WO2021098186A1 - 具有定子和转子的装置及风力发电机组 - Google Patents

具有定子和转子的装置及风力发电机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021098186A1
WO2021098186A1 PCT/CN2020/094455 CN2020094455W WO2021098186A1 WO 2021098186 A1 WO2021098186 A1 WO 2021098186A1 CN 2020094455 W CN2020094455 W CN 2020094455W WO 2021098186 A1 WO2021098186 A1 WO 2021098186A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
stator
air gap
rotating
fixedly connected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/094455
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘立坤
李延慧
彭亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Xinjiang Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xinjiang Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Xinjiang Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
Priority to EP20889607.6A priority Critical patent/EP4064522A4/en
Priority to US17/756,268 priority patent/US12003166B2/en
Priority to BR112022009883-9A priority patent/BR112022009883B1/pt
Priority to CA3159165A priority patent/CA3159165C/en
Priority to AU2020387700A priority patent/AU2020387700B2/en
Publication of WO2021098186A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021098186A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to ZA2022/06382A priority patent/ZA202206382B/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/06—Rotors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING SYSTEMS, e.g. PERSONAL CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/18—Status alarms
    • G08B21/182—Level alarms, e.g. alarms responsive to variables exceeding a threshold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K15/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining or repairing of dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K15/16—Centring rotors within the stators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
    • H02K7/085—Structural association with bearings radially supporting the rotary shaft at only one end of the rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/03—Machines characterised by aspects of the air-gap between rotor and stator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/06—Machines characterised by the presence of fail safe, back up, redundant or other similar emergency arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of power generation technology, in particular to a device with a stator and a rotor and a wind power generator set.
  • the air gap of the generator refers to the gap between the stator and the rotor of the generator. If the air gap of the generator is too large, the weaker the magnetic field induction between the stator and the rotor, the efficiency of the generator will be reduced; if the air gap of the generator is too large Small, because the generator vibrates or the load is uneven, the eccentricity of the rotor occurs during the rotation of the rotor, it is easy to sweep the bore and cause damage to the generator. Therefore, controlling the air gap to a reasonable value is a necessary condition to ensure the normal operation of the generator.
  • the prior art discloses a real-time measurement and control device for the air gap of a generator and a wind turbine.
  • the real-time measurement and control device for the air gap is provided with a plurality of displacement sensors on the stator of the generator, and monitors each measurement of the generator through the data fed back by the displacement sensors.
  • the air gap size at the point position although the change of the generator air gap can be understood through the displacement sensor, the sensor can only play a monitoring role and cannot provide better protection when the generator air gap is too small. Therefore, if the generator air gap is too small, If the gap is too small and is not found in time, the sensor cannot provide any effective protection measures, which may cause damage to the generator.
  • the technical problem to be solved by this application is to overcome the defect that the air gap real-time measurement and control device in the prior art cannot provide effective protective measures when the air gap is too small, which causes damage to the generator, so as to provide a method that can be used when the air gap is too small.
  • a device having a stator and a rotor including:
  • An air gap is formed between the rotor and the stator
  • the air gap protection device is fixedly connected to one of the stator and the rotor, and the radial distance between the air gap protection device and the other of the stator and the rotor is smaller than that between the stator and the rotor.
  • the air gap protection device By setting the air gap protection device to be fixedly connected to one of the stator and the rotor, the air gap protection device can rotate relative to the other of the stator and the rotor when in contact with the other, so that the stator and the rotor can be guaranteed to be normal
  • the relative rotation relationship between the air gap protection device and the other of the stator and the rotor is smaller than the radial distance between the stator and the rotor, so that during the relative rotation of the stator and the rotor, if the rotor is eccentric
  • it can ensure that the air gap protection device first contacts the other of the stator and the rotor without contacting the stator and the rotor, avoiding the occurrence of bore sweeping, and ensuring the stator
  • the device with the rotor will not be damaged, that is, when the air gap between the stator and the rotor is too small, effective protection can be provided, and the stability of the operation of the device with the stator and the rotor
  • the air gap protection device includes:
  • the body is fixedly connected with the stator
  • At least one rotating structure is connected to the end of the body close to the rotor, and the radial distance between the rotor and the rotating structure is smaller than the radial distance between the stator and the rotor.
  • the air gap protection device By arranging the air gap protection device to include a body fixedly connected to the stator and a rotating structure, the body can be fixed to the stator and the rotating structure can rotate relative to the rotor, so that the stator and the rotor will not be affected when they perform their respective functions. Stability of the stator and rotor.
  • the maximum gap between the rotating structure and the rotor is set within the allowable value range of the air gap.
  • the gap between the rotating structure and the rotor can meet the requirements of normal operation when the stator and rotor are in normal operation, ensuring that the stator and rotor Normal operation.
  • the rotating structure is a cylindrical structure whose axis is arranged along the axial direction of the air gap protection device, the side of the rotating structure facing the rotor is a mating surface, and the mating surface is The line with the smallest distance between the rotors is the matching line, and the curved surfaces passing through each of the matching lines are concentrically arranged with the curved surface of the rotor facing the stator.
  • the rotating structure is a cylinder, and the curved surface of the mating line passing through each rotating structure and the curved surface of the rotor facing the stator are arranged concentrically, so that the two curved surfaces are more compatible, and the rotor is in contact with the rotating structure
  • the area is larger, the friction force per unit area of the rotor and the rotating structure is smaller, so that the rotor rotates more smoothly.
  • the rotating structure is a sphere
  • the side of the rotating structure facing the rotor is a mating surface
  • the point with the smallest distance between the mating surface and the rotor is the mating point.
  • the curved surface of the matching point and the curved surface of the rotor facing the stator are arranged concentrically.
  • the material of the rotating structure is a wear-resistant non-metallic material.
  • the material of the rotating structure as a wear-resistant non-metallic material, the lubricating performance of the rotating structure is good, the elastic modulus is small, and the impact and friction resistance generated when the rotor is in contact with the rotating structure are smaller.
  • the material of the rotating structure is polyurethane or polyether ether ketone.
  • the rotating structure includes:
  • the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the main body;
  • the rotating part is connected to the main body and is coaxially arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and is adapted to rotate relative to the rotating shaft when contacting the rotor.
  • the rotating mechanism further includes:
  • the bearing is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft and arranged between the rotating shaft and the rotating part.
  • the rotation efficiency between the rotating shaft and the rotating part can be improved, and the radial accuracy can be improved.
  • the air gap protection device further includes at least two positioning plates, which are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the body, and the positioning plates are fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.
  • the positioning plate is fixedly connected to both sides of the main body, and the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, so that the positioning plate can fix the axial ends of the rotating shaft, preventing the rotating shaft from sliding off the main body along the axial direction, and it is convenient to disassemble and assemble.
  • At least one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a stepped boss or groove, the positioning plate is pressed on the end of the rotating shaft, and the positioning plate is provided with a concave matingly connected with the boss or groove. Groove or boss.
  • the end of the rotating shaft and the positioning plate are provided with stepped bosses and grooves that are matched and connected, and the positioning plate is pressed on the end of the rotating shaft, which can prevent the rotating shaft from rotating in the circumferential direction, making the fixing of the rotating shaft more firm, and Easy to disassemble and install.
  • the rotating part is a roller.
  • the rotating part By setting the rotating part as a roller, the friction between the rotor and the rotating part is rolling friction, and the rotating circumferential surface is used to reduce the impact of the rotor, preventing sudden collisions between the rotor and the rotating part, and making the rotating part realize
  • the rotating structure is simpler.
  • the end of the body away from the rotor is provided with a protrusion and at least one fixing bracket, the fixing bracket is arranged on at least one side of the protrusion, and the fixing bracket is fixedly connected with the stator.
  • the fixing bracket and the stator are fixedly connected by a second bolt.
  • the end surface of the stator is evenly provided with at least four convex parts along the circumferential direction, and the air gap protection device is fixedly connected to each convex part.
  • At least four convex parts are uniformly arranged on the end face of the stator in the circumferential direction, and each convex part is fixedly connected with an air gap protection device, so that the stator is provided with an air gap protection device at most every 90° in the circumferential direction.
  • eccentricity no matter which direction in the circumferential direction is close to the stator, it can first contact the roller of the air gap protection device to ensure the normal operation of the stator and the rotor.
  • the rotor includes:
  • the rotor end cover is spaced apart from the rotating structure
  • a rotor support fixedly connected to the rotor end cover
  • the magnetic yoke is arranged on the rotor support, the magnetic yoke is provided with magnetic poles, and an air gap is formed between the magnetic poles and the stator.
  • the device having a stator and a rotor is a generator.
  • the generator includes:
  • the displacement sensor is fixedly connected to the stator and is used for detecting the air gap between the stator and the rotor.
  • the generator includes:
  • a control device connected with the displacement sensor
  • An alarm device connected to the control device
  • the control device is used for controlling the alarm device to send an alarm signal when the detection value of the displacement sensor is less than a preset value.
  • the distance between the stator and the rotor can be detected in real time.
  • the control device controls the alarm device to give an alarm and promptly remind the operation and maintenance personnel. Check and repair to ensure the normal use of the generator.
  • a wind power generator set which includes the above-mentioned device having a stator and a rotor.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air gap protection device of this application.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the air gap protection device of the application
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind power generator of this application.
  • Figure 4 is an enlarged view of part D in Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wind power generator of this application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of part of the control connection of the wind generator of this application.
  • 100-Air gap protection device 101-body; 102-first bolt; 103-positioning plate; 104-rotation shaft; 105-roller; 106-second bolt; 107-protrusion; 109-stepped boss; 110 -Fixed bracket; 200-stator; 201-convex; 300-rotor; 301-rotor end cover; 302-rotor bracket; 303-magnetic pole; 400-displacement sensor; 500-control device; 600-alarm device; A-gas The radial distance between the gap protection device and the rotor; B- the radial distance between the stator and the rotor.
  • this embodiment provides a device with a stator and a rotor, including a stator 200, a rotor 300, and an air gap protection device 100.
  • the radial distance between the stator 200 and the rotor 300 is the air gap; the air gap protection device 100 is fixedly connected to one of the stator 200 and the rotor 300, and the air gap protection device 100 is connected to both the stator 200 and the rotor 300.
  • the radial distance between the other is smaller than the radial distance between the stator 200 and the rotor 300; and when the air gap protection device 100 is in contact with the other of the stator 200 and the rotor 300, it is relative to the stator 200 and the rotor 300. The other of the two rotates.
  • the air gap protection device 100 By arranging the air gap protection device 100 to be fixedly connected to one of the stator 200 and the rotor 300, the air gap protection device 100 can rotate relative to the other of the stator 200 and the rotor 300 when contacting the other of the stator 200 and the rotor 300, so that The stator 200 and the rotor 300 can ensure a normal relative rotation relationship, and the radial distance between the air gap protection device 100 and the other of the stator 200 and the rotor 300 is smaller than the radial distance between the stator 200 and the rotor 300, so that the stator During the relative rotation of the rotor 200 and the rotor 300, if the rotor 300 rotates eccentrically and the radial distance between the rotor 300 and the stator 200 is reduced, it can be ensured that the air gap protection device 100 contacts the other of the stator 200 and the rotor 300 first.
  • stator 200 and the rotor 300 contact, avoids the occurrence of bore sweeping, and ensures that the device with the stator and the rotor will not be damaged, that is, if the air gap between the stator 200 and the rotor 300 is too small, it can provide effective protection. Improve the stability of the operation of the device with stator and rotor.
  • the device with stator and rotor in this embodiment is a generator.
  • the generator in this embodiment is a wind generator with an outer rotor and an inner stator structure.
  • the device having a stator and a rotor may be a wind generator having an outer stator and an inner rotor structure, or a generator of other forms.
  • the device with the stator and the rotor is an electric motor, or other devices with a stator and a rotor, and the air gap between the stator and the rotor needs to be reduced to be able to support the air gap to ensure A device for the normal operation of the stator and rotor.
  • the air gap protection device 100 is fixedly connected to the stator 200, and the radial distance A between the air gap protection device 100 and the rotor 300 is smaller than the radial distance B between the stator 200 and the rotor 300; and the air gap protection When the device 100 is in contact with the rotor 300, it rotates relative to the rotor 300.
  • the air gap protection device 100 is fixedly connected to the rotor 300, and the radial distance between the air gap protection device 100 and the stator 200 is smaller than the radial distance between the stator 200 and the rotor 300; In addition, when the air gap protection device 100 is in contact with the stator 200, it rotates relative to the stator 200.
  • the air gap protection device 100 in this embodiment includes: a body 101 fixedly connected to the stator 200; a plurality of rotating structures, connected to the end of the body 101 close to the rotor 300, and the rotor 300 is connected to the rotating The radial distance between the structures is smaller than the radial distance between the stator 200 and the rotor 300.
  • the air gap protection device 100 By setting the air gap protection device 100 to include a body 101 fixedly connected to the stator 200 and a rotating structure, the body 101 can be fixed to the stator 200, and the rotating structure can rotate relative to the rotor 300, so that the stator 200 and the rotor 300 realize their respective The function is not affected, and the stability of the stator 200 and the rotor 300 is improved.
  • the rotating structure in this embodiment is a cylindrical structure whose axis is arranged along the axial direction of the air gap protection device 100, the side of the rotating structure facing the rotor 300 is the mating surface, and the line with the smallest distance between the mating surface and the rotor 300 is the mating line ,
  • the curved surfaces passing through the respective mating lines and the curved surfaces of the rotor 300 facing the stator 200 are arranged concentrically, wherein the axial direction of the air gap protection device 100 is the same as the motor axial direction of the generator.
  • the rotating structure By setting the rotating structure as a cylinder, and the curved surfaces passing through the mating lines of the respective rotating structures and the curved surfaces of the rotor 300 facing the stator 200 are arranged concentrically, the two curved surfaces are more compatible, and the area of the rotor 300 when in contact with the rotating structure The larger the friction force per unit area of the rotor 300 and the rotating structure is smaller, so that the rotor 300 can rotate more smoothly.
  • the rotating structure is a sphere
  • the side of the rotating structure facing the rotor 300 is the mating surface
  • the point with the smallest distance between the mating surface and the rotor 300 is the mating point
  • the curve passing through each mating point and the rotor is arranged concentrically.
  • the maximum gap between the rotating structure and the rotor 300 is set within the allowable value range of the air gap.
  • the allowable value range of the air gap between the stator 200 and the rotor 300 is that the set stator 200 and the rotor 300 are normal.
  • Operating air gap range By setting the maximum radial gap between the rotating structure and the rotor 300 within the allowable value range of the air gap, the gap between the rotating structure and the rotor 300 can meet the requirements of normal operation when the stator 200 and the rotor 300 are in normal operation. This improves the normal operation of the stator 200 and the rotor 300.
  • the material of the rotating structure in this embodiment is a wear-resistant non-metallic material.
  • the material of the rotating structure in this embodiment is polyurethane (PU).
  • PU polyurethane
  • the material of the rotating structure is polyether ether ketone (PEEK); or the material of the rotating structure is a metal material.
  • the rotating structure in this embodiment includes: a rotating shaft 104 fixedly connected to the main body 101; a rotating part connected to the main body 101 and coaxially arranged outside the rotating shaft 104, and the rotating part rotates relative to the rotating shaft 104.
  • a rotating shaft 104 fixedly connected to the rotating part, and the rotating shaft 104 rotates relative to the main body 101.
  • the rotating structure further includes a bearing, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 104 and is arranged between the rotating shaft 104 and the rotating part, and plays the role of providing a rotating pair and improving radial accuracy.
  • the bearing is a sliding bearing.
  • the bearing may be a rolling bearing.
  • the air gap protection device 100 in this embodiment further includes two upper and lower positioning plates 103, which are respectively fixedly connected to the upper and lower sides of the main body 101.
  • the two positioning plates 103 and the two ends of the plurality of rotating shafts 104 Fixed connection.
  • Two positioning plates 103 are fixedly connected on both sides of the main body 101, and the positioning plate 103 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 104, so that the positioning plate 103 can fix the axial ends of the rotating shaft 104 and prevent the rotating shaft 104 from moving along the axial direction from the main body 101. Sliding down, and easy to disassemble and assemble.
  • the positioning plate 103 and the main body 101 in this embodiment are fixedly connected by the first bolt 102.
  • a positioning plate 103 is provided at the upper and lower ends of each rotating shaft 104 for fixing.
  • no positioning plate is provided, but the rotating shaft 104 and the main body 101 are directly welded together to prevent the rotating shaft 104 from moving axially and circumferentially.
  • the upper end of the rotating shaft 104 in this embodiment is provided with a stepped boss 109
  • the upper positioning plate 103 is press-fitted on the end of the rotating shaft 104
  • the positioning plate 103 is provided with a matching connection with the boss ⁇ The groove.
  • the end of the rotating shaft 104 and the positioning plate 103 are provided with stepped bosses 109 and grooves that are matched and connected, and the positioning plate 103 is pressed on the end of the rotating shaft 104 to prevent the rotating shaft 104 from rotating in the circumferential direction with the rotating part.
  • the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft 104 and the upper and lower positioning plates 103 are provided with mutually matching bosses and grooves; or, only the lower end of the rotating shaft 104 and the positioning plates 103 on the lower side are provided. Set up bosses and grooves that match each other.
  • the positioning plate is not pressed on the end of the rotating shaft, as long as the positioning plate is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, such as a key connection or a tenon connection.
  • the main body 101 is welded and machined by low-carbon steel materials
  • the rotating shaft 104 is machined by stainless steel materials
  • the positioning plate 103 is machined by low-carbon steel materials.
  • the main body 101 may be welded or machined from steel materials such as ductile iron or cast steel after welding or casting.
  • the rotating shaft 104 may also be machined from steel materials such as mild steel, ductile iron, or cast steel.
  • the positioning plate 103 may be welded or machined by steel materials such as ductile iron or cast steel after welding or casting.
  • the rotating part in this embodiment is a roller 105.
  • the rotating part By setting the rotating part as a roller 105, the friction when the rotor 300 is in contact with the rotating part is rolling friction, and the rotating circumferential surface is used to reduce the impact force of the rotor 300, preventing sudden collision between the rotor 300 and the rotating part, and The structure for realizing the rotation of the rotating part is simpler.
  • the rotating part may be a rotating part arranged concentrically with the stator 200. One end of the rotating part is hinged to the center of the stator 200. When the rotor 300 is in contact with the rotating part, the rotating part can wrap around the stator 200. Center rotation.
  • the main body 101 in this embodiment is provided with a protrusion 107 and two fixing brackets 110 at one end away from the rotor 300.
  • the fixing brackets 110 are respectively arranged on both sides of the protrusion 107, and the fixing bracket 110 and the stator 200 fixed connection.
  • the fixing bracket 110 and the stator 200 are fixedly connected by the second bolt 106.
  • the end surface of the stator 200 in this embodiment is evenly provided with at least four protrusions 201 along the circumferential direction, and an air gap protection device 100 is fixedly connected to each protrusion 201.
  • At least four convex parts 201 are uniformly arranged on the end face of the stator 200 in the circumferential direction, and each convex part 201 is fixedly connected with an air gap protection device 100, so that the stator 200 is provided with an air gap protection device at most every 90° in the circumferential direction.
  • the device 100 can first contact the roller 105 of the air gap protection device 100 when the rotor 300 is eccentric, no matter which direction in the circumferential direction is close to the stator 200, so as to ensure the normal operation of the stator 200 and the rotor 300.
  • the protrusion 201 in this embodiment is a protrusion, and there are 12 protrusions and the air gap protection device 100.
  • the number of bumps and air gap protection devices 100 may also be 4, or 5 or 6, or the number of air gap protection devices 100 may be designed according to specific requirements such as load.
  • the rotor 300 in this embodiment includes a rotor end cover 301, a rotor support 302 fixedly connected to the rotor end cover 301, and a magnetic yoke.
  • the magnetic yoke is arranged on the rotor support 302, and the magnetic poles 303 are provided on the magnetic yoke.
  • An air gap is formed between the magnetic pole 303 and the stator 200.
  • the rotor end cover 301 is higher than the end surface of the stator 200, and the rotor end cover 301 is spaced apart from the rollers of the air gap protection device 100, and the air gap protection device 100 is fixed on the end surface of the stator 200.
  • the air gap protection device 100 In order to prevent unnecessary frictional resistance from contact between the air gap protection device 100 and the end cover of the rotor 300 during the normal operation of the generator, when installing the air gap protection device 100, ensure that there is a certain amount of space between the roller 105 and the generator rotor end cover 301.
  • the size of the gap is determined according to the allowable value of the air gap between the stator 200 and the rotor 300 of the generator.
  • the generator rotor end cover 301 will contact the roller 105 of the air gap protection device 100, thereby ensuring that the air gap cannot continue to decrease and avoiding
  • the magnetic yoke on the rotor support 302 is in contact with the stator 200, which avoids the occurrence of faults such as generator sweeping. Because the roller 105 can rotate around the shaft 104, even if the generator rotor end cover 301 comes into contact with the roller 105, it will not affect the movement of the generator rotor 300, and it can also reduce the rotor end cover 301 and the air gap protection.
  • the generator further includes a displacement sensor 400 fixedly connected to the stator 200 for detecting the air gap between the stator 200 and the rotor 300.
  • the generator includes a pressure-sensitive sensor, and the pressure-sensitive material is coated on the outer surface of the roller 105.
  • the generator When the air gap between the rotor 300 and the stator 200 becomes smaller, the generator rotor end The cover 301 will be in contact with the roller 105 of the air gap protection device 100.
  • the pressure sensitive material detects a change in the pressure value, it is detected that the rotor end cover 301 is in contact with the roller 105; or, the generator includes the aforementioned displacement sensor 400, including the above-mentioned pressure-sensitive sensor.
  • the generator includes a control device 500 and an alarm device 600.
  • the control device 500 is the main controller of the generator.
  • the control device 500 is connected to the displacement sensor 400.
  • the displacement sensor 400 detects the difference between the stator 200 and the rotor 300.
  • the alarm device 600 may be an audible alarm and/or a light alarm.
  • the alarm device 600 emits sound and/or light to remind the wind farm control center or operation and maintenance personnel to perform maintenance.
  • Another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a wind power generating set, including the above-mentioned generator.

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Abstract

一种具有定子和转子的装置，包括：定子（200）；转子（300），与定子（200）之间形成气隙；气隙保护装置（100），与定子（200）固定连接，气隙保护装置（100）与转子（300）的径向距离小于定子（200）与转子（300）之间的径向距离；且气隙保护装置（100）在与转子（300）接触时相对于转子（300）转动。通过设置与定子（200）固定连接的气隙保护装置（100），其在与转子（300）接触时，能够相对于转子（300）转动，且气隙保护装置（100）与转子（300）的径向距离小于定子（200）与转子（300）之间的径向距离，使得定子（200）和转子（300）在相对转动过程中，若转子（300）与定子（200）之间的径向距离缩小时，能够保证气隙保护装置（100）先与转子（300）接触，而不会使定子（200）和转子（300）接触，避免了扫膛的发生，保证了具有定子（200）和转子（300）的装置不会损坏。

Description

具有定子和转子的装置及风力发电机组 技术领域
本申请涉及发电技术领域，具体涉及一种具有定子和转子的装置及风力发电机组。
背景技术
发电机气隙指的是发电机定子与转子之间的间隙，如果发电机气隙过大，定子与转子之间的磁场感应越弱，发电机的效率就会降低；如果发电机气隙过小，由于发电机发生振动，或者载荷不均匀，使得转子转动过程中发生偏心，就容易扫膛，造成发电机的损坏。因此，将气隙控制到一个合理的数值是保证发电机正常运行的必要条件。
现有技术中公开了一种发电机的气隙实时测控装置及风力发电机组，该气隙实时测控装置是在发电机定子上设置多个位移传感器，通过位移传感器反馈的数据监测发电机各个测点位置的气隙大小，虽然通过位移传感器可以了解发电机气隙的变化，但是传感器只能起到一个监测的作用，无法在发电机气隙过小时提供更好的保护，因此如果发电机气隙过小，且发现不及时，传感器无法提供任何有效的保护措施，就有可能造成发电机的损坏。
申请内容
因此，本申请要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术中的气隙实时测控装置无法在气隙过小时提供有效的保护措施，造成发电机损坏的缺陷，从而提供一种在气隙过小时能够提供有效保护的具有定子和转子的装置及风力发电机组。
第一方面，提供一种具有定子和转子的装置，包括：
定子；
转子，与定子之间形成气隙；
气隙保护装置，与所述定子和转子两者其中之一固定连接，所述气隙保护装置与所述定子和转子两者其中另一之间的径向距离，小于所述定子与所述转子之间的径向距离；且所述气隙保护装置在与所述定子和转子两者其中另一接触时，相对于所述定子和转子两者其中另一转动。
通过设置气隙保护装置，与定子和转子的其中之一固定连接，气隙保护装置在与定子和转子的其中另一接触时，能够相对于该其中另一转动，使得定子和转子能够保证正常的相对转动关系，且气隙保护装置与定子和转子的其中另一之间的径向距离小于定子与转子之间的径向距离，使得定子和转子在相对转动过程中，若转子发生了偏心转动，与定子之间的径向距离缩小时，能够保证气隙保护装置先与定子和转子的其中另一接触，而不会使得定子和转子接触，避免了扫膛的发生，保证了具有定子和转子的装置不会损坏，即在定子和转子之间的气隙过小时能够提供有效的保护，提高了具有定子和转子的装置运行的稳定性。
所述气隙保护装置包括：
本体，与所述定子固定连接；
至少一个转动结构，连接在所述本体靠近所述转子的端部，所述转子与所述转动结构之间的径向距离，小于所述定子与所述转子之间的径向距离。
通过将气隙保护装置设置为包括与定子固定连接的本体及转动结构，使得本体能够与定子固定不动，转动结构能够相对转子转动，使得定子和转子实现各自的功能时不会受影响，提高定子和转子的稳定性。
在径向上，所述转动结构与所述转子的最大间隙设于所述气隙的许用值范 围内。
通过将转动结构与转子在径向上的最大间隙设于气隙的许用值范围内，使得在定子与转子正常运行时，转动结构与转子的间隙能够满足正常运行的需求，保证了定子与转子的正常运行。
所述转动结构为多个，所述转动结构为轴线沿所述气隙保护装置的轴向设置的圆柱体结构，所述转动结构朝向所述转子的一面为配合面，所述配合面上与所述转子之间距离最小的线为配合线，经过各个所述配合线的曲面，与所述转子朝向所述定子的曲面，为同圆心设置。
通过将转动结构设置为多个，转动结构为圆柱体，且经过各个转动结构的配合线的曲面与转子朝向定子的曲面为同圆心设置，使得两个曲面更相适配，转子与转动结构接触时的面积较大，转子与转动结构的单位面积的摩擦力更小，使得转子转动的更顺畅。
所述转动结构为多个，所述转动结构为球体，所述转动结构朝向所述转子的一面为配合面，所述配合面上与所述转子之间距离最小的点为配合点，经过各个所述配合点的曲面，与所述转子朝向所述定子的曲面，为同圆心设置。
所述转动结构的材料为耐磨的非金属材料。
通过将转动结构的材料设置为耐磨的非金属材料，使得转动结构的润滑性能好，弹性模量小，当转子与转动结构接触时产生的冲击和摩擦阻力更小。
所述转动结构的材料为聚氨酯或聚醚醚酮。
所述转动结构包括：
转轴，与所述本体固定连接；
转动部，与所述本体连接，同轴设置于所述转轴的外侧，并适于在与所述 转子接触时，所述转动部相对于所述转轴转动。
所述转动机构还包括：
轴承，固定连接在所述转轴上，设于所述转轴与所述转动部之间。
通过在转轴与转动部之间设置轴承，能够提高转轴与转动部之间的转动效率，提高径向精度。
所述气隙保护装置还包括至少两个定位板，分别固定连接于所述本体的两侧，所述定位板与所述转轴固定连接。
通过在本体的两侧固定连接定位板，定位板与转轴固定连接，使得定位板能够对转轴的轴向两端进行固定，防止转轴从本体上沿轴向滑落，且拆装较方便。
所述转轴的至少一端设有阶梯状凸台或凹槽，所述定位板压设于所述转轴的端部，且所述定位板上设有与所述凸台或凹槽配合连接的凹槽或凸台。
通过在转轴的端部和定位板上设有配合连接的阶梯状凸台和凹槽，定位板压设于转轴的端部，能够防止转轴在周向上的转动，使得转轴固定地更加牢固，且便于拆卸安装。
所述转动部为滚子。
通过将转动部设置为滚子，使得转子与转动部接触时的摩擦为滚动摩擦，利用转动的圆周面降低转子的冲击力，防止转子与转动部之间发生突然的碰撞，且使得转动部实现转动的结构更加简单。
所述本体远离所述转子的一端设有突出部和至少一个固定支架，所述固定支架设于所述突出部的至少一侧，所述固定支架与所述定子固定连接。
所述固定支架与所述定子通过第二螺栓固定连接。
所述定子的端面沿周向均匀设有至少四个凸部，每个所述凸部上固定连接有所述气隙保护装置。
通过在定子的端面沿周向均匀设置至少四个凸部，每个凸部上固定连接有气隙保护装置，使得定子沿周向最多每隔90°就设置一个气隙保护装置，能够在转子发生偏心时，不管是周向的哪个方向靠近定子，都能够先与气隙保护装置的滚子接触，保证定子与转子的正常运行。
所述转子包括：
转子端盖，与所述转动结构间隔设置；
转子支架，与所述转子端盖固定连接；
磁轭，设于所述转子支架上，所述磁轭上设有磁极，所述磁极与所述定子之间形成气隙。
所述具有定子和转子的装置为发电机。
所述发电机包括：
位移传感器，固定连接在所述定子上，用于检测所述定子与所述转子之间的气隙。
所述发电机包括：
控制装置，与所述位移传感器连接；
报警装置，与所述控制装置连接；
所述控制装置用于在所述位移传感器的检测值小于预设值时，控制所述报 警装置发出报警信号。
通过设置位移传感器、控制装置和报警装置，能够实时检测定子与转子之间的距离，当定子与转子之间的气隙小于预设值时，控制装置控制报警装置报警，及时提醒运维人员进行检修，保证发电机的正常使用。
另一方面，提供一种风力发电机组，包括上述的具有定子和转子的装置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请的气隙保护装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请的气隙保护装置的剖视图；
图3为本申请的风力发电机的结构示意图；
图4为图3中D部分的放大图；
图5为本申请的风力发电机的结构示意图；
图6为本申请的风力发电机的部分控制连接示意图。
附图标记说明：
100-气隙保护装置；101-本体；102-第一螺栓；103-定位板；104-转轴；105-滚子；106-第二螺栓；107-突出部；109-阶梯状凸台；110-固定支架；200-定子；201-凸部；300-转子；301-转子端盖；302-转子支架；303-磁极；400-位移传感器；500-控制装置；600-报警装置；A-气隙保护装置与转子之间的径 向距离；B-定子与转子之间的径向距离。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
此外，下面所描述的本申请不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
如图1-图5所示，本实施例中提供了一种具有定子和转子的装置，包括：定子200、转子300和气隙保护装置100。
定子200与转子300之间的径向距离即为气隙；气隙保护装置100，与定子200和转子300两者其中之一固定连接，气隙保护装置100与定子200和转子300两者其中另一之间的径向距离，小于定子200与转子300之间的径向距离；且气隙保护装置100在与定子200和转子300两者其中另一接触时，相对于定子200和转子300两者其中另一转动。
通过设置气隙保护装置100，与定子200和转子300的其中之一固定连接，气隙保护装置100在与定子200和转子300的其中另一接触时，能够相对于该其中另一转动，使得定子200和转子300能够保证正常的相对转动关系，且气隙保护装置100与定子200和转子300的其中另一之间的径向距离小于定子200与转子300之间的径向距离，使得定子200和转子300在相对转动过程中，若转子300发生了偏心转动，与定子200之间的径向距离缩小时，能够保证气隙保护装置100先与定子200和转子300的其中另一接触，而不会使得定子200和转子300接触，避免了扫膛的发生，保证了具有定子和转子的装置不会损坏，即在定子200和转子300之间的气隙过小时能够提供有效的保护，提高了具有 定子和转子的装置运行的稳定性。
本实施例中的具有定子和转子的装置为发电机。具体地，本实施例中的发电机为具有外转子、内定子结构的风力发电机。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，具有定子和转子的装置为具有外定子、内转子结构的风力发电机，或者是其他形式的发电机。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，具有定子和转子的装置为电动机，或者其他具有定子和转子的装置，且需要在定子和转子之间的气隙变小时能够对气隙进行支撑，保证定子和转子的正常运行的装置。
本实施例中的气隙保护装置100与定子200固定连接，气隙保护装置100与转子300之间的径向距离A，小于定子200与转子300之间的径向距离B；且气隙保护装置100在与转子300接触时，相对于转子300转动。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，气隙保护装置100与转子300固定连接，气隙保护装置100与定子200之间的径向距离，小于定子200与转子300之间的径向距离；且气隙保护装置100在与定子200接触时，相对于定子200转动。
具体地，如图1所示，本实施例中的气隙保护装置100包括：与定子200固定连接的本体101；多个转动结构，连接在本体101靠近转子300的端部，转子300与转动结构之间的径向距离，小于定子200与转子300之间的径向距离。通过将气隙保护装置100设置为包括与定子200固定连接的本体101及转动结构，使得本体101能够与定子200固定不动，转动结构能够相对转子300转动，使得定子200和转子300实现各自的功能时不会受影响，提高定子200和转子300的稳定性。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，转动结构为一个，两个或者更多个，可根据实际需要具体设置。
本实施例中的转动结构为轴线沿气隙保护装置100的轴向设置的圆柱体结构，转动结构朝向转子300的一面为配合面，配合面上与转子300之间距离最小的线为配合线，经过各个配合线的曲面，与转子300朝向定子200的曲面， 为同圆心设置，其中，气隙保护装置100的轴向与发电机的电机轴向相同。通过将转动结构设置为圆柱体，且经过各个转动结构的配合线的曲面与转子300朝向定子200的曲面为同圆心设置，使得两个曲面更相适配，转子300与转动结构接触时的面积较大，转子300与转动结构的单位面积的摩擦力更小，使得转子300转动的更顺畅。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，转动结构为球体，转动结构朝向转子300的一面为配合面，配合面与转子300之间距离最小的点为配合点，经过各个配合点的曲线与转子300朝向定子200的曲面同圆心设置。
在径向上，转动结构与转子300的最大间隙设于气隙的许用值范围内。每个具有定子与转子的装置在设计阶段，为了保证定子200与转子300的正常运行，定子200与转子300之间的气隙的许用值范围即为设定好的定子200与转子300正常运行的气隙范围。通过将转动结构与转子300在径向上的最大间隙设于气隙的许用值范围内，使得在定子200与转子300正常运行时，转动结构与转子300的间隙能够满足正常运行的需求，保证了定子200与转子300的正常运行。
本实施例中的转动结构的材料为耐磨的非金属材料。通过将转动结构的材料设置为耐磨的非金属材料，使得转动结构的润滑性能好，弹性模量小，当转子300与转动结构接触时产生的冲击和摩擦阻力更小。具体地，本实施例中的转动结构的材料为聚氨酯(PU)。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，转动结构的材料为聚醚醚酮(PEEK)；或者是，转动结构的材料为金属材料。
本实施例中的转动结构包括：与本体101固定连接的转轴104；转动部，与本体101连接，同轴设置于转轴104的外侧，且转动部相对于转轴104转动。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，转轴104与转动部固定连接，转轴104相对于本体101转动。
具体地，转动结构还包括轴承，轴承固定连接在转轴104上，设于转轴104 与转动部之间，起到提供转动副，提高径向精度的作用。在优选的实施方式中，轴承为滑动轴承。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，轴承为滚动轴承。
为了对转轴104固定连接，本实施例中的气隙保护装置100还包括上下两个定位板103，分别固定连接于本体101的上下两侧，两个定位板103与多个转轴104的两端固定连接。通过在本体101的两侧固定连接两个定位板103，定位板103与转轴104固定连接，使得定位板103能够对转轴104的轴向两端进行固定，防止转轴104从本体101上沿轴向滑落，且拆装较方便。具体地，本实施例中的定位板103与本体101之间通过第一螺栓102固定连接。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，每个转轴104的上下两端均设置一个定位板103进行固定。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，不设置定位板，而是直接将转轴104与本体101焊接在一起，以防止转轴104产生轴向移动及周向移动。
如图2所示，本实施例中的转轴104的上端设有阶梯状凸台109，上侧的定位板103压设于转轴104的端部，且定位板103上设有与凸台配合连接的凹槽。通过在转轴104的端部和定位板103上设有配合连接的阶梯状凸台109和凹槽，定位板103压设于转轴104的端部，能够防止转轴104随转动部在周向上的转动，使得转轴104固定地更加牢固，且便于拆卸安装。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，转轴104的上下两端以及上下两个定位板103均设置相互配合的凸台和凹槽；或者是，仅转轴104的下端及下侧的定位板103设置相互配合的凸台和凹槽。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，定位板不是压设于转轴的端部，只要是将定位板与转轴固定连接即可，如采用键连接或者榫接。
本实施例中的本体101由低碳钢材料焊接经机械加工而成，转轴104由不锈钢材料经机械加工而成，定位板103由低碳钢材料经机械加工而成。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，本体101由球墨铸铁或者铸钢等钢铁材料焊接或铸造后经机械加工而成。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，转轴104由低碳钢、球墨铸铁或者铸钢等钢铁材料经机械加工而成。作为可变换的实施方式， 也可以是，定位板103由球墨铸铁或者铸钢等钢铁材料焊接或铸造后经机械加工而成。
本实施例中的转动部为滚子105。通过将转动部设置为滚子105，使得转子300与转动部接触时的摩擦为滚动摩擦，利用转动的圆周面降低转子300的冲击力，防止转子300与转动部之间发生突然的碰撞，且使得转动部实现转动的结构更加简单。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，转动部为与定子200同心设置的转动件，转动部的一端与定子200的中心铰接，在转子300与转动部接触时，转动部能够绕定子200的中心转动。
为了便于与定子200固定连接，本实施例中的本体101远离转子300的一端设有突出部107和两个固定支架110，固定支架110分别设于突出部107的两侧，固定支架110与定子200固定连接。具体地，固定支架110与定子200通过第二螺栓106固定连接。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，固定支架110为一个，或者更多个。
如图3所示，本实施例中的定子200的端面沿周向均匀设有至少四个凸部201，每个凸部201上固定连接有气隙保护装置100。通过在定子200的端面沿周向均匀设置至少四个凸部201，每个凸部201上固定连接有气隙保护装置100，使得定子200沿周向最多每隔90°就设置一个气隙保护装置100，能够在转子300发生偏心时，不管是周向的哪个方向靠近定子200，都能够先与气隙保护装置100的滚子105接触，保证定子200与转子300的正常运行。具体地，本实施例中的凸部201为凸块，凸块和气隙保护装置100为12个。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，凸块和气隙保护装置100为4个，或5个或6个或者其他可根据载荷等具体要求来设计气隙保护装置100的数量。
如图5所示，本实施例中的转子300包括转子端盖301、与转子端盖301固定连接的转子支架302及磁轭，磁轭设置在转子支架302上，磁轭上设有磁 极303，磁极303与定子200之间形成气隙。转子端盖301高于定子200的端面，且转子端盖301与气隙保护装置100的滚子间隔设置，气隙保护装置100固定在定子200的端面上。为了防止发电机正常运行时气隙保护装置100与转子300的端盖接触产生不必要的摩擦阻力，安装气隙保护装置100时要保证滚子105与发电机转子端盖301之间留有一定空隙，该空隙的大小根据发电机的定子200与转子300的气隙的许用值来决定。
发电机在运行过程中，转子300和定子200之间的气隙变小时，发电机转子端盖301会与气隙保护装置100的滚子105接触，从而保证气隙无法继续变小，避免了转子支架302上的磁轭与定子200发生接触，避免了发电机扫膛等故障的发生。由于滚子105可以绕着转轴104发生转动，因此即使发电机转子端盖301与滚子105发生了接触，也不会影响发电机转子300的运动，还可以降低转子端盖301与气隙保护装置100接触时的接触力，且由于气隙保护装置100安装于定子200的端面上，不占用定子200和转子300的内部空间，不需要对定子200、转子300本身的结构进行更改，安装难度小，且由于滚子105的轴线沿发电机的轴向方向，当发电机的气隙发生变化时，滚子105的圆周面与转子端盖301接触，磨损小，不需要维护，使用寿命长。
为了便于监测定子200与转子300之间的气隙，发电机还包括位移传感器400，固定连接在定子200上，用于检测定子200与转子300之间的气隙。作为可变换的实施方式，也可以是，发电机包括压敏传感器，将压敏材料涂覆在滚子105的外表面，在转子300和定子200之间的气隙变小时，发电机转子端盖301会与气隙保护装置100的滚子105接触，当压敏材料检测到压力值变化时，即检测出转子端盖301与滚子105接触；或者是，发电机既包括上述的位移传感器400，又包括上述的压敏传感器。
如图6所示，发电机包括控制装置500和报警装置600，控制装置500即为发电机的主控制器，控制装置500与位移传感器400连接，在位移传感器400 检测到定子200与转子300之间的气隙小于预设值(即许用值)时，说明气隙保护装置100失效，控制装置500控制报警装置600报警，具体地，报警装置600可为声音报警器和/或光报警器，报警装置600发出声音和/或光线，提醒风电场控制中心或者运维人员进行检修。
本申请的实施例另一方面提供一种风力发电机组，包括上述的发电机。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本申请创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，包括：
    定子(200)；
    转子(300)，与定子(200)之间形成气隙；
    气隙保护装置(100)，与所述定子(200)和转子(300)两者其中之一固定连接，所述气隙保护装置(100)与所述定子(200)和转子(300)两者其中另一之间的径向距离，小于所述定子(200)与所述转子(300)之间的径向距离；且所述气隙保护装置(100)在与所述定子(200)和转子(300)两者其中另一接触时，相对于所述定子(200)和转子(300)两者其中另一转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述气隙保护装置(100)包括：
    本体(101)，与所述定子(200)固定连接；
    至少一个转动结构，连接在所述本体(101)靠近所述转子(300)的端部，所述转子(300)与所述转动结构之间的径向距离，小于所述定子(200)与所述转子(300)之间的径向距离。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，在径向上，所述转动结构与所述转子(300)的最大间隙设于所述气隙的许用值范围内。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转动结构为多个，所述转动结构为轴线沿所述气隙保护装置(100)的轴向设置的圆柱体结构，所述转动结构朝向所述转子(300)的一面为配合面，所述配合面上与所述转子(300)之间距离最小的线为配合线，经过各个所述配合线的曲面，与所述转子(300)朝向所述定子(200)的曲面，为同圆心设置。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转动结构为多个，所述转动结构为球体，所述转动结构朝向所述转子(300)的一面为配合面，所述配合面上与所述转子(300)之间距离最小的点为配合点，经过各个所述配合点的曲面，与所述转子(300)朝向所述定子(200)的曲面，为同圆心设置。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转动结构的材料为耐磨的非金属材料。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转动结构的材料为聚氨酯或聚醚醚酮。
  8. 根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转动结构包括：
    转轴(104)，与所述本体(101)固定连接；
    转动部，与所述本体(101)连接，同轴设置于所述转轴(104)的外侧，并适于在与所述转子(300)接触时，所述转动部相对于所述转轴(104)转动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转动机构还包括：
    轴承，固定连接在所述转轴(104)上，设于所述转轴(104)与所述转动部之间。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述气隙保护装置(100)还包括至少两个定位板(103)，分别固定连接于所述本体(101)的两侧，所述定位板(103)与所述转轴(104)固定连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转 轴(104)的至少一端设有阶梯状凸台(109)或凹槽，所述定位板(103)压设于所述转轴(104)的端部，且所述定位板(103)上设有与所述凸台或凹槽配合连接的凹槽或凸台。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转动部为滚子(105)。
  13. 根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述本体(101)远离所述转子(300)的一端设有突出部(107)和至少一个固定支架(110)，所述固定支架(110)设于所述突出部(107)的至少一侧，所述固定支架(110)与所述定子(200)固定连接。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述固定支架(110)与所述定子(200)通过第二螺栓(106)固定连接。
  15. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述定子(200)的端面沿周向均匀设有至少四个凸部(201)，每个所述凸部(201)上固定连接有所述气隙保护装置(100)。
  16. 根据权利要求2-7中任一项所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述转子(300)包括：
    转子端盖(301)，与所述转动结构间隔设置；
    转子支架(302)，与所述转子端盖(301)固定连接；
    磁轭，设于所述转子支架(302)上，所述磁轭上设有磁极(303)，所述磁极(303)与所述定子(200)之间形成气隙。
  17. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述具有定子和转子的装置为发电机。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述发电机包括：
    位移传感器(400)，固定连接在所述定子(200)上，用于检测所述定子(200)与所述转子(300)之间的气隙。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的具有定子和转子的装置，其特征在于，所述发电机包括：
    控制装置(500)，与所述位移传感器(400)连接；
    报警装置(600)，与所述控制装置(500)连接；
    所述控制装置(500)用于在所述位移传感器(400)的检测值小于预设值时，控制所述报警装置(600)发出报警信号。
  20. 一种风力发电机组，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-19中任一项所述的具有定子和转子的装置。
PCT/CN2020/094455 2019-11-21 2020-06-04 具有定子和转子的装置及风力发电机组 Ceased WO2021098186A1 (zh)

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