WO2021075380A1 - 干渉評価装置、方法、及びプログラム - Google Patents
干渉評価装置、方法、及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021075380A1 WO2021075380A1 PCT/JP2020/038334 JP2020038334W WO2021075380A1 WO 2021075380 A1 WO2021075380 A1 WO 2021075380A1 JP 2020038334 W JP2020038334 W JP 2020038334W WO 2021075380 A1 WO2021075380 A1 WO 2021075380A1
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- interference
- robots
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- trajectory
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1628—Program controls characterised by the control loop
- B25J9/1653—Program controls characterised by the control loop parameters identification, estimation, stiffness, accuracy, error analysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1674—Program controls characterised by safety, monitoring, diagnostic
- B25J9/1676—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1602—Program controls characterised by the control system, structure, architecture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1656—Program controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
- B25J9/1669—Program controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by special application, e.g. multi-arm co-operation, assembly, grasping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1679—Program controls characterised by the tasks executed
- B25J9/1682—Dual arm manipulator; Coordination of several manipulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/16—Program controls
- B25J9/1656—Program controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators
- B25J9/1664—Program controls characterised by programming, planning systems for manipulators characterised by motion, path, trajectory planning
- B25J9/1666—Avoiding collision or forbidden zones
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39082—Collision, real time collision avoidance
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39083—Robot interference, between two robot arms
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/39—Robotics, robotics to robotics hand
- G05B2219/39135—For multiple manipulators operating at same time, avoid collision
Definitions
- the disclosed technology relates to an interference evaluation device, an interference evaluation method, and an interference evaluation program.
- the robots are moved and the sensors detect the approach of the robots, or the robots are simulated to see if they interfere with each other. I go and judge.
- a device that checks for interference between a plurality of moving objects consisting of a work and a robot and automatically corrects an operation program in which the interference occurs.
- This device acquires shape data and motion programs of a plurality of movable objects, creates a plurality of movable object models based on the shape data, and operates a plurality of movable object models based on the motion program and the movable object model. To simulate. Then, this device determines the presence or absence of interference between a plurality of movable object models based on the simulation result (Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-181574).
- the disclosed technology was made in view of the above points, and aims to reduce the calculation cost required for evaluating the risk of interference between robots when generating motions of a plurality of robots.
- the interference evaluation device is set at an installation position that is a starting point of each movable range of the plurality of robots and a position of a predetermined portion at the start posture of each of the plurality of robots.
- the acquisition unit that acquires a certain start position and the end position that is the position of the predetermined portion in the end posture, the installation position, the start position, and the end position for each of the plurality of robots are included. It includes an evaluation unit that evaluates the risk of interference between the plurality of robots based on the overlap between polyhedra specified based on the polygon.
- the evaluation unit can specify the polyhedron having a predetermined height in the normal direction of the plane, with the polygon obtained by projecting the polygon onto the plane on which the robot is installed as the bottom surface.
- the evaluation unit can specify the polyhedron based on the polygon including the positions of the waypoints other than the start position and the end position included in the orbit information as vertices.
- the acquisition unit can acquire the start position corresponding to the start posture included in the trajectory information indicating the trajectory of each movement of the plurality of robots, and the end position corresponding to the end posture.
- the acquisition unit acquires, for each of the plurality of robots, trajectory information indicating an operation trajectory including information on the start posture and the end posture, and specification information including kinematics information and shape information. Based on the trajectory information and the specification information, the installation position, the start position, and the end position of each of the plurality of robots can be calculated.
- the evaluation unit can specify the polyhedron based on the polygon including the positions of the waypoints other than the start position and the end position included in the orbit information as vertices.
- the acquisition unit acquires the trajectory information and the specification information for each operation for the work including a plurality of operations
- the evaluation unit acquires the robot for each combination of the plurality of operations constituting the operation.
- the evaluation unit can evaluate that the higher the ratio of the movements having an interference risk between the robots among the plurality of movements included in the work, the higher the risk of the whole work.
- the interference evaluation device can be further configured to include a generation unit that generates a trajectory from the start posture to the end posture.
- the generation unit can generate an avoidance trajectory that avoids interference when the evaluation unit evaluates that there is a risk of interference between the robots.
- the generation unit acquires peripheral environment information including information on surrounding objects in which the plurality of robots operate, and obtains the avoidance trajectory for avoiding overlapping portions of the polyhedra and objects around the plurality of robots. Can be generated.
- the generation unit can generate the avoidance trajectory when the interference risk evaluated by the evaluation unit is equal to or higher than the threshold value.
- the acquisition unit starts at an installation position that is a starting point of each movable range of the plurality of robots and a position of a predetermined portion at the start posture of each of the plurality of robots.
- the position and the end position which is the position of the predetermined part in the end posture are acquired, and the evaluation unit includes the installation position, the start position, and the end position for each of the plurality of robots.
- the computer is placed at an installation position that is a starting point of each movable range of a plurality of robots and a start position that is a position of a predetermined portion at the start posture of each of the plurality of robots.
- the interference evaluation device, method, and program related to the disclosed technology it is possible to reduce the calculation cost for evaluating the interference between robots when generating the motions of a plurality of robots.
- the robot control system 100 includes an interference evaluation device 10, a robot control device 12, and robots 16A and 16B.
- the example of FIG. 1 shows a case where the robot control system 100 includes two robots 16A and 16B, three or more robots may be included. Further, in the following, when the robots 16A and 16B are described without distinction, they are simply referred to as "robot 16".
- the robot 16 is, for example, a vertical articulated robot having a configuration of 6 degrees of freedom required for operation in a three-dimensional space.
- the degree of freedom of the robot 16 may be 7 degrees of freedom, which is 6 degrees of freedom plus redundant degrees of freedom.
- the robot 16 operates under the control of the robot control device 12 according to the trajectory information output from the interference evaluation device 10.
- the robot control device 12 controls the operation of the robot 16 according to the trajectory information output from the interference evaluation device 10.
- the interference evaluation device 10 evaluates the risk of interference between the robot 16A and the robot 16B when each of the robots 16A and 16B is operated according to the trajectory information. Further, when the risk of interference is high, the interference evaluation device 10 generates trajectory information indicating an avoidance trajectory for avoiding interference and outputs the trajectory information to the robot control device 12.
- the trajectory information is the posture and posture at each time of the robot 16 when the predetermined position of the hand of the robot 16 (the side to which the tool such as the robot hand is attached) is operated from an arbitrary start point to the end point.
- the speed and acceleration that change the above are arranged in chronological order.
- the posture of the robot 16 is the first joint (joint J1) of the robot 16 assuming that the predetermined position of the hand of the robot 16 is at a certain position (x, y, z) and posture (roll, pitch, yaw). It is represented by a series ( ⁇ J1 , ⁇ J2 , ..., ⁇ JN ) of the values (rotation angles) of each joint from the Nth joint (joints JN and N are the number of joints of the robot).
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 10 according to the present embodiment.
- the interference evaluation device 10 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 32, a memory 34, a storage device 36, an input device 38, an output device 40, a storage medium reading device 42, and a communication I / F (Interface). Has 44. Each configuration is communicably connected to each other via a bus 46.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- the storage device 36 stores an interference evaluation program for executing the interference evaluation process.
- the CPU 32 is a central arithmetic processing unit that executes various programs and controls each configuration. That is, the CPU 32 reads the program from the storage device 36 and executes the program using the memory 34 as a work area. The CPU 32 controls each of the above configurations and performs various arithmetic processes according to the program stored in the storage device 36.
- the memory 34 is composed of a RAM (Random Access Memory), and temporarily stores programs and data as a work area.
- the storage device 36 is composed of a ROM (Read Only Memory), an HDD (Hard Disk Drive), an SSD (Solid State Drive), and the like, and stores various programs including an operating system and various data.
- the input device 38 is a device for performing various inputs such as a keyboard and a mouse.
- the output device 40 is a device for outputting various information such as a display and a printer. By adopting a touch panel display as the output device 40, it may function as an input device 38.
- the storage medium reading device 42 reads data stored in various storage media such as a CD (Compact Disc) -ROM, a DVD (Digital Why Disc) -ROM, a Blu-ray disc, and a USB (Universal Serial Bus) memory, and a recording medium. Write data to the data.
- the communication I / F44 is an interface for communicating with other devices, and for example, standards such as Ethernet (registered trademark), FDDI, and Wi-Fi (registered trademark) are used.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 10.
- the interference evaluation device 10 includes an acquisition unit 22, an evaluation unit 24, and a generation unit 26 as a functional configuration.
- Each functional configuration is realized by the CPU 32 reading the interference evaluation program stored in the storage device 36, expanding the interference evaluation program in the memory 34, and executing the program.
- the acquisition unit 22 acquires the installation positions of the robots 16A and 16B and the start and end positions of the predetermined parts of the robots 16A and 16B (in this embodiment, the hands of the robot 16). Information on the installation position, the start position, and the end position is input to the interference evaluation device 10 by the user.
- the start position is the position of a predetermined part in the start posture of the operation executed by each of the robots 16A and 16B
- the end position is the position of the predetermined part in the end posture.
- FIG. 4 shows an example of the start position S and the end position G.
- the installation position is the starting point of the movable range of the robot 16.
- the installation surface of the robot 16 is the xy plane and the normal direction of the xy plane is the z-axis
- the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate are set as the rotation center of the base link BL of the robot 16 and the z-coordinate is set as shown in FIG.
- the installation position R can be determined as the central position of the second joint (joint J2), which is the connection mechanism between the link L1 and the link L2.
- the installation position is not limited to this example, and may be determined in consideration of the configuration of the robot 16, the movable range, and the like.
- the acquisition unit 22 passes the acquired information on the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G to the evaluation unit 24.
- the evaluation unit 24 of the robots 16A and 16B is based on the overlap between the polyhedra identified based on the polygon including the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G. The risk of interference between the robots 16A and 16B when each performs an operation is evaluated.
- the evaluation unit 24 projects a triangle 101 having the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G as vertices on the xy plane which is the installation surface of the robot 16.
- the triangular prism 102 having a predetermined height (for example, the highest reaching point of the hand of the robot 16) is specified with the triangular prism 102 as the bottom surface.
- the evaluation unit 24 may further add a predetermined margin to the specified triangular prism 103.
- A is added to the end of the code for the robot 16A
- B is added to the end of the code for the robot 16B.
- the robots 16A and 16B when the robots 16A and 16B are set on the same plane, the triangles 101 having the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G as vertices overlap each other. It is also possible to evaluate the risk of interference only by the presence or absence of. However, the robot 16 can be suspended from the ceiling, hung on the wall, or the like. For example, as shown in FIG. 7, it is assumed that the robots 16A and 16B are not set on the same plane, such as when the robot 16A is installed on the wall surface and the robot 16B is installed on the floor surface. In such a case, even if there is no overlapping portion between the triangles 101 having the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G as vertices, there may be a case where the triangular prisms 103 have overlapping portions.
- the triangle 101 having the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G as vertices evaluates only the trajectory of the hand portion when moving from the start position to the end position by the shortest distance. Become. Therefore, the risk of interference by links other than the minions has not been evaluated.
- the polyhedron as described above here, the triangular prism 103
- the evaluation unit 24 evaluates whether or not the triangles 101 having the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G as vertices overlap each other, and if there is an overlap portion, the interference occurs. It is evaluated as having a high risk (hereinafter, also referred to as “high risk”). Further, the evaluation unit 24 evaluates whether or not the triangular prisms 103 specified for each robot 16 overlap each other when there is no overlapping portion in the triangle 101, and evaluates as high risk when the overlapping portion exists. However, if there is no overlapping part, the risk of interference is evaluated as low (hereinafter, also referred to as “low risk”). The evaluation unit 24 passes the evaluation result to the generation unit 26.
- the generation unit 26 generates an avoidance trajectory that avoids interference when the evaluation unit 24 evaluates that there is a risk of interference between the robots 16.
- the generation unit 26 generates an avoidance trajectory so as to avoid overlapping portions of the triangular prisms 103 for each robot 16 specified by the evaluation unit 24.
- the generation unit 26 may generate an avoidance trajectory so as to avoid the overlapping portion of the triangles 101.
- the generation unit 26 acquires trajectory information indicating the movement of each robot 16 from the start posture to the end posture, and specification information including kinematics information and shape information of each robot 16.
- the trajectory information acquired here corresponds to the start position and the end position acquired by the acquisition unit 22, and may be generated by motion planning or by teaching by the user. It may be.
- the generation unit 26 avoids the overlapping portion between the triangular prisms 103 from the start posture, and generates a trajectory from the start posture to the end posture as an avoidance trajectory.
- the generation unit 26 exits from the first intermediate posture immediately before the interference, that is, immediately before entering the overlapping portion between the triangular prisms 103, and immediately after the interference, that is, the overlapping portion between the triangular prisms 103 in the original trajectory indicated by the acquired trajectory information. Identify the second intermediate posture immediately after. Then, the generation unit 26 generates a partial trajectory that avoids the overlapping portion between the triangular prisms 103, and the original trajectory from the start posture to the first intermediate posture, the generated partial trajectory, and the second intermediate posture.
- the avoidance trajectory may be generated by combining with the original trajectory from to the end posture.
- the generation unit 26 selects the former generation method when the volume of the overlapping portion of the triangular prisms 103 is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold value, and selects the latter generation method when the volume is less than the threshold value to generate an avoidance trajectory. You may.
- the generation unit 26 outputs trajectory information indicating the generated avoidance trajectory to the robot control device 12. Further, when the evaluation unit 24 evaluates the low risk, the generation unit 26 outputs the acquired trajectory information to the robot control device 12 as it is.
- the robot control device 12 controls the operations of the robots 16A and 16B.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing the flow of the interference evaluation process executed by the CPU 32 of the interference evaluation device 10.
- the CPU 32 reads the interference evaluation program from the storage device 36, expands it into the memory 34, and executes it, the CPU 32 functions as each functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 10, and the interference evaluation process shown in FIG. 8 is executed.
- step S10 the acquisition unit 22 acquires the respective installation positions R, start position S, and end position G of the robots 16A and 16B that have been input to the interference evaluation device 10 by the user.
- the acquisition unit 22 passes the acquired information on the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G to the evaluation unit 24.
- step S20 the evaluation process is executed.
- the evaluation process will be described with reference to FIG.
- step S22 the evaluation unit 24 identifies a triangle 101 having an installation position R, a start position S, and an end position G as vertices for each robot 16.
- step S24 the evaluation unit 24 determines whether or not there is an overlapping portion between the triangles 101 specified for each robot 16. If there is an overlapping portion, the process proceeds to step S32, and if there is no overlapping portion, the process proceeds to step S26.
- step S26 the evaluation unit 24 projects the triangle 101 identified in step S22 on the xy plane, which is the installation surface of the robot 16, with the triangle 102 as the bottom surface, and the triangular prism 103 having a predetermined height. To identify.
- step S28 the evaluation unit 24 determines whether or not there is an overlapping portion between the triangular prisms 103 specified for each robot 16. If there is an overlapping portion, the process proceeds to step S32, and if there is no overlapping portion, the process proceeds to step S30.
- step S30 the evaluation unit 24 passes the evaluation result of "low risk” to the generation unit 26.
- step S32 the evaluation unit 24 passes the evaluation result of "high risk” to the generation unit 26. Then, the process returns to the interference evaluation process (FIG. 8).
- step S40 of the interference evaluation process shown in FIG. 8 the generation unit 26 determines whether or not the evaluation result delivered from the evaluation unit 24 is “high risk”. In the case of high risk, the process proceeds to step S50, and in the case of low risk, the process proceeds to step S70.
- step S50 the generation unit 26 acquires the trajectory information and specification information of each robot 16.
- step S60 the generation unit 26 generates an avoidance trajectory so as to avoid the risk of interference.
- step S70 when the generation unit 26 generates an avoidance trajectory, that is, in the case of high risk, the orbit information indicating the avoidance trajectory is output to the robot control device 12. Further, when the avoidance trajectory is not generated, that is, when the risk is low, the generation unit 26 outputs the acquired trajectory information to the robot control device 12 as it is. Then, the interference evaluation process ends.
- the interference evaluation device interferes with each other based on the overlap of polyhedra (triangular prisms) based on the installation position, start position, and end position of each robot. Assess risk. As a result, it is not necessary to operate the actual machine or perform a simulation, and the calculation cost for evaluating the interference between the robots can be reduced.
- the robot control system 200 includes an interference evaluation device 210, a robot control device 12, and robots 16A and 16B.
- FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 210.
- the interference evaluation device 210 includes an acquisition unit 222, an evaluation unit 224, and a generation unit 26 as a functional configuration.
- the acquisition unit 222 acquires the trajectory information and the specification information for each robot 16, and calculates the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G of each robot 16 based on the trajectory information and the specification information.
- the triangular prism 103 based on the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G of each robot 16 is a polyhedron considering the trajectory of the shortest distance from the start position to the end position. There is. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the risk of interference is evaluated in more detail and accurately by using a polyhedron that also considers the waypoints on the orbit from the start position to the end position. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, the acquisition unit 222 also calculates the position M of one or more waypoints between the start position S and the end position G.
- the acquisition unit 222 calculates the spatial position of a predetermined point that is the starting point of movement of the robot 16 such as the center of rotation as the installation position R based on the acquired specification information. Further, the acquisition unit 222 determines the hand of the robot 16 in each posture based on the start posture, the posture of the waypoint, and the end posture included in the trajectory information of each robot 16 and the kinematics information included in the specification information.
- the spatial position of is calculated as a start position S, a waypoint position M, and an end position G.
- the acquisition unit 222 passes the calculated information on the installation position R, the start position S, the waypoint position M, and the end position G for each robot 16 to the evaluation unit 224.
- the evaluation unit 224 sets the installation position R, the start position S, the waypoint position M, and the end position G for each robot 16 as shown in FIG.
- a polyhedron 203 having a predetermined height (for example, the highest reaching point of the hand of the robot 16) is specified by using the polygon 202 as the apex projected onto the xy plane which is the installation surface of the robot 16 as the bottom surface. ..
- the code for the robot 16A is given an A at the end
- the code for the robot 16B is given a B at the end.
- the polyhedron 203 considering the waypoints is used even if the risk is evaluated as low. If there is, there is overlap between the polyhedra 203 between the robots 16A and 16B, and it is evaluated as a high risk.
- the evaluation unit 224 evaluates the risk of interference based on the presence or absence of overlap between the polyhedra 203, as in the evaluation unit 24 of the first embodiment.
- the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 210 is the same as the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing the flow of the interference evaluation process executed by the CPU 32 of the interference evaluation device 210.
- the CPU 32 reads the interference evaluation program from the storage device 36, expands it into the memory 34, and executes it, the CPU 32 functions as each functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 210, and the interference evaluation process shown in FIG. 13 is executed.
- the same step number is assigned to the same process as the interference evaluation process (FIG. 8) in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- each of the acquisition unit 222 and the generation unit 26 acquires trajectory information and specification information for each robot 16.
- the acquisition unit 222 calculates the installation position R, the start position S, the waypoint position M, and the end position G of each robot 16 based on the acquired trajectory information and specification information.
- step S220 the evaluation process is executed.
- the triangle 101 in steps S22 and S24 may be read as a polygon 201
- the triangular prism 103 in steps S26 and S28 may be read as a polyhedron 203.
- steps S40, S60, and S70 are executed, and the interference evaluation process ends.
- the interference evaluation device is based on the overlap of polyhedra based on the installation position, start position, waypoint position, and end position of each robot. Evaluate the interference of. As a result, it is not necessary to operate the actual machine or perform a simulation, and the calculation cost for evaluating the interference between the robots can be reduced. Furthermore, the risk of interference can be evaluated in more detail and more accurately than when a triangular prism is used as in the first embodiment.
- the acquisition unit calculates each position based on the trajectory information and the specification information has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the information of each position input by the user may be acquired.
- the robot control system 300 includes an interference evaluation device 310, a robot control device 12, and robots 16A and 16B.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 310.
- the interference evaluation device 310 includes an acquisition unit 22, an evaluation unit 324, and a generation unit 326 as a functional configuration.
- the evaluation unit 324 specifies the triangular prism 103 based on the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G for each robot 16, and based on the overlap between the triangular prisms 103. , Assess the risk of interference.
- the evaluation unit 324 calculates the risk evaluation value based on the position and volume of the overlapping portions of the triangular prisms 103. For example, the evaluation unit 324 evaluates the risk so that the risk is high because it is difficult to generate an avoidance trajectory when the overlapping portion of the triangular prisms 103 is close to the start position or the end position of any robot 16. Calculate the value. Further, the evaluation unit 324 calculates the risk evaluation value so that the larger the volume of the overlapping portion between the triangular prisms 103, the higher the risk. The evaluation unit 324 passes the calculated risk evaluation value to the generation unit 326.
- the generation unit 326 generates an avoidance trajectory when the risk evaluation value delivered from the evaluation unit 324 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. Further, when generating the avoidance trajectory, the generation unit 326 acquires the surrounding environment information including the information of the surrounding obstacles and other objects on which the robots 16A and 16B operate, in addition to the trajectory information and the specification information. Then, the generation unit 326 generates an avoidance trajectory that avoids surrounding objects in addition to the overlapping portion between the triangular prisms 103. The method of generating the avoidance trajectory is the same as that of the first embodiment.
- the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 310 is the same as the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing the flow of the interference evaluation process executed by the CPU 32 of the interference evaluation device 310.
- the CPU 32 reads the interference evaluation program from the storage device 36, expands it into the memory 34, and executes it, the CPU 32 functions as each functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 310, and the interference evaluation process shown in FIG. 15 is executed.
- the same step number is assigned to the same process as the interference evaluation process (FIG. 8) in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the evaluation unit 324 calculates a risk evaluation value based on the position and volume of the overlapping portions of the triangular prisms 103. .. Then, the evaluation unit 324 passes the calculated risk evaluation value to the generation unit 326.
- step S342 the generation unit 326 determines whether or not the risk evaluation value delivered from the evaluation unit 324 is equal to or greater than a predetermined threshold value. If it is above the threshold, that is, at high risk, the process proceeds to step S50, and if it is below the threshold, that is, at low risk, the process proceeds to step S70.
- the interference evaluation device evaluates the interference between the robots based on the overlap of the triangular prisms based on the installation position, the start position, and the end position of each robot. , Calculate the risk assessment value. Then, when the risk evaluation value is equal to or higher than the threshold value, an avoidance trajectory is generated. As a result, it is not necessary to operate the actual machine or perform a simulation, and the calculation cost for evaluating the interference between the robots can be reduced. Further, since it is possible to flexibly determine whether or not to generate an avoidance trajectory according to the degree of risk, it is possible to suppress the generation of an unnecessary avoidance trajectory.
- the avoidance trajectory when the avoidance trajectory is generated, not only the overlapping part between the triangular prisms but also objects such as obstacles based on the surrounding environment information are generated so as to avoid them, so that the avoidance trajectory that does not interfere with the surrounding objects is generated. be able to.
- the acquisition unit may calculate each position based on the trajectory information and the specification information.
- the robot control system 400 includes an interference evaluation device 410, a robot control device 12, and robots 16A and 16B. Further, track information and specification information output from the work management unit 18 (see FIG. 16) are input to the interference evaluation device 410.
- the work management unit 18 performs task planning for executing work including a plurality of operations.
- the task planning is performed by determining the optimum combination of the orbit information representing each of the plurality of movements included in the work and the arrangement of the robot 16. Since the work management unit 18 uses the evaluation result by the interference evaluation device 410 for this determination, the work management unit 18 inputs the specification information including the trajectory information and the arrangement information of the robot 16 to the interference evaluation device 410 for each operation.
- FIG. 16 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 410.
- the interference evaluation device 410 includes an acquisition unit 422, an evaluation unit 424, and a generation unit 26 as functional configurations.
- the acquisition unit 422 acquires the trajectory information and the specification information input from the work management unit 18, and based on the acquired trajectory information and the specification information, the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G for each robot 16. To calculate.
- the evaluation unit 424 has track information and specification information for each operation acquired by the acquisition unit 422 for each of the plurality of operations included in the work that is the target of task planning, as in the evaluation unit 24 of the first embodiment.
- the triangular prism 103 based on the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G for each robot 16 is specified based on the above. Then, the evaluation unit 424 evaluates whether the risk is high or low due to the overlap of the triangular prisms 103.
- the evaluation unit 424 calculates the risk evaluation value of the entire work based on the evaluation results for each of the plurality of operations. For example, the evaluation unit 424 can use the ratio of the movements evaluated as having a high risk, that is, the interference risk, among the movements included in the work as the evaluation result of the entire work. The evaluation unit 424 derives the evaluation result of the entire work for all the combinations assumed as the combination of the operations constituting the work, and outputs the evaluation result to the work management unit 18.
- the work management unit 18 determines the optimum combination of operations, for example, the combination that minimizes the ratio of high-risk operations.
- the work management unit 18 inputs the trajectory information and the specification information to the interference evaluation device 410 for each operation included in the determined combination.
- the evaluation unit 424 evaluates the risk of interference as in the first embodiment.
- the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 410 is the same as the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 17 is a flowchart showing the flow of the interference evaluation process executed by the CPU 32 of the interference evaluation device 410.
- the CPU 32 reads the interference evaluation program from the storage device 36, expands it into the memory 34, and executes it, the CPU 32 functions as each functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 410, and the interference evaluation process shown in FIG. 17 is executed.
- the same step numbers are assigned to the same processes as the interference evaluation process (FIG. 8) in the first embodiment and the interference evaluation process (FIG. 13) in the second embodiment. Therefore, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- step S210 the acquisition unit 422 acquires the trajectory information and the specification information input from the work management unit 18.
- step S412 the acquisition unit 422 calculates the installation position R, the start position S, and the end position G for each robot 16 based on the acquired trajectory information and specification information.
- step S22 and S26 the evaluation unit 424 identifies the triangular prism 103 for each robot 16.
- step S440 the evaluation unit 424 evaluates whether each of the plurality of operations included in the work to be the target of task planning is high risk or low risk due to the overlap of the triangular prisms 103.
- step S442 the evaluation unit 424 sets the ratio of the operations evaluated as having a high risk, that is, the interference risk, among the operations included in the work, as the evaluation result of the entire work.
- step S444 the evaluation unit 424 outputs the evaluation result of the entire work derived in step S442 to the work management unit 18 for all the combinations assumed as the combinations of the operations constituting the work.
- the work management unit 18 determines the optimum combination of operations, and inputs the trajectory information and the specification information to the interference evaluation device 410 for each operation included in the determined combination.
- the trajectory generation process is executed in the next step S80.
- the trajectory generation process is the same as the interference evaluation process (FIG. 8) in the first embodiment.
- the interference evaluation device evaluates the risk of interference for each combination of movements for the work including a plurality of movements, which is more optimal for the work management unit.
- the combination of actions is determined. As a result, it is not necessary to operate the actual machine or perform a simulation, and it is possible to perform task planning in which interference between robots is suppressed.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the risk evaluation value is calculated for each operation, and the risk evaluation values calculated for the operations included in the combination are added up for each combination, and the integrated values are combined for the entire work. It may be calculated as a risk evaluation value of.
- the work management unit can determine the combination having the lowest risk evaluation value as the optimum combination.
- the interference evaluation process (FIG. 13) in the second embodiment or the interference evaluation process (FIG. 15) in the third embodiment may be executed. ..
- the robot control system 500 includes an interference evaluation device 510, a robot control device 12, and robots 16A and 16B.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 510.
- the interference evaluation device 510 includes an acquisition unit 22, an evaluation unit 324, and a generation unit 526 as functional configurations.
- the generation unit 526 acquires the start posture, the end posture, the specification information, and the surrounding environment information.
- the generation unit 526 When the risk evaluation value passed from the evaluation unit 324 is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, the generation unit 526 generates an avoidance trajectory from the start posture to the end posture so as to avoid the risk of interference. Further, when the risk evaluation value is less than the first threshold value, the generation unit 526 simply generates a trajectory connecting the start posture and the end posture. Further, when the risk evaluation value is greater than the first threshold value and equal to or greater than the second threshold value, the generation unit 526 issues a message prompting the user to input another start position and end position without generating a trajectory. It may be output to.
- the second threshold value is set so that it can be determined that the risk of interference is extremely large.
- the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 510 is the same as the hardware configuration of the interference evaluation device 10 according to the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the description thereof will be omitted.
- FIG. 19 is a flowchart showing the flow of the interference evaluation process executed by the CPU 32 of the interference evaluation device 510.
- the CPU 32 reads the interference evaluation program from the storage device 36, expands it into the memory 34, and executes it, the CPU 32 functions as each functional configuration of the interference evaluation device 510, and the interference evaluation process shown in FIG. 19 is executed.
- the same step number is assigned to the same process as the interference evaluation process (FIG. 8) in the first embodiment, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- step S90 the risk evaluation value calculation process is executed.
- the risk evaluation value calculation process is the same as steps S10 to S340 of the interference evaluation process (FIG. 15) in the third embodiment.
- step S542 the generation unit 526 determines whether or not the risk evaluation value delivered from the evaluation unit 324 is equal to or higher than a predetermined second threshold value, that is, whether or not the risk of interference is extremely large. If it is equal to or higher than the second threshold value, the process proceeds to step S544, and if it is less than the second threshold value, the process proceeds to step S550.
- step S544 the generation unit 526 outputs a message prompting the user to input another start position and end position to the output device 40, and the interference evaluation process ends.
- step S550 the generation unit 526 acquires the start posture, the end posture, the specification information, and the surrounding environment information. Then, in the next step S552, the generation unit 526 generates a trajectory that simply connects the start posture and the end posture.
- step S554 the generation unit 526 determines whether or not the risk evaluation value delivered from the evaluation unit 324 is equal to or higher than the predetermined first threshold value. If it is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, that is, if the risk is high, the process proceeds to step S60, and if it is less than the first threshold value, the process proceeds to step S70.
- step S560 the generation unit 526 generates an avoidance trajectory in which a trajectory for avoiding interference is added to the trajectory generated in step S552.
- step S554 may be performed after the above step S550, and the trajectory may be generated according to the determination result. That is, when the risk evaluation value is equal to or higher than the first threshold value, a trajectory from the start posture to the end posture is generated so as to avoid the risk of interference, and when the risk evaluation value is less than the first threshold value, the above A simple trajectory such as step S552 may be generated.
- the interference evaluation device is a triangular prism based on the installation position, start position, and end position of each robot at the stage where the trajectory information of each robot is not generated. Evaluate the interference between robots based on the duplication of. Then, after the risk is evaluated, a trajectory from the start posture to the end posture is generated, and if there is a risk of interference, an avoidance trajectory is generated. As a result, when there is a risk of interference, it is not necessary to generate an unnecessary orbit, and the processing cost can be reduced.
- the interference evaluation device and the robot control device are separate devices, but the interference evaluation device may be incorporated in the robot control device. Further, each functional configuration of the interference evaluation device may be realized by different devices, and the above interference evaluation process may be realized by distributed processing.
- various processors other than the CPU may execute the interference evaluation process executed by the CPU reading the software (program) in each of the above embodiments.
- the processors include PLD (Programmable Logic Device) whose circuit configuration can be changed after manufacturing FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) for executing ASIC (Application Special Applied Circuit).
- An example is a dedicated electric circuit or the like, which is a processor having a circuit configuration designed exclusively for the purpose.
- the interference evaluation process may be executed by one of these various processors, or a combination of two or more processors of the same type or different types (for example, a plurality of FPGAs and a combination of a CPU and an FPGA). Etc.).
- the hardware structure of these various processors is, more specifically, an electric circuit in which circuit elements such as semiconductor elements are combined.
- the mode in which the interference evaluation program is stored (installed) in the storage device in advance has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the program may be provided in a form stored in a storage medium such as a CD-ROM, a DVD-ROM, a Blu-ray disc, or a USB memory. Further, the program may be downloaded from an external device via a network.
- Robot control device 10
- Robot 18 Work management unit 22, 222, 422 Acquisition unit 24, 224, 324, 424 Evaluation unit 26, 326, 526 Generation unit 32
- CPU 34 Memory 36
- Storage device 38 Input device 40
- Output device 42 Storage medium reader 44
- Communication I / F 46 Bus 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 Robot control system
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Abstract
Description
図1に示すように、第1実施形態に係るロボット制御システム100は、干渉評価装置10と、ロボット制御装置12と、ロボット16A、16Bとを含んで構成される。なお、図1の例では、ロボット制御システム100に2台のロボット16A、16Bが含まれる場合を示しているが、3台以上のロボットを含んでもよい。また、以下では、ロボット16A、16Bを区別なく説明する場合には、単に「ロボット16」と表記する。
次に、第2実施形態について説明する。なお、第2実施形態に係るロボット制御システムにおいて、第1実施形態に係るロボット制御システム100と同様の構成については、同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
次に、第3実施形態について説明する。なお、第3実施形態に係るロボット制御システムにおいて、第1実施形態に係るロボット制御システム100と同様の構成については、同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
次に、第4実施形態について説明する。なお、第4実施形態に係るロボット制御システムにおいて、第1実施形態に係るロボット制御システム100、及び第2実施形態に係るロボット制御システム200と同様の構成については、同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
次に、第5実施形態について説明する。なお、第5実施形態に係るロボット制御システムにおいて、第1実施形態に係るロボット制御システム100、及び第3実施形態に係るロボット制御システム300と同様の構成については、同一符号を付して詳細な説明を省略する。
12 ロボット制御装置
16 ロボット
18 作業管理部
22、222、422 取得部
24、224、324、424 評価部
26、326、526 生成部
32 CPU
34 メモリ
36 記憶装置
38 入力装置
40 出力装置
42 記憶媒体読取装置
44 通信I/F
46 バス
100、200、300、400、500 ロボット制御システム
Claims (13)
- 複数のロボットの各々の可動範囲の起点となる設置位置と、前記複数のロボットの各々の開始姿勢時における所定部位の位置である開始位置、及び終了姿勢時における前記所定部位の位置である終了位置とを取得する取得部と、
前記複数のロボットの各々について、前記設置位置と、前記開始位置と、前記終了位置とを含む多角形に基づいて特定される多面体間の重複に基づいて、前記複数のロボット間の干渉リスクを評価する評価部と、
を含む干渉評価装置。 - 前記評価部は、前記多角形を前記ロボットの設置面である平面に投影した多角形を底面とし、前記平面の法線方向に所定の高さを持つ前記多面体を特定する請求項1に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記取得部は、前記複数のロボットの各々の動作の軌道を示す軌道情報に含まれる開始姿勢に対応する前記開始位置、及び終了姿勢に対応する前記終了位置を取得する請求項1又は請求項2に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記取得部は、前記複数のロボットの各々について、前記開始姿勢及び前記終了姿勢の情報を含む動作の軌道を示す軌道情報と、キネマティクス情報及び形状情報を含む仕様情報とを取得し、前記軌道情報及び前記仕様情報に基づいて、前記複数のロボットの各々の前記設置位置、前記開始位置、及び前記終了位置を計算する請求項1又は請求項2に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記評価部は、前記軌道情報に含まれる、前記開始位置及び前記終了位置以外の経由点の位置を頂点として更に含む前記多角形に基づいて、前記多面体を特定する請求項4に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記取得部は、複数の動作を含む作業について、動作毎に、前記軌道情報及び前記仕様情報を取得し、
前記評価部は、前記作業を構成する複数の動作の組合せ毎に、前記ロボット間の干渉リスクを評価することで、前記作業全体のリスクを評価する
請求項4又は請求項5に記載の干渉評価装置。 - 前記評価部は、前記作業に含まれる複数の動作のうち、前記ロボット間で干渉リスクがある動作の割合が高いほど、前記作業全体のリスクが高いと評価する請求項6に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記開始姿勢から前記終了姿勢までの軌道を生成する生成部を含む請求項1~請求項7の何れか1項に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記生成部は、前記評価部により、前記ロボット間で干渉リスクがあると評価された場合に、干渉を回避するような回避軌道を生成する請求項8に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記生成部は、前記複数のロボットが動作する周辺の物体の情報を含む周辺環境情報を取得し、前記多面体同士の重複部分、及び前記複数のロボット周辺の物体を回避する前記回避軌道を生成する請求項9に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 前記生成部は、前記評価部により評価された干渉リスクが閾値以上の場合に、前記回避軌道を生成する請求項9又は請求項10に記載の干渉評価装置。
- 取得部が、複数のロボットの各々の可動範囲の起点となる設置位置と、前記複数のロボットの各々の開始姿勢時における所定部位の位置である開始位置、及び終了姿勢時における前記所定部位の位置である終了位置とを取得し、
評価部が、前記複数のロボットの各々について、前記設置位置と、前記開始位置と、前記終了位置とを含む多角形に基づいて特定される多面体間の重複に基づいて、前記複数のロボット間の干渉リスクを評価する
干渉評価方法。 - コンピュータを、
複数のロボットの各々の可動範囲の起点となる設置位置と、前記複数のロボットの各々の開始姿勢時における所定部位の位置である開始位置、及び終了姿勢時における前記所定部位の位置である終了位置とを取得する取得部、及び、
前記複数のロボットの各々について、前記設置位置と、前記開始位置と、前記終了位置とを含む多角形に基づいて特定される多面体間の重複に基づいて、前記複数のロボット間の干渉リスクを評価する評価部
として機能させるための干渉評価プログラム。
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| US17/766,707 US12290937B2 (en) | 2019-10-17 | 2020-10-09 | Interference evaluation device, method, and program |
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| WO2024024026A1 (ja) * | 2022-07-28 | 2024-02-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | リスクアセスメント支援装置、リスクアセスメント支援プログラムおよびリスクアセスメント支援方法 |
| CN116533236B (zh) * | 2023-05-09 | 2024-04-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种基于离散工作空间的服务机器人操作评估策略 |
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