WO2021135248A1 - 遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质 - Google Patents

遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021135248A1
WO2021135248A1 PCT/CN2020/108823 CN2020108823W WO2021135248A1 WO 2021135248 A1 WO2021135248 A1 WO 2021135248A1 CN 2020108823 W CN2020108823 W CN 2020108823W WO 2021135248 A1 WO2021135248 A1 WO 2021135248A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
area
robot
point
traversal
work
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/108823
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔江伟
袁立超
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Suzhou Cleva Precision Machinery and Technology Co Ltd
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Suzhou Cleva Precision Machinery and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to EP20909899.5A priority Critical patent/EP4083737B1/en
Priority to US17/767,998 priority patent/US12332650B2/en
Publication of WO2021135248A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021135248A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0268Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means
    • G05D1/0274Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles using internal positioning means using mapping information stored in a memory device
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
    • G05B19/19Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Program-control systems
    • G05B19/02Program-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4155Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of program data in numerical form characterised by program execution, i.e. part program or machine function execution, e.g. selection of a program
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/02Control of position or course in two dimensions
    • G05D1/021Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles
    • G05D1/0212Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory
    • G05D1/0219Control of position or course in two dimensions specially adapted to land vehicles with means for defining a desired trajectory ensuring the processing of the whole working surface
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D1/00Control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, e.g. using automatic pilots
    • G05D1/60Intended control result
    • G05D1/648Performing a task within a working area or space, e.g. cleaning
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35349Display part, programmed locus and tool path, traject, dynamic locus
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/40Robotics, robotics mapping to robotics vision
    • G05B2219/40411Robot assists human in non-industrial environment like home or office
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45098Vacuum cleaning robot
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30Nc systems
    • G05B2219/50Machine tool, machine tool null till machine tool work handling
    • G05B2219/50391Robot

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of intelligent control, in particular to a traversal method, system, robot and readable storage medium.
  • Low repetition rate and high coverage rate are the goals pursued by mobile robots such as ergodic robots such as vacuuming, mowing and swimming pool cleaning.
  • the methods and steps commonly used by the lawn mowing robot are: use GPS, laser, UWB or other methods Positioning and establishing a lawn electronic map, then path planning, and finally path tracking to complete the traversal operation; but in the case of cost control, lawn mower robots usually do not use high-performance controllers, which require a lot of calculation and real-time control for path tracking , If you use a common controller, it will lead to slow running speed and distortion of the walking path, resulting in missed cutting; on the other hand, due to the undulation, softness of the lawn, the density of the grass, the consistency of the components, and the positioning accuracy will affect the mowing.
  • the path tracking accuracy of the robotic robot causes missed cutting, which reduces the coverage and coverage efficiency of the lawnmower robot.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a traversal method, system, robot and readable storage medium.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a traversal method, the method includes: obtaining a grid map, the grid map includes a plurality of grid units with the same structure, the grid map according to the robot Whether the work is divided into work area and non-work area;
  • the area of each independent work area in the remaining work area is obtained. If the area of any independent work area is not less than the preset area threshold, the area is not less than The work area with a preset area threshold selects any coordinate point as the work start point, drives the robot to the work start point, and from the work start point, randomly selects the predetermined rule to traverse and synchronize work until all independent work areas The areas of are smaller than the preset area threshold.
  • the method further includes configuring preset rules, and the preset rules include: driving the robot to traverse the current work area in a bow-shaped manner or driving the robot to spiral outward in the current work area Way to traverse.
  • the grid map is divided into a working area and a non-working area according to whether the robot is working.
  • the method further includes: marking each grid unit in the working area with a first identifier, and marking each grid unit in the non-working area with a second identifier;
  • the method further includes: if the robot finishes working in any grid unit, modifying the mark of the current grid unit from the first identification to the second identification.
  • "selecting any point in the plane of the raster map as the coordinate origin of the rectangular coordinate system, and using the coordinate origin to establish a rectangular coordinate system covering the raster map" specifically includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • "selecting any point in the plane of the raster map as the coordinate origin of the rectangular coordinate system, and using the coordinate origin to establish a rectangular coordinate system covering the raster map" specifically includes:
  • the opening direction of the charging pile for charging the robot is the X-axis direction, and the X-axis rotated by 90° is the Y-axis direction to establish a rectangular coordinate system.
  • the method for acquiring at least one of the starting point and the starting point of work includes:
  • the extreme value coordinate point includes: the coordinate point with the smallest abscissa on the X axis, the coordinate point with the largest abscissa on the X axis, and the coordinate point on the Y axis.
  • the method of obtaining at least one of the starting point and the working starting point includes :
  • the method of obtaining the working starting point includes:
  • the selected preset rule when the selected preset rule is a spiral outward traversal mode, it is determined whether the diameter of the inscribed circle of the current working area is greater than the preset diameter threshold. The preset rule is used for traversal. If not, the preset rule is changed to traverse with bow character, and the current area is traversed by bow character traversal.
  • the method further includes:
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a robot, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the traversal method as described above when the computer program is executed. .
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned traversal method are realized.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a traversal system.
  • the system includes: an acquisition module for acquiring a raster map.
  • the raster map includes a plurality of grid units with the same structure.
  • the grid map is divided into working area and non-working area according to whether the robot is working or not;
  • the coordinate system establishment module is used to select any point in the plane where the raster map is located as the coordinate origin of the rectangular coordinate system, and use the coordinate origin to establish a rectangular coordinate system covering the raster map;
  • the analytical processing module is used to randomly select a coordinate point in the work area as the starting point of departure if the traversal is performed for the first time in the same work cycle;
  • the area of each independent work area in the remaining work area is obtained. If the area of any independent work area is not less than the preset area threshold, the area is not less than The current work area with a preset area threshold selects any coordinate point as the work start point, drives the robot to the work start point of the current work area, and corresponds to the current work area. Starting from the work start point, the predetermined rule is randomly selected Perform traversal and synchronous work until the areas of all independent work areas are less than the preset area threshold.
  • the traversal method, system, robot, and readable storage medium of the present invention combined with the grid map coordinates in the Cartesian coordinate system, use bow traversal and spiral outward traversal to traverse the work area, and according to the remaining The area of the work area is checked for deficiencies and leaks, forming an efficient traversal method to ensure the coverage of the robot during traversal, and help improve the efficiency of the robot's work while effectively avoiding missed cuts.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lawn mower robot system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a traversal method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of modules of a traversal system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the robot system of the present invention may be a lawn mower robot system, or a sweeping robot system, etc., which automatically walks in the work area for mowing and vacuuming.
  • the robot system is taken as an example of a lawn mower robot system.
  • the working area may be a lawn.
  • the lawn mowing robot system of the present invention includes: a robot device (RM), a charging station 20, a boundary line 30, a boundary line signal station, and a positioning base station 40.
  • the lawn mower robot includes a main body 10, a walking unit and a control unit provided on the main body 10.
  • the walking unit includes: a driving wheel 111, a driven wheel 113, and a motor for driving the driving wheel 111;
  • the motor can be a brushless motor with a reduction box and a Hall sensor; after the motor is started, it can be driven by the reduction box
  • the driving wheel 111 travels, and by controlling the speed and direction of the two wheels, it can realize forward and backward running in a straight line, turning in place, and arc running;
  • the passive wheel 113 can be a universal wheel, which is usually set to One or two, which mainly play the role of supporting balance.
  • the control unit includes at least: a data memory 131, which is used to store various information obtained during the walking of the robot walking along the line-following path, and the data memory is, for example, EPROM, Flash, or SD card.
  • the boundary line 30 is, for example, an energized wire
  • the boundary line signal station is usually integrated in a charging station
  • the positioning base station 40 is usually a signal transmission station based on infrared, ultrasonic, Bluetooth, ZigBee, UWB and other technologies, or is adapted to The reflective cursor of the laser transmitter on the RM;
  • the charging station 20 is usually set on the boundary line;
  • the control unit of the RM also includes: a boundary sensor and a positioning sensor 133;
  • the boundary sensor is usually an inductance for sensing loading on the boundary line
  • the positioning sensor 133 is usually a sensor that receives infrared, ultrasonic, Bluetooth, ZigBee, UWB signals, or a laser transmitter/receiver including a turntable, which can receive signals sent or reflected by the positioning base station.
  • the positioning base station 40 is located on the lawn 50.
  • the number and position of the positioning base station 40 are usually selected according to the shape of the lawn and the power supply.
  • the lawn 50 of the present invention is also provided with pools, flowers, etc. to prevent Obstacle 60 that the lawn mower robot enters.
  • the lawn mower robot further includes: a working mechanism for work, and a power supply 15; in this embodiment, the working mechanism is a lawn mower blade, and various sensors used to sense the walking state of the walking robot, For example: dumping, lifting off the ground, collision sensor, etc., which will not be detailed here.
  • the traversal method provided by an implementation of the present invention includes the following steps:
  • the preset rules include: driving the robot to traverse or drive in the current working area in a bow-shaped manner The robot traverses spirally outwards in the current working area;
  • the area of each independent work area in the remaining work area is obtained. If the area of any independent work area is not less than the preset area threshold, the area is not less than The work area with a preset area threshold selects any coordinate point as the work start point, drives the robot to the work start point, and from the work start point, randomly selects the predetermined rule to traverse and synchronize work until all independent work areas The areas of are smaller than the preset area threshold.
  • step S1 There are many ways to create a grid map in step S1, and there are already many clear records in the prior art, which will not be detailed here.
  • step S1 specifically includes: marking the raster map with any two different identifiers, and the two identifiers are respectively represented by the first identifier and the second identifier;
  • the method further includes: marking each grid unit in the working area with a first identifier, and marking each grid unit in the non-working area with a second identifier.
  • the method further includes: if the robot finishes working in any grid unit, modifying the mark of the current grid unit from the first identification to the second identification .
  • the marks of the working area and the non-working area are represented by binary values "0" and "1" respectively; where “0” represents the working area, that is, the area in the lawn that needs to be mowed; “1” Indicates the non-working area, that is, the non-working area except for the area that needs to be mowed; as shown in the specific example in Figure 1, the boundary line, the boundary line and the obstacle are all non-working areas; in addition, the robot is working in the process , The area where the mowing is completed will also be adjusted from the working area to the non-working area to facilitate the calculation of the remaining independent area, which will be described in the following content.
  • the establishment of the Cartesian coordinate system mainly aims to record the specific position of each grid unit in the grid map in a relative reference manner, and to record the current position of the robot, the position that the robot has walked, and the And the position to be traversed is based on calculations with specific coordinate references.
  • the step S2 specifically includes: selecting any point outside the grid map as the coordinate origin of the rectangular coordinate system, so as to pass the coordinate origin and divide the grid map into two parts in the same quadrant.
  • the straight lines that are perpendicular to each other are used as the X and Y axes of the Cartesian coordinate system, respectively.
  • the establishment of the coordinate system is based on dividing the grid map in the same quadrant of the coordinate system, which facilitates the confirmation of the coordinates of each position of the grid unit.
  • any point outside the grid map is selected as the coordinate origin of the Cartesian coordinate system to pass the coordinate origin and divide the grid map into two mutually in the first quadrant.
  • the vertical straight lines are used as the X and Y axes of the Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the step S2 shown includes: taking the parking position of the robot at the charging station as the origin of the coordinates; viewing from the top view, the opening direction of the charging station for charging the robot is the X-axis direction (that is, the direction of the robot leaving the charging station) Direction), and use the X-axis rotated 90° as the Y-axis direction to establish a rectangular coordinate system.
  • the position coordinates of the charging station are (0,0).
  • the present invention proposes a working period to indicate the length of time for a complete traversal of the work area; the complete traversal cut-off here refers to the cut-off when the current work area cannot be traversed using a preset rule.
  • the preset area can be specifically set according to needs, and its value is between 0 and the size of the working area at the first traversal.
  • the traversal mode in the preset rules of the present invention can be realized by the robot's own global positioning navigation.
  • the robot In the absence of global navigation, the robot can be driven by the wheel difference of two driving wheels and realized by the built-in sensor control of the robot.
  • FIG. 4A shows the square bow-shaped traversal mode of the first embodiment of the present invention, which is traversed in the order of abcdef, and the traversal mode is realized by the robot walking in a straight line and turning in place;
  • Fig. 4B is the rounded bow-shaped traversal mode of the first embodiment of the present invention, which is traversed in the order of abcdef, which is realized by the robot walking in a straight line and the semicircular arc operation;
  • Fig. 4C is the semicircle of the third embodiment of the present invention The connected spiral outward traversal mode is traversed in the order of abcdef.
  • the traversal mode is realized by the left and right wheels of the robot alternately running as inner and outer semicircular arcs;
  • Figure 4D is the circular connected spiral outward traversal mode of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the traversal is performed in the order of abc, and the traversal mode is realized by the circular motion of the robot and the semi-circular arc operation.
  • the acquisition method of at least one of the starting point and the working starting point includes : Select the extreme value coordinate point in the current working area as the starting point; the extreme value coordinate point includes: the coordinate point with the smallest abscissa on the X axis, the coordinate point with the largest abscissa on the X axis, and the coordinate point with the largest abscissa on the X axis.
  • the acquisition method of at least one of the starting point and the work starting point includes: selecting the closest work area The coordinate point of the center point is used as the starting point.
  • the selected predetermined rule when the selected predetermined rule is to drive the robot to traverse the current work area in a bow-shaped manner, select the current work area closest to the current robot location The coordinate point is used as the starting point of the work.
  • the selected preset rule when the selected preset rule is the spiral outward traversal mode, it is determined whether the diameter of the inscribed circle of the current working area is greater than the preset diameter threshold, and if so, select If not, change the default rule to traverse by bow character, and traverse the current area by bow character traversal.
  • the preset diameter threshold is a fixed data, and its size can be specifically set according to needs, and its value is between 0 and the work at the first traversal Between the specific values of the diameter of the inscribed circle in the area.
  • the method further includes: at the beginning of the next working cycle, restoring the original data in the grid map; at the first traversal, after excluding the starting point of the previous working cycle in the current working area, selecting any coordinate point As the starting point of the work cycle; or the first traversal, which is different from the walking direction of the robot during the first traversal in the previous work cycle. Change the walking direction of the robot for the first traversal in this work cycle; or the first traversal, which is different from the previous one.
  • the preset rule selected when the robot traverses for the first time in the working cycle changes the preset rule when the robot traverses for the first time in the working cycle.
  • the second specific example of the present invention shown in Figure 6 is similar to the traversal mode of the first specific example shown in Figures 5A, 5B, and 5C.
  • Figure 6 chooses to use a built-in sensor as a bow-shaped vertical
  • the straight traversal method traverses the entire work area.
  • the area A is traversed for the first time
  • the area B is traversed for the second time.
  • the implementation can be obtained without any doubt
  • the specific traversal process of, I won’t go into further details here.
  • the third specific example of the present invention As shown in combination with 7A, 7B, and 7C, the third specific example of the present invention.
  • a preset rule is randomly selected to traverse in an outward spiral manner; and the current work area A is confirmed
  • the diameter of the inscribed circle is greater than the preset diameter threshold.
  • the coordinate point A1 near the center of the inscribed circle is used as the starting point, and the robot is driven to point A1 using the global positioning navigation, and the built-in sensor is used to traverse outward by spiral traversal Area A can no longer be traversed in this way until this time; in this process, the traversed area is recorded using the global positioning, and the mark of the grid unit in the traversed area is modified to "1".
  • the remaining independent areas can only be traversed in the bow-shaped traversal mode; in this way, the corresponding working starting point is selected in each independent area, and the bow-shaped traversal method is adopted.
  • the traversal of the entire work area is completed; after Figure 7C is formed, it represents the end of the traversal of the current cycle, and the robot can be driven to return to the charging station position to prepare for the traversal of the next work cycle.
  • a robot including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps of the traversal method described above when the computer program is executed by the processor.
  • a readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned traversal method are realized.
  • a traversal system As shown in FIG. 8, a traversal system is provided.
  • the system includes: an acquisition module 100, a coordinate system establishment module 200, and an analysis processing module 300.
  • the acquiring module 100 is used to acquire a grid map, the grid map includes a number of grid units with the same structure, the grid map is divided into a working area and a non-working area according to whether the robot is working;
  • the coordinate system establishment module 200 is used to Select any point in the plane where the raster map is located as the coordinate origin of the rectangular coordinate system, and use the coordinate origin to establish the rectangular coordinate system covering the raster map;
  • the analytical processing module 300 is used in the same work cycle, if the traversal is performed for the first time, A coordinate point in the working area is randomly selected as the starting point of departure; the robot is driven to reach the starting point of departure, and the machine is driven to traverse the working area where the starting point of departure is located according to a randomly selected preset rule and work synchronously;
  • the preset rules include: Drive the robot to traverse in the current work area in a bow-shaped manner or drive the robot to traverse in a spiral outward manner in the current work area; when it is confirmed that the current predetermined rule applied
  • the acquisition module 100 is also used to: implement the above step S1; the coordinate system establishment module 200 is also used to implement step S2, and the analysis processing module 300 is also used to implement step S3 and other unlabeled steps. step.
  • the traversal method, system, robot, and readable storage medium of the present invention combined with the grid map coordinates in the Cartesian coordinate system, use bow traversal and spiral outward traversal to traverse the work area, and according to the remaining work area
  • the area of the area is checked for deficiencies and leaks, forming an efficient traversal method to ensure the coverage of the robot during traversal, and help improve the efficiency of the robot's work, while effectively avoiding missed cuts.
  • modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple network modules, Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of this embodiment.
  • the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist alone physically, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, or in the form of hardware plus software functional modules.

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
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  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质,方法包括:获取栅格地图(S1);在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系(S2);在同一工作周期内,若首次进行遍历,则在工作区域内随机选择一个坐标点作为起始出发点;驱动机器人到达起始出发点,并驱动机器按照随机选定的预设规则遍历起始出发点所在的工作区域且同步工作;在确认应用于首次遍历的当前预定规则无法继续执行时,获取剩余工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的面积,若任一独立的工作区域的面积不小于预设面积阈值,则在面积不小于预设面积阈值的工作区域选择任一坐标点作为工作起点,驱动机器人到达工作起点,自工作起点开始,随机选定预定规则进行遍历并同步工作,直至所有独立的工作区域的面积均小于预设面积阈值(S3)。本方法利于提高机器人的遍历性及工作效率。

Description

遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及智能控制领域,尤其涉及一种遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质。
背景技术
低重复率、高覆盖率是遍历式机器人如吸尘、割草及泳池清洗等移动机器人追求的目标。
以移动机器人为智能割草机器人为例,为了提高机器人在割草过程中,对草坪修剪的覆盖率以及覆盖效率,割草机器人通常使用的方法和步骤是:用GPS、激光、UWB或其它方法进行定位并建立草坪电子地图,然后路径规划,最后进行路径跟踪完成遍历作业;但是在控制成本的情况下割草机器人通常不会选用高性能控制器,在进行路径跟踪时需要大量计算和实时控制,如果使用普通的控制器会导致运行速度缓慢以及行走路径扭曲等缺点,从而造成漏割;另外一方面由于草坪起伏、松软、草的疏密程度、部件的一致性以及定位精度都会影响割草机机器人的路径跟踪精度从而造成漏割,降低了割草机器人的覆盖率和覆盖效率。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的在于提供一种遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质。
为了实现上述发明目的之一,本发明一实施方式提供一种遍历方法,所述方法包括:获取栅格地图,所述栅格地图包括若干结构相同的栅格单元,所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域;
在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系;
在同一工作周期内,若首次进行遍历,则在工作区域内随机选择一个坐标 点作为起始出发点;
驱动机器人到达起始出发点,并驱动机器按照随机选定的预设规则遍历起始出发点所在的工作区域且同步工作;
在确认应用于首次遍历的当前预定规则无法继续执行时,获取剩余工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的面积,若任一独立的工作区域的面积不小于预设面积阈值,则在面积不小于预设面积阈值的工作区域选择任一坐标点作为工作起点,驱动机器人到达所述工作起点,自所述工作起点开始,随机选定所述预定规则进行遍历并同步工作,直至所有独立的工作区域的面积均小于预设面积阈值。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,所述方法还包括配置预设规则,所述预设规则包括:驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历或者驱动机器人在当前工作区域做螺旋向外的方式遍历。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,“所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域”具体包括:
以任意两个不同标识对栅格地图进行标记,两个标识分别以第一标识和第二标识进行表示;
机器人进入栅格地图之前,所述方法还包括:将工作区域的每一栅格单元均以第一标识进行标记,将非工作区域的每一栅格单元均以第二标识进行标记;
机器人在同一工作周期内工作过程中,所述方法还包括:若机器人在任一栅格单元中工作完成,则将当前栅格单元的标记自第一标识修改为第二标识。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,“在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系”具体包括:
在栅格地图之外选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,以通过坐标原点,且将栅格地图划分在同一象限内的两条相互垂直的直线分别作为直角坐标系的X轴和Y轴。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,所述方法还包括:
在栅格地图之外选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,以通过坐标原点,且将栅格地图划分在第一象限内的两条相互垂直的直线分别作为直角坐标系的X轴和Y轴。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,“在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系”具体包括:
以机器人在充电桩的停靠位置为坐标原点;
以为机器人充电的充电桩的开口方向为X轴方向,并以X轴旋转90°的方向为Y轴方向,建立直角坐标系。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历时,所述起始出发点、所述工作起点至少其中之一的获取方式包括:
选择当前工作区域中的极值坐标点作为起始出发点;所述极值坐标点包括:在X轴上具有最小横坐标的坐标点,在X轴上具有最大横坐标的坐标点,在Y轴上具有最小纵坐标的坐标点,在Y轴上具有最大纵坐标的坐标点。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做螺旋向外的方式遍历时,所述起始出发点、所述工作起点至少其中之一的获取方式包括:
选择最接近工作区域中心点的坐标点作为起始出发点。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历时,所述工作起点的获取方式包括:
选定当前工作区域距离当前机器人所在位置最近的坐标点作为工作起点。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,当选定的预设规则为做螺旋向外的遍历方式时,判断当前工作区域的内切圆的直径是否大于预设直径阈值,若是,以选定的预设规则进行遍历,若否,更改预设规则为做弓字方式遍历,并以做 弓字方式遍历对当前区域进行遍历。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进,所述方法还包括:
下一个工作周期开始时,恢复栅格地图中的原始数据;
首次遍历时,在当前工作区域中排除上一次工作周期的起始出发点后,选择任一坐标点作为本工作周期的工作起始点;
或首次遍历时,区别于上一工作周期中机器人首次遍历时的行走方向更改机器人在本工作周期内首次遍历的行走方向;
或首次遍历时,区别于上一工作周期中机器人首次遍历时选定的预设规则更改机器人在本工作周期内首次遍历时的预设规则。
为了实现上述发明目的之一,本发明一实施方式提供一种机器人,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如上所述遍历方法的步骤。
为了实现上述发明目的之一,本发明一实施方式提供一种可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上所述遍历方法的步骤。
为了实现上述发明目的另一,本发明一实施方式提供一种遍历系统,所述系统包括:获取模块,用于获取栅格地图,所述栅格地图包括若干结构相同的栅格单元,所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域;
坐标系建立模块,用于在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系;
解析处理模块,用于在同一工作周期内,若首次进行遍历,则在工作区域内随机选择一个坐标点作为起始出发点;
驱动机器人到达起始坐标点起始出发点,并驱动机器按照随机选定的预设规则遍历起始出发点所在的当前工作区域且同步工作;
在确认应用于首次遍历的当前预定规则无法继续执行时,获取剩余工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的面积,若任一独立的工作区域的面积不小于预设面 积阈值,则在面积不小于预设面积阈值的当前工作区域选择任一坐标点作为工作起点,驱动机器人到达所述当前工作区域的工作起点,并对应于当前工作区域,自所述工作起点开始,随机选定所述预定规则进行遍历并同步工作,直至所有独立的工作区域的面积均小于预设面积阈值。
与现有技术相比,本发明的遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质,结合直角坐标系中的栅格地图坐标,采用弓字遍历和螺旋向外的方式遍历工作区域,并根据剩余工作区域的面积查缺补漏,形成一种高效的遍历方法,保证机器人遍历时的覆盖率,并有助于提高机器人的工作时的效率,同时有效避免漏割。
附图说明
图1是本发明割草机器人系统的结构示意图;
图2是本发明一实施方式提供的遍历方法的流程示意图;
图3、4A、4B、4C、4D、5A、5B、5C、6、7A、7B、7C分别是本发明一具体示例的结构示意图;
图8是本发明一实施方式提供的遍历系统的模块示意图。
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图所示的各实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限制本发明,本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明的机器人系统可以是割草机器人系统,或者扫地机器人系统等,其自动行走于工作区域以进行割草、吸尘工作,本发明具体示例中,以机器人系统为割草机器人系统为例做具体说明,相应的,所述工作区域可为草坪。
如图1所示,本发明的割草机器人系统包括:机器人设备(RM)、充电站20、边界线30、边界线信号站以及定位基站40。
所述割草机器人包括:本体10,设置于本体10上的行走单元、控制单元。所述行走单元包括:主动轮111、被动轮113以及用于驱动主动轮111的电机; 所述电机可为带减速箱和带霍尔传感器的无刷电机;电机启动后,可通过减速箱带动主动轮111行走,并通过控制两个轮的速度、方向便可以实现前进与后退直线运行、原地转弯及圆弧运行等行驶动作;所述被动轮113可为万向轮,其通常设置为1个或者2个,其主要起支撑平衡的作用。
所述控制单元至少包括:数据存储器131,用于存储机器行走机器人沿巡线路径行走过程中获得的各种信息,所述数据存储器例如:EPROM、Flash或SD卡等。
所述边界线30例如为通电导线,所述边界线信号站通常集成在充电站内,所述定位基站40通常为基于红外线、超声波、蓝牙、ZigBee、UWB等技术的信号发射站,或适配于RM上的激光发射器的反光标;其中,充电站20通常设置在边界线上;RM的控制单元还包括:边界传感器和定位传感器133;边界传感器通常为电感,用于感测边界线上加载的信号;定位传感器133通常为接收红外线、超声波、蓝牙、ZigBee、UWB信号的传感器,或包括转台的激光发射/接收器,能够接收定位基站发出或反射回来的信号。
在该具体示例中,定位基站40位于草坪50上,定位基站40的数量和位置通常根据草坪形状及供电电源选择合适的位置布置;另外,本发明的草坪50上还设置水池、花丛等需要防止割草机器人进入的障碍物60。
进一步的,所述割草机器人还包括:用于工作的工作机构,及供电电源15;在本实施例中,工作机构为割草刀盘,用于感应行走机器人的行走状态的各种传感器,例如:倾倒、离地、碰撞传感器等,在此不做具体赘述。
结合图2所示,本发明一实施提供的遍历方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
S1、获取栅格地图,所述栅格地图包括若干结构相同的栅格单元,所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域;
S2、在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系;
S3、在同一工作周期内,若首次进行遍历,则在工作区域内随机选择一个 坐标点作为起始出发点;
驱动机器人到达起始出发点,并驱动机器人按照随机选定的预设规则遍历起始出发点所在的工作区域且同步工作;所述预设规则包括:驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历或者驱动机器人在当前工作区域做螺旋向外的方式遍历;
在确认应用于首次遍历的当前预定规则无法继续执行时,获取剩余工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的面积,若任一独立的工作区域的面积不小于预设面积阈值,则在面积不小于预设面积阈值的工作区域选择任一坐标点作为工作起点,驱动机器人到达所述工作起点,自所述工作起点开始,随机选定所述预定规则进行遍历并同步工作,直至所有独立的工作区域的面积均小于预设面积阈值。
对于步骤S1、栅格地图的创建具有多种方式,现有技术中已经有很多明确记载,在此不做纤细赘述。
本发明具体实施方式中,步骤S1具体包括:以任意两个不同标识对栅格地图进行标记,两个标识分别以第一标识和第二标识进行表示;
机器人进入栅格地图之前,所述方法还包括:将工作区域的每一栅格单元均以第一标识进行标记,将非工作区域的每一栅格单元均以第二标识进行标记。
另外,对于其他步骤,机器人在同一工作周期内工作过程中,所述方法还包括:若机器人在任一栅格单元中工作完成,则将当前栅格单元的标记自第一标识修改为第二标识。
本发明一具体示例中,将工作区域和非工作区域的标记分别以二进制数值“0”、“1”进行表示;其中“0”表示工作区域,即草坪中需要割草的区域;“1”表示非工作区域,即除需要割草的区域之外,均为非工作区域;如图1所示具体示例,边界线、边界线以外以及障碍物均为非工作区域;另外,在机器人工作过程中,其完成割草的区域也会自工作区域调整为非工作区域,以便于剩余独立区域的计算,以下内容中还会描述。
对应步骤S2,直角坐标系的建立,主要目的在于对栅格地图中各栅格单元的具体位置以相对参考的方式进行记录,以及在机器人工作过程中,对机器人当前位置、行走过的位置、以及将要遍历的位置基于有具体坐标参考的运算。
本发明较佳实现方式中,所述步骤S2具体包括:在栅格地图之外选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,以通过坐标原点,且将栅格地图划分在同一象限内的两条相互垂直的直线分别作为直角坐标系的X轴和Y轴。
在该实现方式中,坐标系的建立依据将栅格地图划分在坐标系的同一象限中,如此,利于栅格单元各个位置坐标的确认。
本发明一具体示例中,结合图3所示,在栅格地图之外选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,以通过坐标原点,且将栅格地图划分在第一象限内的两条相互垂直的直线分别作为直角坐标系的X轴和Y轴。
本发明其他实施方式中,所示步骤S2包括:以机器人在充电站的停靠位置为坐标原点;以俯视视角观察,以为机器人充电的充电站的开口方向为X轴方向(即机器人离开充电站的方向),并以X轴旋转90°的方向为Y轴方向,建立直角坐标系,此时,充电站的位置坐标为(0,0)。
对于步骤S3,本发明提出工作周期表示,工作区域一次完全遍历经过的时长;这里的完全遍历截止代指当前工作区域无法采用预设规则进行遍历时截止。
预设面积可根据需要具体设定,其值介于0和首次遍历时的工作区域大小之间。
本发明预设规则中的遍历方式可利用机器人自带的全局定位导航实现,在没有全局导航的情况下,机器人可以采用两个主动轮的轮差驱动,且利用机器人的内置传感器控制实现。
本发明具体实现方式中,“弓字形”的方式遍历或“螺旋向外”的方式遍历均具有多种实现方式。
结合图4A、4B、4C、4D所示,图4A所示为本发明第一实施方式的方形弓字形遍历方式,按照a-b-c-d-e-f的顺序进行遍历,该遍历方式由机器人直线 行走和原地转弯实现;图4B为本发明第一实施方式的圆滑弓字形遍历方式,按照a-b-c-d-e-f的顺序进行遍历,该遍历方式由机器人直线行走和半圆弧运行实现;图4C为本发明第三实施方式的半圆形相连螺旋向外遍历方式,按照a-b-c-d-e-f的顺序进行遍历,该遍历方式由机器人左右轮交替作为内外侧半圆弧运行实现;图4D为本发明第四实施方式的圆形相连螺旋向外遍历方式,按照a-b-c的顺序进行遍历,该遍历方式由机器人圆周运动和半圆弧运行实现。
对于步骤S3,本发明较佳实施方式中,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历时,所述起始出发点、所述工作起点至少其中之一的获取方式包括:选择当前工作区域中的极值坐标点作为起始出发点;所述极值坐标点包括:在X轴上具有最小横坐标的坐标点,在X轴上具有最大横坐标的坐标点,在Y轴上具有最小纵坐标的坐标点,在Y轴上具有最大纵坐标的坐标点。
较佳的,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做螺旋向外的方式遍历时,所述起始出发点、所述工作起点至少其中之一的获取方式包括:选择最接近工作区域中心点的坐标点作为起始出发点。
进一步的,对于工作起点的获取方式,本发明较佳实施方式中,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历时,选定当前工作区域距离当前机器人所在位置最近的坐标点作为工作起点。
需要说明的是,在同一工作周期中,机器人对工作区域首次遍历后,其剩余的工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的形状均不固定,当任一独立区域的形状接近于圆形时,采用螺旋向外的遍历方式进行遍历更为合适,当独立区域的形状不规则时,采用弓字形遍历方式进行遍历更为合适;当然,对于首次遍历也同样适应该规则;另外,在本发明具体应用过程中,用户可以辅助对机器人设置预设规则,在此不做进一步的赘述。
进一步的,本发明较佳实施方式中,当选定的预设规则为做螺旋向外的遍 历方式时,判断当前工作区域的内切圆的直径是否大于预设直径阈值,若是,以选定的预设规则进行遍历,若否,更改预设规则为做弓字方式遍历,并以做弓字方式遍历对当前区域进行遍历。如此,以设计最优的方案对当前工作区域进行遍历;在该实施方式中的预设直径阈值为一固定数据,其大小可以根据需要具体设定,其值介于0和首次遍历时的工作区域内切圆直径的具体数值之间。
进一步的,所述方法还包括:下一个工作周期开始时,恢复栅格地图中的原始数据;首次遍历时,在当前工作区域中排除上一次工作周期的起始出发点后,选择任一坐标点作为本工作周期的工作起始点;或首次遍历时,区别于上一工作周期中机器人首次遍历时的行走方向更改机器人在本工作周期内首次遍历的行走方向;或首次遍历时,区别于上一工作周期中机器人首次遍历时选定的预设规则更改机器人在本工作周期内首次遍历时的预设规则。如此,在对同一工作区域进行多次割草作业时,由于相邻工作周期选择不同的遍历方式,如此,可以覆盖上次利用内置传感器进行遍历时由于草坪地形起伏、地表松软不均匀、草的疏密程度不同、零部件的不一致性等原因可能造成的漏割,达到更好的割草效果,提高工作效率。
为了便于理解,以下内容中描述多个具体示例以供理解本发明的内容。
结合图5A、5B、5C所示的本发明第一具体示例,在该具体示例中,首先如图5A所示,以距离充电站最近、且具有y值极大值的A1点作为起始出发点,利用全局定位导航将机器人驱动到A1点,并使用内置传感器做弓字形水平遍历区域A,直到此次不能再用此方式继续遍历;在此过程中,利用全局定位记录遍历的区域,并将遍历过的区域中栅格单元的标记修改为“1”。区域A遍历完成后,经过确认可知:工作区域中还存在独立的工作区域,分别为区域B、区域C以及区域D;其中区域B、C的面积均大于预设面积阈值,区域D为因草坪地形起伏、地表松软不均匀、草的疏密程度不同、零部件的不一致性等原因造成的漏割,其面积小于预设面积阈值;如此,结合图5B所示,进一步的,仅对区域B和区域C从新选定预设规则进行遍历;以当前机器人所在位置,即首次遍 历的结束位置A2,选择距离区域A最近、且Y值极大值点作为区域B的工作起点A3,继续利用全局定位导航驱动机器人至A3点,并使用内置传感器做弓字形水平遍历区域B;结合图5C所示,区域B遍历完成后,以当前机器人所在位置,即对区域B遍历的结束位置A4,选择距离区域B最近、且Y值极大值点作为区域C的工作起点A5,继续利用全局定位导航驱动机器人至A5点,并使用内置传感器做弓字形水平遍历区域C;区域C遍历完成后,工作区域中不存在面积大于预设面积阈值的独立区域,此时,代表本周期遍历结束,可驱动机器人重新回到充电站位置,以准备下一工作周期的遍历。
结合图6所示,图6所示本发明第二具体示例与图5A、5B、5C所示的第一具体示例的遍历方式相类似,其区别在于,图6选择使用内置传感器做弓字形竖直遍历的方式遍历整个工作区域,在该示例中,首次遍历区域A,第二次遍历区域B,参照5A、5B、5C所示第一示例及说明,可以毫无疑义的得出该实施方式的具体遍历流程,在此不做进一步的赘述。
结合7A、7B、7C所示,本发明第三具体示例,在该具体示例中,首先如图7A所示,随机选定预设规则为向外螺旋方式进行遍历;并确认当前工作区域A的内切圆的直径大于预设直径阈值,如此,以内切圆的圆心附近坐标点A1为起始出发点,利用全局定位导航将机器人驱动到A1点,并使用内置传感器做向外螺旋遍历的方式遍历区域A,直到此次不能再用此方式继续遍历;在此过程中,利用全局定位记录遍历的区域,并将遍历过的区域中栅格单元的标记修改为“1”。区域A遍历完成后,经过确认可知:工作区域中还存在多个独立的工作区域,且存在面积大于预设面积阈值的多个独立的工作区域;结合图7B所示,同样选择做向外螺旋遍历的方式进行遍历,并经过确认后,确认区域B和区域C的内切圆的直径均大于预设直径阈值;相应的,仅对区域B和区域C做向外螺旋遍历,且选定内切圆的圆心附近坐标点A2、A3分别作为区域B和区域C的工作起点;结合图7C所示,当区域B、区域C遍历完成后,剩余的独立区域面积均大于预设面积阈值,且各内切圆的直径均小于预设直径阈值,因此,对 剩余的独立区域仅可以选择弓字形遍历方式进行遍历;如此,分别在各独立区域中选择对应的工作起点,并采用弓字形遍历方式完成对整个工作区域的遍历;图7C形成以后,代表本周期遍历结束,可驱动机器人重新回到充电站位置,以准备下一工作周期的遍历。
本发明一实施方式中,还提供一种机器人,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述所述遍历方法的步骤。
本发明一实施方式中,还提供一种可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现上述所述遍历方法的步骤。
结合图8所示,提供一种遍历系统,所述系统包括:获取模块100,坐标系建立模块200以及解析处理模块300。
获取模块100用于获取栅格地图,所述栅格地图包括若干结构相同的栅格单元,所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域;坐标系建立模块200用于在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系;解析处理模块300用于在同一工作周期内,若首次进行遍历,则在工作区域内随机选择一个坐标点作为起始出发点;驱动机器人到达起始出发点,并驱动机器按照随机选定的预设规则遍历起始出发点所在的工作区域且同步工作;所述预设规则包括:驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历或者驱动机器人在当前工作区域做螺旋向外的方式遍历;在确认应用于首次遍历的当前预定规则无法继续执行时,获取剩余工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的面积,若任一独立的工作区域的面积不小于预设面积阈值,则在面积不小于预设面积阈值的工作区域选择任一坐标点作为工作起点,驱动机器人到达所述工作起点,自所述工作起点开始,随机选定所述预定规则进行遍历并同步工作,直至所有独立的工作区域的面积均小于预设面积阈值。
另外,本发明较佳实施方式中,获取模块100还用于:实现上述步骤S1;坐 标系建立模块200还用于实现步骤S2,解析处理模块300还用于实现步骤S3及其他未具有标号的步骤。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到,为描述的方便和简洁,上述描述的系统和模块的具体工作过程,可以参考前述方法实施方式中的对应过程,在此不再赘述。
综上所述,本发明的遍历方法、系统,机器人及可读存储介质,结合直角坐标系中的栅格地图坐标,采用弓字遍历和螺旋向外的方式遍历工作区域,并根据剩余工作区域的面积查缺补漏,形成一种高效的遍历方法,保证机器人遍历时的覆盖率,并有助于提高机器人的工作时的效率,同时有效避免漏割。
在本申请所提供的几个实施方式中,应该理解到,所揭露的模块,系统和方法,均可以通过其它的方式实现。以上所描述的系统实施方式仅仅是示意性的,所述模块的划分,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式,例如多个模块或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统,或一些特征可以忽略,或不执行。
所述作为分离部件说明的模块可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的,作为模块显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理模块,即可以位于一个地方,或者也可以分布到多个网络模块上,可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施方式方案的目的。
另外,在本申请各个实施方式中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理模块中,也可以是各个模块单独物理存在,也可以2个或2个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用硬件加软件功能模块的形式实现。
最后应说明的是:以上实施方式仅用以说明本申请的技术方案,而非对其限制;尽管参照前述实施方式对本申请进行了详细的说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解:其依然可以对前述各实施方式所记载的技术方案进行修改,或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换;而这些修改或者替换,并不使相应技术 方案的本质脱离本申请各实施方式技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种遍历方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    获取栅格地图,所述栅格地图包括若干结构相同的栅格单元,所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域;
    在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系;
    在同一工作周期内,若首次进行遍历,则在工作区域内随机选择一个坐标点作为起始出发点;
    驱动机器人到达起始出发点,并驱动机器按照随机选定的预设规则遍历起始出发点所在的工作区域且同步工作;
    在确认应用于首次遍历的当前预定规则无法继续执行时,获取剩余工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的面积,若任一独立的工作区域的面积不小于预设面积阈值,则在面积不小于预设面积阈值的工作区域选择任一坐标点作为工作起点,驱动机器人到达所述工作起点,自所述工作起点开始,随机选定所述预定规则进行遍历并同步工作,直至所有独立的工作区域的面积均小于预设面积阈值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括配置预设规则,所述预设规则包括:驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历或者驱动机器人在当前工作区域做螺旋向外的方式遍历。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,“所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域”具体包括:
    以任意两个不同标识对栅格地图进行标记,两个标识分别以第一标识和第二标识进行表示;
    机器人进入栅格地图之前,所述方法还包括:将工作区域的每一栅格单元均以第一标识进行标记,将非工作区域的每一栅格单元均以第二标识进行标记;
    机器人在同一工作周期内工作过程中,所述方法还包括:若机器人在任一 栅格单元中工作完成,则将当前栅格单元的标记自第一标识修改为第二标识。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,“在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系”具体包括:
    在栅格地图之外选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,以通过坐标原点,且将栅格地图划分在同一象限内的两条相互垂直的直线分别作为直角坐标系的X轴和Y轴。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    在栅格地图之外选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,以通过坐标原点,且将栅格地图划分在第一象限内的两条相互垂直的直线分别作为直角坐标系的X轴和Y轴。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征是,“在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系”具体包括:
    以机器人在充电桩的停靠位置为坐标原点;
    以为机器人充电的充电桩的开口方向为X轴方向,并以X轴旋转90°的方向为Y轴方向,建立直角坐标系。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历时,所述起始出发点、所述工作起点至少其中之一的获取方式包括:
    选择当前工作区域中的极值坐标点作为起始出发点;所述极值坐标点包括:在X轴上具有最小横坐标的坐标点,在X轴上具有最大横坐标的坐标点,在Y轴上具有最小纵坐标的坐标点,在Y轴上具有最大纵坐标的坐标点。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做螺旋向外的方式遍历时,所述起始出发点、所述工作起点至少其中之一的获取方式包括:
    选择最接近工作区域中心点的坐标点作为起始出发点。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,当选定的预定规则为驱动机器人在当前工作区域做弓字方式遍历时,所述工作起点的获取方式包括:
    选定当前工作区域距离当前机器人所在位置最近的坐标点作为工作起点。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:当选定的预设规则为做螺旋向外的遍历方式时,判断当前工作区域的内切圆的直径是否大于预设直径阈值,若是,以选定的预设规则进行遍历,若否,更改预设规则为做弓字方式遍历,并以做弓字方式遍历对当前区域进行遍历。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的遍历方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    下一个工作周期开始时,恢复栅格地图中的原始数据;
    首次遍历时,在当前工作区域中排除上一次工作周期的起始出发点后,选择任一坐标点作为本工作周期的工作起始点;
    或首次遍历时,区别于上一工作周期中机器人首次遍历时的行走方向更改机器人在本工作周期内首次遍历的行走方向;
    或首次遍历时,区别于上一工作周期中机器人首次遍历时选定的预设规则更改机器人在本工作周期内首次遍历时的预设规则。
  12. 一种机器人,包括存储器和处理器,所述存储器存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现权利要求1-11中任一项所述遍历方法的步骤。
  13. 一种可读存储介质,其上存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-11中任一项所述遍历方法的步骤。
  14. 一种遍历系统,其特征在于,所述系统包括:
    获取模块,用于获取栅格地图,所述栅格地图包括若干结构相同的栅格单元,所述栅格地图根据机器人是否工作区分为工作区域及非工作区域;
    坐标系建立模块,用于在栅格地图所在平面内选择任一点作为直角坐标系的坐标原点,并以坐标原点建立覆盖栅格地图的直角坐标系;
    解析处理模块,用于在同一工作周期内,若首次进行遍历,则在工作区域内随机选择一个坐标点作为起始出发点;
    驱动机器人到达起始出发点,并驱动机器按照随机选定的预设规则遍历起始出发点所在的工作区域且同步工作;
    在确认应用于首次遍历的当前预定规则无法继续执行时,获取剩余工作区域中每个独立的工作区域的面积,若任一独立的工作区域的面积不小于预设面积阈值,则在面积不小于预设面积阈值的工作区域选择任一坐标点作为工作起点,驱动机器人到达所述工作起点,自所述工作起点开始,随机选定所述预定规则进行遍历并同步工作,直至所有独立的工作区域的面积均小于预设面积阈值。
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