more.
  • the number of second grooves 1481 is one, two, three, four, or even more, etc. In this embodiment, the number of second grooves 1481 is four.
  • the number of the second ball 151 may also be one or more.
  • the number of second balls 151 is the same as the number of second grooves 1481, which is also four.
  • Four second grooves 1481 are arranged on the first top surface 148 of the first housing 141 at intervals.
  • the second ball 151 is disposed in the second groove 1481 and abuts against the cover plate 113, so that the first moving assembly 14 is restricted between the cover plate 113 and the base plate 111, which can prevent the first moving assembly 14 from shaking or shaking in the z direction. Tilt to ensure that the image quality is not affected.
  • the surface of the cover plate 113 opposite to the first top surface 148 is formed with a second slide rail 1136, and the second ball 151 is disposed in the second groove 1481 and interacts with The bottom of the second slide rail 1136 conflicts.
  • the second slide rail 1136 may be a groove formed on the surface of the cover plate 113 opposite to the first top surface 148 and the extending direction is parallel to the x direction.
  • the second slide rail 1136 may also be provided on the cover plate 113.
  • a protrusion on a surface opposite to the first top surface 148 whose extending direction is parallel to the x direction, and a surface of the protrusion opposite to the first top surface 148 of the first housing 141 is formed with a groove that cooperates with the second ball 151.
  • the second slide rail 1136 is a groove formed on the surface of the cover plate 113 opposite to the first top surface 148 with an extension direction parallel to the x direction.
  • a part of the second ball 151 is located in the second slide rail 1136 and abuts against the bottom of the second slide rail 1136.
  • the shape of the inner wall of the second slide rail 1136 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a third arc shape
  • the outer contour of the second ball 151 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a fourth arc shape
  • the third arc shape is The curvature is the same as the curvature of the fourth arc.
  • the number of the second slide rails 1136 can be one or more, and the number of the second slide rails 1136 is determined according to the positions of the four second grooves 1481.
  • the centers of the four second grooves 1481 are in a line parallel to the x direction. On the straight line, only one second slide rail 1136 is enough; for another example, the four second grooves 1481 are divided into two groups, each group includes two second grooves 1481, and each group has two second grooves 1481.
  • the center lines of the grooves 1481 are all parallel to the x direction, and the center lines of the two second grooves 1481 of each group do not overlap, two second slide rails 1136 are required to connect to the two second grooves of each group respectively. 1481 corresponds.
  • the four second grooves 1481 are divided into two groups, and each group includes two second grooves 1481.
  • the center lines of the two second grooves 1481 of each group are parallel to each other and parallel to the x direction.
  • the four second grooves 1481 can be enclosed in a rectangle. In this way, when the four second balls 151 slide in the second slide rail 1136, the four second balls 151 are confined in the two second slide rails 1136, and because in the y direction, the outer wall of the second ball 151 The opposite sides are interfered by the opposite sides of the inner wall of the second slide rail 1136, which prevents the first moving component 14 from shaking or tilting in the y direction, thereby further ensuring that the imaging quality of the camera module 100 is not affected .
  • the second housing 161 further includes a second top surface 168 and a second bottom surface 169 opposite to each other.
  • the second top surface 168 is opposite to the cover plate 113.
  • the second bottom surface 169 is opposite to the carrying surface 1111 of the substrate 111.
  • the second bottom surface 169 is provided with a third groove 1691, the surface of the substrate 111 opposite to the second bottom surface 169 (ie, the bearing surface 1111) is formed with a first slide rail 1112, and the second moving assembly 16 further includes a third ball 170,
  • the third ball 170 is disposed in the third groove 1691 and abuts against the bottom of the first sliding rail 1112.
  • the third groove 1691 matches the shape of the third ball 170.
  • the third ball 170 has a spherical shape and has a small moving resistance.
  • the third groove 1691 is a semicircular groove.
  • the diameter of the third ball 170 The diameter is equal to that of the third groove 1691, that is, half of the third ball 170 is located in the third groove 1691.
  • the third rolling ball 170 and the third groove 1691 are relatively tightly combined. When the third rolling ball 170 moves, it can drive the second housing 161 of the second moving assembly 16 to move.
  • the bearing surface 1111 is formed with a first slide rail 1112.
  • the first slide rail 1112 may be a groove formed on the bearing surface 1111 whose extending direction is parallel to the x direction.
  • the first slide rail 1112 may also be an extension provided on the bearing surface 1111.
  • a convex block whose direction is parallel to the x-direction, and a surface of the convex block opposite to the bottom surface of the second housing 161 is formed with a groove that cooperates with the third ball 170.
  • the first slide rail 1112 is a groove formed on the bearing surface 1111 whose extending direction is parallel to the x direction.
  • the shape of the inner wall of the first slide rail 1112 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a first arc shape
  • the outer contour of the third ball 170 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a second arc shape
  • the first arc shape The curvature of is the same as the curvature of the second arc. In this way, in the y direction, the outer wall of the third ball 170 and the inner wall of the first slide rail 1112 are tightly combined, and the opposite sides of the outer wall of the third ball 170 are opposed by the opposite sides of the inner wall of the first slide rail 1112. .
  • the number of the third groove 1691 is one or more.
  • the number of third grooves 1691 is one, two, three, four, or even more.
  • the number of third grooves 1691 is four.
  • the number of the third ball 170 may also be one or more.
  • the number of third balls 170 is the same as the number of third grooves 1691, which is also four.
  • the four third grooves 1691 are arranged on the second bottom surface 169 at intervals.
  • the four third grooves 1691 are divided into two groups, each group includes two third grooves 1691, and the center lines of the two third grooves 1691 in each group are parallel to each other and parallel to the x direction.
  • the four third grooves 1691 can enclose a rectangle. In this way, when the four third balls 170 slide in the first slide rail 1112, the four third balls 170 are restricted in the two first slide rails 1112, and because in the y direction, the outer wall of the third ball 170 The opposite sides are interfered by the opposite sides of the inner wall of the first slide rail 1112, which can prevent the second moving component 16 from shaking or tilting in the y direction, thereby ensuring that the imaging quality of the camera module 100 is not affected.
  • the second top surface 168 is provided with a fourth groove 1681
  • the second moving assembly 16 further includes a fourth ball 171
  • the fourth ball 171 is disposed in the fourth groove 1681 and conflict with the cover 113.
  • the fourth groove 1681 matches the shape of the fourth ball 171.
  • the fourth ball 171 has a spherical shape and has a small moving resistance.
  • the fourth groove 1681 is a semicircular groove.
  • the diameter of the fourth ball 171 It is equal to the diameter of the fourth groove 1681, that is, half of the fourth ball 171 is located in the fourth groove 1681.
  • the fourth rolling ball 171 and the fourth groove 1681 are relatively tightly combined, and when the fourth rolling ball 171 moves, the second housing 161 of the second moving assembly 16 can be driven to move.
  • the number of the fourth groove 1681 is one or more.
  • the number of fourth grooves 1681 is one, two, three, four, or even more. In this embodiment, the number of fourth grooves 1681 is four.
  • the number of the fourth ball 171 may also be one or more.
  • the number of fourth balls 171 is the same as the number of fourth grooves 1681, which is also four.
  • Four fourth grooves 1681 are arranged on the second top surface 168 of the second housing 161 at intervals.
  • the fourth rolling ball 171 is disposed in the fourth groove 1681 and abuts against the cover plate 113, so that the second moving component 16 is restricted between the cover plate 113 and the base plate 111, which can prevent the second moving component 16 from shaking or shaking in the z direction. Tilt to ensure that the image quality is not affected.
  • the surface of the cover plate 113 opposite to the second top surface 168 is formed with a second slide rail 1136, and the fourth ball 171 is disposed in the fourth groove 1681 and is connected to the The bottom of the second slide rail 1136 conflicts.
  • the second slide rail 1136 may be a groove formed on the surface of the cover plate 113 opposite to the second top surface 168 with an extension direction parallel to the x direction, and the second slide rail 1136 may also be provided on the cover plate 113.
  • a protrusion on the surface opposite to the second top surface 168 whose extending direction is parallel to the x-direction, and the surface of the protrusion opposite to the top surface of the second housing 161 is formed with a groove that cooperates with the fourth ball 171.
  • the second slide rail 1136 is a groove formed on the surface of the cover plate 113 opposite to the second top surface 168 with an extension direction parallel to the x direction.
  • a part of the fourth ball 171 is located in the second slide rail 1136 and abuts against the bottom of the second slide rail 1136.
  • the shape of the inner wall of the second slide rail 1136 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a third arc shape
  • the outer contour of the fourth ball 171 intercepted by the surface perpendicular to the x direction is a fourth arc shape
  • the third arc shape is The curvature is the same as the curvature of the fourth arc.
  • the four fourth grooves 1681 are divided into two groups, and each group includes two fourth grooves 1681.
  • the center lines of the two fourth grooves 1681 of each group are parallel to each other and parallel to the x direction.
  • the four fourth grooves 1681 can be enclosed in a rectangle. In this way, when the four fourth balls 171 slide in the second slide rail 1136, the four fourth balls 171 are restricted in the two second slide rails 1136, and because in the y direction, the outer wall of the fourth ball 171 The opposite sides are interfered by the opposite sides of the inner wall of the second slide rail 1136, which can prevent the second moving component 16 from shaking or tilting in the y direction, thereby further ensuring that the imaging quality of the camera module 100 is not affected .
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features.
  • features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one feature.
  • “plurality” means at least two, such as two or three, unless otherwise specifically defined.

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Abstract

一种变焦镜头(10)、相机模组(100)和电子装置(1000)。变焦镜头(10)包括具有负光焦度的第一透镜组(122)、具有正光焦度的第二透镜组(142)、具有负光焦度的第三透镜组(162)和棱镜(132)。棱镜(132)包括依次连接的入射面(136)、反射面(137)和出射面(138)。第二透镜组(142)和第三透镜组(162)可相对棱镜(132)移动。

Description

变焦镜头、相机模组及电子装置
优先权信息
本申请请求2019年8月2日向中国国家知识产权局提交的、专利申请号为201910712262.3的专利申请的优先权和权益，并且通过参照将其全文并入此处。
技术领域
本申请涉及消费性电子技术领域，尤其是涉及一种变焦镜头、相机模组和电子装置。
背景技术
在相关技术中，手机可以采用潜望式相机，让潜望式相机平躺在手机内部，潜望式相机通常还会有多组透镜，多组透镜通常沿潜望式相机平躺的方向依次排列。
发明内容
本申请的实施方式提供一种变焦镜头、相机模组和电子装置。
本申请实施方式的变焦镜头包括第一透镜组、第二透镜组、第三透镜组和棱镜。所述第一透镜组具有负光焦度。所述棱镜包括依次连接的入射面、反射面和出射面，所述第一透镜组与所述入射面相对。所述第二透镜组具有正光焦度，所述第二透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。所述第三透镜组具有负光焦度，所述第三透镜组与所述出射面相对，所述第三透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。
本申请实施方式的相机模组包括感光元件和变焦镜头。所述感光元件设置在所述变焦镜头的像侧。所述变焦镜头包括第一透镜组、第二透镜组、第三透镜组和棱镜。所述第一透镜组具有负光焦度。所述棱镜包括依次连接的入射面、反射面和出射面，所述第一透镜组与所述入射面相对。所述第二透镜组具有正光焦度，所述第二透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。所述第三透镜组具有负光焦度，所述第三透镜组与所述出射面相对，所述第三透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。
本申请的电子装置包括机壳和相机模组。所述相机模组安装在所述机壳上。所述相机模组包括感光元件和变焦镜头。所述感光元件设置在所述变焦镜头的像侧。所述变焦镜头包括第一透镜组、第二透镜组、第三透镜组和棱镜。所述第一透镜组具有负光焦度。所述棱镜包括依次连接的入射面、反射面和出射面，所述第一透镜组与所述入射面相对。所述第二透镜组具有正光焦度，所述第二透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。所述第三透镜组具有负光焦度，所述第三透镜组与所述出射面相对，所述第三透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。
本申请实施方式的变焦镜头、相机模组和电子装置中，第一透镜组与棱镜的入射面相对，第三透镜组与棱镜的出射面相对，第一透镜组与第三透镜组的排布方向不同，避免变焦镜头在某一个方向上的尺寸较大，便于电子装置的内部元件的布置。
本申请的实施方式的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实施方式的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的实施方式的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施方式的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本申请某些实施方式的电子装置的平面示意图。
图2是本申请某些实施方式的电子装置另一视角的平面示意图。
图3是本申请某些实施方式的变焦镜头的立体装配示意图。
图4是本申请某些实施方式的变焦镜头的立体分解示意图。
图5a和图5b是图3中的变焦镜头在不同焦距状态下沿V-V线的截面示意图。
图6是图3中的变焦镜头沿VI-VI线的截面示意图。
图7是图3中的变焦镜头沿VII-VII线的部分截面示意图。
图8是某些实施方式中变焦镜头的透镜的平面示意图。
图9是图3中的变焦镜头沿IX-IX线的部分截面示意图。
图10是某些实施方式中变焦镜头被与图3中V-V线对应的剖面线截得的部分截面示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本申请的实施方式作进一步说明。附图中相同或类似的标号自始至终表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。
另外，下面结合附图描述的本申请的实施方式是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请的实施方式，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本申请中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
请参阅图3图、4和图5a，在某些实施方式中，变焦镜头10包括第一透镜组122、第二透镜组142、第三透镜组162和棱镜132。第一透镜组122具有负光焦度。棱镜132包括依次连接的入射面136、反射面137和出射面138，第一透镜组122与入射面136相对。第二透镜组142具有正光焦度，第二透镜组142可相对棱镜132移动。第三透镜组162具有负光焦度，第三透镜组162与出射面138相对，第三透镜组162可相对棱镜132移动。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，第二透镜组142还可位于第三透镜组162与出射面138之间。
请参阅图10，在某些实施方式中，第二透镜组142还可位于第一透镜组122与入射面136之间。
请参阅图5a和图8，在某些实施方式中，第一透镜组122、第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162中均包括一个或多个透镜，至少一个透镜为回转体的一部分。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时(如图5a所示的状态)棱镜132与第二透镜组142之间的第一轴上间距z11大于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时(如图5b所示的状态)棱镜132与第二透镜组142之间的第一轴上间距z12，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时第二透镜组142与第三透镜组162之间的第二轴上间距z21大于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时的第二透镜组142与第三透镜组162之间的第二轴上间距z21。
请参阅图3、图4和图5a，在某些实施方式中，变焦镜头10包括壳体11、第一移动组件14、和第二移动组件16，壳体11包括基板111和设置在基板111上的侧板112，侧板112开设有滑槽1127；第一移动组件14包括第一外壳141和第二透镜组142。第二透镜组142安装在第一外壳141上；第二移动组件16包括第二外壳161和第三透镜组162。第三透镜组162安装在第二外壳161上；第一外壳141包括第一主体143和与第一主体143连接的第一滑块144；第二外壳161包括第二主体163和与第二主体163连接的第二滑块164；滑槽1127沿第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162的光轴方向延伸，第一滑块144和第二滑块164可滑动地安装在滑槽1127内，第一外壳141和第二外壳161滑动时分别带动第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162滑动。
请参阅图4和图5a，在某些实施方式中，壳体11还包括盖板112，盖板112设置在侧板112上，第一外壳141还包括相背的第一顶面148和第一底面149。第一顶面148与盖板113相对。第一底面149与基板111的承载面1111相对。第一底面149开设有第一凹槽1491，基板111的与第一底面149相对的表面(即，承载面1111)形成有第一滑轨1112，第一移动组件14还包括第一滚珠150，第一滚珠150设置在第一凹槽1491内并与第一滑轨1112的底部抵触。
请参阅图4和图5a，在某些实施方式中，侧板112开设有安装槽1128，安装槽1128的一端贯穿侧板112的与基板11相背的表面，安装槽1128的另一端连通滑槽1127，第一滑块144和第二滑块164通过安装槽1128安装在滑槽1127内。
请参阅图3、图4和图5a，本申请实施方式的相机模组100包括变焦镜头10和感光元件50，感光元件50安装在变焦镜头10的像侧。变焦镜头10包括第一透镜组122、第二透镜组142、第三透镜组162和棱镜132。第一透镜组122具有负光焦度。棱镜132包括依次连接的入射面136、反射面137和 出射面138，第一透镜组122与入射面136相对。第二透镜组142具有正光焦度，第二透镜组142可相对棱镜132移动。第三透镜组162具有负光焦度，第三透镜组162与出射面138相对，第三透镜组162可相对棱镜132移动。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，第二透镜组142还可位于第三透镜组162与出射面138之间。
请参阅图10，在某些实施方式中，第二透镜组142还可位于第一透镜组122与入射面136之间。
请参阅图5a和图8，在某些实施方式中，第一透镜组122、第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162中均包括一个或多个透镜，至少一个透镜为回转体的一部分。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时(如图5a所示的状态)棱镜132与第二透镜组142之间的第一轴上间距z11大于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时(如图5b所示的状态)棱镜132与第二透镜组142之间的第一轴上间距z12，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时第二透镜组142与第三透镜组162之间的第二轴上间距z21大于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时的第二透镜组142与第三透镜组162之间的第二轴上间距z21。
请参阅图3、图4和图5a，在某些实施方式中，变焦镜头10包括壳体11、第一移动组件14、和第二移动组件16，壳体11包括基板111和设置在基板111上的侧板112，侧板112开设有滑槽1127；第一移动组件14包括第一外壳141和第二透镜组142。第二透镜组142安装在第一外壳141上；第二移动组件16包括第二外壳161和第三透镜组162。第三透镜组162安装在第二外壳161上；第一外壳141包括第一主体143和与第一主体143连接的第一滑块144；第二外壳161包括第二主体163和与第二主体163连接的第二滑块164；滑槽1127沿第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162的光轴方向延伸，第一滑块144和第二滑块164可滑动地安装在滑槽1127内，第一外壳141和第二外壳161滑动时分别带动第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162滑动。
请参阅图4和图5a，在某些实施方式中，壳体11还包括盖板112，盖板112设置在侧板112上，第一外壳141还包括相背的第一顶面148和第一底面149。第一顶面148与盖板113相对。第一底面149与基板111的承载面1111相对。第一底面149开设有第一凹槽1491，基板111的与第一底面149相对的表面(即，承载面1111)形成有第一滑轨1112，第一移动组件14还包括第一滚珠150，第一滚珠150设置在第一凹槽1491内并与第一滑轨1112的底部抵触。
请参阅图4和图5a，在某些实施方式中，侧板112开设有安装槽1128，安装槽1128的一端贯穿侧板112的与基板11相背的表面，安装槽1128的另一端连通滑槽1127，第一滑块144和第二滑块164通过安装槽1128安装在滑槽1127内。
请参阅图1和图2，本申请实施方式的电子装置1000包括机壳200和上述任一实施方式的相机模组100。相机模组100安装在机壳200上。
请参阅图1至图3，在某些实施方式中，第一透镜组122的光轴O’方向与电子装置1000的厚度方向一致且平行，第三透镜组162的光轴O方向垂直于电子装置1000的厚度方向。
请参阅图1及图2，电子装置1000包括机壳200和相机模组100。相机模组100与机壳200结合。具体地，电子装置1000可以是手机、平板电脑、显示器、笔记本电脑、柜员机、闸机、智能手表、头显设备、游戏机等。本申请实施方式以电子装置1000是手机为例进行说明，可以理解，电子装置1000的具体形式并不限于手机。
机壳200可用于安装相机模组100，或者说，机壳200可作为相机模组100的安装载体。电子装置1000包括正面901和背面902，相机模组100可设置在正面901作为前置摄像头，相机模组100还可设置在背面902作为后置摄像头，本申请实施方式中，相机模组100设置在背面902作为后置摄像头。机壳200还可用于安装电子装置1000的相机模组100、供电装置、通信装置等功能模块，以使机壳200为功能模块提供防尘、防摔、防水等保护。
请参阅图3、图4、图5a和图5b，相机模组100包括变焦镜头10和感光元件50，感光元件50安装在变焦镜头10的像侧。感光元件50可以采用互补金属氧化物半导体(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，CMOS)感光元件，或者电荷耦合元件(Charge-coupled Device，CCD)感光元件。
请参阅图3、图4、图5a和图5b，变焦镜头10包括第一透镜组122、第二透镜组142、第三透镜组162和棱镜132。第一透镜组122具有负光焦度。棱镜132包括依次连接的入射面136、反射面137 和出射面138，第一透镜组122与入射面136相对。第二透镜组142具有正光焦度，第二透镜组142可相对棱镜132移动。第三透镜组162具有负光焦度，第三透镜组162与出射面138相对，第三透镜组162可相对棱镜132移动。
其中，第一透镜组122和棱镜132的入射面136相对，第三透镜组162和棱镜132的出射面138相对，且第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162可相对棱镜132移动，使得变焦镜头10的焦距可变，使得变焦镜头10不仅整体呈潜望式结构，还可实现光学变焦。
然而，在多组透镜依次排列的方向上，目前的潜望式相机的尺寸较大，导致手机内部的其余元件难以布置。
本申请实施方式的变焦镜头10中，第一透镜组122与棱镜132的入射面136相对，第三透镜组162与棱镜132的出射面138相对，第一透镜组122与第三透镜组162的排布方向不同，避免变焦镜头10在某一个方向上的尺寸较大，便于电子装置1000的内部元件的布置。
如图3所示，为方便后续描述，第一透镜组122形成光轴O’，第二透镜组142和第三透镜组162形成光轴O，平行于光轴O的方向被定义为x方向(第二透镜组142的光轴O方向和第三透镜组162的光轴方向重合)，平行光轴O’的方向被定义为z方向，垂直于光轴O和光轴O‘所在的平面的方向为y方向，x方向、y方向和z方向两两互相垂直。
请参阅图3、图4、图5a和图5b，变焦镜头10包括壳体11、镜头组件12、棱镜组件13、第一移动组件14、和第二移动组件16。镜头组件12、棱镜组件13、第一移动组件14、和第二移动组件16均设置在壳体11内。第一移动组件14与第二移动组件16均可相对棱镜组件13移动。
壳体11包括基板111、侧板112、和盖板113。基板111、侧板112和盖板113围成收容空间114，镜头组件12、棱镜组件13、第一移动组件14、和第二移动组件16均设置在收容空间114内。
基板111包括承载面1111。承载面1111用于承载侧板112和变焦镜头10。基板111可以是长方体结构、正方体结构、圆柱体结构、或其他形状的结构等，在此不作限制。本实施方式中，基板111为长方体结构。
侧板112自基板111的边缘环绕设置。侧板112垂直于基板111的承载面1111。侧板112可以通过胶合、螺合、卡合等方式设置在基板111上。侧板112还可以和基板111一体成型。
请结合图6，侧板112包括内侧面1121、外侧面1122、上表面1123和下表面1124。内侧面1121与外侧面1122相背，内侧面1121位于收容空间114内，外侧面1122位于收容空间114外，内侧面1121与上表面1123和下表面1124均连接，外侧面1122也与上表面1123和下表面1124均连接。上表面1123和下表面1124相背。下表面1124与基板111的承载面1111结合，上表面1123与基板111的承载面1111相背。
请参阅图4和图6，侧板112还包括平行于x方向的第一侧板1125和第二侧板1126。第一侧板1125和第二侧板1126相对。第一侧板1125的内侧面1121和/或第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上开设有滑槽1127和安装槽1128。例如，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设有滑槽1127和安装槽1128，或者，第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设有滑槽1127和安装槽1128，或者，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上均开设有滑槽1127和安装槽1128。本实施方式中，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上均开设有滑槽1127和安装槽1128，滑槽1127的延伸方向与承载面1111平行。
滑槽1127与收容空间114连通，滑槽1127的延伸方向还与x方向平行，滑槽1127的槽深小于侧板112的厚度，也即是说，滑槽1127未贯穿侧板112的外侧面1122。在其他实施方式中，滑槽1127可贯穿侧板112的外侧面1122，以使得收容空间114与外界连通。第一侧板1125的内侧面1121和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设的滑槽1127的数量均可以是一个或多个。例如，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设有一个滑槽1127，第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设有一个滑槽1127；再例如，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设有两个滑槽1127，第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设有两个滑槽1127；又例如，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设有一个滑槽1127，第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设有两个滑槽1127等等，在此不再一一列举。本实施方式中，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121均开设有一个滑槽1127。滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的形状为矩形、半圆形、或其他形状，例如其他规则形状或非规则的异形形状。请参阅图7，本实施方式中，滑槽1127被垂直 于x方向的面截得的形状为非规则的异形形状，该异形形状由一条直线和一条弧线围成封闭的“D”字形，其中，滑槽1127的内壁被截得的形状对应“D”字形的弧线部分。
安装槽1128与收容空间114连通，安装槽1128的一端贯穿侧板112的上表面1123，安装槽1128的另一端连通滑槽1127。安装槽1128的延伸方向可与滑槽1127的延伸方向垂直或倾斜，例如，安装槽1128的延伸方向与x方向垂直，或者，安装槽1128的延伸方向与x方向呈一定的倾斜角度(不为0度，可为30度、60度、75度等等)。本实施方式中，安装槽1128的延伸方向与x方向垂直。第一侧板1125的内侧面1121和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量均可以是一个或多个。例如，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设有一个安装槽1128，第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设有一个安装槽1128；再例如，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设有两个安装槽1128，第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设有两个安装槽1128；又例如，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设有一个安装槽1128，第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设有两个安装槽1128等等，在此不在一一列举。本实施方式中，第一侧板1125的内侧面1121和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121均开设有两个安装槽1128。
请参阅图4至图6，盖板113设置在侧板112上，具体地，盖板113可通过卡合、螺合、胶合等方式安装在侧板112的上表面1123。盖板113包括盖板本体1131、抵持部1132和凸台1133。
盖板本体1131与侧板112的上表面1123结合。盖板本体1131与凸台1133连接，凸台1133位于侧板112的一端并与棱镜组件13相对。凸台1133设置在侧板112的上表面1123。凸台1133与侧板112相背的表面开设有入光口1134，入光口1134的深度方向可以与x方向垂直，以使相机模组100整体呈潜望式的结构。凸台1133开设有安装空间1135，安装空间1135与收容空间114连通，镜头组件12设置在安装空间1135内。盖板本体1131设置在侧板112的上表面1123并与第一移动组件14和第二移动组件16相对。
抵持部1132设置在盖板本体1131的两侧，具体地，抵持部1132位于盖板本体1131的与第一侧板1125和第二侧板1126分别对应的两侧。当盖板113安装在侧板112上时，抵持部1132位于安装槽1128内，抵持部1132沿z方向的长度L等于安装槽1128沿z方向的深度H。抵持部1132位于安装槽1128内可以是：抵持部1132位于安装槽1128内并占据安装槽1128的部分空间；抵持部1132位于安装槽1128内还可以是：抵持部1132位于安装槽1128内并完全填充安装槽1128。本实施方式中，在抵持部1132安装在安装槽1128内时，抵持部1132完全填充安装槽1128，抵持部1132与安装槽1128结合更为牢固，以使得盖板113和侧板112的连接更为牢固。在其他实施方式中，入光口1134并非为通孔，而是一个透光实体结构，光线可从该透光实体结构入射进安装空间1135内并进入镜头组件12。
请参阅4、图5a和图5b，镜头组件12包括固定壳121和第一透镜组122。第一透镜组122设置在固定壳121内。
固定壳121设置在盖板113的凸台1133开设的安装空间1135内，具体地，固定壳121可通过胶合、螺合、卡合等方式安装在安装空间1135内，固定壳121还可与凸台1133一体成型。固定壳121包括进光孔123、出光孔124和收容腔125。进光孔123和出光孔124将收容腔125与安装空间1135连通。进光孔123和凸台1133的入光口1134相对，出光孔124与棱镜组件13相对。
第一透镜组122位于收容腔125内，第一透镜组122可通过胶合、螺合、卡合等方式安装在固定壳121内。第一透镜组122可以为单独的透镜，该透镜为凸透镜或凹透镜；或者第一透镜组122包括多枚透镜(如两枚、三枚等)，多枚透镜可均为凸透镜或凹透镜，或部分为凸透镜，部分为凹透镜。本实施方式中，第一透镜组122包括两枚透镜。第一透镜组122中的透镜可以是玻璃透镜或塑料透镜。
第一透镜组122中的透镜为回转体的一部分。例如，如图8所示，第一透镜组122中的透镜首先通过模具形成回转体透镜S1，然后对回转体透镜S1的边缘进行切割，切割比例根据电子装置1000的内部空间的大小、变焦镜头10的光学参数等因素确定，以形成图8所示的近似正方体或长方体的透镜S2(正方体或长方体的透镜S2被光轴O’穿过的面凹陷或凸起)；或者，第一透镜组122中的透镜均使用特制的模具直接制作，模具的模腔即为回转体的一部分，从而直接制成第一透镜组122中的透镜。如此，第一透镜组122中的透镜的体积大大减小，从而使得变焦镜头10的整体体积减小，有利于电子装置1000的小型化。
请参阅4、图5a和图5b，棱镜组件13设置在基板111的承载面1111上并位于收容空间114内。棱镜组件13包括安装台131和棱镜132。
安装台131设置在基板111的承载面1111上，具体地，安装台131可通过胶合、螺合、卡合等方式安装在承载面1111上，安装台131还可与基板111一体成型。安装台131包括进光通孔133、出光通孔134和容置腔135。进光通孔133和出光通孔134将容置腔135与收容空间114连通。进光通孔133和镜头组件12的出光孔124相对，出光通孔134与第一移动组件14相对。
棱镜132设置在容置腔135内，棱镜132可通过胶合、卡合等方式安装在安装台131上。棱镜132包括入射面136、反射面137和出射面138，反射面137倾斜连接入射面136和出射面138，反射面137与承载面1111的夹角可以是15度、30度、45度、60度、75度等等，本实施方式中，反射面137与承载面1111的夹角为45度。入射面136与进光通孔133相对，出射面138与出光通孔134相对。棱镜132用于改变从进光通孔133进入的光线的出射方向。棱镜132可以是三角棱镜132，具体地，棱镜132的截面为直角三角形，直角三角形的两条直角边分别由入射面136和出射面138形成，直角三角形的斜边由反射面137形成。
请参阅图4至图6，第一移动组件14包括第一外壳141和第二透镜组142。第二透镜组142安装在第一外壳141上。在第一外壳141滑动时，第一外壳141带动第二透镜组142滑动。
第一外壳141包括第一主体143和第一滑块144。第一滑块144与第一主体143固定连接。
第一主体143开设有与第二透镜组142对应的第一进光口145和第一出光口146。第一主体143形成有第一容置空间147以收容第二透镜组142，第一容置空间147通过第一进光口145和第一出光口146与收容空间114连通。第一进光口145和棱镜组件13的出光通孔134相对，第一出光口146和第二移动组件16相对。
第一滑块144位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125和/或第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面。例如，第一滑块144位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面；或，第一滑块144位于第一主体143的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面；或，第一滑块144位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面。本实施方式中，第一滑块144位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面。第一滑块144穿设安装槽1128后滑入滑槽1127内，以使得第一滑块144可滑动地设置在滑槽1127内。
第一滑块144的数量和对应的安装槽1128的数量相匹配。第一滑块144的数量和对应的安装槽1128的数量相匹配指的是：位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144的数量与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量相同，均为两个；位于第一主体143的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144的数量与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量相同，均为两个，两个第一滑块144与两个安装槽1128一一对应。当然，在其他实施方式中，第一滑块144的数量可少于安装槽1128的数量，例如位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144的数量少于第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量，位于第一主体143的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144的数量少于第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量。而且，第一滑块144沿x方向的长度d1小于或等于安装槽1128沿x方向的长度d2，从而方便第一滑块144穿设安装槽1128后滑入滑槽1127内。
第一滑块144被垂直于x方向的面截得的形状可为矩形、半圆形、或其他形状，例如其他规则形状或非规则的异形形状，只要满足第一滑块144的形状与对应的滑槽1127的形状相匹配即可。具体地，第一滑块144与对应的滑槽1127的形状相匹配是指：当第一侧板1125的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为矩形，则位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为矩形；当第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为矩形，则位于第一主体143的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为矩形；当第一侧板1125的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为半圆形，则位于第一主体143的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为半圆形；当第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为半圆形，则位于第一主体143的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第一滑块144被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为半圆形等等，在此不再一一列举。
请结合图7，本实施方式中，第一滑块144被垂直于x方向的面截得的形状为非规则的异形形状，该异形形状由一条直线和一条弧线围成封闭的“D”字形，其中，第一滑块144的外壁被截得的形状对应“D”字形的弧线部分。第一滑块144的形状与对应的滑槽1127的形状相匹配指的是：滑槽1127的内壁对应的弧线和第一滑块144的外壁对应的弧线的曲率相同。如此，第一滑块144和滑槽1127可更好的配合。
在z方向上，第一滑块144的相背两端与滑槽1127的内壁的相背两端抵触。具体地，在第一滑块144安装在滑槽1127内时，在z方向上，与第一侧板1125对应的第一滑块144的相背两端被第一侧板1125的内侧面1121上的滑槽1127的内壁的相背两端抵触，与第二侧板1126对应的第一滑块144的相背两端被第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上的滑槽1127的内壁的相背两端抵触，从而使得第一滑块144在z方向的移动被限制，防止第一滑块144沿z方向发生晃动或倾斜(tilt)，保证变焦镜头10的成像质量不受影响。
第二透镜组142设置在第一容置空间147内。具体地，第二透镜组142可通过胶合、螺合、卡合等方式安装在第一容置空间147内。第二透镜组142可以为单独的透镜，该透镜为凸透镜或凹透镜；或者第二透镜组142包括多枚透镜(如两枚、三枚等)，多枚透镜可均为凸透镜或凹透镜，或部分为凸透镜，部分为凹透镜。本实施方式中，第二透镜组142包括三枚透镜。第二透镜组142中的透镜可以是玻璃透镜或塑料透镜。
请再次参阅图8，第二透镜组142中的透镜为回转体的一部分。例如，第二透镜组142中的透镜首先通过模具形成回转体透镜S1，然后对回转体透镜S1的边缘进行切割，切割比例根据电子装置1000的内部空间的大小、变焦镜头10的光学参数等因素确定，以形成图8所示的近似正方体或长方体的透镜S2(正方体或长方体的透镜S2被光轴O穿过的面凹陷或凸起)；或者，第二透镜组142中的透镜均使用特制的模具直接制作，模具的模腔即为回转体的一部分，从而直接制成第二透镜组142中的透镜。如此，第二透镜组142中的透镜的体积大大减小，从而使得变焦镜头10的整体体积减小，有利于电子装置1000的小型化。
请参阅图4至图6，第二移动组件16包括第二外壳161和第三透镜组162。第三透镜组162安装在第二外壳161上。在第二外壳161滑动时，第二外壳161带动第三透镜组162滑动。
第二外壳161包括第二主体163和第二滑块164。第二滑块164与第二主体163固定连接。
第二主体163开设有与第三透镜组162对应的第二进光口165和第二出光口166。第二主体163形成有第二容置空间167以收容第三透镜组162，第二容置空间167通过第二进光口165和第二出光口166与收容空间114连通。第二进光口165和第一移动组件14的第一出光口146相对，第二出光口165和感光元件50相对。
第二滑块164位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125和/或第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面。例如，第二滑块164位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面；或，第二滑块164位于第二主体163的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面；或，第二滑块164位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面。本实施方式中，第二滑块164位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125和第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面。第二滑块164穿设安装槽1128后滑入滑槽1127内，以使得第二滑块164可滑动地设置在滑槽1127内。
第二滑块164的数量和对应的安装槽1128的数量相匹配。第二滑块164的数量和对应的安装槽1128的数量相匹配指的是：位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164的数量与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量相同，均为两个；位于第二主体163的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164的数量与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量相同，均为两个，两个第二滑块164与两个安装槽1128一一对应。当然，在其他实施方式中，第二滑块164的数量可少于安装槽1128的数量，例如位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164的数量少于第一侧板1125的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量，位于第二主体163的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164的数量少于第二侧板1126的内侧面1121开设的安装槽1128的数量。而且，第二滑块164沿x方向的长度d3小于或等于安装槽1128沿x方向的长度d2，从而方便第二滑块164穿设安装槽1128后滑入滑槽1127内。
第二滑块164被垂直于x方向的面截得的形状可为矩形、半圆形、或其他形状，例如其他规则形状或非规则的异形形状，只要满足第二滑块164的形状与对应的滑槽1127的形状相匹配即可。具体地，第二滑块164与对应的滑槽1127的形状相匹配是指：当第一侧板1125的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为矩形，则位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为矩形；当第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为矩形，则位于第二主体163的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为矩形；当第一侧板1125的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为半圆形，则位于第二主体163的与第一侧板1125的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为半圆形；当第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上开设的滑槽1127被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面为半圆形，则位于第二主体163的与第二侧板1126的内侧面1121相对的表面的第二滑块164被垂直于x方向的面截得的截面也为半圆形等等，在此不再一一列举。
请结合图9，本实施方式中，第二滑块164被垂直于x方向的面截得的形状为非规则的异形形状，该异形形状由一条直线和一条弧线围成封闭的“D”字形，其中，第二滑块164的外壁被截得的形状对应“D”字形的弧线部分。第二滑块164的形状与对应的滑槽1127的形状相匹配指的是：滑槽1127的内壁对应的弧线和第二滑块164的外壁对应的弧线的曲率相同。如此，第二滑块164和滑槽1127可更好的配合。
在z方向上，第二滑块164的相背两端与滑槽1127的内壁的相背两端抵触。具体地，在第二滑块164安装在滑槽1127内时，在z方向上，与第一侧板1125对应的第二滑块164的相背两端被第一侧板1125的内侧面1121上的滑槽1127的内壁的相背两端抵触，与第二侧板1126对应的第二滑块164的相背两端被第二侧板1126的内侧面1121上的滑槽1127的内壁的相背两端抵触，从而使得第二滑块164在z方向的移动被限制，防止第二滑块164沿z方向发生晃动或倾斜(tilt)，保证变焦镜头10的成像质量不受影响。
第三透镜组162设置在第二容置空间167内。具体地，第三透镜组162可通过胶合、螺合、卡合等方式安装在第二容置空间167内。第三透镜组162可以为单独的透镜，该透镜为凸透镜或凹透镜；或者第三透镜组162包括多枚透镜(如两枚、三枚等)，多枚透镜可均为凸透镜或凹透镜，或部分为凸透镜，部分为凹透镜。本实施方式中，第三透镜组162包括两枚透镜。第三透镜组162中的透镜可以是玻璃透镜或塑料透镜。
请再次参阅图8，第三透镜组162中的透镜为回转体的一部分。例如，第三透镜组162中的透镜首先通过模具形成回转体透镜S1，然后对回转体透镜S1的边缘进行切割，切割比例根据电子装置1000的内部空间的大小、变焦镜头10的光学参数等因素确定，以形成图8所示的近似正方体或长方体的透镜S2(正方体或长方体的透镜S2被光轴O穿过的面凹陷或凸起)；或者，第三透镜组162中的透镜均使用特制的模具直接制作，模具的模腔即为回转体的一部分，从而直接制成第三透镜组162中的透镜。如此，第三透镜组162中的透镜的体积大大减小，从而使得变焦镜头10的整体体积减小，有利于电子装置1000的小型化。
请参阅图4至图6，本实施方式中，镜头组件12设置在凸台1133的安装空间1135内，第二移动组件16、第一移动组件14和棱镜组件13沿着x方向(像侧至物侧)依次设置在收容空间114内。其中，镜头组件12固定设置在凸台1133，棱镜组件13固定设置基板111的承载面1111上，镜头组件12和棱镜组件13相对；第一移动组件14的第一滑块144穿设安装槽1128后滑入到滑槽1127内，第二移动组件16的第二滑块164穿设安装槽1128后滑入到滑槽1127内，以使得第一滑块144和第二滑块164可滑动地设置在滑槽1127内，从而使得第一移动组件14和第二移动组件16与侧板112滑动连接。第一滑块144与第一主体143固定连接，第二滑块164与第二主体163固定连接，在第一滑块144和第二滑块164在滑槽1127内滑动时，第一主体143带动第二透镜组142移动，第二主体163带动第三透镜组162移动，使得第二透镜组142与棱镜132的相对距离、和第三透镜组162与棱镜132的相对距离发生变化，同时，第二透镜组142与第一透镜组122在光轴O上的相对距离发生变化，第三透镜组162与第一透镜组122在光轴O上的相对距离发生变化，从而实现变焦镜头10的变焦。请参阅图5a和图5b，本实施方式中，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时(如图5a所示的状态)棱镜132与第二透镜 组142的第一轴上间距z11大于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时(如图5b所示的状态)棱镜132与第二透镜组142的第一轴上间距z12，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时第二透镜组142与第三透镜组162的第二轴上间距z21大于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时的第二透镜组142与第三透镜组162的第二轴上间距z21。也即是说，在变焦镜头10从广角状态变化到长焦状态时，第二透镜组142靠近棱镜132移动(第一轴上间距减小)，第三透镜组162靠近第二透镜组142移动，且第二轴上间距减小。在其他实施方式中，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时的第一轴上间距z11小于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时的的第一轴上间距z12，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时的第二轴上间距z21小于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时的第二轴上间距z22；或者，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时的第一轴上间距z11小于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时的第一轴上间距z12，变焦镜头10处于广角状态时的第二轴上间距z21大于变焦镜头10处于长焦状态时的第二轴上间距z22等等，变焦镜头10从广角状态切换为长焦状态时，第一轴上间距z1和第二轴上间距z2的变化趋势可根据第一透镜组122至第三透镜组162的参数(如面型参数、非球面系数参数等等)确定，在此不再一一列举。
可以理解，变焦镜头10根据第一轴上间距和第二轴上间距减小的幅度，焦距的变化幅度也不同，例如随着第一轴上间距和第二轴上间距均逐渐减小，变焦镜头10的焦距逐渐增大。再例如，随着第一轴上间距和第二轴上间距逐渐减小，变焦镜头10的焦距逐渐增大等。本实施方式中，随着第一轴上间距和第二轴上间距逐渐减小，变焦镜头10的焦距逐渐增大。如此，变焦镜头10可以控制焦距倍数逐渐变化，例如随着第一轴上间距和第二轴上间距逐渐减小，焦距从初始焦距的1倍逐渐变化为初始焦距(初始焦距为变焦镜头10处于广角状态时的焦距)的10倍，从而使得变焦镜头10实现10倍光学变焦。
在镜头组件12安装到盖板113的凸台1133内，棱镜组件13、第一移动组件14和第二移动组件16安装到收容空间114内后，将盖板113安装到侧板112上，盖板113的抵持部1132完全填充在安装槽1128内。可以理解，变焦镜头10在变焦时，第二滑块164在经过滑槽1127上与安装槽1128对应的位置时，由于没有滑槽1127的内壁抵触，可能会发生z方向的晃动或倾斜，因此在抵持部1132完全填充安装槽1128后，抵持部1132可抵触第二滑块164，从而防止滑块发生z方向的晃动或倾斜。
此外，请参阅图1，在变焦镜头10安装到电子装置1000内后，第一透镜组122的光轴O’方向与电子装置1000的厚度方向一致且平行，第三透镜组162的光轴O方向垂直于电子装置1000的厚度方向，从而使得变焦镜头10实现潜望式结构。变焦镜头10沿x方向的厚度小于电子装置1000的厚度，变焦镜头10沿y方向的长度小于电子装置1000的宽度，有利于电子装置1000的小型化。
需要说明的是：电子装置1000可包括驱动结构，例如驱动结构可以是设置在收容空间114内的磁驱动结构，磁驱动结构包括磁线圈和磁铁，磁线圈可设置在棱镜组件13与第一移动组件14之间，也可以位于第一移动组件14与第二移动组件16之间，还可以位于第二移动组件16与感光元件50之间；磁铁可设置在第一移动组件14的第一主体143和第二移动组件16的第二主体163上。本申请实施方式中，磁线圈有两个，分别设置在棱镜组件13和第一移动组件14之间及设置在第一移动组件14和第二移动组件16之间，磁铁分别设置在第一移动组件14的第一主体143上和设置在第二移动组件16的第二主体163上。当位于棱镜组件13和第一移动组件14之间的磁线圈通有不同方向的电流时，会产生相应的磁场，从而控制装有磁铁的第一主体143远离对应的磁线圈移动(第一滑块144沿着滑槽1127远离对应的磁线圈移动)或靠近对应的磁线圈移动(第一滑块144沿着滑槽1127靠近对应的磁线圈移动)；当位于第一移动组件14和第二移动组件16之间的磁线圈通有不同方向的电流时，会产生相应的磁场，从而控制装有磁铁的第二主体163远离对应的磁线圈移动(第二滑块164沿着滑槽1127远离对应的磁线圈移动)或靠近对应磁线圈移动(第二滑块164沿着滑槽1127靠近对应的磁线圈移动)。
再例如，驱动结构还可以是线性电机，第一线性电机的定子可固定安装在内侧面1121上，该线性电机的动子自定子延伸并与第一主体143连接，第二线性电机的定子也固定安装在内侧面1121上，该线性电机的动子自定子延伸并与第二主体163连接，当第一线性电机的动子做直线伸缩运动时，从而带动第一主体143能够直线移动(第一滑块144在滑槽1127内滑动)，当第二线性电机的动子做直线伸缩运动时，从而带动第二主体163能够直线移动(第二滑块164在滑槽1127内滑动)。其中，第一线性电机可设置在第一侧板1125的内侧面1121上并位于镜头组件12与棱镜组件13之间，第二线性电机可设置在第二侧板1126的内侧面1121并位于第一移动组件14和第二移动组件16之间。在其他 实施方式中，第一线性电机还可以设置在第一移动组件14和第二移动组件16之间，第二线性电机还可以设置在第二移动组件16与感光元件50之间。当然，驱动结构还可以是其他结构，例如液压结构、压电马达等，在此不再一一列举。
在成像时，光线依次经盖板113的凸台1133的入光口1134、镜头组件12的进光孔123、第一透镜组122、和出光孔124、棱镜组件13的进光通孔133后被棱镜132的反射面137反射后从出光通孔134射出，然后光线再依次经过第一移动组件14的第一进光口145、第二透镜组142和第一出光口146、及第二移动组件16的第二进光口165、第三透镜组162和第二出光口166，最终到达感光元件50(感光元件50设置在侧板112的内侧面1121并与第二出光口166相对)上进行成像。变焦镜头10可通过第一滑块144和第二滑块164在滑槽1127内的相对移动，可改变第二透镜组142与镜头组件12在光轴O上的相对距离、及第三透镜组162与镜头组件12在光轴O上的相对距离，从而改变相机模组100的焦距，实现相机模组100的变焦。
请参阅图10，在某些实施方式中，第二透镜组142还可位于第一透镜组122与入射面136之间。
具体地，第一移动组件14可设置在凸台1133的安装空间1135内，第一移动组件14的第一进光口145与镜头组件12的出光孔124相对，第一移动组件14的第一出光口146与棱镜组件13的进光通孔133相对。第一移动组件14可在安装空间1135内相对镜头组件12的移动，此时，凸台1133的内侧面的结构与侧板112的内侧面1121的结构相同，例如开设滑槽，滑槽贯穿凸台1133朝向棱镜组件13的端面，在此种结构下，凸台1133的内侧面可不开设安装槽，凸台1133的滑槽的具体结构及与滑块的配合结构请参滑槽1127与第一滑块144和第二滑块164的配合结构，在此不再赘述。如此，可减少变焦镜头10某一方向上的长度。
请参阅图4、图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，第一外壳141还包括相背的第一顶面148和第一底面149。第一顶面148与盖板113相对。第一底面149与基板111的承载面1111相对。第一底面149开设有第一凹槽1491，基板111的与第一底面149相对的表面(即，承载面1111)形成有第一滑轨1112，第一移动组件14还包括第一滚珠150，第一滚珠150设置在第一凹槽1491内并与第一滑轨1112的底部抵触。
具体地，第一凹槽1491与第一滚珠150的形状相匹配，例如，第一滚珠150为球形，移动阻力较小，第一凹槽1491为半圆形凹槽，第一滚珠150的直径和第一凹槽1491的直径相等，也即是说，第一滚珠150的一半位于第一凹槽1491内。第一滚珠150和第一凹槽1491的结合较为紧密，在第一滚珠150移动时，可带动第一移动组件14的第一外壳141移动。承载面1111形成有第一滑轨1112，第一滑轨1112可以是承载面1111上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，第一滑轨1112也可以是设置在承载面1111上的延伸方向与x方向平行的凸块，凸块的与第一外壳141的底面相对的表面形成有与第一滚珠150配合的凹槽。本实施方式中，第一滑轨1112为承载面1111上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，在第一移动组件14安装在收容空间114后，第一滚珠150的一部分位于第一滑轨1112内并与第一滑轨1112的底部抵触。第一滑轨1112的内壁被垂直x方向的面截得的形状呈第一弧形，第一滚珠150的被垂直x方向的面截得的外轮廓呈第二弧形，且第一弧形的曲率和第二弧形的曲率相同。如此，在y方向上，第一滚珠150的外壁和滑轨1112的内壁结合较为紧密，第一滚珠150的外壁的相背两侧被滑轨1112的内壁的相背两侧抵触。
第一凹槽1491的数量为一个或多个。例如，第一凹槽1491的数量为一个、两个、三个、四个、甚至更多个等，本实施方式中，第一凹槽1491的数量为四个。第一滚珠150的数量也可以是一个或多个。本实施方式中，第一滚珠150的数量与第一凹槽1491的数量相同，也为四个。四个第一凹槽1491间隔设置在第一底面149。
第一滑轨1112的数量可以是一个或多个，第一滑轨1112的数量根据四个第一凹槽1491的位置确定，例如，四个第一凹槽1491的中心在一条平行于x方向的直线上，则只需一个第一滑轨1112即可；再例如，四个第一凹槽1491分两组，每组均包括两个第一凹槽1491，每组的两个第一凹槽1491的中心连线均平行于x方向，且每组的两个第一凹槽1491的中心连线不重合，则需要两个第一滑轨1112分别与每组的两个第一凹槽1491对应。本实施方式中，四个第一凹槽1491分两组，每组均包括两个第一凹槽1491，每组的两个第一凹槽1491的中心连线互相平行且均平行于x方向，四个第一凹槽1491可围成矩形。如此，四个第一滚珠150在第一滑轨1112内滑动时，四个第一滚珠150被限制在两条第 一滑轨1112内，且由于在y方向上，第一滚珠150的外壁的相背两侧被第一滑轨1112的内壁的相背两侧抵触，可防止第一移动组件14在y方向上发生晃动或倾斜，从而保证相机模组100的成像质量不受影响。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，第一顶面148开设有第二凹槽1481，第一移动组件14还包括第二滚珠151，第二滚珠151设置在第二凹槽1481内并与盖板113抵触。
具体地，第二凹槽1481与第二滚珠151的形状相匹配，例如，第二滚珠151为球形，移动阻力较小，第二凹槽1481为半圆形凹槽，第二滚珠151的直径和第二凹槽1481的直径相等，也即是说，第二滚珠151的一半位于第二凹槽1481内。第二滚珠151和第二凹槽1481的结合较为紧密，在第二滚珠151移动时，可带动第一移动组件14的第一外壳141移动。第二凹槽1481的数量为一个或多个。例如，第二凹槽1481的数量为一个、两个、三个、四个、甚至更多个等，本实施方式中，第二凹槽1481的数量为四个。第二滚珠151的数量也可以是一个或多个。本实施方式中，第二滚珠151的数量与第二凹槽1481的数量相同，也为四个。四个第二凹槽1481间隔设置在第一外壳141的第一顶面148。第二滚珠151设置在第二凹槽1481内并与盖板113抵触，使得第一移动组件14被限制在盖板113和基板111之间，可防止第一移动组件14发生z方向的晃动或倾斜，从而保证成像质量不受影响。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，盖板113的与第一顶面148相对的表面形成有第二滑轨1136，第二滚珠151设置在第二凹槽1481内并与第二滑轨1136的底部抵触。
具体地，第二滑轨1136可以是盖板113的与第一顶面148相对的表面上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，第二滑轨1136也可以是设置在盖板113的与第一顶面148相对的表面上的延伸方向与x方向平行的凸块，凸块的与第一外壳141的第一顶面148相对的表面形成有与第二滚珠151配合的凹槽。本实施方式中，第二滑轨1136为盖板113的与第一顶面148相对的表面上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，在第一移动组件14安装在收容空间114后，第二滚珠151的一部分位于第二滑轨1136内并与第二滑轨1136的底部抵触。第二滑轨1136的内壁被垂直x方向的面截得的形状呈第三弧形，第二滚珠151被垂直x方向的面截得的外轮廓呈第四弧形，且第三弧形的曲率和第四弧形的曲率相同。在第二滚珠151沿着第二滑轨1136转动时，在y方向上，第二滚珠151的外壁的相背两侧被第二滑轨1136的内壁的相背两侧抵触，使得第二滚珠151在y方向的移动受到限制，从而进一步防止第一移动组件14发生y方向上的晃动或倾斜。
第二滑轨1136的数量可以是一个或多个，第二滑轨1136的数量根据四个第二凹槽1481的位置确定，例如，四个第二凹槽1481的中心在一条平行于x方向的直线上，则只需一个第二滑轨1136即可；再例如，四个第二凹槽1481分两组，每组均包括两个第二凹槽1481，每组的两个第二凹槽1481的中心连线均平行于x方向，且每组的两个第二凹槽1481的中心连线不重合，则需要两个第二滑轨1136分别与每组的两个第二凹槽1481对应。本实施方式中，四个第二凹槽1481分两组，每组均包括两个第二凹槽1481，每组的两个第二凹槽1481的中心连线互相平行且均平行于x方向，四个第二凹槽1481可围成矩形。如此，四个第二滚珠151在第二滑轨1136内滑动时，四个第二滚珠151被限制在两条第二滑轨1136内，且由于在y方向上，第二滚珠151的外壁的相背两侧被第二滑轨1136的内壁的相背两侧抵触，可防止第一移动组件14在y方向上发生晃动或倾斜，从而更进一步地保证相机模组100的成像质量不受影响。
请参阅图4、图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，第二外壳161还包括相背的第二顶面168和第二底面169。第二顶面168与盖板113相对。第二底面169与基板111的承载面1111相对。第二底面169开设有第三凹槽1691，基板111的与第二底面169相对的表面(即，承载面1111)形成有第一滑轨1112，第二移动组件16还包括第三滚珠170，第三滚珠170设置在第三凹槽1691内并与第一滑轨1112的底部抵触。
具体地，第三凹槽1691与第三滚珠170的形状相匹配，例如，第三滚珠170为球形，移动阻力较小，第三凹槽1691为半圆形凹槽，第三滚珠170的直径和第三凹槽1691的直径相等，也即是说，第三滚珠170的一半位于第三凹槽1691内。第三滚珠170和第三凹槽1691的结合较为紧密，在第三滚珠170移动时，可带动第二移动组件16的第二外壳161移动。承载面1111形成有第一滑轨1112，第一滑轨1112可以是承载面1111上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，第一滑轨1112也可以是设置在承载面1111上的延伸方向与x方向平行的凸块，凸块的与第二外壳161的底面相对的表面形成有与 第三滚珠170配合的凹槽。本实施方式中，第一滑轨1112为承载面1111上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，在第二移动组件16安装在收容空间114后，第三滚珠170的一部分位于第一滑轨1112内并与第一滑轨1112的底部抵触。第一滑轨1112的内壁被垂直x方向的面截得的形状呈第一弧形，第三滚珠170的被垂直x方向的面截得的外轮廓呈第二弧形，且第一弧形的曲率和第二弧形的曲率相同。如此，在y方向上，第三滚珠170的外壁和第一滑轨1112的内壁结合较为紧密，第三滚珠170的外壁的相背两侧被第一滑轨1112的内壁的相背两侧抵触。
第三凹槽1691的数量为一个或多个。例如，第三凹槽1691的数量为一个、两个、三个、四个、甚至更多个等，本实施方式中，第三凹槽1691的数量为四个。第三滚珠170的数量也可以是一个或多个。本实施方式中，第三滚珠170的数量与第三凹槽1691的数量相同，也为四个。四个第三凹槽1691间隔设置在第二底面169。
本实施方式中，四个第三凹槽1691分两组，每组均包括两个第三凹槽1691，每组的两个第三凹槽1691的中心连线互相平行且均平行于x方向，四个第三凹槽1691可围成矩形。如此，四个第三滚珠170在第一滑轨1112内滑动时，四个第三滚珠170被限制在两条第一滑轨1112内，且由于在y方向上，第三滚珠170的外壁的相背两侧被第一滑轨1112的内壁的相背两侧抵触，可防止第二移动组件16在y方向上发生晃动或倾斜，从而保证相机模组100的成像质量不受影响。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，第二顶面168开设有第四凹槽1681，第二移动组件16还包括第四滚珠171，第四滚珠171设置在第四凹槽1681内并与盖板113抵触。
具体地，第四凹槽1681与第四滚珠171的形状相匹配，例如，第四滚珠171为球形，移动阻力较小，第四凹槽1681为半圆形凹槽，第四滚珠171的直径和第四凹槽1681的直径相等，也即是说，第四滚珠171的一半位于第四凹槽1681内。第四滚珠171和第四凹槽1681的结合较为紧密，在第四滚珠171移动时，可带动第二移动组件16的第二外壳161移动。第四凹槽1681的数量为一个或多个。例如，第四凹槽1681的数量为一个、两个、三个、四个、甚至更多个等，本实施方式中，第四凹槽1681的数量为四个。第四滚珠171的数量也可以是一个或多个。本实施方式中，第四滚珠171的数量与第四凹槽1681的数量相同，也为四个。四个第四凹槽1681间隔设置在第二外壳161的第二顶面168。第四滚珠171设置在第四凹槽1681内并与盖板113抵触，使得第二移动组件16被限制在盖板113和基板111之间，可防止第二移动组件16发生z方向的晃动或倾斜，从而保证成像质量不受影响。
请参阅图5a和图5b，在某些实施方式中，盖板113的与第二顶面168相对的表面形成有第二滑轨1136，第四滚珠171设置在第四凹槽1681内并与第二滑轨1136的底部抵触。
具体地，第二滑轨1136可以是盖板113的与第二顶面168相对的表面上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，第二滑轨1136也可以是设置在盖板113的与第二顶面168相对的表面上的延伸方向与x方向平行的凸块，凸块的与第二外壳161的顶面相对的表面形成有与第四滚珠171配合的凹槽。本实施方式中，第二滑轨1136为盖板113的与第二顶面168相对的表面上形成的延伸方向与x方向平行的凹槽，在第二移动组件16安装在收容空间114后，第四滚珠171的一部分位于第二滑轨1136内并与第二滑轨1136的底部抵触。第二滑轨1136的内壁被垂直x方向的面截得的形状呈第三弧形，第四滚珠171被垂直x方向的面截得的外轮廓呈第四弧形，且第三弧形的曲率和第四弧形的曲率相同。在第四滚珠171沿着第二滑轨1136转动时，在y方向上，第四滚珠171的外壁的相背两侧被第二滑轨1136的内壁的相背两侧抵触，使得第四滚珠171在y方向的移动受到限制，从而进一步防止第二移动组件16发生y方向上的晃动或倾斜。
本实施方式中，四个第四凹槽1681分两组，每组均包括两个第四凹槽1681，每组的两个第四凹槽1681的中心连线互相平行且均平行于x方向，四个第四凹槽1681可围成矩形。如此，四个第四滚珠171在第二滑轨1136内滑动时，四个第四滚珠171被限制在两条第二滑轨1136内，且由于在y方向上，第四滚珠171的外壁的相背两侧被第二滑轨1136的内壁的相背两侧抵触，可防止第二移动组件16在y方向上发生晃动或倾斜，从而更进一步地保证相机模组100的成像质量不受影响。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“某些实施方式”、“一个实施方式”、“一些实施方式”、“示意性实施方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”的描述意指结合实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任 何的一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个，除非另有明确具体的限定。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型，本申请的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种变焦镜头，其特征在于，包括：
    第一透镜组，所述第一透镜组具有负光焦度；
    棱镜，所述棱镜包括依次连接的入射面、反射面和出射面，所述第一透镜组与所述入射面相对；
    第二透镜组，所述第二透镜组具有正光焦度，所述第二透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动；及
    第三透镜组，所述第三透镜组具有负光焦度，所述第三透镜组与所述出射面相对，所述第三透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述第二透镜组位于所述第三透镜组与所述出射面之间。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述第二透镜组位于所述第一透镜组与所述入射面之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述第一透镜组、所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组中均包括一个或多个透镜，至少一个所述透镜为回转体的一部分。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述变焦镜头处于广角状态时所述棱镜与所述第二透镜组之间的第一轴上间距大于所述变焦镜头处于长焦状态时所述棱镜与所述第二透镜组之间的所述第一轴上间距，所述变焦镜头处于广角状态时的所述第二透镜组与所述第三透镜组之间的第二轴上间距大于所述变焦镜头处于长焦状态时所述第二透镜组与所述第三透镜组之间的所述第二轴上间距。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述第一透镜组、所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组均包括一个或多个透镜，所述透镜为塑料透镜或玻璃透镜。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述变焦镜头包括壳体、第一移动组件和第二移动组件，所述壳体包括基板与设置在所述基板上的侧板，所述侧板上开设有滑槽；
    所述第一移动组件包括所述第二透镜组和第一外壳，所述第二透镜组安装在所述第一外壳上，所述第二移动组件包括所述第三透镜组和第二外壳，所述第三透镜组安装在所述第二外壳上；
    所述第一外壳包括第一主体和与所述第一主体连接的第一滑块，所述第二外壳包括第二主体和与所述第二主体连接的第二滑块，所述滑槽沿所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组的光轴方向延伸，所述第一滑块和所述第二滑块可滑动地安装在所述滑槽内，所述第一外壳和所述第二外壳滑动时分别带动所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组滑动。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述壳体还包括盖板，所述盖板设置在所述侧板上，所述第一外壳还包括相背的第一顶面和第一底面，所述第一顶面与所述盖板相对，所述第一底面与所述基板相对，所述第一底面开设有第一凹槽，所述基板的与所述第一底面相对的表面形成有第一滑轨，所述第一移动组件还包括第一滚珠，所述第一滚珠设置在所述第一凹槽内并与所述第一滑轨的底部抵触。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的变焦镜头，其特征在于，所述侧板开设有安装槽，所述安装槽的一端贯穿所述侧板的与所述基板相背的表面，所述安装槽的另一端连通所述滑槽，所述第一滑块和所述第二滑块通过所述安装槽安装在所述滑槽内。
  10. 一种相机模组，其特征在于，所述相机模组包括：
    感光元件；和
    变焦镜头，所述感光元件设置在所述变焦镜头的像侧；
    所述变焦镜头包括：
    第一透镜组，所述第一透镜组具有负光焦度；
    棱镜，所述棱镜包括依次连接的入射面、反射面和出射面，所述第一透镜组与所述入射面相对；
    第二透镜组，所述第二透镜组具有正光焦度，所述第二透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动；及
    第三透镜组，所述第三透镜组具有负光焦度，所述第三透镜组与所述出射面相对，所述第三透镜组可相对所述棱镜移动。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述第二透镜组位于所述第三透镜组与所述出射面之间。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述第二透镜组位于所述第一透镜组与所述入射面之间。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述第一透镜组、所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组中均包括一个或多个透镜，至少一个所述透镜为回转体的一部分。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述变焦镜头处于广角状态时所述棱镜与所述第二透镜组之间的第一轴上间距大于所述变焦镜头处于长焦状态时所述棱镜与所述第二透镜组之间的所述第一轴上间距，所述变焦镜头处于广角状态时的所述第二透镜组与所述第三透镜组之间的第二轴上间距大于所述变焦镜头处于长焦状态时所述第二透镜组与所述第三透镜组之间的所述第二轴上间距。
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述第一透镜组、所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组均包括一个或多个透镜，所述透镜为塑料透镜或玻璃透镜。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述变焦镜头包括壳体、第一移动组件和第二移动组件，所述壳体包括基板与设置在所述基板上的侧板，所述侧板上开设有滑槽；
    所述第一移动组件包括所述第二透镜组和第一外壳，所述第二透镜组安装在所述第一外壳上，所述第二移动组件包括所述第三透镜组和第二外壳，所述第三透镜组安装在所述第二外壳上；
    所述第一外壳包括第一主体和与所述第一主体连接的第一滑块，所述第二外壳包括第二主体和与所述第二主体连接的第二滑块，所述滑槽沿所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组的光轴方向延伸，所述第一滑块和所述第二滑块可滑动地安装在所述滑槽内，所述第一外壳和所述第二外壳滑动时分别带动所述第二透镜组和所述第三透镜组滑动。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述壳体还包括盖板，所述盖板设置在所述侧板上，所述第一外壳还包括相背的第一顶面和第一底面，所述第一顶面与所述盖板相对，所述第一底面与所述基板相对，所述第一底面开设有第一凹槽，所述基板的与所述第一底面相对的表面形成有第一滑轨，所述第一移动组件还包括第一滚珠，所述第一滚珠设置在所述第一凹槽内并与所述第一滑轨的底部抵触。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的相机模组，其特征在于，所述侧板开设有安装槽，所述安装槽的一端贯穿所述侧板的与所述基板相背的表面，所述安装槽的另一端连通所述滑槽，所述第一滑块和所述第二滑块通过所述安装槽安装在所述滑槽内。
  19. 一种电子装置，其特征在于，所述电子装置包括：
    机壳；和
    权利要求10至18任一项所述的相机模组，所述相机模组安装在所述机壳上。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电子装置，其特征在于，所述第一透镜组的光轴方向与所述电子装置的厚度方向一致，所述第三透镜组的光轴方向垂直于所述电子装置的厚度方向。
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