WO2021121405A1 - 太赫兹感知系统和太赫兹感知阵列 - Google Patents

太赫兹感知系统和太赫兹感知阵列 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021121405A1
WO2021121405A1 PCT/CN2020/137734 CN2020137734W WO2021121405A1 WO 2021121405 A1 WO2021121405 A1 WO 2021121405A1 CN 2020137734 W CN2020137734 W CN 2020137734W WO 2021121405 A1 WO2021121405 A1 WO 2021121405A1
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Prior art keywords
terahertz
sensing
reconfigurable
sensing unit
physical characteristic
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李欧鹏
杜颖钢
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to EP20902300.1A priority Critical patent/EP4067883A4/en
Publication of WO2021121405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021121405A1/zh
Priority to US17/843,572 priority patent/US12140537B2/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N22/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of microwaves or radio waves, i.e. electromagnetic waves with a wavelength of one millimetre or more
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
    • G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
    • G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/42—Absorption spectrometry; Double beam spectrometry; Flicker spectrometry; Reflection spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/0237—Adjustable, e.g. focussing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V8/00—Prospecting or detecting by optical means
    • G01V8/005—Prospecting or detecting by optical means operating with millimetre waves, e.g. measuring the black losey radiation

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of image detection and processing, and in particular to some related products such as terahertz sensing systems and terahertz sensing arrays.
  • the frequency range of electromagnetic waves is very wide, and the industry usually classifies electromagnetic waves based on the frequency range.
  • the generalized terahertz wave (THz) electromagnetic wave (abbreviated as terahertz wave) refers to electromagnetic waves with a frequency between 100GHz and 10THz. Terahertz waves have unique radiation characteristics.
  • Terahertz waves can pass through different media with different attenuation rates.
  • the atmosphere has a complicated absorption effect on terahertz waves.
  • High resolution The imaging resolution increases as the wavelength of electromagnetic waves decreases.
  • the resolution of using terahertz waves for imaging is better than that of microwaves.
  • Spectroscopy Different solid and gas materials have different spectral characteristics for 0.5-3 THz terahertz waves. For example, many biological proteins, organic macromolecules, semiconductors, and electronic and nanostructure resonance frequencies fall in the terahertz frequency band, so terahertz waves can Used for material testing.
  • Non-ionizing Because the photon energy of the terahertz wave is low, it will not stimulate the ionization effect of the object, making the application of the terahertz wave safe.
  • This application provides related products such as terahertz sensing systems and terahertz sensing arrays.
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a terahertz sensing array.
  • the terahertz sensing array includes: N sensing unit groups arranged in an array; each sensing unit group of the N sensing unit groups includes M Reconfigurable sensing units (M reconfigurable sensing units may be part or all of the sensing units included in the sensing unit group); wherein, each of the M reconfigurable sensing units is used for Detect a physical characteristic parameter of terahertz wave.
  • the types of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit can be changed based on the change of the detection configuration.
  • the N and the M are positive integers greater than 1.
  • the reconfigurable sensing unit indicates that the type of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that can be detected by this sensing unit can be changed based on the change of the detection configuration, that is, the reconfigurable sensing unit indicates that the detection configuration is variable (reconfigurable), Therefore, the types of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that can be detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit can be configured according to needs.
  • one reconfigurable sensing unit in each sensing unit group can be configured to detect only one kind of physical characteristic parameters of terahertz waves, and M reconfigurable sensing units in a sensing unit group can detect a total of K different types
  • the physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave, the K is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than M.
  • K different physical characteristic parameters of terahertz waves include K different frequency bands of terahertz radiation waves.
  • K kinds of terahertz physical characteristic parameters include K different polarizations of the terahertz radiation wave.
  • the M reconfigurable sensing units in a sensing unit group are used to detect different types of terahertz wave physical characteristic parameters, and the other part can be reconfigurable.
  • Unit used to detect different types of physical feature parameters of terahertz waves among the four physical feature parameters of terahertz waves, and the remaining 1 reconfigurable sensing unit is also used to detect these four physical feature parameters of terahertz waves One of the physical characteristic parameters of terahertz waves in, and so on. That is to say, when M is greater than K, at least two of the M reconfigurable sensing units are used to detect the same type of terahertz wave physical characteristic parameters.
  • the above-mentioned terahertz sensing array includes N sensing unit groups arranged in an array; each sensing unit group in the N sensing unit groups includes M reconfigurable sensing units;
  • the types of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave can be changed based on the change of the detection configuration, and the detection capability of the sensing unit can be reconstructed.
  • the reconfigurable perception can be adjusted flexibly and adaptively according to the characteristics of the object to be measured.
  • the detection capability of the unit improves the perception flexibility of the terahertz sensing array, and enhances the applicable scenarios of the terahertz sensing array, especially suitable for terahertz mass spectroscopy/imaging scenarios.
  • the reconfigurable sensing unit dij in the N sensing unit groups includes a receiving unit, a detection unit, and an analog-to-digital conversion unit, and the reconfigurable sensing unit dij belongs to one of the N sensing unit groups ( For example, any one) sensing unit group.
  • the input end of the detection unit is connected with the output end of the receiving unit, and the input end of the analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected with the output end of the detection unit.
  • the receiving unit is used for receiving and transforming a terahertz radiation wave with a physical characteristic parameter into a terahertz guided wave.
  • the detection unit is configured to transform the terahertz guided wave obtained by the transformation by the receiving unit into a low-frequency signal response or a direct current signal response.
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to collect the low-frequency signal response or the DC signal response converted by the detection unit to obtain a digital signal response.
  • the second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a terahertz sensing system, which may include: a back-end processing system and a terahertz sensing array.
  • the terahertz sensing array may be any one of the terahertz sensing arrays provided in the first aspect.
  • the back-end processing system is configured to receive the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the detected type of terahertz wave output by the reconfigurable sensing unit in the terahertz sensing array, and based on the received reconfigurable Construct the digital signal response output by the sensing unit to interpolate to obtain the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that the reconfigurable sensing unit does not detect.
  • each reconfigurable sensing unit is configured to detect only one kind of terahertz physical characteristic parameter.
  • the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave of the undetected type of a reconfigurable sensing unit is obtained by interpolation based on the digital signal response output by the surrounding reconfigurable sensing unit.
  • the back-end processing system is configured to receive the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the detected type of terahertz wave output by the reconfigurable sensing unit dij in the terahertz sensing array, and can be based on the received
  • the digital signal response output by the reconfigurable sensing unit around the reconfigurable sensing unit dij is interpolated to obtain the digital signal response corresponding to the terahertz wave physical characteristic parameter of the type not detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit dij.
  • the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameter of the x-th terahertz wave that is not detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit dij may be used to detect the x-th terahertz wave around the reconfigurable sensing unit dij.
  • the physical characteristic parameters are obtained by interpolating the digital signal responses output by the at least two reconfigurable sensing units, and the x-th physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave are K-1 types that are not detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit dij
  • the above-mentioned terahertz sensing system includes a back-end processing system and a terahertz sensing array, and the terahertz sensing array includes N sensing unit groups arranged in an array; each sensing unit group of the N sensing unit groups includes M reconfigurable sensing units; the types of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit can be changed based on changes in the detection configuration, and the detection capability of the reconfigurable sensing unit can be reconstructed, so that it can be reconfigured according to
  • the characteristics of the object to be tested can adapt and flexibly adjust the detection capabilities of the reconfigurable sensing unit (such as detection frequency band distribution or polarization characteristics), improve the sensing flexibility of the terahertz sensing array, and enhance the applicable scenarios of the terahertz sensing array , Especially suitable for terahertz mass spectroscopy/imaging scenes.
  • the back-end processing system can interpolate to obtain the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that the reconfigurable sensing unit does not detect based on the received digital signal response output by the reconfigurable sensing unit, which is beneficial to Through one imaging/spectrum formation, a variety of physical characteristic parameters of terahertz waves are obtained, which effectively reduces the complexity of imaging/spectrum formation, thereby helping to improve detection efficiency.
  • the back-end processing system can also be used to assign a color mark to the digital signal response corresponding to each terahertz wave physical characteristic parameter of each reconfigurable sensing unit;
  • the unit’s digital signal responses assigned the same color are combined to form K monochrome images, and the K monochrome images are combined into a pseudo-color image (pseudo-color images with multiple colors can be used to identify the distribution of substances, etc. ), the K monochromatic images have a one-to-one correspondence with the K physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides a back-end processing system, which is coupled with a terahertz sensing array.
  • the terahertz sensing array is any one of the terahertz sensing arrays provided in the first aspect.
  • the back-end processing system is configured to receive the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the detected type of terahertz wave output by the reconfigurable sensing unit in the terahertz sensing array, and based on the received reconfigurable Construct the digital signal response output by the sensing unit to interpolate to obtain the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that the reconfigurable sensing unit does not detect.
  • a fourth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the second aspect or the third aspect can be implemented. Part or all of the functions of the end processing system.
  • a fifth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a back-end processing system, wherein the back-end processing system includes a coupled processor and a memory; wherein the processor is used to call a program stored in the memory to complete the second aspect or Part or all of the functions of the back-end processing system in the third aspect.
  • the sixth aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides a computer program product, wherein when the computer program product runs on a computer device, the computer device is caused to execute part or part of the back-end processing system in the second aspect or the third aspect. All functions.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a terahertz sensing system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a terahertz sensing array provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3-A is a schematic structural diagram of a sensing unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3-B to FIG. 3-D are schematic structural diagrams of several receiving units provided by embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 3-E is a schematic structural diagram of a detection unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a component analysis result of the terahertz sensing system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5-A is a schematic diagram of a transmission mode of the terahertz sensing system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5-B is a schematic diagram of a reflective mode of the terahertz sensing system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 6-A to 6-D are schematic diagrams of several terahertz sensing arrays provided by examples of the present application.
  • FIG. 6-E is a schematic diagram of another terahertz sensing array provided by an example of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another terahertz sensing system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8-A is a schematic diagram of another terahertz sensing array provided by an example of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8-B is a schematic diagram of detecting a part of an array of a terahertz sensing array provided by an example of the present application.
  • FIG. 8-C is a schematic diagram of an array part of a terahertz sensing array provided by an example of an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 8-D to Fig. 8-F are schematic diagrams of several transmission spectra provided by examples of the embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 9-A is a schematic diagram of another terahertz sensing array provided by an example of this application.
  • FIG. 9-B is a schematic diagram of detecting a part of another terahertz sensing array provided by an example of the present application.
  • FIG. 9-C is a schematic diagram of an array part of another terahertz sensing array provided by an example of the present application.
  • FIG. 9-D is a schematic diagram of vegetation detection of polarized waves provided by an example of the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a terahertz sensing system exemplified in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terahertz sensing system 100 uses a terahertz light source to illuminate the object under test 101 (Objects), and the terahertz wave reflected by the object under test 101 passes through the transmission path 102 and is focused by the focusing system 103 (such as a lens group) to the focal plane.
  • the terahertz wave can be converted into a corresponding digital signal by the terahertz sensing array 104, and the back-end processing system 105 can image or spectrum the object 101 based on the corresponding digital signal.
  • terahertz waves are short for terahertz electromagnetic waves or terahertz radiation waves.
  • terahertz waves, terahertz electromagnetic waves, and terahertz radiation waves can be mixed.
  • the terahertz sensing array located in the focal plane is an important part of the terahertz sensing system.
  • a possible terahertz sensing array may be shown as an example in FIG. 2.
  • the surface of the terahertz sensing array may include a plurality of sensing units working in the THz frequency band (wherein, the sensing units may also be called "pixels", so the embodiment of the present application) In the description, the sensing unit and pixels can be mixed).
  • the sensing unit is, for example, a reconfigurable sensing unit or an unreconfigurable sensing unit.
  • the reconfigurable sensing unit indicates that the type of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that can be detected by this sensing unit can be changed based on the change of the detection configuration, that is, the detection configuration of the reconfigurable sensing unit is variable (resettable).
  • the detection capability is variable (reconfigurable), so the types of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that can be detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit can be configured according to needs.
  • the non-reconfigurable sensing unit indicates that the type of physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave that this sensing unit can detect cannot be changed based on the change of the detection configuration, that is, the detection configuration of the non-reconfigurable sensing unit is immutable (unreconfigurable), Its detection capability is unchanged (irreconfigurable).
  • the sensing unit 300 includes a receiving unit 301, a detecting unit 302, and an analog-to-digital conversion unit 303.
  • the sensing unit 300 can detect a physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave.
  • the receiving unit 301 may include, for example, an antenna, a filter, and the like.
  • the detection unit 302 can be a superheterodyne receiver, a square rate detector, a triode detector, a thermal radiometer, or a photoelectric converter according to different processes.
  • FIGS. 3-B to 3-D illustrate several possible structures of the receiving unit 301 as examples.
  • the receiving unit 301 may include an antenna and a filter, or the receiving unit 301 may include a horizontal polarization and a filter, or the receiving unit 301 may include a vertical polarization and a filter.
  • FIG. 3-E illustrates a possible structure of the detection unit 302 by way of example.
  • the detection unit 302 may include a detector and an amplifier.
  • the receiving unit 301 may be used to receive and transform a terahertz radiation wave with a certain physical characteristic parameter into a terahertz guided wave.
  • the detection unit 302 can be used to transform the terahertz guided wave obtained by the transformation of the receiving unit 301 into a low-frequency signal response or a direct current signal response.
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit 303 may be used to perform digital signal collection on the low-frequency signal response or the DC signal response converted by the detection unit 302 to obtain a digital signal response.
  • the sensing process uses the spectral properties of THz waves. For example, when a terahertz light source is used to illuminate the object under test, if the object under test contains certain specific components, these specific components will resonate with the terahertz wave of a specific frequency band and be absorbed by a large amount, and the reflected terahertz wave will be in this frequency band. There is a minimum point, which can be clearly distinguished from the frequency spectrum. This phenomenon is called the terahertz fingerprint of the substance.
  • the terahertz fingerprint spectrum effect can be detected by a time domain terahertz spectrometer or a frequency domain terahertz spectrometer.
  • the terahertz sensing system is used for fingerprint identification, which can visually present the distribution of the absorption area on the material structure, which is more convenient than the traditional time domain spectroscopy (TDS, Time Domain Spectroscopy).
  • TDS Time Domain Spectroscopy
  • some terahertz sensing systems mostly use intermediate frequency schemes.
  • the receiving unit in each sensing unit is broadband and can cover all the required frequency bands. After receiving, it is divided into three channels, and filtering is adopted.
  • the amplifier selects 3 signals in the required frequency bands and amplifies them. Then the local oscillator signals of three different frequencies are mixed with the received signal, and the corresponding low-frequency signal is obtained for processing.
  • This solution integrates three detection units in one sensing unit.
  • the receiving unit needs to have ultra-wideband receiving capability to cover the required frequency band. After receiving the signal, perform centimeter and filtering operations. These operations will further attenuate the already weak received signal, and the overall system signal noise will be greatly affected. influences. Furthermore, in the THz frequency band, the size of each pixel, that is, the antenna spacing, will decrease sharply with wavelength. For example, in the 300GHz frequency band, assuming that the pixel spacing is 1/2 wavelength, the distance is 0.5mm, and there are 3 ultra-external locations within the range of 0.5mm. Poor reception is extremely challenging even for chip-level circuits. If you increase 3000GHz, the layout is almost impossible. If the area of each pixel is increased for layout, the spatial resolution of the imaging array is reduced.
  • this multiple local oscillator solution also increases the complexity of the system. For a large array (above a hundred pixels), the entire local oscillator distribution link will be extremely large, and the loss will be high, and it may even cause the power to be too low after the distribution to drive the relevant mixer.
  • terahertz sensing systems narrow-band THz waves of different frequencies are used to irradiate the object under test multiple times, and the same broadband terahertz sensing array is used each time to sense and image. Each frequency is defined as a certain color in post-processing.
  • multiple single-color images are combined into multi-chromatographic images, which are pseudo-color images. Through the distribution of various color components and the distribution of combined color components in the pseudo-color map, the types and distributions of various substances can be identified.
  • a terahertz sensing system images four drugs at 0.76THz, 1.84THz, 2.52THz, 3.1THz, and 4.25THz, respectively.
  • the four drugs are 10% tartaric acid (TA).
  • Terahertz sensing modes can be divided into two types: transmission type and reflection type.
  • transmission type the object to be measured is placed between the light source and the terahertz sensing array. After the terahertz wave passes through the object, the degree of absorption in different positions of the object to be measured is inconsistent, and the details will be Presented on the terahertz perceptual array.
  • Figure 5-B In the reflective mode, the light source and the terahertz sensing array are placed on the same side. Different positions of the object under test have different reflectivity of THz waves, and the details will be displayed on the terahertz sensing array.
  • both transmission and reflection sensing modes include the interaction process of matter and terahertz waves.
  • the size of the molecule or lattice just resonates in a certain frequency band, so that it has a strong absorption effect on the terahertz wave in this frequency band.
  • Different materials have different absorption and attenuation curves for the terahertz wave spectrum, or have different reflectivity to different polarized terahertz waves. This phenomenon is called the terahertz fingerprint spectrum of the material. By capturing the spectrum information or polarization information of the substance in the reflected wave/transmitted wave, the substance can be identified accordingly.
  • FIGS. 6-A to 6-D are schematic diagrams of several terahertz sensing arrays provided by examples of the present application.
  • the terahertz sensing array 600 may include: N sensing unit groups arranged in an array (the N sensing unit groups may be part or all of the sensing unit groups included in the terahertz sensing array 600); Each sensing unit group includes M reconfigurable sensing units. Wherein, each of the M reconfigurable sensing units is used to detect a physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave.
  • the N and the M are positive integers greater than 1.
  • M is equal to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15, 16, 19, 20, 32, 64 or other values.
  • N is equal to 2, 3, 5, 10, 100, 10000, 50000, 10000000, 100000000 or other values.
  • FIG. 6-A illustrates that M reconfigurable sensing units in any sensing unit group are all sensing unit groups included in this sensing unit group.
  • FIG. 6-B exemplifies that the M reconfigurable sensing units in any sensing unit group may be part of the sensing unit group included in the sensing unit group.
  • Fig. 6-C illustrates that the M reconfigurable sensing units in some sensing unit groups are all the sensing unit groups included in this sensing unit group.
  • the M reconfigurable sensing units in other sensing unit groups are part of the sensing unit groups included in this sensing unit group.
  • Fig. 6-D illustrates that the M reconfigurable sensing units in some sensing unit groups are all the sensing unit groups included in this sensing unit group.
  • the M reconfigurable sensing units in other sensing unit groups are part of the sensing unit groups included in this sensing unit group. And some sensing unit groups do not include reconfigurable sensing units.
  • the reconfigurable sensing unit dij in the N sensing unit groups includes a receiving unit, a detection unit, and an analog-to-digital conversion unit.
  • the detection unit is connected to the receiving unit
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit is connected to the detection unit.
  • the reconfigurable sensing unit dij belongs to one of the N sensing unit groups. For example, i in dij represents the row number of the reconfigurable sensing unit in the terahertz sensing array, and j represents the column number of the reconfigurable sensing unit in the terahertz sensing array.
  • the arrangement of the terahertz sensing array is not limited to those shown in Fig. 6-A to Fig. 6-D, and other arrangements can be designed based on requirements.
  • each sensing unit (reconfigurable sensing unit and/or non-reconfigurable sensing unit) can be coupled to, for example, a row and column address bus and a bias loading bus.
  • the receiving unit is used for receiving and transforming a terahertz radiation wave with a certain physical characteristic parameter into a terahertz guided wave.
  • the detection unit is configured to transform the terahertz guided wave obtained by the transformation by the receiving unit into a low-frequency signal response or a direct current signal response.
  • the analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to collect the low-frequency signal response or the DC signal response converted by the detection unit to obtain a digital signal response.
  • the bit width of the analog-to-digital conversion unit can be 14 bits or 16 bits.
  • the bit width of the analog-to-digital conversion unit can also be other bits that meet the needs.
  • one reconfigurable sensing unit in each sensing unit group can be configured to detect only one physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave.
  • a total of M reconfigurable sensing units in a sensing unit group can detect K different physical characteristic parameters of terahertz waves, where K is a positive integer greater than 1 and less than M.
  • the K different physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave include K different frequency bands of the terahertz radiation wave, and for example, the K physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave include K different polarizations of the terahertz radiation wave.
  • a reconfigurable sensing unit can be configured based on needs to detect only the physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave as the 1.2 THz frequency band. Or, based on needs, a reconfigurable sensing unit can be configured to only detect the physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave in the 1.5THz, 2THz or 2.7THz frequency band. Or, based on needs, a reconfigurable sensing unit can be configured to only detect the physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave as vertical polarization or horizontal polarization.
  • the receiving unit in the reconfigurable sensing unit is, for example, a reconfigurable receiving unit.
  • phase change materials, MEMS, transistors, etc. can be used to realize the reconfigurable receiving unit's frequency band, polarization, or mode The receiving ability of the physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave can be reconstructed.
  • a terahertz sensing system includes: a back-end processing system 710 and a terahertz sensing array 600.
  • the back-end processing system 710 is configured to receive the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the detected type of terahertz wave output by the reconfigurable sensing unit in the terahertz sensing array, and based on the received data The digital signal response output by the reconfigurable sensing unit is reconstructed to interpolate to obtain the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave of the type not detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit.
  • each reconfigurable sensing unit is configured to detect only one kind of terahertz physical characteristic parameter.
  • the digital signal response corresponding to the physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave that a certain reconfigurable sensing unit does not detect is obtained by interpolation based on the digital signal response output by the surrounding reconfigurable sensing unit.
  • the digital signal response corresponding to the x-th terahertz wave physical characteristic parameter not detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit dij is based on the detection of the x-th terahertz wave physical characteristic around the reconfigurable sensing unit dij
  • the parameters are obtained by interpolating the digital signal responses output by the at least two reconfigurable sensing units, and the x-th physical characteristic parameter of the terahertz wave is K-1 terahertz not detected by the reconfigurable sensing unit dij
  • the back-end processing system 710 can also be used to assign a color mark to the digital signal response corresponding to each terahertz wave physical characteristic parameter of each reconfigurable sensing unit;
  • the digital signal responses of the color identifications are respectively combined to form K monochrome images, and the K monochrome images are combined into a pseudo-color image.
  • the K monochrome images and K physical characteristic parameters of terahertz waves are one by one. correspond.
  • the following is an example of scenarios where the physical characteristic parameters of the terahertz wave include different frequency bands and different polarizations of the terahertz radiation wave.
  • a sensing unit group in the terahertz sensing array can jointly detect different frequency bands of terahertz radiation waves.
  • the receiving unit in the sensing unit includes a reconfigurable filter and a broadband antenna capable of receiving THz waves of the full spectrum.
  • the reconfigurable filter is, for example, a band-pass filter, and the pass-band range of the band-pass filter can be adjusted by electronic control, thereby realizing the configuration of receiving capabilities for different frequency bands.
  • the receiving frequency band is configured to 4 frequencies: 1.2THz, 1.5THz, 2THz and 2.7THz.
  • the detection unit may be composed of, for example, a triode detector and an intermediate frequency amplifier.
  • Each sensing unit is coupled to the row and column addressing bus and the bias loading bus.
  • four pixels of different frequencies form a 2*2 square array, that is, a sensing unit group.
  • a lens group is used to convert the spherical light emitted by the terahertz light source into a uniform plane light, which is irradiated on the substance, and the imaging lens group is placed in the direction of penetration.
  • the terahertz sensing array is located on the focal plane of the imaging lens group.
  • the THz wave passes through the test object, and according to the molecular size and molecular distribution of the test object, it has different penetration rates for THz waves of different frequency bands.
  • Each pixel in a sensing unit group will receive the transmitted wave intensity of the relevant frequency.
  • a 4*4 array in the terahertz sensing array is taken as part of the description below, and i and j are used to distinguish pixels at different positions.
  • the information component is missing, and the missing information component can be interpolated and complemented by the response of the digital signal output by the surrounding pixels.
  • the 1.2THz information component on the d22 pixel can be obtained by interpolation of the nearest type a pixel information:
  • the 1.5THz information component on the d22 pixel can be obtained by interpolation of the nearest type b pixel information:
  • the 2THz information component on the d22 pixel can be obtained by interpolation of the nearest type c pixel information:
  • missing information components on aij corresponding to frequency bands such as b, c, d
  • missing information components on bij corresponding to frequency bands such as a, c, d
  • missing information components on cij corresponding to frequency bands such as a, b, d, etc.
  • each pixel When synthesizing an image, each pixel already has four intensity information, a, b, c, and d.
  • A is assigned to red R, the intensity of a is the red intensity of the pixel; b is assigned green G, and the intensity of b is the green intensity of the pixel; and c is assigned blue B, and the intensity of c is the pixel’s blue Intensity; d is given to cyan C, and the intensity of d is the cyan intensity of the pixel.
  • a pseudo-color map can be synthesized.
  • cyan C G+B. The higher the terahertz frequency band, the weaker the power and penetration. The introduction of cyan is beneficial to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the G and B components defined at high frequencies.
  • Figure 8-D is a schematic diagram of the transmission spectrum corresponding to glucose
  • Figure 8-E is a schematic diagram of the transmission spectrum corresponding to sorbose
  • Figure 8-F is a schematic diagram of the transmission spectrum corresponding to salicylic acid.
  • the terahertz sensing array shown in Figure 8-A for example integrates sensing units of four frequency bands in a sensing unit group, specifically: 1.2THz, 1.5THz, 2THz, 2.7THz in groups of four Arrangement.
  • the signal strength of the corresponding frequency band received by each sensing unit is mapped to the strength of a certain primary color.
  • the signal strength received by the sensing unit corresponding to 1.2THz is the brightness of red
  • the signal strength received by the sensing unit corresponding to 1.5THz is the brightness of green
  • the signal strength received by the sensing unit corresponding to 2THz is the brightness of blue
  • the signal strength received by the unit is the brightness of cyan.
  • the missing signal strength of other frequencies not detected by each sensing unit is obtained by interpolation of the digital signal response output by the surrounding sensing units, and finally a pseudo-color pattern that can reflect the characteristics of the object to be measured can be formed.
  • the receiving unit in the sensing unit includes a filter and a reconfigurable antenna, where the reconfigurable antenna is, for example, linear polarization, and is divided into horizontal linear polarization and vertical linear polarization.
  • the filter is set to the same frequency.
  • the detection unit can be composed of a triode detector and an intermediate frequency amplifier. Each sensing unit is coupled to the row and column addressing bus and the bias loading bus.
  • two pixels of different frequencies form a 1*2 sub-array, that is, a sensing unit group.
  • a lens group is used to convert the spherical light emitted by the terahertz light source into a uniform plane light, which is irradiated on the material, and the imaging lens group is placed in the direction of penetration.
  • the terahertz sensing array is located on the focal plane of the imaging lens group.
  • the THz wave passes through the test object, and according to the molecular size and molecular distribution of the test object, it has different penetration rates for THz waves of different frequency bands.
  • Each pixel on each 1*2 array unit will receive the transmitted wave intensity of the relevant frequency.
  • FIG. 9-C For ease of description, a 4*4 array in the terahertz sensing array is partially described below, and i and j are used to distinguish pixels at different positions. Take the pixel a22 as an example. It can only receive the intensity of the horizontally polarized terahertz wave.
  • the vertical polarization information of the a22 pixel is missing. The missing vertical polarization information can be interpolated in response to the digital signal output from the surrounding pixels. Completion.
  • the vertical polarization information component on the a22 pixel can be obtained by interpolation of the nearest type b pixel information:
  • the horizontal polarization information component on the b23 pixel can be obtained by interpolation of the nearest type a pixel information:
  • each pixel already has a, b intensity information, a is assigned to red R, the intensity of a is the red intensity of the pixel; b is assigned to cyan C, and the intensity of b is the cyan intensity of the pixel.
  • a pseudo-color map can be synthesized.
  • the terahertz sensing array shown in the example of Figure 9-A two polarized sensing units are integrated on the same sensing unit group, specifically horizontal polarization and vertical polarization.
  • the signal strength received by each sensing unit is mapped to the strength of a certain primary color
  • the horizontal polarization strength is the brightness of red
  • the vertical polarization signal strength is the brightness of cyan.
  • the signal intensity of other polarizations on each sensing unit can be interpolated from the digital signal response output by the surrounding sensing unit, and finally a pseudo-color pattern is realized.
  • the entire array of terahertz sensing exemplified in FIGS. 8-A and 9-A can be composed of multiple indivisible sensing units (pixels).
  • the pixel has a reconfigurable sub-unit, that is, the sensing unit is a reconfigurable sensing unit, which can be independently set to sense the specific frequency or polarization characteristics of the incident terahertz wave and convert it into the intensity information of the digital signal. It can be given a specific color as a mark, and finally a pseudo-color image with multiple colors is generated. This pseudo-color image can be used to identify the distribution of substances, etc.
  • the above-mentioned imaging process is simple, and multiple imaging is not required, and a variety of information can be obtained in one imaging; and because of the introduction of a reconfigurable sensing unit, the detection frequency band distribution or polarization characteristics can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the measured object, which is especially suitable for Terahertz mass spectrometry and imaging scene.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, the computer program is executed by hardware (such as a processor, etc.), and is executed by any device in the embodiment of the present application Part or all of the steps of any one of the methods.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product including instructions, which when the computer program product runs on a computer device, cause the computer device to execute part or all of the steps of any one of the above aspects.
  • the computer may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (such as an optical disk), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid-state hard disk).
  • the disclosed device may also be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated. To another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed indirect coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other may be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be in electrical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network units. . Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • the functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware, or may also be implemented in the form of software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the application essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium.
  • a number of instructions are included to enable a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media may include, for example: U disk, mobile hard disk, Read-Only Memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), Random Access Memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disks or optical disks and other storable program codes. Medium.

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Abstract

太赫兹感知系统（100）和太赫兹感知阵列（104，600）；太赫兹感知阵列（104，600）包括：以阵列方式排列的N个感知单元组；N个感知单元组中的每个感知单元组包括M个可重构感知单元（300）；M个可重构感知单元（300）中的每个可重构感知单元（300）能够检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数，可重构感知单元（300）所能检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类能够基于检测配置的变化而变化，N和M为大于1的正整数。

Description

太赫兹感知系统和太赫兹感知阵列
本申请要求于2019年12月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911321095.6、申请名称为“太赫兹感知系统和太赫兹感知阵列”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及图像检测处理领域，尤其涉及一些太赫兹感知系统和太赫兹感知阵列等相关产品。
背景技术
电磁波的频率范围非常宽，业内通常会基于频率范围对电磁波进行类型划分。广义的太赫波(THz)电磁波(简称太赫兹波)指的是频率在100GHz-10THz之间的电磁波。太赫兹波具有较独特的辐射特性。
穿透性：太赫兹波可以以不同的衰减率穿过不同介质。大气对于太赫兹波有着复杂的吸收作用。
高分辨率：成像分辨率随着电磁波波长减小而提高，将太赫兹波用于成像的分辨率好于微波。
光谱学：不同固体和气体材料对0.5-3THz的太赫兹波有不同的光谱特征，例如许多生物蛋白、有机大分子、半导体中电子和纳米结构共振频率落在太赫兹频段，因此太赫兹波可以用于材料检测。
非电离性：因为太赫兹波光子能量低，并不会激发物体电离效应，使得太赫兹波应用具有安全性。
由此，利用太赫兹波进行结构/物质感知成为了一个热门方向，业内的一些企业和研究机构也开始将其作为一个重要研究方向。
发明内容
本申请提供太赫兹感知系统和太赫兹感知阵列等相关产品。
本申请实施例第一方面提供一种太赫兹感知阵列，所述太赫兹感知阵列包括：以阵列方式排列的N个感知单元组；所述N个感知单元组中的每个感知单元组包括M个可重构感知单元(M个可重构感知单元可为感知单元组包括的部分或全部感知单元)；其中，所述M个可重构感知单元中的每个可重构感知单元用于检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数。所述可重构感知单元所检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类可基于检测配置的变化而变化。所述N和所述M为大于1的正整数。
可重构感知单元，表示这个感知单元所能检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类能够基于检测配置的变化而变化，即可重构感知单元表示检测配置是可变的(可重构)，因此可根据需要来配置可重构感知单元所能检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类。
其中，每个感知单元组中的一个可重构感知单元，可被配置为只检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数，一个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元总共可检测K种不同的太赫兹波物理特征参数，所述K为大于1且小于M的正整数。
例如K种不同的太赫兹波物理特征参数包括太赫兹辐射波的K种不同频段。或K种太赫兹物理特征参数包括太赫兹辐射波的K种不同极化。
例如，当M等于K的时候，那么一个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元中的每个可重构感知单元用于检测不同种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数，例如M＝K等于4，那么M个可重构感知单元中的每个可重构感知单元，用于检测这4种太赫兹波物理特征参数中的不同种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数。
例如，当M大于K的时候，那么一个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元中的一部分可重构感知单元用于检测不同种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数，另一部分可重构感知单元则用于检测同一种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数，例如M＝5，K＝4，那么5个可重构感知单元中的其中4个可重构感知单元中的每个可重构感知单元，用于检测这4种太赫兹波物理特征参数中的不同种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数，剩余的这1个可重构感知单元，也用于检测这4种太赫兹波物理特征参数中的其中一种太赫兹波物理特征参数，以此类推。也就是说，当M大于K的时候，M个可重构感知单元中的某至少两个可重构感知单元，用于检测同一种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数。
可以看出，上述太赫兹感知阵列包括以阵列方式排列的N个感知单元组；N个感知单元组中的每个感知单元组包括M个可重构感知单元；可重构感知单元所检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类可基于检测配置的变化而变化，即可重构感知单元的检测能力可重构，这样便可根据待测物的特性，来适应性的灵活调整可重构感知单元的检测能力(如探测频段分布或极化特性)，提高了太赫兹感知阵列的感知灵活性，增强太赫兹感知阵列的适用场景，尤其适用于太赫兹质成谱/成像场景。
其中，所述N个感知单元组中的可重构感知单元dij包括接收单元、检测单元和模数转换单元，所述可重构感知单元dij属于所述N个感知单元组中的其中一个(例如任意一个)感知单元组。
其中，检测单元的输入端与接收单元的输出端连接，模数转换单元的输入端与检测单元的输出端连接。
其中，所述接收单元用于将带有一种物理特征参数的太赫兹辐射波进行接收并变换为太赫兹导波。
所述检测单元，用于将所述接收单元变换得到的太赫兹导波变换为低频信号响应或直流信号响应。
所述模数转换单元，用于对所述检测单元变换得到的低频信号响应或直流信号响应进行采集而得到数字信号响应。
本申请实施例第二方面提供一种太赫兹感知系统，可包括：后端处理系统和太赫兹感知阵列。其中，所述太赫兹感知阵列可为第一方面提供的任意一种太赫兹感知阵列。
其中，所述后端处理系统，用于接收所述太赫兹感知阵列中的可重构感知单元输出的已检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应数字信号响应，并基于接收到的可重构感知单 元输出的数字信号响应，来插值得到可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应。
其中，每个可重构感知单元被配置为只检测一种太赫兹物理特征参数。一个可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应，基于其周边的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应进行插值来得到。
例如，所述后端处理系统，用于接收所述太赫兹感知阵列中的可重构感知单元dij输出的已检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应数字信号响应，并可基于接收到的可重构感知单元dij周围的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应，来插值得到可重构感知单元dij未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应。
具体举例来说，可重构感知单元dij未检测的第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应，可基于所述可重构感知单元dij周边的用于检测第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数的至少两个可重构感知单元所输出的数字信号响应进行插值来得到，所述第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数为所述可重构感知单元dij未检测的K-1种太赫兹波物理特征参数中的其中一种太赫兹波物理特征参数，其中，所述x为大于1的正整数。
可以看出，上述太赫兹感知系统包括后端处理系统和太赫兹感知阵列，而太赫兹感知阵列包括以阵列方式排列的N个感知单元组；N个感知单元组中的每个感知单元组包括M个可重构感知单元；可重构感知单元所检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类可基于检测配置的变化而变化，即可重构感知单元的检测能力可重构，这样便可根据待测物的特性，来适应性的灵活调整可重构感知单元的检测能力(如探测频段分布或极化特性)，提高了太赫兹感知阵列的感知灵活性，增强太赫兹感知阵列的适用场景，尤其适用于太赫兹质成谱/成像场景。并且由于后端处理系统可基于接收到的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应，来插值得到可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应，因此有利于通过一次成像/成谱，获得多种太赫兹波物理特征参数，有效减少了成像/成谱的复杂度，进而有利于提升检测效率。
在一些可能的实施方式中，后端处理系统还可用于，将每个可重构感知单元的每种太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应赋予一种颜色标识；将各个可重构感知单元的被赋予同一颜色标识的数字信号响应分别进行组合形成K张单色图，将所述K张单色图合成一张伪色彩图(具有多种颜色的伪彩色图像可用于识别物质分布等)，所述K张单色图和K种太赫兹波物理特征参数一一对应。
本申请第三方面提供一种后端处理系统，后端处理系统与太赫兹感知阵列耦合。所述太赫兹感知阵列为第一方面提供的任意一种太赫兹感知阵列。
其中，所述后端处理系统，用于接收所述太赫兹感知阵列中的可重构感知单元输出的已检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应数字信号响应，并基于接收到的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应，来插值得到可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应。
本申请实施例第四方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其中，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时能够实现第二方面或第三方面中后端处理系统的部分或全部功能。
本申请实施例第五方面提供一种后端处理系统，其中，后端处理系统包括耦合的处理器和存储器；其中，所处理器用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以完成第二方面或第三方面中后端处理系统的部分或全部功能。
本申请实施例第六方面提供一种计算机程序产品，其中，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述计算机设备执行第二方面或第三方面中后端处理系统的部分或全部功能。
附图说明
下面将对本申请实施例涉及的一些附图进行说明。
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种太赫兹感知系统的架构示意图。
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种太赫兹感知阵列的排布示意图。
图3-A是本申请实施例提供的一种感知单元的结构示意图。
图3-B至图3-D是本申请实施例提供的几种接收单元的结构示意图。
图3-E是本申请实施例提供的一种检测单元的结构示意图。
图4是本申请实施例提供的太赫兹感知系统的一种成分分析结果的呈现示意图。
图5-A是本申请实施例提供的太赫兹感知系统的一种透射式模式的示意图。
图5-B是本申请实施例提供的太赫兹感知系统的一种反射式模式的示意图。
图6-A至图6-D是本申请实施例举例提供的几种太赫兹感知阵列的示意图。
图6-E是本申请实施例举例提供的另一种太赫兹感知阵列的示意图。
图7是本申请实施例提供的另一种太赫兹感知系统的架构示意图。
图8-A是本申请实施例举例提供的另一种太赫兹感知阵列的示意图。
图8-B是本申请实施例举例提供的一种太赫兹感知阵列的阵列局部的检测示意图。
图8-C是本申请实施例举例提供的一种太赫兹感知阵列的阵列局部的示意图。
图8-D至图8-F本申请实施例举例提供的几种透射谱的示意图。
图9-A是本申请实施例举例提供的另一种太赫兹感知阵列的示意图。
图9-B是本申请实施例举例提供的另一种太赫兹感知阵列的阵列局部的检测示意图。
图9-C是本申请实施例举例提供的另一种太赫兹感知阵列的阵列局部的示意图。
图9-D本申请实施例举例提供的极化波的植被检测示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图对本申请实施例的一些方案进行描述。
参见图1，图1是本申请实施例举例的一种太赫兹感知系统的结构示意图。太赫兹感知系统100采用太赫兹光源照射待测物101(Objects),待测物101所反射的太赫兹波穿过传输路径102，被聚焦系统103(如透镜组)聚焦到位于焦平面的太赫兹感知阵列104上，太赫兹波可被太赫兹感知阵列104转换成相应数字信号，后端处理系统105可基于相应数字信号对待测物101进行成像或成谱等。
其中，太赫兹波(THz波)即太赫兹电磁波或太赫兹辐射波的简称，本申请实施例描述中可将太赫兹波、太赫兹电磁波、太赫兹辐射波进行混用。
其中，位于焦平面的太赫兹感知阵列是太赫兹感知系统中的重要组成部分。一种可能 的太赫兹感知阵列可以如图2举例所示，太赫兹感知阵列表面可包括多个工作在THz频段的感知单元(其中，感知单元也可称为“像素”，因此本申请实施例的描述中，可将感知单元和像素进行混用)。感知单元例如是可重构感知单元或不可重构感知单元。
其中，可重构感知单元，表示这个感知单元所能检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类能够可基于检测配置的变化而变化，即可重构感知单元的检测配置是可变的(可重构)，其检测能力是可变的(可重构)，因此可根据需要来配置可重构感知单元所能检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类。
不可重构感知单元，表示这个感知单元所能检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类不能基于检测配置的变化而变化，即不可重构感知单元的检测配置是不可变的(不可重构)，其检测能力是不变的(不可重构的)。
参见图3-A，感知单元300包括接收单元301、检测单元302和模数转换单元303。感知单元300能够检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数。其中，接收单元301例如可包括天线和滤波器等。其中，检测单元302根据不同工艺，例如可为超外差接收机、平方率检波器、三极管检波器、热辐射计或光电转换器等。
参见图3-B至图3-D，图3-B至图3-D举例示出了接收单元301的几种可能结构。接收单元301可包括天线和滤波器，或接收单元301可包括水平极化和滤波器，或者接收单元301可包括垂直极化和滤波器。
参见图3-E，图3-E举例示出了检测单元302的一种可能结构。检测单元302可包括检波器和放大器。
具体例如，接收单元301可用于将带有某一种物理特征参数的太赫兹辐射波进行接收并变换为太赫兹导波。检测单元302可用于将接收单元301变换得到的太赫兹导波变换为低频信号响应或直流信号响应。模数转换单元303可用于对检测单元302变换得到的低频信号响应或直流信号响应进行数字信号采集而得到数字信号响应。
感知过程用到了THz波的光谱性质。例如当用太赫兹光源照射待测物时，待测物如果含有某些特定成分，这些特定成分将与特定频段的太赫兹波产生谐振从而被大量吸收，反射的太赫兹波会在该频带内出现极小值点，从频谱上能明确区分，这种现象称为物质的太赫兹指纹谱。太赫兹指纹谱效应，可用时域太赫兹谱仪或者频域太赫兹谱仪来检测。采用太赫兹感知系统进行指纹谱识别，能够直观呈现的吸收区在物质结构上的分布，对比传统的时域太赫兹谱仪(TDS,Time Domain Spectroscopy)等具有很大的便利性。
在具体实现时，一些太赫兹感知系统中多采用中频方案，具体来说，每个感知单元中的接收单元是宽带化的，能覆盖所需要的所有频段，接收之后公分成三路，采用滤波器选出3个需要频段的信号后放大。然后送入三种不同频率的本振信号与接收信号相混频，得到相应低频信号进行处理。这种方案在一个感知单元中集成三个检测单元。
中频方案中，需接收单元具有超宽带接收能力，才能覆盖所需频段，接收到信号之后进行公分和滤波操作，这些操作将本来就很弱的接收信号进一步衰减，整个系统信噪将受很大影响。再者，在THz频段，每像素大小也就是天线间距将随波长急剧减小，比如，在300GHz频段，假设像素间距1/2波长，距离是0.5mm，在0.5mm范围内布置3路超外差接收，即便对于芯片级电路也是极具挑战，如果提升3000GHz，那么布局几乎完全不可能。 如果用为了布局而增大每个像素的面积，则又降低了成像阵列的空间分辨率。此外，这个多本振方案也提高了系统复杂度。对于大阵面(百像素级以上)，整个本振分配链路将极为庞大，损耗也会很高，甚至可能导致分配后功率过低无法驱动相关混频器。
另一些太赫兹感知系统中，采用不同频率的窄带THz波多次照射待测物，每次都采用同一宽带的太赫兹感知阵列来感知和成像，每种频率在后期处理时定义为某个颜色，最后将多张单色图合成多色谱的图像，即伪色彩图。通过伪色彩图中各种颜色分量的分布及组合颜色分量的分布，可以识别出各种物质的类型和分布。图4举例所示，一种太赫兹感知系统分别在0.76THz、1.84THz、2.52THz、3.1THz和4.25THz，对四种药物分别进行成像，四种药物分别是10％的酒石酸(TA)，5％的蔗糖和酒石酸混合物(SC/TA),10％的蔗糖和季戊四醇四硝酸酯炸药(PTFE)。从图4所示成像结果可看出，相对于单色谱，多色谱成像能够较好的区分出四种物质及混合物。然而这种太赫兹感知系统需多次采集成像，耗时较长，且需额外准备多个窄带滤镜或窄带光源。
为了在太赫兹感知阵列上实现多种物质吸收谱探测，可考虑在太赫兹感知阵列上集成不同频段/极化或模式的感知单元，如何很好的权衡多物理量探测时间，又尽量不影响焦平面上的这些感知单元的空间分辨率和视场，并具有工程实现可能，是需要考虑的问题。
下面继续探讨相关实现方案。
下面举例一些可适用于太赫兹的物质结构/吸收谱的感知应用场景的方案。太赫兹感知模式可分为透射式和反射式两种。其中，参见图5-A，透射式模式中，待测物放置于光源和太赫兹感知阵列之间，太赫兹波透过待测物之后，待测物不同位置吸收程度不一致，其细节将会在太赫兹感知阵列上呈现。参见图5-B，在反射式模式中，光源和太赫兹感知阵列放置于同一侧，待测物不同位置对THz波反射率不同，其细节将会在太赫兹感知阵列上呈现。
可以理解，透射式和反射式这两种感知模式都包含了物质与太赫兹波的作用过程。对于一些大分子物质，分子或晶格尺寸刚好谐振在某个频段，使其对该频段的太赫兹波有较强的吸收作用。不同物质对太赫兹波频谱的吸收衰减曲线也不同，或对不同极化的太赫兹波的反射率不同，这种现象叫做物质的太赫兹指纹谱。通过在反射波/透射波中捕获物质的频谱信息或极化信息，进而可以据此对物质进行识别。
参见图6-A至图6-D，图6-A至图6-D是本申请实施例举例提供的几种太赫兹感知阵列的示意图。
太赫兹感知阵列600可包括：以阵列方式排列的N个感知单元组(N个感知单元组可为太赫兹感知阵列600包括的部分或全部感知单元组)；所述N个感知单元组中的每个感知单元组包括M个可重构感知单元。其中，所述M个可重构感知单元中的每个可重构感知单元用于检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数。
其中，所述N和所述M为大于1的正整数。
其中，例如M等于2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、12、15、16、19、20、32、64或其他取值。
其中，例如N等于2、3、5、10、100、10000、50000、10000000、100000000或者其他取值。
图6-A举例示出任何一个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元为这个感知单元组包括的全部感知单元组。
图6-B举例示出任何一个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元可为感知单元组包括的部分感知单元组。
图6-C举例示出某些感知单元组中M个可重构感知单元为这个感知单元组包括的全部感知单元组。而另一些感知单元组中M个可重构感知单元为这个感知单元组包括的部分感知单元组。
图6-D举例示出某些感知单元组中M个可重构感知单元为这个感知单元组包括的全部感知单元组。而另一些感知单元组中M个可重构感知单元为这个感知单元组包括的部分感知单元组。而又一些感知单元组中不包括可重构感知单元。
参见图6-E，所述N个感知单元组中的可重构感知单元dij包括接收单元、检测单元和模数转换单元。其中，所述检测单元与所述接收单元连接，所述模数转换单元与所述检测单元连接。所述可重构感知单元dij属于所述N个感知单元组中的其中一个感知单元组。例如dij中的i表示可重构感知单元在太赫兹感知阵列中的行号，j表示可重构感知单元在太赫兹感知阵列中的列号。
太赫兹感知阵列的排布方式不限于参见图6-A至图6-D，还可基于需求设计为其他排布方式。
其中，各个感知单元(可重构感知单元和/或不可重构感知单元)例如可耦合连接到行列选址总线和偏压加载总线。
下面以感知单元组中至少包括一个可重构感知单元为例进行描述。
其中，所述接收单元用于将带有某一种物理特征参数的太赫兹辐射波进行接收并变换为太赫兹导波。
所述检测单元，用于将所述接收单元变换得到的太赫兹导波变换为低频信号响应或直流信号响应。
所述模数转换单元，用于对所述检测单元变换得到的低频信号响应或直流信号响应进行采集而得到数字信号响应。
其中，为提升量化精度，模数转换单元的位宽可为14位或16位的，当然模数转换单元的位宽也可为其它满足需要的位数。
其中，每个感知单元组中的一个可重构感知单元，可被配置为只检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数。一个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元总共可检测K种不同的太赫兹波物理特征参数，所述K为大于1且小于M的正整数。
例如所述K种不同的太赫兹波物理特征参数包括太赫兹辐射波的K种不同频段，又例如所述K种太赫兹物理特征参数包括太赫兹辐射波的K种不同极化。
可以理解，由于可重构感知单元所能检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类能够基于检测配置的变化而变化。因此，例如可基于需要来配置某个可重构感知单元只检测太赫兹波物理特征参数为1.2THz频段。或可基于需要来配置某个可重构感知单元只检测太赫兹波物理特征参数为1.5THz、2THz或2.7THz频段。或可基于需要来配置某个可重构感知单元只检测太赫兹波物理特征参数为垂直极化或水平极化。
在具体实现过程中，可重构感知单元中的接收单元例如为可重构接收单元，具体可采用相变材料、MEMS、晶体管等方式，实现可重构接收单元对频段、极化、或模式等太赫兹波物理特征参数的接收能力的可重构。
参见图7，是本申请实施例举例提供的一太赫兹感知系统的示意图。一种太赫兹感知系统包括：后端处理系统710和太赫兹感知阵列600。
其中，所述后端处理系统710，用于接收所述太赫兹感知阵列中的可重构感知单元输出的已检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应数字信号响应，并基于接收到的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应，来插值得到可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应。
其中，每个可重构感知单元被配置为只检测一种太赫兹物理特征参数。例如某个可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应，基于其周边的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应进行插值来得到。
具体举例来说，可重构感知单元dij未检测的第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应，基于所述可重构感知单元dij周边的能够检测第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数的至少两个可重构感知单元所输出的数字信号响应进行插值来得到，所述第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数为所述可重构感知单元dij未检测的K-1种太赫兹波物理特征参数中的其中一种太赫兹波物理特征参数。
此外，后端处理系统710还可用于，将每个可重构感知单元的每种太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应赋予一种颜色标识；将各个可重构感知单元的被赋予同一颜色标识的数字信号响应分别进行组合形成K张单色图，将所述K张单色图合成一张伪色彩图，所述K张单色图和K种太赫兹波物理特征参数一一对应。
下面分别对太赫兹波物理特征参数包括太赫兹辐射波的不同频段和不同极化的场景进行举例说明。
参见图8-A举例所示的太赫兹感知阵列中的一个感知单元组共同可检测出太赫兹辐射波的不同频段。其中，感知单元中的接收单元包括可重构滤波器和能接收全频谱的THz波的宽带天线。可重构滤波器例如为带通滤波器，可通过电控调节带通滤波器的通带范围，进而实现对不同频段的接收能力配置。例如其接收频段配置为4个频率：1.2THz、1.5THz、2THz和2.7THz。检测单元例如可由三极管检波器和中频放大器构成。
各个感知单元耦合到行列选址总线和偏压加载总线。其中，四个不同频的像素组成一个2*2的方阵，即一个感知单元组，整个太赫兹感知阵列由若干个感知单元组排布形成，排布方式可图8-B举例所示。其中，a＝1.2THz，b＝1.5THz，c＝2.0THz，d＝2.7THz。
成像时，可采用透射式或者反射式成像，以透射式为例，用透镜组将太赫兹光源发射的球面光转化为均匀平面光，照射在物质上，在穿透的方向放置成像透镜组，太赫兹感知阵列位于成像透镜组的焦点平面上。
THz波穿过待测物，根据待测物分子大小及分子分布，对不同频段的THz波有不一样的穿透率。1个感知单元组中的每个像素将接收到相关频率的透射波强度。为便于说明，下面取太赫兹感知阵列中的一4*4的阵列局部进行描述，i和j用于区分不同位置像素。 可参见图8-C，例如以d22这个像素为例，它被配置为只能接受到2.7THz的太赫兹波强度，那么在成像时，d22这个像素对于1.2THz，1.5THz，2THz三个频段信息分量是缺失，而缺失的信息分量可由周围像素输出的数字信号响应来插值补全。
具体例如，d22像素上1.2THz信息分量可由周围最近的a类像素信息插值得到：
d22(a)＝f(a11,a13,a31,a33)＝(a11+a13+a31+a33)/4
具体例如，d22像素上1.5THz信息分量可由周围最近的b类像素信息插值得到：
d22(b)＝f(b12,b32)＝(b12+b32)/2
具体例如，d22像素上2THz信息分量可由周围最近的c类像素信息插值得到：
d22(c)＝f(c21,c23)＝(c21+c23)/2
类似的，aij上的对应b、c、d等频段的缺失信息分量，bij上的对应a、c、d等频段的缺失信息分量，cij上的对应a、b、d等频段的缺失信息分量，都可以按上述举例的插值方式得到，最终可补全整个太赫兹感知阵列的全频带信息。
在合成图像时，每个像素上已经有a、b、c、d四个强度信息。将a赋予红色R，a的强度为该像素点红色强度；将b赋予绿色G，b的强度为该像素点绿色强度；并且，将c赋予蓝色B，c的强度为该像素点蓝色强度；将d赋予青色C，d的强度为该像素青色强度。最终可以合成一幅伪色彩图。其中，在RGB系统中，青色C＝G+B，太赫兹波频段越高功率和穿透性越弱，青色的引入有利于增加定义在高频的G和B分量信噪比。
参见图8-D至图8-F，图8-D为葡萄糖对应的透射谱示意图，图8-E为山梨糖对应的透射谱示意图。图8-F为水杨酸对应的透射谱示意图，采用宽带THz源照射待测样品，透射出来的THz波将呈现一定功率谱分布。其中，三种物质在1.2THz，1.5THz，2THz，2.7THz的透射谱的不同，使得葡萄糖的成像呈现绿色。山梨糖为咖啡色，水杨酸呈现绿棕色。如果有三者混合物，色谱也能分辨出三者的分布状况。
可以看出，图8-A举例所示的太赫兹感知阵列，在一个感知单元组中集成了四种频段的感知单元，具体为：1.2THz，1.5THz，2THz，2.7THz按四个一组排布。每个感知单元接收的相应频段的信号强度被映射到某种基色的强弱。1.2THz对应的感知单元接收的信号强度为红色的亮度，1.5THz对应的感知单元接收的信号强度为绿色的亮度，2THz对应的感知单元接收的信号强度为蓝色的亮度，2.7THz对应的感知单元接收的信号强度为青色的亮度。每个感知单元未检测到的其他频率的缺失信号强度，由周围的感知单元输出的数字信号响应进行插值运算而得出，最后可形成一幅可反应出待测物特性的伪色彩的图案。
参见图9-A举例所示的太赫兹感知阵列中的一个感知单元组共同可检测出太赫兹辐射波的不同极化。感知单元中的接收单元包括滤波器和可重构天线，其中，可重构天线例如为线极化，并区分为水平线极化和垂直线极化。滤波器设定为同频。检测单元可由三极管检波器和中频放大器构成。各感知单元耦合到行列选址总线和偏压加载总线。
参见图9-B，两个不同频的像素组成1个1*2的子阵列，即感应单元组，参整个太赫兹感知阵列包括若干个交错排布的感应单元组。a＝水平极化波，b＝垂直极化波。
成像时，可采用透射式或者反射式成像，以反射式为例，用透镜组将太赫兹光源发射的球面光转化为均匀平面光，照射在物质上，在穿透的方向放置成像透镜组，太赫兹感知阵列位于成像透镜组的焦平面上。
THz波穿过待测物，根据待测物分子大小及分子分布，对不同频段的THz波有不一样的穿透率。每个1*2的阵列单元上的每个像素将接收到相关频率的透射波强度。具体例如参见图9-C，为便于说明，下面取太赫兹感知阵列中一个4*4的阵列局部进行描述，i和j用于区分不同位置像素。以a22这个像素为例，它只能接受到水平极化的太赫兹波强度，成像时a22像素的垂直极化信息缺失，缺失的垂直极化信息可由周围像素输出的数字信号响应进行插值处理而补全。
举例来说，a22像素上垂直极化信息分量可由周围最近的b类像素信息插值得到：
a22(b)＝f(b12,b32,b21,b23)＝(b12+b32+b21+b23)/4
举例来说，b23像素上水平极化信息分量可由周围最近的a类像素信息插值得到：
b23(a)＝f(a13,a33,a22,a24)＝(a13+a33+a22+a24)/4
在合成图像时，每个像素上已经有a，b强度信息，将a赋予红色R，a的强度为该像素点红色强度；将b赋予青色C，b的强度为该像素青色强度。最终可以合成一幅伪色彩图。
参见图9-D，对于密集植被的探测，垂直极化波可以穿透植被探测到地表信息，水平极化波在植被顶端被反射，用双极化接收阵列，能够得到两方面信息，增强探测效果。
可以看出，图9-A举例所示的太赫兹感知阵列，同一感知单元组上集成了两种极化的感知单元，具体为水平极化和垂直极化。其中，每个感知单元接收的信号强度被映射到某种基色的强弱，水平极化强度为红色的亮度，垂直极化信号强度为青色的亮度。每个感知单元上其他极化的信号强度，可由周围感知单元输出的数字信号响应进行插值得出，最后实现一幅伪色彩的图案。
总的来说，上述图8-A和图9-A举例的太赫兹感知整列可由多个不可分割的感知单元(像素)构成。像素中带有可重构的子单元，即感知单元为可重构感知单元，可独立设定为对入射的太赫兹波的特定频率或者极化特性进行感应，转化为数字信号的强度信息，并可被赋予特定颜色做标识，最后生成一幅具有多种颜色的伪彩色图像，这个伪彩色图像可用于识别物质分布等。上述成像过程简单，可不需要多次成像，一次成像便可得到多种信息；并且由于引入了可重构感知单元，使得可根据被测物特性，调整探测频段分布或者极化特性，尤其适用于太赫兹质谱及成像场景。
可以理解，本申请产品实施例中这些产品的功能模块的功能，可基于方法实施例的相关方法来实施，具体实施方式可参考上述方法实施例。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被硬件(例如处理器等)执行，以本申请实施例中由任意设备执行的任意一种方法的部分或全部步骤。
本申请实施例还提供了一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当所述计算机程序产品在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述这个计算机设备执行以上各方面的任意一种方法的部分或者全部步骤。
在上述实施例中，可全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件、或其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品 包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线)或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如光盘)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘)等。在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
在上述实施例中，对各实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置，也可以通过其它的方式实现。例如以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的间接耦合或者直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者，也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例的方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各实施例中的各功能单元可集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各单元单独物理存在，也可两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，或者也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可为个人计算机、服务器或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质例如可包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(ROM,Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,Random Access Memory)、磁碟或光盘等各种可存储程序代码的介质。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种太赫兹感知阵列，其特征在于，所述太赫兹感知阵列包括：以阵列方式排列的N个感知单元组；所述N个感知单元组中的每个感知单元组包括M个可重构感知单元；
    其中，所述M个可重构感知单元中的每个可重构感知单元用于检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数，所述可重构感知单元所检测的太赫兹波物理特征参数的种类基于检测配置的变化而变化，其中，所述N和所述M为大于1的正整数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的太赫兹感知阵列，其特征在于，所述N个感知单元组中的可重构感知单元dij包括接收单元、检测单元和模数转换单元，所述可重构感知单元dij属于所述N个感知单元组中的其中一个感知单元组；
    其中，所述接收单元用于将带有一种物理特征参数的太赫兹辐射波进行接收并变换为太赫兹导波；
    所述检测单元，用于将所述接收单元变换得到的太赫兹导波变换为低频信号响应或直流信号响应；
    所述模数转换单元，用于对所述检测单元变换得到的低频信号响应或直流信号响应进行采集而得到数字信号响应。
  3. 根据权利要求1至2任一项所述的太赫兹感知阵列，其特征在于，所述每个感知单元组中的一个可重构感知单元，被配置为只检测一种太赫兹波物理特征参数，一个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元总共检测K种不同的太赫兹波物理特征参数，所述K为大于1且小于M的正整数。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的太赫兹感知阵列，其特征在于，所述K种不同的太赫兹波物理特征参数包括太赫兹辐射波的K种不同频段。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的太赫兹感知阵列，其特征在于，所述K种太赫兹物理特征参数包括太赫兹辐射波的K种不同极化。
  6. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的太赫兹感知阵列，其特征在于，当M等于K时，1个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元中的每个可重构感知单元用于检测不同种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数。
  7. 根据权利要求3至5任一项所述的太赫兹感知阵列，其特征在于，当M大于K时，1个感知单元组中的M个可重构感知单元中的一部分可重构感知单元用于检测不同种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数，另一部分可重构感知单元则用于检测同一种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数。
  8. 一种太赫兹感知系统，其特征在于，包括：
    后端处理系统和太赫兹感知阵列；其中，所述太赫兹感知阵列为权利要求1至4任意一项所述的太赫兹感知阵列；
    其中，所述后端处理系统，用于接收所述太赫兹感知阵列中的可重构感知单元输出的已检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应数字信号响应，并基于接收到的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应，来插值得到可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的太赫兹感知系统，其特征在于，每个可重构感知单元被配置为只检测一种太赫兹物理特征参数，其中，一个可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应，基于其周边的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应进行插值来得到。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的太赫兹感知系统，其特征在于，可重构感知单元dij未检测的第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应，基于所述可重构感知单元dij周边的用于检测第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数的至少两个可重构感知单元所输出的数字信号响应进行插值来得到，所述第x种太赫兹波物理特征参数为所述可重构感知单元dij未检测的K-1种太赫兹波物理特征参数中的其中一种太赫兹波物理特征参数，其中，所述x为大于1的正整数。
  11. 根据权利要求8至10任意一项所述的太赫兹感知系统，其特征在于，所述后端处理系统还用于，将每个可重构感知单元的每种太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应赋予一种颜色标识；将各个可重构感知单元的被赋予同一颜色标识的数字信号响应分别进行组合形成K张单色图，将所述K张单色图合成一张伪色彩图，所述K张单色图和K种太赫兹波物理特征参数一一对应。
  12. 一种后端处理系统，其特征在于，所述后端处理系统与太赫兹感知阵列耦合；所述太赫兹感知阵列为权利要求1至7任意一项所述的太赫兹感知阵列；
    其中，所述后端处理系统，用于接收所述太赫兹感知阵列中的可重构感知单元输出的已检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应，并基于接收到的可重构感知单元输出的数字信号响应，来插值得到可重构感知单元未检测种类的太赫兹波物理特征参数所对应的数字信号响应。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的后端处理系统，其特征在于，所述后端处理系统还用于，将每个可重构感知单元的每种太赫兹波物理特征参数对应的数字信号响应赋予一种颜色标识；将各个可重构感知单元的被赋予同一颜色标识的数字信号响应分别进行组合形成K张单色图，将所述K张单色图合成一张伪色彩图，所述K张单色图和K种太赫兹波物理特征参数一一对应。
  14. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，
    所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时能够实现权利要求12或13所述后端处理系统的功能。
  15. 一种后端处理系统，其特征在于，
    所述后端处理系统包括耦合的处理器和存储器；其中，所处理器用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以实现权利要求12或13所述后端处理系统的功能。
  16. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，
    当所述计算机程序产品在计算机设备上运行时，使得所述计算机设备实现权利要求12或13所述后端处理系统的功能。
PCT/CN2020/137734 2019-12-19 2020-12-18 太赫兹感知系统和太赫兹感知阵列 Ceased WO2021121405A1 (zh)

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