WO2021109623A1 - 集装箱锁定装置和驮背运输车 - Google Patents

集装箱锁定装置和驮背运输车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021109623A1
WO2021109623A1 PCT/CN2020/110583 CN2020110583W WO2021109623A1 WO 2021109623 A1 WO2021109623 A1 WO 2021109623A1 CN 2020110583 W CN2020110583 W CN 2020110583W WO 2021109623 A1 WO2021109623 A1 WO 2021109623A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
locking
locking device
container
handle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/110583
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑和平
王蒙
边志宏
王洪昆
王文刚
方琪琦
卢宇星
董超
李华
吴荣坤
赵天军
付勇
吴振国
沈彩瑜
袁博
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shen Hua Railway Equipment Co Ltd
China Shenhua Energy Co Ltd
CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shen Hua Railway Equipment Co Ltd
China Shenhua Energy Co Ltd
CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shen Hua Railway Equipment Co Ltd, China Shenhua Energy Co Ltd, CRRC Qiqihar Rolling Stock Co Ltd filed Critical Shen Hua Railway Equipment Co Ltd
Priority to US17/434,875 priority Critical patent/US12252061B2/en
Priority to EP20895486.7A priority patent/EP3919323B1/en
Publication of WO2021109623A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021109623A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
    • B60P7/00—Securing or covering of load on vehicles
    • B60P7/06—Securing of load
    • B60P7/13—Securing freight containers or forwarding containers on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/005—Wagons or vans convertible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
    • B61D3/182—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers
    • B61D3/184—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers the heavy vehicles being of the trailer or semi-trailer type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
    • B61D3/20—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for forwarding containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
    • B61D45/007—Fixing containers

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of transportation equipment, and specifically to a container locking device and a piggyback transport vehicle.
  • the piggyback transport vehicle In order to enable the piggyback transport vehicle to transport a variety of goods, it can be used to transport both road semi-trailers or road trucks, as well as containers, it is necessary to install a container locking device on the piggyback transport vehicle, and when the container is not being transported, the container The locking device cannot interfere with the road semi-trailer or road truck, so as to ensure that the road semi-trailer or road truck can enter or exit the concave chassis reliably.
  • the container locking device of the pack-back transport vehicle is an outward-turning type, such as the patent publication number CN207128892U.
  • the outward-turning container locking device When the outward-turning container locking device is switched between the locked position and the avoiding position, the rotating arm needs to be rotated outwards In this way, a large space is required.
  • the outward-turning container locking device When the platform is on a high platform or in a building boundary area, the outward-turning container locking device will not be able to switch between the locked position and the avoiding position, which will lead to the loading and unloading of the piggyback truck.
  • the venue has certain limitations.
  • the outward-turning container locking device is a cantilever structure, and the stress state is not good, resulting in poor performance of the container locking device.
  • the main purpose of this application is to provide a container locking device and a piggyback transport vehicle, so as to solve the problem that the container locking device in the prior art has an outward-turning cantilever structure, which affects the performance of the container locking device.
  • a container locking device which includes: a bracket, the bracket has an accommodating space; a locking structure, the first end of the locking structure is hinged with the bracket, and the locking structure has an extension from the accommodating space Out of the locked position and retracted to the avoiding position in the containing space; support structure, the first end of the support structure is hinged with the second end of the locking structure; along the direction away from the locking structure, the support structure has a retracted position and a support that cooperates with the bracket Position; when the locking structure is in the locking position, the supporting structure is in the supporting position and the locking structure stays in the locking position; when the locking structure is in the avoiding position, the supporting structure is in the retracted position and retracted into the containing space.
  • the bracket has a card slot communicating with the accommodating space, and the card slot is located below the first end of the support structure; when the support structure is at the support position, the second end of the support structure is engaged with the card slot , The first end of the locking structure, the first end of the support structure and the second end of the support structure form a triangle.
  • the bracket further has a guide groove communicating with the card groove, and the guide groove extends along the movement track of the second end of the supporting structure.
  • the bracket includes a first side plate and two second side plates.
  • the two side plates are spaced apart on the first side plate along the first direction, the first side plate and the two second side plates.
  • the second side plate encloses the accommodating space;
  • the container locking device further includes a first rotating shaft, both ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively connected to the two second side plates;
  • the first end of the locking structure has a first mounting hole, and the locking structure passes through the A mounting hole is pivotally sleeved on the first rotating shaft; the surface of the second end of the locking structure away from the first side plate is provided with a lock head matched with the container.
  • the two second side plates are respectively provided with a first assembly hole, the two ends of the first rotating shaft are respectively penetrated in the two first assembly holes;
  • the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft It is provided with a limiting groove extending along its radial direction;
  • the container locking device also includes a chuck plate adapted to the limiting groove, at least part of the chuck plate extends into the limiting groove, and the chuck plate and a second side plate pass through the first The connecting piece is connected so that the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the bracket.
  • a groove is provided on the surface of the locking structure close to the first side plate, and the groove is used for accommodating the supporting structure;
  • the locking device further includes: a second rotating shaft, two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively penetrated through the two first In the second assembly hole, the outer peripheral wall of the second shaft is provided with a second connecting hole opposite to the first connecting hole; a second connecting piece, the second connecting piece passes through the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, so that The second rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the locking structure;
  • the first end of the supporting structure has a second mounting hole, and the supporting structure is pivotally sleeved on the second rotating shaft through the second mounting hole;
  • the wall of the second mounting hole is provided for avoidance The escape hole of the second connecting piece.
  • the avoidance holes are arranged in a fan shape.
  • a rotating hole is provided on the axial end surface of the second rotating shaft, and the hole wall surface of the rotating hole includes a transmission plane to drive the second rotating shaft to rotate through the rotating hole, so that the second connecting hole and the first The connecting holes are arranged relatively.
  • the bracket further includes: a vertical plate, a vertical plate is respectively provided on the oppositely arranged surfaces of the two second side plates, and the vertical plate is provided with a clamping groove and a guide groove; the second supporting structure The end is provided with two supporting columns, and the two supporting columns are respectively matched with the two guiding grooves; or the two supporting columns are respectively matched with the two clamping grooves.
  • the bracket further includes an upper cover plate, the upper cover plate is connected to the top ends of the two second side plates and the top end of the first side plate; the top ends of the vertical plates are spaced apart from the upper cover plate;
  • the side plate is provided with an escape hole for avoiding the locking structure; or the first side plate is provided with an escape hole for avoiding the supporting structure; or the first side plate is provided with an escape hole for avoiding the locking structure and the supporting structure ;
  • an installation space is formed between the two sides of the upper cover plate, and the locking structure and the supporting structure are located in the installation space;
  • the bottom wall of the guide groove is curved
  • the guide groove is arranged close to the first side plate relative to the card slot;
  • the vertical plate includes an anti-dropping boss, the anti-dropping boss is located at the slot of the card slot and on the side away from the first side plate, and moves to After the support position, the anti-falling boss prevents the support column from falling out of the
  • the locking structure is provided with a first handle hole and a second handle hole
  • the supporting structure is provided with a third handle hole and a fourth handle hole
  • the first handle hole and the second handle hole are both elongated
  • the container locking device also includes a handle.
  • the handle includes a symmetrically arranged first handle and a second handle. The first handle is inserted into the first handle hole and the third handle hole. The first end of the first handle is provided by the first handle hole.
  • the second end of the first handle is pierced through the third handle hole and then bends and extends; the second handle penetrates through the second handle hole and the fourth handle hole, the second end of the second handle hole One end is bent and extended after being penetrated by the second handle hole and connected with the first end of the first handle hole to enclose a holding space, and the second end of the second handle means is bent and extended after being penetrated by the fourth handle hole.
  • the container locking device further includes a stop structure connected to the first side plate, and the stop structure includes a buckle.
  • the stop structure includes a buckle.
  • a piggyback transport vehicle includes a concave bottom frame, the concave bottom frame includes a plurality of container locking devices, and the container locking device is the container locking device described above; and the concave bottom frame It has a loading space for loading containers or wheeled vehicles; multiple container locking devices are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the loading space, and multiple storage spaces of multiple container locking devices are connected to the loading space; when the container locking device is locked When the structure is in the locked position, the second end of the locking structure extends from the accommodating space and extends into the loading space.
  • the loading space is used for loading containers; when the locking structure of the container locking device is in the avoiding position, the second end of the locking structure is loaded The space is retracted into the accommodating space, and the loading space is used for loading wheeled vehicles.
  • an inverted container locking device is provided.
  • the locking structure of the container locking device extends from the accommodating space to the locking position to lock the container
  • the supporting structure moves to the supporting position along with the locking structure.
  • the locking structure stays at the locked position.
  • it is safer and more reliable, with less force, and can support and lock the container more reliably and stably, which is beneficial to improve the container lock
  • the performance of the device is that the piggyback transport vehicle with the inverted container locking device is safer and more reliable in the process of transporting the container.
  • the inverted container locking device does not need to take up additional space, so that the piggyback transporter is not limited by the site, and can be loaded and unloaded in the high platform or building boundary area; and when the packback transporter needs to be changed to a wheeled vehicle ,
  • the locking structure is moved from the locked position to the avoiding position, the locking structure is retracted into the accommodating space, the supporting structure moves to the retracted position with the locking structure, and the supporting structure is also retracted into the accommodating space, and the wheeled vehicle can enter or Driving out of the concave bottom frame will not interfere with the container locking device, so that the piggyback transport vehicle provided by the present application can transport both wheeled vehicles and containers.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a container locking device according to an alternative embodiment of the present application, wherein the locking structure of the container locking device is in a locked position;
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of the container locking device in Figure 1 in another state, in which the locking structure of the container locking device is located in an avoiding position;
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the size relationship of the container locking device in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the size relationship of the container locking device in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 5 shows a partial structural diagram of the container locking device in Fig. 1 from another angle
  • Fig. 6 shows an assembly structure diagram of a part of the container locking device in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a part of the container locking device in Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 8 shows a perspective structural schematic diagram of the locking structure of the container locking device in Fig. 1 from one angle;
  • Fig. 9 shows another perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the locking structure in Fig. 8;
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the locking structure in FIG. 8;
  • Fig. 11 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the supporting structure of the container locking device in Fig. 1 from one angle;
  • Fig. 12 shows another perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the support structure in Fig. 11;
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic sectional view of the supporting structure in FIG. 11;
  • Fig. 14 shows a schematic structural view of the first rotating shaft of the container locking device in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 15 shows a schematic structural view of a second rotating shaft of the container locking device in Fig. 1;
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic structural view of the handle of the container locking device in Figure 1;
  • Figure 17 shows a schematic structural diagram of a piggyback transport vehicle according to an optional embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 18 shows an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in Fig. 17, in which the two locking structures of the two container locking devices are both located in the locked position;
  • Fig. 19 shows an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in Fig. 17, in which the locking structure of one container locking device is in the locked position, and the locking structure of the other container locking device is in the avoiding position;
  • FIG. 20 shows a schematic structural view of the piggyback transport vehicle in FIG. 17 from another angle.
  • the present application provides a container locking device and a piggyback transport vehicle.
  • the present application provides a container locking device, which includes a bracket 10, a locking structure 20, and a supporting structure 30.
  • the bracket 10 has an accommodation space 111; the first end of the locking structure 20 is hinged to the bracket 10.
  • the locking structure 20 has a locking position extending from the accommodating space 111 and an escape position retracted into the accommodating space 111.
  • the first end of the supporting structure 30 is hinged to the second end of the locking structure 20;
  • the structure 30 has a retracted position and a supporting position that cooperates with the bracket 10.
  • an inverted container locking device is provided.
  • the locking structure 20 of the container locking device extends from the accommodating space to the locking position to lock the container
  • the supporting structure 30 moves with the locking structure 20 To the support position and cooperate with the bracket of the container locking device, the locking structure 20 stays at the locked position.
  • the piggyback transport vehicle using the inverted container locking device is safer and more reliable in the process of transporting the container.
  • the locking structure 20 When the container locking device is not needed, when the locking structure 20 is moved from the locked position to the avoiding position, the locking structure 20 is retracted into the accommodating space 111, and the supporting structure moves to the retracted position along with the locking structure 20, and the supporting structure 30 is also retracted to the accommodating position. In the space 111, the interference between the locking structure 20 and the supporting structure 30 and other structures is avoided, and the space occupied by the container locking device is reduced.
  • the bracket 10 has a slot 131 communicating with the accommodating space 111, and the slot 131 is located below the first end of the support structure 30.
  • the second end of the supporting structure 30 is clamped with the slot 131, and the first end of the locking structure 20, the first end of the supporting structure 30 and the second end of the supporting structure 30 form a triangle.
  • the locking structure 20 and the supporting structure 30 form a reliable and stable triangular structure, and the locking structure 20 can reliably and stably support the container.
  • the second end of the supporting structure 30 is pulled out of the slot 131, the locking structure 20 is rotated to the avoiding position, and the supporting structure 30 is moved to the retracted position.
  • the bracket 10 further has a guide groove 132 communicating with the card groove 131, and the guide groove 132 extends along the movement track of the second end of the support structure 30.
  • the guiding groove 132 guides the supporting structure 30, so that the movement of the supporting structure 30 is more stable, and the supporting structure 30 can be smoothly moved into the slot 131 .
  • the bracket 10 includes a first side plate 11 and two second side plates 12.
  • the two second side plates 12 are arranged on the first side plate 11 at intervals along the first direction. 11 and the two second side plates 12 enclose a receiving space 111.
  • the container locking device further includes a first rotating shaft 40, both ends of the first rotating shaft 40 are connected to the two second side plates 12 respectively.
  • the first end of the locking structure 20 has a first mounting hole 211, and the locking structure 20 is pivotally sleeved on the first shaft 40 through the first mounting hole 211; the second end of the locking structure 20 is away from the first side plate 11
  • a lock 22 matched with the container is provided on the surface.
  • the locking structure 20 rotates relative to the first rotating shaft 40 to a locked position or a retreat position.
  • the lock head 22 extends from the accommodating space 111 to support and lock the container.
  • the lock head 22 is retracted into the accommodating space 111.
  • the two second side plates 12 are respectively provided with a first assembly hole 121, and two ends of the first rotating shaft 40 are respectively penetrated in the two first assembly holes 121.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft 40 is provided with a limiting groove 41 extending in the radial direction thereof.
  • the container locking device further includes a chuck plate 50 adapted to the limit slot 41. At least part of the chuck plate 50 extends into the limit slot 41. The chuck plate 50 and a second side plate 12 pass through the first The connecting member 60 is connected so that the first rotating shaft 40 is fixedly connected to the bracket 10.
  • the clamping plate 50 cooperates with the limiting groove 41 to prevent relative movement of the first rotating shaft 40 relative to the bracket 10 in the axial or radial direction.
  • the first rotating shaft 40 is detachably arranged on the bracket 10 through the clamping plate 50 and the first connecting member 60, which facilitates the assembly, disassembly and subsequent maintenance of the first rotating shaft 40 and the locking structure 20.
  • the first assembly hole 121 is a threaded hole
  • the first connecting member 60 includes a bolt and a lock washer.
  • both ends of the first rotating shaft 40 may be welded to the two second side plates 12.
  • a groove 212 is provided on the surface of the locking structure 20 close to the first side plate 11, and the groove 212 is used for accommodating the supporting structure 30.
  • a second assembly hole 213 is respectively provided on the two second groove sidewalls of the groove 212 along the first direction.
  • a first connecting hole 214 is provided on the side wall of the first groove of the groove 212 away from the first mounting hole 211.
  • the locking device further includes a second rotating shaft 70 and a second connecting member 80, two ends of the second rotating shaft 70 are respectively penetrated through the two second assembly holes In 213, the outer peripheral wall of the second rotating shaft 70 is provided with a second connecting hole 71 opposite to the first connecting hole 214, and the second connecting member 80 passes through the first connecting hole 214 and the second connecting hole 71 to make the The two rotating shafts 70 are fixedly connected with the locking structure 20.
  • the first end of the supporting structure 30 has a second mounting hole 311, and the supporting structure 30 is pivotally sleeved on the second rotating shaft 70 through the second mounting hole 311.
  • the hole wall of the second mounting hole 311 is provided with an escape hole 312 for avoiding the second connecting member 80.
  • the second rotating shaft 70 is fixed to the locking structure 20 through the second connecting member 80, and the supporting structure 30 rotates relative to the second rotating shaft 70 to a supporting position or a retracted position.
  • the supporting structure 30 and the locking structure 20 are detachably connected to facilitate assembly, disassembly and subsequent maintenance of the second rotating shaft 70 and the supporting structure 30.
  • the groove 212 provides an accommodation space for the supporting structure 30 on the premise of ensuring the bearing strength of the locking structure 20, which is beneficial to the miniaturized design of the container locking device.
  • the avoiding hole 312 is arranged in a fan shape.
  • the size of the fan-shaped escape hole 312 is set according to the rotation angle of the support structure 30 to ensure that the support structure 30 can be reliably moved to the support position or the retracted position.
  • the second end of the locking structure 20 is further provided with a first weight-reducing groove 217 spaced apart from the groove 212, and the first connecting hole 214 connects the first weight-reducing groove 217 communicates with the groove 212.
  • the first weight-reducing groove 217 not only reduces the weight, but also provides installation space for the second connecting member 80, so as to prevent the second connecting member 80 from interfering with other structures.
  • the locking structure 20 has a bottom transition surface 23, a contour surface 24, a contour surface inflection point 241, a top transition surface 25, reinforcing ribs 26 and reinforcing ribs 27.
  • the lock head 22 is arranged on the top transition surface 25 and the bottom transition surface 23 takes root after the contour surface inflection point 241 of the contour surface 24, so that when the support structure 30 is in the retracted position, part of the outer peripheral surface of the support column 32 can be connected to the contour surface 24.
  • the abutment ensures that the supporting structure 30 has enough space when in the retracted position.
  • the reinforcing rib 27 is composed of three arcs, which can achieve the effect of increasing the diameter of the second assembly hole 213 on the basis of minimizing the space occupied by the support structure 30, thereby helping to increase the diameter of the second rotating shaft 70 and enhance the second The strength of the shaft 70.
  • the bottom transition surface 23 is formed by four circular arcs between the inflection point 241 of the contour surface and the reinforcing rib 27 to ensure the smooth and uniform force.
  • One end of the stiffener 26 is connected to the contour surface 24, and the other end of the stiffener 26 extends to the second end of the locking structure 20, which is beneficial to increase the strength of the locking structure 20, thereby improving the resistance of the container locking device to the longitudinal force when the container is loaded Torsion.
  • the top transition surface 25 adopts a circular arc setting to ensure smooth and even force.
  • the lock head 22 provides horizontal and vertical fixation for different containers when loading, so as to prevent the container from falling off during transportation. When a slight relative rotation between the container and the lock head 22 occurs, the container and the lock head 22 can be separated.
  • the supporting structure 30 is provided with a second weight-reducing groove 351 and a third weight-reducing groove 352 to reduce the weight of the supporting structure 30 and facilitate operation.
  • the support structure 30 is also provided with a transition rib 36, one end of the transition rib 36 is connected to the support column 32, and the other end of the transition rib 36 extends to the first end of the support structure 30, which is beneficial for lifting The strength of the support structure 30.
  • both sides of the first end of the supporting structure 30 are processed surfaces for contacting the inner wall surface of the groove 212 of the locking structure 20, increasing the contact area between the supporting structure 30 and the locking structure 20, and increasing the acceptance area .
  • the middle part of the support structure 30 is a non-processing area, which can be directly formed during casting. The middle area does not belong to the area of the mating force surface, and setting it as a non-processing area can reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the first connecting hole 214 is a threaded hole
  • the second connecting member 80 includes a bolt, a washer, and a lock washer.
  • the axial end surface of the second rotating shaft 70 is provided with a rotating hole 72.
  • the wall surface of the rotating hole 72 includes a transmission plane to drive the second rotating shaft 70 to rotate through the rotating hole 72 to make the second rotating shaft 70 rotate.
  • the connecting hole 71 is opposite to the first connecting hole 214.
  • the bracket 10 further includes a vertical plate 13.
  • the two second side plates 12 are respectively provided with a vertical plate 13 on the oppositely arranged surfaces, and the vertical plate 13 is provided with a clamping groove 131 and a guide groove 132.
  • the second end of the support structure 30 has two support posts 32, the two support posts 32 are matched with the two guide grooves 132 respectively; or the two support posts 32 are matched with the two slot 131 respectively.
  • the support column 32 first extends into the guide groove 132, moves into the slot 131 under the guidance of the guide slot 132, and engages with the slot 131, thereby The supporting structure 30 is kept at the supporting position, and the locking structure 20 is kept at the locking position.
  • the support column 32 is pulled out of the slot 131 and moved to the retracted position under the guidance of the guide groove 132, and at the same time the locking structure 20 is rotated to the avoiding position.
  • the bracket 10 further includes an upper cover plate 14, and the upper cover plate 14 is connected to the top ends of the two second side plates 12 and the top end of the first side plate 11.
  • the top end of the vertical plate 13 and the upper cover plate 14 are spaced apart.
  • the first side plate 11 is provided with an escape hole 112 for avoiding the locking structure 20; or the first side plate 11 is provided with an escape hole 112 for avoiding the support structure 30; or the first side plate 11 is provided with an escape hole 112 for avoiding The relief hole 112 of the locking structure 20 and the supporting structure 30.
  • the upper cover 14 and the first side plate 11 do not need to be provided with a gap for the container locking device to be turned outward, that is, the upper cover 14 and the first side plate 11 are not It needs to be arranged in sections, so as to improve the rigidity of the upper cover plate 14 and the first side plate 11, and to improve the stress condition of the container locking device.
  • the load-bearing condition of the piggyback truck can be improved, the overall rigidity of the piggyback truck can be improved, and the safety and stability of the piggyback truck when transporting containers or wheeled vehicles can be ensured.
  • the vertical plate 13 includes a transition slope 135 disposed close to the upper cover plate 14.
  • the top end of the vertical plate 13 and the upper cover plate 14 are spaced apart, so that the support structure 30 can be easily accommodated when it is in the retracted position.
  • the accommodating space 111 it is advantageous to the miniaturized design of the container locking device.
  • the groove bottom wall of the guide groove 132 is arranged in an arc shape, and the guide groove 132 is arranged close to the first side plate 11 relative to the card groove 131.
  • the bottom wall of the guide groove 132 is used to guide the support column 32, and in order to facilitate the support column 32 to enter the guide groove 132, the gap of the guide groove 132 on the upper surface of the vertical plate 13 is larger than the size of the support column 32.
  • the vertical plate 13 includes an anti-dropping boss 133, which is located at the notch of the slot 131 and on the side away from the first side plate 11, after the supporting structure 30 moves to the supporting position , The anti-falling boss 133 prevents the support column 32 from falling out of the slot 131.
  • the anti-dropping boss 133 can prevent the locking structure 20 from turning over and prevent the supporting column 32 of the supporting structure 30 from coming out of the slot 131.
  • the vertical plate 13 is also provided with a welding hole 134, the vertical plate 13 is welded to the second side plate 12, and the welding bead extends along the circumference of the welding hole 134.
  • the bracket 10 also includes a connecting seat 15, a support seat 16, and a lower side beam 17, a first side plate 11, a second side plate 12, a vertical plate 13, an upper cover plate 14,
  • the connecting seat 15, the supporting seat 16 and the lower side beam 17 are assembled and welded to form an integral frame structure.
  • the locking structure 20 is provided with a first handle hole 215 and a second handle hole 216.
  • the supporting structure 30 is provided with a third handle hole 33 and a fourth handle. ⁇ 34. Both the first handle hole 215 and the second handle hole 216 are elongated holes.
  • the container locking device also includes a handle 90, which includes a first handle 91 and a second handle 92 that are symmetrically arranged.
  • the first handle 91 Pass through the first handle hole 215 and the third handle hole 33, the first end of the first handle 91 passes through the first handle hole 215 and then bends and extends, and the second end of the first handle 91 passes through the third handle hole 33 Bend and extend after exiting.
  • the second handle 92 passes through the second handle hole 216 and the fourth handle hole 34.
  • the first end of the second handle hole 216 passes through the second handle hole 216 and then bends and extends.
  • One end is connected to enclose the holding space 93, and the second end of the second handle 92 passes through the fourth handle hole 34 and then bends and extends.
  • the operator can use the handle 90 to drive the locking structure 20 to rotate between the locked position and the avoiding position, and to drive the supporting structure 30 to move between the supporting position and the recovery position.
  • the symmetrically arranged handle 90 ensures that the handle 90 does not rotate.
  • the container locking device when the container locking device needs to be used, the operator pulls the handle 90 outward through the holding space 93, the locking structure 20 rotates upward, and the supporting structure 30 falls into the vertical plate along the track of the guide groove 132 of the vertical plate 13 In the card slot 131 of 13, the locking structure 20 is rotated to the locked position, and the supporting structure 30 provides vertical force for the locking structure 20, so that the locking structure 20 can reliably support and lock the container.
  • the state of the container locking device is as shown in the figure 1 shown.
  • the operator lifts the handle 90 upwards through the holding space 93, and at the same time drives the locking structure 20 to rotate downwards, so that the supporting column 32 of the supporting structure 30 comes out of the slot 131 and moves along the vertical axis.
  • the trajectory of the guide groove 132 of the plate 13 moves to the retracted position, and the state of the container locking device at this time is shown in FIG. 2.
  • the first handle 91 and the second handle 92 are integrated.
  • the handle 90 is arranged in a T shape.
  • the container locking device further includes a stop structure 100, which is connected to the first side plate 11, and the stop structure 100 includes a buckle 101.
  • the stop structure When the locking structure 20 is in the avoiding position, the stop structure The buckle 101 is clamped with the second end of the locking structure 20 so that the locking structure 20 stays in the retreat position, and the supporting structure 30 is located between the locking structure 20 and the first side plate 11. In this way, when the locking structure 20 moves to the avoiding position and the supporting structure 30 moves to the retracted position, the locking structure 20 is restricted by the buckle 101, so that the locking structure 20 reliably stays in the avoiding position, and the supporting structure 30 reliably stays in the retracted position .
  • the container locking device uses a triangular closed stable structure to lock the container. It has uniform force, small stress on various parts, simple and reliable structure, large locking force, strong destructive resistance, simple operation and good performance. Advantages of promotion value.
  • the present application also provides a piggyback transport vehicle.
  • the piggyback transport vehicle includes: a concave bottom frame 1, the concave bottom frame 1 includes a plurality of container locking devices 2, and the container locking device 2 is the above Container locking device.
  • the recessed underframe 1 has a loading space 3 for loading containers or wheeled vehicles.
  • the multiple container locking devices 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the loading space 3, and the multiple containing spaces 111 of the multiple container locking devices 2 are all connected to the loading space 3; when the locking structure 20 of the container locking device 2 is in the locked position, The second end of the locking structure 20 extends from the accommodating space 111 and extends into the loading space 3, which is used for loading containers.
  • the second end of the locking structure 20 is retracted from the loading space 3 into the accommodating space 111, and the loading space 3 is used for loading wheeled vehicles.
  • the piggyback transport vehicle provided by this application adopts the inverted container locking device provided by this application, and does not need to occupy additional space during use, so that the piggyback transport vehicle is not restricted by the site and can be used on high platforms or building boundaries. Loading and unloading in the area.
  • the locking structure 20 When the pack-back transport vehicle needs to be changed to a wheeled vehicle, when the locking structure 20 is moved from the locked position to the avoiding position, the locking structure 20 is retracted into the accommodating space 111, and the supporting structure moves to the retracted position along with the locking structure 20, and the supporting structure 30 Also retracted into the accommodating space 111, the wheeled vehicle can reliably and smoothly drive into or out of the concave chassis 1 without interference with the container locking device, so that the packback transport vehicle provided by the present application can transport wheeled vehicles , And can transport containers.
  • the inverted container locking device provided by the present application is safer, more reliable, and less stressed, so that the piggyback transport vehicle provided by the present application is safer and more reliable during transportation.
  • the container locking device provided in this application is suitable for 20ft containers and 40ft containers.
  • the embodiment of the present application limits the relationship between the structural dimensions and the parameters of the container locking device. Specifically, since the existing national standards have stipulated the length, width, height and positioning dimensions of container corner pieces of specifications such as 20ft containers and 40ft containers, the fixed position of the lock 22 is determined. In order to ensure that the cantilever of the locking structure 20 is the shortest and the bearing capacity of the lock head 22 is uniform, the size L3 between the rotation center of the lock structure 20 and the lock head 22 is minimized, and the size L4 between the lock head 22 and the supporting rotation center is as small as possible. The length dimension L5 of the supporting structure 30 should be as small as possible.
  • the dimension L2 of the contour surface 24 of the locking structure 20 should be as large as possible
  • the thickness dimension L6 of the supporting structure 30 should be as large as possible
  • the thickness dimension L7 of the supporting surface of the locking structure 20 should be as large as possible.
  • the structure of the concave underframe 1 of the piggyback multifunctional transport vehicle determines the maximum allowable width of the concave underframe 1 according to the limits of railway rolling stock, and the outermost width limit is the first side plate 11 of the concave underframe.
  • the inner width of the vehicle should be maximized in consideration of the load-bearing strength of the side beams to facilitate the loading and unloading of wheeled vehicles or containers, that is, optimized when the width of the vehicle side beam L and the height of the flip lock L1 have been determined.
  • the structure of the inverted container locking device is, optimized when the width of the vehicle side beam L and the height of the flip lock L1 have been determined.
  • the piggyback transport vehicle provided in this application can be used to transport 20ft containers, 40ft containers, highway semi-trailers and highway trucks.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)

Abstract

一种集装箱锁定装置和驮背运输车。该集装箱锁定装置包括：支架（10），支架具有容纳空间（111）；锁定结构（20），锁定结构的第一端与支架铰接，锁定结构具有由容纳空间伸出的锁定位置和收回至容纳空间内的避让位置；支撑结构（30），支撑结构的第一端与锁定结构的第二端铰接，沿远离锁定结构的方向，支撑结构具有收回位置和与支架配合的支撑位置；当锁定结构位于锁定位置时，支撑结构位于支撑位置并使锁定结构停留在锁定位置；当锁定结构位于避让位置时，支撑结构位于收回位置并收回至容纳空间内。该集装箱锁定装置为内翻转式，并利用支撑结构对锁定结构进行支撑，相比于外翻转式的悬臂结构，能够更加可靠稳定地对集装箱进行支撑和锁定。

Description

集装箱锁定装置和驮背运输车 技术领域
本申请涉及运输设备技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种集装箱锁定装置和驮背运输车。
背景技术
为了使驮背运输车能够运输多种货物，既能够用于运输公路半挂车或公路货车，又能够运输集装箱，就需要在驮背运输车上设置集装箱锁定装置，并且在不运输集装箱时，集装箱锁定装置不能与公路半挂车或公路货车发生干涉，保证公路半挂车或公路货车能够可靠地驶入或驶出凹底架。
相关技术中的驮背运输车的集装箱锁定装置为外翻转式，例如公开号为CN207128892U的专利，该外翻转式集装箱锁定装置在锁定位置和避让位置之间进行切换时，转臂需要向外旋转，这样就需要较大的空间，而在高站台或者建筑界限区域内时，外翻转式集装箱锁定装置将无法在锁定位置和避让位置之间进行切换，这样就导致对驮背运输车装卸货的场地具有一定的局限性。另外该外翻转式集装箱锁定装置为悬臂式结构，受力状态不好，导致集装箱锁定装置的性能较差。
申请内容
本申请的主要目的在于提供一种集装箱锁定装置和驮背运输车，以解决现有技术中的集装箱锁定装置为外翻转式的悬臂结构，从而影响集装箱锁定装置的性能的问题。
为了实现上述目的，根据本申请的一个实施例，提供了一种集装箱锁定装置，包括：支架，支架具有容纳空间；锁定结构，锁定结构的第一端与支架铰接，锁定结构具有由容纳空间伸出的锁定位置和收回至容纳空间内的避让位置；支撑结构，支撑结构的第一端与锁定结构的第二端铰接；沿远离锁定结构的方向，支撑结构具有收回位置和与支架配合的支撑位置；当锁定结构位于锁定位置时，支撑结构位于支撑位置并使锁定结构停留在锁定位置；当锁定结构位于避让位置时，支撑结构位于收回位置并收回至容纳空间内。
在一个可选的实施例中，支架具有与容纳空间连通的卡槽，卡槽位于支撑结构的第一端的下方；当支撑结构位于支撑位置时，支撑结构的第二端与卡槽卡接，锁定结构的第一端、支撑结构的第一端和支撑结构的第二端形成三角形。
在一个可选的实施例中，支架还具有与卡槽连通的导向槽，导向槽沿支撑结构的第二端的运动轨迹延伸。
在一个可选的实施例中，支架包括第一侧板和两个第二侧板，两个侧板沿第一方向相间隔地设置在第一侧板上的，第一侧板和两个第二侧板围成容纳空间；集装箱锁定装置还包括 第一转轴，第一转轴的两端分别与两个第二侧板连接；锁定结构的第一端具有第一安装孔，锁定结构通过第一安装孔可枢转地套设在第一转轴上；锁定结构的第二端的远离第一侧板的表面上设有与集装箱配合的锁头。
在一个可选的实施例中，两个第二侧板上分别设有一个第一装配孔，第一转轴的两端分别穿设在两个第一装配孔内；第一转轴的外周面上设有沿其径向延伸的限位槽；集装箱锁定装置还包括与限位槽相适配的卡板，卡板的至少部分伸入限位槽，卡板与一个第二侧板通过第一连接件连接，以使第一转轴与支架固定连接。
在一个可选的实施例中，锁定结构靠近第一侧板的表面上设有凹槽，凹槽用于容纳支撑结构；凹槽沿第一方向设置的两个第二槽侧壁上分别设有一个第二装配孔；凹槽远离第一安装孔的第一槽侧壁上设有第一连接孔；锁定装置还包括：第二转轴，第二转轴的两端分别穿设在两个第二装配孔内，第二转轴的外周壁上设有与第一连接孔相对设置的第二连接孔；第二连接件，第二连接件穿过第一连接孔和第二连接孔，以使第二转轴与锁定结构固定连接；支撑结构的第一端具有第二安装孔，支撑结构通过第二安装孔可枢转地套设在第二转轴上；第二安装孔的孔壁上设有用于避让第二连接件的避让孔。
在一个可选的实施例中，避让孔呈扇形设置。
在一个可选的实施例中，第二转轴的轴向端面上设有旋转孔，旋转孔的孔壁面包括传动平面，以通过旋转孔驱动第二转轴转动，以使第二连接孔与第一连接孔相对设置。
在一个可选的实施例中，支架还包括：立板，两个第二侧板相对设置的表面上分别设置有一个立板，立板上设有卡槽和导向槽；支撑结构的第二端具有两个支撑柱，两个支撑柱分别与两个导向槽相配合；或两个支撑柱分别与两个卡槽相配合。
在一个可选的实施例中，支架还包括上盖板，上盖板与两个第二侧板的顶端和第一侧板的顶端连接；立板的顶端与上盖板间隔设置；第一侧板上开设有用于避让锁定结构的让位孔；或者第一侧板上开设有用于避让支撑结构的让位孔；或者第一侧板上开设有用于避让锁定结构和支撑结构的让位孔；当锁定结构位于避让位置且支撑结构位于收回位置时，上盖板的两个侧面所在的平面之间形成安装空间，锁定结构和支撑结构位于安装空间内；导向槽的槽底壁呈弧形设置，导向槽相对于卡槽靠近第一侧板设置；立板包括防脱凸台，防脱凸台位于卡槽的槽口处且位于远离第一侧板的一侧，在支撑结构运动至支撑位置后，防脱凸台防止支撑柱由卡槽内脱出。
在一个可选的实施例中，锁定结构上设有第一把手孔和第二把手孔，支撑结构上设有第三把手孔和第四把手孔；第一把手孔和第二把手孔均为长形孔；集装箱锁定装置还包括把手，把手包括对称设置的第一把手段和第二把手段，第一把手段穿设在第一把手孔和第三把手孔内，第一把手段的第一端由第一把手孔穿出后弯折延伸，第一把手段的第二端由第三把手孔穿出后弯折延伸；第二把手段穿设在第二把手孔和第四把手孔内，第二把手孔的第一端由第二把手孔穿出后弯折延伸并与第一把手孔的第一端连接以围成握持空间，第二把手段的第二端由第四把手孔穿出后弯折延伸。
在一个可选的实施例中，集装箱锁定装置还包括止挡结构，止挡结构与第一侧板连接，止挡结构包括卡扣，当锁定结构位于避让位置时，卡扣与锁定结构的第二端卡接，以使锁定结构停留在避让位置，支撑结构位于锁定结构和第一侧板之间。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种驮背运输车，驮背运输车包括：凹底架，凹底架包括多个集装箱锁定装置，集装箱锁定装置为上述的集装箱锁定装置；凹底架具有用于装载集装箱或轮式车辆的装载空间；多个集装箱锁定装置对称地设置在装载空间的两侧，多个集装箱锁定装置的多个容纳空间与装载空间均连通；当集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构位于锁定位置时，锁定结构的第二端由容纳空间伸出并伸入装载空间，装载空间用于装载集装箱；当集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构位于避让位置时，锁定结构的第二端由装载空间收回至容纳空间内，装载空间用于装载轮式车辆。
应用本申请的技术方案，提供了一种内翻转式的集装箱锁定装置，集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构由容纳空间伸出至锁定位置以对集装箱进行锁定时，支撑结构随锁定结构运动至支撑位置并与集装箱锁定装置的支架配合，使锁定结构停留在锁定位置处，相比于单独的悬臂结构更加安全可靠，受力较小，能够更加可靠稳定地对集装箱进行支撑和锁定，有利于提升集装箱锁定装置的性能，则应用了内翻转式集装箱锁定装置的驮背运输车在运输集装箱的过程中更加安全和可靠。同时，内翻转式集装箱锁定装置不需要占用额外的空间，从而使驮背运输车不受场地局限，可以在高站台或者建筑界限区域内装卸货；而当驮背运输车需要改运轮式车辆时，使锁定结构由锁定位置运动至避让位置时，锁定结构收回至容纳空间内，支撑结构随锁定结构运动至收回位置，支撑结构也收回至容纳空间内，轮式车辆可以可靠顺利地驶入或驶出凹底架，不会与集装箱锁定装置发生干涉，从而使本申请提供的驮背运输车既能够运输轮式车辆，又能够运输集装箱。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了根据本申请的一种可选实施例的集装箱锁定装置的结构示意图，其中，集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构位于锁定位置；
图2示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的另一种状态的结构示意图，其中，集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构位于避让位置；
图3示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的尺寸关系示意图；
图4示出了图2中的集装箱锁定装置的尺寸关系示意图；
图5示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的另一个角度的部分结构示意图；
图6示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的部分结构的装配结构示意图；
图7示出了图2中的集装箱锁定装置的部分结构的装配结构示意图；
图8示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构的一个角度的立体结构示意图；
图9示出了图8中的锁定结构的另一个角度的立体结构示意图；
图10示出了图8中的锁定结构的剖视结构示意图；
图11示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的支撑结构的一个角度的立体结构示意图；
图12示出了图11中的支撑结构的另一个角度的立体结构示意图；
图13示出了图11中的支撑结构的剖视结构示意图；
图14示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的第一转轴的结构示意图；
图15示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的第二转轴的结构示意图；
图16示出了图1中的集装箱锁定装置的把手的结构示意图；
图17示出了根据本申请的一种可选实施例的驮背运输车的结构示意图；
图18示出了图17中A处的放大结构示意图，其中，两个集装箱锁定装置的两个锁定结构均位于锁定位置；
图19示出了图17中A处的放大结构示意图，其中，一个集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构位于锁定位置，另一个集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构位于避让位置；
图20示出了图17中的驮背运输车的另一个角度的结构示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
1、凹底架；3、装载空间；2、集装箱锁定装置；10、支架；111、容纳空间；11、第一侧板；112、让位孔；12、第二侧板；121、第一装配孔；13、立板；131、卡槽；132、导向槽；133、防脱凸台；134、焊接孔；135、过渡斜面；14、上盖板；15、连接座；16、支撑座；17、下侧梁；20、锁定结构；211、第一安装孔；212、凹槽；213、第二装配孔；214、第一连接孔；215、第一把手孔；216、第二把手孔；217、第一减重槽；22、锁头；23、底部过渡面；24、轮廓面；241、轮廓面拐点；25、顶部过渡面；26、加强筋；27、增强筋；30、支撑结构；311、第二安装孔；312、避让孔；32、支撑柱；33、第三把手孔；34、第四把手孔；351、第二减重槽；352、第三减重槽；36、过渡筋；40、第一转轴；41、限位槽；50、卡板；60、第一连接件；70、第二转轴；71、第二连接孔；72、旋转孔；80、第二连接件；90、把手；91、第一把手段；92、第二把手段；93、握持空间；100、止挡结构；101、卡扣。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本申请及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为了解决现有技术中的集装箱锁定装置为外翻转式的悬臂结构，从而影响集装箱锁定装置的性能的问题，本申请提供了一种集装箱锁定装置和驮背运输车。
如图1至图16所示，本申请提供了一种集装箱锁定装置，包括支架10、锁定结构20和支撑结构30，支架10具有容纳空间111；锁定结构20的第一端与支架10铰接，锁定结构20具有由容纳空间111伸出的锁定位置和收回至容纳空间111内的避让位置，支撑结构30的第一端与锁定结构20的第二端铰接；沿远离锁定结构20的方向，支撑结构30具有收回位置和与支架10配合的支撑位置。当锁定结构20位于锁定位置时，支撑结构30位于支撑位置并使锁定结构20停留在锁定位置。当锁定结构20位于避让位置时，支撑结构30位于收回位置并收回至容纳空间111内。
在本申请的实施例中，提供了一种内翻转式的集装箱锁定装置，集装箱锁定装置的锁定结构20由容纳空间伸出至锁定位置以对集装箱进行锁定时，支撑结构30随锁定结构20运动至支撑位置并与集装箱锁定装置的支架配合，使锁定结构20停留在锁定位置处，相比于单独的悬臂结构更加安全可靠，受力较小，能够更加可靠稳定地对集装箱进行支撑和锁定，有利于提升集装箱锁定装置的性能，则应用了内翻转式集装箱锁定装置的驮背运输车在运输集装箱的过程中更加安全和可靠。在不需要使用集装箱锁定装置时，使锁定结构20由锁定位置运动至避让位置时，锁定结构20收回至容纳空间111内，支撑结构随锁定结构20运动至收回位置，支撑结构30也收回至容纳空间111内，从而避免锁定结构20和支撑结构30与其他结构发生干涉，减少集装箱锁定装置的占用空间。
如图1所示，支架10具有与容纳空间111连通的卡槽131，卡槽131位于支撑结构30的第一端的下方。当支撑结构30位于支撑位置时，支撑结构30的第二端与卡槽131卡接，锁定结构20的第一端、支撑结构30的第一端和支撑结构30的第二端形成三角形。在不对锁定结构20和支撑结构30施加外力的情况下，锁定结构20和支撑结构30形成可靠稳定的三角形结构，锁定结构20可以可靠稳定地对集装箱进行支撑。在对锁定结构20和支撑结构30施加外力的情况下，使支撑结构30的第二端由卡槽131内脱出，并使锁定结构20转动至避让位置、支撑结构30运动至收回位置。
如图1所示，支架10还具有与卡槽131连通的导向槽132，导向槽132沿支撑结构30的第二端的运动轨迹延伸。这样，支撑结构30在支撑位置和收回位置之间运动的过程中，导向槽132对支撑结构30进行导向，使支撑结构30的运动更加平稳，保证支撑结构30能够顺利地运动至卡槽131内。
如图5所示，支架10包括第一侧板11和两个第二侧板12，两个第二侧板12沿第一方向相间隔地设置在第一侧板11上，第一侧板11和两个第二侧板12围成容纳空间111。如图1、图2和图5所示，集装箱锁定装置还包括第一转轴40，第一转轴40的两端分别与两个第二侧板12连接。锁定结构20的第一端具有第一安装孔211，锁定结构20通过第一安装孔211可枢转地套设在第一转轴40上；锁定结构20的第二端远离第一侧板11的表面上设有与集装箱配合的锁头22。锁定结构20相对于第一转轴40转动至锁定位置或避让位置。当锁定结构20转动至锁定位置时，锁头22由容纳空间111伸出，对集装箱进行支撑和锁定，当锁定结构20转动至避让位置时，锁头22收回至容纳空间111内。
如图5所示，两个第二侧板12上分别设有一个第一装配孔121，第一转轴40的两端分别穿设在两个第一装配孔121内。如图14所示，第一转轴40的外周面上设有沿其径向延伸的限位槽41。如图5所示，集装箱锁定装置还包括与限位槽41相适配的卡板50，卡板50的至少部分伸入限位槽41，卡板50与一个第二侧板12通过第一连接件60连接，以使第一转轴40与支架10固定连接。这样，卡板50与限位槽41配合，阻止第一转轴40相对于支架10发生轴向或径向的相对窜动。同时，第一转轴40通过卡板50和第一连接件60可拆卸地设置在支架10上，方便第一转轴40和锁定结构20的装配、拆卸和后期维护。
可选地，第一装配孔121为螺纹孔，第一连接件60包括螺栓和防松垫圈。
在本申请未图示的可选实施例中，第一转轴40的两端可以与两个第二侧板12焊接。
如图9和图10所示，锁定结构20靠近第一侧板11的表面上设有凹槽212，凹槽212用于容纳支撑结构30。凹槽212沿第一方向设置的两个第二槽侧壁上分别设有一个第二装配孔213。凹槽212远离第一安装孔211的第一槽侧壁上设有第一连接孔214。如图1、图2、图6、图7和图15所示，锁定装置还包括第二转轴70和第二连接件80，第二转轴70的两端分别穿设在两个第二装配孔213内，第二转轴70的外周壁上设有与第一连接孔214相对设置的第二连接孔71，第二连接件80穿过第一连接孔214和第二连接孔71，以使第二转轴70与锁定结构20固定连接。如图11至图13所示，支撑结构30的第一端具有第二安装孔311，支撑结构30通过第二安装孔311可枢转地套设在第二转轴70上。第二安装孔311的孔壁上设有用于避让第二连接件80的避让孔312。这样，第二转轴70通过第二连接件80固定在锁定结构20上，支撑结构30相对于第二转轴70转动至支撑位置或收回位置。支撑结构30和锁定结构20之间可拆卸地连接，方便第二转轴70和支撑结构30进行装配、拆卸和后期维护。凹槽212在保证锁定结构20的承载强度的前提下为支撑结构30提供容纳空间，有利于集装箱锁定装置的小型化设计。
如图6、图7、图11至图13所示，避让孔312呈扇形设置。呈扇形设置的避让孔312的尺寸根据支撑结构30的转动角度设置，保证支撑结构30可以可靠地运动至支撑位置或收回位置。
如图6、图7、图9和图10所示，锁定结构20的第二端还设有与凹槽212间隔设置的第一减重槽217，第一连接孔214将第一减重槽217和凹槽212连通。如图7所示，第一减重槽 217在起到减重作用的同时还为第二连接件80提供安装空间，避免第二连接件80与其他结构发生干涉。
如图8至图10所示，锁定结构20具有底部过渡面23、轮廓面24、轮廓面拐点241、顶部过渡面25、加强筋26和增强筋27。其中，锁头22设置在顶部过渡面25上底部过渡面23在轮廓面24的轮廓面拐点241后生根，以当支撑结构30位于收回位置时，支撑柱32的部分外周面可以与轮廓面24抵接，保证支撑结构30在收回位置时有足够的空间。增强筋27由三段圆弧构成，可以在尽量减少支撑结构30占用空间的基础上实现增大第二装配孔213的直径的效果，从而有利于增大第二转轴70的直径，提升第二转轴70的强度。底部过渡面23由轮廓面拐点241过渡到增强筋27间采用四段圆弧构成，保证受力平缓均匀。加强筋26的一端与轮廓面24连接，加强筋26的另一端向锁定结构20的第二端延伸，有利于提升锁定结构20的强度，从而提高集装箱锁定装置在装载集装箱时承受纵向力的抵抗扭转性。顶部过渡面25采用圆弧设置，保证受力平缓均匀。锁头22为不同集装箱装载时提供横向、纵向的固定作用，以在集装箱运送过程中起到防脱作用。当集装箱与锁头22之间产生轻微的相对转动后可使集装箱与锁头22脱离。
如图11至图13所示，支撑结构30上设有第二减重槽351和第三减重槽352，降低支撑结构30的重量，方便操作。
如图11和图12所示，支撑结构30上还设有过渡筋36，过渡筋36的一端与支撑柱32连接，过渡筋36的另一端向支撑结构30的第一端延伸，有利于提升支撑结构30的强度。
可选地，支撑结构30的第一端的两侧为加工面，用于与锁定结构20的凹槽212的内壁面接触，增大支撑结构30与锁定结构20的接触面积，加大受理区域。支撑结构30的中部为非加工区域，在铸造时可直接成形，中部区域不属于配合受力面区域，设置为非加工区域可以降低制造成本。
可选地，第一连接孔214为螺纹孔，第二连接件80包括螺栓、垫圈和防松垫圈。
如图7和图15所示，第二转轴70的轴向端面上设有旋转孔72，旋转孔72的孔壁面包括传动平面，以通过旋转孔72驱动第二转轴70转动，以使第二连接孔71与第一连接孔214相对设置。这样，在装配第二转轴70和支撑结构30时，利用工具伸入至旋转孔72内调整第二转轴70的装配位置，有利于提升第二转轴70和支撑结构30的装配效率。
如图1和图5所示，支架10还包括立板13，两个第二侧板12相对设置的表面上分别设置有一个立板13，立板13上设有卡槽131和导向槽132；支撑结构30的第二端具有两个支撑柱32，两个支撑柱32分别与两个导向槽132相配合；或两个支撑柱32分别与两个卡槽131相配合。这样，在支撑结构30由收回位置运动至支撑位置的过程中，支撑柱32先伸入导向槽132，在导向槽132的导向作用下运动至卡槽131内并与卡槽131卡接，从而使支撑结构30停留在支撑位置处，使锁定结构20停留在锁定位置。相应地，在外力的作用下使支撑柱32由卡槽131内脱出并在导向槽132的导向作用下运动至收回位置，同时锁定结构20转动至避让位置。
如图1、图2和图5所示，支架10还包括上盖板14，上盖板14与两个第二侧板12的顶端和第一侧板11的顶端连接。立板13的顶端与上盖板14间隔设置。第一侧板11上开设有用于避让锁定结构20的让位孔112；或者第一侧板11上开设有用于避让支撑结构30的让位孔112；或者第一侧板11上开设有用于避让锁定结构20和支撑结构30的让位孔112。当锁定结构20位于避让位置且支撑结构30位于收回位置时，上盖板14的两个侧面所在的平面之间形成安装空间，锁定结构20和支撑结构30位于安装空间内。这样，在不需要使用集装箱锁定装置时，保证锁定结构20和支撑结构30不凸出上盖板14的两个侧面，有效地避免锁定结构20和支撑结构30与其他结构发生干涉。在第一侧板11上开设让位孔112，有利于进一步地节约空间，即在锁定结构20位于避让位置，支撑结构30位于收回位置时，锁定结构20和/或支撑结构30的部分结构可以被容纳在让位孔112内。
此外，由于锁定结构20和支撑结构30为内翻转式，上盖板14和第一侧板11上不需要开设供集装箱锁定装置外翻的缺口，即上盖板14和第一侧板11不需要分段设置，从而有利于提升上盖板14和第一侧板11的刚度，有利于改善集装箱锁定装置的受力情况。相应地，可以改善驮背运输车的受力情况，提升驮背运输车的整体刚度，保证驮背运输车运送集装箱或轮式车辆时的安全性和平稳性。
可选地，如图5所示，立板13包括靠近上盖板14设置的过渡斜面135，立板13的顶端与上盖板14间隔设置，便于当支撑结构30位于收回位置时将其容纳在容纳空间111内，从而有利于集装箱锁定装置的小型化设计。
如图1所示，导向槽132的槽底壁呈弧形设置，导向槽132相对于卡槽131靠近第一侧板11设置。这样，利用导向槽132的槽底壁对支撑柱32进行导向，并且为了方便支撑柱32进入导向槽132内，导向槽132在立板13的上表面上的缺口大于支撑柱32的尺寸。
如图1所示，立板13包括防脱凸台133，防脱凸台133位于卡槽131的槽口处且位于远离第一侧板11的一侧，在支撑结构30运动至支撑位置后，防脱凸台133防止支撑柱32由卡槽131内脱出。在集装箱提升过程中，防脱凸台133可以防止锁定结构20继续翻转，阻止支撑结构30的支撑柱32由卡槽131内脱出。
如图1所示，立板13上还设有焊接孔134，立板13与第二侧板12焊接，焊道沿焊接孔134的周向延伸。
如图1、图2和图5所示，支架10还包括连接座15、支撑座16和下侧梁17，第一侧板11、第二侧板12、立板13、上盖板14、连接座15、支撑座16和下侧梁17组装焊接形成整体框架结构。
如图8和图9所示，锁定结构20上设有第一把手孔215和第二把手孔216，如图11和图12所示，支撑结构30上设有第三把手孔33和第四把手孔34。第一把手孔215和第二把手孔216均为长形孔。如图16所示，集装箱锁定装置还包括把手90，把手90包括对称设置的第一把手段91和第二把手段92，如图1、图2、图6和图7所示，第一把手段91穿设在第一把手孔215和第三把手孔33内，第一把手段91的第一端由第一把手孔215穿出后弯折延伸， 第一把手段91的第二端由第三把手孔33穿出后弯折延伸。第二把手段92穿设在第二把手孔216和第四把手孔34处，第二把手孔216的第一端由第二把手孔216穿出后弯折延伸并与第一把手孔215的第一端连接以围成握持空间93，第二把手段92的第二端由第四把手孔34穿出后弯折延伸。这样，操作者可以通过把手90驱动锁定结构20在锁定位置和避让位置之间转动、驱动支撑结构30在支撑位置和回收位置之间运动。对称设置的把手90保证把手90不发生旋转。
具体来说，当需要使用集装箱锁定装置时，操作者通过握持空间93向外拉动把手90，锁定结构20向上转动，支撑结构30沿着立板13的导向槽132的轨迹落入至立板13的卡槽131中，锁定结构20转动至锁定位置，支撑结构30为锁定结构20提供垂向作用力，使锁定结构20对集装箱进行可靠地支撑和锁定，此时集装箱锁定装置的状态如图1所示。当不再需要使用集装箱锁定装置时，操作者通过握持空间93向上提起把手90，同时驱动锁定结构20向下转动，从而使支撑结构30的支撑柱32由卡槽131内脱出，沿着立板13的导向槽132的轨迹运动至收回位置，此时集装箱锁定装置的状态如图2所示。
可选地，如图16所示，第一把手段91和第二把手段92为一体结构。把手90呈T型设置。
如图1和图2所示，集装箱锁定装置还包括止挡结构100，止挡结构100与第一侧板11连接，止挡结构100包括卡扣101，当锁定结构20位于避让位置时，卡扣101与锁定结构20的第二端卡接，以使锁定结构20停留在避让位置，支撑结构30位于锁定结构20和第一侧板11之间。这样，当锁定结构20运动至避让位置、支撑结构30运动至收回位置后，锁定结构20被卡扣101限位，使锁定结构20可靠地停留在避让位置，支撑结构30可靠地停留在收回位置。
本申请提供的集装箱锁定装置采用三角形封闭的稳定结构对集装箱进行锁定，具有受力均匀、各零部件受力小、结构简单可靠、锁固力大、抗破坏性强、操作简单和具有良好的推广价值的优点。
如图17至图20所示，本申请还提供了一种驮背运输车，驮背运输车包括：凹底架1，凹底架1包括多个集装箱锁定装置2，集装箱锁定装置2为上述的集装箱锁定装置。凹底架1具有用于装载集装箱或轮式车辆的装载空间3。多个集装箱锁定装置2对称地设置在装载空间3的两侧，多个集装箱锁定装置2的多个容纳空间111与装载空间3均连通；当集装箱锁定装置2的锁定结构20位于锁定位置时，锁定结构20的第二端由容纳空间111伸出并伸入装载空间3，装载空间3用于装载集装箱。当集装箱锁定装置2的锁定结构20位于避让位置时，锁定结构20的第二端由装载空间3收回至容纳空间111内，装载空间3用于装载轮式车辆。
本申请提供的驮背运输车采用了本申请提供的内翻转式的集装箱锁定装置，在使用时不需要占用额外的空间，从而使驮背运输车不受场地局限，可以在高站台或者建筑界限区域内装卸货。当驮背运输车需要改运轮式车辆时，使锁定结构20由锁定位置运动至避让位置时，锁定结构20收回至容纳空间111内，支撑结构随锁定结构20运动至收回位置，支撑结构30 也收回至容纳空间111内，轮式车辆可以可靠顺利地驶入或驶出凹底架1，不会与集装箱锁定装置发生干涉，从而使本申请提供的驮背运输车既能够运输轮式车辆，又能够运输集装箱。
由于本申请提供的内翻转式的集装箱锁定装置相比于单独的悬臂式结构更加安全可靠、受力更小，使得本申请提供的驮背运输车在运送过程中更加安全可靠。
可选地，本申请提供的集装箱锁定装置适用于20ft集装箱和40ft集装箱。
如图3和图4所示，本申请的实施例对集装箱锁定装置的结构尺寸参数关系进行了限定。具体来说，由于现有国标中已经规定20ft集装箱和40ft集装箱等规格型式集装箱的长度、宽度、高度及集装箱角件的定位尺寸，因此确定了锁头22的固定位置。为保证锁定结构20的悬臂最短，锁头22的承载力受力均匀，使锁定结构20的旋转中心距离锁头22的尺寸L3尽可能减小、锁头22距离支撑旋转中心的尺寸L4尽可能小、支撑结构30的长度尺寸L5应尽可能小。同时锁定结构20的轮廓面24的尺寸L2应尽可能大、支撑结构30的厚度尺寸L6应尽可能大、锁定结构20的支撑面厚度尺寸L7应尽可能大。同时应保证L≥L2+L6、L≥L1+L7+L6；另外考虑驮背运输车、支架10、锁定结构20和支撑结构30等制造组装因素，锁定结构20的轮廓面24距凹底架1内侧内宽平面的尺寸L8、支撑结构30距离第一侧板11内平面的尺寸L9应留有余量。综合考虑集装箱锁定装置的各相关空间尺寸L、L1、L2、……、L9，合理地确定各相关空间尺寸的平衡点，优化集装箱锁定装置的结构，降低集装箱锁定装置的重量，保证驮背运输车寿命期内运用的安全可靠性。驮背多功能运输车凹底架1的结构根据铁路机车车辆限界确定凹底架1可允许的最大宽度尺寸，最外宽极限为凹底架的第一侧板11。车辆内宽在考虑侧梁承载强度的情况下应保证车辆内宽最大，便于轮式车辆或集装箱的装卸，即在车辆侧梁宽度尺寸L、翻转锁锁头高度尺寸L1已经确定的情况下优化内翻转式集装箱锁闭装置结构。
可选地，本申请提供的驮背运输车可以用于运输20ft集装箱、40ft集装箱、公路半挂车和公路货车。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，包括：
    支架(10)，所述支架(10)具有容纳空间(111)；
    锁定结构(20)，所述锁定结构(20)的第一端与所述支架(10)铰接，所述锁定结构(20)具有由所述容纳空间(111)伸出的锁定位置和收回至所述容纳空间(111)内的避让位置；
    支撑结构(30)，所述支撑结构(30)的第一端与所述锁定结构(20)的第二端铰接；沿远离所述锁定结构(20)的方向，所述支撑结构(30)具有收回位置和与所述支架(10)配合的支撑位置；当所述锁定结构(20)位于所述锁定位置时，所述支撑结构(30)位于所述支撑位置并使所述锁定结构(20)停留在所述锁定位置；当所述锁定结构(20)位于所述避让位置时，所述支撑结构(30)位于所述收回位置并收回至所述容纳空间(111)内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，
    所述支架(10)具有与所述容纳空间(111)连通的卡槽(131)，所述卡槽(131)位于所述支撑结构(30)的第一端的下方；
    当所述支撑结构(30)位于所述支撑位置时，所述支撑结构(30)的第二端与所述卡槽(131)卡接，所述锁定结构(20)的第一端、所述支撑结构(30)的第一端和所述支撑结构(30)的第二端形成三角形。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，所述支架(10)还具有与所述卡槽(131)连通的导向槽(132)，所述导向槽(132)沿所述支撑结构(30)的第二端的运动轨迹延伸。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，
    所述支架(10)包括第一侧板(11)和两个第二侧板(12)，两个所述第二侧板(12)沿第一方向相间隔地设置在所述第一侧板(11)上，所述第一侧板(11)和两个所述第二侧板(12)围成所述容纳空间(111)；
    所述集装箱锁定装置还包括第一转轴(40)，所述第一转轴(40)的两端分别与两个所述第二侧板(12)连接；
    所述锁定结构(20)的第一端具有第一安装孔(211)，所述锁定结构(20)通过所述第一安装孔(211)可枢转地套设在所述第一转轴(40)上；所述锁定结构(20)的第二端远离所述第一侧板(11)的表面上设有与集装箱配合的锁头(22)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，
    两个所述第二侧板(12)上分别设有一个第一装配孔(121)，所述第一转轴(40)的两端分别穿设在两个所述第一装配孔(121)内；所述第一转轴(40)的外周面上设有 沿其径向延伸的限位槽(41)；
    所述集装箱锁定装置还包括与所述限位槽(41)相适配的卡板(50)，所述卡板(50)的至少部分伸入所述限位槽(41)，所述卡板(50)与一个所述第二侧板(12)通过第一连接件(60)连接，以使所述第一转轴(40)与所述支架(10)固定连接。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，
    所述锁定结构(20)靠近所述第一侧板(11)的表面上设有凹槽(212)，所述凹槽(212)用于容纳所述支撑结构(30)；所述凹槽(212)沿所述第一方向设置的两个第二槽侧壁上分别设有一个第二装配孔(213)；所述凹槽(212)远离所述第一安装孔(211)的第一槽侧壁上设有第一连接孔(214)；所述锁定装置还包括：
    第二转轴(70)，所述第二转轴(70)的两端分别穿设在两个所述第二装配孔(213)内，所述第二转轴(70)的外周壁上设有与所述第一连接孔(214)相对设置的第二连接孔(71)；
    第二连接件(80)，所述第二连接件(80)穿过所述第一连接孔(214)和所述第二连接孔(71)，以使所述第二转轴(70)与所述锁定结构(20)固定连接；
    所述支撑结构(30)的第一端具有第二安装孔(311)，所述支撑结构(30)通过所述第二安装孔(311)可枢转地套设在所述第二转轴(70)上；所述第二安装孔(311)的孔壁上设有用于避让所述第二连接件(80)的避让孔(312)。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，所述避让孔(312)呈扇形设置。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，所述第二转轴(70)的轴向端面上设有旋转孔(72)，所述旋转孔(72)的孔壁面包括传动平面，以通过所述旋转孔(72)驱动所述第二转轴(70)转动，以使所述第二连接孔(71)与所述第一连接孔(214)相对设置。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，所述支架(10)还包括：
    立板(13)，两个所述第二侧板(12)相对设置的表面上分别设置有一个所述立板(13)，所述立板(13)上设有所述卡槽(131)和所述导向槽(132)；
    所述支撑结构(30)的第二端具有两个支撑柱(32)，两个所述支撑柱(32)分别与两个所述导向槽(132)相配合；或两个所述支撑柱(32)分别与两个所述卡槽(131)相配合。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，
    所述支架(10)还包括上盖板(14)，所述上盖板(14)与两个所述第二侧板(12)的顶端和所述第一侧板(11)的顶端连接；所述立板(13)的顶端与所述上盖板(14)间隔设置；所述第一侧板(11)上开设有用于避让所述锁定结构(20)的让位孔(112)；
    或者所述第一侧板(11)上开设有用于避让所述支撑结构(30)的让位孔(112)；
    或者所述第一侧板(11)上开设有用于避让所述锁定结构(20)和所述支撑结构(30)的让位孔(112)；
    当所述锁定结构(20)位于所述避让位置且所述支撑结构(30)位于所述收回位置时，所述上盖板(14)的两个侧面所在的平面之间形成安装空间，所述锁定结构(20)和所述支撑结构(30)位于所述安装空间内；
    所述导向槽(132)的槽底壁呈弧形设置，所述导向槽(132)相对于所述卡槽(131)靠近所述第一侧板(11)设置；
    所述立板(13)包括防脱凸台(133)，所述防脱凸台(133)位于所述卡槽(131)的槽口处且位于远离所述第一侧板(11)的一侧，在所述支撑结构(30)运动至所述支撑位置后，所述防脱凸台(133)防止所述支撑柱(32)由所述卡槽(131)内脱出。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，
    所述锁定结构(20)上设有第一把手孔(215)和第二把手孔(216)，所述支撑结构(30)上设有第三把手孔(33)和第四把手孔(34)；所述第一把手孔(215)和所述第二把手孔(216)均为长形孔；
    所述集装箱锁定装置还包括把手(90)，所述把手(90)包括对称设置的第一把手段(91)和第二把手段(92)，所述第一把手段(91)穿设在所述第一把手孔(215)和所述第三把手孔(33)内，所述第一把手段(91)的第一端由所述第一把手孔(215)穿出后弯折延伸，所述第一把手段(91)的第二端由所述第三把手孔(33)穿出后弯折延伸；所述第二把手段(92)穿设在所述第二把手孔(216)和所述第四把手孔(34)内，所述第二把手孔(216)的第一端由所述第二把手孔(216)穿出后弯折延伸并与所述第一把手孔(215)的第一端连接以围成握持空间(93)，所述第二把手段(92)的第二端由所述第四把手孔(34)穿出后弯折延伸。
  12. 根据权利要求4所述的集装箱锁定装置，其特征在于，所述集装箱锁定装置还包括止挡结构(100)，所述止挡结构(100)与所述第一侧板(11)连接，所述止挡结构(100)包括卡扣(101)，当所述锁定结构(20)位于所述避让位置时，所述卡扣(101)与所述锁定结构(20)的第二端卡接，以使所述锁定结构(20)停留在所述避让位置，所述支撑结构(30)位于所述锁定结构(20)和所述第一侧板(11)之间。
  13. 一种驮背运输车，其特征在于，所述驮背运输车包括：
    凹底架(1)，所述凹底架(1)包括多个集装箱锁定装置(2)，所述集装箱锁定装置(2)为权利要求1至12中任一项所述的集装箱锁定装置；所述凹底架(1)具有用于装载集装箱或轮式车辆的装载空间(3)；多个所述集装箱锁定装置(2)对称地设置在所述装载空间(3)的两侧，多个所述集装箱锁定装置(2)的多个容纳空间(111)与所述装 载空间(3)均连通；
    当所述集装箱锁定装置(2)的锁定结构(20)位于所述锁定位置时，所述锁定结构(20)的第二端由所述容纳空间(111)伸出并伸入所述装载空间(3)，所述装载空间(3)用于装载集装箱；
    当所述集装箱锁定装置(2)的锁定结构(20)位于所述避让位置时，所述锁定结构(20)的第二端由所述装载空间(3)收回至所述容纳空间(111)内，所述装载空间(3)用于装载轮式车辆。
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