WO2021136139A1 - 一种电子设备 - Google Patents

一种电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021136139A1
WO2021136139A1 PCT/CN2020/139906 CN2020139906W WO2021136139A1 WO 2021136139 A1 WO2021136139 A1 WO 2021136139A1 CN 2020139906 W CN2020139906 W CN 2020139906W WO 2021136139 A1 WO2021136139 A1 WO 2021136139A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiator
antenna
electronic device
frame
frequency band
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/139906
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李日辉
张声陆
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd filed Critical Vivo Mobile Communication Co Ltd
Priority to KR1020227026412A priority Critical patent/KR102613440B1/ko
Priority to JP2022539760A priority patent/JP7381762B2/ja
Priority to EP20910215.1A priority patent/EP4087053B1/en
Publication of WO2021136139A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021136139A1/zh
Priority to US17/851,008 priority patent/US12278438B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/378—Combination of fed elements with parasitic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/28—Conical, cylindrical, cage, strip, gauze, or like elements having an extended radiating surface; Elements comprising two conical surfaces having collinear axes and adjacent apices and fed by two-conductor transmission lines
    • H01Q9/285—Planar dipole
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/44—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas using equipment having another main function to serve additionally as an antenna, e.g. means for giving an antenna an aesthetic aspect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/328—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors between a radiating element and ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q7/00—Loop antennas with a substantially uniform current distribution around the loop and having a directional radiation pattern in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the loop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/40—Element having extended radiating surface

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device to solve the problem that electromagnetic devices such as the screen of the electronic device greatly absorb electromagnetic waves, resulting in a serious decrease in antenna radiation performance.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows:
  • an electronic device including:
  • Shell including frame
  • a grounding plate arranged inside the housing
  • a second radiator arranged spaced apart from the first radiator, the distance between the second radiator and the first frame of the frame is smaller than the distance between the first radiator and the first frame;
  • the shortest distance between the first radiator and the electromagnetic device is greater than the shortest distance between the second radiator and the electromagnetic device, and/or the first radiator is on the ground plate
  • the area of the projection area exceeds the preset area.
  • the first radiator and the second radiator are arranged at intervals, and the distance between the second radiator and the first frame of the frame is smaller than that between the first radiator and the first frame.
  • the shortest distance between the first radiator and the electromagnetic device is greater than the shortest distance between the second radiator and the electromagnetic device, and/or the first radiator is
  • the area of the projection area on the grounding plate exceeds the preset area, which can reduce the attenuation of the antenna energy and radio frequency interference caused by electromagnetic devices such as the screen, and enhance the antenna radiation performance, and can reduce the natural performance caused by the unstable ground impedance of the electromagnetic device Differences, improve antenna performance in free space conditions, and improve antenna performance in human body mode.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the antenna impedance at the feed source according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 shows one of the schematic diagrams of the standing wave ratio of the antenna at the feed source according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows the second schematic diagram of the antenna impedance at the feed source according to the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 shows the second schematic diagram of the standing wave ratio of the antenna at the feed of the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of antenna efficiency comparison in different antenna forms according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Commonly used mobile phone antenna forms such as monopole antenna, inverted F antenna, planar inverted F antenna, loop antenna, etc., cannot effectively reduce the attenuation of the screen’s antenna radiation performance and radio frequency interference, or they can be increased by adding ground walls (antennas and antennas). Add a ground plane between the electromagnetic devices) to reduce the attenuation of the antenna by the electromagnetic devices, but the antenna's own radiation ability is reduced due to the ground wall.
  • Direct feed refers to the way that the radio frequency energy is directly connected to the antenna radiator, while the coupling feed refers to the radio frequency energy is first connected to the coupling branch, and then a certain insulation gap is formed between the coupling branch and the main radiating branch.
  • This gap Capacitive coupling is formed to complete the transmission of radio frequency energy.
  • the function of the coupling part is to realize the function of coupling and feeding.
  • the coupling capacitance cannot be too small, so the gap between the coupling parts must be small.
  • This extension branch can produce another High-frequency resonance mode, but the main purpose is to expand the antenna bandwidth, and there is generally no coupling relationship between the extension branch and the main radiation branch, that is, the extension branch works independently, and the radiation performance of the extension branch is relatively poor at this time. It is not disclosed how to reduce the influence of lossy devices while improving the final radiation performance. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention provide an electronic device that can reduce the attenuation of antenna energy and radio frequency interference caused by electromagnetic devices such as screens, and enhance antenna radiation performance, and can reduce the difference in natural performance caused by unstable ground impedance of electromagnetic devices. , Improve antenna performance under free space conditions, and improve antenna performance under human body mode.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including:
  • Housing 1 including frame;
  • the second radiator 6 is spaced apart from the first radiator 5, and the distance between the second radiator 6 and the first frame 11 of the frame is smaller than that of the first radiator 5 and the first frame 11 distance;
  • the shortest distance between the first radiator 5 and the electromagnetic device is greater than the shortest distance between the second radiator 6 and the electromagnetic device, and/or the first radiator 5 is in the The area of the projection area on the ground plate 3 exceeds the preset area.
  • the first frame 11 is the frame of the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 in the length direction, or the frame in the width direction.
  • the second radiator 6 and the first radiator 6 The distance between the frame 11 is smaller than the distance between the first radiator 5 and the first frame 11, that is, the second radiator 6 is in the length direction or width of the outer contour of the housing 1 relative to the first radiator 5 It is closer to the outer contour of the housing 1 in the direction.
  • the first radiator 5 is a main radiator
  • the second radiator 6 is an auxiliary radiator.
  • the electromagnetic device is a device that attenuates the performance of the antenna and has radio frequency interference.
  • the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 are spaced apart, that is, a gap is formed between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6, and the gap forms a capacitive coupling, which can connect the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 to each other.
  • Part of the antenna energy of the radiator 5 is coupled to the second radiator 6, and the specific size of the gap can be adjusted according to specific conditions.
  • the capacitive coupling between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 is less than a first threshold, and in the target frequency band, there is no ellipse in the Smith chart of the second radiator 6 , A circular circle or a broken line segment, or the diameter of the smallest circle surrounding the impedance curve of the second radiator 6 in the Smith chart is smaller than the smallest circle surrounding the impedance curve of the first radiator 5 in the Smith chart One-fifth of the diameter.
  • the capacitive coupling between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 is less than the first threshold (the first threshold can be specifically determined by experiments according to different antenna structures), it is required that the second radiator be in the target frequency band.
  • the radiator 6 does not produce an impedance ellipse, circular circle, or a broken line segment, or the impedance ellipse or circle produced has a diameter smaller than one-fifth of the diameter of the impedance ellipse, circle, semi-ellipse, or semicircle of the first radiator 5.
  • the antenna standing wave ratio graph shows a very narrow band or a small bump, or just a specific standing wave with an unsmooth curve (such as a broken line), and the position of this specific standing wave can be in the target frequency band or not There are no specific restrictions on any position within the frequency band.
  • the solid line part enclosed by the dashed circle S2 is the impedance curve of the second radiator 6, and the dashed circle S2 is reduced to a size that can enclose the impedance curve of the second radiator 6, that is, reduced
  • the latter dashed circle S2 has a tangent point with the impedance curve (that is, the reduced dashed circle S2 has at least three intersections with the impedance curve, and the impedance curve does not exceed the minimum circle), that is, the reduced dashed circle S2 is the enclosed area
  • the impedance curve of the second radiator 6 does not exceed this minimum circle.
  • the reduced circle (not shown) surrounding the curve S1 just wraps the entire curve S1, that is, the reduced circle surrounding the curve S1 is the smallest circle surrounding the impedance curve of the first radiator 5 in the Smith chart .
  • the capacitive coupling between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 is greater than or equal to the first threshold, and in the non-target frequency band, the second radiator 6 is surrounded by the Smith circle
  • the diameter of the smallest circle of the impedance curve in the figure is larger than one-fifth of the diameter of the smallest circle surrounding the impedance curve of the first radiator 5 in the Smith chart.
  • the second radiator 6 produces an ellipse, circular circle, or quasi-circular shape in the non-target frequency band.
  • the impedance curve of is enclosed in the first circle.
  • the first circle can just wrap the impedance curve generated by the second radiator 6 in the non-target frequency band.
  • the first radiator 5 generates an ellipse, circle, semi-ellipse, or semicircle-like impedance curve in the Smith chart, and is enclosed in a second circle.
  • the second circle can wrap the impedance curve.
  • the diameter of the first circle is greater than one-fifth of the diameter of the second circle.
  • the antenna standing wave ratio diagram is shown as a broadband standing wave, and the position of the broadband standing wave can be anywhere in the non-target frequency band without specific restrictions.
  • the solid line part surrounded by the dashed circle S7 is the impedance curve of the second radiator 6.
  • the dashed circle S7 is reduced to the impedance curve of the second radiator 6, that is, after reduction
  • There is a tangent point between the dashed circle S7 and the impedance curve that is, the reduced dashed circle S7 and the impedance curve have at least three intersection points
  • the reduced dashed circle S7 is the Smith chart that wraps the second radiator 6
  • the reduced circle (not shown) surrounding the curve S6 just wraps the entire curve S6, that is, the reduced circle surrounding the curve S6 is the smallest of the impedance curve surrounding the first radiator 5 in the Smith chart. round.
  • the coupling relationship between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 needs to meet the following conditions:
  • Case 1 The gap between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 is very large, such as greater than 3mm. At this time, the capacitive coupling between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 is weak. A radiator 5 generates a resonance mode in the target frequency band and distributes the main current path, while the second radiator 6 can generate a weak or no obvious resonance mode in the target frequency band or non-target frequency band, which is weak at this time The resonance phenomenon is distributed with a weaker current path, because the coupling gap is large and the antenna energy coupled to it is less.
  • the antenna impedance at the feed 4 is represented by S1, and the specific position of the antenna impedance S1 in Figure 2 will vary greatly depending on the antenna form, and there is no specific limitation;
  • the second radiator 6 In the target frequency band in Figure 2, or the non-target frequency band is shown as a small circle (such as a circle or an ellipse) or a specific impedance with an uneven curve (such as a broken line) without a circle, and this specific impedance is shown in the figure
  • the specific position of the antenna will vary greatly with the antenna form, as shown in the curve S2 in Figure 2, without specific restrictions;
  • S3 is an impedance circle with a standing wave ratio equal to 3.
  • a is the target frequency band
  • the antenna standing wave ratio corresponding to the curve S1 is shown as S4
  • the antenna standing wave ratio corresponding to the curve S2 is shown as a very narrow band or a small convex or just a curve.
  • a specific standing wave that is smooth (such as a polyline segment), and the position of this specific standing wave can be anywhere in the target frequency band or non-target frequency band, as shown in curve S5 in Figure 3, without specific restrictions; this specific standing wave Whether it is in the target frequency band or non-target frequency band, because the bandwidth is too narrow, it is of no practical significance to expand the antenna bandwidth.
  • the weak resonance mode generated by the second radiator 6 approaches the target frequency band from the non-target frequency band, the antenna performance is improved.
  • Case 2 The gap between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 is small, such as less than or equal to 3 mm. At this time, the capacitive coupling between the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 is strong. At this time, the first radiator 5 generates an obvious resonance mode in the target frequency band and distributes the main current path. It is necessary to adjust the length of the second radiator 6 so that the second radiator 6 does not resonate in the target frequency band. A strong resonance phenomenon occurs in the non-target operating frequency band, and at this time, the second radiator 6 does not resonate in the target frequency band and a weak current path is still distributed. Although the coupling gap is small so that the coupling is strengthened, compared with the prior art coupling feeding, the second radiator 6 still obtains less energy in the target frequency band.
  • the antenna impedance at the feed 4 behaves as S6 in Figure 4, and the specific position of the antenna impedance S6 in Figure 4 will vary greatly depending on the antenna form, so there is no specific limitation; the second radiator 6
  • the non-target frequency band in Figure 4 shows a very large loop (such as a circle or an ellipse, etc.), and the specific position in Figure 4 will vary greatly depending on the antenna form, as shown in Figure 4.
  • Curve S7 does not make specific restrictions;
  • S8 is an impedance circle with a standing wave ratio equal to 3.
  • b is the target frequency band
  • the antenna standing wave ratio corresponding to curve S6 is shown as S9
  • the antenna standing wave ratio corresponding to curve S7 is shown as a very broadband standing wave and this broadband standing wave
  • the position can be anywhere in the non-target frequency band, as shown in the curve S10 in Fig. 5, without any specific limitation.
  • the antenna 5 has the effect of widening the antenna bandwidth at this time; in the target frequency band, it can reduce the attenuation of antenna energy and radio frequency interference by electromagnetic devices, and at the same time enhance the antenna radiation performance; when the resonance of the second radiator 6 When the mode is 1/4 wavelength fundamental mode (such as L-shaped) or 2/4 wavelength fundamental mode (such as ring), and the resonance frequency of the fundamental mode is slightly higher than the first radiator 5, the final performance of the antenna is optimal .
  • the mode is 1/4 wavelength fundamental mode (such as L-shaped) or 2/4 wavelength fundamental mode (such as ring)
  • the resonance frequency of the fundamental mode is slightly higher than the first radiator 5
  • the predetermined area may be one third of the area of the ground plate 3.
  • the preset area can be set according to specific conditions, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 are spaced apart, and the distance between the second radiator 6 and the first frame 11 of the frame is smaller than that of the first radiator 5 and the first frame 11
  • the distance between the first frame 11 and the shortest distance between the first radiator 5 and the electromagnetic device is greater than the shortest distance between the second radiator 6 and the electromagnetic device, and/or the shortest distance between the second radiator 6 and the electromagnetic device
  • the area of the projection area of the first radiator 5 on the ground plate 3 exceeds the preset area, which can reduce the attenuation of antenna energy and radio frequency interference caused by electromagnetic devices such as the screen, enhance the antenna radiation performance, and improve the antenna performance under free space conditions. , And improve the antenna performance in human body mode.
  • the electromagnetic device may be a display screen 2, a battery, a near field communication (Near Field Communication, NFC) antenna, a horn, a camera, a receiver, a universal serial bus interface, or a side button.
  • NFC Near Field Communication
  • the graphite heat conducting sheet and the connecting circuit in the battery form an electromagnetic device
  • the ferrite and the coil in the NFC antenna form an electromagnetic device
  • the side button is a metal side button
  • the metal side button and the connecting circuit form an electromagnetic device .
  • the display screen 2 may be a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), a flexible screen, etc., which are commonly used in the industry, and there is no specific limitation.
  • the back of the LCD screen can have its own iron frame to protect the light-emitting board.
  • the back of the flexible screen can also carry a large area of suspended copper foil, which is generally used for electrostatic discharge (Electro-Static Discharge, ESD) protection.
  • ESD Electro-Static Discharge
  • the first radiator 5 generates a first current in the target frequency band
  • the second radiator 6 generates a second current in the target frequency band.
  • the maximum value of the first current is greater than that of the second current. Maximum value.
  • the first radiator 5 generates a resonance mode in the target frequency band (set according to specific conditions) and distributes a main current path (that is, the first radiator 5 generates a first current in the target frequency band),
  • the second radiator 6 does not generate a resonance mode or a weak resonance mode in the target frequency band and has a weak current path (that is, the second radiator 6 generates a second current in the target frequency band), so
  • the peak current of the first current is greater than the peak current of the second current.
  • the energy of the second radiator 6 in the embodiment of the present invention will be significantly reduced, while the energy of the first radiator 5 will be increased (that is, the overall antenna The energy is farther away from the electromagnetic device), then the absorption attenuation of the electromagnetic device will be reduced.
  • the second radiator 6 can guide the antenna energy of the first radiator 5 to radiate outward, thereby enhancing radiation. It should be noted that because part of the energy is distributed on the second radiator 6, it will have a significant impact on the resonance frequency of the first radiator 5. In the end, the two participate in the radiation together, thereby reducing the attenuation of the antenna energy and radio frequency by the electromagnetic device. Interference issues, while enhancing antenna radiation performance, ultimately improving antenna performance in free space conditions, and improving antenna performance in human body mode.
  • the resonance mode it is the inherent characteristic of the antenna structure itself, each resonance mode has a specific resonance frequency and current distribution form, and the signal excitation can change the excitation degree of the resonance mode.
  • the strong resonance mode refers to the situation where the resonance mode is excited to a good degree, which can be expressed as the lowest antenna standing wave ratio of the resonance mode in the target frequency band is less than 4; the weak resonance mode is the resonance mode is poorly excited In the case of, it can be specifically expressed that the lowest antenna standing wave ratio of the resonance mode in the target frequency band is greater than 4.
  • the non-resonant mode refers to the situation where the degree of excitation of the resonant mode is zero or very low, which can be expressed specifically that the lowest antenna standing wave ratio of the resonant mode in the target frequency band is greater than 10.
  • the electronic device may further include:
  • a feed source 4 one end of the feed source 4 is connected to the feeding point, and the other end is connected to the ground plate 3.
  • the electronic device may also include:
  • the first radiator 5 is connected to the feed source 4 through the antenna matching circuit.
  • the antenna matching circuit can be configured to match the antenna impedance to the impedance of the feed 4, and the specific structure of the antenna matching circuit is not specifically limited herein.
  • the second radiator 6 is a metal conductor arranged on the first frame 11, and at least one connection point on the second radiator 6 is connected to the ground plate 3. .
  • the second radiator 6 may be a metal conductor grounded at the first connection point 61 and/or the second connection point 62 to the ground plate 3.
  • the first connection point 61 and the second connection point When the connecting points 62 are grounded to the ground plate 3 together, the second radiator 6 is a ring-shaped or F-shaped metal conductor, which is not specifically limited here.
  • the second radiator 6 may be the first frame 11, and the first frame 11 is a metal frame.
  • the specific structure of the electronic device may be a metal frame (as the second radiator 6) and A closed slot antenna is formed between the ground plates 3.
  • the materials of the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 are both conductive materials, which can be flexible circuit boards inside or on the outer surface of the housing 1 of the electronic device, laser-direct-structuring (LDS), stainless steel There are no specific restrictions on the film, magnesium/aluminum alloy metal, metal frame of the outer contour, etc.
  • the resonance mode of the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 can be a fundamental mode (such as 1/4 or 2/4 wavelength) or a high-order mode such as 2/3/4/5...n (such as 2/ 4, 3/4, 4/4, 5/4...n/4 and other wavelengths).
  • the resonance mode of the second radiator 6 is a fundamental mode of 1/4 wavelength (such as an L shape) or a fundamental mode of 2/4 wavelength (such as a ring), and the fundamental mode of the second radiator 6
  • the resonance frequency of is higher than the resonance frequency of the fundamental mode of the first radiator 5
  • the final performance of the antenna is optimal.
  • the second radiator 6 may be a suspended conductor, which is arranged in the housing 1.
  • the second radiator 6 may be a suspended conductor, and the suspended conductor may be a conductor carried by an insulating medium (such as insulating glue); or the second radiator 6 may also be an L with a short side and a long side.
  • the short side can be connected to the feed source 4 to support the side of the long side to be suspended in the air, thereby further improving radiation and reducing the number of connection points, and reducing the difficulty of engineering practice.
  • the first radiator 5 may be a monopole antenna, an inverted F antenna, a planar inverted F antenna, or a loop antenna.
  • the first radiator 5 is located on the inside of the short side of the frame of the housing 1 and adopts a common inverted F antenna.
  • the area of the projection area of the first radiator 5 on the ground plate 3 exceeds that of the ground plate 3. 1/3 of the area; this inverted-F antenna has a feed point and a ground point, the feed point is connected to the feed source 4, and the ground point is grounded to the ground plate 3;
  • the display screen 2 is directly below the grounding plate 3.
  • the material is a common flexible screen and the back is equipped with floating copper foil, and the floating copper foil is not grounded to the grounding plate 3 for some reasons, and the entire copper foil is in a suspended state;
  • the thickness of the display screen 2 is 0.7mm, there is a whole piece of insulating foam with a thickness of 0.3mm between the display screen 2 and the copper foil on the back, and there is another whole piece of insulating foam with a thickness of 0.3mm between the copper foil on the back and the ground plate 3. cotton.
  • the second radiator 6 is located on the outermost surface of the short side of the frame of the housing 1, and directly uses the exposed metal frame as the antenna carrier. The thickness of the metal frame is 1mm.
  • the grounding plate 3 is reduced by 1mm relative to the display screen 2 in the length direction of the whole machine, that is, the inner side of the metal frame is only 1.7mm away from the grounding plate 3, and the second connection point 62 on the second radiator 6 is that the metal frame is directly connected to the grounding plate 3. Realize grounding. There is a broken bar near the first connection point 61 of the metal frame.
  • the metal frame on one side of the broken bar is grounded through the first connection point 61 and/or the second connection point 62, and the metal frame on the other side is directly grounded, so that The metal frame forms a conductive path from the broken strip near the first connection point 61 to the second connection point 62, and the length X width X thickness of the metal frame of the conductive path is 9.5 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 are made as protrusions, and the gap between the protrusions is about 1.2mm, which meets the above situation 2 at this time.
  • the first radiator 5 generates a resonance mode (and belongs to 1/4 wavelength resonance) in the target frequency band (2.5Ghz ⁇ 2.69Ghz) and distributes the main current path, while the second radiator 6 is in the target frequency band (2.5Ghz ⁇ 2.69Ghz) does not produce resonance.
  • the auxiliary radiator 6 does not resonate, it has a weaker current path. Since the second radiator 6 has relatively small energy distribution, the attenuation and radio frequency interference caused by the screen absorption is small. At the same time, the second radiator 6 can guide the antenna energy of the first radiator 5 to radiate outward, which enhances the radiation and ultimately improves the performance of the antenna.
  • the second radiator 6 produces a resonance mode (belonging to 1/4 wavelength resonance) in the non-target operating frequency band (3Ghz ⁇ 3.3Ghz) and distributes the main current path, which is a strong resonance phenomenon.
  • the antenna energy will increase sharply, and the attenuation and radio frequency interference caused by screen absorption will also increase sharply.
  • the second radiator 6 can guide the antenna energy of the first radiator 5 to radiate outward, the influence of the screen will increase sharply, and the antenna performance will be relatively high.
  • the target frequency band (2.5Ghz ⁇ 2.69Ghz) still drops, as A and B in Figure 6, B is 2dB lower than A on average.
  • the above data is for example only and is not specifically limited.
  • the target frequency band is 2.5Ghz ⁇ 2.65Ghz
  • curve 1 is the antenna efficiency curve diagram of this embodiment
  • curve 2 is the shortening of the antenna efficiency curve on the basis of this embodiment.
  • a coupled-fed frame antenna with the length of a radiator 5 so that it does not resonate in the target frequency band, and only realizes the function of coupling and feeding energy to transmit energy, and then changes the ground position of the second connection point 62 to extend the slot length to the target frequency band
  • the second radiator 6 has a resonance mode and the resonance frequency enters the target frequency band.
  • Curve 3 is the direct-fed bezel antenna with the first radiator 5 removed on the basis of this embodiment, and then the second radiator 6 is used as the main radiator, which is directly connected through a matching circuit of 0.5p and 5nH in series at the first connection point 61 Feed 4, that is, direct feed mode, by changing the ground position of the second connection point 62 to lengthen the slot length to 1/4 wavelength resonance of the target frequency band, at this time the second radiator 6 has a resonance mode and the resonance frequency enters the target frequency band .
  • Curve 4 is a single-plane inverted F antenna, which means that on the basis of this embodiment, the second radiator 6 is properly grounded through multiple points to destroy its radiation effect.
  • the first radiator 5 needs to be appropriately extended to the length of the antenna
  • the 1/4 wavelength of the target frequency band resonates. Comparing the antenna efficiency, we can see that in the target frequency band 2.5Ghz ⁇ 2.65Ghz, curve 1>curve 2>curve 3>curve 4.
  • antenna efficiency in dB unit 10*lg (antenna efficiency in% unit).
  • Other types of display screens 2 without copper foil or iron frame on the back) have the same effect as the flexible screen, and will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the coupling radiation effect, that is, the first radiator 5 is coupled to the second radiator 6 to enhance radiation, the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 participate in the radiation together, and the first radiator
  • the antenna forms of the main radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 can have a variety of structural forms, and the resonance mode is 1/4 wavelength and above; and, by setting the first radiator 5, the second radiator 6, the electromagnetic
  • the relative relationship between the device and the frame makes the second radiator 6 closer to the electromagnetic device do not resonate or weakly resonate in the target frequency band, so as to reduce the influence of the screen electromagnetic device and at the same time provide enhanced radiation by coupling radiation, thereby improving Improve the antenna performance.
  • the first radiator 5 and the second radiator 6 are spaced apart, and the distance between the second radiator 6 and the first frame 11 of the frame is Is smaller than the distance between the first radiator 5 and the first frame 11, and the shortest distance between the first radiator 5 and the electromagnetic device is larger than the second radiator 6 and the electromagnetic device
  • the shortest distance between the two, and/or the area of the projection area of the first radiator 5 on the ground plate 3 exceeds the preset area, which can reduce the attenuation of antenna energy and radio frequency interference caused by electromagnetic devices such as the screen and enhance Antenna radiation performance, and can reduce the difference in natural performance caused by the unstable ground impedance of electromagnetic devices, improve antenna performance under free space conditions, and improve antenna performance under human body mode.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种电子设备，涉及通信技术领域。该电子设备包括：壳体，包括边框；电磁器件；设置于壳体内部的接地板；设置于壳体内部的第一辐射体，第一辐射体设有馈电点；与第一辐射体间隔设置的第二辐射体，第二辐射体与边框的第一边框的距离小于第一辐射体与第一边框的距离；第一辐射体与电磁器件之间的最短距离，大于第二辐射体与电磁器件之间的最短距离，和/或第一辐射体在接地板上的投影区域的面积超过预设面积。

Description

一种电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2019年12月31日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201911417159.2的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种电子设备。
背景技术
目前，为了提高屏占比，全面屏电子设备均在不断的压缩天线空间，使得天线距离电磁器件越来越近。这些电磁器件对电磁波的吸收很大，导致天线辐射性能严重下降；同时，电磁器件工作时还会产生射频杂散信号，干扰到天线的接收频段。尤其是电子设备屏幕的影响较大。此外，近年来很流行的曲面屏手机，其屏幕下方因为静电防护需要常增加了一层大面积铜箔，而此铜箔因为某些原因又不能实现接地，此时屏幕和铜箔对天线辐射性能的衰减和射频干扰将进一步增加。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种电子设备，以解决电子设备的屏幕等电磁器件对电磁波的吸收很大，导致天线辐射性能严重下降的问题。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明是这样实现的：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括：
壳体，包括边框；
电磁器件；
设置于所述壳体内部的接地板；
设置于所述壳体内部的第一辐射体，所述第一辐射体设有馈电点；
与所述第一辐射体间隔设置的第二辐射体，所述第二辐射体与所述边框的第一边框的距离小于所述第一辐射体与所述第一边框的距离；
所述第一辐射体与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，大于所述第二辐射体与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，和/或所述第一辐射体在所述接地板上的投影区域的面积超过预设面积。
这样，本发明实施例中，通过第一辐射体与第二辐射体间隔设置，所述第二辐射体与所述边框的第一边框的距离小于所述第一辐射体与所述第一边框的距离，且所述第一辐射体与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，大于所述第二辐射体与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，和/或所述第一辐射体在所述接地板上的投影区域的面积超过预设面积，可以降低屏幕等电磁器件对天线能量的衰减和射频干扰问题并增强天线辐射性能，且可以降低因电磁器件接地阻抗不稳定所造成的天性性能差异，提高自由空间条件下天线性能，并提高人体模式下的天线性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对本发明实施例的描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1表示本发明实施例的电子设备的结构示意图；
图2表示本发明实施例的馈源处的天线阻抗示意图之一；
图3表示本发明实施例的馈源处的天线驻波比示意图之一；
图4表示本发明实施例的馈源处的天线阻抗示意图之二；
图5表示本发明实施例的馈源处的天线驻波比示意图之二；
图6表示本发明实施例的不同天线形式下的天线效率对比示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-壳体，11-第一边框，2-显示屏，3-接地板，4-馈源，5-第一辐射体，6-第二辐射体，61-第一连接点，62-第二连接点。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
常用的手机天线形式如单极天线、倒F型天线、平面倒F型天线、环型天线等均无法有效降低屏幕对天线辐射性能的衰减和射频干扰问题，或者可以通过增加地墙(天线和电磁器件之间增加地平面)来降低电磁器件对天线的衰减，但天线又因为地墙而导致天线自身辐射能力下降。现有技术中，常用的馈电方式有直馈和耦合馈电两种。直馈指的是射频能量通过直接连接至天线辐射体的馈电方式，而耦合馈电指的是射频能量先连接至耦合分支，耦合分支再与主辐射分支之间形成一定绝缘间隙，此间隙形成了电容耦合，完成射频能量的传输。耦合部的作用是实现耦合馈电功能，耦合电容不能太小，因此耦合部之间的间隙必然较小，现有技术中有耦合分支上再增加延伸分支的方案，此延伸分支可产生另一个高频共振模态，但主要目的是拓展天线带宽，且延伸分支与主辐射分支之间一般不存在耦合关系，即延伸分支是独立工作的，此时延伸分支的辐射性能相对较差，同时也未揭示如何才能降低损耗器件的影响的同时提高最终辐射性能。因此，本发明实施例提供了一种电子设备，可以降低屏幕等电磁器件对天线能量的衰减和射频干扰问题并增强天线辐射性能，且可以降低因电磁器件接地阻抗不稳定所造成的天性性能差异，提高自由空间条件下天线性能，并提高人体模式下的天线性能。
具体的，如图1所示，本发明实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括：
壳体1，包括边框；
电磁器件；
设置于所述壳体1内部的接地板3；
设置于所述壳体1内部的第一辐射体5，所述第一辐射体设有馈电点；
与所述第一辐射体5间隔设置的第二辐射体6，所述第二辐射体6与所述边框的第一边框11的距离小于所述第一辐射体5与所述第一边框11的距离；
所述第一辐射体5与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，大于所述第二辐射体6与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，和/或所述第一辐射体5在所述接地板 3上的投影区域的面积超过预设面积。
具体的，所述第一边框11为所述第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6在长度方向上的边框，或者在宽度方向上的边框，所述第二辐射体6与所述第一边框11的距离小于所述第一辐射体5与所述第一边框11的距离，即所述第二辐射体6相对于第一辐射体5在所述壳体1的外轮廓长度方向或宽度方向上更靠近所述壳体1的外轮廓。
具体的，所述第一辐射体5为主辐射体，所述第二辐射体6为辅助辐射体。所述电磁器件为对天线性能有衰减和射频干扰的器件。所述第一辐射体5与所述第二辐射体6间隔设置，即所述第一辐射体5与所述第二辐射体6之间形成间隙，此间隙形成容性耦合，可以将第一辐射体5的天线能量的一部分耦合至所述第二辐射体6，间隙的具体大小可以根据具体情况进行调整。
进一步的，所述第一辐射体5与所述第二辐射体6之间的容性耦合小于第一阈值，在所述目标频段内，所述第二辐射体6的史密斯圆图中无椭圆、圆形圈或折线段，或者包围所述第二辐射体6在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径小于包围所述第一辐射体5在史密斯圆图中阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径的五分之一。
具体的，如果第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6之间的容性耦合小于第一阈值(所述第一阈值具体可以根据不同的天线结构由实验确定)，要求在目标频段内第二辐射体6不产生阻抗椭圆、圆形圈或折线段，或者产生的阻抗椭圆、圆形圈直径小于第一辐射体5阻抗椭圆、圆形、半椭圆、半圆圈直径的五分之一，最佳情况时的天线驻波比图中表现为很窄带或者微小凸起，或者仅仅是曲线不平滑(如折线段)的特定驻波，且此特定驻波的位置可以在目标频带内或非目标频段内的任意位置，不做具体限制。
具体的，例如：如图2所示，虚线圆圈S2包围的实线部分为第二辐射体6的阻抗曲线，将虚线圆圈S2缩小至能够包围第二辐射体6的阻抗曲线的尺寸，即缩小后的虚线圆圈S2与阻抗曲线有一个相切点(即缩小后的虚线圆圈S2与阻抗曲线至少有三个交点，且阻抗曲线不会超出该最小圆)，即缩小后的虚线圆圈S2为包围所述第二辐射体6在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆，第二辐射体6的阻抗曲线并不会超出这个最小圆。同理，缩小后的包围曲线 S1的圆圈(未画出)刚好包裹整个曲线S1，即缩小后的包围曲线S1的圆圈为包围所述第一辐射体5在史密斯圆图中阻抗曲线的最小圆。
进一步的，所述第一辐射体5与所述第二辐射体6之间的容性耦合大于或等于所述第一阈值，在非目标频段内，包围所述第二辐射体6在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径大于包围所述第一辐射体5在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径的五分之一。
具体的，如果第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6之间的容性耦合大于第一阈值，要求在非目标频段内第二辐射体6产生的椭圆、圆形圈或类圆形等形状的阻抗曲线，被包围在第一圆圈中。第一圆圈刚好能够包裹在非目标频段内第二辐射体6产生的阻抗曲线。在非目标频段内第一辐射体5在史密斯圆图中产生的椭圆、圆形、半椭圆或半圆圈等类圆形阻抗曲线，并被包围在第二圆圈中。第二圆圈能够包裹该阻抗曲线。第一圆圈直径大于第二圆圈直径的五分之一。最佳情况时天线驻波比图中表现为宽带的驻波，且此宽带驻波的位置可以在非目标频带内的任意位置，不做具体限制。
具体的，例如：如图4所示，虚线圆圈S7包围的实线部分为第二辐射体6的阻抗曲线，将虚线圆圈S7缩小至能够刚好包裹第二辐射体6的阻抗曲线，即缩小后的虚线圆圈S7与阻抗曲线有一个相切点(即缩小后的虚线圆圈S7与阻抗曲线至少有三个相交点)，即缩小后的虚线圆圈S7为包裹所述第二辐射体6在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆。同理，缩小后的包围在曲线S6的圆圈(未画出)刚好包裹整个曲线S6，即缩小后的包围曲线S6的圆圈为包围所述第一辐射体5在史密斯圆图中阻抗曲线的最小圆。
具体的，第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6之间的耦合关系需满足以下几种情况：
情况1：第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6之间的间隙很大，比如大于3mm，此时第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6之间的容性耦合较弱，此时第一辐射体5在目标频段内产生共振模态并分布有主要电流路径，而第二辐射体6可以在目标频段内或者非目标频段内产生很弱或者没有明显的共振模态，此时属于弱共振现象并分布有较弱的电流路径，因为耦合间隙大导致耦合到的天线能量较少。如图2所示，馈源4处的天线阻抗表现为S1，且天线阻抗S1在图2 中的具体位置会随着天线形式的不同有很大差异，不做具体限制；第二辐射体6在图2中的目标频带内或是非目标频段表现为很小的圈形(如圆圈或椭圆圈)或者没有圈而是曲线不平滑(如折线段)的特定阻抗，且此特定阻抗在图中的具体位置会随着天线形式的不同有很大差异，如图2中的曲线S2，不做具体限制；S3为驻波比等于3的阻抗圆圈。
如图3所示，a为目标频段，曲线S1相对应的天线驻波比图中表现为S4，曲线S2相对应的天线驻波比图中表现为很窄带或者微小凸起或者仅仅是曲线不平滑(如折线段)的特定驻波，且此特定驻波的位置可以在目标频带内或非目标频段内的任意位置，如图3中的曲线S5，不做具体限制；此特定的驻波无论是在目标频段内或非目标频段内，由于带宽太窄，对拓展天线带宽并没有实际意义。此外，第二辐射体6产生的很弱共振模态由非目标频段靠近目标频段时，天线性能提高。
情况2：第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6之间的间隙较小，如小于或等于3mm，此时第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6之间的容性耦合较强。此时第一辐射体5在目标频段内产生明显的共振模态并分布有主要电流路径，需要通过调节第二辐射体6的长度，使得第二辐射体6在目标频段内不共振，而在非目标工作频带内产生了强共振现象，此时第二辐射体6在目标频段内不共振且仍分布有较弱的电流路径。虽然耦合间隙小使得耦合加强，但相对现有技术的耦合馈电，第二辐射体6在目标频段得到的能量仍较少。此时，馈源4处的天线阻抗表现如图4中S6，且天线阻抗S6在图4中的具体位置会随着天线形式的不同有很大差异，不做具体限制；第二辐射体6在图4中的非目标频带内表现为很大的圈形(如圆圈或椭圆圈等)，且在图4中的具体位置会随着天线形式的不同有很大差异，如图4中的曲线S7，不做具体限制；S8为驻波比等于3的阻抗圆圈。
如图5所示，b为目标频段，曲线S6相对应的天线驻波比图中表现为S9，曲线S7相对应的天线驻波比图中表现为很宽带的驻波且此宽带驻波的位置可以在非目标频带内的任意位置，如图5中的曲线S10，不做具体限制。如图5中的曲线S10，此时附带有拓宽天线带宽的效果；在目标频段能够降低了电磁器件对天线能量的衰减和射频干扰问题，同时增强天线辐射性能；当第二 辐射体6的共振模态为1/4波长的基模(如L形)或者2/4波长的基模(如环形)，且基模的共振频率略高于第一辐射体5时，天线最终性能达到最佳。
进一步的，如图1所示，所述预设面积可以为所述接地板3面积的三分之一。所述预设面积可以根据具体情况进行设定，在此不具体限定。
本发明实施例中，通过第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6间隔设置，所述第二辐射体6与所述边框的第一边框11的距离小于所述第一辐射体5与所述第一边框11的距离，且所述第一辐射体5与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，大于所述第二辐射体6与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，和/或所述第一辐射体5在所述接地板3上的投影区域的面积超过预设面积，可以降低屏幕等电磁器件对天线能量的衰减和射频干扰问题并增强天线辐射性能，提高自由空间条件下天线性能，并提高人体模式下的天线性能。
进一步的，所述电磁器件可以为显示屏2、电池、近距离无线通讯(Near Field Communication，NFC)天线、喇叭、摄像头、受话器、通用串行总线接口或者侧按键等。
其中，所述电池中的石墨导热片和连接电路形成电磁器件，所述NFC天线中的铁氧体和线圈形成电磁器件，所述侧按键为金属侧按键，金属侧按键和连接电路形成电磁器件。
具体的，显示屏2可以为行业常用的液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)、有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)、柔性屏等，不做具体限制。其中LCD屏幕背面可以自带有铁框，用于保护发光板。而柔性屏背面还可以自带大面积的悬浮铜箔，此铜箔一般用于静电释放(Electro-Static Discharge，ESD)防护。LCD或柔性屏背面的铁框或者铜箔由于某些原因不能实现接地至接地板3，则屏幕和铁框或者铜箔一起带来的衰减和干扰会更大，当铁框或铜箔接地但阻抗不稳定时，本发明实施例相对传统方案，接地和不接地对天线性能的影响均明显降低，因此降低了对接地阻抗的要求，即降低工程实践的难度。
进一步的，所述第一辐射体5在目标频段内产生第一电流，所述第二辐射体6在目标频段内产生第二电流，所述第一电流的最大值大于所述第二电流的最大值。
具体的，所述第一辐射体5在目标频段(根据具体情况设定)内产生共振模态并分布有主要电流路径(即所述第一辐射体5在目标频段内产生第一电流)，所述第二辐射体6在目标频段内不产生共振模态或者产生弱共振模态并分布有较弱的电流路径(即所述第二辐射体6在目标频段内产生第二电流)，所述第一电流的峰值电流大于所述第二电流的峰值电流。从原理上说，与传统的耦合馈电至第二辐射体6的方式对比，本发明实施例的第二辐射体6能量将显著降低，而第一辐射体5的能量将提高(即整体天线能量距离电磁器件更远了)，那么电磁器件的吸收衰减将减小。同时第二辐射体6能引导第一辐射体5的天线能量往外辐射，起到增强辐射的作用。需要说明的是，由于第二辐射体6上分布有部分能量，将对第一辐射体5的共振频率产生明显影响，最终两者共同参与辐射，从而降低了电磁器件对天线能量的衰减和射频干扰问题，同时增强天线辐射性能，最终提高了自由空间条件下天线性能，并提高人体模式下的天线性能。
具体的，共振模态：是天线结构本身的固有特性，每一个共振模态具有特定的谐振频率和电流分布形态，信号激励能改变共振模态的激励程度。强共振模态是指共振模态被激励程度良好的情况，具体可表现为此共振模态在目标频段内的最低天线驻波比小于4；弱共振模态是共振模态被激励程度较差的情况，具体可表现为此共振模态在目标频段内的最低天线驻波比大于4。不产生共振模态是指共振模态被激励程度为零或很低的情况，具体可表现为此共振模态在目标频段内的最低天线驻波比大于10。
进一步的，如图1所示，所述电子设备还可以包括：
馈源4，所述馈源4一端连接所述馈电点，另一端与所述接地板3连接。
进一步的，所述电子设备还可以包括：
天线匹配电路，所述第一辐射体5通过所述天线匹配电路与所述馈源4连接。
具体的，所述天线匹配电路的设置可以将天线阻抗匹配至所述馈源4的阻抗，所述天线匹配电路的具体结构在此不做具体限定。
进一步的，如图1所示，所述第二辐射体6为设置在所述第一边框11上的金属导体，所述第二辐射体6上的至少一个连接点与所述接地板3连接。
具体的，如图1所示，所述第二辐射体6可以是第一连接点61和/或第二连接点62接地至所述接地板3的金属导体，第一连接点61和第二连接点62一起接地至所述接地板3时，所述第二辐射体6为环形或者F型金属导体，在此不做具体限定。
进一步的，所述第二辐射体6可以为所述第一边框11，所述第一边框11为金属边框。
具体的，当第二辐射体6通过第一连接点61和第二连接点62两点接地至接地板3时，具体的电子设备的结构形式可以是金属边框(作为第二辐射体6)与接地板3之间形成闭合缝隙天线。第一辐射体5和第二辐射体6的材质均为导电材料，可以是电子设备的壳体1内部或者外表面的柔性电路板、激光直接成型技术(Laser-Direct-structuring，LDS)、不锈钢片、镁/铝合金金属、外轮廓的金属边框等，不做具体限制。另外，第一辐射体5和第二辐射体6的共振模态可以是基模(如1/4或者2/4波长)或2/3/4/5…n等高次模(如2/4、3/4、4/4、5/4…n/4等波长)。
进一步的，当第二辐射体6的共振模态为1/4波长的基模(如L形)或者2/4波长的基模(如环形)，且所述第二辐射体6的基模的共振频率高于所述第一辐射体5的基模的共振频率时，天线最终性能达到最佳。
进一步的，所述第二辐射体6可以为悬空导体，设置于所述壳体1内。
具体的，第二辐射体6可以是悬空导体，所述悬空导体可以为由绝缘介质(如绝缘胶)承载的导体；或者第二辐射体6也可以为包括一个短边和一个长边的L型导体，短边的一侧可以与馈源4连接，以支撑长边的一侧可以悬空，从而进一步提高辐射并减少连接点数量，降低工程实践难度。
进一步的，所述第一辐射体5可以为单极天线、倒F型天线、平面倒F型天线或者环形天线等。
下面通过一具体实施例进行说明：
第一辐射体5位于壳体1的边框的短边的内部上，采用常见的倒F型天线，所述第一辐射体5在所述接地板3上的投影区域的面积超过接地板3的面积的1/3区域；此倒F型天线具有一馈电点和接地点，馈电点连接馈源4，接地点接地至接地板3；第一辐射体5采用行业通用的柔性电路板材料，长X 宽＝13x4mm，整机厚度方向距离接地板3有2mm高度，整机长度方向距离屏幕边沿最短距离有1mm。显示屏2在接地板3的正下方，材料为常见的柔性屏且背面自带有悬浮铜箔，而且此悬浮铜箔因为某些原因并没有接地至接地板3，整个铜箔处于悬浮状态；显示屏2的厚度0.7mm，显示屏2和背面铜箔之间有一整块厚度0.3mm的绝缘泡棉，而背面的铜箔与接地板3之间有另外一整块厚度0.3mm的绝缘泡棉。第二辐射体6位于壳体1的边框的短边的最外表面，直接利用外露的金属边框作为天线载体，金属边框厚度1mm，金属边框内侧与显示屏2之间有一缝隙，缝隙宽度0.7mm，接地板3相对显示屏2在整机长度方向内缩了1mm，即金属边框内侧距离接地板3仅1.7mm，第二辐射体6上的第二连接点62是金属边框直接连接至接地板3，实现接地。金属边框的第一连接点61附近有一个断条，位于断条的一侧的金属边框通过第一连接点61和/或第二连接点62接地，另一侧的金属边框直接接地，从而使得金属边框从第一连接点61附近的断条至第二连接点62之间形成一导电路径，此导电路径的金属边框的长X宽X厚＝9.5x4x1mm。在整机长度方向的同一平面内，第一辐射体5和第二辐射体6做了突出部，突出部之间的间隙约1.2mm，此时符合上述情况2。第一辐射体5在目标频段内(2.5Ghz～2.69Ghz)产生了共振模态(且属于1/4波长共振)并分布有主要电流路径，而第二辐射体6在目标频段内(2.5Ghz～2.69Ghz)不产生共振，虽然辅助辐射体6不共振但分布有较弱的电流路径，由于第二辐射体6分布能量相对较小，所以屏幕吸收带来的衰减和射频干扰较小。同时，第二辐射体6又能引导第一辐射体5的天线能量往外辐射，增强了辐射，最终提升天线性能。而第二辐射体6在非目标工作频带内(3Ghz～3.3Ghz)产生了共振模态(属1/4波长共振)并分布有主要电流路径，属于强共振现象，第二辐射体6上的天线能量将急剧增加，则屏幕吸收带来的衰减和射频干扰也急剧增加，虽然第二辐射体6能引导第一辐射体5的天线能量往外辐射，但屏幕的影响急剧增大，天线性能相对目标频段(2.5Ghz～2.69Ghz)仍然下降，如图6中的A和B，B比A平均低2dB。上述数据仅用于示例，并不具体限定。
例如：如图6所示，在如上述电子设备的空间条件下，目标频段为2.5Ghz～2.65Ghz，曲线1为本实施例的天线效率曲线图，曲线2为在本实施例基础 上缩短第一辐射体5的长度的耦合馈边框天线，使之在目标频段内不产生共振，只实现耦合馈电传输能量的作用，然后改变第二连接点62的接地位置使之加长缝隙长度至目标频段的1/4波长共振，此时第二辐射体6产生了共振模态且共振频率进入目标频段。曲线3为在本实施例基础上去掉第一辐射体5的直馈边框天线，然后利用第二辐射体6作为主辐射体，通过第一连接点61处串联0.5p和5nH的匹配电路直接连接馈源4，即直馈方式，通过改变第二连接点62的接地位置加长缝隙长度至目标频段的1/4波长共振，此时第二辐射体6产生了共振模态且共振频率进入目标频段。曲线4为单平面倒F型天线，指的是在本实施例基础上将第二辐射体6通过多点完好接地，以破坏它的辐射作用，同时第一辐射体5需适当加长天线长度至目标频段的1/4波长共振。对比天线效率可知，在目标频段2.5Ghz～2.65Ghz内，曲线1>曲线2>曲线3>曲线4，此外，实验中还得到屏幕的衰减程度(对比保留和去掉“屏幕及背面铜箔”)，在目标频段2.5Ghz～2.65Ghz内，曲线4(屏幕衰减0.7dB)<曲线1(屏幕衰减1.2dB)<曲线2(屏幕衰减2dB)＝曲线3(屏幕衰减2dB)。需要说明的是，虽然曲线4的屏幕衰减0.7dB属于最小，但由于天线空间远离移动终端的边沿，辐射能力很差，天线效率反而最差，对比曲线1可知，第二辐射体6是可以有效增强辐射的；另外，虽然曲线2相比曲线3的天线性能略高，但其实屏幕衰减两者是一样的，都是2dB，天线性能的提高仅仅是因为耦合馈电相对直馈的差异带来的；而本实施例中需要第一辐射体5和第二辐射体6共同辐射，从而兼顾了降低屏幕衰减和增强辐射的作用，天线性能达到最佳。其中，图6中天线效率的单位为dB，dB与％效率的换算关系为：dB单位的天线效率＝10*lg(％单位的天线效率)。其他类型的显示屏2(其背面没有铜箔或铁框)与柔性屏效果相同，在此不再赘述。
本发明实施例相对于现有技术，利用耦合辐射作用，即第一辐射体5耦合至第二辐射体6以增强辐射，第一辐射体5和第二辐射体6共同参与辐射，且第一主辐射体5和第二辐射体6的天线形式可以有多种结构形式，且共振模态是1/4波长及以上；并且，通过设定第一辐射体5、第二辐射体6、电磁器件、边框的相对关系，使得距离电磁器件更近的第二辐射体6在目标频段内不共振或弱共振，以降低屏电磁器件的影响且同时通过耦合辐射以提供增 强辐射的作用，从而提升了天线性能。
综上所述，本发明实施例中，本发明实施例中，通过第一辐射体5与第二辐射体6间隔设置，所述第二辐射体6与所述边框的第一边框11的距离小于所述第一辐射体5与所述第一边框11的距离，且所述第一辐射体5与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，大于所述第二辐射体6与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，和/或所述第一辐射体5在所述接地板3上的投影区域的面积超过预设面积，可以降低屏幕等电磁器件对天线能量的衰减和射频干扰问题并增强天线辐射性能，且可以降低因电磁器件接地阻抗不稳定所造成的天性性能差异，提高自由空间条件下天线性能，并提高人体模式下的天线性能。
本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可。
尽管已描述了本发明实施例的优选实施例，但本领域内的技术人员一旦得知了基本创造性概念，则可对这些实施例做出另外的变更和修改。所以，所附权利要求意欲解释为包括优选实施例以及落入本发明实施例范围的所有变更和修改。
最后，还需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者终端设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述的是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出对于本技术领域的普通人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述的原理前提下还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电子设备，包括：
    壳体(1)，包括边框；
    电磁器件；
    设置于所述壳体(1)内部的接地板(3)；
    设置于所述壳体(1)内部的第一辐射体(5)，所述第一辐射体(5)设有馈电点；
    与所述第一辐射体(5)间隔设置的第二辐射体(6)，所述第二辐射体(6)与所述边框的第一边框(11)的距离小于所述第一辐射体(5)与所述第一边框(11)的距离；
    所述第一辐射体(5)与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，大于所述第二辐射体(6)与所述电磁器件之间的最短距离，和/或所述第一辐射体(5)在所述接地板(3)上的投影区域的面积超过预设面积。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二辐射体(6)的共振模态为1/4波长的基模或者2/4波长的基模，且所述第二辐射体(6)的基模的共振频率高于所述第一辐射体(5)的基模的共振频率。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一辐射体(5)在目标频段内产生第一电流，所述第二辐射体(6)在目标频段内产生第二电流，所述第一电流的最大值大于所述第二电流的最大值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一辐射体(5)与所述第二辐射体(6)之间的容性耦合小于第一阈值，在所述目标频段内，所述第二辐射体(6)的史密斯圆图中无椭圆、圆形圈或折线段，或者包围所述第二辐射体(6)在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径小于包围所述第一辐射体(5)在史密斯圆图中阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径的五分之一。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一辐射体(5)与所述第二辐射体(6)之间的容性耦合大于或等于所述第一阈值，在非目标频段内，包围所述第二辐射体(6)在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径大于包围所述第一辐射体(5)在史密斯圆图中的阻抗曲线的最小圆的直径的五 分之一。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述预设面积为所述接地板(3)面积的三分之一。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，还包括：
    馈源(4)，所述馈源(4)一端连接所述馈电点，另一端与所述接地板(3)连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电子设备，还包括：
    天线匹配电路，所述第一辐射体(5)通过所述天线匹配电路与所述馈源(4)连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二辐射体(6)为设置在所述第一边框(11)上的金属导体，所述第二辐射体(6)上的至少一个连接点与所述接地板(3)连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二辐射体(6)为所述第一边框(11)，所述第一边框(11)为金属边框。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第二辐射体(6)为悬空导体，设置于所述壳体(1)内。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其中，所述第一辐射体(5)为单极天线、倒F型天线、平面倒F型天线或者环形天线。
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