WO2021054345A1 - 厚鋼板およびその製造方法 - Google Patents
厚鋼板およびその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021054345A1 WO2021054345A1 PCT/JP2020/034996 JP2020034996W WO2021054345A1 WO 2021054345 A1 WO2021054345 A1 WO 2021054345A1 JP 2020034996 W JP2020034996 W JP 2020034996W WO 2021054345 A1 WO2021054345 A1 WO 2021054345A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
- B21B1/463—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting in a continuous process, i.e. the cast not being cut before rolling
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- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
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- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
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- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
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- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/04—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for drawing, e.g. for deep-drawing
- C21D8/0421—Modifying the physical properties of ferrous metals or ferrous alloys by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips to produce plates or strips for drawing, e.g. for deep-drawing characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0426—Hot rolling
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- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a thick steel sheet having a high level of strength of the steel sheet, toughness of the steel sheet, and delayed fracture resistance of the welded portion even if the steel sheet is particularly thick.
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing a thick steel sheet.
- the toughness of a steel sheet can be improved by making the crystal grain size of the steel structure finer.
- rolling is performed in a low temperature range in which recrystallization of austenite is suppressed and the unrecrystallized temperature range is reached, and the strain introduced in this rolling is performed. It is known that controlled rolling using the above for transformation nuclei is effective.
- Patent Document 2 includes appropriate amounts of C, Si, Mn, P, S, Al, Nb, and Ti in% by mass, and further 0.5% ⁇ Cu + Ni + Cr + Mo. It contains Cu, Ni, Cr, and Mo so as to satisfy ⁇ 3.0%, and contains N so as to satisfy 1.8 ⁇ Ti / N ⁇ 4.5, and the area fraction of the polygonal ferrite is 10%.
- a thick steel sheet having a thickness of less than 15 ⁇ m, an effective crystal grain shape at the center of the plate thickness of 15 ⁇ m or less, and a standard deviation of the effective crystal grain shape of 10 ⁇ m or less is described.
- Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 are aimed at improving strength and low temperature toughness, and the delayed fracture resistance in a corrosive environment has not been studied.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and is a thick steel sheet having a high level of high strength and high toughness of the steel sheet and excellent delayed fracture resistance of the welded portion, particularly in a thick steel sheet having a thick plate thickness. And its manufacturing method.
- the high strength means that the yield strength at the center position of the plate thickness in the tensile test is 300 MPa or more and the tensile strength is 400 MPa or more.
- high toughness means that the impact absorption energy by the Charpy impact absorption test at ⁇ 40 ° C. at the center position of the plate thickness is 60 J or more.
- the shock absorption energy is preferably 100 J or more.
- the excellent delayed fracture resistance means that the drawing ratio of the sample collected from the welding line position after welding with a heat input of 3.0 kJ / mm at the time of the hydrogen charge tensile test is 25% or more.
- the present inventors have obtained the following findings as a result of diligent studies to solve the above problems.
- Nb having an effect of raising the unrecrystallized temperature range of austenite to a high temperature side by solid solution Nb and fine precipitation NbC was contained.
- the unrecrystallized temperature of the Nb-containing steel is (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) or less.
- the amount of alloying elements segregated between dendrites is reduced by improving the solidification rate during slab casting, and at the slab casting stage. Segregation of the embrittlement elements Mn, P and S was reduced. In addition, the central segregation of the slab that was present at the slab casting stage is further reduced by the redistribution effect of the segregating elements due to recrystallization driven by rolling strain during hot rolling. For this reason, strong reduction was performed so that the total reduction rate in the temperature range exceeding the recrystallization temperature range (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) was 25% or more.
- Ti was added in order to form TiN having an effect of suppressing grain growth during welding heat input.
- it has the same effect of suppressing grain growth as Ti, and in order to form Ca-based inclusions that can exist stably without solid solution, especially in the vicinity of the welding line where the temperature rises to just below the melting point. Ca was added.
- the present invention has been made based on the above findings, and its gist structure is as follows. 1.
- C 0.04 to 0.12%, Si: 0.03 to 0.70%, Mn: 0.30 to 2.30%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.0050% or less, Nb: 0.005 to 0.100%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.100%, Al: 0.001 to 0.100%, Ca: 0.0005-0.0200%, O: 0.01% or less, and N: 0.01% or less, including
- the rest consists of Fe and unavoidable impurities
- the Ceq defined by the following equation (1) and the plate thickness t [mm] have a component composition satisfying 0.0004t + 0.25 ⁇ Ceq ⁇ 0.55.
- the steel structure has an average crystal grain size of 20 ⁇ m or less at the center position of the plate thickness.
- Ceq [C] + [Mn] / 6+ ([Cr] + [Mo] + [V]) / 5+ ([Cu] + [Ni]) / 15 ... (1)
- each element symbol in the above formula (1) represents the content (mass%) of the element, and if the element is not contained, it is set to 0, and each element symbol in the above formula (2) is segregated at the center of plate thickness. It represents the concentration (mass%) of the element in the part, and is set to 0 when the element is not contained.
- the component composition is further increased by mass%.
- Cu 2.00% or less
- Ni 2.50% or less
- Cr 1.50% or less
- Mo 1.00% or less
- V 0.30% or less
- B 0.0100% or less
- W 0.50% or less
- the thick steel sheet according to [1] which comprises one or more selected from the group consisting of Mg: 0.0200% or less and REM: 0.0500% or less.
- a slab having the above-mentioned composition was produced at an average cooling rate of 0.10 ° C./sec or more in a temperature range in which the temperature at the center of the plate thickness of the slab during continuous casting was 1600 to 1500 ° C.
- the slab is heated to a temperature of 1000-1200 ° C.
- the total rolling reduction of the heated slab in the temperature range where the temperature at the center of the plate thickness exceeds (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) is 25% or more and the total temperature range below (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.).
- Hot rolling is performed to reduce the rolling reduction at 25% or more.
- the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 700 to 550 ° C at the center position of the plate thickness is 2500 x t- 1.7 ° C / sec or more when the plate thickness of the steel plate is t [mm]. Manufacturing method.
- a thick steel sheet having high strength and high toughness of the steel sheet and excellent delayed fracture resistance of the welded portion at a high level even if the steel sheet is particularly thick, and a method for manufacturing the same. can do.
- the thick steel plate of the present invention is not limited to marine structures and offshore wind power generation, but can also be applied to, for example, shipbuilding, line pipes, and construction.
- C 0.04 to 0.12% C is an element that can improve the strength of the steel sheet at the lowest cost, and is an element that contributes to the strengthening of the austenite grain boundaries. If the C content is less than 0.04%, the grain boundary strength of austenite is lowered and hot cracking of the slab occurs, so that the manufacturability is significantly lowered. On the other hand, when the C content exceeds 0.12%, the strength of the welded portion increases and the delayed fracture resistance of the welded portion decreases. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.04 to 0.12%.
- the C content is preferably 0.05% or more, and the C content is preferably 0.11% or less. It is more preferably 0.06% or more, and more preferably 0.10% or less.
- Si 0.03 to 0.70%
- Si is an element effective for deoxidation, but if the Si content is less than 0.03%, a sufficient effect cannot be obtained. However, if the Si content exceeds 0.70%, the weldability deteriorates. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.03 to 0.70%.
- the Si content is preferably 0.04% or more, and the Si content is preferably 0.60% or less. It is more preferably 0.05% or more, and more preferably 0.55% or less.
- Mn 0.30 to 2.30%
- Mn is an element capable of improving hardenability and strength of steel at low cost. In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to contain Mn of 0.30% or more. On the other hand, when the Mn content exceeds 2.30%, the Mn content in the segregated portion at the center of the thickness of the steel sheet becomes high and the delayed fracture resistance is deteriorated. Therefore, the Mn content is set to 0.30 to 2.30%.
- the Mn content is preferably 0.50% or more, and the Mn content is preferably 2.10% or less. It is more preferably 0.70% or more, and more preferably 2.00% or less.
- P 0.020% or less
- P is an element that has a large effect of embrittlement of grain boundaries and has a large segregation tendency at the center of plate thickness. Therefore, if it is contained in a large amount, the toughness and delayed fracture of steel Deteriorates properties. Therefore, the P content is set to 0.020% or less. On the other hand, the smaller the amount of P, the more preferable it is. Therefore, the lower limit of the P content is not particularly limited and may be 0%.
- P is an element that is inevitably contained in steel as an impurity, and excessive reduction of P causes an increase in refining time and an increase in cost. Therefore, the P content may be 0.001% or more. preferable.
- S 0.0050% or less
- S is an element that has a large effect of embrittlement of grain boundaries and has a large segregation tendency at the center of the plate thickness. Deteriorates properties. Therefore, the S content is set to 0.0050% or less. On the other hand, the smaller the amount of S, the more preferable it is. Therefore, the lower limit of the S content is not particularly limited and may be 0%. However, S is an element that is unavoidably contained in steel as an impurity, and excessive reduction in S causes an increase in refining time and an increase in cost. Therefore, the S content may be 0.0001% or more. preferable.
- Nb 0.005 to 0.100%
- Nb is an element that suppresses recrystallization when strain is applied to austenite due to solid solution Nb and finely precipitated NbC, and the stored strain acts as a transformation nucleus such as ferrite to contribute to granulation. ..
- the content of Nb exceeding 0.100% deteriorates weldability. Therefore, the Nb content is set to 0.005 to 0.100%.
- the Nb content is preferably 0.007% or more, and the Nb content is preferably 0.075% or less. It is more preferably 0.009% or more, and more preferably 0.060% or less.
- Ti 0.005 to 0.100%
- Ti is an element that has the effect of pinning the movement of crystal grain boundaries and suppressing grain growth by precipitating as TiN, and is particularly effective in the vicinity of the welded portion. In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to set the Ti content to 0.005% or more. On the other hand, when the Ti content exceeds 0.100%, the cleanliness of the steel material or the steel sheet is lowered, and as a result, the ductility and toughness are lowered. Therefore, the Ti content is set to 0.005 to 0.100%.
- the Ti content is preferably 0.006% or more, and the Ti content is preferably 0.075% or less. It is more preferably 0.008% or more, and more preferably 0.065% or less.
- Al 0.001 to 0.100%
- Al is an element that is effective as an antacid and has the effect of forming a nitride to reduce the austenite particle size.
- the Al content needs to be 0.001% or more.
- the Al content is set to 0.001 to 0.100%.
- the Al content is preferably 0.005% or more, and the Al content is preferably 0.080% or less.
- Ca 0.0005-0.0200%
- Ca is an element that has the effect of suppressing grain growth by forming an acid sulfide that is highly stable at high temperatures, and in particular, suppresses grain growth in the immediate vicinity of the welding line where the temperature is raised to just below the melting point by multi-layer welding. The effect is great.
- Ca is an element having an effect of fixing S dissolved in the segregated portion at the center of the plate thickness as a sulfide and detoxifying it, which greatly affects the deterioration of the delayed fracture resistance. In order to obtain these effects, the Ca content is set to 0.0005% or more.
- the Ca content is set to 0.0005 to 0.0200%.
- the Ca content is preferably 0.0006% or more.
- the Ca content is preferably 0.0180% or less, and even more preferably 0.0150% or less.
- O 0.01% or less
- O is an element that lowers the ductility and toughness, so the O content is 0.01% or less.
- the lower limit of the O content is not particularly limited and may be 0%.
- O is an element that is unavoidably contained in steel as an impurity, and excessive reduction in O causes an increase in refining time and an increase in cost. Therefore, the O content may be 0.0005% or more. preferable.
- N 0.01% or less Since N is an element that lowers the ductility and toughness, the N content is 0.01% or less. On the other hand, the smaller the amount of N, the more preferable it is. Therefore, the lower limit of the N content is not particularly limited and may be 0%. However, since N is an element that is unavoidably contained in steel as an impurity, it may be industrially more than 0%. In addition, since excessively low N causes an increase in refining time and an increase in cost, the N content is preferably 0.0005% or more.
- the thick steel sheet of the present invention contains the above components, and the balance is Fe and unavoidable impurities.
- the thick steel sheet of the present invention has the above-mentioned components as the basic component composition.
- the above-mentioned essential elements can obtain the characteristics desired in the present invention, the following elements may be contained as necessary for the purpose of further improving the strength, toughness, and delayed fracture resistance of the steel plate base material and the welded portion. Can be done.
- Cu 2.00% or less, Ni: 2.50% or less, Cr: 1.50% or less, Mo: 1.00% or less, V: 0.30% or less, B: 0.0100% or less, W: One or more selected from the group consisting of 0.50% or less, Mg: 0.0200% or less, and REM: 0.0500% or less
- Cu 2.00% or less
- the Cu content is preferably 2.00% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.01% or more, and even more preferably 1.50% or less. It is more preferably 0.15% or more, still more preferably 1.00% or less.
- Ni 2.50% or less
- Ni is an element that has the effect of improving hardenability of steel and improving toughness.
- the Ni content is preferably 2.50% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.01% or more, and even more preferably 2.00% or less. It is more preferably 0.20% or more, still more preferably 1.70% or less.
- Cr 1.50% or less Cr is an element that can improve the strength of a steel sheet by improving the hardenability of steel. On the other hand, if the Cr content exceeds 1.50%, the weldability deteriorates. Therefore, when Cr is contained, the Cr content is preferably 1.50% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.01% or more, and even more preferably 1.20% or less. It is more preferably 0.20% or more, still more preferably 0.80% or less.
- Mo 1.00% or less Mo is an element that can improve the strength of a steel sheet by improving the hardenability of steel. On the other hand, if the Mo content exceeds 1.00%, the weldability is lowered. Therefore, when Mo is contained, the Mo content is preferably 1.00% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.01% or more, and even more preferably 0.80% or less. It is more preferably 0.05% or more, still more preferably 0.60% or less.
- V 0.30% or less
- V is an element that can improve the hardenability of steel and the strength of steel sheet by forming carbonitride.
- the V content is preferably 0.30% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.01% or more, and even more preferably 0.25% or less. It is more preferably 0.02% or more, still more preferably 0.08% or less.
- B 0.0100% or less
- B is an element having the effect of improving the strength of the steel sheet by improving the hardenability by adding a very small amount.
- the B content is preferably 0.0100% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.0001% or more, and even more preferably 0.0070% or less. It is more preferably 0.0005% or more, still more preferably 0.0040% or less.
- W 0.50% or less W is an element that can improve the strength of the steel sheet by improving the hardenability of the steel. On the other hand, if the W content exceeds 0.50%, the weldability is lowered. Therefore, when W is contained, the W content is preferably 0.50% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.01% or more, and even more preferably 0.40% or less. It is more preferably 0.10% or more, still more preferably 0.35% or less.
- Mg 0.0200% or less
- Mg is an element that improves weldability by forming an acid sulfide with high stability at high temperatures.
- the Mg content exceeds 0.0200%, the effect of adding Mg is saturated and an effect commensurate with the content cannot be expected, which is economically disadvantageous. Therefore, when Mg is contained, the Mg content is set to 0.0200% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.0001% or more, and even more preferably 0.0180% or less. It is more preferably 0.0010% or more, still more preferably 0.0060% or less.
- REM 0.0500% or less REM (rare earth metal) is an element that improves weldability by forming an acid sulfide with high stability at high temperatures.
- the REM content exceeds 0.0500%, the effect of adding REM is saturated and an effect commensurate with the content cannot be expected, which is economically disadvantageous. Therefore, when REM is contained, the REM content is set to 0.0500% or less. It should be noted that it is even more preferably 0.0001% or more, and even more preferably 0.0450% or less. It is more preferably 0.0020% or more, still more preferably 0.0100% or less.
- composition of the thick steel sheet must further satisfy the following conditions.
- Ceq defined by the following formula (1) is an index showing the hardenability of the contained elements.
- Ceq is less than (0.0004t + 0.25). Strong strength cannot be obtained.
- Ceq is larger than 0.55, the strength of the welded portion structure becomes too high, so that the delayed fracture resistance of the welded portion becomes low. Therefore, 0.0004t + 0.25 ⁇ Ceq ⁇ 0.55 was set.
- the Ceq is preferably (0.0004t + 0.26) or more, and the Ceq is preferably 0.51 or less. More preferably, it is (0.0004t + 0.27) or more, and 0.50 or less.
- Ceq [C] + [Mn] / 6+ ([Cr] + [Mo] + [V]) / 5+ ([Cu] + [Ni]) / 15 ... (1)
- each element symbol in the formula (1) represents the content (mass%) of the element, and is set to 0 when the element is not contained.
- the thick steel sheet of the present invention has an average crystal grain size of 20 ⁇ m or less at the center position of the thick steel sheet, and the concentration of Mn and the concentration of P in the segregated portion at the center of the thickness. It has a steel structure in which the concentration of S satisfies the following equation (2). Therefore, the reason why the steel structure is limited as described above in the present invention will be described below.
- Average crystal grain size at the center of the plate thickness 20 ⁇ m or less
- the average crystal grain size at the above positions needs to be 20 ⁇ m or less in order to obtain the effect. Therefore, the average crystal grain size at the center of the plate thickness is set to 20 ⁇ m or less. It is preferably 15 ⁇ m or less.
- the finer the crystal grain size the more preferable, so the lower limit of the average crystal grain size is not particularly limited.
- the average crystal grain size at the above positions is preferably 1 ⁇ m or more. More preferably, it is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- the "plate thickness center position” refers to the plate thickness 1/2 position of the thick steel plate.
- the “average crystal grain size at the center position of the plate thickness” refers to the average of all the crystal grains at the center position of the plate thickness when the region surrounded by the boundary where the crystal orientation difference is 15 ° or more is defined as the crystal grains. It shall be. The average crystal grain size can be measured by the method described in Examples described later.
- each element symbol in the formula (2) represents the concentration (mass%) of the element in the plate thickness center segregation portion, and is set to 0 when the element is not contained.
- Mn, P and S are elements that deteriorate the delayed fracture resistance, and the magnitude of their influence differs depending on each element. Further, as described above, since the center segregation (the center segregation portion of the plate thickness) in which embrittlement elements such as Mn, P and S are concentrated during slab casting exists at the center of the plate thickness of the steel sheet, heat It is important to reduce the central segregation remaining on the steel sheet by appropriately controlling the conditions during inter-rolling. Therefore, in the present invention, it has been found that the reduction of the plate thickness center segregation portion can be estimated from the content of each element by the above equation (2).
- the value of ([Mn * ] + 20 [P * ] + 50 [S * ]) is set to 15 or less.
- the lower limit of ([Mn * ] + 20 [P * ] + 50 [S * ]) is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 3 or more from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost. It is preferably 14 or less, and more preferably 5 or more.
- the Mn concentration ([Mn * ]), the P concentration ([P * ]), and the S concentration ([S * ]) in the plate thickness center segregation portion are determined by the methods described in Examples described later. Can be measured.
- the "thick steel plate” in the present invention refers to a steel plate having a plate thickness of 6 mm or more.
- the thickness of the thick steel plate is preferably more than 80 mm, and even more preferably 90 mm or more.
- the upper limit of the plate thickness is not particularly limited and may be any thickness, but it is preferably 180 mm or less.
- the thick steel sheet of the present invention is produced by continuously casting a slab (steel material) having the above-mentioned composition under the above-mentioned conditions, then hot-rolling under the above-mentioned conditions, and then cooling under the above-mentioned conditions. Be done. After the cooling, an arbitrary tempering step can be further performed.
- the “° C.” indication regarding the temperature is the surface temperature of the slab or the steel plate unless otherwise specified. These surface temperatures can be measured with, for example, a radiation thermometer. Further, the temperature at the center position of the plate thickness (1/2 position of the plate thickness) of the slab or the steel plate can be measured by attaching a thermocouple to the center of the plate thickness of the steel plate, or the temperature distribution in the cross section of the steel plate can be analyzed by heat transfer. And the result can be obtained by correcting with the surface temperature of the steel sheet.
- the slab melting method is not particularly limited, and any known melting method such as a converter, an electric furnace, or a vacuum melting furnace is suitable.
- the slab is manufactured to a desired size, for example by a continuous casting method.
- the molten steel may be further subjected to secondary refining such as ladle refining.
- a slab manufactured so that the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 1600 to 1500 ° C. is 0.10 ° C./sec or more at the temperature at the center of the plate thickness of the slab during continuous casting is 1000 to 1200 ° C. Heat to the temperature of.
- Average cooling rate in the temperature range of 1600 to 1500 ° C at the temperature at the center of the plate thickness of the slab during continuous casting 0.10 ° C / sec or more
- the delay in the plate thickness center segregation portion of the steel plate In order to suppress the occurrence of fracture, it is important to properly control the solidification rate during slab casting. By increasing the cooling rate during solidification of molten steel, the dendrite interval is narrowed and the amount of alloying elements segregated between dendrites is reduced. In order to obtain the effect, it is necessary to set the average cooling rate between 1600 to 1500 ° C., which is the temperature range where solidification occurs, to 0.10 ° C./sec or more.
- the temperature is preferably 0.15 ° C./sec or more.
- the upper limit of the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 1600 to 1500 ° C. is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 ° C./sec or less from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost. More preferably, it is 0.70 ° C./sec or less.
- the heating temperature of the slab was set to a temperature of 1000 to 1200 ° C. It is preferably 1020 ° C. or higher, and preferably 1180 ° C. or lower.
- the slab is manufactured, for example, it is once cooled to room temperature and then heated again, or, for example, it is charged into a heating furnace as a hot piece without being cooled to room temperature, or a slight amount of heat is retained. May be rolled immediately after the above.
- the heated slab is then hot rolled.
- the total reduction rate in the temperature range exceeding (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) at the temperature at the center of the plate thickness of the slab is 25% or more, and (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) Rolling is performed so that the total rolling reduction rate in the following temperature range is 25% or more.
- the temperature range exceeding (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) at the center position of the plate thickness of the slab is referred to as the recrystallization temperature range
- the temperature at the center position of the plate thickness of the slab is (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) to
- the temperature range at the Ar3 point is referred to as an unrecrystallized temperature range.
- the above-mentioned [Nb] represents the content (mass%) of the element.
- Rolling conditions in the recrystallization temperature range at the center of the plate thickness The total rolling reduction in the temperature range exceeding (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) is 25% or more, which is the recrystallization temperature range at the center of the plate thickness (8250 [Nb]].
- rolling strain in a temperature range exceeding + 770 ° C. recrystallization of austenite grains occurs.
- the segregation elements are redistributed as the recrystallization progresses, and the central segregation existing at the slab casting stage is reduced.
- the total reduction rate in the temperature range where the temperature at the center of the plate thickness exceeds (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) is 25% or more. It is preferably 28% or more.
- the upper limit is not specified, it is preferably 200% or less, more preferably 100% or less, from the viewpoint of rolling efficiency.
- the total rolling reduction in the recrystallization temperature range is a temperature range exceeding (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.), where the plate thickness at which the first rolling is started is r 0 and the plate thickness after the final rolling is performed.
- r 1 the total rolling reduction rate is calculated as (r 0 ⁇ r 1 ) / r 0 ⁇ 100 (%).
- Rolling conditions in the unrecrystallized temperature range at the center of the plate thickness The total rolling reduction in the temperature range below (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) is 25% or more.
- the center position of the plate thickness is the unrecrystallized temperature range (8250 [Nb]). ] + 770 ° C.) to Ar 3 points
- the processing strain is introduced into the austenite at the center position of the plate thickness by applying a rolling reduction with a total rolling reduction of 25% or more. By acting as a transformation nucleus at the time of final cooling, which will be described later, a microstructure with good toughness can be obtained.
- the total reduction rate in the temperature range where the temperature at the center of the plate thickness is (8250 [Nb] + 770 ° C.) or less is set to 25% or more. It is preferably 30% or more. From the viewpoint of rolling efficiency, the total rolling reduction in this temperature range is preferably 80% or less, and even more preferably 70% or less.
- Ar3 points can be obtained by a four-master test or the like.
- the obtained thick steel sheet is cooled.
- the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 700 to 550 ° C at the center position of the plate thickness of the steel sheet is 2500 ⁇ t- 1.7 ° C / when the plate thickness after hot rolling is t [mm]. Do it for more than a second.
- the cooling method include water cooling in which water is jetted from a nozzle.
- Average cooling rate in the temperature range of 700 to 550 ° C at the temperature at the center of the plate thickness 2500 ⁇ t -1.7 ° C / sec or more
- the temperature at the center of the plate thickness is 700 to 550 ° C. It is important to properly control the cooling rate in the temperature range of.
- the average cooling rate in the temperature range of 700 to 550 ° C. at the center position of the plate thickness was set to 2500 ⁇ t -1.7 ° C./sec or more. It is preferably 2800 ⁇ t- 1.7 ° C./sec or more, and preferably 15000 ⁇ t- 1.7 ° C./sec or less from the viewpoint of cooling equipment cost.
- the average cooling rate during cooling is a value (° C./sec) obtained by ((center temperature of the thickness of the steel plate before cooling-center temperature of the thickness of the steel plate after cooling) / cooling time).
- tempering can be performed for the purpose of further improving the strength and toughness, if necessary.
- the steel sheet is further tempered at a tempering temperature of 650 ° C. or lower.
- tempering temperature 650 ° C or less If the tempering temperature is higher than 650 ° C, significant softening may occur and the required strength may not be secured. Therefore, the tempering temperature is preferably 650 ° C. or lower. On the other hand, the lower limit of the tempering temperature is not particularly limited, but is preferably 200 ° C. or higher. It is even more preferably 300 ° C. or higher, and even more preferably 640 ° C. or lower.
- the tempering time can be adjusted as appropriate.
- the tempering temperature here is the temperature of the surface of the steel sheet.
- molten steel having the composition shown in Table 1 was melted, and a steel material (slab) was manufactured by continuous casting.
- the blanks in Table 1 indicate that they are not intentionally added, and include not only the case where they are not contained (0%) but also the cases where they are unavoidably contained.
- the cooling rate during continuous casting was the condition shown in Table 2.
- the cooling rate of the slab is the average cooling rate obtained by using the value calculated by the heat transfer analysis (the temperature at the center of the plate thickness). Further, the reduction was performed so that the temperature at the center of the plate thickness of the slab during continuous casting was between 1600 and 1500 ° C. and the gradient of reduction by the continuous casting machine was 0.3 mm / m or more.
- each step of heating, hot rolling, and cooling was sequentially performed on the obtained slab to obtain a thick steel plate having a plate thickness of t (mm) shown in Table 2. Further, some of the obtained thick steel sheets were reheated for tempering after cooling. The manufacturing conditions for each step were as shown in Table 2. Cooling after hot rolling was performed by injecting water at a large flow rate from the front and back surfaces of the steel sheet. The temperature of the steel plate is a value measured by measuring the surface temperature of the steel plate with an emissivity thermometer and measuring the temperature at the center of the thickness of the steel plate by attaching a thermocouple to the center of the thickness of the steel plate.
- the obtained steel plate in a manner described below, the average crystal grain size, measure the content of Mn, P and S in the temperature and the thickness center segregation of A r3 point, tensile test, Charpy impact absorption test and A hydrogen charge tensile test was performed.
- the measurement results and test results are shown in Table 3, respectively.
- Samples were taken from each of the obtained thick steel sheets so that the cross section in the longitudinal direction of the steel sheet at the center position of the sheet thickness was the evaluation surface at the center positions in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the steel sheet.
- the surface of the obtained sample was mirror-polished with a colloidal silica finish, and measured by EBSP (backscattered electron diffraction method) under the following conditions.
- the measurement area was 300 ⁇ m in the plate thickness direction ⁇ 400 ⁇ m in the plate longitudinal direction, and the measurement step size was 1 ⁇ m.
- the circle-equivalent diameter of the structure surrounded by the large-angle grain boundaries where the crystal orientation difference from the adjacent crystal grains is 15 ° or more is obtained, and the average value of the circle-equivalent diameters in the above measurement region is averaged.
- the crystal grain size was used.
- the conditions for measurement by EPMA were as follows. Using the measurement sample (20 samples), the maximum value of [Mn * ] +20 [P * ] +50 [S * ] in the measurement range shown below was obtained, and the value was used for evaluation. Of each measurement point, points containing sulfide in the measurement range were excluded from the evaluation. (EPMA measurement conditions) Acceleration voltage: 20kV Irradiation current: 0.5 ⁇ A Integration time: 0.15 seconds Beam diameter: 15 ⁇ m Measurement range: Length 3 mm in the plate thickness direction x Length 25 mm in the width direction Number of measurements: 20 samples
- delayed fracture characteristic evaluation test The delayed fracture resistance was evaluated by the hydrogen charge tensile test described below. Using each of the obtained thick steel plates, a welded joint was prepared under the following conditions.
- Welding direction Parallel to rolling direction
- Groove shape L groove or K groove
- Welding method Submerged arc welding Welding material: PFH-55LT / US-36J Welding heat input: 3.0 kJ / mm
- Preheating temperature 150 ° C
- Temperature between passes 150 ° C
- the JIS14A round bar tensile test piece JIS Z2241 (2011) with the diameter of the parallel part set to 5 mm and the length of the parallel part set to 30 mm from the center position of the thickness of the weld line on the straight side. )
- the round bar tensile test piece was immersed in a 10% ammonium thiocyanate aqueous solution at 25 ° C. for 72 hours to allow hydrogen to be absorbed by the round bar tensile test piece. Then, in order to prevent the emission of hydrogen from the round bar tensile test piece, the surface of the round bar tensile test piece was galvanized with a thickness of 10 to 15 ⁇ m in a plating bath composed of ZnCl 2 and NH 4 Cl. Then, using the obtained round bar tensile test piece, a tensile test was performed at a strain rate of 1.1 ⁇ 10-5 / sec, and the drawing ratio after breaking was measured according to JIS Z2241 (2011).
- the tensile test was performed three times each, and the average value of the drawing ratio was used for evaluation.
- the total hydrogen release amount (ppm) when the temperature was raised to 400 ° C. with a temperature-increasing hydrogen analyzer was measured. The value was 1.4 to 2.5 ppm.
- the thick steel sheet satisfying the conditions of the present invention is a very thick steel sheet having a thickness of up to 170 mm, and has high strength at the center of the thickness, high toughness at the center of the thickness, and welding. It also had excellent delayed fracture resistance of the part.
- the steel sheet of the comparative example which does not satisfy the conditions of the present invention was inferior in any of strength, toughness, and delayed fracture resistance of the welded portion.
- the steel sheet of 21 Since the P content of the steel sheet of 21 is high, the steel sheet is brittle at the segregation portion at the center of the plate thickness, and the toughness and the delayed fracture resistance are low.
- the steel sheets 33 and 34 have insufficient toughness because the amount of reduction in the unrecrystallized region is insufficient and the structure is coarse.
- the steel plates of 35 and 36 have low strength because the cooling rate is slower than the plate thickness in the cooling after hot rolling. Moreover, the toughness is low because the crystal grain size is 20 ⁇ m or more.
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Abstract
Description
また、高靱性とは、板厚中心位置での-40℃でのシャルピー衝撃吸収試験による衝撃吸収エネルギーが60J以上であることを指す。該衝撃吸収エネルギーは、好ましくは100J以上である。
また、優れた耐遅れ破壊特性とは、入熱3.0kJ/mmの溶接後に溶接線位置から採取したサンプルの水素チャージ引張試験時の絞り率が25%以上であることを指す。
なお、上記の引張試験、シャルピー衝撃吸収試験、水素チャージ引張試験は、後述する実施例に記載の方法で行うことができる。
1. 質量%で、
C :0.04~0.12%、
Si:0.03~0.70%、
Mn:0.30~2.30%、
P :0.020%以下、
S :0.0050%以下、
Nb:0.005~0.100%、
Ti:0.005~0.100%、
Al:0.001~0.100%、
Ca:0.0005~0.0200%、
O:0.01%以下、および
N :0.01%以下を含み、
残部がFe及び不可避不純物からなり、
下記(1)式で定義されるCeqと板厚t[mm]とが、0.0004t+0.25≦Ceq≦0.55を満足する成分組成を有し、
鋼組織は、板厚中心位置における平均結晶粒径が20μm以下であり、
板厚中心偏析部における、Mnの濃度、Pの濃度、Sの濃度が、下記(2)式を満足する、厚鋼板。
Ceq=[C]+[Mn]/6+([Cr]+[Mo]+[V])/5+([Cu]+[Ni])/15・・・(1)
[Mn*]+20[P*]+50[S*]≦15・・・(2)
ただし、上記(1)式における各元素記号は当該元素の含有量(質量%)を表し、当該元素が含有されていない場合は0とし、上記(2)式における各元素記号は板厚中心偏析部における当該元素の濃度(質量%)を表し、当該元素が含有されていない場合は0とする。
Cu:2.00%以下、
Ni:2.50%以下、
Cr:1.50%以下、
Mo:1.00%以下、
V :0.30%以下、
B :0.0100%以下、
W :0.50%以下、
Mg:0.0200%以下、および
REM:0.0500%以下
からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上を含む、[1]に記載の厚鋼板。
前記成分組成を有するスラブを、連続鋳造時のスラブの板厚中心位置の温度が1600~1500℃の温度域における平均冷却速度を0.10℃/秒以上で製造し、
前記スラブを1000~1200℃の温度に加熱し、
加熱された前記スラブを、板厚中心位置の温度が(8250[Nb]+770℃)を超える温度域の総圧下率を25%以上、かつ(8250[Nb]+770℃)以下の温度域の総圧下率を25%以上で圧下する熱間圧延を行い、
板厚中心位置の温度で700~550℃の温度域における平均冷却速度が、鋼板の板厚をt[mm]としたとき、2500×t-1.7℃/秒以上で冷却する、厚鋼板の製造方法。
本発明では、厚鋼板およびその製造に用いられる鋼素材が、上記した成分組成を有することが重要である。そこで、本発明において鋼素材の成分組成を上記のように限定した理由を以下に説明する。なお、成分組成に関する「%」は、特に断らない限り「質量%」を意味する。
Cは、鋼板の強度を最も安価に向上させられる元素であり、またオーステナイト粒界の強化に寄与する元素である。C含有量が0.04%未満であると、オーステナイトの粒界強度が低下し、スラブの熱間割れが生じるため、製造性が著しく低下する。一方、C含有量が0.12%を超えると、溶接部の強度が上昇することで溶接部の耐遅れ破壊が低下する。そのため、C含有量は0.04~0.12%とする。なお、C含有量は0.05%以上が好ましく、C含有量は0.11%以下が好ましい。より好ましくは0.06%以上であり、より好ましくは0.10%以下である。
Siは、脱酸に有効な元素であるが、Si含有量が0.03%未満であると十分な効果を得ることができない。しかし、Si含有量が0.70%を超えると溶接性が低下する。そのため、Si含有量は0.03~0.70%とする。なお、Si含有量は0.04%以上が好ましく、Si含有量は0.60%以下が好ましい。より好ましくは0.05%以上であり、より好ましくは0.55%以下である。
Mnは、低コストで鋼の焼入れ性を向上させ、強度を向上させることができる元素である。その効果を得るには0.30%以上のMnの含有が必要である。一方、Mn含有量が2.30%を超えると、鋼板の板厚中心偏析部のMn量が高くなり耐遅れ破壊特性を低下させる。そのため、Mn含有量は0.30~2.30%とする。なお、Mn含有量は0.50%以上が好ましく、Mn含有量は2.10%以下が好ましい。より好ましくは0.70%以上であり、より好ましくは2.00%以下である。
Pは、粒界を脆化させる作用の大きい元素であり、また板厚中心での偏析傾向の大きい元素であるため、多量に含有すると、鋼の靭性と耐遅れ破壊特性を低下させる。そのため、P含有量は0.020%以下とする。一方、Pは少ないほど好ましいため、P含有量の下限は特に限定されず、0%であってもよい。しかし、Pは不純物として鋼中に不可避的に含有される元素であり、過度の低P化は精錬時間の増加やコストの上昇を招くため、P含有量を0.001%以上とすることが好ましい。
Sは、粒界を脆化させる作用の大きい元素であり、また板厚中心での偏析傾向の大きい元素であるため、多量に含有すると、鋼の靭性と耐遅れ破壊特性を低下させる。そのため、S含有量は0.0050%以下とする。一方、Sは少ないほど好ましいため、S含有量の下限は特に限定されず、0%であってもよい。しかし、Sは不純物として鋼中に不可避的に含有される元素であり、過度の低S化は精錬時間の増加やコストの上昇を招くため、S含有量を0.0001%以上とすることが好ましい。
Nbは、固溶Nbや微細析出したNbCによりオーステナイトにひずみが加わった際の再結晶を抑制し、蓄えられたひずみがフェライト等の変態核として作用することで細粒化に寄与する元素である。その効果を得るためには0.005%以上のNbの含有が必要である。一方、0.100%を超えるNbの含有は溶接性を劣化させる。そのため、Nb含有量は0.005~0.100%とする。なお、Nb含有量は0.007%以上が好ましく、Nb含有量は0.075%以下が好ましい。より好ましくは0.009%以上であり、より好ましくは0.060%以下である。
Tiは、TiNとして析出することで結晶粒界の移動をピン止めし、粒成長を抑制する効果を有する元素であり、特に溶接部近傍での効果が大きい。その効果を得るためには、Ti含有量を0.005%以上とすることが必要である。一方、Ti含有量が0.100%を超えると、鋼素材や鋼板の清浄度が低下し、その結果、延性および靭性が低下する。そのため、Ti含有量を0.005~0.100%とする。なお、Ti含有量は0.006%以上が好ましく、Ti含有量は0.075%以下が好ましい。より好ましくは0.008%以上であり、より好ましく0.065%以下である。
Alは、脱酸剤として有効であるとともに、窒化物を形成してオーステナイト粒径を小さくする効果を有する元素である。その効果を得るためにはAl含有量を0.001%以上とする必要がある。一方、Al含有量が0.100%を超えると、鋼素材や鋼板の清浄度が低下し、その結果、延性および靭性が低下する。そのため、Al含有量を0.001~0.100%とする。なお、Al含有量は0.005%以上が好ましく、Al含有量は0.080%以下が好ましい。
Caは、高温での安定性が高い酸硫化物を形成することで粒成長を抑制する効果を有する元素であり、特に多層溶接により融点直下まで昇温される溶接線直近での粒成長の抑制効果が大きい。さらにCaは、耐遅れ破壊特性の劣化に大きく影響する、板厚中心偏析部に固溶したSを硫化物として固定し無害化する効果を有する元素である。それらの効果を得るために、Ca含有量は0.0005%以上とする。一方、Ca含有量が0.0200%を超えると、鋼素材や鋼板の清浄度が低下して鋼板の靭性が損なわれる。そのため、Ca含有量は0.0005~0.0200%とする。なお、Ca含有量は0.0006%以上が好ましい。Ca含有量は、0.0180%以下が好ましく、0.0150%以下がより一層好ましい。
Oは、延性、靭性を低下させる元素であるため、O含有量を0.01%以下とする。一方、Oは少ないほど好ましいため、O含有量の下限は特に限定されず、0%であってもよい。しかし、Oは不純物として鋼中に不可避的に含有される元素であり、過度の低O化は精錬時間の増加やコストの上昇を招くため、O含有量は0.0005%以上とすることが好ましい。
Nは、延性、靭性を低下させる元素であるため、N含有量を0.01%以下とする。一方、Nは少ないほど好ましいため、N含有量の下限は特に限定されず、0%であってもよい。しかし、Nは不純物として鋼中に不可避的に含有される元素であるため、工業的には0%超であってもよい。なお、過度の低N化は精錬時間の増加やコストの上昇を招くため、N含有量は0.0005%以上とすることが好ましい。
Cu:2.00%以下
Cuは、母材および靭性を大きく劣化させることなく鋼板の強度を向上させることができる元素である。一方、Cu含有量が2.00%を超えると、スケール直下に生成するCu濃化層に起因するスラブや鋼板の熱間割れが問題となる。そのため、Cuを含有する場合、Cu含有量は2.00%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、より一層好ましくは0.01%以上であり、より一層好ましくは1.50%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.15%以上であり、さらに好ましくは1.00%以下である。
Niは、鋼の焼入れ性を高めるとともに、靭性を向上させる効果を有する元素である。一方、Ni含有量が2.50%を超えると製造コストの増加が問題となる。そのため、Niを含有する場合、Ni含有量は2.50%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、より一層好ましくは0.01%以上であり、より一層好ましくは2.00%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.20%以上であり、さらに好ましくは1.70%以下である。
Crは、鋼の焼入れ性を向上させることにより鋼板の強度を向上させることができる元素である。一方、Cr含有量が1.50%を超えると、溶接性が低下する。そのため、Crを含有する場合、Cr含有量は1.50%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、より一層好ましくは0.01%以上であり、より一層好ましくは1.20%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.20%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.80%以下である。
Moは、鋼の焼入れ性を向上させることにより鋼板の強度を向上させることができる元素である。一方、Mo含有量が1.00%を超えると、溶接性が低下する。そのため、Moを含有する場合、Mo含有量は1.00%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、より一層好ましくは0.01%以上であり、より一層好ましくは0.80%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.05%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.60%以下である。
Vは、鋼の焼入れ性の向上とともに、炭窒化物の生成により鋼板の強度を向上させることができる元素である。一方、V含有量が0.30%を超えると、溶接性が低下する。そのため、Vを含有する場合、V含有量は0.30%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、より一層好ましくは0.01%以上であり、より一層好ましくは0.25%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.02%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.08%以下である。
Bは、極微量の添加で焼入れ性を向上させることにより、鋼板の強度を向上させる効果を有する元素である。一方、B含有量が0.0100%を超えると、溶接性が低下する。そのため、Bを含有する場合、B含有量を0.0100%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、より一層好ましくは0.0001%以上であり、より一層好ましくは0.0070%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.0005%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.0040%以下である。
Wは、鋼の焼入れ性を向上させることにより、鋼板の強度を向上させることができる元素である。一方、W含有量が0.50%を超えると、溶接性が低下する。そのため、Wを含有する場合、W含有量を0.50%以下とすることが好ましい。なお、より一層好ましくは0.01%以上であり、より一層好ましくは0.40%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.10%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.35%以下である。
Mgは、高温での安定性が高い酸硫化物を形成することで溶接性を向上させる元素である。一方、Mg含有量が0.0200%を超えると、Mgの添加効果が飽和して含有量に見合う効果が期待できず、経済的に不利となる。そのため、Mgを含有する場合、Mg含有量を0.0200%以下とする。なお、より一層好ましくは0.0001%以上であり、より一層好ましくは0.0180%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.0010%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.0060%以下である。
REM(希土類金属)は、高温での安定性が高い酸硫化物を形成することで溶接性を向上させる元素である。一方、REM含有量が0.0500%を超えると、REMの添加効果が飽和して含有量に見合う効果が期待できず、経済的に不利となる。そのため、REMを含有する場合、REM含有量を0.0500%以下とする。なお、より一層好ましくは0.0001%以上であり、より一層好ましくは0.0450%以下である。さらに好ましくは0.0020%以上であり、さらに好ましくは0.0100%以下である。
下記(1)式で定義されるCeqは、含有元素による焼入れ性を示す指標である。本発明で目的とする高強度組織を得るためには、ある鋼板の冷却速度すなわち板厚に応じた合金添加量を制御する必要があり、Ceqが(0.0004t+0.25)未満であると必要な強度が得られない。一方、Ceqが0.55よりも大きくなると、溶接部組織の強度が高くなりすぎるため、溶接部の耐遅れ破壊特性が低位となる。そのため、0.0004t+0.25≦Ceq≦0.55とした。なお、Ceqは(0.0004t+0.26)以上とすることが好ましく、Ceqは0.51以下とすることが好ましい。より好ましくは(0.0004t+0.27)以上であり、0.50以下である。
Ceq=[C]+[Mn]/6+([Cr]+[Mo]+[V])/5+([Cu]+[Ni])/15・・・(1)
ただし、(1)式における各元素記号は当該元素の含有量(質量%)を表し、当該元素が含有されていない場合は0とする。
本発明の厚鋼板は、上記成分組成を有することに加えて、厚鋼板の板厚中心位置における平均結晶粒径が20μm以下であり、板厚中心偏析部における、Mnの濃度、Pの濃度、Sの濃度が、下記(2)式を満足する鋼組織を有する。そこで、本発明において鋼組織を上記のように限定した理由を以下に説明する。
鋼板の板厚中心位置における鋼組織の結晶粒径が細かくなるほど、板厚中心位置での靱性は向上する。板厚が厚い鋼板において、その効果を得るためには上記した位置の平均結晶粒径を20μm以下とする必要がある。そのため、板厚中心位置の平均結晶粒径を20μm以下とする。なお好ましくは15μm以下である。
[Mn*]+20[P*]+50[S*]≦15・・・(2)
ただし、(2)式における各元素記号は板厚中心偏析部における当該元素の濃度(質量%)を表し、当該元素が含有されていない場合は0とする。
ここでは、板厚中心偏析部における、Mnの濃度([Mn*])、Pの濃度([P*])、Sの濃度([S*])は、後述する実施例に記載の方法で測定することができる。
次に、本発明の一実施形態における厚鋼板の製造方法について説明する。
上述のように、本発明では、鋼板の板厚中心偏析部における遅れ破壊の発生を抑制するため、スラブ鋳造時の凝固速度を適正に制御することが重要である。溶鋼の凝固時の冷却速度を速くすることで、デンドライト間隔が狭くなり、デンドライト間に偏析する合金元素量が低減される。その効果を得るためには、凝固が生じる温度域である1600~1500℃間の平均冷却速度を0.10℃/秒以上にする必要がある。さらに、より大きな耐遅れ破壊特性向上効果を得るには0.15℃/秒以上とするのが好ましい。なお、1600~1500℃の温度域における平均冷却速度の上限は特に限定しないが、製造コストの観点より、2℃/秒以下とするのが好ましい。より好ましくは0.70℃/秒以下とする。上記した平均冷却速度にするため、例えば冷却水の水量を制御することが好ましい。
スラブの加熱温度が1000℃未満になると、スラブ鋳造時にスラブ内部に析出していた粗大NbCが再固溶せずに残存する。これにより、固溶Nbや熱間圧延中に再析出する微細NbCによる未再結晶温度域の低温化効果が得られなくなる。一方、スラブの加熱温度が1200℃を超えると、オーステナイトの粒成長により熱間圧延開始時の結晶粒径が粗大になる。これにより、熱間圧延後の最終組織の粒径も粗大になり、靱性が低下する。そのため、スラブの加熱温度は1000~1200℃の温度とした。好ましくは1020℃以上であり、好ましくは1180℃以下である。
板厚中心位置において、再結晶温度域である(8250[Nb]+770℃)を超える温度域で圧延ひずみを加えることで、オーステナイト粒の再結晶が生じる。これにより、組織の微細化とともに、再結晶の進行に伴う偏析元素の再分配が生じてスラブ鋳造段階で存在していた中心偏析が低減される。そのような効果を得るために、板厚中心位置の温度が(8250[Nb]+770℃)を超える温度域での総圧下率が25%以上となるように圧下を加える必要がある。好ましくは28%以上である。上限は規定しないが、圧延能率の観点から、好ましくは200%以下であり、より好ましくは100%以下である。
板厚中心位置が未再結晶温度域である(8250[Nb]+770℃)~Ar3点の温度範囲における総圧下率が25%以上の圧下を加えることで、板厚中心位置のオーステナイト中に加工ひずみが導入される。これが後述する最終冷却時の変態核として作用することで、靱性が良好な微細組織を得られる。そのため、板厚中心位置の温度が(8250[Nb]+770℃)以下の温度域での総圧下率を25%以上とした。好ましくは30%以上とする。なお、圧延能率の観点から、この温度域での総圧下率は80%以下とすることが好ましく、70%以下とすることがより一層好ましい。
また、Ar3点はフォーマスタ試験などで求めることができる。
上述のように、本発明では、板厚中心位置の温度で700~550℃の温度域における冷却速度を適正に制御することが重要である。
焼戻し温度が650℃より高いと、著しい軟化が生じて必要な強度を確保できなくなる場合がある。そのため、焼戻し温度を650℃以下とすることが好ましい。一方、焼戻し温度の下限は特に限定されないが、200℃以上とすることが好ましい。より一層好ましくは300℃以上であり、より一層好ましくは640℃以下である。なお、焼戻しの時間は、適宜調整可能である。ここでの焼戻し温度は、鋼板表面の温度である。
得られた各厚鋼板から、該鋼板の長手方向および幅方向における中央位置において板厚中心位置の鋼板長手方向断面が評価面となるように、サンプルを採取した。得られたサンプルの表面をコロイダルシリカ仕上で鏡面研磨し、次の条件でEBSP(後方散乱電子線回折法)により測定した。測定領域は板厚方向300μm×板長手方向400μm、測定ステップサイズは1μmとした。得られた結晶方位マップより、隣接する結晶粒との結晶方位差が15°以上となる大角粒界で囲まれた組織の円相当直径を求め、上記測定領域における円相当直径の平均値を平均結晶粒径とした。
得られた各スラブの板厚1/4t位置からフォーマスタ試験片を採取した。フォーマスタ試験では、フォーマスタ試験片を用いて、室温から1000℃まで10℃/秒で加熱した後、1000℃から室温まで0.1℃/秒で冷却した際のAr3点の温度を測定し、評価に用いた。
得られた各厚鋼板から、該鋼板の長手方向および幅方向における中央位置の板厚中心位置において、幅方向の長さが500mm、板厚方向の厚さが3mmの直方体形状のサンプルを切り出した。切り出されたサンプルを、さらに幅方向に20等分となるように切断し、幅方向の長さが25mmの測定用サンプルを20個得た。次いで、この測定用サンプルの圧延方向と直角な面(幅方向の長さ25mm×板厚方向の厚さ3mm)を鏡面研磨した後、鏡面研磨された面を測定面とした。直ちに、この測定面に対して、電子線マイクロアナライザー(EPMA)による検量線法で定量分析を行った。
(EPMA測定条件)
加速電圧:20kV
照射電流:0.5μA
積算時間:0.15秒
ビーム径:15μm
測定範囲:板厚方向の長さ3mm×幅方向の長さ25mm
測定数:20サンプル
得られた各厚鋼板を用いて、該鋼板の長手方向および幅方向の中央位置における板厚中心位置(板厚1/2位置)から、引張試験片の長手方向が鋼板の圧延方向と平行になるように引張試験片を採取した。次いで、引張試験片を用い、JIS Z2241(2011)の規定に準拠した引張試験を行い、降伏強度(YS)、引張強度(TS)を評価した。引張試験片はJIS4号形状のものを使用した。
得られた各厚鋼板を用いて、該鋼板の長手方向および幅方向の中央位置からシャルピー試験片を採取した。シャルピー試験片は、表層下1mmの位置および板厚中心位置(板厚1/2位置)から、シャルピー試験片の長手方向が鋼板の板幅方向と平行になるように採取した。次いで、各シャルピー試験片を用い、JIS Z2242(2018)に準拠したシャルピー衝撃吸収試験を行い、衝撃吸収エネルギーを評価した。シャルピー試験片はVノッチの標準試験片を使用し、-40℃で3本試験した結果の平均値を評価に用いた。
耐遅れ破壊特性の評価は、次に説明する水素チャージ引張試験で行った。
得られた各厚鋼板を用いて、下記条件で溶接継手を作成した。
開先形状:レ開先あるいはK開先
溶接方法:サブマージアーク溶接
溶接材料:PFH-55LT/US-36J
溶接入熱:3.0kJ/mm
予熱温度:150℃
パス間温度:150℃
得られた各溶接継手を用いて、ストレート側の溶接線の板厚中心位置から、平行部の径を5mm、平行部の長さを30mmとしたJIS14A号丸棒引張試験片(JIS Z2241(2011))を試験片の長手方向が溶接方向と平行になるように採取した。さらに、丸棒引張試験片を25℃の10%チオシアン酸アンモニウム水溶液に72時間浸漬させて、水素を丸棒引張試験片に吸収させた。その後、丸棒引張試験片からの水素の放散を防ぐために、ZnCl2、NH4Clからなるめっき浴にて、丸棒引張試験片表面に10~15μm厚さの亜鉛めっきを施した。次いで、得られた丸棒引張試験片を用いて、ひずみ速度1.1×10-5/秒にて引張試験を行い、破断後の絞り率をJIS Z2241(2011)に準拠して測定した。なお、引張試験は各3回ずつ行い、その絞り率の平均値を評価に用いた。また、引張試験片と同条件で水素吸収を行ったサンプルを用い、昇温式水素分析装置にて400℃まで昇温を行った際の総水素放出量(ppm)を測定した。その値は1.4~2.5ppmであった。
Claims (4)
- 質量%で、
C :0.04~0.12%、
Si:0.03~0.70%、
Mn:0.30~2.30%、
P :0.020%以下、
S :0.0050%以下、
Nb:0.005~0.100%、
Ti:0.005~0.100%、
Al:0.001~0.100%、
Ca:0.0005~0.0200%、
O :0.01%以下、および
N :0.01%以下を含み、
残部がFe及び不可避不純物からなり、
下記(1)式で定義されるCeqと板厚t[mm]とが、0.0004t+0.25≦Ceq≦0.55を満足する成分組成を有し、
鋼組織は、板厚中心位置における平均結晶粒径が20μm以下であり、
板厚中心偏析部における、Mnの濃度、Pの濃度、Sの濃度が、下記(2)式を満足する、厚鋼板。
Ceq=[C]+[Mn]/6+([Cr]+[Mo]+[V])/5+([Cu]+[Ni])/15・・・(1)
[Mn*]+20[P*]+50[S*]≦15・・・(2)
ただし、上記(1)式における各元素記号は当該元素の含有量(質量%)を表し、当該元素が含有されていない場合は0とし、上記(2)式における各元素記号は板厚中心偏析部における当該元素の濃度(質量%)を表し、当該元素が含有されていない場合は0とする。 - 前記成分組成が、さらに、質量%で、
Cu:2.00%以下、
Ni:2.50%以下、
Cr:1.50%以下、
Mo:1.00%以下、
V :0.30%以下、
B :0.0100%以下、
W :0.50%以下、
Mg:0.0200%以下、および
REM:0.0500%以下
からなる群より選択される1種または2種以上を含む、請求項1に記載の厚鋼板。 - 請求項1または2に記載の厚鋼板の製造方法であって、
前記成分組成を有するスラブを、連続鋳造時のスラブの板厚中心位置の温度が1600~1500℃の温度域における平均冷却速度を0.10℃/秒以上で製造し、
前記スラブを1000~1200℃の温度に加熱し、
加熱された前記スラブを、板厚中心位置の温度が(8250[Nb]+770℃)を超える温度域の総圧下率を25%以上、かつ(8250[Nb]+770℃)以下の温度域の総圧下率を25%以上で圧下する熱間圧延を行い、
板厚中心位置の温度で700~550℃の温度域における平均冷却速度が、鋼板の板厚をt[mm]としたとき、2500×t-1.7℃/秒以上で冷却する、厚鋼板の製造方法。 - 前記冷却後、さらに、650℃以下の焼戻し温度で焼戻す、請求項3に記載の厚鋼板の製造方法。
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| EP20866677.6A EP4032993B1 (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-09-16 | Thick steel sheet, and method for producing same |
| JP2021507703A JP6923104B1 (ja) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-09-16 | 厚鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| KR1020227008911A KR102863288B1 (ko) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-09-16 | 후강판 및 그의 제조 방법 |
| CN202080065187.7A CN114423878B (zh) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-09-16 | 厚钢板及其制造方法 |
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| JP7468800B2 (ja) | 2022-05-12 | 2024-04-16 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | 鋼板およびその製造方法 |
| EP4484585A4 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2025-07-02 | Jfe Steel Corp | STEEL SHEET AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME |
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| CN114423878A (zh) | 2022-04-29 |
| JP6923104B1 (ja) | 2021-08-18 |
| KR20220047632A (ko) | 2022-04-18 |
| CN114423878B (zh) | 2023-01-17 |
| EP4032993A4 (en) | 2022-07-27 |
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