WO2021052014A1 - 一种网络切换方法及终端设备 - Google Patents

一种网络切换方法及终端设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021052014A1
WO2021052014A1 PCT/CN2020/105281 CN2020105281W WO2021052014A1 WO 2021052014 A1 WO2021052014 A1 WO 2021052014A1 CN 2020105281 W CN2020105281 W CN 2020105281W WO 2021052014 A1 WO2021052014 A1 WO 2021052014A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal device
network
data packets
unavailable
link quality
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/105281
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
林力新
樊宇伟
裘风光
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP20866372.4A priority Critical patent/EP4024951B1/en
Priority to US17/761,528 priority patent/US12177732B2/en
Publication of WO2021052014A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021052014A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H04W36/0066—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link of control information between different types of networks in order to establish a new radio link in the target network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/14—Reselecting a network or an air interface
    • H04W36/144—Reselecting a network or an air interface over a different radio air interface technology
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/305—Handover due to radio link failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/34—Reselection control
    • H04W36/36—Reselection control by user or terminal equipment
    • H04W36/362—Conditional handover

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, in particular to a network switching method and terminal equipment.
  • the fifth generation (5th Generation, 5G) system (such as the new generation of radio access technology (NR)) will be the mainstream communication technology for a period of time in the future.
  • the 5G system cannot meet the coverage requirements in the initial commercial stage, so the terminal equipment that accesses the 5G system will have the problem of poor link quality of the data link. For example, an access request sent by an application running on a terminal device may not receive feedback within a period of time, resulting in a problem of access failure.
  • the terminal device loaded with the Android system can use the dorecovery mechanism supported by the Android system (including the self-healing mechanism including the four-level reconstruction strategy, which is to query the activation list and re Configure routing, re-registration, switch flight mode, etc.) for self-healing, but the self-healing mechanism often fails to solve the problem of poor link quality, causing users to use 5G terminal equipment to get stuck in the process of surfing the Internet, and the response is slow. problem.
  • the self-healing mechanism including the four-level reconstruction strategy, which is to query the activation list and re Configure routing, re-registration, switch flight mode, etc.
  • This application provides a network switching method and terminal equipment, which can enable terminal equipment connected to a 5G system to switch to other non-5G systems in time when the data link quality is poor, so as to ensure the continuity of data services and improve terminal performance and User experience.
  • the present application provides a network handover method.
  • the method includes: the terminal device first obtains the link quality parameter of the data link of the terminal device, and the downlink data packet received by the terminal device is within a set time period. When the number exceeds the first threshold and the number of uplink data packets sent is zero; or, within the set time period, the number of uplink data packets sent by the terminal device exceeds the second threshold and the number of downlink data packets received is zero, determine 5G The system was unavailable and switched from a 5G system to a non-5G system.
  • the terminal device can switch to other non-5G systems in time when the quality of the data link is poor, so as to ensure the continuity of data services and improve terminal performance and user experience.
  • the terminal device when the link quality parameter meets the set conditions, the terminal device also sends a test data packet to the designated public network server; when the detection result of the test data packet indicates that the data link is disconnected, It is determined that the 5G system is indeed unavailable, so it is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • the terminal device when the link quality parameters meet the set conditions, resolves the historical domain name in the cache, and when the resolution fails, it determines that the 5G system is unavailable; when the resolution succeeds, it sends a message to the specified
  • the public network server sends a test data packet; when the detection result of the test data packet indicates that the data link is disconnected, it is determined that the 5G system is unavailable.
  • the method can accurately determine whether the data link of the terminal device accessing the public network is connected, so as to determine whether the data link is available.
  • the historical domain name in the buffer is resolved; when the resolution fails, it is determined that the 5G system is unavailable; when the resolution is successful, the specified
  • the public network server sends a test data packet; when the detection result of the test data packet indicates that the data link is disconnected, it is determined that the 5G system is unavailable.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device is connected to the private network, the terminal device can determine whether the data link of the private network is connected by analyzing the historical domain name by the above method; When the device is connected to the public network, the terminal device can also determine whether the public network is connected by analyzing the historical domain name by the above method, so as to avoid only sending test data packets to the designated public network server for link detection, and the detection result may be unreliable problem.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device determines that the 5G system is unavailable, it can use the four-level reconstruction strategy of query routing, reconfiguration routing, re-registration, and switch flight mode in order to restore the network; when the network recovery is unsuccessful , Switch to a non-5G system.
  • the terminal device initiates a self-healing mechanism to restore the network.
  • the terminal device can automatically restore the network to a normal state. If the self-healing still fails to restore the network, the network can be switched.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device determines that the 5G system is unavailable, it can use the query route to recover the network; when the network recovery is unsuccessful, switch to the non-5G system.
  • the terminal device starts the query route to restore the network.
  • the terminal device can automatically restore the network to a normal state. If the network cannot be restored after self-healing, the network can be switched.
  • the terminal equipment can switch the network in time when the quality of the data link is poor.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device is in the connected state, it will send to the network device that it does not support the 5G system.
  • Terminal capability information to trigger the network device to instruct the terminal device to switch to the LTE system; when the terminal device is in an idle state, it is suppressed to report the measurement result of the 5G system, and the random access function of the 5G system is not activated to allow the terminal device to pass Access to the LTE system by means of autonomous network search.
  • this method can ensure that the terminal device quickly performs network switching.
  • the terminal device if the 5G system is NSA, and the terminal device accesses a heterogeneous communication system composed of the 5G system and other systems other than LTE and 5G systems, then the terminal device is in the connected state , The terminal device reduces the measurement value of the measurement report of the serving cell in the class A and class B handover events, so that the terminal device can access the non-5G system through autonomous network search, wherein the serving cell is the one in the 5G system Cell; when the terminal equipment is in idle state, reduce the priority of the network selection of the 5G system, and suppress the reporting of the measurement report of the serving cell within a set time period, so that the terminal equipment can access to the non- LTE system, where non-LTE systems do not include 5G systems.
  • this method can ensure that the terminal device quickly performs network switching.
  • the terminal device may send terminal capability information that does not support the 5G system to the network device to trigger the network device to instruct the terminal device to switch to a non-5G system.
  • this method can ensure that the terminal device quickly performs network switching.
  • this application provides a network handover method.
  • the method includes: a terminal device obtains a link quality parameter of a data link of the terminal device, wherein the terminal device is currently connected to the 5G system; when the link quality parameter meets the setting When conditions are met, determine that the 5G system is unavailable and switch to a non-5G system; among them, the link quality parameters include the number of uplink data packets and the number of downlink data packets received within the set time period, as well as the packet loss rate and uplink data packet buffering.
  • At least one item in the extension; the setting condition is at least one of the following six setting conditions;
  • the first set condition is: within the set time period, the number of downlink data packets received by the terminal device exceeds the first threshold, and the number of uplink data packets sent is zero;
  • the second setting condition is: within the set time period, the number of uplink data packets sent by the terminal device exceeds the second threshold, and the number of received downlink data packets is zero;
  • the third setting condition is that the downlink data packets received by the terminal device are not zero within the set time period, and the ratio between the number of uplink data packets sent and the number of downlink data packets received within the set time period is greater than the first Set the ratio;
  • the fourth setting condition is: within the set time period, the uplink data packets sent by the terminal device are not zero, and the ratio between the number of uplink data packets sent and the number of received downlink data packets within the set time period is less than the second Set the ratio;
  • the fifth setting condition is: within the set time period, the buffering delay of the uplink data packet of the terminal device exceeds the set time period;
  • the sixth setting condition is: within the set time period, the packet loss rate of the terminal device is greater than the third threshold.
  • the terminal device determines whether the 5G system is available through various types of data link quality parameters such as packet loss rate, uplink data packet buffering delay, the number of uplink data packets, and the number of downlink data packets, which helps Improve the accuracy of judgment results, cover a wide range of scenes, and have strong practicability.
  • data link quality parameters such as packet loss rate, uplink data packet buffering delay, the number of uplink data packets, and the number of downlink data packets, which helps Improve the accuracy of judgment results, cover a wide range of scenes, and have strong practicability.
  • the terminal device when the link quality parameter meets the set conditions, the terminal device also sends a test data packet to the designated public network server; when the detection result of the test data packet indicates that the data link is disconnected, It is determined that the 5G system is indeed unavailable, so it is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • the terminal device when the link quality parameters meet the set conditions, resolves the historical domain name in the cache, and when the resolution fails, it determines that the 5G system is unavailable; when the resolution succeeds, it sends a message to the specified
  • the public network server sends a test data packet; when the detection result of the test data packet indicates that the data link is disconnected, it is determined that the 5G system is unavailable.
  • the method can accurately determine whether the data link of the terminal device accessing the public network is connected, so as to determine whether the data link is available.
  • the historical domain name in the buffer is resolved; when the resolution fails, it is determined that the 5G system is unavailable; when the resolution is successful, the specified
  • the public network server sends a test data packet; when the detection result of the test data packet indicates that the data link is disconnected, it is determined that the 5G system is unavailable.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device is connected to the private network, the terminal device can determine whether the data link of the private network is connected by analyzing the historical domain name by the above method; When the device is connected to the public network, the terminal device can also determine whether the public network is connected by analyzing the historical domain name by the above method, so as to avoid only sending test data packets to the designated public network server for link detection, and the detection result may be unreliable problem.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device determines that the 5G system is unavailable, it can use the four-level reconstruction strategy of query routing, reconfiguration routing, re-registration, and switch flight mode in order to restore the network; when the network recovery is unsuccessful , Switch to a non-5G system.
  • the terminal device initiates a self-healing mechanism to restore the network.
  • the terminal device can automatically restore the network to a normal state. If the self-healing still fails to restore the network, the network can be switched.
  • the terminal device after the terminal device determines that the 5G system is unavailable, it can use the query route to recover the network; when the network recovery is unsuccessful, switch to the non-5G system.
  • the terminal device starts the query route to restore the network.
  • the terminal device can automatically restore the network to a normal state. If the network cannot be restored after self-healing, the network can be switched. In addition, to a certain extent, it also ensures that the terminal equipment can switch the network in time when the quality of the data link is poor.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device is in the connected state, it will send to the network device that it does not support the 5G system.
  • Terminal capability information to trigger the network device to instruct the terminal device to switch to the LTE system; when the terminal device is in an idle state, it is suppressed to report the measurement result of the 5G system, and the random access function of the 5G system is not activated to allow the terminal device to pass Access to the LTE system by means of autonomous network search.
  • this method can ensure that the terminal device quickly performs network switching.
  • the terminal device if the 5G system is NSA, and the terminal device accesses a heterogeneous communication system composed of the 5G system and other systems other than LTE and 5G systems, then the terminal device is in the connected state , The terminal device reduces the measurement value of the measurement report of the serving cell in the class A and class B handover events, so that the terminal device can access the non-5G system through autonomous network search, wherein the serving cell is the one in the 5G system Cell; when the terminal equipment is in idle state, reduce the priority of the network selection of the 5G system, and suppress the reporting of the measurement report of the serving cell within a set time period, so that the terminal equipment can access to the non- LTE system, where non-LTE systems do not include 5G systems.
  • this method can ensure that the terminal device quickly performs network switching.
  • the terminal device may send terminal capability information that does not support the 5G system to the network device to trigger the network device to instruct the terminal device to switch to a non-5G system.
  • this method can ensure that the terminal device quickly performs network switching.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a terminal device, which includes: a display screen, one or more processors; a memory; one or more programs; wherein one or more programs are stored in the memory,
  • the one or more programs include instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the terminal device, the terminal device executes the method steps described in any one of the first aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a terminal device.
  • the terminal device may include modules/units that execute the first aspect or any one of the possible design methods of the first aspect; these modules/units may be Hardware implementation can also be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer storage medium, the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and when called by a computer, the computer executable instructions cause the computer to execute the first aspect described above. Or the method provided by any design of the foregoing first aspect or the method provided by any design of the foregoing first aspect or the foregoing second aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product.
  • the computer program product stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the first aspect or any one of the first aspects mentioned above.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a chip, which is coupled with a memory, and is used to read and execute program instructions stored in the memory to implement any one of the above-mentioned first or second aspects.
  • a chip which is coupled with a memory, and is used to read and execute program instructions stored in the memory to implement any one of the above-mentioned first or second aspects.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a set of interfaces in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a scenario architecture of an applicable communication system provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile phone provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a set of interfaces provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • 5A and 5C are schematic diagrams of a network handover strategy provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of a set of interfaces provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a first network switching method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the second flow of a network handover method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the third flow of a network handover method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the third flow of another network handover method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a network handover process of a terminal in an EN-DC system scenario according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a network handover process in a scenario where a terminal is 5G as SA according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • the APP involved in the embodiments of this application is a software program that can realize one or more specific functions.
  • multiple applications can be installed in a terminal device.
  • the applications mentioned in the following may be system applications that have been installed when the terminal device leaves the factory, or may be third-party applications that the user downloads from the network or obtains from other terminal devices while using the terminal device.
  • the self-healing (dorecovery) mechanism is natively supported by the Android operating system, and currently supports 4 levels of self-healing, which are query activation list, reconfiguration routing, re-registration, and switch flight mode.
  • the terminal device starts the self-healing mechanism. For example, in the first step, first query the activation list; in the second step, if not If the feedback data can be received, the route will be reconfigured; the third step, if the feedback data still cannot be received, then re-register; the fourth step, if the feedback data still cannot be received, first turn on the flight mode and then turn off the flight mode .
  • Single pass means that the network card interface of the terminal device is in a single pass state, with uplink data packets but no downlink data packets, or downlink data packets without uplink data packets.
  • a terminal device connected to a 5G system encounters a network unavailability problem, it will enable the dorecovery mechanism supported by the Android system (including a four-level reconstruction strategy: query the activation list, reconfigure the route, and reconfigure Register, switch flight mode, etc.) for self-healing.
  • the dorecovery mechanism supported by the Android system including a four-level reconstruction strategy: query the activation list, reconfigure the route, and reconfigure Register, switch flight mode, etc.
  • the self-healing mechanism supported by the Android system will be enabled for self-healing.
  • the network signal icon in the status bar indicates that there is currently only uplink transmission and no downlink transmission.
  • the mobile phone starts Self-healing mechanism.
  • the network signal icon of the mobile phone may be as shown in (b) in Figure 1, which is used to indicate that the current uplink and downlink transmissions do not exist.
  • the status bar of the mobile phone may be as shown in (c) in Figure 1, that is, all four-level signal grids disappear.
  • the mobile phone may not be able to search the network at all.
  • the status bar is shown in Figure 1 (d).
  • the mobile phone reconnected to the 5G system.
  • the network state after the mobile phone reconnects to the 5G system may still be as shown in Figure 1 (a), that is, there is only uplink transmission without downlink transmission.
  • the mobile phone may not be able to solve the problem of poor link quality after the above-mentioned self-healing process using the self-healing mechanism, and because the mobile phone cannot search the network for a period of time, the mobile phone has no signal for a period of time, and the user is very likely Will miss the call and affect the user experience.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a network switching method, which can enable terminal equipment that accesses a 5G system to switch to other non-5G systems in time when the link quality of the data link is poor, so as to ensure the availability of data services. Continuity, improve terminal performance and user experience.
  • the network handover method of the embodiments of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: long term evolution (LTE) system, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication system, the fifth in the future Generation (5th Generation, 5G) systems, such as new-generation radio access technology (NR), and future communication systems, such as 6G systems.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • 5G fifth in the future Generation
  • NR new-generation radio access technology
  • 6G systems future communication systems, such as 6G systems.
  • the word "exemplary” is used to mean serving as an example, illustration, or illustration. Any embodiment or design solution described as an "example” in this application should not be construed as being more preferable or advantageous than other embodiments or design solutions. To be precise, the term example is used to present the concept in a concrete way.
  • the embodiments of this application can be applied to both traditional typical networks and future UE-centric networks.
  • the UE-centric network introduces a non-cell network architecture, that is, a large number of small stations are deployed in a specific area to form a hyper cell, and each small station is a transmission point of the Hyper cell ( Transmission Point, TP) or TRP, and is connected to a centralized controller (controller).
  • TP Transmission Point
  • TRP Transmission Point
  • the network-side device When the UE moves in the Hypercell, the network-side device always selects a new sub-cluster for the UE to serve it, thereby avoiding real cell switching and realizing the continuity of UE services.
  • the network side device includes a wireless network device.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 2 is taken as an example to describe in detail the communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 2 is taken as an example to describe in detail the communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system suitable for the communication method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system includes a network device 200 and a terminal device 100.
  • the network device 200 may be configured with multiple antennas, and the terminal device may also be configured with multiple antennas.
  • the communication system may further include a network device 300, and the network device 300 may also be configured with multiple antennas.
  • the network device 200 or the network device 300 may also include multiple components related to signal transmission and signal reception (for example, a processor, a modulator, a multiplexer, a demodulator, or a demultiplexer, etc.).
  • multiple components related to signal transmission and signal reception for example, a processor, a modulator, a multiplexer, a demodulator, or a demultiplexer, etc.
  • the network device is a device with a wireless transceiver function or a chip that can be installed in the device.
  • the device includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (eNB), radio network controller (RNC) , Node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband Unit (baseband unit, BBU), access point (AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP) in the wireless fidelity (WIFI) system transmission point, TP), etc.
  • eNB evolved Node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • Node B Node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • base transceiver station base transceiver station
  • BTS home base station
  • base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB
  • baseband Unit baseband unit, B
  • the gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU.
  • the gNB may also include a radio unit (RU).
  • CU implements some functions of gNB
  • DU implements some functions of gNB.
  • CU implements radio resource control (RRC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer functions
  • RRC radio resource control
  • PDCP packet data convergence protocol
  • DU implements wireless link.
  • RLC radio link control
  • media access control media access control
  • MAC physical (physical, PHY) layer functions. Since the information of the RRC layer will eventually become the information of the PHY layer, or be transformed from the information of the PHY layer, under this architecture, high-level signaling, such as RRC layer signaling or PHCP layer signaling, can also be used.
  • the network device may be a CU node, or a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node.
  • the CU can be divided into network equipment in the access network RAN, or the CU can be divided into network equipment in the core network CN, which is not limited here.
  • Terminal equipment can also be called user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user Agent or user device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a smart printer, a train detector, a gas station detector, a computer with wireless transceiver function, and virtual reality (VR) Terminal equipment, augmented reality (AR) terminal equipment, industrial control (industrial control) wireless terminal, unmanned driving (self-driving) wireless terminal, remote medical (remote medical) wireless terminal, smart grid
  • the embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios.
  • the aforementioned terminal equipment and the chips that can be installed in the aforementioned terminal equipment are collectively referred to as terminal equipment.
  • Both the network device 200 and the network device 300 can communicate with multiple terminal devices (for example, the terminal device 100 shown in FIG. 2).
  • the network device 200 and the network device 300 can communicate with any number of terminal devices similar to the terminal device 100.
  • the terminal device communicating with the network device 200 and the terminal device communicating with the network device 300 may be the same or different.
  • the terminal device 100 shown in FIG. 2 can communicate with the network device 200 and the network device 300 at the same time, but this only shows one possible scenario. In some scenarios, the terminal device may only communicate with the network device 200 or the network device. 300 communications, this application does not limit this.
  • FIG. 2 is only a simplified schematic diagram of an example for ease of understanding, and the communication system may also include other network devices or other terminal devices, which are not shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of the mobile phone 300.
  • the mobile phone 300 may include a processor 310, an external memory interface 320, an internal memory 321, a USB interface 330, a charging management module 340, a power management module 341, a battery 342, antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module 351, wireless communication module 352, Audio module 370, speaker 370A, receiver 370B, microphone 370C, earphone interface 370D, sensor module 380, buttons 390, motor 391, indicator 392, camera 393, display screen 394, SIM card interface 395 and so on.
  • the sensor module 380 may include a gyroscope sensor, an acceleration sensor, a proximity light sensor, a fingerprint sensor, and a touch sensor.
  • the mobile phone 300 may also include other sensors, such as temperature sensors, pressure sensors, distance sensors, magnetic sensors, ambient light sensors, and air pressure sensors. , Bone conduction sensors, etc., not shown in the figure.
  • the structure illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention does not constitute a specific limitation on the mobile phone 300.
  • the mobile phone 300 may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the processor 310 may include one or more processing units.
  • the processor 310 may include an application processor (AP), a modem processor, a graphics processing unit (GPU), and an image signal processor. (image signal processor, ISP), controller, memory, video codec, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural network processor (Neural-network Processing Unit, NPU) Wait.
  • the different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the controller may be the nerve center and command center of the mobile phone 300. The controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
  • a memory may also be provided in the processor 310 to store instructions and data.
  • the memory in the processor 310 is a cache memory.
  • the memory can store instructions or data that have just been used or recycled by the processor 310. If the processor 310 needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be directly called from the memory. Repeated accesses are avoided, the waiting time of the processor 310 is reduced, and the efficiency of the system is improved.
  • the processor 310 may run the network switching method provided in the embodiments of the present application, so as to simplify the user's control operation of the smart home device and improve the user's experience.
  • the processor 310 may include different devices, such as integrated CPU and GPU, the CPU and GPU can cooperate to execute the network switching method provided in the embodiments of the present application. For example, in the network switching method, part of the algorithm is executed by the CPU, and the other part of the algorithm is executed by the GPU. , In order to get faster processing efficiency.
  • the display screen 394 is used to display images, videos, and the like.
  • the display screen 394 includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can use liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), active matrix organic light-emitting diode or active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • active-matrix organic light-emitting diode active-matrix organic light-emitting diode
  • AMOLED flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc.
  • the mobile phone 300 may include one or N display screens 394, and N is a positive integer greater than one.
  • the display screen 394 may be an integrated flexible display screen, or a spliced display screen composed of two rigid screens and a flexible screen located between the two rigid screens.
  • the processor 310 runs the network switching method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 310 can control the window sizes of different interfaces of the same application on the display screen 394.
  • the camera 393 (a front camera or a rear camera, or a camera can be used as a front camera or a rear camera) is used to capture still images or videos.
  • the camera 393 may include photosensitive elements such as a lens group and an image sensor, where the lens group includes a plurality of lenses (convex lens or concave lens) for collecting light signals reflected by the object to be photographed, and transmitting the collected light signals to the image sensor .
  • the image sensor generates an original image of the object to be photographed according to the light signal.
  • the internal memory 321 may be used to store computer executable program code, where the executable program code includes instructions.
  • the processor 310 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile phone 300 by running instructions stored in the internal memory 321.
  • the internal memory 321 may include a storage program area and a storage data area.
  • the storage program area can store operating system, application program (such as camera application, WeChat application, etc.) codes and so on.
  • the storage data area can store data created during the use of the mobile phone 300 (for example, images and videos collected by a camera application) and the like.
  • the internal memory 321 may also store the code of the display area adjustment algorithm provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 310 may control the display position of the message in the notification bar on the display screen 394.
  • the internal memory 321 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), and the like.
  • a non-volatile memory such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), and the like.
  • the code of the display area adjustment algorithm provided in the embodiment of the present application can also be stored in an external memory.
  • the processor 310 can run the display area adjustment algorithm code stored in the external memory through the external memory interface 320, and the processor 310 can control the window sizes of different interfaces of the same application on the display screen 394.
  • the wireless communication function of the mobile phone 300 can be realized by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 351, the wireless communication module 352, the modem processor, and the baseband processor.
  • the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in the mobile phone 300 can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization.
  • Antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network.
  • the antenna can be used in combination with a tuning switch.
  • the mobile communication module 351 can provide a wireless communication solution including 2G/3G/4G/5G and the like applied to the mobile phone 300.
  • the mobile communication module 351 may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a low noise amplifier (LNA), and the like.
  • the mobile communication module 351 can receive electromagnetic waves by the antenna 1, and perform processing such as filtering and amplifying the received electromagnetic waves, and transmitting them to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module 351 can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert it into electromagnetic wave radiation via the antenna 1.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 351 may be provided in the processor 310.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 351 and at least part of the modules of the processor 310 may be provided in the same device.
  • the modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium and high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. Then the demodulator transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing. After the low-frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor, it is passed to the application processor.
  • the application processor outputs sound signals through audio equipment (not limited to the speaker 370A, the receiver 370B, etc.), or displays images or video through the display screen 394.
  • the modem processor may be an independent device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor 310 and be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 351 or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module 352 can provide applications on the mobile phone 300 including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (BT), and global navigation satellite systems. (global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (frequency modulation, FM), near field communication technology (near field communication, NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication solutions.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • BT wireless fidelity
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • frequency modulation frequency modulation, FM
  • NFC near field communication technology
  • infrared technology infrared, IR
  • the wireless communication module 352 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module 352 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor 310.
  • the wireless communication module 352 can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor 310, perform frequency modulation, amplify it, and convert it into
  • the mobile phone 300 can implement audio functions through the audio module 370, the speaker 370A, the receiver 370B, the microphone 370C, the earphone interface 370D, and the application processor. For example, music playback, recording, etc.
  • the mobile phone 300 can receive the key 390 input, and generate key signal input related to the user settings and function control of the mobile phone 300.
  • the mobile phone 300 can use the motor 391 to generate a vibration notification (for example, an incoming call vibration notification).
  • the indicator 392 in the mobile phone 300 can be an indicator light, which can be used to indicate the charging status, power change, and can also be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.
  • the SIM card interface 395 in the mobile phone 300 is used to connect to the SIM card.
  • the SIM card can be connected to and separated from the mobile phone 300 by inserting into the SIM card interface 395 or pulling out from the SIM card interface 395.
  • the mobile phone 300 may include more or less components than those shown in FIG. 3, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • this application provides a network switching method, which can be applied to various terminal devices, such as mobile phones and laptops. Computers, tablets, etc.
  • the method includes: when the link quality parameter of the data link of the terminal device meets the set condition, it is determined that the 5G system currently accessed by the terminal device is unavailable, and the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system. In this way, the continuity of the data service of the terminal device can be guaranteed, so as to avoid problems such as stalling or slow response of the terminal device, and improve the user experience.
  • the cell phone in scenarios where the cell phone's current serving cell is not covered by the 5G network, or the 5G network has a network failure, the cell phone cannot use the 5G network for data services, and the cell phone may freeze, respond slowly or fail to respond. .
  • the network signal icon in the status bar of the mobile phone in this scenario currently has only uplink transmission but no downlink transmission.
  • the mobile phone can obtain the link quality parameters in the current scenario in real time, such as the packet loss rate, the buffering delay of uplink data packets, the number of uplink data packets received within the set time period, and The number of downlink data packets, and determine whether the link quality parameters meet the set conditions, if so, the terminal equipment will switch from the 5G system to the LTE system to ensure the continuity of data services.
  • the network signal icon in the status bar of the mobile phone displays the switch to the 4G network, as shown in Figure 4(b).
  • the link quality parameters are the number of downlink data packets and the number of uplink data packets.
  • the first set condition is: within the set time period, the number of downlink data packets received by the terminal device exceeds the first threshold, and the uplink data sent The number of packages is zero.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: when the number of uplink data packets and the number of downlink data packets meet the first set condition, it is determined that the 5G system currently accessed by the terminal device is not available, and the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system .
  • the link quality parameters are the number of downlink data packets and the number of uplink data packets.
  • the second set condition is: within the set time period, the number of uplink data packets sent by the terminal device exceeds the second threshold, and the received downlink data packets The quantity is zero.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: when the number of uplink data packets and the number of downlink data packets meet the second set condition, it is determined that the 5G system currently accessed by the terminal device is not available, and the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system .
  • the above scenario 1 and scenario 2 refer to the terminal device monitoring that the network card interface is in a single pass state, that is, there are uplink data packets but no downlink data packets, or there are downlink data packets and no uplink data. Therefore, the terminal device determines that the currently connected 5G system is unavailable, so a network switch occurs.
  • the link quality parameter is the number of downlink data packets and the number of uplink data packets.
  • the third setting condition is: within the set time period, the downlink data packet received by the terminal device is not zero, and the number of downlink data packets received by the terminal device is not zero, and the downlink data packet is sent within the set time period.
  • the ratio between the number of uplink data packets and the number of received downlink data packets is greater than the first set ratio.
  • the first set threshold is 3:1
  • the ratio between the number of uplink data packets sent by the terminal device and the number of downlink data packets received within the set time period is 10:1.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: when the number of uplink data packets and the number of downlink data packets meet the third set condition, it is determined that the 5G system currently accessed by the terminal device is not available, and the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system .
  • the link quality parameters are the number of downlink data packets and the number of uplink data packets.
  • the fourth setting condition is: within the set time period, the uplink data packet sent by the terminal device is not zero, and the number of uplink data packets sent within the set time period
  • the ratio between the number of uplink data packets and the number of received downlink data packets is less than the second set ratio.
  • the second set ratio is 1:1, and the ratio between the number of uplink data packets sent by the terminal device and the number of downlink data packets received within the set time period is 1:10.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: when the number of uplink data packets and the number of downlink data packets meet the fourth set condition, it is determined that the 5G system currently accessed by the terminal device is not available, and the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system .
  • the above situation 3 and situation 4 refer to the terminal equipment monitoring that although the network card interface is not in a single pass state, the number of downlink data packets is much greater than the number of uplink data packets, or the number of uplink data packets The number of data packets is far greater than the number of downlink data packets.
  • it indicates that the 5G system has experienced a network failure and the terminal device has been unable to send and receive data normally. Therefore, it is determined that the 5G system currently connected to the terminal device is unavailable, and the terminal device is unavailable.
  • the 5G system autonomously switches to a non-5G system.
  • the link quality parameter is the buffering delay of the uplink data packet
  • the fifth setting condition is: the buffering delay of the uplink data packet of the terminal device exceeds the setting time within the set time period.
  • the foregoing network switching method can be understood as: when the buffering delay of the uplink data packet meets the fifth set condition, it is determined that the 5G system currently accessed by the terminal device is unavailable, and the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • the link quality parameter is the packet loss rate
  • the sixth setting condition is: within the set time period, the packet loss rate of the terminal device is greater than the third threshold.
  • the foregoing network switching method can be understood as: when the packet loss rate meets the sixth set condition, it is determined that the 5G system currently accessed by the terminal device is not available, and the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • the mobile phone determines that the currently connected 5G system is unavailable and performs the network Switch.
  • one possible implementation is: when the link quality parameter of the terminal device meets any one of the above setting conditions, the terminal device undergoes network switching, and the other A possible implementation manner is: when the link quality parameter of the terminal device meets the above-mentioned at least two set conditions, the terminal device will switch to the network. For example, if the packet loss rate of the terminal device is greater than the third threshold, and the buffering delay of the uplink data packet of the terminal device exceeds the set time period, it is determined that the 5G system is unavailable and the network is switched.
  • the terminal device when the terminal device determines that the link quality parameter satisfies at least one of the above-mentioned setting conditions, the terminal device may further determine whether the terminal device satisfies at least one of the following scenarios 1.1 to 1.5 If the situation is met, the terminal device will switch to the network.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: on the premise that the link quality parameter of the terminal device satisfies at least one of the above six setting conditions, because there is no historical domain name in the buffer of the terminal device Therefore, the terminal device actively sends a test data packet (such as a ping data packet) to the designated public network server. If the detection result of the test data packet indicates that the data link is disconnected, it is determined that the 5G system is indeed unavailable, so the terminal device performs the network Switch.
  • a test data packet such as a ping data packet
  • the Domain Name System is a service of the Internet. As a distributed database that maps domain names and IP addresses to each other, it can make it easier for people to access the Internet.
  • the buffer of the terminal device After the user uses the terminal device to access the network, the buffer of the terminal device will store the historical domain name information that has been accessed. If the terminal device is a new factory device or has been restored to factory settings, it is likely that there is no historical domain name information in the buffer. Therefore, this is a test data packet that the terminal device can choose to send to a designated public network server, such as sending a ping Data packets to enable detection of the network.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: on the premise that the link quality parameter of the terminal device satisfies at least one of the above six setting conditions, because the buffer of the terminal device stores the historical domain name, When the terminal device resolves the historical domain name (the historical domain name can choose the one closest to the current time), if the resolution fails, it means that the terminal device is currently unable to access the network, because it is uncertain whether the historical domain name corresponds to a private network (such as Railway system private network, public security system private network, flood control private network, military private network, etc.). If the corresponding private network is a private network, the analysis failure only means that the terminal device cannot currently access the private network. Therefore, the terminal device also sends a test data packet to the designated public network server. If the detection result indicates that the network is connected, the 5G system is available; if the detection result indicates that the data link is disconnected, the 5G system is indeed unavailable.
  • a private network such as Railway system private network, public security system private network, flood control private network, military private network,
  • Scenario 1.3 When the terminal device’s buffer stores historical domain names, the resolution result of the terminal device’s analysis of the historical domain names is successful, but the detection result of the test data packet sent by the terminal device to the designated public network server indicates that the data link is unavailable. Connected.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: on the premise that the link quality parameter of the terminal device satisfies at least one of the above six setting conditions, because the buffer of the terminal device stores the historical domain name,
  • the terminal device resolves the historical domain name, if the resolution is successful, it means that the terminal device can access the network. Since it is uncertain whether the historical domain name corresponds to a private network, if it corresponds to a private network, the successful resolution only indicates that the terminal device can currently access the private network. Therefore, the terminal device also sends a test data packet to the designated public network server. If the detection result indicates that the network is connected, the 5G system is available; if the detection result indicates that the data link is disconnected, the 5G system is indeed unavailable.
  • the above network handover method can be understood as: on the premise that the link quality parameter of the terminal device satisfies at least one of the above six set conditions, the terminal device actively performs cell handover, and after the handover, The link quality parameters of the data link re-acquired by the terminal device still do not meet the set conditions, which indicates that the 5G system is indeed in an unavailable state.
  • Case 1.5 After the terminal device uses at least one level of reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism to recover the network, the link quality parameter of the data link of the terminal device still does not meet the set conditions.
  • the above network switching method can be understood as: on the premise that the link quality parameter of the terminal device meets at least one of the above six setting conditions, the terminal device uses query routing, reconfiguration routing, and reconfiguration After the network is restored by at least one level of reconstruction strategy in the registration and switching flight modes, the terminal device re-acquires the link quality parameters of the data link. If the re-acquired link quality parameters of the data link still do not meet the set conditions, It shows that the 5G system is indeed in an unavailable state.
  • a possible implementation is: as shown in FIG. 5A, on the premise that the link quality parameter of the terminal device satisfies at least one of the above six setting conditions, the terminal device level by level Start query routing, reconfiguration routing, re-registration, and switch flight mode to restore the network. If the link quality parameters of the data link still do not meet the set conditions, it means that the currently connected 5G system is indeed unavailable, and the terminal The equipment can be switched from 5G to any non-5G system such as 2G/3G/4G.
  • the network signal icon in the status bar indicates that there is currently only uplink transmission and no downlink transmission, as shown in (a) in FIG. 5B.
  • the transmission state does not change for a period of time (for example, 20 seconds)
  • the mobile phone judges that the set conditions are met, and therefore initiates route query, route reconfiguration, re-registration, and switch flight mode to restore the network.
  • the network signal icon of the mobile phone may be as shown in (b) in FIG. 5B, and the network signal icon is used to indicate that there is no current uplink and downlink transmission.
  • the status bar of the mobile phone may be as shown in (c) in Figure 5B, that is, all four-level signal grids disappear.
  • the mobile phone may not be able to search the network at all, and the status bar is as shown in (d) in Figure 5B.
  • the mobile phone switched to the 4G system The network state after the mobile phone is switched to the 4G system may still be as shown in (e) in FIG. 5B, that is, the data service transmission returns to normal.
  • FIG. 5C another possible implementation is: as shown in Figure 5C, on the premise that the link quality parameter of the terminal device satisfies at least one of the above six setting conditions, the terminal device only activates the self-healing mechanism
  • the first-level reconstruction strategy ie query routing
  • the terminal device can start the first-level reconstruction strategy and the second-level reconstruction strategy (that is, query routing and reconfiguration routing) in the self-healing mechanism step by step to restore the network.
  • the terminal device switches from the 5G system to 2G/3G/4G.
  • the terminal device can start the first-level reconstruction strategy, the second-level reconstruction strategy, and the third-level reconstruction strategy (that is, query routing, reconfiguration routing, and re-registration) in the self-healing mechanism step by step to restore the network.
  • the terminal device switches from the 5G system to any non-5G system such as 2G/3G/4G.
  • the terminal device may perform network handover under the above-mentioned at least two situations.
  • the terminal device also meets the situation 1.1 and situation 1.4. At this time, the terminal device determines that the current 5G system is unavailable and performs the network Switch.
  • the terminal device after the data service of the terminal device is activated, the terminal device will immediately start the periodic timer. When the timer reaches the set duration, the terminal device obtains the link quality parameters of the data link during this period, and Determine whether the network card interface of the terminal device is in a single pass state according to the link quality parameter. If it is determined whether the network card interface of the terminal device is in the single-pass state, it is further verified by sending a test data packet. If the detection result of the test data packet still indicates that the data link is not connected, the 5G system is determined to be unavailable, and the terminal device starts to use the self The reconstruction strategy in the healing mechanism performs self-healing. If the self-healing still fails, the terminal device performs network switching. Exemplarily, as shown in FIG. 6, the specific implementation process of the first implementation method includes the following steps.
  • Step 601 After the data service of the terminal device is activated, a timer is started, for example, the set duration of the timer is 10 seconds.
  • Step 602 When the timer reaches a set time period (for example, 10 seconds), the terminal device obtains the number of downlink data packets received and the number of uplink data packets sent within the set time period.
  • a set time period for example, 10 seconds
  • Step 603 The terminal device determines whether the link quality parameter of the data link meets the following conditions within the set time period: the number of received downlink data packets exceeds the first threshold, and the number of transmitted uplink data packets is zero; if so , It means that the network card interface of the terminal device has downlink data packets but no uplink data packets, so continue to perform step 605, otherwise, perform step 604.
  • Step 604 The terminal device continues to determine whether the link quality parameters of the data link meet the following conditions within the set time period: the number of uplink data packets sent by the terminal device exceeds the second threshold, and the received downlink data packets are zero; if yes , It means that the network card interface of the terminal device has uplink data packets but no downlink data packets, so continue to perform step 605, otherwise, return to perform step 601.
  • Step 605 Whether the detection result of the test data packet (such as the ping data packet) sent by the terminal device to the designated public network server indicates that the data link is disconnected, if yes, it means that the current 5G system is unavailable, so continue to perform step 606, otherwise , Return to step 601.
  • the detection result of the test data packet such as the ping data packet
  • Step 606 The terminal device determines whether the last-level reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism has been used (for example, the last-level reconstruction strategy is set to switch flight mode by default) to restore the network, if not, step 607 is executed, otherwise, step 608 is executed .
  • the last-level reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism for example, the last-level reconstruction strategy is set to switch flight mode by default
  • step 607 the terminal device executes the next-level reconstruction strategy, and returns to execute step 601.
  • the terminal device sequentially executes the four-level reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism in order, and then the terminal device re-acquires the link quality parameter of the data link, and again determines whether the link quality parameter meets the set condition.
  • step 608 the terminal device determines whether the current data link has been restored to an available state, if not, step 609 is executed, otherwise, step 610 is executed.
  • the link quality parameter of the data link of the terminal device does not meet the set conditions, and data can be sent and received normally, it means that the data link is restored to an available state; otherwise, it is still unavailable.
  • step 609 the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • step 610 the terminal device continues to use the 5G system for data transmission.
  • step 603 and step 604 can be reversed, that is, step 604 can be performed first, and then step 603 can be performed.
  • the last level of reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism can also be set to query routing, that is, the terminal device determines whether the query routing has been used to restore the network, and if not, it uses query routing.
  • the route restores the network. If the query route has been used to restore the network, it is determined whether the current data link has been restored to an available state, and if it is still unavailable, the 5G system is switched to a non-5G system.
  • the method can enable the terminal equipment to trigger network switching in time when the quality of the data link is poor, improve terminal performance, and also ensure the continuity of data services.
  • the terminal device first determines whether it can only send data packets or can only receive data packets, that is, determine whether the network card interface of the terminal device is in a single-pass state, if it is, further probe the network, if the detection result still indicates the data link If the path is not connected, it means that the data link of the current 5G system is unavailable. Therefore, the terminal device uses a self-healing mechanism to recover. If it still cannot be recovered, it will switch from the 5G system to the non-5G system. It can be seen that this method can ensure the continuity of data services and improve user experience.
  • the terminal device after the data service of the terminal device is activated, the terminal device will immediately start the periodic timer. When the timer reaches the set duration, the terminal device obtains the link quality parameters of the data link during this period, and Determine whether the network card interface of the terminal device is in a single pass state according to the link quality parameter. If it is determined whether the network card interface of the terminal device is in a single-pass state, it is further verified by sending a test data packet. Considering that it is uncertain whether the terminal device is currently connected to the public network or the private network, if the terminal device is currently connected to the private network, if the test data packet is sent directly to the designated public network server, the test result cannot indicate whether the private network is connected or not. .
  • the terminal device first determines whether there is a historical domain name before sending a test data packet to the public network server, and if it does not exist, then sends the test data packet to the designated public network server; Resolve historical domain names.
  • the specific implementation process of the second implementation method includes the following steps.
  • step 701 the terminal device starts a timer, for example, the set duration of the timer is 10 seconds.
  • Step 702 When the timer reaches a set time period (for example, 10 seconds), the terminal device obtains the number of downlink data packets received and the number of uplink data packets sent within the set time period.
  • a set time period for example, 10 seconds
  • Step 703 The terminal device determines whether the link quality parameter of the data link meets the following conditions within the set time: the number of received downlink data packets exceeds the first threshold, and the number of sent uplink data packets is zero; if yes , Go to step 705, otherwise, go to step 704.
  • Step 704 The terminal device continues to determine whether the link quality parameter of the data link meets the following conditions within the set time period: the number of uplink data packets sent by the terminal device exceeds the second threshold, and the received downlink data packet is zero; if yes , Go to step 705, otherwise, go back to step 701.
  • step 705 the terminal device first judges whether there is a historical domain name in the buffer, and if it exists, it executes step 706; otherwise, it executes step 707.
  • Step 706 When the historical domain name is stored in the buffer of the terminal device, the terminal device analyzes the historical domain name (for example, the historical domain name closest to the current moment), and judges whether the resolution is successful, if not, execute step 708, otherwise execute Step 707.
  • the historical domain name for example, the historical domain name closest to the current moment
  • step 707 whether the detection result of the test data packet (for example, the ping data packet) sent by the terminal device to the designated public network server indicates that the data link is disconnected, if yes, execute step 708; otherwise, return to execute step 701.
  • the detection result of the test data packet for example, the ping data packet
  • step 708 the terminal device determines whether the last-level reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism has been used (for example, the last-level reconstruction strategy is set to switch flight mode by default) to restore the network, if not, step 709 is executed, otherwise, step 710 is executed .
  • step 709 the terminal device executes the next-level reconstruction strategy, and returns to execute step 701.
  • step 710 the terminal device determines whether the current data link has been restored to an available state, if not, step 711 is executed, otherwise, step 712 is executed.
  • step 711 the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • step 712 the terminal device continues to use the 5G system for data transmission.
  • step 703 and step 704 can be reversed, that is, step 704 is performed first, and then step 703 is performed.
  • the last-level reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism can be set to query routing, that is, the terminal device determines whether the query routing has been used to restore the network, and if not, the query routing is used The network is restored. If the query route has been used to restore the network, it is determined whether the current data link has been restored to an available state, and if it is still unavailable, the 5G system is switched to a non-5G system.
  • the method can enable the terminal equipment to trigger network switching in time when the quality of the data link is poor, improve terminal performance, and also ensure the continuity of data services.
  • the terminal device first determines whether it can only send data packets or can only receive data packets. If so, it further detects the network.
  • the detection method is divided into two steps. The first step is to parse the historical domain name. Analysis failure indicates that the data link between the terminal device and the connected server is disconnected. The second part is to send a detection data packet to the public network server. If the detection result still indicates that the data is disconnected, it indicates the current 5G system data link The path is unavailable, so it is further restored through the self-healing mechanism. If the recovery is still not possible, switch from the 5G system to the 4G system. It can be seen that this method can ensure the continuity of data services and improve user experience.
  • the terminal device after the data service of the terminal device is activated, the terminal device will immediately start the periodic timer. When the timer reaches the set duration, the terminal device obtains the link quality parameters of the data link during this period, and Judge the buffering delay of uplink data packets according to link quality parameters. If the buffering delay of uplink data packets exceeds the set time, a network failure is likely to occur. For example, when the mobile phone obtains the buffering of the uplink data packets of the currently running video application If the delay exceeds 10 seconds, the terminal device determines that the current network is faulty.
  • the network card interface is probably not in a single-pass state, that is to say, there are both uplink data packets and downlink data packets, but the number of uplink data packets is much larger than the downlink data packets, so it shows that the data link is at this time The road is connected, but the data packet transmission is abnormal.
  • the embodiment of the present application further uses the reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism to perform self-healing. If the self-healing still fails, the terminal device performs network switching.
  • the specific implementation process of the first implementation method includes the following steps.
  • step 801 the terminal device starts a timer, for example, the set duration of the timer is 10 seconds.
  • Step 802 When the timer reaches a set duration (for example, 10 seconds), the terminal device obtains the buffering delay of the uplink data packet within the set duration.
  • a set duration for example, 10 seconds
  • step 803 the terminal device judges whether the link quality parameter of the data link meets the following condition within the set time period: the buffering delay of the uplink data packet of the terminal device exceeds the set time period. If yes, go to step 804, otherwise go back to step 801.
  • step 804 the terminal device judges whether the network has been restored using the last-level reconstruction strategy in the self-healing mechanism, if not, step 805 is executed, otherwise, step 806 is executed.
  • step 805 the terminal device executes the next-level reconstruction strategy, and returns to execute step 801.
  • Step 806 The terminal device performs cell handover.
  • step 807 the terminal device determines whether the current data link has been restored to an available state, if not, step 808 is executed, otherwise, step 809 is executed.
  • step 808 the terminal device is switched from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • step 809 the terminal device continues to use the 5G system for data transmission.
  • step 803 and step 806 can be reversed, that is, step 806 is performed first, and then step 804 is performed.
  • the terminal device first judges whether the buffering delay of the uplink data packet is greater than the set duration, if so, it further restores the network by means of self-healing mechanism and cell handover, if it cannot be restored, it indicates the data of the current 5G system The link is unavailable, so it is switched from a 5G system to a non-5G system such as 2G/3G/4G. It can be seen that this method can ensure the continuity of data services and improve user experience.
  • the following specifically describes the network switching method for switching from the 5G system to the non-5G system in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • Handover method 1 If the 5G system is a non-standalone network (non-standalone, NSA), and the terminal device is currently connected to a heterogeneous communication system composed of an NR system and an LTE system (ie, an EN-DC system).
  • the terminal device switches to the LTE network by initiating SCG fail (secondary cell group fail), that is, the terminal device sends capability information to the network device.
  • SCG fail secondary cell group fail
  • the capability information Indicates that the terminal device currently does not support the 5G system.
  • Another possible situation is that when the terminal device is in the idle state, it is suppressed to report the measurement result of the NR system, and the random access function of the NR system is not activated, so that the terminal device can access the non-5G system through autonomous network search .
  • Handover method 2 If the 5G system is NSA, and the terminal device is currently connected to a heterogeneous communication system composed of NR and non-LTE systems, for example, NR system and E-UTRA (UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access in LTE) Access (UTRA) is called E-UTRA) in the dual connection mode composed of the system.
  • NR system and E-UTRA UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access in LTE
  • UTRA UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access in LTE
  • E-UTRA E-UTRA
  • a possible situation when the terminal device is in the connected state, reduce the measurement value of the 5G serving cell measurement report in the type A handover event and the type B handover event (for example, A1-A5 and B1/B2), so that the terminal device can pass Access to non-5G systems through autonomous network search.
  • the type A handover event and the type B handover event for example, A1-A5 and B1/B2
  • Another possible situation is that when the terminal device is in an idle state, the network selection priority of the NR system is reduced, and the measurement of the Type B handover event reported by the 5G serving cell measurement report within a period of time is suppressed.
  • the terminal device can switch to a non-5G system by initiating SCG fail, for example, switch to an LTE system.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides the method flow shown in FIG. 9, and the terminal device can use the method shown in FIG. 7 to switch from the 5G system to the non-5G system.
  • Step 901 The terminal device judges whether the current 5G system is NSA. If yes, go to step 902, otherwise, go to step XXX
  • step 902 the terminal device judges whether the current NSA system is an EN-DC system, and if so, execute step 903a. Otherwise, go to step 903b.
  • step 903a the terminal device determines whether it is currently in a connected state, if so, execute step 904a, otherwise, execute step 905a.
  • step 904a if it is in the connected state, the terminal device switches to the non-5G system by initiating SCG fail.
  • the SCG fail is initiated to switch to the LTE system; if the current Option 7 communication system is, the report of the measurement result of the NR system is directly suppressed.
  • step 905a if it is not in the connected state (that is, in the idle state), the report of the measurement result of the NR system is suppressed, and the random access function of the NR system is not activated, so that the terminal device can access all the terminals through autonomous network search. Said non-5G system.
  • the reporting of the NR system measurement result is suppressed and the random access function of the NR system is not activated; if the current Option 7 communication system is, the NR system measurement result is directly suppressed Escalation.
  • step 903b the terminal device determines whether it is currently in a connected state, if so, execute step 904b, otherwise, execute step 905b.
  • Step 904b when the terminal device is in the connected state, reduce the measurement value of the 5G serving cell measurement report in the Type A handover event and the Type B handover event (for example, A1-A5 and B1/B2), so that the terminal device can pass the autonomous Access to non-5G systems by searching the network.
  • the measurement value of the 5G serving cell measurement report in the Type A handover event and the Type B handover event for example, A1-A5 and B1/B2
  • Step 905b When the terminal device is in an idle state, the network selection priority of the NR system is lowered, and the measurement of the Type B handover event reported by the 5G serving cell measurement report within a period of time is suppressed.
  • Step 906 When the NR system is an independent networking SA, initiate a SCG fail switch to a non-5G system.
  • Fig. 10 it exemplarily shows the specific process of the terminal device falling back from the 5G system to the LTE system in the scenario of accessing the EN-DC system.
  • Step 1001 The terminal device determines that the 5G system is unavailable by using the above-mentioned method.
  • Step 1002a If the current EN-DC system is in the dual link activation state, the terminal device actively initiates the second cell group and fails (SCG fail).
  • Step 1003a The network device releases the second cell group.
  • Step 1004a the network device initiates RRC reconfiguration.
  • Step 1007 The terminal device switches from the 5G system to the LTE system.
  • step 1002b if the current EN-DC system is in an about to be activated state, that is, in an intermediate state, and LTE uses NPDCP (5G PDCP entity), the terminal device initiates a deregistration request.
  • NPDCP 5G PDCP entity
  • Step 1003b the network device sends a deregistration response message.
  • Step 1004b the terminal device initiates a new registration request again, and the new registration request does not carry 5G capabilities.
  • Step 1005b the network device re-registers.
  • Step 1006b The network device sends a registration response message to the terminal device.
  • Step 1007 The terminal device switches from the 5G system to the LTE system.
  • FIG. 11 it exemplarily shows the specific process of the terminal equipment falling back from the 5G system to the LTE system in the SA scenario when accessing the 5G system.
  • Step 1101 The terminal device uses the above method to determine that the 5G system is unavailable.
  • Step 1102 The terminal device reports the A2 measurement report of the current serving cell, and the A2 measurement report indicates that the signal quality of the serving cell is poor.
  • Step 1103 the network device configures inter-frequency measurement timing (GAP) and inter-frequency and inter-system measurement events (B1/B2).
  • GAP inter-frequency measurement timing
  • B1/B2 inter-frequency and inter-system measurement events
  • Step 1104 The terminal device reports a B1/B2 measurement report, which is used to indicate that the signal quality of the neighboring cell is good.
  • Step 1105 The network device initiates RRC reconfiguration, and the RRC configuration terminal device is redirected to a non-5G system such as 2G/3G/4G.
  • Step 1106 The terminal searches the network and redirects non-5G systems such as 2G/3G/4G.
  • the terminal device determines that the quality of the data link is poor, it will fall back to a low-standard network to ensure that the user normally surfs the Internet and achieve the goal of data service continuity.
  • the embodiments of the present application disclose a terminal device.
  • the terminal device may include a touch screen 1201, where the touch screen 1201 includes a touch panel 1207 and a display screen 1208
  • One or more processors 1202; memory 1203; one or more application programs (not shown); and one or more computer programs 1204, sensors 1205, and the aforementioned devices may be connected via one or more communication buses 1206.
  • the one or more computer programs 1204 are stored in the aforementioned memory 1203 and are configured to be executed by the one or more processors 1202, and the one or more computer programs 1204 include instructions, and the aforementioned instructions can be used for execution as shown in FIG. Steps from 6 to 11 in the corresponding embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium on which some instructions are stored. When these instructions are invoked and executed by a computer, the computer can complete the above method embodiments and method implementations. Examples of methods involved in any one of the possible designs.
  • the computer-readable storage medium is not limited. For example, it may be RAM (random-access memory, random access memory), ROM (read-only memory, read-only memory), and so on.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product that can complete the method embodiment and the method involved in any possible design of the above method embodiment when the computer program product is invoked and executed by a computer.
  • the present application also provides a chip, which is coupled with a transceiver, and is used to complete the foregoing method embodiment and the method involved in any one of the possible implementation manners of the method embodiment, wherein "Coupling” means that two components are directly or indirectly combined with each other. This combination can be fixed or movable. This combination can allow fluid, electrical, electrical signals or other types of signals to be connected between the two components. Communicate between.
  • the terminal devices, computer storage media, computer program products, or chips provided in the embodiments of the present application are all used to execute the corresponding methods provided above. Therefore, the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the corresponding methods provided above. The beneficial effects of the method are not repeated here.
  • the disclosed device and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • there may be other division methods for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another device, or some features can be discarded or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and the parts displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the software product is stored in a storage medium. It includes several instructions to make a device (may be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

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Abstract

一种网络切换方法及终端设备，该方法能够使接入5G系统的终端设备在数据链路质量差时及时切换至其它非5G系统，以保证数据业务的连续性，提升终端性能和用户使用体验。该方法包括：终端设备先获取所述终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数，当在设定时长内，终端设备接收到的下行数据包数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包数量为零；或者，在设定时长内，终端设备发送的上行数据包数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包数量为零时，确定5G系统不可用，并从5G系统切换至非5G系统。

Description

一种网络切换方法及终端设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年09月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910882938.3、申请名称为“一种网络切换方法及终端设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种网络切换方法及终端设备。
背景技术
随着通信技术的进步，第五代(5th Generation，5G)系统(如新一代无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR))将会是未来一段时间内的主流通信技术。5G系统商用初期还无法满足覆盖需求，因此接入5G系统的终端设备会出现数据链路的链路质量差的问题。例如，终端设备运行的应用所发送的访问请求可能在一段时间内没有收到反馈，导致访问失败的问题。
目前，虽然加载了安卓(Android)系统的终端设备在出现上述问题时，可以通过安卓系统所支持的自愈(dorecovery)机制(包括自愈机制包括四级重建策略，分别为查询激活列表，重配路由，重新注册，开关飞行模式等)进行自愈，但是该自愈机制很多时候也无法解决链路质量差的问题，导致用户利用5G终端设备上网的过程中可能出现卡顿，响应慢的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种网络切换方法及终端设备，该方法能够使接入5G系统的终端设备在数据链路质量差时及时切换至其它非5G系统，以保证数据业务的连续性，提升终端性能和用户使用体验。
第一方面，本申请提供一种网络切换方法，该方法包括：终端设备先获取所述终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数，当在设定时长内，终端设备接收到的下行数据包数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包数量为零；或者，在设定时长内，终端设备发送的上行数据包数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包数量为零时，确定5G系统不可用，并从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
本申请实施例中，终端设备能够在数据链路质量差时及时切换至其它非5G系统，以保证数据业务的连续性，提升终端性能和用户使用体验。
在一种可能的实现中，当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，终端设备还向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；当测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定5G系统确实不可用，因此从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
在一种可能的实现中，当链路质量参数满足设定条件时，终端设备对缓存器中的历史域名进行解析，当解析失败时，确定5G系统不可用；当解析成功时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；当测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定5G系统不可用。
本申请实施例中，该方法可以准确地确定出接入公网的终端设备的数据链路是否连通，以确定数据链路是否可用。
在一种可能的实现中，当链路质量参数满足设定条件时，对缓存器中的历史域名进行解析；当解析失败时，确定所述5G系统不可用；当解析成功时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；当测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定所述5G系统不可用。
本申请实施例中，考虑到了终端设备所处网络环境的复杂性，在终端设备接入专网的情况下，终端设备通过上述方法解析历史域名可以确定专网的数据链路是否连通；在终端设备接入公网的情况下，终端设备通过上述方法解析历史域名也可以确定出公网是否连通，以避免仅向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包进行链路检测，检测结果可能不可靠的问题。
在一种可能的实现中，终端设备确定5G系统不可用之后，可以按照顺序依次使用查询路由、重配路由、重新注册、开关飞行模式四级重建策略对网络进行恢复；当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。本申请实施例中，终端设备启动自愈机制对网络进行恢复，部分情况下可以使得终端设备自主恢复网络到正常状态，若自愈仍无法恢复网络，则可以进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，终端设备确定5G系统不可用之后，可以使用查询路由对网络进行恢复；当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。本申请实施例中，终端设备启动查询路由对网络进行恢复，部分情况下可以使得终端设备自主恢复网络到正常状态，若自愈仍无法恢复网络，则可以进行网络切换。另外，一定程度上也保证了终端设备在数据链路质量差时及时进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，若5G系统为NSA，且终端设备接入由5G系统和LTE系统组成的异构通信系统，则在终端设备处于连接态下，向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以触发网络设备指示终端设备切换至所述LTE系统；在终端设备处于空闲态下，抑制上报5G系统的测量结果，并且不启动5G系统的随机接入功能，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至LTE系统。本申请实施例中，该方法可以保证终端设备快速进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，若5G系统为NSA，且终端设备接入由5G系统和其它除了LTE和5G系统之外的系统组成的异构通信系统，那么在所述终端设备处于连接态下，终端设备降低A类和B类切换事件中服务小区的测量报告的测量值，以使所述终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至非5G系统，其中所述服务小区为5G系统中的小区；在终端设备处于空闲态下，降低5G系统的选网优先级，并在设定时间段内抑制上报所述服务小区的测量报告，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至非LTE系统，其中，非LTE系统不包括5G系统。本申请实施例中，该方法可以保证终端设备快速进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，若5G系统为SA；终端设备可以向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以触发网络设备指示所述终端设备切换至非5G系统。本申请实施例中，该方法可以保证终端设备快速进行网络切换。
第二方面，本申请提供一种网络切换方法，该方法包括：终端设备获取终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数，其中，终端设备当前接入5G系统；当链路质量参数满足设定条件时，确定5G系统不可用并切换至非5G系统；其中，链路质量参数包括在设定时长内接收到的上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量，以及丢包率和上行数据包缓存时延中的至少一 项；设定条件为以下六个设定条件中的至少一个；
第一设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备接收到的下行数据包数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包数量为零；
第二设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备发送的上行数据包数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包数量为零；
第三设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备接收的下行数据包不为零，且在设定时长内发送的上行数据包数量和接收的下行数据包数量之间的比值大于第一设定比值；
第四设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备发送的上行数据包不为零，且在设定时长内发送的上行数据包数量和接收的下行数据包数量之间的比值小于第二设定比值；
第五设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备上行数据包的缓存时延超过设定时长；
第六设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备的丢包率大于第三阈值。
本申请实施例中，终端设备通过丢包率、上行数据包缓存时延，以及上行数据包数量，下行数据包数量等各种类型的数据链路质量参数来确定5G系统是否可用，有助于提高判断结果的准确性，覆盖场景广，实用性强。
在一种可能的实现中，当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，终端设备还向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；当测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定5G系统确实不可用，因此从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
在一种可能的实现中，当链路质量参数满足设定条件时，终端设备对缓存器中的历史域名进行解析，当解析失败时，确定5G系统不可用；当解析成功时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；当测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定5G系统不可用。
本申请实施例中，该方法可以准确地确定出接入公网的终端设备的数据链路是否连通，以确定数据链路是否可用。
在一种可能的实现中，当链路质量参数满足设定条件时，对缓存器中的历史域名进行解析；当解析失败时，确定所述5G系统不可用；当解析成功时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；当测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定所述5G系统不可用。
本申请实施例中，考虑到了终端设备所处网络环境的复杂性，在终端设备接入专网的情况下，终端设备通过上述方法解析历史域名可以确定专网的数据链路是否连通；在终端设备接入公网的情况下，终端设备通过上述方法解析历史域名也可以确定出公网是否连通，以避免仅向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包进行链路检测，检测结果可能不可靠的问题。
在一种可能的实现中，终端设备确定5G系统不可用之后，可以按照顺序依次使用查询路由、重配路由、重新注册、开关飞行模式四级重建策略对网络进行恢复；当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。本申请实施例中，终端设备启动自愈机制对网络进行恢复，部分情况下可以使得终端设备自主恢复网络到正常状态，若自愈仍无法恢复网络，则可以进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，终端设备确定5G系统不可用之后，可以使用查询路由对网络进行恢复；当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。本申请实施例中，终端设备启动查询路由对网络进行恢复，部分情况下可以使得终端设备自主恢复网络到正常状态，若自愈仍无法恢复网络，则可以进行网络切换。另外，一定程度上也保证了终端设备在数据链路 质量差时及时进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，若5G系统为NSA，且终端设备接入由5G系统和LTE系统组成的异构通信系统，则在终端设备处于连接态下，向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以触发网络设备指示终端设备切换至所述LTE系统；在终端设备处于空闲态下，抑制上报5G系统的测量结果，并且不启动5G系统的随机接入功能，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至LTE系统。本申请实施例中，该方法可以保证终端设备快速进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，若5G系统为NSA，且终端设备接入由5G系统和其它除了LTE和5G系统之外的系统组成的异构通信系统，那么在所述终端设备处于连接态下，终端设备降低A类和B类切换事件中服务小区的测量报告的测量值，以使所述终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至非5G系统，其中所述服务小区为5G系统中的小区；在终端设备处于空闲态下，降低5G系统的选网优先级，并在设定时间段内抑制上报所述服务小区的测量报告，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至非LTE系统，其中，非LTE系统不包括5G系统。本申请实施例中，该方法可以保证终端设备快速进行网络切换。
在一种可能的实现中，若5G系统为SA；终端设备可以向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以触发网络设备指示所述终端设备切换至非5G系统。本申请实施例中，该方法可以保证终端设备快速进行网络切换。
第三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种终端设备，该终端设备包括：显示屏，一个或多个处理器；存储器；一个或多个程序；其中一个或多个程序被存储在存储器中，所述一个或多个程序包括指令，当所述指令被所述终端设备执行时，使得所述终端设备执行如第一方面中任一所述的方法步骤。
第四方面，本申请实施例还提供了一种终端设备，所述终端设备可以包括执行第一方面或者第一方面的任意一种可能的设计的方法的模块/单元；这些模块/单元可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。
第五方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令在被计算机调用时，使所述计算机执行上述第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种设计提供的方法或上述第一方面或上述第二方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机程序产品，所述计算机程序产品中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或上述第一方面的任意一种可能的设计中所述的方法或上述第以方面或上述第二方面的任意一种设计提供的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种芯片，所述芯片与存储器耦合，用于读取并执行存储器中存储的程序指令，以实现上述第一方面或第二方面提及的任一种方法。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中的一组界面示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种适用的通信系统场景架构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种手机结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一组界面示意图；
图5A和图5C为本申请实施例提供的一种网络切换策略示意图；
图5B为本申请实施例提供的一组界面示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种网络切换方法一流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种网络切换方法二流程示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种网络切换方法三流程示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的另一种网络切换方法三流程示意图；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种终端在EN-DC系统的场景下网络切换过程示意图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种终端在5G为SA场景下网络切换过程示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的另一种终端设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合说明书附图以及具体的实施方式对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行详细的说明。
以下，先对本申请实施例中的部分用语进行解释说明，以便于本领域技术人员理解。
1)、本申请实施例涉及的APP，简称应用，为能够实现某项或多项特定功能的软件程序。通常，终端设备中可以安装多个应用。比如，相机应用、视频应用、游戏应用等。下文中提到的应用，可以是终端设备出厂时已安装的系统应用，也可以是用户在使用终端设备的过程中从网络下载或从其他终端设备获取的第三方应用。
2)、自愈(dorecovery)机制为安卓操作系统原生支持的，目前支持4级自愈，分别是查询激活列表，重配路由，重新注册，开关飞行模式。当终端设备(例如手机)运行的全部应用发送的上行数据包均未收到反馈数据时，终端设备就启动该自愈机制，例如，第一步，先查询激活列表；第二步，若不能够收到反馈数据，则重配路由；第三步，若仍然不能够收到反馈数据，则重新注册；第四步，若仍然不能够收到反馈数据，则先开启飞行模式再关闭飞行模式。
3)、单通，指的是终端设备的网卡接口处于单通状态，有上行数据包无下行数据包，或者有下行数据包无上行数据包。
现有技术中，接入5G系统的终端设备一旦遇到网络不可用问题，就会启用安卓系统所支持的自愈(dorecovery)机制(包括四级重建策略：查询激活列表，重配路由，重新注册，开关飞行模式等)进行自愈。例如，当终端设备当前运行的应用所发送的访问请求在一段时间内没有收到反馈，就会启用安卓系统所支持的自愈制进行自愈。示例性地，如图1中的(a)所示，状态栏中的网络信号图标指示当前只有上行传输没有下行传输，当在一段时长(例如20秒)内该传输状态不变时，手机启动自愈机制。这时，手机的网络信号图标可能如图1中的(b)所示，用于指示当前上下行传输均不存在。之后，手机状态栏可能如图1中的(c)所示，即四级信号格全部消失。紧接着，手机还可能完全搜不到网络，状态栏如图1中的(d)所示。最终，手机重新接入5G系统。手机重新接入5G系统之后的网络状态可能仍如图1中的(a)所示，即只有上行传输没有下行传输。也就是说，手机利用自愈机制经过上述自愈处理之后有可能仍无法解决链路质量差的问题，而且由于手机一段时间内完全搜不到网络，所以手机有段时间无信号，用户很可能会漏接电话，影响用户的使用体验。
基于此，本申请实施例提供一种网络切换方法，该方法可以能够使接入5G系统的终端设备在数据链路的链路质量差时，及时切换至其它非5G系统，以保证数据业务的连续 性，提升终端性能和用户使用体验。
本申请实施例的网络切换方法可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统，全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统，未来的第五代(5th Generation，5G)系统，如新一代无线接入技术(new radio access technology，NR)，及未来的通信系统，如6G系统等。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例的”一词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本申请实施例既可以应用在传统的典型网络中，也可以应用在未来的以UE为中心(UE-centric)的网络中。UE-centric网络引入无小区(Non-cell)的网络架构，即在某个特定的区域内部署大量小站，构成一个超级小区(Hyper cell)，每个小站为Hyper cell的一个传输点(Transmission Point，TP)或TRP，并与一个集中控制器(controller)相连。当UE在Hyper cell内移动时，网络侧设备时时为UE选择新的sub-cluster(子簇)为其服务，从而避免真正的小区切换，实现UE业务的连续性。其中，网络侧设备包括无线网络设备。
本申请实施例中部分场景以NR系统为例进行说明，应当指出的是，本申请实施例中的方案还可以应用于其他无线通信网络中，相应的名称也可以用其他无线通信网络中的对应功能的名称进行替代。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先以图2中示出的通信系统为例详细说明适用于本申请实施例的通信系统。为便于理解本申请实施例，首先以图2中示出的通信系统为例详细说明适用于本申请实施例的通信系统。图2示出了适用于本申请实施例的通信方法的通信系统的示意图。如图2所示，该通信系统包括网络设备200和终端设备100，网络设备200可配置有多个天线，终端设备也可配置有多个天线。可选地，该通信系统还可包括网络设备300，网络设备300也可配置有多个天线。
应理解，网络设备200或网络设备300还可包括与信号发送和信号接收相关的多个部件(例如，处理器、调制器、复用器、解调器或解复用器等)。
其中，网络设备为具有无线收发功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片，该设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G(如NR)系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(DU，distributed unit)等。
在一些部署中，gNB可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和DU。gNB还可 以包括射频单元(radio unit，RU)。CU实现gNB的部分功能，DU实现gNB的部分功能，比如，CU实现无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)，分组数据汇聚层协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的功能，DU实现无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)和物理(physical，PHY)层的功能。由于RRC层的信息最终会变成PHY层的信息，或者，由PHY层的信息转变而来，因而，在这种架构下，高层信令，如RRC层信令或PHCP层信令，也可以认为是由DU发送的，或者，由DU+RU发送的。可以理解的是，网络设备可以为CU节点、或DU节点、或包括CU节点和DU节点的设备。此外，CU可以划分为接入网RAN中的网络设备，也可以将CU划分为核心网CN中的网络设备，在此不做限制。
终端设备也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。本申请的实施例中的终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、智能打印机、火车探测器、加油站探测器、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。本申请中将前述终端设备及可设置于前述终端设备的芯片统称为终端设备。
网络设备200和网络设备300均可以与多个终端设备(例如图2中示出的终端设备100)通信。网络设备200和网络设备300可以与类似于终端设备100的任意数目的终端设备通信。但应理解，与网络设备200通信的终端设备和与网络设备300通信的终端设备可以是相同的，也可以是不同的。图2中示出的终端设备100可同时与网络设备200和网络设备300通信，但这仅示出了一种可能的场景，在某些场景中，终端设备可能仅与网络设备200或网络设备300通信，本申请对此不做限定。
应理解，图2仅为便于理解而示例的简化示意图，该通信系统中还可以包括其他网络设备或者还可以包括其他终端设备，图2中未予以画出。
以终端设备100是手机为例，图3示出了手机300的结构示意图。
手机300可以包括处理器310，外部存储器接口320，内部存储器321，USB接口330，充电管理模块340，电源管理模块341，电池342，天线1，天线2，移动通信模块351，无线通信模块352，音频模块370，扬声器370A，受话器370B，麦克风370C，耳机接口370D，传感器模块380，按键390，马达391，指示器392，摄像头393，显示屏394，以及SIM卡接口395等。其中传感器模块380可以包括陀螺仪传感器，加速度传感器，接近光传感器、指纹传感器，触摸传感器，手机300还可以包括其它传感器，比如温度传感器，压力传感器、距离传感器、磁传感器、环境光传感器、气压传感器、骨传导传感器等，图中未示出。
可以理解的是，本发明实施例示意的结构并不构成对手机300的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，手机300可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
处理器310可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：处理器310可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，调制解调处理器，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor,ISP)，控制器，存储器，视频编解码器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor,DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(Neural-network Processing Unit,NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。其中，控制器可以是手机300的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器310中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器310中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器310刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器310需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从所述存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取，减少了处理器310的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
处理器310可以运行本申请实施例提供的网络切换方法，以便于简化用户对智能家居设备的控制操作，提升用户的体验。当处理器310可以包括不同的器件，比如集成CPU和GPU时，CPU和GPU可以配合执行本申请实施例提供的网络切换方法，比如网络切换方法中部分算法由CPU执行，另一部分算法由GPU执行，以得到较快的处理效率。
显示屏394用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏394包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light emitting diode的，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，手机300可以包括1个或N个显示屏394，N为大于1的正整数。
在本申请实施例中，显示屏394可以是一个一体的柔性显示屏，也可以采用两个刚性屏以及位于两个刚性屏之间的一个柔性屏组成的拼接显示屏。当处理器310运行本申请实施例提供的网络切换方法后，处理器310可以控制显示屏394上的同一应用的不同界面的窗口大小。
摄像头393(前置摄像头或者后置摄像头，或者一个摄像头既可作为前置摄像头，也可作为后置摄像头)用于捕获静态图像或视频。通常，摄像头393可以包括感光元件比如镜头组和图像传感器，其中，镜头组包括多个透镜(凸透镜或凹透镜)，用于采集待拍摄物体反射的光信号，并将采集的光信号传递给图像传感器。图像传感器根据所述光信号生成待拍摄物体的原始图像。
内部存储器321可以用于存储计算机可执行程序代码，所述可执行程序代码包括指令。处理器310通过运行存储在内部存储器321的指令，从而执行手机300的各种功能应用以及数据处理。内部存储器321可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统，应用程序(比如相机应用，微信应用等)的代码等。存储数据区可存储手机300使用过程中所创建的数据(比如相机应用采集的图像、视频等)等。
内部存储器321还可以存储本申请实施例提供的显示区域调整算法的代码。当内部存储器321中存储的显示区域调整算法的代码被处理器310运行时，处理器310可以控制通知栏中的消息在显示屏394上的显示位置。
此外，内部存储器321可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。
当然，本申请实施例提供的显示区域调整算法的代码还可以存储在外部存储器中。这种情况下，处理器310可以通过外部存储器接口320运行存储在外部存储器中的显示区域调整算法的代码，处理器310可以控制显示屏394上的同一应用的不同界面的窗口大小。
手机300的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块351，无线通信模块352，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。手机300中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块351可以提供应用在手机300上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。移动通信模块351可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块351可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块351还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块351的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器310中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块351的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器310的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器通过音频设备(不限于扬声器370A，受话器370B等)输出声音信号，或通过显示屏394显示图像或视频。在一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器310，与移动通信模块351或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块352可以提供应用在手机300上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块352可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块352经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器310。无线通信模块352还可以从处理器310接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
另外，手机300可以通过音频模块370，扬声器370A，受话器370B，麦克风370C，耳机接口370D，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。手机300可以接收按键390输入，产生与手机300的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。手机300可以利用马达391产生振动提示(比如来电振动提示)。手机300中的指示器392可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。手机300中的SIM卡接口395用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口395，或从SIM卡接口395拔出，实现和手机300的接触和分离。
应理解，在实际应用中，手机300可以包括比图3所示的更多或更少的部件，本申请实施例不作限定。
考虑到接入5G系统的终端设备在数据链路质量差的时候无法使用5G网络正常进行数据业务，因此本申请提供一种网络切换方法，该方法可以应用于各种终端设备，例如手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑等。该方法包括：当终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数满足设定条件时，确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。这样，可以保证终端设备数据业务的连续性，以避免终端设备出现卡顿或者响应慢等问题，提升用户体验。
示例性地，在手机当前所在的服务小区没有被5G网络覆盖，或者5G网络出现网络故障等场景下，手机都无法使用5G网络进行数据业务，手机可能出现卡顿，响应慢或者无响应的问题。如图4中(a)所示，该场景下手机的状态栏中的网络信号图标当前只有上行传输没有下行传输。本申请实施例中，在这种情况下，手机可以实时获取当前场景下的链路质量参数，例如，丢包率、上行数据包缓存时延、设定时长内接收到的上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量，并确定链路质量参数是否满足设定条件，若满足，则终端设备从5G系统切换至LTE系统，以保证数据业务的连续性。示例性地，当手机发生网络切换之后，手机的状态栏中的网络信号图标显示切换至4G网络，如图4中(b)所示。
下面结合各种链路质量参数，以及链路质量参数满足设定条件的各种情形，对上述网络切换方法进行具体说明。需要说明的是，本申请实施例下文所列举的六种情形并不构成本方案的限定，终端设备还可以在链路质量参数满足其它条件的情形下发生网络切换。
情形1，链路质量参数为下行数据包数量和上行数据包数量，第一设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备接收到的下行数据包数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包数量为零。
上述网络切换方法可以理解为：当上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量满足第一设定条件时，则确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
情形2，链路质量参数为下行数据包数量和上行数据包数量，第二设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备发送的上行数据包数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包数量为零。
上述网络切换方法可以理解为：当上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量满足第二设定条件时，则确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
针对上述情形1和情形2，换句话说，上述情形1和情形2指的是终端设备监测到网卡接口处于单通状态，即有上行数据包无下行数据包，或者有下行数据包无上行数据包，因此终端设备确定当前接入的5G系统不可用，故发生网络切换。
情形3，链路质量参数为下行数据包数量和上行数据包数量，第三设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备接收的下行数据包不为零，且在设定时长内发送的上行数据包数量和接收的下行数据包数量之间的比值大于第一设定比值。例如，第一设定阈值是3:1，终端设备在设定时长内发送的上行数据包数量和接收的下行数据包数量之间的比值为10:1。
上述网络切换方法可以理解为：当上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量满足第三设定条件时，则确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
情形4，链路质量参数为下行数据包数量和上行数据包数量，第四设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备发送的上行数据包不为零，且在设定时长内发送的上行数据包数量和 接收的下行数据包数量之间的比值小于第二设定比值。例如，第二设定比值是1:1，终端设备在设定时长内发送的上行数据包数量和接收的下行数据包数量之间的比值1:10。
上述网络切换方法可以理解为：当上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量满足第四设定条件时，则确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
针对上述情形3和情形4，换句话说，上述情形3和情形4指的是终端设备监测到网卡接口虽然并不处于单通状态，但是下行数据包数量远远大于上行数据包数量，或者上行数据包数量远远大于下行数据包数量，这种情况下，说明5G系统已经发生了网络故障，终端设备已经无法正常收发数据，因此确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统自主切换至非5G系统。
情形5，链路质量参数为上行数据包的缓存时延，第五设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备上行数据包的缓存时延超过设定时长。
上述网络切换方法可以理解为：当上行数据包的缓存时延满足第五设定条件时，则确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
需要说明的是，在该情形5下，不同场景下的设定时长的具体取值也不同。示例性地，如表1所示。
表1
场景 设定时长 终端设备的状态
图文网页 30秒 提示正在刷新
点播视频 60秒 缓存耗尽，播放停止
实时对战游戏 20秒 自动退出
即时通信 20秒 自动挂断
从表1可见，若用户当前正在浏览网页，终端设备的上行数据包时延超过30秒时，则确定5G系统不可用并进行网络切换；若用户当前正在观看视频，终端设备的上行数据包时延超过60秒时，则确定5G系统不可用并进行网络切换；若用户当前正在玩实时对战游戏，终端设备的上行数据包时延超过20秒时，则确定5G系统不可用并进行网络切换；若用户当前正在通过即时通信软件发送消息，终端设备的上行数据包时延超过20秒时，则确定5G系统不可用并进行网络切换。需要说明的是，上述设定时长的具体取值可以根据实际需要进行调整，本申请实施例对此并不作限定。
情形6，链路质量参数为丢包率，第六设定条件为：在设定时长内，终端设备的丢包率大于第三阈值。
上述网络切换方法可以理解为：当丢包率满足第六设定条件时，则确定终端设备当前接入的5G系统不可用，并且终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
示例性地，若用户正在玩实时对战游戏，由于丢包率大于设定阈值，导致用户重复多次发出的对战指令均得不到响应，因此手机确定当前接入的5G系统不可用并进行网络切换。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例所提供的网络切换方法中，一种可能的实现方式是：当终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述任意一个设定条件下，终端设备发生网络切换，另一种可能的实现方式是：当终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述至少两个设定条件，终端设备才发生网络切换。例如，终端设备的丢包率大于第三阈值，且终端设备上行数据包的缓存时 延超过设定时长，则确定5G系统不可用并进行网络切换。
在另一种可能的实施例中，当终端设备确定链路质量参数满足上述至少一种设定条件时，终端设备还可以进一步地判断终端设备是否满足以下情形1.1至情形1.5中的至少一种情形，若满足，终端设备才进行网络切换。
情形1.1，当终端设备的缓存器中不存在历史域名时，终端设备向指定的公网服务器发送的测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通。
当终端设备满足以下情形1.1，上述网络切换方法可以理解为：在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，因终端设备的缓存器中不存在历史域名，因此终端设备主动向指定的公网服务器发送的测试数据包(例如ping数据包)，若测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通，则确定5G系统确实不可用，因此终端设备进行网络切换。
需要说明的是，域名系统(Domain Name System，DNS)是互联网的一项服务。它作为将域名和IP地址相互映射的一个分布式数据库，能够使人更方便地访问互联网。当用户使用终端设备进行网络访问之后，终端设备的缓存器中会存储有访问过的历史域名信息。若终端设备为新出厂的设备或者已被恢复出厂设置，则很可能缓冲器中不存在历史域名信息，因此，这是终端设备可以选择向指定的公网服务器发送的测试数据包，例如发送ping数据包，以实现对网络进行探测。
情形1.2，当终端设备的缓存器存储有历史域名时，终端设备对历史域名进行解析的解析结果为失败，终端设备向指定的公网服务器发送的测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通。
当终端设备满足以下情形1.2，上述网络切换方法可以理解为：在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，因终端设备的缓存器存储有历史域名，当终端设备对历史域名(历史域名可以选择距离当前时间最近的一个域名)进行解析时，若解析失败，则说明终端设备当前无法访问网络，由于不确定该历史域名是否对应的是专网(如铁路系统专网,公安系统专网、防汛专网、军用专网等)，若对应的是专网，则解析失败仅说明终端设备当前无法访问专网。因此终端设备还向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包，若探测结果指示网络连通，说明5G系统是可用的；若探测结果指示数据链路不连通，则说明5G系统确实不可用。
情形1.3，当终端设备的缓存器存储有历史域名时，终端设备对历史域名进行解析的解析结果为成功，但是终端设备向指定的公网服务器发送的测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通。
当终端设备满足以下情形1.3，上述网络切换方法可以理解为：在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，因终端设备的缓存器存储有历史域名，当终端设备对历史域名进行解析时，若解析成功，则说明终端设备可以访问网络。由于不确定该历史域名是否对应的是专网，若对应的是专网，则解析成功仅说明终端设备当前可以访问专网。因此终端设备还向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包，若探测结果指示网络连通，说明5G系统是可用的；若探测结果指示数据链路不连通，则说明5G系统确实不可用。
情形1.4，终端设备进行小区切换之后，终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件。
当终端设备满足以下情形1.4，上述网络切换方法可以理解为：在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，终端设备主动进行小区切换，当切换之后，终端设备重新获取的数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件，则说明5G系统确实处于不可用状态。
情形1.5，终端设备使用自愈机制中至少一级重建策略对网络进行恢复之后，终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件。
当终端设备满足以下情形1.5，上述网络切换方法可以理解为：在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，终端设备使用查询路由、重配路由、重新注册、开关飞行模式中至少一级重建策略对网络进行恢复之后，终端设备重新获取的数据链路的链路质量参数，若重新获取的数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件，则说明5G系统确实处于不可用状态。
具体来说，该情形1.5下，一种可能的实现方式是：如图5A所示，在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，终端设备逐级启动查询路由、重配路由、重新注册、开关飞行模式对网络进行恢复，若数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件，则说明当前接入的5G系统确实是不可用的，终端设备可以从5G切换至2G/3G/4G等任一非5G系统。
示例性地，在手机当前所在的服务小区没有被5G网络覆盖时，状态栏中的网络信号图标指示当前只有上行传输没有下行传输，如图5B中的(a)所示。当在一段时长(例如20秒)内该传输状态不变时，手机判断满足设定条件，因此启动查询路由、重配路由、重新注册、开关飞行模式对网络进行恢复。这时，手机的网络信号图标可能如图5B中的(b)所示，网络信号图标用于指示当前上下行传输均不存在。之后，手机状态栏可能如图5B中的(c)所示，即四级信号格全部消失。紧接着，手机还可能完全搜不到网络，状态栏如图5B中的(d)所示。最终，手机切换至4G系统。手机切换接入至4G系统之后的网络状态可能仍如图5B中的(e)所示，即数据业务传输恢复正常。
该情形1.5下，另一种可能的实现方式是：如图5C所示，在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，终端设备仅启动自愈机制中的第一级重建策略(即查询路由)对网络进行恢复，若数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件，则说明当前接入的5G系统确实是不可用的，终端设备可以从5G切换至2G/3G/4G等任一非5G系统。
在该情形1.5下，其它可能的实现方式是：终端设备可以逐级启动自愈机制中的第一级重建策略和第二级重建策略(即查询路由和重配路由)对网络进行恢复，当经过查询路由和重配路由处理之后，若数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件时，终端设备从5G系统切换至2G/3G/4G。或者，终端设备可以逐级启动自愈机制中的第一级重建策略和第二级重建策略和第三级重建策略(即查询路由、重配路由和重新注册)对网络进行恢复，当经过上述处理之后，若数据链路的链路质量参数仍不满足设定条件时，终端设备从5G系统切换至2G/3G/4G等任一非5G系统。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，终端设备可以在满足上述至少两种情形下发生网络切换。例如，在终端设备的链路质量参数满足上述六个设定条件中的至少一个的前提下，终端设备还满足情形1.1和情形1.4，这时，终端设备确定当前5G系统不可用，并进行网络切换。
作为示例，下面结合上述各种情形给出三种具体实现方法，需要说明的是，在实际应用中，并不限于以下三种实现方法。
实现方法一
本申请实施例中，终端设备的数据业务激活后，终端设备会立即启动周期定时器，当定时器达到设定时长后，终端设备获取在这段时间内数据链路的链路质量参数，并根据链路质量参数判断终端设备的网卡接口是否处于单通状态。若确定终端设备的网卡接口是否处于单通状态，则进一步通过发送测试数据包进行验证，若测试数据包的探测结果仍指示数据链路不连通，则确定5G系统不可用，终端设备开始使用自愈机制中的重建策略进行自愈，若仍自愈失败，则终端设备进行网络切换。示例性地，如图6所示，该实现方法一的具体实现流程包括如下步骤。
步骤601，终端设备的数据业务激活后，启动定时器，例如定时器的设定时长为10秒。
步骤602，当定时器到达设定时长(例如10秒)时，终端设备获取在设定时长内接收的下行数据包的数量和发送的上行数据包的数量。
步骤603，终端设备判断在设定时长内，数据链路的链路质量参数是否满足如下条件：接收到的下行数据包的数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包的数量为零；若是，则说明终端设备的网卡接口有下行数据包，无上行数据包，因此继续执行步骤605，否则，执行步骤604。
步骤604，终端设备继续判断在设定时长内，数据链路的链路质量参数是否满足如下条件：终端设备发送的上行数据包的数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包为零；若是，则说明终端设备的网卡接口有上行数据包，无下行数据包，因此继续执行步骤605，否则，返回执行步骤601。
步骤605，终端设备向指定的公网服务器发送的测试数据包(例如ping数据包)的探测结果是否指示数据链路不连通，若是，则说明当前5G系统不可用，因此继续执行步骤606，否则，返回执行步骤601。
步骤606，终端设备判断是否已经使用自愈机制中最后一级重建策略(例如默认设定最后一级重建策略为开关飞行模式)对网络进行恢复，若否，则执行步骤607，否则执行步骤608。
步骤607，终端设备执行下一级重建策略，并返回执行步骤601。
也就是说，终端设备按照顺序依次执行自愈机制中的四级重建策略，之后，终端设备重新获取数据链路的链路质量参数，再次确定链路质量参数是否满足设定条件。
步骤608，终端设备判断当前数据链路是否已经恢复至可用状态，若否，则执行步骤609，否则执行步骤610。
也就是说，终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数不满足设定条件，可以正常收发数据，则说明数据链路恢复至可用状态，否则，则说明仍不可用。
步骤609，终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
步骤610，终端设备继续使用5G系统进行数据传输。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中，步骤603和步骤604的顺序可以颠倒，即先可以执行步骤604，再执行步骤603。
需要说明的是，上述步骤606中，自愈机制中最后一级重建策也可以设定为查询路由，也就是说，终端设备判断是否已经使用查询路由对网络进行恢复，若没有，则使用查询路 由对网络进行恢复，若已经使用查询路由对网络进行恢复，则判断当前数据链路是否已经恢复可用状态，若仍不可用，则从5G系统切换至非5G系统。该方法可以使得终端设备在数据链路质量差时及时触发网络切换，提升终端性能，同时也保证了数据业务的连续性。
图6中，终端设备首先判断是否只能发送数据包或者只能接收数据包，即判断终端设备的网卡接口是否处于单通状态，若是，进一步地对网络进行探测，若探测结果仍然指示数据链路不连通，则说明当前5G系统的数据链路不可用，因此终端设备采用自愈机制进行恢复，若仍然无法恢复，则从5G系统切换至非5G系统。可见，该方法可以保证数据业务的连续性，提升用户体验。
实现方法二
本申请实施例中，终端设备的数据业务激活后，终端设备会立即启动周期定时器，当定时器达到设定时长后，终端设备获取在这段时间内数据链路的链路质量参数，并根据链路质量参数判断终端设备的网卡接口是否处于单通状态。若确定终端设备的网卡接口是否处于单通状态，则进一步通过发送测试数据包进行验证。考虑到不确定终端设备当前接入的是公网还是专网，如果终端设备当前接入的是专网，若直接向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包，测试结果无法表征专网网络是否连通。因此，本申请实施例中，终端设备在向公网服务器发送测试数据包之前，先确定是否存在历史域名，若不存在，才向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；若存在，则先对历史域名进行解析。示例性地，如图7所示，该实现方法二的具体实现流程包括如下步骤。
步骤701，终端设备启动定时器，例如定时器的设定时长为10秒。
步骤702，当定时器到达设定时长(例如10秒)时，终端设备获取在设定时长内接收的下行数据包的数量和发送的上行数据包的数量。
步骤703，终端设备判断在设定时长内，数据链路的链路质量参数是否满足如下条件：接收到的下行数据包的数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包的数量为零；若是，则执行步骤705，否则，执行步骤704。
步骤704，终端设备继续判断在设定时长内，数据链路的链路质量参数是否满足如下条件：终端设备发送的上行数据包的数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包为零；若是，则执行步骤705，否则，返回执行步骤701。
步骤705，终端设备先判断缓存器中是否存在历史域名，若存在，则执行步骤706，否则执行步骤707。
步骤706，当终端设备的缓存器存储有历史域名时，终端设备对历史域名(例如距离当前时刻最近的一个历史域名)进行解析，并判断解析是否成功，若否，则执行步骤708，否则执行步骤707。
步骤707，终端设备向指定的公网服务器发送的测试数据包(例如ping数据包)的探测结果是否指示数据链路不连通，若是，则执行步骤708，否则，返回执行步骤701。
步骤708，终端设备判断是否已经使用自愈机制中最后一级重建策略(例如默认设定最后一级重建策略为开关飞行模式)对网络进行恢复，若否，则执行步骤709，否则执行步骤710。
步骤709，终端设备执行下一级重建策略，并返回执行步骤701。
步骤710，终端设备判断当前数据链路是否已经恢复可用状态，若否，则执行步骤711，否则执行步骤712。
步骤711，终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
步骤712，终端设备继续使用5G系统进行数据传输。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中，步骤703和步骤704的顺序可以颠倒，即先执行步骤704，再执行步骤703。
需要说明的是，上述步骤708中，自愈机制中最后一级重建策略可以设定为查询路由，也就是说，终端设备判断是否已经使用查询路由对网络进行恢复，若没有，则使用查询路由对网络进行恢复，若已经使用查询路由对网络进行恢复，则判断当前数据链路是否已经恢复可用状态，若仍不可用，则从5G系统切换至非5G系统。该方法可以使得终端设备在数据链路质量差时及时触发网络切换，提升终端性能，同时也保证了数据业务的连续性。
本申请实施中，终端设备首先判断是否只能发送数据包或者只能接收数据包，若是，进一步地对网络进行探测，探测方式分为两步，第一步，先对历史域名进行解析，若解析失败说明终端设备与所接入的服务器之间的数据链路不连通，第二部，向公网服务器发送探测数据包，若探测结果仍然指示数据不连通，则说明当前5G系统的数据链路不可用，因此进一步地通过自愈机制进行恢复，若仍然无法恢复，则从5G系统切换至4G系统，可见，该方法可以保证数据业务的连续性，提升用户体验。
实现方法三
本申请实施例中，终端设备的数据业务激活后，终端设备会立即启动周期定时器，当定时器达到设定时长后，终端设备获取在这段时间内数据链路的链路质量参数，并根据链路质量参数判断上行数据包的缓存时延，若上行数据包的缓存时延超过设定时长，则很可能发生网络故障，例如，当手机获取当前运行的视频应用的上行数据包的缓存时延超过10秒，则终端设备确定当前网络发生故障。考虑到在这种场景下，网卡接口很可能并非处于单通状态，也就是说既有上行数据包，也有下行数据包，只是上行数据包数量远远大于下行数据包，因此说明这时数据链路是连通的，但是数据包传输不正常。为此本申请实施例进一步使用自愈机制中的重建策略进行自愈，若仍自愈失败，则终端设备进行网络切换。示例性地，如图8所示，该实现方法一的具体实现流程包括如下步骤。
步骤801，终端设备启动定时器，例如定时器的设定时长为10秒。
步骤802，当定时器到达设定时长(例如10秒)时，终端设备获取在设定时长内上行数据包的缓存时延。
步骤803，终端设备判断在设定时长内，数据链路的链路质量参数是否满足如下条件：终端设备上行数据包的缓存时延超过设定时长。若是，则执行步骤804，否则返回执行步骤801。
步骤804，终端设备判断是否已经使用自愈机制中最后一级重建策略对网络进行恢复，若否，则执行步骤805，否则执行步骤806。
步骤805，终端设备执行下一级重建策略，并返回执行步骤801。
步骤806，终端设备进行小区切换。
步骤807，终端设备判断当前数据链路是否已经恢复可用状态，若否，则执行步骤808，否则执行步骤809。
步骤808，终端设备从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
步骤809，终端设备继续使用5G系统进行数据传输。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中，步骤803和步骤806的顺序可以颠倒，即先执行步骤 806，再执行步骤804。
本申请实施中，终端设备首先判断是否上行数据包的缓存时延大于设定时长，若是，进一步通过自愈机制和切换小区等方式对网络进行恢复，若无法恢复，则说明当前5G系统的数据链路不可用，因此从5G系统切换至2G/3G/4G等非5G系统，可见，该方法可以保证数据业务的连续性，提升用户体验。
下面对上述实施例中的从5G系统切换至非5G系统的网络切换方式进行具体说明。
切换方式一，若5G系统为非独立组网(non-standalone，NSA)，且终端设备当前接入由NR系统和LTE系统组成的异构通信系统(即EN-DC系统)。
一种可能的情况，当终端设备处于连接态下，终端设备通过发起SCG fail(secondary cell group fail，第二小区组失败)切换至LTE网络，即终端设备向网络设备发送能力信息，该能力信息指示终端设备当前不支持5G系统。
另一种可能的情况，当终端设备处于空闲态下，抑制上报NR系统的测量结果，并且不启动NR系统的随机接入功能，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至非5G系统。
切换方式二，若5G系统为NSA，且终端设备当前接入由NR系统和非LTE系统组成的异构通信系统，例如，NR系统和E-UTRA(LTE中的陆地无线接入(UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access，UTRA)被称为E-UTRA)系统组成的双连接模式。
一种可能的情况，当终端设备处于连接态下，降低A类切换事件和B类切换事件(例如A1-A5和B1/B2)中的5G服务小区测量报告的测量值，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至非5G系统。
另一种可能的情况，当终端设备处于空闲态下，降低NR系统的选网优先级，并抑制一段时间内5G服务小区测量报告的B类切换事件的测量。
切换方式三，若5G系统为独立组网(standalone，SA)，终端设备可以通过发起SCG fail切换至非5G系统，例如切换至LTE系统。
具体地，针对上述实现方法一至实现方法三，本申请实施例进一步提供如图9所示的方法流程，终端设备可以利用图7所示的方法从5G系统切换至非5G系统。
步骤901，终端设备判断当前5G系统是否为NSA。若是，则执行步骤902，否则，执行步骤XXX
步骤902，终端设备判断当前NSA系统是否为EN-DC系统，若是，执行步骤903a。否则，执行步骤903b。
步骤903a，终端设备确定当前是否为连接态，若是，则执行步骤904a，否则执行步骤905a。
步骤904a，若为连接态，终端设备通过发起SCG fail切换至非5G系统。
具体地，如果当前是Option 3通信系统且为连接态，发起SCG fail切换至LTE系统；如果当前是Option 7通信系统，则直接抑制NR系统测量结果的上报。
步骤905a，若不为连接态(即为空闲态)，则抑制NR系统的测量结果的上报，并且不启动NR系统的随机接入功能，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至所述非5G系统。
具体地，如果当前是Option 3通信系统且为非连接态，则抑制NR系统测量结果的上报和不启动NR系统的随机接入功能；如果当前是Option 7通信系统，则直接抑制NR系统测量结果的上报。
步骤903b，终端设备确定当前是否为连接态，若是，则执行步骤904b，否则执行步骤905b。
步骤904b，当所述终端设备处于连接态下，降低A类切换事件和B类切换事件(例如A1-A5和B1/B2)中的5G服务小区测量报告的测量值，以使终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至非5G系统。
步骤905b，当所述终端设备处于空闲态下，降低NR系统的选网优先级，并抑制一段时间内5G服务小区测量报告的B类切换事件的测量。
步骤906，当NR系统为独立组网SA，发起SCG fail切换至非5G系统。
如图10，示例性地示出终端设备在接入EN-DC系统的场景下，从5G系统回落至LTE系统的具体过程。
步骤1001，终端设备采用上述方法确定5G系统不可用。
场景一
步骤1002a，如果当前EN-DC系统处于双链接激活状态，那么终端设备主动发起第二小区组失败(SCG fail)。
步骤1003a，网络设备释放第二小区组。
步骤1004a，网络设备发起RRC重配。
步骤1007，终端设备从5G系统切换至LTE系统。
场景二
步骤1002b，如果当前EN-DC系统处于即将激活状态，即处于中间状态，LTE使用NPDCP(5G的PDCP实体)，那么终端设备发起去注册请求。
步骤1003b，网络设备发送去注册响应消息。
步骤1004b，终端设备再次发起新的注册请求，新的注册请求不携带5G能力。
步骤1005b，网络设备重新注册。
步骤1006b，网络设备向终端设备发送注册响应消息。
步骤1007，终端设备从5G系统切换至LTE系统。
如图11，示例性地示出终端设备在接入5G系统为SA场景下，从5G系统回落至LTE系统的具体过程。
步骤1101，终端设备采用上述方法确定5G系统不可用。
步骤1102，终端设备上报当前服务小区的A2测量报告，该A2测量报告指示服务小区信号质量差。
步骤1103，网络设备配置异频测量时序(GAP)和异频异系统测量事件(B1/B2)。
步骤1104，终端设备上报B1/B2测量报告，该测量报告用于指示邻小区信号质量好。
步骤1105，网络设备发起RRC重配，该RRC配置终端设备重定向到2G/3G/4G等非5G系统。
步骤1106，终端搜网并重定向2G/3G/4G等非5G系统。
可见，本申请实施例中，终端设备在确定数据链路质量差时，通过回落至低制式网络以保证用户正常上网，达到数据业务连续性的目的。
在本申请的另一些实施例中，本申请实施例公开了一种终端设备，如图12所示，该终端设备可以包括：触摸屏1201，其中，该触摸屏1201包括触控面板1207和显示屏1208；一个或多个处理器1202；存储器1203；一个或多个应用程序(未示出)；以及一个或多个 计算机程序1204，传感器1205、上述各器件可以通过一个或多个通信总线1206连接。其中该一个或多个计算机程序1204被存储在上述存储器1203中并被配置为被该一个或多个处理器1202执行，该一个或多个计算机程序1204包括指令，上述指令可以用于执行如图6至图11相应实施例中的各个步骤。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有一些指令，这些指令被计算机调用执行时，可以使得计算机完成上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的设计中所涉及的方法。本申请实施例中，对计算机可读存储介质不做限定，例如，可以是RAM(random-access memory，随机存取存储器)、ROM(read-only memory，只读存储器)等。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品在被计算机调用执行时可以完成方法实施例以及上述方法实施例任意可能的设计中所涉及的方法。
基于与上述方法实施例相同构思，本申请还提供一种芯片，该芯片与收发器耦合，用于完成上述方法实施例、方法实施例的任意一种可能的实现方式中所涉及的方法，其中，“耦合”是指两个部件彼此直接或间接地结合，这种结合可以是固定的或可移动性的，这种结合可以允许流动液、电、电信号或其它类型信号在两个部件之间进行通信。
其中，本申请实施例提供的终端设备、计算机存储介质、计算机程序产品或芯片均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
通过以上实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其他的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个装置，或一些特征可以丢弃，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其他的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存 储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上内容，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种网络切换方法，应用于终端设备，其特征在于，包括：
    获取所述终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数，其中，所述终端设备当前接入5G系统；
    当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，确定所述5G系统不可用，并从所述5G系统切换至非5G系统；
    其中，所述链路质量参数包括在设定时长内接收到的上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量，所述设定条件包括：在所述设定时长内，所述终端设备接收到的下行数据包数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包数量为零；或者，
    所述设定条件包括：在所述设定时长内，所述终端设备发送的上行数据包数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包数量为零。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，确定所述5G系统不可用，包括：
    当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；
    当所述测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定所述5G系统不可用。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，确定所述5G系统不可用，包括：
    当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，对缓存器中的历史域名进行解析；
    当解析失败时，确定所述5G系统不可用；
    当解析成功时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；
    当所述测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定所述5G系统不可用。
  4. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，确定所述5G系统不可用之后，还包括：
    按照顺序依次使用查询路由、重配路由、重新注册、开关飞行模式四级重建策略对网络进行恢复；
    所述从所述5G系统切换至非5G系统，包括：
    当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。
  5. 如权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，确定所述5G系统不可用之后，还包括：
    使用查询路由对网络进行恢复；
    所述从所述5G系统切换至非5G系统，包括：
    当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述5G系统为非独立组网NSA，且所述终端设备接入由所述5G系统和长期演进LTE系统组成的异构通信系统；
    所述从所述5G系统切换至非5G系统，包括：
    在所述终端设备处于连接态下，向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以触发所述网络设备指示所述终端设备切换至所述LTE系统；
    在所述终端设备处于空闲态下，抑制上报5G系统的测量结果，并且不启动5G系统的随机接入功能，以使所述终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至所述LTE系统。
  7. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述5G系统为独立组网SA；
    所述从所述5G系统切换至非5G系统，包括：
    向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以触发所述网络设备指示所述终端设备切换至非5G系统。
  8. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器；
    所述存储器用于存储一个或多个计算机程序；
    当所述存储器存储的一个或多个计算机程序被所述处理器执行时，使得所述终端设备执行：
    获取所述终端设备的数据链路的链路质量参数，其中，所述终端设备当前接入5G系统；
    当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，确定所述5G系统不可用，并从所述5G系统切换至非5G系统；
    其中，所述链路质量参数包括在设定时长内接收到的上行数据包数量和下行数据包数量，所述设定条件包括：在所述设定时长内，所述终端设备接收到的下行数据包数量超过第一阈值，且发送的上行数据包数量为零；或者，
    所述设定条件包括：在所述设定时长内，所述终端设备发送的上行数据包数量超过第二阈值，且接收的下行数据包数量为零。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理器用于运行所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述终端设备具体执行：
    当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；
    当所述测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定所述5G系统不可用。
  10. 如权利要求8所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理器用于运行所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述终端设备具体执行：
    当所述链路质量参数满足设定条件时，对缓存器中的历史域名进行解析；
    当解析失败时，确定所述5G系统不可用；
    当解析成功时，向指定的公网服务器发送测试数据包；
    当所述测试数据包的探测结果指示数据链路不连通时，确定所述5G系统不可用。
  11. 如权利要求8至10任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理器用于运行所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述终端设备具体执行：
    按照顺序依次使用查询路由、重配路由、重新注册、开关飞行模式四级重建策略对网络进行恢复；
    当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。
  12. 如权利要求8至10任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述处理器用于运行所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述终端设备具体执行：
    使用查询路由对网络进行恢复；
    当网络恢复不成功时，切换至非5G系统。
  13. 如权利要求8至12任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述5G系统为非独立组网NSA，且所述终端设备接入由所述5G系统和长期演进LTE系统组成的异构通信系统；
    所述处理器用于运行所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述终端设备具体执行：
    在所述终端设备处于连接态下，向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以 触发所述网络设备指示所述终端设备切换至所述LTE系统；
    在所述终端设备处于空闲态下，抑制上报5G系统的测量结果，并且不启动5G系统的随机接入功能，以使所述终端设备通过自主搜网的方式接入至所述LTE系统。
  14. 如权利要求8至12任一项所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述5G系统为独立组网SA；
    所述处理器用于运行所述存储器存储的所述程序指令，使得所述终端设备具体执行：
    向网络设备发送不支持5G系统的终端能力信息，以触发所述网络设备指示所述终端设备切换至非5G系统。
  15. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质包括计算机程序，当计算机程序在终端设备上运行时，使得所述终端设备执行如权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法。
  16. 一种程序产品，其特征在于，当所述程序产品在终端设备上运行时，使得所述终端设备执行如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法。
  17. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片与存储器耦合，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以执行如权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法。
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