WO2021149794A1 - フェライト粉末及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
フェライト粉末及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021149794A1 WO2021149794A1 PCT/JP2021/002220 JP2021002220W WO2021149794A1 WO 2021149794 A1 WO2021149794 A1 WO 2021149794A1 JP 2021002220 W JP2021002220 W JP 2021002220W WO 2021149794 A1 WO2021149794 A1 WO 2021149794A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G49/00—Compounds of iron
- C01G49/0018—Mixed oxides or hydroxides
- C01G49/0072—Mixed oxides or hydroxides containing manganese
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- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
- H01F1/342—Oxides
- H01F1/344—Ferrites, e.g. having a cubic spinel structure (X2+O)(Y23+O3), e.g. magnetite Fe3O4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
- H01F1/36—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites in the form of particles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
- H01F1/34—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites
- H01F1/36—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites in the form of particles
- H01F1/37—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials non-metallic substances, e.g. ferrites in the form of particles in a bonding agent
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- C01P2004/32—Spheres
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- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/11—Powder tap density
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- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
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- C01P2006/42—Magnetic properties
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- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/80—Compositional purity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ferrite powder and a method for producing the same.
- Ferrite resin composite materials composed of ferrite powder and resin are widely used in various applications such as electromagnetic wave shielding materials.
- the composite material is produced by kneading ferrite powder as a filler with a resin, and is molded into a shape such as a sheet to form a molded product (composite).
- the shape of the particles constituting the ferrite powder is close to a sphere, the fluidity at the time of molding becomes high, and the filling rate of the ferrite powder in the complex becomes high. Therefore, the moldability can be improved and the characteristics such as electromagnetic wave shielding performance can be improved.
- ferrite powder composed of spherical particles has attracted attention, and it has been proposed to prepare such spherical particles by a thermal spraying method.
- Patent Document 1 International Publication No. 2017/212997
- ferrite particles having an average particle size of 1 to 2000 nm and having a spherical particle shape are provided, and the ferrite particles contain Zn.
- Ferrite particles characterized by having a maximum value in a frequency band of about 1 GHz are disclosed, and granules made of a ferrite raw material are sprayed in the air to be ferrite, and then rapidly cooled and solidified, and then the particle size is within a predetermined range. It is stated that it is manufactured by collecting only the particles inside, and that it can stably shield electromagnetic waves in a wide frequency band that requires shielding when used as an electromagnetic wave shielding material for electronic devices, regardless of frequency. (Patent Document 1, claims 1, [0039] and [0078]).
- Patent Document 2 International Publication No. 2017/169316
- Mn-based ferrite particles having an average particle size of 1 to 2000 nm and having a spherical particle shape have a saturation magnetization of 45 to 95 Am 2.
- Ferrite particles having a particle size of / kg are disclosed, and ferrite raw materials containing Mn and Fe are sprayed in the air to be ferrite, and then rapidly cooled and solidified, and then only particles having a particle size within a predetermined range are recovered. It is described that high saturation magnetization can be obtained and excellent dispersibility in a resin, a solvent or a resin composition can be obtained (Patent Document 2, claim 1, []. 0033] and [089]).
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2016-060682 contains 15 to 30% by weight of ferrite particles having a particle size of less than 11 ⁇ m, and has a volume average particle size of 10 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the powder is disclosed, and the prepared granulated product is jetted in the air to be ferrite, which means that the filling property and moldability when used as a filler are good, and the handling property is excellent and high. Since it is a resistance, it is described that this spherical ferrite powder is used as a resin composition together with a resin, and the molded product that is further molded can be used for various purposes such as an IC sealant for absorbing electromagnetic waves. (Patent Document 3, claim 1, [0058] and [093]).
- Patent Document 4 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2005-015303
- a raw material powder and a treatment agent consisting of at least one of a higher fatty acid or a derivative thereof, a higher hydrocarbon, and a higher alcohol are heated to a predetermined temperature.
- a method for producing a spherical powder is disclosed, which comprises a spherical powder producing step of obtaining a spherical powder by solidifying by moving to the outside (claim 1 of Patent Document 4).
- the ferrite powder may contain a large amount of amorphous particles in addition to the spherical particles. Ferrite powder containing such irregularly shaped particles has a problem that the magnetic property, particularly saturation magnetization is low, and the filler filling rate does not increase when applied to a resin composition.
- ferrite powder consisting of spherical particles containing a carbon-hydrocarbon-oxygen (CHO) -containing compound and having a carbon content limited to a specific range has been found. It was found that the content of irregularly shaped particles can be suppressed, and as a result, a decrease in saturation magnetization and a decrease in filler filling rate can be suppressed. Further, it was found that this ferrite powder has excellent resin curing performance when it is applied to a resin composition.
- CHO carbon-hydrocarbon-oxygen
- the present invention has been completed based on such findings, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ferrite powder having excellent resin curing performance and a method for producing the same, while preventing a decrease in saturation magnetization and a decrease in filler filling rate.
- the present invention includes the following aspects (1) to (5).
- the expression "-" includes the numerical values at both ends thereof. That is, "X to Y” is synonymous with “X or more and Y or less”.
- Ferrite powder composed of spherical ferrite particles.
- the ferrite powder contains 54.0 to 70.0% by mass of iron (Fe) and 3.5 to 18.5% by mass of manganese (Mn), and the average volume particle size thereof is 2.0 to 20.0 ⁇ m.
- Ferrite powder having a carbon content of 0.100% by mass or less.
- a ferrite powder which prevents a decrease in saturation magnetization and a decrease in a filler filling rate and is excellent in curing performance of a resin, and a method for producing the same.
- the present embodiment A specific embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "the present embodiment") will be described.
- the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and various modifications can be made without changing the gist of the present invention.
- the ferrite powder of the present embodiment is composed of spherical ferrite particles. That is, the ferrite powder contains a plurality of spherical ferrite particles. Further, this ferrite powder contains 54.0 to 70.0% by mass of iron (Fe) and 3.5 to 18.5% by mass of manganese (Mn), and the average volume particle size thereof is 2.0 to 20.0 ⁇ m. Is. Further, this ferrite powder has a carbon content of 0.100% by mass or less.
- the moldability and filling property can be improved. That is, spherical particles smoothly avoid contact with other particles during molding. Therefore, the fluidity at the time of molding is improved and the mixture is densely packed.
- particles having an anisotropic shape such as a plate shape or a needle shape are inferior in moldability and filling property.
- an amorphous particle includes an anisotropic particle and is used in comparison with a spherical particle or the like.
- the ferrite powder of this embodiment contains 54.0 to 70.0% by mass of iron (Fe) and 3.5 to 18.5% by mass of manganese (Mn).
- the balance is mainly oxygen (O) and unavoidable impurities, but not limited to.
- This ferrite powder has a composition of manganese (Mn) ferrite.
- manganese (Mn) ferrite does not contain zinc (Zn) in an amount exceeding the unavoidable impurity level. Therefore, it is distinguished from manganese (Mn) -zinc (Zn) ferrite to which zinc (Zn) is positively added.
- the unavoidable impurity is a component that is inevitably mixed in during the manufacturing process, and refers to a component having a content of 5000 ppm or less.
- unavoidable impurities include silicon (Si), aluminum (Al), calcium (Ca), chlorine (Cl), boron (B), zirconium (Zr) and chromium (Cr).
- Manganese (Mn) ferrite has a high magnetic permeability imaginary part ( ⁇ ′′) and tan ⁇ at 100 MHz when the iron content is excessively low or the manganese content is excessively high. Therefore, when the ferrite powder is applied to the resin composition, the saturation magnetic flux density may decrease or the magnetic loss may increase. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the iron (Fe) content is limited to 54.0% by mass or more, and the manganese (Mn) content is limited to 18.5% by mass or less.
- the iron content is preferably 58.0% by mass or more, more preferably 60.0% by mass or more.
- the manganese content is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 9.0% by mass or less.
- the iron (Fe) content is limited to 70.0% by mass or less, and the manganese (Mn) content is limited to 3.5% by mass or more.
- the iron content is preferably 69.0% by mass or less, more preferably 67.0% by mass or less.
- the manganese content is preferably 6.0% by mass or more, more preferably 7.0% by mass or more. The total of iron and manganese does not exceed 73.5% by mass.
- the ferrite powder of this embodiment has an average volumetric particle size (D50) of 2.0 to 20.0 ⁇ m. If the volume average particle size is less than 2.0 ⁇ m, the viscosity of the single substance becomes too high when the ferrite powder is applied to the tree resin composition as a filler. Therefore, the filler filling rate may not be increased.
- the volume average particle size is preferably 2.5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 3.0 ⁇ m or more. On the other hand, if the volume average particle size exceeds 20.0 ⁇ m, the magnetic loss (tan ⁇ ) becomes too large, and the resin composition may not be usable at high frequencies.
- the volume average particle size is preferably 15.0 ⁇ m or less, more preferably 10.0 ⁇ m or less, further preferably 7.0 ⁇ m or less, and particularly preferably 5.0 ⁇ m or less.
- the ferrite powder of this embodiment has a carbon content of 0.100% by mass or less.
- This carbon is a component derived from a carbon-hydrogen-oxygen-containing compound.
- the carbon-hydrogen-oxygen-containing compound is a component mainly derived from a lubricant added during the production of ferrite powder. If the ferrite powder contains an excessively large amount of carbon-hydrogen-oxygen-containing compound, the viscosity of the resin composition before curing may increase or the resin may be cured when the ferrite powder is applied to the resin composition as a filler. May be hindered.
- the carbon-hydrocarbon-oxygen-containing compound derived from the lubricant is a linear compound having no functional group, it does not react directly with the resin, but it is contained in the resin molecule. It is believed that the mixture of the carbon-hydrocarbon-oxygen-containing compounds may increase the viscosity or adversely affect the curing.
- the carbon content is preferably 0.080% by mass or less, more preferably 0.060% by mass or less.
- the lower limit of the carbon content is not particularly limited. However, if the amount of lubricant is excessively small, irregularly shaped particles are likely to be mixed with the ferrite powder. These irregularly shaped particles cause deterioration of magnetic properties and filling property.
- the carbon content is preferably 0.010% by mass or more, more preferably 0.015% by mass or more, and further preferably 0.030% by mass or more. It should be noted that less than 0.010% by weight of carbon is a component derived from a substance other than the lubricant adhering to the ferrite particles.
- the ferrite powder preferably contains carbon-hydrogen-oxygen (CHO) -containing compounds in the ferrite particles contained therein.
- This compound mainly contains carbon (C), hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O), and may be a component consisting only of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. If no lubricant is added during the production of the ferrite powder, the raw material supply in the thermal spraying process becomes unstable. Therefore, when a large amount of raw material passes through the thermal spray flame (frame), spheroidization does not proceed sufficiently, and irregularly shaped particles are mixed in the ferrite powder. As a result, the magnetic properties of the ferrite powder and the filling property of the resin composition are deteriorated.
- CHO carbon-hydrogen-oxygen
- lauric acid By using lauric acid as a lubricant, it is considered that the ferrite powder obtained after thermal spraying contains methyl decanoate.
- the ferrite powder preferably has an average shape coefficient SF-1 of 100 to 110.
- SF-1 is an index of the sphericity of a particle (powder), and is 100 in a perfect sphere, and increases as the distance from the sphere increases.
- SF-1 is more preferably 108 or less, further preferably 105 or less, and particularly preferably 103 or less.
- the average shape coefficient SF-1 of the ferrite powder is obtained by obtaining the shape coefficient SF-1 of each particle for a plurality of ferrite particles and calculating the average value thereof.
- the ferrite particle SF-1 measures the horizontal ferret diameter R (unit: ⁇ m), projected peripheral length L (unit: ⁇ m), and projected area S (unit: ⁇ m 2 ) of the particle, and uses the following equation (1). Therefore, it can be obtained.
- the content ratio of particles having SF-1 larger than 103.6 is preferably 15.0% by number or less, more preferably 10.0% by number or less, and 7. It is more preferably 0 or less, particularly preferably 6.0% or less, and most preferably 5.0% or less.
- the lower limit of the content ratio of the irregularly shaped particles is not particularly limited, but is typically 1.0% by number or more, and more typically 3.0% by number or more.
- the ferrite powder manufacturing method of the present embodiment is as follows: a step of mixing ferrite raw materials to prepare a raw material mixture (raw material mixing step) and a temporary granulation of this raw material mixture for temporary preparation. A step of producing grains (temporary granulation step), a step of tentatively firing the tentative granules to prepare a tentatively fired product (temporary firing step), and a step of crushing the tentatively fired product to produce a temporary baking powder A step of producing (crushing step), a step of adding and mixing 0.5 to 13.0% by mass of a lubricant to the calcined powder to prepare a sprayed raw material (pretreatment step), and spraying the sprayed raw material. This includes a step of producing a sprayed product (spraying step). Details of each step will be described below.
- the ferrite raw materials are mixed to prepare a raw material mixture.
- a known ferrite raw material such as an oxide, a carbonate, a hydroxide and / or a chloride may be used.
- iron oxide (Fe 2 O 3 ), trimanganese tetraoxide (Mn 3 O 4 ), manganese dioxide (Mn O 2 ) and / or manganese carbonate (Mn CO 3 ) can be used as the iron raw material and the manganese raw material.
- the mixing ratio of the raw materials may be such that a ferrite powder having a desired composition can be obtained.
- the raw materials may be mixed using a known mixer, and either dry or wet, or both.
- the obtained raw material mixture is temporarily granulated to prepare a temporarily granulated product.
- the temporary granulation step it is possible to stably and continuously input the raw materials in the temporary firing step described later. This is because the temporary granules are larger in size and have excellent fluidity than the raw materials.
- the raw material mixture slurried may be granulated using a wet granulation machine such as a spray dryer, or a granular raw material mixture may be produced using a dry granulation device such as a rotor compactor. It may be granulated. As a result, it is possible to obtain a temporary granule having a high degree of sphericity and excellent fluidity.
- Temporary baking process The obtained temporarily calcined product is calcined to prepare a calcined product. This promotes the ferrite formation of the raw material mixture.
- the calcination temperature can be 600 to 1300 ° C. Further, the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere may be adjusted between 0 and 21% by volume so as to promote ferrite formation.
- Temporary firing can be performed using a furnace such as a static electric furnace or a rotary kiln.
- the obtained calcined product is crushed to prepare a calcined powder.
- the pulverization may be performed using a known pulverizer, and may be performed by either a dry type or a wet type, or both.
- a media mill such as a bead mill or a rod mill can be used.
- media such as stainless steel, alumina, zirconia and / or steel balls can be used.
- the media size may be properly used for coarse pulverization and fine pulverization so as to have the desired pulverized particle size.
- a step of granulating the temporarily calcined powder (main granulation step) may be provided.
- a granulated product of the calcined powder can be obtained.
- the obtained calcined powder may be dispersed in water to form a slurry, and then the slurry may be granulated with a spray dryer.
- the size of the granulated product is larger than the primary particle size of the calcined powder, and the granulated product has excellent fluidity. Therefore, the supply stability of the raw material can be improved during the thermal spraying step described later.
- a lubricant is added and mixed in an amount of 0.5 to 13.0% by mass with respect to the obtained calcined powder or the granulated product thereof to prepare a thermal spraying raw material.
- a predetermined amount of lubricant By adding a predetermined amount of lubricant, the fluidity of the sprayed raw material becomes more excellent. Even if the amount of lubricant added is excessively large, there is no merit in terms of improving fluidity. Rather, when the ferrite powder is applied to the resin composition as a filler, the problem that the curing of the resin is hindered tends to occur. This is because the carbon content of the ferrite powder becomes excessively high.
- the amount of the lubricant added is preferably 10.0% by mass or less, more preferably 5.0% by mass or less.
- the thermal spraying raw material temporary spray powder
- the thermal spraying raw material is charged into the apparatus in a state where it is not stable in time.
- particles that do not become spheres are likely to be generated due to thermal spraying in a state where the supply amount is excessive.
- Such non-spherical particles have an indefinite shape, and the ferrite formation reaction has not sufficiently proceeded to the inside. Therefore, the obtained ferrite powder contains a large amount of amorphous particles, and its magnetic properties, particularly saturation magnetization, are lowered.
- the amount of the lubricant added is preferably 1.0% by mass or more, more preferably 1.5% by mass.
- the sprayed raw material is a calcined powder granulated product containing a lubricant
- the thermal sprayed raw material is a calcined powder agglomerate containing a lubricant. be.
- the volume average particle size of the sprayed raw material (granulated material and aggregate) is larger than the primary particle size of the calcined powder. Therefore, the fluidity of the thermal spraying raw material is high in the subsequent thermal spraying step.
- the thermal spray material is sprayed to prepare a thermal spray.
- a mixed gas of combustion gas and oxygen total oxygen
- the volume ratio of combustion gas to oxygen (total oxygen) is preferably 1: 3.5 to 1: 10.0, more preferably 1: 5 to 1: 8.0.
- the combustion gas include flammable gases such as propane gas, propylene gas, and acetylene gas, and among them, propane gas can be preferably used.
- the supply amount of the thermal spraying raw material is preferably 3.5 to 20 kg / hour, more preferably 4.5 to 9 kg / hour.
- the supply amount When the supply amount is excessively large, the sprayed raw materials tend to adhere to each other, and it becomes difficult to sufficiently proceed the ferrite formation reaction to the inside of the particles. On the other hand, if the supply amount is excessively small, it causes an increase in manufacturing cost.
- Oxygen used in thermal spraying is also used for the purpose of transporting the raw material to the thermal spray flame. Therefore, it is divided into combustion oxygen directly used for flame and raw material supply oxygen that is burned after the raw material is transported to the central part of the thermal spray source.
- Combustion oxygen: raw material supply oxygen 95: 5 to 89:11 is most preferable.
- the combustion oxygen is 0.85 times or more the capacity required for complete combustion of the combustion gas.
- propane gas it is preferable that there is combustion oxygen having a capacity of 4.25 times or more that of propane gas.
- the combustion gas amount ratio is preferably 1.05 or more and 2.00 or less.
- the combustion gas amount ratio is the ratio of the combustion gas amount (Nm 3 / hour) used for net combustion to the raw material supply amount (kg / hour), and is calculated according to the following equation (2).
- the amount of combustion gas (Nm 3 / hour) used for net combustion is calculated according to the following equation (3) or the following equation (4).
- Nitrogen, oxygen, air, etc. can be used as the transport gas for transporting the thermal sprayed raw material into the flammable gas.
- the flow velocity of the thermal sprayed raw material to be conveyed is preferably 20 to 60 m / sec.
- Thermal spraying is preferably carried out at a temperature of 1000 to 3500 ° C, more preferably 2000 to 3500 ° C.
- the particles ferriteified by thermal spraying are rapidly cooled and solidified in an atmospheric atmosphere, and the particles are recovered by a cyclone or a filter to obtain a thermal sprayed product.
- the obtained sprayed material may be classified.
- the particle size may be adjusted to a desired particle size by using a known method such as wind power classification (air flow classification), mesh classification, and sieve (sieve) classification. It is also possible to separate and recover particles having a large particle size in one step by airflow classification such as cyclone. In this way, a ferrite powder in which the content of irregularly shaped particles is suppressed can be obtained.
- This ferrite powder has a low content ratio of irregularly shaped particles, and can prevent problems such as a decrease in saturation magnetization and a decrease in the filler filling rate. Further, this ferrite powder has a carbon content limited to a specific range, and has an effect of excellent curing performance of the resin.
- Patent Documents 1 to 3 disclose spherical ferrite particles produced by a thermal spraying method, but do not disclose the carbon content.
- Patent Document 4 discloses a manufacturing method in which the raw material powder is treated with a surface treatment agent such as a higher fatty acid, but there is no reference to the carbon content of the obtained powder, and the curing performance of the resin is not recognized. .. Moreover, the production method of Patent Document 4 does not granulate the raw material powder, and it is considered that such a powder is inferior in fluidity at the time of production.
- the ferrite powder of the present embodiment can be applied to a ferrite resin composite material (resin composition).
- the ferrite resin composite material contains a ferrite powder and a resin.
- the resin constituting the composite material examples include epoxy resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin, silicone resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, polyamideimide resin, fluororesin, or a combination thereof.
- the silicone resin may be a modified silicone resin modified with acrylic, urethane, epoxy and / or fluorine or the like.
- the ratio of the ferrite powder to the total solid content in the composite material is preferably 50 to 95% by mass, more preferably 80 to 95% by mass.
- the ratio of the resin to the total solid content in the composite material is preferably 5 to 50% by mass, more preferably 5 to 20% by mass.
- the composite material may contain components other than the ferrite powder and the resin.
- components include solvents, fillers (organic fillers, inorganic fillers), plasticizers, antioxidants, dispersants, colorants such as content, and thermally conductive particles.
- Such a ferrite resin composite material can be applied to an electromagnetic wave shielding material, an electronic material or an electronic component.
- the electromagnetic wave shielding material, the electronic material, or the electronic component may be produced by molding a composite material by a known method.
- the molding method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include compression molding, extrusion molding, injection molding, blow molding, and calendar molding. Further, a method of forming a coating film of a composite material on a substrate may be used.
- the obtained temporarily calcined product was calcined to prepare a calcined product.
- the calcination was performed using a rotary kiln under the conditions of a calcination temperature of 780 ° C. and an air atmosphere.
- the obtained calcined product was crushed using a dry bead mill to prepare a calcined powder.
- the obtained calcined powder had a particle size (primary particle size) of 4.2 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ Main granulation process> Water was added to the obtained calcined powder and pulverized using a wet bead mill to prepare a slurry having a solid content of 50% by mass.
- the particle size (primary particle size) of the pulverized powder in the slurry was 4.2 ⁇ m.
- the slurry was granulated using a spray dryer.
- the average particle size of the obtained granulated product (temporarily baked powder granulated product) was 50 ⁇ m.
- ⁇ Pretreatment process> Lauric acid was added as a lubricant to the obtained granules and mixed using a Henschel mixer. At this time, the amount of the lubricant (lauric acid) added was 15.0 parts by mass (15.0% by mass) with respect to 100.0 parts by mass of the granulated product. As a result, a thermal spraying raw material was obtained.
- Coarse powder was removed from the obtained sprayed material using a sieve, and fine powder was further removed by air flow classification to obtain a ferrite powder composed of ferrite particles.
- Table 1 also shows the production conditions of the ferrite powder.
- Example 2 In the pretreatment step, the ferrite powder was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of lubricant (lauric acid) added was 5.0 parts by mass (5.0% by mass) with respect to 100.0 parts by mass of the granulated product. Fabrication was performed.
- the amount of lubricant lauric acid
- Example 3 In the pretreatment step, the ferrite powder was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of lubricant (lauric acid) added was 3.0 parts by mass (3.0% by mass) with respect to 100.0 parts by mass of the granulated product. Fabrication was performed.
- the amount of lubricant (lauric acid) added was 3.0 parts by mass (3.0% by mass) with respect to 100.0 parts by mass of the granulated product. Fabrication was performed.
- Example 4 In the pretreatment step, the ferrite powder was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of lubricant (lauric acid) added was 1.5 parts by mass (1.5% by mass) with respect to 100.0 parts by mass of the granulated product. Fabrication was performed.
- Example 5 A ferrite powder was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a lubricant (lauric acid) was not added to the granulated product.
- a lubricant lauric acid
- Example 8 A ferrite powder was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the classification conditions in the classification step were changed. In this granulation step, the particle size (primary particle size) of the pulverized powder in the slurry was 4.2 ⁇ m.
- Example 9 A ferrite powder was produced in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the classification conditions in the classification step were changed. In this granulation step, the particle size (primary particle size) of the pulverized powder in the slurry was 4.2 ⁇ m.
- the metal component content of the ferrite powder was measured as follows. First, 0.2 g of a sample (ferrite powder) was weighed, 60 ml of pure water, 20 ml of 1N hydrochloric acid and 20 ml of 1N nitric acid were added thereto, and then heated to prepare an aqueous solution in which the sample was completely dissolved. The obtained aqueous solution was set in an ICP analyzer (Shimadzu Corporation, ICPS-10001V), and the metal component content was measured.
- ICP analyzer Shiadzu Corporation, ICPS-10001V
- the carbon content of the ferrite powder was measured by an infrared absorption method. Specifically, 1 g of the ferrite powder was burned in an oxygen stream to convert carbon contained in the ferrite powder into carbon dioxide. The infrared absorption amount of carbon dioxide was measured using an infrared absorption detector (LECO Japan GK, carbon sulfur analyzer CS200 type), and the carbon content was calculated.
- LECO Japan GK carbon sulfur analyzer CS200 type
- GC-MS ⁇ Analysis of associated carbon-containing compounds
- the accompanying carbon-containing compounds of the ferrite powder were analyzed using a high resolution mass spectrometer GC / MS.
- 5 g of the ferrite powder was weighed, placed in a beaker having an internal volume of 200 ml, 500 ml of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) was further added, and ultrasonic treatment was performed for 5 minutes to extract the organic components associated with the ferrite powder.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- the extracted MEK solution was filtered through a filter, and the obtained filtered solution was used as a test solution.
- the analysis conditions of the high-resolution mass spectrometer GC / MS are shown below.
- the carbon-containing compound was identified as follows. Detection peaks derived from the device and MEK were excluded on the TIC chromatogram using an analyzer (Agilent Technologies, 5973N), and a library search was performed for each of the remaining detection peaks. The compound with the highest library concordance in the mass spectral pattern was identified as the carbon-containing compound associated with the ferrite powder.
- ⁇ Particle size distribution> The particle size distribution of the ferrite powder was measured. First, 10 g of a sample and 80 ml of water were placed in a 100 ml beaker, and 2 drops of sodium hexametaphosphate was added as a dispersant. Then, dispersion was performed using an ultrasonic homogenizer (SMT Co., Ltd., UH-150 type). At this time, the output level of the ultrasonic homogenizer was set to 4, and dispersion was performed for 20 seconds. Then, the bubbles formed on the surface of the peaker were removed and introduced into a laser diffraction type particle size distribution measuring device (Shimadzu Corporation, SALD-7500 nano) for measurement.
- SMT Co., Ltd., UH-150 type an ultrasonic homogenizer
- the 10% diameter (D10), the 50% diameter (volume average particle size, D50) and the 90% diameter (D90) in the volume particle size distribution were determined.
- the measurement conditions were a pump speed of 7, a built-in ultrasonic irradiation time of 30, and a refractive index of 1.70-050i.
- the BET specific surface area of the ferrite powder was measured using a specific surface area measuring device (Mountec Co., Ltd., Macsorb HM model-1208). First, about 10 g of the obtained ferrite powder was placed on a medicine wrapping paper and degassed with a vacuum dryer to confirm that the degree of vacuum was ⁇ 0.1 MPa or less. Then, by heating at 200 ° C. for 2 hours, the water adhering to the particle surface was removed. Approximately 0.5 to 4 g of the water-removed ferrite powder was placed in a standard sample cell dedicated to the measuring device and weighed accurately with a precision balance. Subsequently, the weighed ferrite particles were set in the measuring port of the measuring device and measured. The measurement was performed by the one-point method. The measurement atmosphere was a temperature of 10 to 30 ° C. and a relative humidity of 20 to 80% (no condensation).
- ⁇ Tap density> The tap density of the ferrite powder was measured according to JIS Z 2512-2012 using a USP tap density measuring device (Hosokawa Micron Co., Ltd., Powder Tester PT-X).
- SF-1 The average shape coefficient (SF-1) of the ferrite powder was determined as follows. Ferrite powder was analyzed using a particle image analyzer (Malvern Panasonic, Moforogi G3). At the time of analysis, image analysis is performed for each of 30,000 particles in the powder, and the maximum length (horizontal ferret diameter) R (unit: ⁇ m), projection circumference L (unit: ⁇ m), and projection area S (unit: ⁇ m) are performed. 2 ) was automatically measured. Next, SF-1 was calculated for each particle according to the following formula (1), and the average value thereof was taken as SF-1 of the ferrite powder.
- the magnetic properties (saturation magnetization, residual magnetization and coercive force) of the ferrite powder were measured as follows. First, the sample was packed in a cell having an inner diameter of 5 mm and a height of 2 mm, and set in a vibration sample type magnetic measuring device (Toei Kogyo Co., Ltd., VSM-C7-10A). An applied magnetic field was applied and swept to 5 kOe, then the applied magnetic field was reduced to draw a hysteresis curve. From the obtained curve data, the saturation magnetization ⁇ s, the residual magnetization ⁇ r, and the coercive force Hc of the sample were obtained.
- a vibration sample type magnetic measuring device Toei Kogyo Co., Ltd., VSM-C7-10A
- the magnetic permeability of the ferrite powder was measured using an RF impedance / material analyzer (Agilent Technologies, Inc., E4991A) and a magnetic material measuring electrode (16454A).
- RF impedance / material analyzer Align Technologies, Inc., E4991A
- a magnetic material measuring electrode 16454A.
- the obtained mixture was filled in a die (inner diameter 4.5 mm, outer diameter 13 mm) and pressed with a press machine at a pressure of 40 MPa for 1 minute to obtain a molded product.
- the obtained molded product was heat-cured at 140 ° C. for 2 hours using a hot air dryer to prepare a sample for measurement.
- the obtained measurement sample was set in the RF impedance / material analyzer, and the outer diameter, inner diameter and height of the measurement sample measured in advance were input.
- the measurement was performed with an amplitude of 100 mV, the measurement frequency range of 1 MHz to 3 GHz was swept on a logarithmic scale, the real part ⁇ 'and the imaginary part ⁇ '' of the complex magnetic permeability at the frequency 100 MHz were obtained, and the loss coefficient tan ⁇ was calculated by the following equation (6). Calculated according to.
- ferrite powder was applied to the resin composition and the resin curing performance was evaluated.
- 80 parts by mass of ferrite powder, 18 parts by mass of epoxy resin, and 2 parts by weight of a curing agent were dispersed and mixed using a rotation / revolution type mixer to prepare a resin composition.
- the obtained resin composition was dried at 120 ° C. for 5 minutes.
- the dried resin composition was heated at 180 ° C. to promote curing, and the curing time at which the resin curing degree was 95% or more was determined. Based on the obtained curing time, it was rated as follows.
- the degree of resin curing indicates the degree of progress (reaction rate) of the curing reaction of the resin.
- the resin curability of the unreacted material is 0%
- the resin curability of the post-reaction material is 100%.
- the degree of resin curing was determined using an FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) apparatus. Specifically, the resin was irradiated with infrared rays and transmitted or separated to obtain an FT-IR spectrum, and the progress of the curing reaction of the resin was analyzed using this spectrum.
- FT-IR Fastier transform infrared spectroscopy
- the drying conditions of the resin composition are not limited to the above conditions, and the content ratio of the organic solvent in the resin composition is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less. It should be dried to.
- suitable drying conditions can be appropriately set by a simple experiment. Although it depends on the amount of the organic solvent in the varnish (resin composition), for example, the varnish containing 30 to 60% by mass of the organic solvent can be dried at 50 to 150 ° C. for about 3 to 10 minutes. Further, the measurement of the degree of resin curing is not limited to the one using FT-IR, and a dispersed infrared spectrophotometer or the like may be used.
- the proportion of irregularly shaped particles was as small as 6.2% by number or less, and there was no problem in terms of magnetic properties and magnetic permeability. Furthermore, there was no problem in terms of resin curing performance when applied to the resin composition.
- the samples of Example 3, Example 4, Example 6, Example 7 and Example 9 having a carbon content of 0.012 to 0.060% by mass were more excellent in resin curing performance.
- Example 5 to which no lubricant was added also had excellent resin curing performance.
- the sample of Example 5 did not contain a lubricant at the time of its production, it contained a small amount (0.002% by mass) of carbon. It is speculated that this carbon may be derived from the soot at the time of thermal spraying, but the details are unknown.
- Example 1 the sample of Example 1 in which the amount of lubricant added was 15.0% by mass had a large carbon content (0.200% by mass). This sample has a long resin curing time when applied to a resin composition, and has a problem in terms of resin curing performance.
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Abstract
Description
前記フェライト粉末は、鉄(Fe)54.0~70.0質量%及びマンガン(Mn)3.5~18.5質量%を含有し、その平均体積粒径が2.0~20.0μmであり、炭素含有量が0.100質量%以下である、フェライト粉末。
フェライト原料を混合して原料混合物を作製する工程と、
前記原料混合物を仮造粒して仮造粒物を作製する工程と、
前記仮造粒物を仮焼成して仮焼成物を作製する工程と、
前記仮焼成物を粉砕して仮焼粉を作製する工程と、
前記仮焼粉に対して滑剤を0.5~13.0質量%添加及び混合して溶射原料を作製する工程と、
前記溶射原料を溶射して溶射物を作製する工程と、を含む、方法。
本実施形態のフェライト粉末は真球状フェライト粒子で構成される。すなわちフェライト粉末は複数の真球状フェライト粒子を含む。またこのフェライト粉末は、鉄(Fe)54.0~70.0質量%及びマンガン(Mn)3.5~18.5質量%を含有し、その平均体積粒径が2.0~20.0μmである。さらにこのフェライト粉末は、その炭素含有量が0.100質量%以下である。
本実施形態のフェライト粉末の製造方法は、以下の工程;フェライト原料を混合して原料混合物を作製する工程(原料混合工程)と、この原料混合物を仮造粒して仮造粒物を作製する工程(仮造粒工程)と、この仮造粒物を仮焼成して仮焼成物を作製する工程(仮焼成工程)と、この仮焼成物を粉砕して仮焼粉を作製する工程(粉砕工程)と、この仮焼粉に対して滑剤を0.5~13.0質量%添加及び混合して溶射原料を作製する工程(前処理工程)と、この溶射原料を溶射して溶射物を作製する工程(溶射工程)と、を含む。各工程の詳細について以下に説明する。
まず、フェライト原料を混合して原料混合物を作製する。フェライト原料として、酸化物、炭酸塩、水酸化物及び/又は塩化物などの公知のフェライト原料を使用すればよい。例えば、鉄原料及びマンガン原料として、酸化鉄(Fe2O3)、四酸化三マンガン(Mn3O4)、二酸化マンガン(MnO2)及び/又は炭酸マンガン(MnCO3)などを用いることができる。また、原料の混合割合は、所望組成のフェライト粉末が得られるようにすればよい。原料の混合は、公知の混合機を用いて行えばよく、乾式及び湿式のいずれか一方または両方で行う。
得られた原料混合物を仮造粒して仮造粒物を作製する。仮造粒工程を設けることで、後述する仮焼成工程での原料の投入を安定且つ連続的に行うことができる。仮造粒物は、原料に比べてサイズが大きく、流動性に優れるためである。仮造粒工程では、スプレードライヤー等の湿式造粒機を用いてスラリー化した原料混合物を造粒してもよいし、あるいはローターコンパクター等の乾式造粒装置を用いて顆粒状の原料混合物を造粒してもよい。これにより球形度が高く流動性に優れた仮造粒物を得ることができる。
得られた仮造粒物を仮焼成して仮焼成物を作製する。これにより原料混合物のフェライト化を促進させる。仮焼温度は600~1300℃とすることができる。またフェライト化を促進するように0~21体積%の間で雰囲気中の酸素濃度を調整してもよい。仮焼成は、静置式電気炉やロータリーキルン等の炉を用いて行うことができる。
得られた仮焼成物を粉砕して仮焼粉を作製する。粉砕は、公知の粉砕機を用いて行えばよく、乾式及び湿式のいずれか一方または両方で行う。粉砕は、ビーズミルやロッドミル等のメディアミルを使うことができる。またステンレス、アルミナ、ジルコニア及び/又は鋼球等のメディアを用いることができる。メディアサイズは、目的の粉砕粒径となるように粗粉砕と微粉砕とで使い分ければよい。
必要に応じて、仮焼成粉を造粒する工程(本造粒工程)を設けてもよい。これにより仮焼粉の造粒物が得られる。本造粒工程では、得られた仮焼粉を水に分散してスラリー化した後、スラリーをスプレードライヤーで造粒すればよい。造粒物は、そのサイズが仮焼粉の一次粒子径より大きく、流動性に優れる。そのため後述する溶射工程の際に原料の供給安定性を改善することができる。
次に、得られた仮焼粉又はその造粒物に対して滑剤を0.5~13.0質量%の量で添加及び混合して溶射原料を作製する。所定量の滑剤を添加することで、溶射原料の流動性がより優れたものとなる。滑剤添加量を過度に多くしても、流動性改善の点でのメリットは無い。むしろフェライト粉末をフィラーとして樹脂組成物に適用した際に、樹脂の硬化が阻害されるという問題が発生しやすくなる。これは、フェライト粉末の炭素含有量が過度に高くなるためである。滑剤の添加量は10.0質量%以下が好ましく、5.0質量%以下がより好ましい。一方で滑剤を添加しない場合や滑剤添加量が過度に少ない場合には、溶射原料の流動性が悪くなる。そのため後述する溶射工程で、時間的に安定しない状態で溶射原料(仮焼粉)が装置内に投入される。その結果、供給量が過多な状態で溶射されて、真球にならない粒子が発生しやすくなる。このような真球ではない粒子は不定形状であるとともに、内部にまでフェライト化反応が十分に進行していない。そのため、得られたフェライト粉末は、不定形状粒子を多く含むとともに、その磁気特性、特に飽和磁化が低くなる。滑剤の添加量は1.0質量%以上が好ましく、1.5質量%がより好ましい。
次に、溶射原料を溶射して溶射物を作製する。溶射では、燃焼ガスと酸素(全酸素)との混合気体を可燃性ガス燃焼炎源として用いることができる。燃焼ガスと酸素(全酸素)との容量比は、1:3.5~1:10.0が好ましく、1:5~1:8.0がより好ましい。これにより、真球度の高い粒子の形成を好適に進めることができる。燃焼ガスとして、プロパンガス、プロピレンガス、アセチレンガス等の可燃性ガスが挙げられ、中でもプロパンガスを好適に用いることができる。また、溶射原料の供給量は、3.5~20kg/時間が好ましく、4.5~9kg/時間がより好ましい。供給量が過度に多い場合には、溶射原料同士が癒着しやすくなるとともに、フェライト化反応を粒子内部にまで十分に進めることが困難となる。一方で、供給量が過度に少ない場合には、製造コスト上昇の原因となる。
必要に応じて、得られた溶射物を分級してもよい。分級では、風力分級(気流分級)、メッシュ分級、ふるい(篩)分級などの公知の手法を用いて、所望の粒径に粒度調整すればよい。なお、サイクロン等の気流分級で粒径の大きい粒子と1つの工程の中で分離して回収することも可能である。このようにして、不定形状粒子の含有が抑えられたフェライト粉末を得ることができる。
本実施形態のフェライト粉末をフェライト樹脂複合材料(樹脂組成物)に適用することができる。フェライト樹脂複合材料はフェライト粉末と樹脂とを含む。本実施形態のフェライト粉末を用いることで、フィラー充填率が高く、磁気特性(飽和磁束密度、磁気損失等)に優れ、さらに樹脂の硬化性能に優れた複合材料を得ることができる。
[例1]
<原料混合工程及び仮造粒工程>
原料として酸化鉄(Fe2O3)と四酸化三マンガン(Mn3O4)とを用い、鉄(Fe)とマンガン(Mn)のモル比がFe:Mn=8:1となるように原料の秤量及び混合を行った。得られた混合物に水を加えて湿式ビーズミルを用いて粉砕し、固形分50質量%のスラリーを作製した。次にスプレードライヤーを用いてスラリーを造粒して仮造粒物を作製した。
得られた仮造粒物を仮焼成して仮焼成物を作製した。仮焼成は、仮焼成温度780℃、大気雰囲気の条件下でロータリーキルンを用いて行った。次に得られた仮焼成物を、乾式ビーズミルを用いて粉砕して仮焼粉を作製した。得られた仮焼粉は、その粒径(一次粒径)が4.2μmであった。
得られた仮焼粉に水を加えて湿式ビーズミルを用いて粉砕し、固形分50質量%のスラリーを作製した。スラリー中の粉砕粉の粒径(一次粒径)は4.2μmであった。次にスプレードライヤーを用いてスラリーを造粒した。得られた造粒物(仮焼粉造粒物)の平均粒径は50μmであった。
得られた造粒物に滑剤としてラウリン酸を添加し、ヘンシェルミキサーを用いて混合した。この際、造粒物100.0質量部に対して滑剤(ラウリン酸)添加量を15.0質量部(15.0質量%)とした。これにより溶射原料を得た。
滑剤を加えた造粒物(溶射原料)を可燃性ガス燃焼炎中で溶射及び急冷した。溶射の際、プロパンガス流量と全酸素流量の比を1:5.42とし、原料供給速度を燃焼ガス量比で1.13とした。続いて冷却した粒子を気流の下流側に設けたサイクロンによって回収して溶射物を得た。この時、燃焼酸素:原料供給酸素=89.5:10.5とした。
得られた溶射物から篩を用いて粗粉を取り除き、さらに気流分級により微粉を除去して、フェライト粒子からなるフェライト粉末を得た。なお、フェライト粉末の製造条件を表1にも示す。
前処理工程で、造粒物100.0質量部に対して滑剤(ラウリン酸)添加量を5.0質量部(5.0質量%)とした以外は、例1と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。
前処理工程で、造粒物100.0質量部に対して滑剤(ラウリン酸)添加量を3.0質量部(3.0質量%)とした以外は、例1と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。
前処理工程で、造粒物100.0質量部に対して滑剤(ラウリン酸)添加量を1.5質量部(1.5質量%)とした以外は、例1と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。
造粒物に滑剤(ラウリン酸)を添加しなかった以外は、例1と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。
混合粉砕工程で、鉄(Fe)とマンガン(Mn)のモル比がFe:Mn=3:1となるように秤量及び混合を行った以外は、例4と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。本造粒工程でスラリー中粉砕粉の粒径(一次粒径)は4.7μmであった。
混合粉砕工程で、鉄(Fe)とマンガン(Mn)のモル比がFe:Mn=14:1となるように秤量及び混合を行った以外は、例4と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。本造粒工程でスラリー中粉砕粉の粒径(一次粒径)は3.9μmであった。
分級工程での分級条件を変えた以外は、例4と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。本造粒工程でスラリー中粉砕粉の粒径(一次粒径)は4.2μmであった。
分級工程での分級条件を変えた以外は、例4と同様にしてフェライト粉末の作製を行った。本造粒工程でスラリー中粉砕粉の粒径(一次粒径)は4.2μmであった。
例1~例9のフェライト粉末について、以下に示す評価を行った。
フェライト粉末の金属成分含有量を、次のようにして測定した。まず、試料(フェライト粉末)0.2gを秤量し、これに純水60mlと1Nの塩酸20ml及び1Nの硝酸20mlを加えた後に加熱して、試料を完全溶解させた水溶液を準備した。得られた水溶液をICP分析装置(株式会社島津製作所、ICPS-10001V)にセットし、金属成分含有量を測定した。
フェライト粉末の炭素含有量を赤外線吸収法で測定した。具体的にはフェライト粉末1gを酸素気流中で燃焼させて、フェライト粉末に含まれる炭素を二酸化炭素に変えた。赤外線吸収検出器(LECOジャパン合同会社、炭素硫黄分析装置CS200型)を用いて二酸化炭素の赤外吸収量を測定し、炭素含有量を算出した。
フェライト粉末の付随炭素含有化合物を高分解能質量分析計GC/MSを用いて分析した。フェライト粉末5gを秤量し、内容積200mlのビーカーに入れ、さらにメチルエチルケトン(MEK)500mlを加え、超音波処理を5分間施してフェライト粉末に付随する有機成分を抽出した。抽出したMEK溶液をフィルター濾過し、得られた濾過液を検液とした。高分解能質量分析計GC/MSの分析条件を以下に示す。
‐ 質量分析計:Agilent Technologies,5973N
‐ カラム:Agilent Technologies,DB.5MS(膜厚0.25μm)
‐ 加熱導入装置:Parkin Elmer,TurboMatrix 650ATD
‐ 温度条件:50℃(2分)→280℃(18分)
‐ 昇温速度:20℃/分
‐ キャリアガス流量:ヘリウム1ml/分
‐ 注入法:スプリットレス0.5分
‐ 注入口温度:280℃
‐ インターフェイス:280℃
‐ 測定質量範囲:m/z 29~600
‐ 注入量:1μl
フェライト粉末の粒度分布を測定した。まず、試料10g及び水80mlを100mlのビーカーに入れ、分散剤としてヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウムを2滴添加した。次いで、超音波ホモジナイザー(株式会社エスエムテー、UH-150型)を用いて分散を行った。このとき、超音波ホモジナイザーの出力レベルを4に設定し、20秒間の分散を行った。その後、ピーカー表面にできた泡を取り除き、レーザー回折式粒度分布測定装置(島津製作所株式会社、SALD-7500nano)に導入して測定を行った。この測定により、体積粒度分布における10%径(D10)、50%径(体積平均粒径、D50)及び90%径(D90)を求めた。ここで、測定条件は、ポンプスピード7、内蔵超音波照射時間30、屈折率1.70-050iとした。
フェライト粉末のBET比表面積を、比表面積測定装置(株式会社マウンテック、Macsorb HM model-1208)を用いて測定した。まず、得られたフェライト粉末約10gを薬包紙に載せ、真空乾燥機で脱気して真空度が-0.1MPa以下であることを確認した。その後、200℃で2時間加熱することにより、粒子表面に付着している水分を除去した。水分除去したフェライト粉末を測定装置専用の標準サンプルセルに約0.5~4g入れ、精密天秤で正確に秤量した。続いて、秤量したフェライト粒子を測定装置の測定ポートにセットして測定を行った。測定は1点法で行った。測定雰囲気は、温度10~30℃、相対湿度20~80%(結露なし)とした。
フェライト粉末のタップ密度を、USPタップ密度測定装置(ホソカワミクロン株式会社、パウダテスタPT-X)を用いて、JIS Z 2512-2012に準拠して測定した。
フェライト粉末の平均形状係数(SF-1)を次のようにして求めた。粒子画像分析装置(Malvern Panalytical社、モフォロギG3)を用いてフェライト粉末を解析した。解析の際には粉末中30000粒子について1粒子ごとの画像解析を行い、最大長(水平フェレ径)R(単位:μm)、投影周囲長L(単位:μm)及び投影面積S(単位:μm2)を自動測定した。次いで、下記式(1)にしたがって各粒子についてのSF-1を算出し、その平均値をフェライト粉末のSF-1とした。
フェライト粉末の磁気特性(飽和磁化、残留磁化及び保磁力)を、次のようにして測定した。まず内径5mm、高さ2mmのセルに試料を詰めて、振動試料型磁気測定装置(東英工業株式会社、VSM-C7-10A)にセットした。印加磁場を加えて5kOeまで掃引し、次いで印加磁場を減少させて、ヒステリシスカーブを描かせた。得られたカーブのデータより、試料の飽和磁化σs、残留磁化σr及び保磁力Hcを求めた。
フェライト粉末の透磁率を、RFインピーダンス/マテリアル・アナライザ(アジレントテクノロジー株式会社、E4991A)と磁性材料測定電極(16454A)を用いて測定した。まずフェライト粉末9gとバインダー樹脂(Kynar301F:ポリフッ化ビニルデン)1gをポリエチレン製容器(内容量100ml)に入れ、ボールミルを用いて、回転数100rpmの条件で撹拌及び混合を行った。得られた混合物0.6g程度をダイス(内径4.5mm、外径13mm)に充填し、プレス機を用いて40MPaの圧力で1分間の加圧を行って成形体とした。得られた成形体を、熱風乾燥機を用いて140℃で2時間の加熱硬化を行って測定用サンプルとした。得られた測定用サンプルをRFインピーダンス/マテリアル・アナライザにセットし、事前に測定しておいた測定用サンプルの外径、内径及び高さを入力した。測定は振幅100mVとし、測定周波数1MHz~3GHzの範囲を対数スケールで掃引し、周波数100MHzでの複素透磁率の実部μ’及び虚部μ’’を求め、損失係数tanδを下記式(6)にしたがって算出した。
フェライト粉末を樹脂組成物に適用し、樹脂硬化性能を評価した。まずフェライト粉末80質量部とエポキシ系樹脂18質量部と硬化剤2重量部とを自転公転型混合器を用いて分散混合し、樹脂組成物を作製した。得られた樹脂組成物を120℃で5分間の条件で乾燥させた。乾燥後の樹脂組成物を180℃で加熱して硬化を促し、樹脂硬化度が95%以上となる硬化時間を求めた。得られた硬化時間に基づき、以下のように格付けした。
B:硬化時間がStd×2.00以上Std×3.00未満
C:硬化時間がStd×3.00以上
例1~例9について得られた評価結果を表1及び表2に示す。表1及び表2に示されるように、例1~例9では、体積平均粒径(D50)が2.6~7.5μmの、マンガンフェライトの組成を有するフェライト粉末が得られた。このフェライト粉末は真球状粒子を含んでいた。
Claims (5)
- 真球状フェライト粒子で構成されるフェライト粉末であって、
前記フェライト粉末は、鉄(Fe)54.0~70.0質量%及びマンガン(Mn)3.5~18.5質量%を含有し、その平均体積粒径が2.0~20.0μmであり、炭素含有量が0.100質量%以下である、フェライト粉末。 - 前記フェライト粉末は、その平均形状係数SF-1が100~110である、請求項1に記載のフェライト粉末。
- 請求項1又は2に記載のフェライト粉末を製造する方法であって、以下の工程:
フェライト原料を混合して原料混合物を作製する工程と、
前記原料混合物を仮造粒して仮造粒物を作製する工程と、
前記仮造粒物を仮焼成して仮焼成物を作製する工程と、
前記仮焼成物を粉砕して仮焼粉を作製する工程と、
前記仮焼粉に対して滑剤を0.5~13.0質量%添加及び混合して溶射原料を作製する工程と、
前記溶射原料を溶射して溶射物を作製する工程と、を含む、方法。 - 前記滑剤は、一般式:CH3・(CH2)m・COOH(ただし、mは10以上16以下の整数)で表される化合物である、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記溶射原料が造粒物または凝集体であり、前記造粒物または凝集体の体積平均粒径が仮焼粉の一次粒径よりも大きい、請求項3又は4に記載の方法。
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