WO2021114673A1 - 一种物联网数据传输方法及系统 - Google Patents
一种物联网数据传输方法及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/62—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria
- H04L47/625—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders
- H04L47/6275—Queue scheduling characterised by scheduling criteria for service slots or service orders based on priority
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
- H04L67/125—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks involving control of end-device applications over a network
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y10/00—Economic sectors
- G16Y10/75—Information technology; Communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L7/00—Arrangements for synchronising receiver with transmitter
- H04L7/0008—Synchronisation information channels, e.g. clock distribution lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q9/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for selectively calling a substation from a main station, in which substation desired apparatus is selected for applying a control signal thereto or for obtaining measured values therefrom
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
- H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/60—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for transmitting utility meters data, i.e. transmission of data from the reader of the utility meter
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the technical field of data collection on an Internet of Things platform, and in particular relates to a method and system for data transmission of the Internet of Things.
- the Internet of Things refers to a network of devices and technologies such as various information sensors, radio frequency identification technology, global positioning system, infrared sensors, laser scanners, etc., real-time collection of any need to monitor, connect, and interact
- the object or the process of collecting various required information such as sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, location, etc.
- the equipment that collects information such as sound, light, heat, electricity, mechanics, chemistry, biology, location, etc. are collectively called meters, and various meters in a fixed area communicate with the IoT platform through a concentrator.
- the Internet of Things platform only organizes and parses messages for a certain communication protocol, and delegates the work of compatibility with multiple protocols to the concentrator, such as MODBUSTCP, IEC104, MQTT and other framework protocols, which strengthen The function of the concentrator, but also caused the separation of the communication between the IoT platform and the concentrator, and the communication between the concentrator and the meter, which made the time stamp of the data taken from the concentrator inaccurate and shielded the underlying table from the IoT platform. Defects such as insufficient remote upgrade capability of the meter, concentrator and its meter, which is not conducive to function expansion;
- the second is to weaken the function of the concentrator, and form the synchronization and intercommunication between the IoT platform, the concentrator, and the meter, and the concentrator is only used as a hardware interface for transparent forwarding of data messages, such as the Q/GDW376.1 protocol, Wrap the head and tail of the protocol message to the communication content, so that the IoT platform uses the original message of the meter to directly communicate with the lowest-level meter, and the different protocol disassembly of the meter is completed by the IoT platform, but the collection is synchronized
- the method has high requirements for the real-time performance of the communication channel, and the collection is prone to error and failure. Especially for periodic metering tasks, the IoT platform must actively initiate the collection every time, and the role of the concentrator is shelved.
- the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an Internet of Things data transmission method and system, which not only solves the problem of upper and lower layer transmission fragmentation existing in the prior art, but also solves the problem of high channel requirements for synchronous transmission.
- the embodiments of the present invention provide an Internet of Things data transmission method and system. From the aspects of the Internet of Things platform, the concentrator, and the Internet of Things system including the Internet of Things platform, the concentrator and the target meter, respectively
- the design not only overcomes the problem of transmission split between the upper and lower layers, but also solves the problem of high channel requirements for synchronous transmission.
- the first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an Internet of Things data transmission method, including a downlink transmission step, and the downlink transmission step includes:
- first downlink data issued by the Internet of Things platform where the first downlink data includes: a first message generated by a first message format, a communication protocol message of the target meter, and a metering task;
- the second downlink data includes a communication protocol message of the target meter and a metering task
- the asynchronous delivery queue deliver the second downlink data to a target meter, so that the target meter completes the metering task.
- the second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an Internet of Things data transmission method, including a downlink transmission step and an uplink transmission step, wherein the downlink transmission step includes:
- message format processing is performed on the metering task to generate first downlink data
- the first downlink data includes: generated by the first message format The first message, the communication protocol message of the target meter, and the metering task;
- the concentrator sends the first downlink data to the concentrator, so that the concentrator parses and obtains the second downlink data and sends the second downlink data to the corresponding target meter, wherein the second downlink data includes all Describe the communication protocol messages of the target meter and meter tasks;
- the uplink transmission step includes:
- the second uplink data includes: a first message generated from the first message format, a communication protocol message of the target meter, and a metering task result.
- the third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides an Internet of Things data transmission system, including an Internet of Things platform, M concentrators, and N types of meters, where M and N are all natural numbers, and the Internet of Things platform includes:
- the first downlink data generating module is configured to perform message format processing on the metering task according to the first message format to generate first downlink data
- the first downlink data includes: the first message generated by the first message format, the communication protocol message of the target meter, and the metering task;
- a first downlink data issuing module configured to issue the first downlink data
- the concentrator includes:
- the first downlink data obtaining module is configured to obtain the first downlink data issued by the Internet of Things platform;
- the first downlink data analysis module is configured to analyze the first downlink data and obtain the target meter and forwarding priority of the metering task;
- a second downlink data obtaining module configured to obtain second downlink data, where the second downlink data includes a communication protocol message of the target meter and a metering task;
- a second downlink data issuing module configured to send the second downlink data to the corresponding target meter according to the forwarding priority
- a first uplink data obtaining module configured to obtain first uplink data uploaded by the target meter, where the first uplink data includes a communication protocol message of the target meter and a meter task result;
- a second uplink data generating module configured to generate second uplink data, where the second uplink data includes the first message and the first uplink data;
- the second uplink data reporting module is configured to report the second uplink data to the Internet of Things platform.
- the embodiment of the present invention has the beneficial effect at least that: in the embodiment of the present invention, the concentrator queues the metering tasks according to the priority of different metering tasks and executes them asynchronously. Repeatedly executed periodic tasks are completed autonomously and then actively reported. There is no need to initiate tasks from the IoT platform every time. This reduces the workload of the IoT platform and makes full use of the role of the concentrator as a middle device while maintaining the core The integrity of the task data is not prone to errors, and the channel requirements will be reduced due to asynchronous execution. This method is especially suitable for periodic metering tasks.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the downlink transmission steps of a concentrator according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the uplink transmission steps of the concentrator according to the first embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the implementation flow of the uplink transmission steps of the concentrator according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of the steps in which the concentrator responds to the task execution status of the Internet of Things platform in accordance with the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a complete implementation flow of the downlink transmission steps of the Internet of Things platform provided by an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a complete implementation process of the step of obtaining the second uplink data uploaded by the concentrator by the Internet of Things platform provided in the second embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a complete implementation process of the steps of querying task execution status on the Internet of Things platform provided in the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an Internet of Things transmission system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an Internet of Things transmission system provided by Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an Internet of Things transmission system provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
- the term “if” can be interpreted as “when” or “once” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection” depending on the context .
- the phrase “if determined” or “if detected [described condition or event]” can be interpreted as meaning “once determined” or “in response to determination” or “once detected [described condition or event]” depending on the context ]” or “in response to detection of [condition or event described]”.
- This embodiment provides an Internet of Things data transmission system, as shown in FIG. 8, including an Internet of Things platform 7, M concentrators 8 and N types of meters 9, where M and N are all natural numbers;
- the IoT platform 7 includes a first downlink data generating module 71 and a first downlink data issuing module 72.
- the first downlink data generating module 71 is configured to perform message format processing on the metering task according to the first message format to generate first downlink data; the first downlink data issuing module 72 uses To issue the first downlink data.
- the concentrator 8 includes a first downlink data obtaining module 81, a first downlink data analyzing module 82, a second downlink data obtaining module 83, a second downlink data issuing module 84, a first uplink data obtaining module 85, and a second downlink data obtaining module.
- the first downlink data obtaining module 81 is used to obtain the first downlink data issued by the Internet of Things platform 7; the first downlink data analyzing module 82 is used to analyze the first downlink data Line data to obtain the target meter and forwarding priority of the metering task; the second downlink data obtaining module 83 is used to obtain second downlink data; the second downlink data issuing module 84 is used to obtain the second downlink data according to the The forwarding priority sends the second downlink data to the corresponding target meter; the first uplink data obtaining module 85 is configured to obtain the first uplink data uploaded by the target meter; the second uplink data is generated The module 86 is used to generate second uplink data; the second uplink data reporting module 87 is used to report the second uplink data to the IoT platform 7.
- the meter 9 includes a second downlink data acquisition module 91 and a first uplink data upload module 92.
- the second downlink data obtaining module 91 is used to obtain the second downlink data issued by the concentrator 8;
- the first uplink data uploading module 92 is used to upload the first uplink data to the Mentioned concentrator 8.
- Step S401 Obtain a metering task
- Step S402 Perform message format processing on the metering task according to the first message format and the communication protocol of the target meter to generate first downlink data, where the first downlink data includes: The first message generated by the format, the communication protocol message of the target meter, and the metering task;
- Step S403 Send the first downlink data to the concentrator 8, so that the concentrator 8 parses and obtains the second downlink data and sends the second downlink data to the corresponding target meter.
- the downlink data includes the communication protocol message of the target meter and the metering task;
- the first message format in this embodiment includes: the number of tasks in this frame, the first data unit format of each metering task, and the first data unit format includes: belonging task number, task flag , Forwarding priority, report flag, storage depth, task start time, task period attributes, task period interval, task end time, communication protocol type, rule options, task expected response length, task message length, task message content;
- the task flag indicates that the task needs to be executed.
- "00H” indicates that the task cannot be executed
- "55H” indicates that the task is enabled
- "AAH” indicates that the task is stopped
- other values indicate that the task is invalid.
- Task is deleted;
- the forwarding priority is the order in which this task is executed in the asynchronous queue of the concentrator, preferably "00" indicates the lowest priority;
- the report flag indicates the status of the report after the task is executed.
- the storage depth preferably takes a value of 0 to 255, which means to store the execution results of the last few tasks, and when it takes "0", it means to store the data of the last 3 days;
- the task start time indicates the start time that the task needs to be executed.
- "99-99-99 99:99” means the current time is the benchmark, otherwise the specified time is the benchmark period. When there is an invalid time point in the execution, the task will not be executed in this period;
- the task start time alignment if the task start time is 1 o'clock, the task execution cycle is once every hour, the task execution result storage time mark is " 01:00", “02:00”, “03:00”... and so on; "00” means wildcard, valid for year, month, and day, respectively representing year, month, and day;
- the task period attribute indicates the time unit of the periodic task execution, preferably including year, month, day, hour, minute, and second, as shown in Table 3;
- the character period interval is a specific interval value after the task period attribute is set, and the value range is preferably set from 0 to 255. When it is set to "0", it means that it will be executed only once;
- the task end time represents the last time the task is executed, that is, the task will not terminate execution until the task end time.
- "99-99-99 99:99” means the task will not be terminated;
- "00" means wildcard, right The year, month, and day are valid, respectively representing each year, month, and day;
- the communication protocol type is the communication protocol of the target meter. It is preferable to set "00H” as a transparent protocol, "01H” as DL/T 645-1997, "02H” as DL/T 645-2007, and "03H” as DL/ T698.45, other expandable;
- the rule option is an alternate option description
- the expected response length of the task is the time interval between when the task is issued by the Internet of Things platform and when the task is received by the final target meter, which is set by the Internet of Things platform according to the needs of the task;
- the task message length is the data length of the task content
- the content of the task message is the metering task.
- BIN stands for binary coding
- BS16 stands for an independent bit combination with a length of 16
- L1 stands for the length of user data.
- Table 2 described in Table 1 is as follows:
- Table 3 described in Table 1 is as follows:
- the IoT platform 7 passively waits for the concentrator 8 to upload data, so the uplink transmission step includes:
- Step S500 Obtain the second uplink data uploaded by the concentrator 8;
- the second uplink data includes: a first message generated from the first message format, a communication protocol message of the target meter, and a metering task result.
- an IoT data transmission method executed by the concentrator 8 includes a downlink transmission step.
- the downlink transmission step includes:
- Step S101 Obtain first downlink data issued by the Internet of Things platform 7, where the first downlink data includes: a first message generated from a first message format, a communication protocol message of the target meter, and a meter task;
- Step S102 Parse the first downlink data to obtain the target meter and the forwarding priority of the meter task in the first message;
- Step S103 Obtain second downlink data, where the second downlink data includes the communication protocol message of the target meter and the metering task;
- Step S104 Add the second downlink data to the asynchronous delivery queue according to the forwarding priority
- Step S105 According to the asynchronous delivery queue, deliver the second downlink data to a target meter, so that the target meter completes the metering task.
- This embodiment still adopts the method of wrapping data to be processed by the target meter in a specific message format in the prior art to perform transparent transmission between the upper and lower layers, and regards the metering tasks that the target meter needs to perform and the corresponding different communication protocols as A whole data, that is, the communication protocol message including the target meter and the second downlink data of the meter task.
- the concentrator does not need to process this data as a whole, but only the specific message wrapped outside, that is, the first message. Text, analysis and forwarding, the core task data is complete during the transmission process, and is not easily affected, which can greatly reduce the error rate during transmission.
- the task data is overlaid to forward the required port, baud rate, check and other message information. Therefore, if the IoT platform times out or the concentrator times out, either This task will fail if there is a problem.
- the GPRS/CDMA and downlink carrier channels commonly used in the field uplink the advantages of its own hardware technology are not in the real-time performance of a single communication.
- the synchronization mode is not conducive to the periodic collection of meters by the concentrator. Each meter execution task must be initiated by the Internet of Things platform, which increases the complexity of the Internet of Things platform for periodic meter tasks.
- the concentrator queues up different metering tasks according to their priority and performs asynchronous execution, so that the concentrator can repeat the execution of the metering tasks.
- the periodic tasks are completed autonomously, and then actively reported. There is no need to initiate tasks by the IoT platform every time. This reduces the workload of the IoT platform and makes full use of the role of the concentrator as a middle device, while maintaining core task data. It is not easy to make mistakes, and the channel requirements will be reduced due to asynchronous execution. This method is especially suitable for periodic metering tasks.
- the concentrator when the concentrator obtains the first downlink data issued by the IoT platform, it also needs to respond to the IoT platform to confirm receipt or non-receipt of the data. When it is received, it responds to the confirmation message That is, if it has not been received, it will respond with a denial message.
- the response step is a standard setting in the communication protocol, so there is no need to repeat it in this embodiment.
- the above table 1 is the downlink data content of the new communication protocol proposed in this embodiment.
- this communication protocol Through this communication protocol, the complex periodic task execution situation can be satisfied, so that the IoT platform only needs to issue a task command once, and then it can be handed over to the concentrator.
- Complete regularly repeated metering tasks without having to be re-issued by the IoT platform each time, and the protocol of different meters has little impact on the concentrator, and realizes the intercommunication of the IoT platform, the concentrator, and the target meter.
- Compatible communication methods are possible to be used in this embodiment.
- the concentrator 8 further includes performing an uplink transmission step after performing the downlink transmission step.
- the uplink transmission step is shown in FIG. 2 and includes:
- Step S201 Obtain first uplink data uploaded by the target meter, where the first uplink data includes the communication protocol message of the target meter and the meter task result;
- Step S202 Generate second uplink data, where the second uplink data includes the first message and the first uplink data;
- Step S205 Actively report the second uplink data to the IoT platform 7.
- This embodiment provides an IoT data transmission system, also as shown in FIG. 8, including an IoT platform 7, M concentrators 8 and N types of meters 9, where M and N are all natural numbers.
- the IoT platform 7 of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 10, and includes a first downlink data generating module 71, a first downlink data issuing module 72, a meter task query module 73, and a task execution status query module 74.
- the first downlink data generating module 71 is configured to perform message format processing on the metering task according to the first message format to generate first downlink data;
- the first downlink data issuing module 72 uses The first downlink data is issued;
- the meter task query module 73 is configured to generate a meter task query message according to the second message format, and deliver the meter task query message to the centralized
- the task execution status query module 74 is configured to generate an execution status query message according to the third message format, and deliver the execution status query message to the concentrator;
- the concentrator 8 includes a first downlink data obtaining module 81, a first downlink data analyzing module 82, a second downlink data obtaining module 83, a second downlink data issuing module 84, a first uplink data obtaining module 85, and a second downlink data obtaining module.
- the first downlink data obtaining module 81 is used to obtain the first downlink data issued by the Internet of Things platform 7; the first downlink data analyzing module 82 is used to analyze the first downlink data Row data to obtain the target meter and forwarding priority of the metering task; the second downlink data obtaining module 83 is used to obtain second downlink data; the second downlink data issuing module 84 is used to obtain the second downlink data according to the The forwarding priority sends the second downlink data to the corresponding target meter; the first uplink data obtaining module 85 is configured to obtain the first uplink data uploaded by the target meter; the second uplink data is generated The module 86 is used to generate second uplink data; the second uplink data reporting module 87 is used to report the second uplink data to the Internet of Things platform 7; the meter task query message parsing module 88 is used to analyze The meter task query message; the execution status query message acquisition module 89 is used to acquire the execution status query message issued by the Internet of Things platform; the third uplink data generation
- the meter 9 includes a second downlink data acquisition module 91 and a first uplink data upload module 92, as shown in FIG. 10, where the second downlink data acquisition module 91 is used to acquire the concentrator 8.
- the second downlink data issued; the first uplink data upload module 92, configured to upload the first uplink data to the concentrator 8.
- Step S401 Obtain a metering task
- Step S402 Perform message format processing on the metering task according to the first message format and the communication protocol of the target meter to generate first downlink data;
- Step S403 Send the first downlink data to the concentrator 8, so that the concentrator 8 parses and obtains the second downlink data and sends the second downlink data to the corresponding target meter;
- the first message format in this embodiment preferably includes: the number of tasks in this frame, the format of the first data unit of each metering task, and the format of the first data unit includes: belonging task number, task Flag, forwarding priority, report flag, storage depth, task start time, task period attributes, task period interval, task end time, communication protocol type, rule options, task expected response length, task message length, task message content .
- the IoT platform 7 in this embodiment actively collects the second uplink data.
- FIG. 6 for details, including:
- Step S501 Generate a meter task query message according to the second message format
- Step S502 Send the meter task query message to the concentrator 8;
- Step S503 Obtain the second uplink data reported by the concentrator 8.
- the second message format includes: the number of query tasks, and the number of each task to be queried, see Table 4 below:
- this embodiment also includes the step of querying the task execution status.
- the step of querying the task execution status includes:
- Step S601 Generate an execution status query message according to the third message format
- Step S602 Send the execution status query message to the concentrator 8;
- Step S603 Obtain the third uplink data reported by the concentrator 8, and the third uplink data is generated by the concentrator 8 according to the fourth message format.
- the third message format in this embodiment includes: task number, query start time, and query end time, see Table 5 below:
- the fourth message format in this embodiment includes the task number, the number of points in this frame, and the format of the second data unit completed by each task.
- the second data unit format includes: task time point, task response message length, task completion time, task response frame. See Table 6 below:
- Task completion time See table 2 5 Task response frame BIN L1-5 ... ... ... Task time point q See table 2 5 Task response message length BIN 1 Task completion time See table 2 5 Task response frame BIN Lq-5
- the task response frame represents the response data when the task is executed, and the number of bytes is the sum of the length of the task message q completion time and the length of the task message q response frame.
- This embodiment is preferably set when the query task is not executed , A unified reply "00".
- an IoT data transmission method executed by the concentrator 8 includes a downlink transmission step.
- the downlink transmission step includes:
- Step S101 Obtain first downlink data issued by the Internet of Things platform 7, where the first downlink data includes: a first message generated from a first message format, a communication protocol message of the target meter, and a meter task;
- Step S102 Parse the first downlink data to obtain the target meter and the forwarding priority of the meter task in the first message;
- Step S103 Obtain second downlink data, where the second downlink data includes the communication protocol message of the target meter and the metering task;
- Step S104 Add the second downlink data to the asynchronous delivery queue according to the forwarding priority
- Step S105 According to the asynchronous delivery queue, deliver the second downlink data to a target meter, so that the target meter completes the metering task.
- the concentrator 8 after the concentrator 8 performs the downlink transmission step, when performing the uplink transmission step, it passively waits for the IoT platform 7 to collect the second uplink data. See FIG. 3, including:
- Step S201 Obtain first uplink data uploaded by the target meter, where the first uplink data includes the communication protocol message of the target meter and the meter task result;
- Step S202 Generate second uplink data, where the second uplink data includes the first message and the first uplink data;
- Step S203 Obtain a meter task query message issued by the Internet of Things platform 7, where the meter task query message is generated by the Internet of Things platform 7 according to a second message format;
- Step S204 Parse the meter task query message, and report the corresponding second uplink data to the IoT platform 7;
- Step S205 Report the second uplink data to the IoT platform 7.
- the concentrator 8 further includes a step of responding to the task execution status of the Internet of Things platform 7 after performing the downlink transmission step. See FIG. 4, the answering object
- the steps for the online platform 7 to query the execution status of the task include:
- Step S301 Obtain an execution status query message issued by the Internet of Things platform 7, where the execution status query message is generated by the Internet of Things platform 7 according to a third message format;
- Step S302 Parse the execution status query message to generate corresponding third uplink data, and the third uplink data is generated by the concentrator 8 according to the fourth message format;
- Step S303 Report the third uplink data to the IoT platform 7.
- This embodiment completely proposes a communication protocol, which is especially suitable for periodically executed metering tasks. Only three instructions are required: metering task setting (adding the first message), querying metering tasks, and querying task execution status. , Compatible with meter data collection of all types of protocols, reduce the software dependence on the middle layer data concentrator, and leave the complexity in the remote operation and maintenance, modification and expansion of the Internet of Things platform to handle. Reduce the technical difficulty and complexity of the underlying site, and avoid the impact of the instability of the underlying on the data collection success rate and data quality. Focus on the expansion of the concentrator hardware interface and the protocol compatibility of the Internet of Things platform, and the completeness of the protocol implementation.
- the above-mentioned integrated units can be hardware-based Formal realization can also be realized in the form of a software functional unit.
- the specific names of the functional units and modules are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application.
- the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail or recorded in an embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.
- the disclosed device/terminal device and method may be implemented in other ways.
- the device/terminal device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
- the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, such as multiple units.
- components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be omitted or not implemented.
- the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
- the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
- the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
- the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit. If the integrated module/unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
- the present invention implements all or part of the processes in the above-mentioned embodiments and methods, and can also be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program.
- the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed by the processor, it can implement the steps of the foregoing method embodiments.
- the computer program includes computer program code
- the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file, or some intermediate forms.
- the computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory) , Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), electrical carrier signal, telecommunications signal, and software distribution media, etc.
- ROM Read-Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- electrical carrier signal telecommunications signal
- software distribution media etc.
- the content contained in the computer-readable medium can be appropriately added or deleted according to the requirements of the legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction.
- the computer-readable medium Does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.
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Abstract
一种物联网数据传输方法及系统,方法包括下行传输步骤:获取物联网平台下发的第一下行数据;解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述第一报文中所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;获取第二下行数据;根据所述转发优先级将所述第二下行数据加入异步下发队列;根据所述异步下发队列,下发所述第二下行数据至目标表计,以使所述目标表计完成所述表计任务;充分利用了集中器的中间器作用,同时也维持了核心任务数据的完整性,而信道要求也会因异步执行而降低,尤其适用周期性的表计任务。
Description
本发明属于物联网平台数据采集技术领域,尤其涉及一种物联网数据传输方法及系统。
物联网(The Internet of Things,简称IOT)是指通过各种信息传感器、射频识别技术、全球定位系统、红外感应器、激光扫描器等装置与技术的网络,实时采集任何需要监控、连接、互动的物体或过程,采集其声、光、热、电、力学、化学、生物、位置等各种需要的信息。其中,采集声、光、热、电、力学、化学、生物、位置等信息的设备统称为表计,而固定区域内的各种表计通过集中器来与物联网平台进行数据通信。
由于不同的表计会有多种传输协议,物联网系统如何兼容不同传输协议间的通讯就成为构建物联网的关键,现有物联网的数据传输方式主要为两种:
第一种是物联网平台只针对某一种通信协议进行组报文和解析报文,将兼容多种协议的工作交由集中器来负责,如MODBUSTCP、IEC104、MQTT等框架协议,其强化了集中器的功能,但也造成物联网平台与集中器的通信、集中器与表计的通信二者割裂开来,使数据取自集中器的时间标志不精确、对物联网平台屏蔽了底层表计、集中器及其下表计的远程升级能力不足、不利于功能扩展等缺陷;
第二种则是弱化了集中器的功能,将物联网平台、集中器、表计三者形成同步互通,且集中器仅作为数据报文透明转发的硬件接口,如Q/GDW376.1协议,将协议报文的头尾包裹通信内容,令物联网平台使用表计的原始报文与最底层表计进行直接通信,而表计的不同协议解组由物联网平台来完成,但同步的采集方式对通信信道的实时性要求很高,采集容易出错失败,尤其对于周期性的表计任务,每次都必须由物联网平台主动发起采集,且集中器的作用被搁置。
本发明实施例的目的在于提供一种物联网数据传输方法及系统,既解决了现有技术中存在的上下层传输割裂的问题,又解决了同步传输对信道要求高的问题。
有鉴于此,本发明实施例提供了一种物联网数据传输方法及系统,从物联网平台方面、集中器方面以及包含了物联网平台、集中器和目标表计的物联网系统方面,分别进行了设计,既克服了上下层传输割裂的问题,又解决了同步传输对信道要求高的问题。
本发明实施例的第一方面提供了一种物联网数据传输方法,包括下行传输步骤,所述下行传输步骤包括:
获取物联网平台下发的第一下行数据,所述第一下行数据包括:由第一报 文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述第一报文中所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;
获取第二下行数据,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
根据所述转发优先级将所述第二下行数据加入异步下发队列;
根据所述异步下发队列,下发所述第二下行数据至目标表计,以使所述目标表计完成所述表计任务。
本发明实施例的第二方面提供了一种物联网数据传输方法,包括下行传输步骤与上行传输步骤,其中所述下行传输步骤包括:
获取表计任务;
根据第一报文格式以及目标表计的通信协议,对表计任务进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据,所述第一下行数据包括:由所述第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
下发所述第一下行数据至集中器,以使所述集中器解析获取第二下行数据并发送所述第二下行数据至对应的目标表计,其中,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
所述上行传输步骤包括:
获取所述集中器上传的第二上行数据;
所述第二上行数据包括:由所述第一报文格式生成的第一报文、所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果。
本发明实施例的第三方面提供了一种物联网数据传输系统,包括物联网平台、M个集中器以及N种表计,其中,M、N均为自然数,所述物联网平台包括:
第一下行数据生成模块,用于根据第一报文格式,对表计任务进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据;
所述第一下行数据包括:由第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
第一下行数据下发模块,用于下发所述第一下行数据;
所述集中器包括:
第一下行数据获取模块,用于获取所述物联网平台下发的所述第一下行数据;
第一下行数据解析模块,用于解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;
第二下行数据获取模块,用于获取第二下行数据,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
第二下行数据下发模块,用于根据所述转发优先级发送所述第二下行数据至对应的所述目标表计;
第一上行数据获取模块,用于获取所述目标表计上传的第一上行数据,所 述第一上行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果;
第二上行数据生成模块,用于生成第二上行数据,所述第二上行数据包括所述第一报文以及所述第一上行数据;
第二上行数据上报模块,用于上报所述第二上行数据至所述物联网平台。
本发明实施例与现有技术相比存在的有益效果至少在于:本发明实施例中集中器根据不同表计任务的优先级对表计任务进行排队,进行异步执行,这样可以由集中器对需要重复执行的周期性任务进行自主完成,然后主动上报,无需每次由物联网平台定时发起任务,减少了物联网平台的工作量,也充分利用了集中器的中间器作用,同时也维持了核心任务数据的完整性,不易出错,而信道要求也会因异步执行而降低,本方法尤其适用周期性的表计任务。
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的集中器下行传输步骤的实现流程示意图;
图2是本发明实施例一提供的集中器上行传输步骤的实现流程示意图;
图3是本发明实施例二提供的集中器上行传输步骤的实现流程示意图;
图4是本发明实施例二提供的集中器应答物联网平台查询任务执行状况的步骤的实现流程示意图;
图5是本发明实施例提供的物联网平台下行传输步骤的完整实施流程示意图;
图6是本发明实施例二提供的物联网平台获取所述集中器上传的第二上行数据步骤的完整实施流程示意图;
图7是本发明实施例二提供的物联网平台查询任务执行状况的步骤的完整实施流程示意图;
图8是本发明实施例提供的物联网传输系统的示意图;
图9是本发明实施例一提供的物联网传输系统的结构示意图;
图10是本发明实施例二提供的物联网传输系统的结构示意图。
以下描述中,为了说明而不是为了限定,提出了诸如特定系统结构、技术之类的具体细节,以便透彻理解本发明实施例。然而,本领域的技术人员应当清楚,在没有这些具体细节的其它实施例中也可以实现本发明。在其它情况中,省略对众所周知的系统、装置、电路以及方法的详细说明,以免不必要的细节妨碍本发明的描述。基于所描述的本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。若未特别指明,实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
应当理解,当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时,术语“包括”指示 所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在,但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解,在此本申请说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的而并不意在限制本申请。如在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样,除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况,否则单数形式的“一”、“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。
还应当进一步理解,在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合,并且包括这些组合。
如在本说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样,术语“如果”可以依据上下文被解释为“当...时”或“一旦”或“响应于确定”或“响应于检测到”。类似地,短语“如果确定”或“如果检测到[所描述条件或事件]”可以依据上下文被解释为意指“一旦确定”或“响应于确定”或“一旦检测到[所描述条件或事件]”或“响应于检测到[所描述条件或事件]”。
为了说明本发明所述的技术方案,下面通过具体实施例来进行说明。
实施例一:
本实施例提供了一种物联网数据传输系统,如图8所示,包括物联网平台7、M个集中器8以及N种表计9,其中,M、N均为自然数;
参见图9,所述物联网平台7包括第一下行数据生成模块71和第一下行数据下发模块72。其中,所述第一下行数据生成模块71用于根据第一报文格式,对表计任务进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据;所述第一下行数据下发模块72用于下发所述第一下行数据。
所述集中器8包括第一下行数据获取模块81、第一下行数据解析模块82、第二下行数据获取模块83、第二下行数据下发模块84、第一上行数据获取模块85、第二上行数据生成模块86、第二上行数据上报模块87。其中,所述第一下行数据获取模块81用于获取所述物联网平台7下发的所述第一下行数据;所述第一下行数据解析模块82用于解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;所述第二下行数据获取模块83用于获取第二下行数据;所述第二下行数据下发模块84用于根据所述转发优先级发送所述第二下行数据至对应的所述目标表计;所述第一上行数据获取模块85用于获取所述目标表计上传的第一上行数据;所述第二上行数据生成模块86用于生成第二上行数据;所述第二上行数据上报模块87用于上报所述第二上行数据至所述物联网平台7。
本实施例中,所述表计9包括第二下行数据获取模块91与第一上行数据上传模块92。其中,所述第二下行数据获取模块91用于获取所述集中器8下发的所述第二下行数据;所述第一上行数据上传模块92,用于上传所述第一上行数据至所述集中器8。
下面对本实施例中数据传输的方法进行说明:
首先从物联网平台7方面对具体的数据传输执行情况进行说明,即由物联 网平台7来执行的一种物联网数据传输方法,包括下行传输步骤与上行传输步骤,其中所述下行传输步骤参见图5,包括:
步骤S401:获取表计任务;
步骤S402:根据第一报文格式以及目标表计的通信协议,对表计任务进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据,所述第一下行数据包括:由所述第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
步骤S403:下发所述第一下行数据至集中器8,以使所述集中器8解析获取第二下行数据并发送所述第二下行数据至对应的目标表计,其中,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
优选的,本实施例中所述第一报文格式包括:本帧任务数量,每个表计任务的第一数据单元格式,而所述第一数据单元格式则包括:所属任务号,任务标志,转发优先级,上报标志,存储深度,任务起始时间,任务周期属性,任务周期间隔,任务结束时间,通信协议类型,规则选项,任务预计应答长度,任务报文长度,任务报文内容;
本实施例中,所述任务标志表示任务需要执行的情况,优选采用“00H”表示任务不能执行,“55H”表示任务启用,“AAH”表示任务停止,其它数值表示任务无效,任务无效时,任务被删除;
所述转发优先级为本任务在集中器的异步队列中执行的先后顺序,优选“00”表示优先级最低;
所述上报标志表示执行任务后上报的情况,优选设置:“0”-不上报,“1”-任务执行完成后立即上报,“2”-每日上报未上报任务,“3”-每小时上报未上报任务,上报格式为AFN=0D,F306;
所述存储深度优选取值0~255,表示存储最近几次任务的执行结果,取“0”时表示存储最近3天数据;
所述任务起始时间表示该任务需要执行的起始时间,优选设置执行任务时,“99-99-99 99:99”表示以当前时间为基准,否则以指定的时间为基准周期执行,周期执行中存在无效时间点时,此周期内任务不予执行;设置任务起始时间对齐时,如任务起始时间为1点,任务执行周期为每小时一次,则任务执行结果存储时标为“01:00”、“02:00”、“03:00”……以此类推;“00”表示通配,对年、月、日有效,分别表示每年、每月、每日;
所述任务周期属性表示周期任务执行的时间单位,优选包括年、月、日、时、分、秒,如表3所示;
所述人物周期间隔为设置任务周期属性后的具体间隔值,优选设置数值范围0~255,当取“0”时则表示只执行一次;
所述任务结束时间表示任务执行的最后时间,即任务直到所述任务结束时间才会终止执行,优选设置“99-99-99 99:99”表示任务不终止;“00”表示通配,对年、月、日有效,分别表示每年、每月、每日;
所述通信协议类型为目标表计的通信协议,优选设置“00H”为透明协议,“01H”为DL/T 645—1997,“02H”为DL/T 645—2007,“03H”为DL/T698.45, 其它可扩展;
所述规则选项为备用选项说明;
所述任务预计应答长度为物联网平台下发任务后,到最终目标表计接收到任务的应答时间间隔,由物联网平台根据任务需要设置;
所述任务报文长度为任务内容的数据长度;
所述任务报文内容即为所述表计任务。
本实施例中所述第一报文格式的具体格式设置见表1:
表1
| 数据内容 | 数据格式 | 字节数 |
| 本帧任务数量 | BIN | 1 |
| 第1个所属任务号 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务标志 | BIN | 1 |
| 转发优先级 | BIN | 1 |
| 上报标志 | BIN | 1 |
| 存储深度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务起始时间 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 任务周期属性 | 见表3 | 1 |
| 任务周期间隔 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务结束时间 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 通信协议类型 | BIN | 1 |
| 规则选项 | BS16 | 2 |
| 任务预计应答长度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务报文长度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务报文内容 | BIN | L1 |
| …… | …… | …… |
| 第m个所属任务号 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务标志 | BIN | 1 |
| 转发优先级 | BIN | 1 |
| 上报标志 | BIN | 1 |
| 存储深度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务起始时间 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 任务周期属性 | 见表3 | 1 |
| 任务周期间隔 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务结束时间 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 通信协议类型 | BIN | 1 |
| 规则选项 | BS16 | 2 |
| 任务预计应答长度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务报文长度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务报文内容 | BIN | L1 |
其中,BIN表示二进制编码,BS16表示长度为16的独立位组合,L1表示用户数据长度。
表1中所述的表2如下:
表2
表1中所述的表3如下:
表3
| n | 周期标志 |
| 0 | 秒 |
| 1 | 分 |
| 2 | 时 |
| 3 | 日 |
| 4 | 月 |
| 5 | 年 |
| 其它 | 备用 |
本实施例中物联网平台7为被动等待所述集中器8上传数据,则所述上行传输步骤包括:
步骤S500:获取所述集中器8上传的第二上行数据;
所述第二上行数据包括:由所述第一报文格式生成的第一报文、所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果。
接下来从集中器8方面对具体的数据传输执行情况进行说明,即由集中器8来执行的一种物联网数据传输方法,包括下行传输步骤,参见图1,所述下行传输步骤包括:
步骤S101:获取物联网平台7下发的第一下行数据,所述第一下行数据包括:由第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
步骤S102:解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述第一报文中所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;
步骤S103:获取第二下行数据,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
步骤S104:根据所述转发优先级将所述第二下行数据加入异步下发队列;
步骤S105:根据所述异步下发队列,下发所述第二下行数据至目标表计,以使所述目标表计完成所述表计任务。
本实施例仍然采用现有技术中特定报文格式包裹需要目标表计处理的数据的方式,来进行上下层的透明传输,将目标表计需要执行的表计任务以及对应的不同通信协议视为一个数据整体,即包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务的第二下行数据,集中器无需对这个数据整体进行处理,而只对在外 包裹的特定报文,即第一报文,进行解析和转发,核心的任务数据在传输过程中是完整的,且不易受影响,就能大大减少传输时的出错率。但由于现有的同步透明传输对信道要求很高,在任务数据外覆以转发所需的端口、波特率、校验等报文信息,因而,若物联网平台超时、集中器超时任何一个发生问题此次任务即告失败。而对于现场上行常用的GPRS/CDMA和下行的载波信道,就其自身硬件技术而言优势均不在单次通信的实时性上。同时同步模式不利于集中器自主对表计进行周期性采集,每次表计执行任务必须由物联网平台发起,就为周期性的表计任务增加了物联网平台的复杂性。
因此,本实施例在物联网平台设置好表计任务后,下发至集中器,集中器根据不同表计任务的优先级对它们进行排队,进行异步执行,这样可以由集中器对需要重复执行的周期性任务进行自主完成,然后主动上报,无需每次由物联网平台定时发起任务,减少了物联网平台的工作量,也充分利用了集中器的中间器作用,同时也维持了核心任务数据的完整性,不易出错,而信道要求也会因异步执行而降低,本方法尤其适用周期性的表计任务。
此外,作为数据通信的要求,集中器在获取物联网平台下发的第一下行数据时,还需要应答物联网平台,以确认收到或未收到数据,收到时,应答确认报文即可,若未收到,则应答否认报文。该应答步骤为通信协议中标准设定,故在本实施例中无需赘述。
上述表1为本实施例提出的新的通信协议下行数据内容,通过该通信协议可以满足复杂的周期性任务执行情况,使物联网平台只需下发一次任务指令,就能交由集中器来完成定期重复的表计任务,而无需每次都由物联网平台重新下发,且不同表计的协议对集中器影响不大,实现物联网平台、集中器、目标表计三者互通的更兼容的通信方式。
本实施例中,集中器8执行所述下行传输步骤后还包括执行上行传输步骤,所述上行传输步骤如图2所示,包括:
步骤S201:获取所述目标表计上传的第一上行数据,所述第一上行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果;
步骤S202:生成第二上行数据,所述第二上行数据包括所述第一报文以及所述第一上行数据;
步骤S205:将所述第二上行数据主动上报至所述物联网平台7。
同样的,在对表计完成任务的情况上报时,将第一报文中的任务报文内容对应放入表计任务结果,就能生成第二上行数据,然后根据第一报文中的上报设置主动上报至物联网平台。
实施例二:
本实施例提供了一种物联网数据传输系统,同样如图8所示,包括物联网平台7、M个集中器8以及N种表计9,其中,M、N均为自然数。
本实施例的所述物联网平台7参见图10,包括第一下行数据生成模块71、第一下行数据下发模块72、表计任务查询模块73以及任务执行状况查询模块74。其中,所述第一下行数据生成模块71用于根据第一报文格式,对表计任务 进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据;所述第一下行数据下发模块72用于下发所述第一下行数据;所述表计任务查询模块73用于根据第二报文格式生成表计任务查询报文,并下发所述表计任务查询报文至所述集中器;所述任务执行状况查询模块74用于根据第三报文格式生成执行状况查询报文,并下发所述执行状况查询报文至所述集中器;
所述集中器8包括第一下行数据获取模块81、第一下行数据解析模块82、第二下行数据获取模块83、第二下行数据下发模块84、第一上行数据获取模块85、第二上行数据生成模块86、第二上行数据上报模块87、表计任务查询报文解析模块88、执行状况查询报文获取模块89、第三上行数据生成模块810以及第三上行数据上报模块811。其中,所述第一下行数据获取模块81用于获取所述物联网平台7下发的所述第一下行数据;所述第一下行数据解析模块82用于解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;所述第二下行数据获取模块83用于获取第二下行数据;所述第二下行数据下发模块84用于根据所述转发优先级发送所述第二下行数据至对应的所述目标表计;所述第一上行数据获取模块85用于获取所述目标表计上传的第一上行数据;所述第二上行数据生成模块86用于生成第二上行数据;所述第二上行数据上报模块87用于上报所述第二上行数据至所述物联网平台7;所述表计任务查询报文解析模块88用于解析所述表计任务查询报文;所述执行状况查询报文获取模块89用于获取所述物联网平台下发的所述执行状况查询报文;所述第三上行数据生成模块810用于解析所述执行状况查询报文,并根据第四报文格式生成第三上行数据;所述第三上行数据上报模块811用于上报所述第三上行数据至所述物联网平台。
本实施例中,所述表计9包括第二下行数据获取模块91与第一上行数据上传模块92,如图10,其中,所述第二下行数据获取模块91用于获取所述集中器8下发的所述第二下行数据;所述第一上行数据上传模块92,用于上传所述第一上行数据至所述集中器8。
下面对本实施例中数据传输的方法进行说明:
首先从物联网平台7方面对具体的数据传输执行情况进行说明,即由物联网平台7来执行的一种物联网数据传输方法,包括下行传输步骤与上行传输步骤,其中所述下行传输步骤参见图5,包括:
步骤S401:获取表计任务;
步骤S402:根据第一报文格式以及目标表计的通信协议,对表计任务进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据;
步骤S403:下发所述第一下行数据至集中器8,以使所述集中器8解析获取第二下行数据并发送所述第二下行数据至对应的目标表计;
同样的,本实施例中所述第一报文格式优选包括:本帧任务数量,每个表计任务的第一数据单元格式,而所述第一数据单元格式则包括:所属任务号,任务标志,转发优先级,上报标志,存储深度,任务起始时间,任务周期属性,任务周期间隔,任务结束时间,通信协议类型,规则选项,任务预计应答长度, 任务报文长度,任务报文内容。
本实施例中所述第一报文格式的具体格式设置也参见表1、表2、表3:
区别于实施例一,本实施例中物联网平台7为主动采集第二上行数据,具体参见图6,包括:
步骤S501:根据第二报文格式生成表计任务查询报文;
步骤S502:下发所述表计任务查询报文至所述集中器8;
步骤S503:获取所述集中器8上报的所述第二上行数据。
其中,所述第二报文格式包括:查询任务数量,每个待查询的任务号,参见下表4:
表4
| 数据内容 | 数据格式 | 字节数 |
| 查询任务数量 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务号1 | BIN | 1 |
| …… | …… | …… |
| 任务号p | BIN | 1 |
可见,物联网平台主动采集时,可单次查询多个数据。还可优选设置查询任务数量为“0”时表示查询测量点所有任务,而不需指定任务号,若查询指定任务,则需要填写查询任务号。
同样区别于实施例一的是,本实施例还包括查询任务执行状况的步骤,参见图7,所述查询任务执行状况的步骤包括:
步骤S601:根据第三报文格式生成执行状况查询报文;
步骤S602:下发所述执行状况查询报文至所述集中器8;
步骤S603:获取所述集中器8上报的第三上行数据,所述第三上行数据由集中器8根据第四报文格式生成。
作为优选,本实施例中所述第三报文格式包括:任务号,查询起始时间,查询结束时间,参见下表5:
表5
| 数据内容 | 数据格式 | 字节数 |
| 任务号 | BIN | 1 |
| 查询起始时间T1 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 查询结束时间T2 | 见表2 | 5 |
即查询时间T1至T2期间的任务执行情况。
本实施例中所述第四报文格式包括:任务号,本帧点数,每个任务完成的第二数据单元格式。其中,所述第二数据单元格式包括:任务时间点,任务响应报文长度,任务完成时刻,任务响应帧。参见下表6:
表6
| 数据内容 | 数据格式 | 字节数 |
| 任务号 | BIN | 1 |
| 本帧点数 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务时间点1 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 任务响应报文长度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务完成时刻 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 任务响应帧 | BIN | L1-5 |
| …… | …… | …… |
| 任务时间点q | 见表2 | 5 |
| 任务响应报文长度 | BIN | 1 |
| 任务完成时刻 | 见表2 | 5 |
| 任务响应帧 | BIN | Lq-5 |
其中,任务响应帧表示任务在执行时的响应数据,其字节数为任务报文q完成时刻的长度与任务报文q响应帧的长度之和,本实施例优选设置当查询任务未执行时,统一回复“00”。
接下来从集中器8方面对具体的数据传输执行情况进行说明,即由集中器8来执行的一种物联网数据传输方法,包括下行传输步骤,参见图1,所述下行传输步骤包括:
步骤S101:获取物联网平台7下发的第一下行数据,所述第一下行数据包括:由第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
步骤S102:解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述第一报文中所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;
步骤S103:获取第二下行数据,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;
步骤S104:根据所述转发优先级将所述第二下行数据加入异步下发队列;
步骤S105:根据所述异步下发队列,下发所述第二下行数据至目标表计,以使所述目标表计完成所述表计任务。
区别于实施例一的,本实施例中,集中器8执行所述下行传输步骤后,执行上行传输步骤时为被动等待物联网平台7采集所述第二上行数据,参见图3,包括:
步骤S201:获取所述目标表计上传的第一上行数据,所述第一上行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果;
步骤S202:生成第二上行数据,所述第二上行数据包括所述第一报文以及所述第一上行数据;
步骤S203:获取所述物联网平台7下发的表计任务查询报文,所述表计任务查询报文由所述物联网平台7根据第二报文格式生成;
步骤S204:解析所述表计任务查询报文,并上报对应的所述第二上行数据至所述物联网平台7;
步骤S205:将所述第二上行数据上报至所述物联网平台7。
参考本实施例中上述物联网平台7查询任务执行状况的步骤,集中器8在执行所述下行传输步骤后还包括应答物联网平台7查询任务执行状况的步骤,参见图4,所述应答物联网平台7查询任务执行状况的步骤包括:
步骤S301:获取所述物联网平台7下发的执行状况查询报文,所述执行状况查询报文由所述物联网平台7根据第三报文格式生成;
步骤S302:解析所述执行状况查询报文,生成对应的第三上行数据,所述第三上行数据由集中器8根据第四报文格式生成;
步骤S303:上报所述第三上行数据至所述物联网平台7。
本实施例完整地提出了一种通信协议,尤其适用于周期性执行的表计任务,只需通过三条指令:表计任务设置(增加第一报文)、查询表计任务、查询任务执行状况,可兼容所有种类协议的表计数据采集,减少对中间层数据集中器的软件依赖,将复杂性留在远程运维、修改扩展便利的物联网平台去处理。降低底层现场的技术难度和复杂性,避免底层的不稳定对数据采集成功率和数据质量的影响。将精力放在扩展集中器硬件接口和物联网平台协议兼容性,协议实现完备性方面。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为了描述的方便和简洁,仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明,实际应用中,可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成,即将所述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块,以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。当然,上述各单元、模块也可以用包含有计算机程序的处理器来替代,以纯软件的形式完成各部分的工作。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中,也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中,上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外,各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分,并不用于限制本申请的保护范围。上述系统中单元、模块的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。在上述实施例中,对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重,某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分,可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本发明的范围。
在本发明所提供的实施例中,应该理解到,所揭露的装置/终端设备和方法,可以通过其它的方式实现。例如,以上所描述的装置/终端设备实施例仅仅是示意性的,例如,所述模块或单元的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。另一点,所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通讯连接可以是通过一些接口,装置或单元的间接耦合或通讯连接,可以是电性,机械或其它的形式。所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外,在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中, 也可以是各个单元单独物理存在,也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。所述集成的模块/单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中,该计算机程序在被处理器执行时,可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中,所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码,所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质可以包括:能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是,所述计算机可读介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减,例如在某些司法管辖区,根据立法和专利实践,计算机可读介质不包括电载波信号和电信信号。
以上所述实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (15)
- 一种物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,包括下行传输步骤,所述下行传输步骤包括:获取物联网平台下发的第一下行数据,所述第一下行数据包括:由第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述第一报文中所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;获取第二下行数据,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;根据所述转发优先级将所述第二下行数据加入异步下发队列;根据所述异步下发队列,下发所述第二下行数据至目标表计,以使所述目标表计完成所述表计任务。
- 如权利要求1所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述第一报文格式包括:本帧任务数量,每个表计任务的第一数据单元格式。
- 如权利要求2所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述第一数据单元格式至少包括以下一种:所属任务号,任务标志,转发优先级,上报标志,存储深度,任务起始时间,任务周期属性,任务周期间隔,任务结束时间,通信协议类型,规则选项,任务预计应答长度,任务报文长度,任务报文内容;且所述第一数据单元格式至少包括有所述转发优先级。
- 如权利要求1所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述下行传输步骤后还包括上行传输步骤,所述上行传输步骤包括:获取所述目标表计上传的第一上行数据,所述第一上行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果;生成第二上行数据,所述第二上行数据包括所述第一报文以及所述第一上行数据;将所述第二上行数据上报至所述物联网平台。
- 如权利要求4所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述将所述第二上行数据上报至所述物联网平台,包括:获取所述物联网平台下发的表计任务查询报文,所述表计任务查询报文由所述物联网平台根据第二报文格式生成;解析所述表计任务查询报文,并上报对应的所述第二上行数据至所述物联网平台。
- 如权利要求1所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述下行传输步骤后还包括应答物联网平台查询任务执行状况的步骤,所述应答物联网平台查询任务执行状况的步骤包括:获取所述物联网平台下发的执行状况查询报文,所述执行状况查询报文由所述物联网平台根据第三报文格式生成;解析所述执行状况查询报文,生成对应的第三上行数据,所述第三上行数据由集中器根据第四报文格式生成;上报所述第三上行数据至所述物联网平台。
- 如权利要求6所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述第三报文格式包括:任务号,查询起始时间,查询结束时间;所述第四报文格式包括:任务号,本帧点数,每个任务完成的第二数据单元格式。
- 如权利要求7所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述第二数据单元格式包括:任务时间点,任务响应报文长度,任务完成时刻,任务响应帧。
- 一种物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,包括下行传输步骤与上行传输步骤,其中所述下行传输步骤包括:获取表计任务;根据第一报文格式以及目标表计的通信协议,对表计任务进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据,所述第一下行数据包括:由所述第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;下发所述第一下行数据至集中器,以使所述集中器解析获取第二下行数据并发送所述第二下行数据至对应的目标表计,其中,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;所述上行传输步骤包括:获取所述集中器上传的第二上行数据;所述第二上行数据包括:由所述第一报文格式生成的第一报文、所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果。
- 如权利要求9所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述第一报文格式包括:本帧任务数量,每个表计任务的第一数据单元格式。
- 如权利要求10所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述第一数据单元格式至少包括以下一种:所属任务号,任务标志,转发优先级,上报标志,存储深度,任务起始时间,任务周期属性,任务周期间隔,任务结束时间,通信协议类型,规则选项,任务预计应答长度,任务报文长度,任务报文内容;且所述第一数据单元格式至少包括有所述转发优先级。
- 如权利要求9所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述获取所述集中器上传的第二上行数据步骤包括:根据第二报文格式生成表计任务查询报文;下发所述表计任务查询报文至所述集中器;获取所述集中器上报的所述第二上行数据。
- 如权利要求9所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述物联网数据传输方法还包括查询任务执行状况的步骤,所述查询任务执行状况的步骤包括:根据第三报文格式生成执行状况查询报文;下发所述执行状况查询报文至所述集中器;获取所述集中器上报的第三上行数据,所述第三上行数据由集中器根据第四报文格式生成。
- 如权利要求13所述的物联网数据传输方法,其特征在于,所述第三报文格式包括:任务号,查询起始时间,查询结束时间;所述第四报文格式包括:任务号,本帧点数,每个任务完成的第二数据单元格式。
- 一种物联网数据传输系统,其特征在于,包括物联网平台、M个集中器以及N种表计,其中,M、N均为自然数,所述物联网平台包括:第一下行数据生成模块,用于根据第一报文格式,对表计任务进行报文格式处理,生成第一下行数据;所述第一下行数据包括:由第一报文格式生成的第一报文、目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;第一下行数据下发模块,用于下发所述第一下行数据;所述集中器包括:第一下行数据获取模块,用于获取所述物联网平台下发的所述第一下行数据;第一下行数据解析模块,用于解析所述第一下行数据,获取所述表计任务的目标表计以及转发优先级;第二下行数据获取模块,用于获取第二下行数据,所述第二下行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务;第二下行数据下发模块,用于根据所述转发优先级发送所述第二下行数据至对应的所述目标表计;第一上行数据获取模块,用于获取所述目标表计上传的第一上行数据,所述第一上行数据包括所述目标表计的通信协议报文以及表计任务结果;第二上行数据生成模块,用于生成第二上行数据,所述第二上行数据包括所述第一报文以及所述第一上行数据;第二上行数据上报模块,用于上报所述第二上行数据至所述物联网平台。
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