WO2021065929A1 - 充電ステーション、電池管理システム、及び、充電方法 - Google Patents
充電ステーション、電池管理システム、及び、充電方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021065929A1 WO2021065929A1 PCT/JP2020/036970 JP2020036970W WO2021065929A1 WO 2021065929 A1 WO2021065929 A1 WO 2021065929A1 JP 2020036970 W JP2020036970 W JP 2020036970W WO 2021065929 A1 WO2021065929 A1 WO 2021065929A1
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- Prior art keywords
- storage device
- power storage
- deterioration
- charging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/62—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to charging parameters, e.g. current, voltage or electrical charge
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/65—Monitoring or controlling charging stations involving identification of vehicles or their battery types
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/66—Data transfer between charging stations and vehicles
- B60L53/665—Methods related to measuring, billing or payment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/16—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to battery ageing, e.g. to the number of charging cycles or the state of health [SoH]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
- H02J7/47—Arrangements for checking compatibility or authentication between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/80—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including monitoring or indicating arrangements
- H02J7/84—Control of state of health [SOH]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/933—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2105/00—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2105/30—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles
- H02J2105/33—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles
- H02J2105/37—Networks for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by their spatial reach or by the load the load networks being external to vehicles, i.e. exchanging power with vehicles exchanging power with road vehicles exchanging power with electric vehicles [EV] or with hybrid electric vehicles [HEV]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/16—Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a charging station for detecting fraud and deterioration of a power storage device mounted on an electric vehicle, a battery management system, and a charging method.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method of detecting an illegal power storage device in which a genuine encryption module is illegally introduced.
- Patent Document 1 has a problem that the available electric power of the power storage device cannot be maintained above a certain amount.
- the charging station is a charging station that charges a power storage device, and is an authentication unit that performs mutual authentication with the power storage device connected for charging.
- An acquisition unit that acquires the degree of deterioration of the power storage device from a power storage device whose validity has been confirmed by mutual authentication, and a memory having tamper resistance that stores the degree of deterioration acquired by the acquisition unit.
- a control unit that does not charge the power storage device is provided.
- the battery management system is a battery management system including a power storage device and a charging station, and the power storage device mutually authenticates with the charging station connected for charging.
- the first authentication unit that performs the above operation, the first memory having tamper resistance that stores the degree of deterioration related to the deterioration of the power storage device, and the degree of deterioration stored in the first memory are stored in the charging station.
- the charging station includes a transmission unit for transmitting, and the charging station is provided with a second authentication unit that performs mutual authentication between the power storage device connected for charging, and a power storage device whose validity has been confirmed in the mutual authentication.
- a second acquisition unit that acquires the degree of deterioration related to the deterioration of the power storage device, a second memory having tamper resistance that stores the degree of deterioration acquired by the second acquisition unit, and the second memory.
- a control unit that does not charge the power storage device is provided.
- the charging method is a charging method by a charging station that charges a power storage device, and mutual authentication is performed with the power storage device connected to the charging station for charging.
- the degree of deterioration related to the deterioration of the power storage device is acquired from the power storage device whose validity has been confirmed in the mutual authentication, and the acquired degree of deterioration is stored in the tamper-resistant memory provided in the charging station, and the power storage is performed.
- the degree of deterioration of the device indicates that the deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value, the power storage device is not charged.
- the amount of available electric power of the power storage device can be maintained above a certain amount.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the battery management system according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the vehicle management unit according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power storage device according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the charging station according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the server according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the charging process according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the authentication process between the power storage device and the electric vehicle according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a sequence diagram showing an example of battery ID notification processing according to the embodiment.
- a replaceable power storage device having a secondary battery is used as a power source for the electric vehicle, and a service for replacing the power storage device is known.
- a plurality of power storage devices are charged at the same time at the charging station, and the charged power storage devices are provided to the user at any time.
- the user replaces the low battery power storage device with another charged power storage device at the charging station.
- the user can continue running the electric vehicle simply by replacing the power storage device without considering the charging time of the power storage device, and can expect an extension of the mileage.
- Illegal batteries are detected by determining whether or not there are multiple connection information corresponding to the same identification information using the charge / discharge information associated with the connection information related to the charge / discharge device obtained when the battery is charged. The method of doing so is disclosed.
- the secondary battery of the power storage device deteriorates depending on the usage conditions (hereinafter, the deterioration of the secondary battery of the power storage device is simply referred to as the power storage device. (Called deterioration). At this time, if the usage history including the usage status of the power storage device is falsified, the deterioration of the power storage device cannot be detected. Therefore, in the service of exchanging the power storage device, many deteriorated power storage devices are distributed.
- the charging station is a charging station that charges a power storage device, and has a correctness in mutual authentication with an authentication unit that performs mutual authentication with the power storage device connected for charging.
- An acquisition unit that acquires the degree of deterioration of the power storage device from the confirmed power storage device, a memory having tamper resistance that stores the degree of deterioration acquired by the acquisition unit, and a memory that is stored in the memory.
- a control unit that does not charge the power storage device is provided.
- the charging station acquires the degree of deterioration of the power storage device from the power storage device whose validity has been confirmed by performing mutual authentication, and indicates that the degree of deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value. If so, do not charge the power storage device. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the deteriorating power storage device from being used and distributed. As a result, the amount of available electric power of the power storage device can be maintained above a certain amount.
- control unit may charge the power storage device when it does not indicate that the deterioration degree of the power storage device is more than the predetermined threshold value.
- the degree of deterioration may be at least one of the number of times of charging, the amount of charging, and SOH (State Of Health).
- the degree of deterioration of the power storage device can be determined according to the number of times of charging, the amount of charging, and SOH (State Of Health).
- the acquisition unit further acquires the identifier of the power storage device and the control unit indicates that the deterioration degree of the power storage device is more than the predetermined threshold value, the power storage device of the power storage device is deteriorated.
- the identifier may be sent to the management device.
- the acquisition unit may further acquire the identifier of the power storage device, and the control unit may transmit the identifier of the power storage device whose validity has not been confirmed in the mutual authentication to the management device.
- the degree of deterioration is the number of times of charging, and when the power storage device is charged, the control unit manages a new number of times of charging by adding 1 to the number of times of charging of the power storage device stored in the memory. May be sent to.
- the battery management system is a battery management system including a power storage device and a charging station, and the power storage device mutually authenticates with the charging station connected for charging.
- the first authentication unit that performs the above operation, the first memory having tamper resistance that stores the degree of deterioration related to the deterioration of the power storage device, and the degree of deterioration stored in the first memory are stored in the charging station.
- the charging station includes a transmission unit for transmitting, and the charging station is provided with a second authentication unit that performs mutual authentication between the power storage device connected for charging, and a power storage device whose validity has been confirmed in the mutual authentication.
- a second acquisition unit that acquires the degree of deterioration related to the deterioration of the power storage device, a second memory having tamper resistance that stores the degree of deterioration acquired by the second acquisition unit, and the second memory.
- a control unit that does not charge the power storage device is provided.
- the battery ID of another power storage device can be transmitted to the charging station via a legitimate power storage device.
- the first authentication unit further performs mutual authentication with the electric vehicle to which the power storage device is connected, and the power storage device is further different from the power storage device from the electric vehicle.
- the first memory includes an identifier of the other power storage device acquired by the first acquisition unit, and the transmission unit is stored in the first memory. The identifier of the other power storage device may be transmitted to the charging station connected for charging.
- the charging station acquires the degree of deterioration of the power storage device from the power storage device whose validity has been confirmed by performing mutual authentication, and indicates that the degree of deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value. If so, do not charge the power storage device. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the deteriorating power storage device from being used and distributed. As a result, the amount of available electric power of the power storage device can be maintained above a certain amount.
- the charging method is a charging method by a charging station that charges a power storage device, and mutual authentication is performed with the power storage device connected to the charging station for charging.
- the degree of deterioration related to the deterioration of the power storage device is acquired from the power storage device whose validity has been confirmed in the mutual authentication, and the acquired degree of deterioration is stored in the tamper-resistant memory provided in the charging station, and the power storage is performed.
- the degree of deterioration of the device indicates that the deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value, the power storage device is not charged.
- the charging station acquires the degree of deterioration of the power storage device stored in the first memory having tamper resistance from the power storage device whose validity has been confirmed by performing mutual authentication, and the degree of deterioration. If indicates that the deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value, the power storage device is not charged. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not to charge the power storage device using the degree of deterioration that has not been tampered with. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the deteriorating power storage device from being used and distributed. As a result, the amount of available electric power of the power storage device can be maintained above a certain amount.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the battery management system according to the embodiment.
- the battery management system 100 includes a power storage device 120, an electric vehicle 10 operated by the electric power of the power storage device 120, and a charging station 20 for charging the power storage device 120.
- the battery management system 100 may further include a server 30, a charging facility 40, and a communication network 50.
- the charging station 20 and the server 30 are communicably connected to each other via the communication network 50.
- the communication network 50 may be a general-purpose network such as the Internet or a dedicated network.
- the communication network 50 is a mobile communication such as, for example, a 3rd generation mobile communication system (3G), a 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), a 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), or LTE (registered trademark). It may include a system.
- 3G 3rd generation mobile communication system
- 4G 4th generation mobile communication system
- 5G 5th generation mobile communication system
- LTE registered trademark
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the overall configuration of the electric vehicle according to the embodiment.
- the electric vehicle 10 includes a vehicle management unit 110, a communication unit 130, and a connection unit 140.
- the vehicle management unit 110 is a processing unit that controls the operation of the electric vehicle 10. The specific configuration of the vehicle management unit 110 will be described later with reference to FIG.
- the vehicle management unit 110 is realized by, for example, a control circuit including a processor and a memory.
- the communication unit 130 may be communicably connected to the server 30 via the communication network 50, or may be communicably connected to another device via the communication network 50. Further, the communication unit 130 may be connected so as to be able to directly communicate with another device.
- the communication interface that realizes the communication unit 130 may be any communication interface that can be connected to the communication network 50.
- the communication interface is a communication interface that communicates with the communication network 50 by communicating with the base station of the mobile communication system.
- the communication interface is, for example, a mobile communication system such as a 3rd generation mobile communication system (3G), a 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), a 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), or LTE (registered trademark). It may be a wireless communication interface conforming to the communication standard used in.
- the communication interface may be, for example, a wireless LAN (Local Area Network) interface conforming to the IEEE802.11a, b, g, n, ac standard, and may be a router (for example, a mobile wireless LAN router) not shown. It may be a communication interface that communicates with the communication network 50 by a communication connection.
- the communication interface that realizes the communication unit 130 may be included in the control circuit that realizes the vehicle management unit 110.
- the connection unit 140 is connected to the power storage device 120 and receives power from the power storage device 120.
- the electric power from the power storage device 120 is supplied to an actuator (for example, a motor) that generates power of the electric vehicle 10, a control circuit that realizes the vehicle management unit 110, a communication interface that realizes the communication unit 130, and the like.
- the connection unit 140 receives the battery information which is the information of the power storage device 120 from the power storage device 120.
- the connection unit 140 is connected to the power terminal of the power storage device 120, is connected to a power receiving terminal (not shown) for receiving power supply from the power storage device 120, and is connected to a communication terminal of the power storage device 120, and is connected to the power storage device. It has a communication terminal (not shown) for receiving battery information which is information of the power storage device 120 from 120.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the vehicle management unit according to the embodiment.
- the vehicle management unit 110 includes an authentication unit 1101, a control unit 1102, a charge management unit 1103, and a recording unit 1104.
- the authentication unit 1101 authenticates the power storage device 120 connected to the connection unit 140.
- the authentication unit 1101 has a security chip that holds an encryption key or a certificate used for authentication.
- the security chip has tamper resistance to prevent falsification and leakage of the encrypted key or certificate it holds.
- the authentication unit 1101 does not have to have a security chip that holds an encryption key or a certificate.
- the vehicle management unit 110 may have the security chip.
- the authentication unit 1101 that does not have a security chip holds an encrypted encryption key or certificate.
- the authentication unit 1101 may decrypt the encrypted encryption key or certificate in the security chip of the vehicle management unit 110, and perform authentication using the decrypted encryption key or certificate.
- the authentication unit 1101 authenticates the power storage device 120, and if the power storage device 120 connected to the connection unit 140 is illegal as a result of the authentication, the ID of the illegal power storage device 120 (hereinafter referred to as a battery ID) is recorded. Output to 1104.
- the battery ID is an example of an identifier that identifies the power storage device 120.
- the authentication unit 1101 notifies the server 30 of the illegal battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 connected to the connection unit 140.
- the authentication unit 1101 may perform mutual authentication with the power storage device 120 using, for example, TLS (Transport Layer Security).
- the control unit 1102 controls the operation of the electric vehicle 10.
- the control unit 1102 controls the operation of the actuator that generates the power of the electric vehicle 10 in response to the operation by the user of the electric vehicle 10.
- the control unit 1102 controls the operation related to the running of the electric vehicle 10 according to the operation of the user.
- the charge management unit 1103 controls the charge of the power storage device 120 connected to the connection unit 140.
- the charge management unit 1103 charges the power storage device 120 connected to the connection unit 140 of the electric vehicle 10 with the electric power from the power source.
- the power source may be, for example, the charging equipment 40 or a household outlet.
- the recording unit 1104 manages an illegal battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120.
- the recording unit 1104 stores an illegal battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120, and every time the illegal power storage device 120 is connected to the connection unit 140, the illegal power storage device 120 connected to the connection unit 140 is illegal. By storing the battery ID, the illegal battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 is managed.
- the recording unit 1104 may store the invalid battery ID and the date and time when the illegal power storage device 120 having the invalid battery ID is connected to the connection unit 140 in association with each other.
- the recording unit 1104 may be a security chip (memory) having tamper resistance.
- the authentication unit 1101 and the recording unit 1104 perform processing for managing the battery ID of the unauthorized power storage device 120.
- the authentication unit 1101 and the recording unit 1104 may perform not only a process for managing the battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 but also a process for managing the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120.
- the authentication unit 1101 When managing the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120, the authentication unit 1101 further records the legitimate battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120 in the recording unit 1104 when the legitimate power storage device 120 is connected to the connection unit 140. Output.
- the authentication unit 1101 notifies the server 30 of the legitimate battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120 connected to the connection section 140.
- the authentication unit 1101 further associates an identifier indicating whether the battery ID is invalid or normal with each battery ID. Output.
- the recording unit 1104 further manages the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120. That is, the recording unit 1104 manages the battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 and the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120.
- the recording unit 1104 stores the battery IDs of all the power storage devices 120 connected to the connection unit 140 regardless of whether the power storage device 120 is illegal, and the connection unit 140 is connected each time the power storage device 120 is connected to the connection unit 140.
- the battery ID of the connected power storage device 120 is stored.
- the recording unit 1104 further stores an identifier indicating whether the battery ID is invalid or normal in order to distinguish the battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 from the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120. As a result, the recording unit 1104 manages the battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 and the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the power storage device according to the embodiment.
- the power storage device 120 includes an authentication unit 1201, a measurement unit 1202, a control unit 1203, a recording unit 1204, and a communication unit 1205.
- the authentication unit 1201 authenticates the vehicle management unit 110 connected to supply the electric power stored in the power storage device 120, or the charging station 20 connected to charge the power storage device 120.
- the authentication unit 1201 has a security chip that holds an encryption key or a certificate used for authentication.
- the security chip has tamper resistance to prevent falsification and leakage of the encrypted key or certificate it holds.
- the authentication unit 1201 does not have to have a security chip that holds an encryption key or a certificate.
- the power storage device 120 may have the security chip.
- the authentication unit 1201 which does not have a security chip holds an encrypted encryption key or certificate.
- the authentication unit 1201 may decrypt the encrypted encryption key or certificate in the security chip of the power storage device 120, and perform authentication using the decrypted encryption key or certificate.
- the authentication unit 1201 authenticates the electric vehicle 10 or the charging station 20 each time it is connected, and as a result of the authentication, if the connected electric vehicle 10 is illegal, or the connected charging station 20 is illegal. If there is, the ID of the illegal electric vehicle 10 (hereinafter referred to as the vehicle ID) or the ID of the illegal charging station 20 (hereinafter referred to as the station ID) is recorded in the recording unit 1204.
- the authentication unit 1201 may perform mutual authentication with the electric vehicle 10 or the charging station 20 using TLS, for example.
- the measuring unit 1202 measures the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120.
- the measuring unit 1202 may measure the degree of deterioration at regular intervals, or may measure the degree of deterioration each time it is connected to the electric vehicle 10 or the charging station 20.
- the degree of deterioration is, for example, at least one of the number of times the power storage device 120 is charged, the amount of charge of the power storage device 120, and the SOH (State Of Health) of the power storage device 120.
- the charge amount of the power storage device 120 may be the charge amount for each time or the cumulative charge amount. As for the number of charges and the amount of charges, the larger the number, the more the degree of deterioration is. The smaller the number of SOH, the more advanced the degree of deterioration.
- the control unit 1203 controls the charging and discharging of the power storage device 120.
- the recording unit 1204 stores the degree of deterioration measured by the measuring unit 1202.
- the recording unit 1204 may store the degree of deterioration and the date and time when the degree of deterioration was measured in association with each other.
- the recording unit 1204 may have a security chip (memory) having tamper resistance so that the stored deterioration degree cannot be tampered with.
- the communication unit 1205 is connected to the connection unit 140 of the electric vehicle 10 so as to be able to communicate with the electric vehicle 10. Similarly, the communication unit 1205 is connected to the charging station 20 for charging so as to be communicable with the charging station 20.
- FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the charging station according to the embodiment.
- the charging station 20 includes a user authentication unit 201, a battery authentication unit 202, a control unit 203, a recording unit 204, and a communication unit 205.
- the user authentication unit 201 authenticates the user who uses the charging station 20.
- the user authentication unit 201 may perform password authentication using the user ID and password by acquiring the user ID and password from an input interface (not shown).
- password authentication the user authentication unit 201 authenticates the user by collating the user ID and password registered in advance with the user ID and password acquired from the input interface.
- the user ID and password registered in advance are examples of user information.
- the user authentication unit 201 may authenticate using the membership card owned by the user.
- the user authentication unit 201 authenticates the user by collating the information of the membership card registered in advance with the information of the membership card read by the input interface.
- the pre-registered membership card information is an example of user information.
- the user authentication unit 201 may perform biometric authentication on the user.
- biometric authentication for example, face authentication or iris authentication using an input interface such as a camera may be performed.
- biometric authentication the user authentication unit 201 authenticates the user by collating the biometric information of the user registered in advance with the biometric information of the user read by the input interface.
- the biometric information of the user registered in advance is an example of the user information.
- the user authentication unit 201 may use a conventional authentication method in addition to the above authentication method.
- the user authentication unit 201 may acquire pre-registered user information used for user authentication from the server 30.
- the user authentication unit 201 may transmit the user information acquired from the input interface at the time of authentication to the server 30 and acquire the result of the authentication process performed by the server 30.
- the battery authentication unit 202 authenticates the power storage device 120 stored in the charging station 20 and connected for charging.
- the battery authentication unit 202 has a security chip that holds an encryption key or a certificate used for authentication.
- the security chip has tamper resistance to prevent falsification and leakage of the encrypted key and certificate it holds.
- the battery authentication unit 202 does not have to have a security chip that holds an encryption key or a certificate.
- the charging station 20 may have the security chip.
- the battery authentication unit 202 which does not have a security chip, holds an encrypted encryption key or certificate.
- the battery authentication unit 202 may decrypt the encrypted encryption key or certificate in the security chip of the charging station 20, and perform authentication using the decrypted encryption key or certificate.
- the battery authentication unit 202 notifies the server 30 of the number of times of charging when the authentication of the secondary battery is successful and the charging is completed.
- the battery authentication unit 202 may perform mutual authentication with the power storage device 120 connected for charging, for example, using TLS.
- the communication unit 205 makes a communication connection with the power storage device 120 connected for charging, and acquires battery information about the power storage device 120 from the power storage device 120.
- the battery information includes at least one of the battery ID and the degree of deterioration.
- the communication unit 205 acquires the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120 from the power storage device 120 whose validity has been confirmed. You may.
- the communication unit 205 is an example of an acquisition unit.
- the control unit 203 controls the charging of the power storage device 120 stored in the charging station 20 and connected for charging.
- the control unit 203 when the user authentication unit 201 succeeds in authenticating the user and the battery authentication unit 202 succeeds in authenticating the power storage device 120, that is, the user is a legitimate user and the power storage device 120 If it is a legitimate power storage device 120, the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120 is determined.
- the control unit 203 when the user authentication unit 201 fails to authenticate the user and the battery authentication unit 202 fails to authenticate the power storage device 120, that is, the user is an unauthorized user or the power storage device 120 If is an illegal power storage device 120, the power storage device 120 is not charged. That is, in this case, the control unit 203 prohibits charging of the power storage device 120.
- the control unit 203 determines the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120. That is, the control unit 203 determines whether or not the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120 has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value. Then, the control unit 203 does not charge the power storage device 120 when the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120 indicates that the deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value. That is, in this case, the control unit 203 prohibits charging of the power storage device 120. Further, the control unit 203 charges the power storage device 120 when the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120 does not indicate that the deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value. That is, the control unit 203 does not charge the power storage device 120 that has deteriorated more than the predetermined degree of deterioration, but charges the power storage device 120 that has not deteriorated more than the predetermined degree of deterioration.
- the control unit 203 determines whether or not the number of times of charging is larger than the predetermined number of times of charging as a predetermined threshold value. The control unit 203 determines that the deterioration degree of the power storage device 120 is more advanced than the predetermined deterioration degree when the number of times of charging is more than the predetermined number of times of charging, and when the number of times of charging is less than or equal to the predetermined number of times of charging, the power storage It is determined that the degree of deterioration of the device 120 has not progressed more than the predetermined degree of deterioration.
- the control unit 203 determines whether or not the charge amount is larger than the predetermined charge amount as a predetermined threshold value. The control unit 203 determines that the deterioration degree of the power storage device 120 is more advanced than the predetermined deterioration degree when the charge amount is larger than the predetermined charge amount, and stores electricity when the charge amount is less than or equal to the predetermined charge amount. It is determined that the degree of deterioration of the device 120 has not progressed more than the predetermined degree of deterioration.
- the control unit 203 determines whether or not the SOH is smaller than the predetermined SOH as a predetermined threshold value.
- the control unit 203 determines that the deterioration degree of the power storage device 120 is more advanced than the predetermined deterioration degree, and when the SOH is less than or equal to the predetermined SOH, the deterioration degree of the power storage device 120 is deteriorated. It is determined that the degree of deterioration has not progressed more than the predetermined degree of deterioration.
- control unit 203 may transmit the battery ID of the power storage device 120 whose validity has not been confirmed by mutual authentication, that is, the battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 to the server 30 via the communication unit 205. .. Further, when the control unit 203 indicates that the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120 is higher than a predetermined threshold value, the control unit 203 may transmit the battery ID of the power storage device 120 to the server 30 via the communication unit 205. ..
- the recording unit 204 stores the battery ID of the power storage device 120 connected to the charging station 20 for charging.
- the recording unit 204 stores the battery IDs of all the power storage devices 120 connected for charging, and stores the battery IDs of the connected power storage devices 120 each time the power storage device 120 is connected.
- the recording unit 204 may store the battery ID and the date and time when the power storage device 120 having the battery ID is connected to the charging station in association with each other.
- the recording unit 204 may further store an identifier indicating whether the battery ID is invalid or normal in order to distinguish the battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 from the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120.
- the recording unit 204 manages the battery ID of the illegal power storage device 120 and the battery ID of the legitimate power storage device 120.
- the recording unit 204 may be a security chip (memory) having tamper resistance.
- the recording unit 204 may store the degree of deterioration of the power storage device 120 acquired from the power storage device 120. Further, when the recording unit 204 acquires the degree of deterioration corresponding to the battery ID of the power storage device 120 connected to the charging station 20 from the server 30, the recording unit 204 stores the battery ID and the acquired degree of deterioration in association with each other.
- FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of the server according to the embodiment.
- the server 30 includes a user management unit 301, a battery management unit 302, an encryption key management unit 303, a recording unit 304, and a communication unit 305.
- the server 30 is an example of a management device.
- the user management unit 301 manages the user information of the user who is the target of providing the service.
- the user management unit 301 acquires user information from the user in advance by causing the user to register the user information at the start of using the service, and uses the acquired user information for authentication.
- the user information managed by the user management unit 301 may be, for example, the user's ID and password, the information of the membership card held by the user, or the face used for face authentication, as described above. It may be biological information such as an image feature amount and an iris image feature amount used for iris recognition.
- the battery management unit 302 manages the power storage device 120.
- the battery management unit 302 stores the battery IDs of the plurality of power storage devices 120 that have been shipped. For example, when the battery management unit 302 detects a plurality of the same battery IDs of the power storage device 120 connected to the charging station 20 acquired by the communication unit 305, the battery IDs of the power storage devices 120 having the same battery ID are plurality of. May be detected as an invalid battery ID.
- the battery management unit 302 stores the detected invalid battery ID in the recording unit 304 as an invalid battery ID.
- the battery management unit 302 updates the identification information associated with the battery ID stored in the recording unit 304 from the identification information indicating that it is valid to the identification information indicating that it is invalid. Further, the battery management unit 302 indicates that the invalid battery ID acquired from the charging station 20 by the communication unit 305 and the identification information associated with the same battery ID in the recording unit 304 are valid. Update to the identification information indicating that it is illegal.
- the encryption key management unit 303 manages the encryption key stored in the electric vehicle 10, the power storage device 120, and the charging station 20.
- the encryption key management unit 303 stores, for example, the IDs of the electric vehicle 10, the power storage device 120, and the charging station 20 in association with the encryption key associated with these IDs in the recording unit 304. ..
- the encryption key management unit 303 manages the encryption key by issuing or invalidating the encryption key. Specifically, the encryption key management unit 303 manages the encryption key by storing the encryption key in the recording unit 304 in association with the identification information indicating whether the encryption key is valid or invalid. Do.
- the encryption key may be issued by a third party or the server 30. The issued encryption key is sent to the manufacturer of each electric vehicle, the manufacturer of the secondary battery, and the charging station 20, and is stored in each of the electric vehicle 10, the power storage device 120, and the charging station 20.
- the recording unit 304 stores the battery ID of the power storage device 120 and the encryption key or certificate issued to the power storage device 120. Further, the recording unit 304 stores the vehicle ID of the electric vehicle 10 and the encryption key or certificate issued to the electric vehicle 10. Further, the recording unit 304 stores the station ID of the charging station 20 and the encryption key or certificate issued to the charging station 20.
- the charging equipment 40 charges the power storage device 120 removed from the electric vehicle 10 or charges the power storage device 120 mounted on the electric vehicle 10 via a charging device attached to the electric vehicle 10.
- the power storage device 120 may record the degree of deterioration or information on the charging equipment 40 that has charged the power storage device 120 in the recording unit 1104.
- Information on the charging equipment 40 includes the location where the charging equipment 40 is installed, the date and time when the power storage device 120 was charged, the charging time required for charging the power storage device 120, and the charging of the power storage device 120 as quick charging or low speed charging. It may include information indicating the above.
- the power storage device 120 may store the position information of the electric vehicle 10 or the power storage device as information of the charging equipment 40 at the time of charging. ..
- the charging equipment 40 may stop charging the power storage device 120.
- the abnormal charging may be, for example, charging at a voltage higher than a predetermined voltage, charging at a current higher than a predetermined current, or lower than a predetermined temperature (air temperature). It may be charged at temperature.
- FIG. 7 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the charging process according to the embodiment.
- Step S101 The charging station 20 authenticates the user who has come to replace the power storage device 120.
- the charging station 20 determines that the user is a legitimate user, the charging station 20 unlocks the door of the charging space in which the power storage device 120 that has already been charged is placed, and the door opens. To give permission.
- the user replaces the power storage device 120 that is placed in the charging space where the door is unlocked and has already been charged with the power storage device 120 used in the electric vehicle 10. be able to.
- Step S102 When the user stores the power storage device 120 used in the electric vehicle 10 in the charging station 20, the charging station 20 and the power storage device 120 are charged with the power storage device 120 newly placed in the charging space. Mutual authentication processing is performed between the station 20 and the station 20.
- Step S103 The power storage device 120 determines whether or not the authentication with the charging station 20 is successful.
- Step S104 When the authentication with the charging station 20 is not successful (No in S103), the power storage device 120 stores the station ID of the charging station 20 in which the authentication is not successful, and ends without charging. ..
- Step S105 The charging station 20 determines whether or not the authentication with the power storage device 120 is successful.
- Step S106 When the authentication with the power storage device 120 is not successful (No in S105), the charging station 20 transmits the battery ID of the power storage device 120 for which the authentication is not successful to the server 30, and the power storage device 120 It ends without charging.
- Step S107 When the authentication with the charging station 20 is successful (Yes in S103), the power storage device 120 notifies the charging station 20 of the degree of deterioration stored in the recording unit 1204.
- the number of times of charging described below can be read as the degree of deterioration, or can be read as an example of the degree of deterioration other than the number of times of charging.
- Step S108 When the authentication with the power storage device 120 is successful (Yes in S105), the charging station 20 may inquire the server 30 about the number of times of charging based on the battery ID of the power storage device 120 and acquire the charging station 20.
- Step S109 When the server 30 acquires the battery ID from the charging station 20, it notifies the number of times of charging of the corresponding power storage device 120.
- Step S110 The charging station 20 verifies whether there is a contradiction in the number of charges from the acquired number of charges and whether the number of charges is equal to or less than the threshold value.
- Step S111 When the number of times of charging exceeds the threshold value (No in S110), the charging station 20 notifies the server 30 of the battery ID and ends without charging the power storage device 120.
- Step S112 When the number of charging times is equal to or less than the threshold value (Yes in S110), the charging station 20 starts charging the power storage device 120.
- Step S113 After the charging of the power storage device 120 is completed, the power storage device 120 is updated to a new number of times of charging by adding 1 to the number of times of charging of the power storage device 120 stored in the recording unit 1204.
- Step S114 After the charging of the power storage device 120 is completed, the charging station 20 updates the number of times of charging of the power storage device 120 acquired from the power storage device 120 to a new number of charges, and transfers the new number of charges to the server 30. Send.
- Step S115 When the server 30 acquires a new number of charges of the power storage device 120 from the charging station 20, the server 30 stores the number of times the power storage device 120 has been charged. The server 30 may update the number of charges stored in association with the battery ID of the power storage device 120 to the newly acquired number of charges.
- step S107 and step S108 and step S109 may be omitted.
- FIG. 8 is a sequence diagram showing an example of the authentication process between the power storage device and the electric vehicle according to the embodiment.
- Step S201 The power storage device 120 and the electric vehicle 10 detect that the power storage device 120 is attached to the connection portion 140 of the electric vehicle 10.
- the power storage device 120 may detect that it is connected to the connection portion 140 of the electric vehicle by detecting that the electric power is supplied to the electric vehicle 10.
- the electric vehicle 10 may detect that it is connected to the connection portion 140 of the electric vehicle by detecting that the electric power is supplied from the power storage device 120.
- Step S202 Mutual authentication is performed between the power storage device 120 and the electric vehicle 10.
- Step S203 The power storage device 120 determines whether or not the authentication with the electric vehicle 10 is successful.
- Step S204 When the authentication with the electric vehicle 10 is not successful (No in S203), the power storage device 120 determines that the electric vehicle 10 for which the authentication is not successful is an illegal electric vehicle, and determines that the vehicle of the electric vehicle 10 is an illegal electric vehicle. The ID is stored, and the process ends without permitting the discharge to the electric vehicle 10 side.
- Step S205 The electric vehicle 10 determines whether or not the authentication with the power storage device 120 is successful.
- Step S206 When the authentication with the power storage device 120 is not successful (No in S205), the electric vehicle 10 determines that the mounted power storage device 120 is an illegal power storage device and stores the battery ID of the power storage device 120. Then, the process is completed without starting the electric vehicle 10.
- Step S207 When the authentication with the power storage device 120 is successful (Yes in S205), the electric vehicle 10 determines whether or not the electric vehicle 10 is connected to the communication network 50. That is, the electric vehicle 10 determines whether or not there is a network connection.
- Step S208 When the electric vehicle 10 determines that it is connected to the communication network 50 (Yes in S207), the electric vehicle 10 transmits an invalid battery ID stored in the electric vehicle 10 to the server 30.
- Step S209 When the server 30 acquires the battery ID from the electric vehicle 10, the server 30 stores the acquired battery ID.
- Step S210 When the electric vehicle 10 determines that it is not connected to the communication network 50 (No in S207), the power storage device 120 that has been successfully authenticated is charged with an invalid battery ID stored in the electric vehicle 10 so far. Send.
- Step S211 When the power storage device 120 receives an invalid battery ID from the electric vehicle 10 when the authentication with the electric vehicle 10 is successful (Yes in S203), the power storage device 120 stores the received invalid battery ID.
- FIG. 9 is a sequence showing an example of battery ID notification processing according to the embodiment.
- Step S301 Since the charging process between the power storage device 120 and the charging station 20 is the same as the charging process from step S101 to step S115, the description thereof is omitted here. The process performed when the authentication process between the power storage device 120 and the charging station 20 is successful will be described below.
- Step S302 The power storage device 120 determines whether or not an invalid battery ID is stored. When the power storage device 120 does not store an invalid battery ID (No in S302), the power storage device 120 ends the notification process.
- Step S303 When the power storage device 120 stores an invalid battery ID (Yes in S302), the power storage device 120 transmits the stored invalid battery ID to the charging station 20.
- Step S304 When the charging station 20 acquires an invalid battery ID from the power storage device 120, the charging station 20 transmits the acquired battery ID to the server 30.
- Step S305 When the server 30 acquires an invalid battery ID from the charging station 20, it stores the invalid battery ID.
- an unauthorized battery can be eliminated by mutual authentication between the power storage device 120 and the charging station 20 or mutual authentication between the power storage device 120 and the electric vehicle 10. Further, by recording the number of times the power storage device is charged at the power storage device 120 or the charging station 20, it is possible to detect whether or not the power storage device 120 has deteriorated. Further, by recording the number of times of charging on the security chip, falsification of the number of times of charging can be prevented and the number of times of charging can be guaranteed. Further, when the illegal power storage device 120 is detected, even if the electric vehicle 10 is not connected to the communication network 50, the illegal power storage device 120 is transmitted to the illegal battery ID server 30 via the regular battery, so that the illegal power storage device 120 is detected. Can be eliminated.
- the charging station acquires the degree of deterioration of the power storage device stored in the first memory having tamper resistance from the power storage device whose validity has been confirmed by performing mutual authentication. If the degree of deterioration indicates that the deterioration has progressed beyond a predetermined threshold value, the power storage device is not charged. Therefore, it is possible to appropriately determine whether or not to charge the power storage device using the degree of deterioration that has not been tampered with. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the deteriorating power storage device from being used and distributed. As a result, the amount of available electric power of the power storage device can be maintained above a certain amount.
- the electric vehicle 10 stores the battery ID in step S206, but when the battery ID is stored, the same determination as in step S207 may be made. As a result of the determination in this case, in the case of Yes, step S208 may be performed, and in the case of No, the process may be terminated.
- the power storage device 120 notifies the charging station 20 of the number of times of charging, but the charge / discharge history of the power storage device 120 and the sensor information acquired by the electric vehicle 10 are recorded. May be sent.
- the sensor information acquired by the electric vehicle 10 may be transmitted and received between the power storage device 120 and the electric vehicle 10 at the time of mutual authentication between the power storage device 120 and the electric vehicle 10.
- the charging station 20 may transmit the information acquired from the power storage device 120 to the server 30.
- the electric vehicle 10 and the power storage device 120 perform mutual authentication, but when the electric vehicle 10 is connected to the communication network 50, is the power storage device 120 fraudulent or deteriorated? You may ask the server 30 whether or not.
- the electric vehicle 10 and the power storage device 120 perform mutual authentication when the power storage device 120 is attached, but this mutual authentication may be executed when the electric vehicle 10 is started. Further, the electric vehicle 10 may execute this mutual authentication at the time of charging in the charging equipment 40.
- the electric vehicle 10 and the power storage device 120 perform mutual authentication, but if the authentication is not successful, the electric power from the power storage device 120 may not be supplied to the electric vehicle 10. Good.
- the battery ID, the station ID of the charging station 20, and the vehicle ID of the electric vehicle 10 may be the ID described in the encryption key certificate.
- the electric vehicle 10 may authenticate the user who operates the electric vehicle 10. At this time, the electric vehicle 10 may acquire the user information from the server 30, or may transmit the user information to the server 30, have the server 30 authenticate the user, and acquire the authentication result from the server 30. Good.
- the server 30 manages the issuance and invalidation of the encryption key and the certificate, but a third party may issue the encryption key and the certificate.
- the charging station 20 acquires the number of charges of the electricity storage device 120 from the electricity storage device 120 and the server 30, but at this time, the number of charges acquired from the server 30 and the electricity storage device 120 are used.
- the difference between the acquired number of times of charging and the amount of charging is equal to or greater than the threshold value, it may be determined that the power storage device 120 is illegally charged.
- the threshold value may be 1 or more.
- the charging station 20 acquires the number of times of charging from the power storage device 120 and the number of times of charging of the power storage device 120 from the server 30 after the determination of Yes in step S105.
- the charging station 20 may further determine whether or not the number of charges acquired from the power storage device 120 and the number of charges of the power storage device 120 acquired from the server 30 match. If the number of times of charging obtained from the power storage device 120 and the number of times of charging of the power storage device 120 acquired from the server 30 do not match, the charging station 20 may not charge the power storage device 120.
- the charging station 20 determines that the power storage device 120 is an invalid battery, and the battery is said to be incorrect.
- the battery ID of the power storage device 120 may be notified to the server 30 as an invalid battery ID.
- the server 30 may store the notified battery ID as an invalid battery ID.
- the charging station 20 charges the power storage device 120 when the number of times of charging acquired from the power storage device 120 and the number of times of charging of the power storage device 120 acquired from the server 30 match.
- the server 30 needs to be notified of the number of times the power storage device 120 has been charged or information indicating that the power storage device 120 has been charged. Therefore, if the power storage device 120 is connected to the communication network 50 by itself, the power storage device 120 may notify the server 30 of the number of charges each time it is charged.
- the charging equipment 40 if the charging equipment 40 is connected to the communication network 50, the charging equipment 40 notifies the server 30 of information indicating that the power storage device 120 has been charged, and the server 30 stores the stored power storage. The number of times the device 120 is charged is updated. That is, the server 30 increases the number of times of charging of the stored power storage device 120 by 1.
- the charging equipment 40 may acquire the number of charges from the power storage device 120 and notify the server 30 of a new number of charges obtained by increasing the number of charges acquired after charging by 1.
- the server updates the stored number of charges of the power storage device 120 to the new number of charges notified.
- the electric vehicle 10 may be classified into a plurality of classes according to the amount of power consumption per unit time (that is, power consumption).
- the vehicle ID of the electric vehicle 10 may be associated with a plurality of classes according to the power consumption. For example, when the class A is classified into class A having low power consumption, class B having medium power consumption, and class C having high power consumption, each vehicle ID is a class information indicating any of classes A to C. It may be associated.
- each power storage device 120 stores the vehicle ID or class information of the mounted electric vehicle 10, and stores the vehicle ID or class information of the mounted electric vehicle 10 via the charging station 20. Send to server 30.
- the charging station 20 acquires the number of charges of the power storage device 120 connected in step S108 from the server 30, the charging station 20 receives the number of times of charging and the vehicle ID of the electric vehicle 10 to which the power storage device 120 has been mounted, or the vehicle ID of the power storage device 120.
- the class information may be acquired and the number of charging times may be corrected according to the class information obtained from the acquired vehicle ID or the acquired class information.
- the charging station 20 may correct the number of charges so that the more times it is connected to the class C, the more the deterioration progresses, and the more times it is connected to the class A, the more the number of charges is corrected so that it does not deteriorate. ..
- the charging station 20 may use class information not only for correcting the number of times of charging but also for calculating the degree of deterioration. That is, for example, the charging station 20 calculates the degree of deterioration so that the more times it is connected to the class C, the more the deterioration progresses, and the more times it is connected to the class A, the less the deterioration progresses.
- the degree of deterioration may be calculated so as to be.
- Each device in the above embodiment is specifically a computer system composed of a microprocessor, a ROM, a RAM, a hard disk unit, a display unit, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like. Computer programs are recorded in the RAM or hard disk unit. Each device achieves its function by operating the microprocessor according to a computer program.
- a computer program is configured by combining a plurality of instruction codes indicating commands to a computer in order to achieve a predetermined function.
- Each device in the above embodiment may be composed of a part or all of the constituent elements of one system LSI (Large Scale Integration: large-scale integrated circuit).
- a system LSI is an ultra-multifunctional LSI manufactured by integrating a plurality of components on a single chip, and specifically, is a computer system including a microprocessor, a ROM, a RAM, and the like. ..
- a computer program is recorded in the RAM. The system LSI achieves its function by operating the microprocessor according to the computer program.
- each part of the component components constituting each of the above devices may be individually integrated into one chip, or may be integrated into one chip so as to include a part or all of them.
- system LSI Although it is referred to as a system LSI here, it may be referred to as an IC, an LSI, a super LSI, or an ultra LSI due to the difference in the degree of integration. Further, the method of making an integrated circuit is not limited to LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) that can be programmed after the LSI is manufactured, or a reconfigurable processor that can reconfigure the connection and settings of the circuit cells inside the LSI may be used.
- FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
- Some or all of the components constituting each of the above devices may be composed of an IC card or a single module that can be attached to and detached from each device.
- An IC card or module is a computer system composed of a microprocessor, ROM, RAM, and the like.
- the IC card or module may include the above-mentioned super multifunctional LSI.
- the microprocessor operates according to a computer program, the IC card or module achieves its function. This IC card or this module may have tamper resistance.
- the present disclosure may be the method shown above. Further, it may be a computer program that realizes these methods by a computer, or it may be a digital signal composed of a computer program.
- the present disclosure also discloses computer programs or recording media capable of computer-readable digital signals, such as flexible disks, hard disks, CD-ROMs, MOs, DVDs, DVD-ROMs, DVD-RAMs, and BDs (Blu-ray®). ) It may be recorded on a Disc), a semiconductor memory, or the like. Further, it may be a digital signal recorded on these recording media.
- a computer program or a digital signal may be transmitted via a telecommunication line, a wireless or wired communication line, a network typified by the Internet, data broadcasting, or the like.
- the present disclosure is a computer system including a microprocessor and a memory, and the memory may record the above-mentioned computer program, and the microprocessor may operate according to the computer program.
- an encryption key and the number of times of charging can be recorded on a security chip, an illegal battery can be eliminated, and a battery having a large number of times of charging can be eliminated.
- Electric vehicle 20 Charging station 30 Server 40 Charging equipment 50 Communication network 100 Battery management system 110 Vehicle management unit 120 Power storage device 130 Communication unit 140 Connection unit 201 User authentication unit 202 Battery authentication unit 203 Control unit 204 Recording unit 205 Communication unit 301 User Management unit 302 Battery management unit 303 Encryption key management unit 304 Recording unit 305 Communication unit 1101 Authentication unit 1102 Control unit 1103 Charging management unit 1104 Recording unit 1201 Authentication unit 1202 Measurement unit 1203 Control unit 1204 Recording unit 1205 Communication unit
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Abstract
Description
近年、電気自動車や電動バイクなどのような電動車両が利用され始めている。電動車両の電源には、二次電池を有する交換式の蓄電装置が用いられており、蓄電装置を交換するサービスが知られている。このサービスでは、充電ステーションにおいて複数の蓄電装置を同時に充電しておき、充電済みの蓄電装置が随時ユーザに提供される。ユーザは、電池残量が少なくなった蓄電装置を、充電ステーションにおいて充電済みの他の蓄電装置と交換する。これにより、ユーザは、蓄電装置の充電時間を考慮せずに、蓄電装置を交換するだけで電動車両の走行の継続が可能となり、走行距離の延長などが期待できる。
[1. システム構成]
ここでは、本開示の実施の形態として、例について図面を参照しながら説明する。
図1は、実施の形態に係る電池管理システムの全体構成の一例を示す図である。電池管理システム100は、蓄電装置120、蓄電装置120の電力で動作する電動車両10、及び、蓄電装置120を充電する充電ステーション20を備える。電池管理システム100は、さらに、サーバ30、充電設備40、通信ネットワーク50を備えてもよい。充電ステーション20とサーバ30とは、通信ネットワーク50を介して通信可能に接続されている。
図2は、実施の形態に係る電動車両の全体構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
図3は、実施の形態に係る車両管理部の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
図4は、実施の形態に係る蓄電装置の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
図5は、実施の形態に係る充電ステーションの構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
図6は、実施の形態に係るサーバの構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
充電設備40は、電動車両10から取り外された蓄電装置120を充電したり、電動車両10に付随する充電機器を経由して、電動車両10に装着されている蓄電装置120を充電したりする。このとき蓄電装置120は、劣化度、または、蓄電装置120を充電した充電設備40の情報を記録部1104に記録してもよい。充電設備40の情報は、充電設備40が設置されている場所、蓄電装置120の充電が行われた日時、蓄電装置120の充電にかかった充電時間、蓄電装置120の充電が急速充電か低速充電かを示す情報などを含んでもよい。蓄電装置120は、電動車両10または蓄電装置120が自装置の位置を示す位置情報を取得できる場合、充電時に電動車両10または蓄電装置の位置情報を、充電設備40の情報として記憶してもよい。充電設備40は、蓄電装置120が異常な充電をされたと判断すると、この蓄電装置120への充電を停止してもよい。異常な充電は、例えば、所定の電圧よりも高い電圧での充電であってもよいし、所定の電流よりも高い電流での充電であってもよいし、所定の温度(気温)よりも低い温度での充電であってもよい。
以下、蓄電装置120と充電ステーション20とサーバ30との間での充電時のシーケンスについて説明する。
以下、蓄電装置120と電動車両10とサーバ30と間の認証処理のシーケンスについて説明する。
以下、蓄電装置120と充電ステーション20とサーバ30と間の電池IDの通知処理のシーケンスについて説明する。
実施の形態において、蓄電装置120と充電ステーション20との間で相互認証したり、蓄電装置120と電動車両10との間で相互認証したりすることで、不正な電池を排除できる。さらに、蓄電装置120または充電ステーション20で、蓄電装置の充電回数を記録することで、蓄電装置120が劣化したか否かを検出することができる。また、充電回数は、セキュリティチップに記録されることで、充電回数の改ざんが防止され、充電回数の保証が可能となる。また、不正な蓄電装置120を検出した場合、電動車両10が通信ネットワーク50に接続していなくとも、正規の電池を経由して、不正な電池IDサーバ30に送信することで、不正な蓄電装置の排除が可能となる。
なお、本開示を上記各実施の形態に基づいて説明してきたが、本開示は、上記各実施の形態に限定されないのはもちろんである。以下のような場合も本開示に含まれる。
20 充電ステーション
30 サーバ
40 充電設備
50 通信ネットワーク
100 電池管理システム
110 車両管理部
120 蓄電装置
130 通信部
140 接続部
201 ユーザ認証部
202 電池認証部
203 制御部
204 記録部
205 通信部
301 ユーザ管理部
302 電池管理部
303 暗号鍵管理部
304 記録部
305 通信部
1101 認証部
1102 制御部
1103 充電管理部
1104 記録部
1201 認証部
1202 計測部
1203 制御部
1204 記録部
1205 通信部
Claims (9)
- 蓄電装置を充電する充電ステーションであって、
充電のために接続された前記蓄電装置との間で相互認証を行う認証部と、
相互認証において正当性が確認された蓄電装置から当該蓄電装置の劣化に関する劣化度を取得する取得部と、
前記取得部により取得された前記劣化度を記憶する、耐タンパ性を有するメモリと、
前記メモリに記憶されている前記蓄電装置の劣化度が所定の閾値よりも劣化が進んでいることを示す場合、前記蓄電装置を充電しない制御部と、を備える
充電ステーション。 - 前記制御部は、前記蓄電装置の劣化度が前記所定の閾値よりも劣化が進んでいることを示さない場合、前記蓄電装置を充電する
請求項1に記載の充電ステーション。 - 前記劣化度は、充電回数、充電量、及び、SOH(State Of Health)の少なくとも1つである
請求項1または2に記載の充電ステーション。 - 前記取得部は、さらに、前記蓄電装置の識別子を取得し、
前記制御部は、前記蓄電装置の劣化度が前記所定の閾値よりも劣化が進んでいることを示す場合、当該蓄電装置の識別子を管理装置へ送信する
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の充電ステーション。 - 前記取得部は、さらに、前記蓄電装置の識別子を取得し、
前記制御部は、相互認証において正当性が確認されなかった蓄電装置の識別子を管理装置へ送信する
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の充電ステーション。 - 前記劣化度は、充電回数であり、
前記制御部は、前記蓄電装置を充電した場合、前記メモリに記憶されている前記蓄電装置の充電回数に1を加えた新たな充電回数を管理装置へ送信する
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の充電ステーション。 - 蓄電装置と、充電ステーションとを備える電池管理システムであって、
前記蓄電装置は、
充電のために接続された前記充電ステーションと間で相互認証を行う第1認証部と、
前記蓄電装置の劣化に関する劣化度を記憶している、耐タンパ性を有する第1メモリと、
前記第1メモリに記憶されている前記劣化度を、前記充電ステーションに送信する送信部と、を備え、
前記充電ステーションは、
充電のために接続された前記蓄電装置との間で相互認証を行う第2認証部と、
相互認証において正当性が確認された蓄電装置から当該蓄電装置の劣化に関する劣化度を取得する第2取得部と、
前記第2取得部により取得された前記劣化度を記憶する、耐タンパ性を有する第2メモリと、
前記第2メモリに記憶されている前記蓄電装置の劣化度が所定の閾値よりも劣化が進んでいることを示す場合、前記蓄電装置を充電しない制御部と、を備える
電池管理システム。 - 前記第1認証部は、さらに、前記蓄電装置が接続された電動車両との間で相互認証を行い、
前記蓄電装置は、さらに、
前記電動車両から前記蓄電装置とは異なる他の蓄電装置の識別子を取得する第1取得部を備え、
前記第1メモリは、前記第1取得部により取得された前記他の蓄電装置の識別子を記憶し、
前記送信部は、前記第1メモリに記憶されている前記他の蓄電装置の識別子を、充電のために接続された前記充電ステーションへ送信する
請求項7に記載の電池管理システム。 - 蓄電装置を充電する充電ステーションによる充電方法であって、
充電のために前記充電ステーションに接続された前記蓄電装置との間で相互認証を行い、
前記相互認証において正当性が確認された蓄電装置から当該蓄電装置の劣化に関する劣化度を取得し、
取得された前記劣化度を、前記充電ステーションが備える耐タンパ性を有するメモリに記憶し、
前記メモリに記憶されている前記蓄電装置の劣化度が所定の閾値よりも劣化が進んでいることを示す場合、前記蓄電装置を充電しない
充電方法。
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| JP2021551322A JP7579797B2 (ja) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-29 | 充電ステーション、電池管理システム、及び、充電方法 |
| CN202511536842.3A CN121375530A (zh) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-29 | 充电站、电池管理系统以及充电方法 |
| CN202080023246.4A CN113613941B (zh) | 2019-10-04 | 2020-09-29 | 充电站、电池管理系统以及充电方法 |
| US17/523,610 US12275323B2 (en) | 2019-10-04 | 2021-11-10 | Charging station, battery management system, and charging method that forgo charging when a degree of deterioration is advanced |
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2020
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- 2020-09-29 CN CN202080023246.4A patent/CN113613941B/zh active Active
- 2020-09-29 EP EP20871070.7A patent/EP4040564A4/en active Pending
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11362521B2 (en) * | 2020-06-22 | 2022-06-14 | Ola Electric Mobility Private Limited | Offline mutual authentication for battery swapping |
| WO2022218641A1 (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Volvo Truck Corporation | External energy transfer tactics for heavy-duty vehicles |
| WO2025238787A1 (ja) * | 2024-05-16 | 2025-11-20 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | バッテリー管理方法、バッテリー管理装置及びプログラム |
| WO2025239108A1 (ja) * | 2024-05-16 | 2025-11-20 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | バッテリー管理方法、バッテリー管理装置及びプログラム |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US12275323B2 (en) | 2025-04-15 |
| US20220063435A1 (en) | 2022-03-03 |
| JPWO2021065929A1 (ja) | 2021-04-08 |
| CN121375530A (zh) | 2026-01-23 |
| EP4040564A1 (en) | 2022-08-10 |
| EP4040564A4 (en) | 2022-12-21 |
| CN113613941A (zh) | 2021-11-05 |
| CN113613941B (zh) | 2025-11-07 |
| JP7579797B2 (ja) | 2024-11-08 |
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