WO2021091245A1 - 사이드링크를 이용한 측위 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 - Google Patents
사이드링크를 이용한 측위 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021091245A1 WO2021091245A1 PCT/KR2020/015377 KR2020015377W WO2021091245A1 WO 2021091245 A1 WO2021091245 A1 WO 2021091245A1 KR 2020015377 W KR2020015377 W KR 2020015377W WO 2021091245 A1 WO2021091245 A1 WO 2021091245A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0205—Details
- G01S5/0215—Interference
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
- H04W64/006—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
- G01S1/04—Details
- G01S1/042—Transmitters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
- G01S1/04—Details
- G01S1/042—Transmitters
- G01S1/0428—Signal details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0205—Details
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
- H04L5/0051—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver of dedicated pilots, i.e. pilots destined for a single user or terminal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/023—Services making use of location information using mutual or relative location information between multiple location based services [LBS] targets or of distance thresholds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/025—Services making use of location information using location based information parameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S2205/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S2205/01—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations specially adapted for specific applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
- G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0284—Relative positioning
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/14—Direct-mode setup
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
- H04W92/16—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices
- H04W92/18—Interfaces between hierarchically similar devices between terminal devices
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a positioning method using a sidelink and an apparatus for the same, and more particularly, to a technology for performing on-demand relative positioning in a sidelink vehicle to everything (V2X) system.
- V2X vehicle to everything
- a wireless communication system is a multiple access system that supports communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (eg, bandwidth, transmission power, etc.).
- multiple access systems include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, and a single carrier frequency (SC-FDMA) system.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- division multiple access division multiple access
- MC-FDMA multi carrier frequency division multiple access
- a sidelink refers to a communication method in which a direct link is established between terminals (user equipment, UEs), and voice or data is directly exchanged between terminals without going through a base station (BS).
- SL is considered as one of the ways to solve the burden of the base station due to rapidly increasing data traffic.
- V2X vehicle-to-everything refers to a communication technology that exchanges information with other vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure-built objects through wired/wireless communication.
- V2X can be divided into four types: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P).
- V2X communication may be provided through a PC5 interface and/or a Uu interface.
- next-generation radio access technology in consideration of the like may be referred to as a new radio access technology (RAT) or a new radio (NR).
- RAT new radio access technology
- NR new radio
- V2X vehicle-to-everything
- 1 is a diagram for explaining by comparing V2X communication based on RAT before NR and V2X communication based on NR
- V2X communication in RAT before NR, a method of providing safety service based on V2X messages such as BSM (Basic Safety Message), CAM (Cooperative Awareness Message), and DENM (Decentralized Environmental Notification Message). This was mainly discussed.
- the V2X message may include location information, dynamic information, attribute information, and the like.
- the terminal may transmit a periodic message type CAM and/or an event triggered message type DENM to another terminal.
- the CAM may include basic vehicle information such as dynamic state information of the vehicle such as direction and speed, vehicle static data such as dimensions, external lighting conditions, and route history.
- the terminal may broadcast the CAM, and the latency of the CAM may be less than 100 ms.
- the terminal may generate a DENM and transmit it to another terminal.
- all vehicles within the transmission range of the terminal may receive CAM and/or DENM.
- DENM may have a higher priority than CAM.
- V2X scenarios may include vehicle platooning, advanced driving, extended sensors, remote driving, and the like.
- vehicles can dynamically form groups and move together. For example, in order to perform platoon operations based on vehicle platooning, vehicles belonging to the group may receive periodic data from the leading vehicle. For example, vehicles belonging to the group may use periodic data to reduce or widen the distance between vehicles.
- the vehicle can be semi-automated or fully automated.
- each vehicle may adjust trajectories or maneuvers based on data acquired from a local sensor of a proximity vehicle and/or a proximity logical entity.
- each vehicle may share a driving intention with nearby vehicles.
- raw data, processed data, or live video data acquired through local sensors are / Or can be exchanged between V2X application servers.
- the vehicle can recognize an improved environment than the environment that can be detected using its own sensor.
- a remote driver or a V2X application may operate or control the remote vehicle.
- a route can be predicted such as in public transportation
- cloud computing-based driving may be used for operation or control of the remote vehicle.
- access to a cloud-based back-end service platform may be considered for remote driving.
- the location information of the terminal is an infrastructure such as a base station or GPS that provides absolute location information such as OTDoA (observed time difference of arrival), UTDoA (Uplink Time Difference of Arrival), and Multi-RTT (multiple roundtrip time).
- OTDoA observed time difference of arrival
- UTDoA Uplink Time Difference of Arrival
- Multi-RTT multiple roundtrip time
- the relative position information between vehicles can be effectively used to prevent collisions between vehicles, such as securing a safe distance between vehicles by recognizing the presence of nearby vehicles. have.
- the positioning terminal acquires signals and information necessary for measuring the relative position of the neighboring terminals through a handshaking process with the neighboring terminals, and as a result, can be caused between terminals mounted on a vehicle with a high speed. It has a problem in effectively applying it to various collision scenarios.
- the problem to be solved is to provide a method and apparatus for a positioning terminal to measure the relative position of a neighboring terminal through a sidelink in an NR-V2X system.
- Another problem to be solved is an on-demand relative position measurement method using sidelinks that can prevent response PRS (Response PRS) collision between neighboring terminals through PRS muting based on orientation angle, and It is to provide a device for him.
- PRS Response PRS
- Another challenge to be solved is on-demand relative position measurement using sidelinks that can be used in various systems such as mmWAVE communication, licensed band communication, unlicensed band communication, and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) band communication. It is to provide a method and an apparatus therefor.
- mmWAVE communication licensed band communication
- unlicensed band communication unlicensed band communication
- ITS Intelligent Transport Systems
- Another problem to be solved is to provide a safe and reliable positioning service by minimizing collisions between vehicle terminals by effectively allocating limited positioning resources to surrounding vehicle terminals.
- a positioning method through a sidelink includes receiving a request PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) from a positioning terminal, determining a direction angle based on the positioning terminal based on the request PRS, and the determined direction. It may include determining a response PRS ID corresponding to the request PRS ID of the request RRS based on each and transmitting a response PRS corresponding to the determined response PRS ID.
- PRS Positioning Reference Signal
- the direction angle may be determined based on an angle of arrival (AoA), which is an angle of incidence measured for the request PRS based on local coordinates or global coordinates.
- AoA angle of arrival
- the method when the local coordinates are used, includes receiving information about a heading angle of the positioning terminal from the positioning terminal, and based on a heading angle of the vehicle terminal and a heading angle of the positioning terminal.
- the method may further include determining an AoA offset and correcting the determined direction angle based on the AoA offset.
- the response PRS ID may be selected from a pre-mapped response PRS ID group corresponding to the request PRS ID through a predetermined direction angle PRS muting rule.
- the direction angle PRS muting rule may define a direction angle range allocated for each response PRS ID in the response PRS ID group.
- the direction angle PRS muting rule may define a different direction angle range for each response PRS ID group.
- An apparatus for performing positioning through a sidelink includes a radio frequency (RF) transceiver and a processor connected to the RF transceiver, and the processor receives a request PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) from the positioning terminal, and the Determines a direction angle of the positioning terminal reference based on the request PRS, determines a response PRS ID corresponding to the request PRS ID (Identifier) of the request RRS based on the determined direction angle, and corresponds to the determined response PRS ID Response PRS can be transmitted.
- RF radio frequency
- the processor may determine the direction angle based on an angle of arrival (AoA), which is an angle of incidence measured for the request PRS based on local coordinates or global coordinates.
- AoA angle of arrival
- the processor when the processor uses the local coordinates, the processor receives information about a heading angle of the positioning terminal from the positioning terminal, and determines the heading angle of the vehicle terminal and the heading angle of the positioning terminal. Based on the AoA offset, the determined direction angle may be corrected based on the AoA offset.
- the processor may select any one of the response PRS IDs through a predetermined direction angle PRS muting rule from a pre-mapped response PRS ID group corresponding to the request PRS ID.
- the direction angle PRS muting rule may define a direction angle range allocated for each response PRS ID in the response PRS ID group.
- the direction angle PRS muting rule may define a different direction angle range for each response PRS ID group.
- Various embodiments have an advantage of providing a method and apparatus for a positioning terminal to measure the relative position of a neighboring terminal through a sidelink in an NR-V2X system.
- various embodiments provide an on-demand relative position measurement method using a sidelink that can prevent collision of response PRS between neighboring terminals through PRS muting based on an orientation angle, and an apparatus therefor.
- various embodiments are on-demand relative position measurement using sidelinks that can be utilized in various communication systems such as mmWAVE communication, licensed band communication, unlicensed band communication, and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) band communication.
- mmWAVE communication licensed band communication
- unlicensed band communication unlicensed band communication
- ITS Intelligent Transport Systems
- various embodiments have a side that can provide a safe and reliable positioning service by minimizing response PRS ID collision between neighboring vehicle terminals by dynamically selecting a limited positioning resource according to a predefined allocation pattern.
- various embodiments have an advantage of being able to perform positioning of a target vehicle through communication between vehicle terminals without the aid of surrounding infrastructure.
- 1 is a diagram for explaining by comparing V2X communication based on RAT before NR and V2X communication based on NR
- FIG 2 shows the structure of an LTE system.
- 3 shows the structure of an NR system.
- FIG. 4 shows the structure of an NR radio frame.
- 5 shows a slot structure of an NR frame.
- FIG. 6 shows a radio protocol architecture for SL communication.
- FIG. 7 shows a terminal performing V2X or SL communication.
- FIG. 8 shows a resource unit for V2X or SL communication.
- FIG. 9 shows a procedure for a UE to perform V2X or SL communication according to a transmission mode.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of an architecture in a 5G system in which positioning of a UE connected to a Next Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN is possible according to an example of the present disclosure.
- NG-RAN Next Generation-Radio Access Network
- E-UTRAN E-UTRAN
- FIG. 11 shows an example implementation of a network for measuring a location of a UE according to an example of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for describing a directional PRS muting procedure according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for describing a method of measuring AoA_PRS using local coordinates and global coordinates according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a method of allocating and pre-configuring a response PRS ID based on AoA_PRS according to an embodiment.
- 15 is a diagram illustrating a method of selecting a response PRS ID through AoA_PRS and a direction angle PRS muting method according to an embodiment.
- 16 is a diagram illustrating a method of classifying a lane using a heading angle of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.
- 17 is a diagram for describing a PRS muting method based on a heading angle according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for describing a PRS muting method based on a heading angle considering an intersection according to an embodiment.
- 19 is a diagram for describing a generalized heading angle-based PRS muting method according to an embodiment.
- 21 illustrates a wireless device applicable to the present invention.
- FIG. 22 shows another example of a wireless device applied to the present invention.
- FIG. 23 illustrates a vehicle or an autonomous vehicle applied to the present invention.
- a positioning method through a sidelink includes receiving a request PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) from a positioning terminal, determining a direction angle based on the positioning terminal based on the request PRS, and the determined direction. It may include determining a response PRS ID corresponding to the request PRS ID of the request RRS based on each and transmitting a response PRS corresponding to the determined response PRS ID.
- PRS Positioning Reference Signal
- a wireless communication system is a multiple access system that supports communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (eg, bandwidth, transmission power, etc.).
- multiple access systems include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, and a single carrier frequency (SC-FDMA) system.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- division multiple access division multiple access
- MC-FDMA multi carrier frequency division multiple access
- Sidelink refers to a communication method in which a direct link is established between terminals (User Equipment, UEs) to directly exchange voice or data between terminals without going through a base station (BS).
- the sidelink is considered as one of the ways to solve the burden of the base station due to rapidly increasing data traffic.
- V2X vehicle-to-everything refers to a communication technology that exchanges information with other vehicles, pedestrians, and infrastructure-built objects through wired/wireless communication.
- V2X can be divided into four types: vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-network (V2N), and vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P).
- V2X communication may be provided through a PC5 interface and/or a Uu interface.
- RAT radio access technology
- NR new radio
- V2X vehicle-to-everything
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology such as universal terrestrial radio access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
- TDMA may be implemented with a radio technology such as global system for mobile communications (GSM)/general packet radio service (GPRS)/enhanced data rates for GSM evolution (EDGE).
- GSM global system for mobile communications
- GPRS general packet radio service
- EDGE enhanced data rates for GSM evolution
- OFDMA may be implemented with wireless technologies such as IEEE (institute of electrical and electronics engineers) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, and E-UTRA (evolved UTRA).
- IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with a system based on IEEE 802.16e.
- UTRA is part of a universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS).
- 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) long term evolution (LTE) is a part of evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) that uses evolved-UMTS terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA), and employs OFDMA in downlink and SC in uplink.
- -Adopt FDMA is an evolution of 3GPP LTE.
- 5G NR is the successor technology of LTE-A, and is a new clean-slate type mobile communication system with features such as high performance, low latency, and high availability.
- 5G NR can utilize all available spectrum resources, from low frequency bands of less than 1 GHz to intermediate frequency bands of 1 GHz to 10 GHz and high frequency (millimeter wave) bands of 24 GHz or higher.
- LTE-A or 5G NR is mainly described, but the technical idea of the embodiment(s) is not limited thereto.
- E-UTRAN Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- the E-UTRAN includes a base station (BS) 20 that provides a control plane and a user plane to the terminal 10.
- the terminal 10 may be fixed or mobile, and may be referred to as other terms such as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile terminal (MT), and a wireless device.
- the base station 20 refers to a fixed station that communicates with the terminal 10, and may be referred to as an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, and the like.
- eNB evolved-NodeB
- BTS base transceiver system
- access point and the like.
- the base stations 20 may be connected to each other through an X2 interface.
- the base station 20 is connected to an Evolved Packet Core (EPC) 30 through an S1 interface, more specifically, a Mobility Management Entity (MME) through an S1-MME and a Serving Gateway (S-GW) through an S1-U.
- EPC Evolved Packet Core
- MME Mobility Management Entity
- S-GW Serving Gateway
- the EPC 30 is composed of MME, S-GW and P-GW (Packet Data Network-Gateway).
- the MME has access information of the terminal or information on the capabilities of the terminal, and this information is mainly used for mobility management of the terminal.
- S-GW is a gateway with E-UTRAN as an endpoint
- P-GW is a gateway with PDN as an endpoint.
- the layers of the Radio Interface Protocol between the terminal and the network are L1 (Layer 1) based on the lower three layers of the Open System Interconnection (OSI) standard model, which is widely known in communication systems. It can be divided into L2 (second layer) and L3 (third layer).
- L2 second layer
- L3 third layer
- the physical layer belonging to the first layer provides an information transfer service using a physical channel
- the radio resource control (RRC) layer located in the third layer is a radio resource between the terminal and the network. It plays the role of controlling.
- the RRC layer exchanges RRC messages between the terminal and the base station.
- 3 shows the structure of an NR system.
- the NG-RAN may include a gNB and/or an eNB that provides a terminal with a user plane and a control plane protocol termination.
- 7 illustrates a case where only gNB is included.
- the gNB and the eNB are connected to each other through an Xn interface.
- the gNB and eNB are connected to the 5th generation core network (5G Core Network: 5GC) through the NG interface.
- 5G Core Network: 5GC 5th generation core network
- AMF access and mobility management function
- UPF user plane function
- FIG. 4 shows the structure of an NR radio frame.
- radio frames can be used in uplink and downlink transmission in NR.
- the radio frame has a length of 10 ms and may be defined as two 5 ms half-frames (HF).
- the half-frame may include five 1ms subframes (Subframe, SF).
- a subframe may be divided into one or more slots, and the number of slots within a subframe may be determined according to a subcarrier spacing (SCS).
- SCS subcarrier spacing
- Each slot may include 12 or 14 OFDM(A) symbols according to a cyclic prefix (CP).
- CP cyclic prefix
- each slot may include 14 symbols.
- each slot may include 12 symbols.
- the symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or CP-OFDM symbol), a Single Carrier-FDMA (SC-FDMA) symbol (or a Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol).
- Table 1 below shows the number of symbols per slot ((N slot symb ), the number of slots per frame ((N frame,u slot )) and the number of slots per subframe according to the SCS setting (u) when normal CP is used. ((N subframe,u slot ) is illustrated.
- Table 2 exemplifies the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per frame, and the number of slots per subframe according to the SCS when the extended CP is used.
- OFDM(A) numerology eg, SCS, CP length, etc.
- the (absolute time) section of the time resource eg, subframe, slot, or TTI
- TU Time Unit
- multiple numerology or SCS to support various 5G services may be supported. For example, when the SCS is 15 kHz, a wide area in traditional cellular bands can be supported, and when the SCS is 30 kHz/60 kHz, a dense-urban, lower delay latency) and a wider carrier bandwidth may be supported. When the SCS is 60 kHz or higher, a bandwidth greater than 24.25 GHz may be supported to overcome phase noise.
- the NR frequency band can be defined as two types of frequency ranges.
- the two types of frequency ranges may be FR1 and FR2.
- the numerical value of the frequency range may be changed, for example, the frequency ranges of the two types may be as shown in Table 3 below.
- FR1 may mean "sub 6GHz range”
- FR2 may mean "above 6GHz range” and may be called a millimeter wave (mmW).
- mmW millimeter wave
- FR1 may include a band of 410MHz to 7125MHz as shown in Table 4 below. That is, FR1 may include a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher. For example, a frequency band of 6 GHz (or 5850, 5900, 5925 MHz, etc.) or higher included in FR1 may include an unlicensed band.
- the unlicensed band can be used for a variety of purposes, and can be used, for example, for communication for vehicles (eg, autonomous driving).
- 5 shows a slot structure of an NR frame.
- a slot includes a plurality of symbols in the time domain. For example, in the case of a normal CP, one slot includes 14 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 12 symbols. Alternatively, in the case of a normal CP, one slot includes 7 symbols, but in the case of an extended CP, one slot may include 6 symbols.
- the carrier includes a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- a resource block (RB) may be defined as a plurality of (eg, 12) consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- BWP Bandwidth Part
- P Physical Resource Blocks
- the carrier may include up to N (eg, 5) BWPs. Data communication can be performed through an activated BWP.
- Each element may be referred to as a resource element (RE) in the resource grid, and one complex symbol may be mapped.
- the radio interface between the terminal and the terminal or the radio interface between the terminal and the network may be composed of an L1 layer, an L2 layer, and an L3 layer.
- the L1 layer may mean a physical layer.
- the L2 layer may mean at least one of a MAC layer, an RLC layer, a PDCP layer, and an SDAP layer.
- the L3 layer may mean an RRC layer.
- V2X or SL (sidelink) communication will be described.
- FIG. 6 shows a radio protocol architecture for SL communication. Specifically, FIG. 6A shows a user plane protocol stack of NR, and FIG. 6B shows a control plane protocol stack of NR.
- SLSS sidelink synchronization signal
- SLSS is an SL-specific sequence and may include a Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (PSSS) and a Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal (SSSS).
- PSSS Primary Sidelink Synchronization Signal
- SSSS Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal
- S-PSS Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal
- S-SSS Secondary Sidelink Synchronization Signal
- length-127 M-sequences may be used for S-PSS
- length-127 Gold sequences may be used for S-SSS.
- the terminal may detect an initial signal using S-PSS and may acquire synchronization.
- the terminal may acquire detailed synchronization using S-PSS and S-SSS, and may detect a synchronization signal ID.
- the PSBCH Physical Sidelink Broadcast Channel
- the PSBCH may be a (broadcast) channel through which basic (system) information that the terminal needs to know first before transmitting and receiving SL signals is transmitted.
- the basic information includes information related to SLSS, duplex mode (DM), TDD UL/DL (Time Division Duplex Uplink/Downlink) configuration, resource pool related information, type of application related to SLSS, It may be a subframe offset, broadcast information, and the like.
- the payload size of the PSBCH may be 56 bits including a 24-bit CRC.
- S-PSS, S-SSS, and PSBCH may be included in a block format supporting periodic transmission (e.g., SL SS (Synchronization Signal) / PSBCH block, hereinafter S-SSB (Sidelink-Synchronization Signal Block)).
- the S-SSB may have the same numanology (i.e., SCS and CP length) as the PSCCH (Physical Sidelink Control Channel)/PSSCH (Physical Sidelink Shared Channel) in the carrier, and the transmission bandwidth is (pre-) BWP).
- the bandwidth of the S-SSB may be 11 Resource Blocks (RBs).
- PSBCH may span 11 RBs.
- the frequency position of the S-SSB may be set (in advance). Therefore, the terminal does not need to perform hypothesis detection in frequency to discover the S-SSB in the carrier.
- the transmitting terminal may transmit one or more S-SSBs to the receiving terminal within one S-SSB transmission period according to the SCS.
- the number of S-SSBs that the transmitting terminal transmits to the receiving terminal within one S-SSB transmission period may be pre-configured or configured to the transmitting terminal.
- the S-SSB transmission period may be 160 ms.
- an S-SSB transmission period of 160 ms may be supported.
- the transmitting terminal may transmit one or two S-SSBs to the receiving terminal within one S-SSB transmission period. For example, when the SCS is 30 kHz in FR1, the transmitting terminal may transmit one or two S-SSBs to the receiving terminal within one S-SSB transmission period. For example, when the SCS is 60 kHz in FR1, the transmitting terminal may transmit 1, 2, or 4 S-SSBs to the receiving terminal within one S-SSB transmission period.
- the transmitting terminal can transmit 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 S-SSBs to the receiving terminal within one S-SSB transmission period. have.
- the transmitting terminal sends 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 or 64 S-SSBs to the receiving terminal within one S-SSB transmission period. Can be transmitted.
- the structure of the S-SSB transmitted from the transmitting terminal to the receiving terminal may be different according to the CP type.
- the CP type may be a normal CP (NCP) or an extended CP (ECP).
- NCP normal CP
- ECP extended CP
- the number of symbols for mapping the PSBCH in the S-SSB transmitted by the transmitting terminal may be 9 or 8.
- the CP type is ECP
- the number of symbols for mapping the PSBCH in the S-SSB transmitted by the transmitting terminal may be 7 or 6.
- PSBCH may be mapped to the first symbol in the S-SSB transmitted by the transmitting terminal.
- a receiving terminal receiving the S-SSB may perform an automatic gain control (AGC) operation in the first symbol interval of the S-SSB.
- AGC automatic gain control
- FIG. 7 shows a terminal performing V2X or SL communication.
- terminal may mainly mean a user terminal.
- the base station may also be regarded as a kind of terminal.
- terminal 1 may be the first device 100 and terminal 2 may be the second device 200.
- terminal 1 may select a resource unit corresponding to a specific resource from within a resource pool that means a set of a series of resources.
- UE 1 may transmit an SL signal using the resource unit.
- terminal 2 which is a receiving terminal, may be configured with a resource pool through which terminal 1 can transmit a signal, and may detect a signal of terminal 1 in the resource pool.
- the base station may inform the terminal 1 of the resource pool.
- the terminal 1 is outside the connection range of the base station, another terminal notifies the resource pool to the terminal 1, or the terminal 1 may use a preset resource pool.
- the resource pool may be composed of a plurality of resource units, and each terminal may select one or a plurality of resource units and use it for transmission of its own SL signal.
- FIG. 8 shows a resource unit for V2X or SL communication.
- the total frequency resources of the resource pool may be divided into NF, and the total time resources of the resource pool may be divided into NT. Therefore, a total of NF * NT resource units can be defined in the resource pool. 8 shows an example in which a corresponding resource pool is repeated in a period of NT subframes.
- one resource unit (eg, Unit #0) may be periodically repeated.
- an index of a physical resource unit to which one logical resource unit is mapped may change in a predetermined pattern over time.
- the resource pool may mean a set of resource units that can be used for transmission by a terminal to transmit an SL signal.
- Resource pools can be subdivided into several types. For example, according to the content of the SL signal transmitted from each resource pool, the resource pool may be classified as follows.
- SA Scheduling Assignment
- MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
- MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
- TA Timing Advance
- the SA may be multiplexed with SL data on the same resource unit and transmitted.
- the SA resource pool may mean a resource pool in which the SA is multiplexed with SL data and transmitted.
- SA may also be referred to as an SL control channel.
- the SL data channel may be a resource pool used by a transmitting terminal to transmit user data. If SA is multiplexed and transmitted along with SL data on the same resource unit, only SL data channels excluding SA information may be transmitted from the resource pool for the SL data channel. In other words, REs (Resource Elements) used to transmit SA information on individual resource units in the SA resource pool may still be used to transmit SL data in the resource pool of the SL data channel. For example, the transmitting terminal may transmit the PSSCH by mapping the PSSCH to consecutive PRBs.
- the discovery channel may be a resource pool for the transmitting terminal to transmit information such as its ID. Through this, the transmitting terminal can allow the neighboring terminal to discover itself.
- the transmission timing determination method of the SL signal e.g., whether it is transmitted at the time of reception of the synchronization reference signal or is transmitted by applying a certain timing advance at the time of reception
- resources Allocation method e.g., whether the base station assigns the transmission resource of an individual signal to an individual transmitting terminal or whether the individual transmitting terminal selects an individual signal transmission resource by itself within the resource pool
- signal format e.g., each SL The number of symbols occupied by a signal in one subframe, or the number of subframes used for transmission of one SL signal
- signal strength from the base station may be divided into different resource pools.
- the transmission mode may be referred to as a mode or a resource allocation mode.
- a transmission mode may be referred to as an LTE transmission mode
- a transmission mode may be referred to as an NR resource allocation mode.
- (a) of FIG. 9 shows a terminal operation related to LTE transmission mode 1 or LTE transmission mode 3.
- (a) of FIG. 24 shows a terminal operation related to NR resource allocation mode 1.
- LTE transmission mode 1 may be applied to general SL communication
- LTE transmission mode 3 may be applied to V2X communication.
- (b) of FIG. 9 shows a terminal operation related to LTE transmission mode 2 or LTE transmission mode 4.
- (b) of FIG. 24 shows a terminal operation related to NR resource allocation mode 2.
- the base station may schedule SL resources to be used by the terminal for SL transmission.
- the base station may perform resource scheduling to UE 1 through PDCCH (more specifically, Downlink Control Information (DCI)), and UE 1 may perform V2X or SL communication with UE 2 according to the resource scheduling.
- PDCCH more specifically, Downlink Control Information (DCI)
- UE 1 may perform V2X or SL communication with UE 2 according to the resource scheduling.
- UE 1 may transmit Sidelink Control Information (SCI) to UE 2 through a Physical Sidelink Control Channel (PSCCH), and then transmit the SCI-based data to UE 2 through a Physical Sidelink Shared Channel (PSSCH).
- SCI Sidelink Control Information
- PSCCH Physical Sidelink Control Channel
- PSSCH Physical Sidelink Shared Channel
- the terminal may be provided or allocated resources for transmission of one or more SLs of one transport block (TB) from the base station through a dynamic grant.
- the base station may provide a resource for transmission of the PSCCH and/or PSSCH to the terminal by using the dynamic grant.
- the transmitting terminal may report the SL Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback received from the receiving terminal to the base station.
- HARQ SL Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request
- PUCCH resources and timing for reporting SL HARQ feedback to the base station may be determined based on an indication in the PDCCH for the base station to allocate resources for SL transmission.
- DCI may indicate a slot offset between DCI reception and a first SL transmission scheduled by DCI.
- the minimum gap between the DCI scheduling the SL transmission resource and the first scheduled SL transmission resource may not be less than the processing time of the corresponding terminal.
- the terminal may periodically provide or receive a resource set from the base station for transmission of a plurality of SLs through a configured grant.
- the to-be-set grant may include a set grant type 1 or a set grant type 2.
- the terminal may determine the TB to be transmitted in each case (occasions) indicated by a given configured grant (given configured grant).
- the base station can allocate SL resources to the terminal on the same carrier, and can allocate the SL resources to the terminal on different carriers.
- the NR base station may control LTE-based SL communication.
- the NR base station may transmit the NR DCI to the terminal to schedule LTE SL resources.
- a new RNTI for scrambling the NR DCI may be defined.
- the terminal may include an NR SL module and an LTE SL module.
- the NR SL module can convert the NR SL DCI to LTE DCI type 5A, and the NR SL module is X ms LTE DCI type 5A can be delivered to the LTE SL module as a unit.
- the LTE SL module may apply activation and/or release to the first LTE subframe Z ms later.
- the X can be dynamically displayed using a field of DCI.
- the minimum value of X may be different according to UE capability.
- the terminal may report a single value according to the terminal capability.
- X may be a positive number.
- the terminal may determine an SL transmission resource within an SL resource set by a base station/network or a preset SL resource.
- the set SL resource or the preset SL resource may be a resource pool.
- the terminal can autonomously select or schedule a resource for SL transmission.
- the terminal may perform SL communication by selecting a resource from the set resource pool by itself.
- the terminal may perform a sensing and resource (re) selection procedure to select a resource by itself within the selection window.
- the sensing may be performed on a sub-channel basis.
- UE 1 may transmit SCI to UE 2 through PSCCH, and then transmit the SCI-based data to UE 2 through PSSCH.
- the terminal may help select SL resources for other terminals.
- the UE in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may be configured with a configured grant for SL transmission.
- the terminal in NR resource allocation mode 2, the terminal may schedule SL transmission of another terminal.
- the UE in NR resource allocation mode 2, the UE may reserve SL resources for blind retransmission.
- the first terminal may instruct the second terminal of the priority of SL transmission using SCI.
- the second terminal may decode the SCI, and the second terminal may perform sensing and/or resource (re) selection based on the priority.
- the resource (re) selection procedure includes the step of the second terminal identifying a candidate resource in the resource selection window, and the second terminal selecting a resource for (re)transmission from the identified candidate resources can do.
- the resource selection window may be a time interval at which the UE selects a resource for SL transmission.
- the resource selection window may start at T1 ⁇ 0, and the resource selection window is based on the remaining packet delay budget of the second terminal.
- a specific resource is indicated by the SCI received from the first terminal by the second terminal, and the L1 SL RSRP measurement value for the specific resource is
- the second terminal may not determine the specific resource as a candidate resource.
- the SL RSRP threshold may be determined based on the priority of the SL transmission indicated by the SCI received from the first terminal by the second terminal and the priority of the SL transmission on the resource selected by the second terminal.
- the L1 SL RSRP may be measured based on the SL Demodulation Reference Signal (DMRS).
- DMRS SL Demodulation Reference Signal
- one or more PSSCH DMRS patterns may be set or preset in the time domain for each resource pool.
- the PDSCH DMRS configuration type 1 and/or type 2 may be the same as or similar to the frequency domain pattern of the PSSCH DMRS.
- the correct DMRS pattern can be indicated by SCI.
- the transmitting terminal may select a specific DMRS pattern from among DMRS patterns set for a resource pool or preset.
- the transmitting terminal may perform initial transmission of a transport block (TB) without reservation. For example, based on the sensing and resource (re) selection procedure, the transmitting terminal may reserve the SL resource for initial transmission of the second TB by using the SCI associated with the first TB.
- the UE may reserve resources for feedback-based PSSCH retransmission through signaling related to previous transmission of the same TB (Transport Block).
- the maximum number of SL resources reserved by one transmission including the current transmission may be 2, 3, or 4.
- the maximum number of SL resources may be the same regardless of whether HARQ feedback is enabled.
- the maximum number of HARQ (re) transmissions for one TB may be limited by setting or preset.
- the maximum number of HARQ (re) transmissions may be up to 32.
- the maximum number of HARQ (re)transmissions may be unspecified.
- the setting or preset may be for a transmitting terminal.
- HARQ feedback for releasing resources not used by the terminal may be supported.
- the UE may indicate to another UE one or more subchannels and/or slots used by the UE using SCI.
- the UE may indicate to another UE one or more subchannels and/or slots reserved by the UE for PSSCH (re)transmission using SCI.
- the minimum allocation unit of SL resources may be a slot.
- the size of the subchannel may be set for the terminal or may be preset.
- SCI sidelink control information
- Control information transmitted by the base station to the terminal through the PDCCH is referred to as DCI (Downlink Control Information), while control information transmitted by the terminal to another terminal through the PSCCH may be referred to as SCI.
- DCI Downlink Control Information
- SCI Downlink Control Information
- the UE may know the start symbol of the PSCCH and/or the number of symbols of the PSCCH.
- SCI may include SL scheduling information.
- the terminal may transmit at least one SCI to another terminal in order to schedule the PSSCH.
- one or more SCI formats may be defined.
- the transmitting terminal may transmit the SCI to the receiving terminal on the PSCCH.
- the receiving terminal may decode one SCI to receive the PSSCH from the transmitting terminal.
- the transmitting terminal may transmit two consecutive SCIs (eg, 2-stage SCI) to the receiving terminal on the PSCCH and/or PSSCH.
- the receiving terminal may decode two consecutive SCIs (eg, 2-stage SCI) to receive the PSSCH from the transmitting terminal.
- the SCI configuration fields are divided into two groups in consideration of the (relatively) high SCI payload size
- the SCI including the first SCI configuration field group is referred to as the first SCI or the 1st SCI.
- the SCI including the second SCI configuration field group may be referred to as a second SCI or a 2nd SCI.
- the transmitting terminal may transmit the first SCI to the receiving terminal through the PSCCH.
- the transmitting terminal may transmit the second SCI to the receiving terminal on the PSCCH and/or PSSCH.
- the second SCI may be transmitted to a receiving terminal through a (independent) PSCCH, or may be piggybacked and transmitted with data through a PSSCH.
- two consecutive SCIs may be applied for different transmissions (eg, unicast, broadcast, or groupcast).
- the transmitting terminal may transmit some or all of the following information to the receiving terminal through SCI.
- the transmitting terminal may transmit some or all of the following information to the receiving terminal through the first SCI and/or the second SCI.
- PSCCH-related resource allocation information for example, time/frequency resource location/number, resource reservation information (eg, period), and/or
- SL CSI transmission indicator (or SL (L1) RSRP (and/or SL (L1) RSRQ and/or SL (L1) RSSI) information transmission indicator), and/or
- -Reference signal eg, DMRS, etc.
- information related to decoding and/or channel estimation of data transmitted through the PSSCH for example, information related to the pattern of (time-frequency) mapping resources of the DMRS, rank ) Information, antenna port index information;
- the first SCI may include information related to channel sensing.
- the receiving terminal may decode the second SCI using the PSSCH DMRS.
- a polar code used for the PDCCH may be applied to the second SCI.
- the payload size of the first SCI may be the same for unicast, groupcast and broadcast.
- the receiving terminal does not need to perform blind decoding of the second SCI.
- the first SCI may include scheduling information of the second SCI.
- the transmitting terminal since the transmitting terminal may transmit at least one of SCI, the first SCI and/or the second SCI to the receiving terminal through the PSCCH, the PSCCH is SCI, the first SCI and/or the first SCI. It can be replaced/substituted with at least one of 2 SCIs. And/or, for example, SCI may be replaced/substituted with at least one of PSCCH, first SCI and/or second SCI. And/or, for example, since the transmitting terminal may transmit the second SCI to the receiving terminal through the PSSCH, the PSSCH may be replaced/replaced with the second SCI.
- TDMA time division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiples access
- ISI inter-symbol interference
- ICI inter-carrier interference
- SLSS sidelink synchronization signal
- MIB-SL-V2X master information block-sidelink-V2X
- RLC radio link control
- beamforming can be used for the purpose of overcoming a high generally high pathloss.
- mmWave uses analog beamforming, vehicles use their own antenna arrays in the process of beam acquisition or beam tracking, in different directions at different times. It is necessary to perform beam sweeping to switch the beam.
- a plurality of BWP ie, a plurality of configured sidelink BWP support and/or a plurality of active sidelink BWP
- This may be for supporting heterogeneous services/communications requiring different numerology, parameters and/or requirements, or may be the purpose of ICI reduction caused by a shorter CP length.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of an architecture in a 5G system in which positioning of a UE connected to a Next Generation-Radio Access Network (NG-RAN) or E-UTRAN is possible according to an example of the present disclosure.
- NG-RAN Next Generation-Radio Access Network
- E-UTRAN E-UTRAN
- the AMF receives a request for a location service related to a specific target UE from another entity such as a Gateway Mobile Location Center (GMLC), or starts a location service on behalf of a specific target UE in the AMF itself. You can decide to: Then, the AMF may transmit a location service request to the LMF (Location Management Function). Upon receiving the location service request, the LMF may process the location service request and return a processing result including the estimated location of the UE to the AMF. Meanwhile, when the location service request is received from another entity such as GMLC other than the AMF, the AMF may transmit the processing result received from the LMF to the other entity.
- GMLC Gateway Mobile Location Center
- ng-eNB new generation evolved-NB
- gNB are network elements of NG-RAN that can provide measurement results for location estimation, and can measure radio signals for target UEs and deliver the results to LMF.
- the ng-eNB may control several TPs (Transmission Points) such as remote radio heads or PRS-only TPs supporting a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS)-based beacon system for E-UTRA.
- TPs Transmission Points
- PRS Positioning Reference Signal
- the LMF is connected to an E-SMLC (Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center), and the E-SMLC may enable the LMF to access the E-UTRAN.
- E-SMLC Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center
- E-SMLC is OTDOA, one of the E-UTRAN positioning methods using downlink measurement obtained by the target UE through signals transmitted from the eNB and/or PRS-only TPs in the E-UTRAN by the LMF. (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) can be supported.
- the LMF may be connected to a SUPL Location Platform (SLP).
- SLP SUPL Location Platform
- the LMF may support and manage different location services for target UEs.
- the LMF may interact with a serving ng-eNB or a serving gNB for a target UE in order to obtain a location measurement of the UE.
- the LMF uses a location service (LCS) client type, required QoS (Quality of Service), UE positioning capabilities, gNB positioning capability, and ng-eNB positioning capability based on a positioning method. It is determined, and this positioning method can be applied to the serving gNB and/or the serving ng-eNB.
- the LMF may determine a location estimate for the target UE and additional information such as location estimation and speed accuracy.
- SLP is a Secure User Plane Location (SUPL) entity that is responsible for positioning through a user plane.
- SUPL Secure User Plane Location
- the UE downlinks through sources such as NG-RAN and E-UTRAN, different Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Terrestrial Beacon System (TBS), Wireless Local Access Network (WLAN) access point, Bluetooth beacon and UE barometric pressure sensor.
- Link signal can be measured.
- the UE may include an LCS application, and may access the LCS application through communication with a network to which the UE is connected or other applications included in the UE.
- the LCS application may include the measurement and calculation functions required to determine the location of the UE.
- the UE may include an independent positioning function such as GPS (Global Positioning System), and may report the location of the UE independently from NG-RAN transmission.
- the independently obtained positioning information may be used as auxiliary information of the positioning information obtained from the network.
- FIG. 11 shows an example implementation of a network for measuring a location of a UE according to an example of the present disclosure.
- CM-IDLE Connection Management-IDLE
- the AMF When the UE is in CM-IDLE (Connection Management-IDLE) state, when the AMF receives a location service request, the AMF establishes a signaling connection with the UE and provides a network trigger service to allocate a specific serving gNB or ng-eNB. Can be requested.
- This operation process is omitted in FIG. 16. That is, in FIG. 16, it may be assumed that the UE is in a connected mode. However, for reasons such as signaling and data inactivity, the signaling connection may be released by the NG-RAN while the positioning process is in progress.
- a 5GC entity such as a GMLC may request a location service for measuring the location of a target UE with a serving AMF.
- the serving AMF may determine that the location service for measuring the location of the target UE is required. For example, in order to measure the location of the UE for an emergency call, the serving AMF may directly determine to perform location service.
- the AMF transmits a location service request to the LMF according to step 2, and according to step 3a, the LMF serves location procedures for obtaining location measurement data or location measurement assistance data ng-eNB, You can start with serving gNB. Additionally, according to step 3b, the LMF may initiate location procedures for downlink positioning together with the UE. For example, the LMF may transmit position assistance data (Assistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355) to the UE, or may obtain a position estimate or a position measurement value. Meanwhile, step 3b may be additionally performed after step 3a is performed, but may be performed in place of step 3a.
- position assistance data Asssistance data defined in 3GPP TS 36.355
- the LMF may provide a location service response to the AMF.
- the location service response may include information on whether or not the UE's location estimation is successful and a location estimate of the UE.
- the AMF may transmit a location service response to a 5GC entity such as GMLC, and if the procedure of FIG. 11 is initiated by step 1b, the AMF is In order to provide a service, a location service response may be used.
- the positioning terminal transmits the request PRS to the neighboring terminal by using the request PRS ID that the reservation was successful, and the neighboring terminal transmits the response PRS as a response. At this time, when different neighboring terminals select the same response PRS ID and transmit the response PRS, collision between response PRSs may occur.
- the present embodiment proposes directional angle PRS muting (or PRS muting using orientation angle).
- a request-related operation and a response-related operation between a positioning terminal and a neighboring terminal can be primarily defined and configured in advance.
- Scheduling based on the pre-configured request/response PRS mapping rule is operated through the following two-step process.
- the request/response PRS ID may include PRS pattern and transmission location information that can be defined in the frequency/time domain according to the mapping rule.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram for describing a directional PRS muting procedure according to an embodiment.
- the directional angle PRS muting procedure may consist of two steps.
- STEP A is a process of selecting a response PRS ID group corresponding to the request PRS based on pre-configured request/response PRS mapping.
- the response PRS ID group for response PRS transmitted as a response can be mapped and configured in advance.
- the response PRS ID group consists of one or more response PRS IDs, and the neighboring terminal receiving the request PRS selects one response PRS ID from the response PRS ID group corresponding to the received request PRS ID, and then the selected response to the positioning terminal.
- Response PRS can be transmitted using the PRS ID.
- STEP B is a process of performing PRS muting using a direction angle, and a plurality of neighboring terminals may select one response PRS ID from a response PRS ID group and transmit a response PRS.
- the neighboring terminal may measure the AoA using the request PRS received from the positioning terminal, and then determine at which direction angle it is located with respect to the positioning terminal. Thereafter, the neighboring terminal may transmit a response PRS by selecting a response PRS ID and time to be used-that is, transmission timing-according to a pre-configured direction angle PRS muting rule.
- the direction angle PRS muting proposed according to the present embodiment operates on the assumption that the positioning terminal and the neighboring terminal use the same azimuth coordinates, and a response PRS having mutual orthogonality that can be transmitted in one PRS slot and/or simultaneously transmitted. It can be effectively applied when the number of neighboring terminals is greater than the number.
- the neighboring terminal may measure the AoA through the request PRS received from the positioning terminal, and select the response PRS ID through directional PRS muting.
- the neighboring terminals located within a certain azimuth angle range with respect to the positioning terminal can transmit the response PRS using the same response PRS ID at different times. have.
- the heading angle and AoA (or bearing) required to match the azimuth coordinates between the positioning terminal and the neighboring terminals and allocate the response PRS ID that can be used according to the direction angle at which the neighboring terminals are located relative to the positioning terminal are explained.
- the azimuth coordinates include local coordinates or global coordinates operated by the vehicle itself, and the local coordinates can be set differently for each terminal and applied, whereas the global coordinates are applied equally to all terminals. do.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram for describing a method of measuring AoA_PRS using local coordinates and global coordinates according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 13 illustrates a method of measuring a heading angle and AoA using local coordinates and global coordinates for a positioning terminal and one neighboring terminal, and a method of matching its local coordinates to the local coordinates of the positioning terminal by the neighboring terminals. It is a drawing to do.
- the local coordinates between the positioning terminal and the neighboring terminals may or may not be the same.
- the x-axis setting of the local coordinates may be set as the x-axis, or may be set through another reference, which has a longer length of the horizontal length and vertical length of the terminal.
- ⁇ ⁇ Represents the heading angle measured by the positioning terminal and the neighboring terminal, respectively.
- the heading angle is an angle between the x-axis of the local coordinate and the y-axis of the global coordinate, and may be measured in a counterclockwise direction.
- ⁇ ⁇ Denotes AoA measured by the positioning terminal and the neighboring terminal, respectively, where AoA may denote an incident angle measured in a counterclockwise direction based on the x-axis of the local coordinate.
- AoA_PRS indicates a direction in which a neighboring terminal is located based on a positioning terminal, and may be used to select a response PRS ID. A method of selecting the response PRS ID using AoA_PRS will be described in detail later.
- the neighboring terminals are based on the positioning terminal. It can be said that it is located in the direction. In this case, when determining the direction in which the neighboring terminals are located using the global coordinates, the heading angle from the positioning terminal may not be required.
- the direction angle measured by the neighboring terminal may mean AoA_PRS corrected in consideration of the heading angle received from the positioning terminal with respect to the AoA value measured using the request PRS.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a method of allocating and pre-configuring a response PRS ID based on AoA_PRS according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 14 shows an embodiment in which four different response PRS IDs (or PRS IDs) having mutual orthogonality are allocated to four direction angles based on the local coordinates of the positioning terminal.
- Table 5 shows the relationship between each response PRS ID and a direction angle shown in FIG. 14, and shows an embodiment in which different response PRS IDs are allocated to four direction angles.
- response PRS can be transmitted by selecting response PRS ID-1.
- 15 is a diagram illustrating a method of selecting a response PRS ID through AoA_PRS and a direction angle PRS muting method according to an embodiment.
- the probability that different neighboring terminals select the same response PRS ID may increase. That is, the collision probability of the response PRS of the neighboring terminal may increase.
- the problem that the collision probability of the response PRS increases as the number of neighboring terminals increases can be minimized by further subdividing the direction angle at which the neighboring terminals can be located, as shown in FIG. 15 and Table 6 below.
- Table 2 shows an embodiment in which the direction angles at which the neighboring terminals can be located are detailed to 16.
- the neighboring terminal still selects the same response PRS ID to determine the collision situation between response PRSs. There is a problem that is difficult to avoid.
- Directional angle PRS muting includes the same response PRS ID group in order to solve the above problem, but each PRS group may use the concept of a PRS group in which each PRS group has a different direction angle. In this case, in the direction angle PRS muting method according to the present embodiment, while one PRS group is transmitted, another PRS group may not transmit a response PRS.
- the direction angle based on the positioning terminal The neighboring terminals located in the same use PRS ID-0, but since the response PRS is controlled to transmit through different times or different PRS slots, it is possible to prevent a response PRS collision due to the use of the same response PRS ID in advance.
- reference numeral (a) denotes PRS group-0 that can be transmitted during PRS slot-(t) (or PRS slot time t), in which case other PRS group transmission is not allowed.
- reference numeral (b) denotes PRS group-1 which can be transmitted during PRS slot-(t+1)
- reference numeral (c) denotes PRS group-2 which can be transmitted during PRS slot-(t+2)
- Reference numeral (d) denotes PRS group-2 that can be transmitted during PRS slot-(t+3).
- the directional PRS muting method described in FIG. 15 may be repeatedly performed with a predetermined period, and in this case, the PRS muting period may be periodically or aperiodically determined and changed by the location server/LMF and/or base station, This is only one embodiment, and the vehicle-that is, a peripheral terminal or a positioning terminal-can determine and change itself.
- a PRS muting scheme based on a heading angle in consideration of a moving direction of a terminal is proposed.
- PRS muting is performed in order to minimize collisions between PRSs that may be caused by different base stations transmitting the same PRS ID during a PRS slot.
- the same PRS ID is transmitted through the PRS slot.
- PRS muting-related coordination between base stations may be controlled by a central coordinator such as a network.
- a central coordinator such as a network.
- a method for effectively coordinating PRS muting between terminals is required.
- a terminal when a terminal (UE) transmits a PRS for absolute or relative positioning, the number of terminals can be transmitted in one PRS slot and/or can be transmitted simultaneously. Branches could be caused if they were larger than the number of PRSs.
- the present embodiment proposes a PRS muting scheme based on a heading angle in consideration of a moving direction of a terminal as a method for minimizing collisions between the PRSs.
- a method of setting the heading angle in consideration of the surrounding environment in which the terminal moves When the terminal is mounted on a vehicle, coordinate PRS muting in consideration of various driving environments such as the vehicle driving lane (right or left lane) or entering an intersection.
- the PRS muting coordination of each vehicle may be determined by the heading angle of the ego-vehicle.
- the self vehicle means the own vehicle-that is, a positioning vehicle-and may be contrasted with a surrounding vehicle.
- a period for transmitting the PRS from each vehicle may be determined by the heading angle of the self-vehicle.
- a vehicle traveling in a right lane and a vehicle traveling in a left lane may transmit the same PRS ID at different times or through different PRS slots.
- both lanes can be divided through the heading angle. That is, a vehicle driving in the right lane and a vehicle driving in the left lane travel in opposite directions, that is, in opposite directions, and can be distinguished through a heading angle.
- the following describes a method of setting the heading angle in consideration of the surrounding environment in which the terminal moves before describing the proposed PRS muting method based on the heading angle.
- 16 is a diagram illustrating a method of classifying a lane using a heading angle of a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment.
- FIG. 16 shows an embodiment in which a vehicle driving a right lane and a vehicle driving a left lane are classified using a heading angle when the terminal is a vehicle.
- the local coordinates between the positioning terminal and the neighboring terminals may or may not be the same.
- the x-axis setting of the local coordinates may be set as the x-axis, or may be set through another reference, which has a longer length of the horizontal length and vertical length of the terminal.
- ⁇ ⁇ Represents the heading angle measured by the positioning terminal and the neighboring terminal, respectively.
- the heading angle is an angle between the x-axis of the local coordinate and the y-axis of the global coordinate, and may be measured in a counterclockwise direction.
- both lanes can be distinguished using a heading angle.
- the heading angle in this embodiment(s) may be used to distinguish both lanes rather than distinguishing the right lane and the left lane.
- a PRS transmission period for a terminal moving in a direction opposite to each other may be determined by a heading angle of the terminal.
- the same PRS ID may be transmitted through different times or different PRS slots configured in advance according to the heading angle.
- 17 is a diagram for describing a PRS muting method based on a heading angle according to an embodiment.
- each heading group may transmit the PRS using the same or the same PRS ID group at different times. That is, while a vehicle belonging to a specific heading group transmits PRS, a vehicle belonging to another heading group cannot transmit the PRS.
- Table 7 below shows the relationship between the heading group and the heading angle.
- the mobile terminal determines which heading group its heading angle belongs to before transmitting the PRS. Ie their heading angle is the condition If is satisfied, it can be determined that it belongs to the 0th heading group (or heading group-0). On the other hand, their heading angle is the condition If is satisfied, it can be determined that it belongs to the first heading group (or heading group-0). Thereafter, the terminal follows the PRS muting operation defined in advance with respect to each heading group.
- reference numeral (b) of FIG. 17 denotes a heading group-1 capable of transmitting a PRS during a PRS slot-(t+1).
- the heading angle-based PRS muting method described in FIG. 17 may be repeatedly performed with a predetermined period.
- the PRS muting period may be determined and changed periodically or aperiodically by the location server/LMF and/or base station, but this is only one embodiment, and the vehicle may determine and change it by itself.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for describing a PRS muting method based on a heading angle considering an intersection according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram for explaining an embodiment of a PRS muting method based on a heading angle in consideration of intersections having four different driving directions.
- Table 8 below shows the relationship between the heading group considering the intersection and the heading angle.
- the terminal when the terminal is a vehicle, the terminal first determines which heading group its heading angle belongs to, and PRS through different times or different PRS slots configured in advance according to the heading group. Can be transmitted.
- the mobile terminal before transmitting the PRS the heading group whose heading angle is It determines whether the condition of is satisfied and transmits the PRS during the PRS slot or the time during which PRS transmission for the corresponding heading group is allowed.
- 19 is a diagram for describing a generalized heading angle-based PRS muting method according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 19 is a generalized heading angle-based PRS muting method for a heading group- The inter-muting order is from It shows an embodiment that proceeds sequentially. Where the heading group- The inter-muting sequence may be performed in a pre-configured random pattern. Heading group from Fig. 19- It is shown that PRS transmission of another heading group is not allowed during a PRS slot in which PRS transmission of is allowed.
- PRS muting may be repeatedly performed with a certain period, and in this case, the PRS muting period may be periodically or aperiodically determined and changed by the location server/LMF and/or base station, but this is one embodiment. It is only possible, and the vehicle may decide and change it on its own.
- the default PRS muting operation is PRS muting, which operates as a fallback when heading angle measurement is impossible, when the reliability of the measured heading angle is low, when heading angle update is stopped, or when a terminal such as a vehicle is turned on for the first time. Means. Default PRS muting may be set and operated in various ways as in the following embodiments.
- the number of terminals is greater than the number of PRSs that can be transmitted in one PRS slot and/or have mutual orthogonality that can be simultaneously transmitted.
- a PRS muting method that considers the heading angle of the self-vehicle. This heading angle-based PRS muting method can effectively coordinate PRS muting between terminals in an ad-hoc network environment without a central coordinator.
- a communication system 1 applied to the present invention includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network.
- the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a wireless access technology (eg, 5G NR (New RAT), LTE (Long Term Evolution)), and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device.
- wireless devices include robots 100a, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2, eXtended Reality (XR) devices 100c, hand-held devices 100d, and home appliances 100e. ), an Internet of Thing (IoT) device 100f, and an AI device/server 400.
- the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, and the like.
- the vehicle may include an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) (eg, a drone).
- UAV Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
- XR devices include Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR)/Mixed Reality (MR) devices. It can be implemented in the form of a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance, a digital signage, a vehicle, or a robot.
- Portable devices may include smart phones, smart pads, wearable devices (eg, smart watches, smart glasses), computers (eg, notebook computers, etc.).
- Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, washing machines, and the like.
- IoT devices may include sensors, smart meters, and the like.
- the base station and the network may be implemented as a wireless device, and the specific wireless device 200a may operate as a base station/network node to other wireless devices.
- the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 through the base station 200.
- AI Artificial Intelligence
- the network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (eg, LTE) network, or a 5G (eg, NR) network.
- the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other through the base station 200/network 300, but may communicate directly (e.g. sidelink communication) without passing through the base station/network.
- the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g.
- V2V Vehicle to Vehicle
- V2X Vehicle to Everything
- the IoT device eg, sensor
- the IoT device may directly communicate with other IoT devices (eg, sensors) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.
- Wireless communication/connections 150a, 150b, and 150c may be established between the wireless devices 100a to 100f/base station 200, and the base station 200/base station 200.
- wireless communication/connection includes various wireless access such as uplink/downlink communication 150a, sidelink communication 150b (or D2D communication), base station communication 150c (eg relay, Integrated Access Backhaul). This can be achieved through technology (eg 5G NR)
- the wireless communication/connection 150a, 150b, 150c can transmit/receive radio signals to each other.
- the wireless communication/connection 150a, 150b, 150c can transmit/receive signals through various physical channels.
- At least some of a process of setting various configuration information various signal processing processes (eg, channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.), resource allocation process, and the like may be performed.
- various signal processing processes eg, channel encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, resource mapping/demapping, etc.
- resource allocation process e.g., resource allocation process, and the like.
- 21 illustrates a wireless device applicable to the present invention.
- the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 may transmit and receive wireless signals through various wireless access technologies (eg, LTE and NR).
- ⁇ the first wireless device 100, the second wireless device 200 ⁇ is the ⁇ wireless device 100x, the base station 200 ⁇ and/or ⁇ wireless device 100x, wireless device 100x) of FIG. 25 ⁇ Can be matched.
- the first wireless device 100 includes one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and may further include one or more transceivers 106 and/or one or more antennas 108.
- the processor 102 controls the memory 104 and/or the transceiver 106 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- the processor 102 may process information in the memory 104 to generate first information/signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information/signal through the transceiver 106.
- the processor 102 may store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory 104 after receiving a radio signal including the second information/signal through the transceiver 106.
- the memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102, or instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flow charts disclosed herein. It is possible to store software code including:
- the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chipset designed to implement a wireless communication technology (eg, LTE, NR).
- the transceiver 106 may be coupled with the processor 102 and may transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108.
- Transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver 106 may be mixed with an RF (Radio Frequency) unit.
- the wireless device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chipset.
- the UE or vehicle may include a processor 102 and a memory 104 connected to the RF transceiver.
- the memory 104 may include at least one program capable of performing an operation related to the embodiments described in FIGS. 12 to 19.
- the processor 102 receives a request PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) from the positioning terminal, determines a direction angle of the positioning terminal reference based on the request PRS, and a request PRS ID of the request RRS based on the determined direction angle. A response PRS ID corresponding to (Identifier) may be determined, and a response PRS corresponding to the determined response PRS ID may be transmitted.
- the processor 102 may perform an operation for determining the absolute position of the terminal according to embodiments for performing positioning using a sidelink described in FIGS. 12 to 19 based on a program included in the memory 104. have.
- a chip set including the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be configured.
- the chipset includes at least one processor and at least one memory that is operably connected to the at least one processor and causes the at least one processor to perform an operation when executed, and the operation is the operation.
- a request PRS ID Identity
- PRS Positioning Reference Signal
- the processor 102 may perform an operation for determining the absolute position of the terminal according to embodiments for performing positioning using a sidelink described in FIGS. 12 to 19 based on a program included in the memory 104. have.
- a computer-readable storage medium including at least one computer program for causing the at least one processor to perform an operation
- the operation includes the steps of receiving a request PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) from a positioning terminal and the request Determining a direction angle based on the positioning terminal based on the PRS, determining a response PRS ID corresponding to the request PRS ID (Identifier) of the request RRS based on the determined direction angle, and the determined response PRS ID It may include the step of transmitting the corresponding response PRS.
- the processor 102 may perform an operation for determining the absolute position of the terminal according to embodiments for performing positioning using a sidelink described in FIGS. 12 to 19 based on a program included in the memory 104. have.
- the second wireless device 200 includes one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and may further include one or more transceivers 206 and/or one or more antennas 208.
- the processor 202 controls the memory 204 and/or the transceiver 206 and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein.
- the processor 202 may process information in the memory 204 to generate third information/signal, and then transmit a wireless signal including the third information/signal through the transceiver 206.
- the processor 202 may receive the radio signal including the fourth information/signal through the transceiver 206 and then store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signal in the memory 204.
- the memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202 and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202, or instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flow charts disclosed in this document. It is possible to store software code including:
- the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (eg, LTE, NR).
- the transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and may transmit and/or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208.
- the transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and/or a receiver.
- the transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit.
- the wireless device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.
- the processor 202 receives a request PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) from the positioning terminal, determines a direction angle of the positioning terminal reference based on the request PRS, and a request PRS ID of the request RRS based on the determined direction angle. A response PRS ID corresponding to (Identifier) may be determined, and a response PRS corresponding to the determined response PRS ID may be transmitted.
- the processor 202 may perform an operation for determining the absolute position of the terminal according to embodiments for performing positioning using a sidelink described in FIGS. 12 to 19 based on a program included in the memory 204. have
- a chip set including the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be configured.
- the chipset includes at least one processor and at least one memory that is operatively connected to the at least one processor and causes the at least one processor to perform an operation when executed, and the operation is a positioning terminal Receiving a request PRS (Positioning Reference Signal) from and determining a direction angle of the positioning terminal reference based on the request PRS and corresponding to the request PRS ID (Identifier) of the request RRS based on the determined direction angle It may include determining a response PRS ID and transmitting a response PRS corresponding to the determined response PRS ID.
- the processor 202 may perform an operation for determining the absolute position of the terminal according to embodiments for performing positioning using a sidelink described in FIGS. 12 to 19 based on a program included in the memory 204. have.
- one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or more processors 102, 202.
- one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (eg, functional layers such as PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP, RRC, and SDAP).
- One or more processors 102, 202 may be configured to generate one or more Protocol Data Units (PDUs) and/or one or more Service Data Units (SDUs) according to the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flow charts disclosed herein Can be generated.
- PDUs Protocol Data Units
- SDUs Service Data Units
- One or more processors 102, 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the description, function, procedure, proposal, method, and/or operational flow chart disclosed herein. At least one processor (102, 202) generates a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) containing PDU, SDU, message, control information, data or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed in this document. , Can be provided to one or more transceivers (106, 206).
- a signal e.g., a baseband signal
- One or more processors 102, 202 may receive signals (e.g., baseband signals) from one or more transceivers 106, 206, and the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed herein PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data, or information may be obtained according to the parameters.
- signals e.g., baseband signals
- One or more of the processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor, or microcomputer.
- One or more of the processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- the description, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, and the like.
- the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow charts disclosed in this document are configured to perform firmware or software included in one or more processors 102, 202, or stored in one or more memories 104, 204, and It may be driven by the above processors 102 and 202.
- the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions, and/or sets of instructions.
- One or more memories 104, 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102, 202, and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and/or instructions.
- One or more of the memories 104 and 204 may be composed of ROM, RAM, EPROM, flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media, and/or combinations thereof.
- One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located inside and/or outside of one or more processors 102 and 202.
- one or more memories 104, 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102, 202 through various technologies such as wired or wireless connection.
- One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may transmit user data, control information, radio signals/channels, and the like mentioned in the methods and/or operation flow charts of this document to one or more other devices.
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) may receive user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc., mentioned in the description, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document from one or more other devices. have.
- one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and may transmit and receive wireless signals.
- one or more processors 102, 202 may control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices.
- one or more processors 102, 202 may control one or more transceivers 106, 206 to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices.
- one or more transceivers (106, 206) may be connected to one or more antennas (108, 208), one or more transceivers (106, 206) through the one or more antennas (108, 208), the description and functions disclosed in this document.
- one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (eg, antenna ports).
- One or more transceivers (106, 206) in order to process the received user data, control information, radio signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (102, 202), the received radio signal / channel, etc. in the RF band signal. It can be converted into a baseband signal.
- One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from a baseband signal to an RF band signal.
- one or more of the transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters.
- the wireless device 22 shows another example of a wireless device applied to the present invention.
- the wireless device may be implemented in various forms according to use-examples/services (see FIG. 20).
- the wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to the wireless devices 100 and 200 of FIG. 22, and various elements, components, units/units, and / Or it can be composed of a module (module).
- the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130, and an additional element 140.
- the communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver(s) 114.
- the communication circuit 112 may include one or more processors 102 and 202 and/or one or more memories 104 and 204 of FIG. 26.
- the transceiver(s) 114 may include one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and/or one or more antennas 108 and 208 of FIG.
- the control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory unit 130, and the additional element 140 and controls all operations of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical/mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program/code/command/information stored in the memory unit 130. In addition, the control unit 120 transmits the information stored in the memory unit 130 to an external (eg, other communication device) through the communication unit 110 through a wireless/wired interface, or externally through the communication unit 110 (eg, Information received through a wireless/wired interface from another communication device) may be stored in the memory unit 130.
- an external eg, other communication device
- the additional element 140 may be configured in various ways depending on the type of wireless device.
- the additional element 140 may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an I/O unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit.
- wireless devices include robots (FIGS. 25, 100a), vehicles (FIGS. 25, 100b-1, 100b-2), XR devices (FIGS. 25, 100c), portable devices (FIGS. 21, 100d), and home appliances. (FIGS. 25, 100e), IoT devices (FIGS.
- digital broadcasting terminals It may be implemented in the form of an AI server/device (FIGS. 25 and 400), a base station (FIGS. 25 and 200), and a network node.
- the wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed place depending on the use-example/service.
- various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 may be entirely interconnected through a wired interface, or at least some may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110.
- the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 are connected by wire, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (eg, 130, 140) are connected through the communication unit 110.
- the control unit 120 and the first unit eg, 130, 140
- each element, component, unit/unit, and/or module in the wireless device 100 and 200 may further include one or more elements.
- the control unit 120 may be configured with one or more processor sets.
- control unit 120 may be composed of a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphic processing processor, and a memory control processor.
- memory unit 130 includes random access memory (RAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, volatile memory, and non-volatile memory. volatile memory) and/or a combination thereof.
- the vehicle or autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, a vehicle, a train, an aerial vehicle (AV), a ship, or the like.
- AV aerial vehicle
- the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 100 includes an antenna unit 108, a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a driving unit 140a, a power supply unit 140b, a sensor unit 140c, and autonomous driving. It may include a unit (140d).
- the antenna unit 108 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 110.
- Blocks 110/130/140a to 140d correspond to blocks 110/130/140 of FIG. 23, respectively.
- the antenna unit 108 may be composed of a plurality of distributed antennas distributed in a vehicle.
- the positions of the distributed antennas disposed on the vehicle may be different depending on the vehicle.
- a reference point for indicating the relative position of the distributed antenna in the vehicle may be predefined and recorded in a memory provided in the vehicle and maintained. In this case, the reference point may be defined differently depending on the vehicle.
- the communication unit 110 may transmit and receive signals (eg, data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (e.g. base stations, roadside base stations, etc.), and servers.
- the controller 120 may perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100.
- the control unit 120 may include an Electronic Control Unit (ECU).
- the driving unit 140a may cause the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 to travel on the ground.
- the driving unit 140a may include an engine, a motor, a power train, a wheel, a brake, a steering device, and the like.
- the power supply unit 140b supplies power to the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100, and may include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, and the like.
- the sensor unit 140c may obtain vehicle status, surrounding environment information, user information, and the like.
- the sensor unit 140c is an IMU (inertial measurement unit) sensor, a collision sensor, a wheel sensor, a speed sensor, an inclination sensor, a weight detection sensor, a heading sensor, a position module, and a vehicle advancement. /Reverse sensor, battery sensor, fuel sensor, tire sensor, steering sensor, temperature sensor, humidity sensor, ultrasonic sensor, illuminance sensor, pedal position sensor, etc. can be included.
- the autonomous driving unit 140d is a technology that maintains a driving lane, a technology that automatically adjusts the speed such as adaptive cruise control, a technology that automatically travels along a predetermined route, and automatically sets a route when a destination is set. Technology, etc. can be implemented.
- the communication unit 110 may receive map data, traffic information data, and the like from an external server.
- the autonomous driving unit 140d may generate an autonomous driving route and a driving plan based on the acquired data.
- the controller 120 may control the driving unit 140a so that the vehicle or the autonomous vehicle 100 moves along the autonomous driving path according to the driving plan (eg, speed/direction adjustment).
- the communication unit 110 asynchronously/periodically acquires the latest traffic information data from an external server, and may acquire surrounding traffic information data from surrounding vehicles.
- the sensor unit 140c may acquire vehicle status and surrounding environment information.
- the autonomous driving unit 140d may update the autonomous driving route and the driving plan based on the newly acquired data/information.
- the communication unit 110 may transmit information about a vehicle location, an autonomous driving route, and a driving plan to an external server.
- the external server may predict traffic information data in advance using AI technology or the like, based on information collected from the vehicle or autonomously driving vehicles, and may provide the predicted traffic information data to the vehicle or autonomously driving vehicles.
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (XXX, YYY) of the present specification may include LTE, NR, and 6G, as well as Narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication.
- the NB-IoT technology may be an example of a Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) technology, and may be implemented in standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and/or LTE Cat NB2, and limited to the above name no.
- LPWAN Low Power Wide Area Network
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (XXX, YYY) of the present specification may perform communication based on the LTE-M technology.
- the LTE-M technology may be an example of an LPWAN technology, and may be referred to by various names such as enhanced machine type communication (eMTC).
- eMTC enhanced machine type communication
- LTE-M technology is 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-Bandwidth Limited (BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE Machine Type Communication, and/or 7) may be implemented in at least one of various standards such as LTE M, and is not limited to the above-described name.
- the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices (XXX, YYY) of the present specification is at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) considering low power communication.
- LPWAN Low Power Wide Area Network
- ZigBee technology can create personal area networks (PANs) related to small/low-power digital communication based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4, and may be referred to by various names.
- PANs personal area networks
- embodiments of the present invention have been mainly described based on a signal transmission/reception relationship between a terminal and a base station. Such a transmission/reception relationship is extended equally/similarly to signal transmission/reception between a terminal and a relay or a base station and a relay.
- a specific operation described as being performed by a base station in this document may be performed by its upper node in some cases. That is, it is apparent that various operations performed for communication with a terminal in a network comprising a plurality of network nodes including a base station may be performed by the base station or other network nodes other than the base station.
- the base station may be replaced by terms such as a fixed station, Node B, eNode B (eNB), and access point.
- the terminal may be replaced with terms such as user equipment (UE), mobile station (MS), mobile subscriber station (MSS), and the like.
- an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented by various means, for example, hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof.
- an embodiment of the present invention is one or more ASICs (application specific integrated circuits), DSPs (digital signal processors), DSPDs (digital signal processing devices), PLDs (programmable logic devices), FPGAs ( field programmable gate arrays), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.
- ASICs application specific integrated circuits
- DSPs digital signal processors
- DSPDs digital signal processing devices
- PLDs programmable logic devices
- FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
- processors controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, etc.
- an embodiment of the present invention may be implemented in the form of a module, procedure, or function that performs the functions or operations described above.
- the software code may be stored in a memory unit and driven by a processor.
- the memory unit may be located inside or outside the processor, and may exchange data with the processor through various known means.
- Embodiments of the present invention as described above can be applied to devices capable of communicating through various sidelinks.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
| SCS (15*2 u) | N slot symb | N frame,u slot | N subframe,u slot |
| 15KHz (u=0) | 14 | 10 | 1 |
| 30KHz (u=1) | 14 | 20 | 2 |
| 60KHz (u=2) | 14 | 40 | 4 |
| 120KHz (u=3) | 14 | 80 | 8 |
| 240KHz (u=4) | 14 | 160 | 16 |
| SCS (15*2 u) | N slot symb | N frame,u slot | N subframe,u slot |
| 60KHz (u=2) | 12 | 40 | 4 |
| Frequency Range designation | Corresponding frequency range | Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) |
| FR1 | 450MHz - 6000MHz | 15, 30, 60kHz |
| FR2 | 24250MHz - 52600MHz | 60, 120, 240kHz |
| Frequency Range designation | Corresponding frequency range | Subcarrier Spacing (SCS) |
| FR1 | 410MHz - 7125MHz | 15, 30, 60kHz |
| FR2 | 24250MHz - 52600MHz | 60, 120, 240kHz |
Claims (12)
- 차량 단말에서 사이드링크를 통한 측위 방법에 있어서,측위 단말로부터 request PRS(Positioning Reference Signal)을 수신하는 단계;상기 request PRS에 기반하여 상기 측위 단말 기준의 방향각을 결정하는 단계;상기 결정된 방향각에 기반하여 상기 request RRS의 request PRS ID에 상응하는 response PRS ID를 결정하는 단계; 및상기 결정된 response PRS ID에 상응하는 response PRS를 전송하는 단계를 포함하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 방향각은 로컬 좌표 또는 글로벌 좌표 기반으로 상기 request PRS에 대해 측정된 입사각인 AoA(Angle of Arrival)에 기반하여 결정되는 방법.
- 제2항에 있어서,상기 로컬 좌표를 이용하는 경우,상기 방법은,상기 측위 단말로부터 상기 측위 단말의 헤딩(heading) 각도에 대한 정보를 수신하는 단계;상기 차량 단말의 헤딩 각도와 상기 측위 단말의 헤딩 각도에 기반하여 AoA 옵셋을 결정하는 단계; 및상기 AoA 옵셋에 기반하여 상기 결정된 방향각을 보정하는 단계를 더 포함하는 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 response PRS ID는 상기 request PRS ID에 상응하여 사전 매핑된 response PRS ID 그룹에서 소정 방향각 PRS 뮤팅(Muting) 규칙을 통해 어느 하나가 선택되는 방법.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 방향각 PRS 뮤팅 규칙은 상기 response PRS ID 그룹 내 상기 response PRS ID 별 할당된 방향각 범위를 정의하는 방법.
- 제5항에 있어서,상기 방향각 PRS 뮤팅 규칙은 상기 response PRS ID 그룹 별 상이한 방향각 범위를 정의하는 방법.
- 사이드링크를 통해 측위를 수행하는 장치에 있어서,RF(Radio Frequency) 송수신기; 및상기 RF 송수신기와 연결되는 프로세서를 포함하고상기 프로세서는 측위 단말로부터 request PRS(Positioning Reference Signal)을 수신하고, 상기 request PRS에 기반하여 상기 측위 단말 기준의 방향각을 결정하고, 상기 결정된 방향각에 기반하여 상기 request RRS의 request PRS ID(Identifier)에 상응하는 response PRS ID를 결정하고, 상기 결정된 response PRS ID에 상응하는 response PRS를 전송하는 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 프로세서가 로컬 좌표 또는 글로벌 좌표 기반으로 상기 request PRS에 대해 측정된 입사각인 AoA(Angle of Arrival)에 기반하여 상기 방향각을 결정하는 장치.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 프로세서가 상기 로컬 좌표를 이용하는 경우,상기 프로세서가 상기 측위 단말로부터 상기 측위 단말의 헤딩(heading) 각도에 대한 정보를 수신하고, 상기 차량 단말의 헤딩 각도와 상기 측위 단말의 헤딩 각도에 기반하여 AoA 옵셋을 결정하고, 상기 AoA 옵셋에 기반하여 상기 결정된 방향각을 보정하는 장치.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 프로세서가상기 request PRS ID에 상응하여 사전 매핑된 response PRS ID 그룹에서 소정 방향각 PRS 뮤팅(Muting) 규칙을 통해 어느 하나의 상기 response PRS ID를 선택하는 장치.
- 제10항에 있어서,상기 방향각 PRS 뮤팅 규칙은 상기 response PRS ID 그룹 내 상기 response PRS ID 별 할당된 방향각 범위를 정의하는 장치.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 방향각 PRS 뮤팅 규칙은 상기 response PRS ID 그룹 별 상이한 방향각 범위를 정의하는 장치.
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| US17/754,818 US12267802B2 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2020-11-05 | Positioning method using sidelink, and device therefor |
| KR1020227012531A KR102788016B1 (ko) | 2019-11-08 | 2020-11-05 | 사이드링크를 이용한 측위 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 |
| EP20886136.9A EP4057719A4 (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2020-11-05 | POSITIONING METHOD USING A LATERAL LINK, AND ASSOCIATED DEVICE |
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| KR10-2019-0142312 | 2019-11-08 | ||
| KR20190142312 | 2019-11-08 | ||
| KR20190142298 | 2019-11-08 | ||
| KR10-2019-0142298 | 2019-11-08 |
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| EP (1) | EP4057719A4 (ko) |
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| WO2023093971A1 (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2023-06-01 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Resource conflict avoidance in a sidelink resource pool |
| CN116847275A (zh) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-10-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | 测距定位方法及终端 |
| WO2023224542A1 (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-11-23 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Determining ue orientation to support next generation application |
| WO2024065563A1 (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-04 | Zte Corporation | Methods and systems for resource configuration of sidelink positioning reference signal |
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| US12035203B2 (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2024-07-09 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for terminal to transmit first message in wireless communication system supporting sidelink, and device for same |
| US20220317278A1 (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-10-06 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Protocol exchange parameters for sidelink-based ranging and positioning |
| US20220386271A1 (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2022-12-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Sensing window configuration for sidelink based ranging and positioning |
| CN119999296A (zh) | 2022-10-20 | 2025-05-13 | 大陆汽车科技有限公司 | 用于侧链定位的方法和装置 |
| WO2024162755A1 (ko) * | 2023-01-31 | 2024-08-08 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 측위 보조 장치 기반의 측위를 수행하는 방법 및 측위 보조 장치 |
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| CN116847275A (zh) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-10-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | 测距定位方法及终端 |
| WO2023224542A1 (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-11-23 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Determining ue orientation to support next generation application |
| WO2024065563A1 (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-04 | Zte Corporation | Methods and systems for resource configuration of sidelink positioning reference signal |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US12267802B2 (en) | 2025-04-01 |
| KR102788016B1 (ko) | 2025-03-31 |
| KR20220065806A (ko) | 2022-05-20 |
| US20230319761A1 (en) | 2023-10-05 |
| EP4057719A1 (en) | 2022-09-14 |
| EP4057719A4 (en) | 2023-12-20 |
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