WO2021155733A1 - 多肽、其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

多肽、其制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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WO2021155733A1
WO2021155733A1 PCT/CN2021/071078 CN2021071078W WO2021155733A1 WO 2021155733 A1 WO2021155733 A1 WO 2021155733A1 CN 2021071078 W CN2021071078 W CN 2021071078W WO 2021155733 A1 WO2021155733 A1 WO 2021155733A1
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polypeptide
coronavirus
amino acid
cov
ncov
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陆路
姜世勃
夏帅
杨霞
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Fudan University
Shanxi Jinbo Bio Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Fudan University
Shanxi Jinbo Bio Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202180001804.1A priority Critical patent/CN113498417B/zh
Priority to KR1020227026958A priority patent/KR102848852B1/ko
Priority to JP2022545338A priority patent/JP7507244B2/ja
Priority to FIEP21749986.2T priority patent/FI4101864T3/fi
Priority to US17/777,567 priority patent/US20220409694A1/en
Priority to EP21749986.2A priority patent/EP4101864B1/en
Publication of WO2021155733A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021155733A1/zh
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    • C12N2770/20033—Use of viral protein as therapeutic agent other than vaccine, e.g. apoptosis inducing or anti-inflammatory

Definitions

  • the present invention belongs to the field of polypeptide medicine, and specifically relates to a polypeptide that inhibits coronavirus.
  • the new coronavirus may have been transmitted to humans by certain animals.
  • the pathogen was quickly identified as a new type of coronavirus, and the World Health Organization named it 2019-nCoV[J.Med.Virol.2020.92,doi:10.1002/jmv.25678]. Subsequently, the International Committee for Classification of Viruses named the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
  • the present invention discloses polypeptides that can inhibit the infection of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Based on the HR1 target in the S2 region of the S protein on 2019-nCoV, the inventor found a polypeptide or polypeptide derivative that can inhibit 2019-nCoV infection alone. They can also have a good inhibitory effect on other coronaviruses that may infect humans, such as SARS-like viruses (Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV). The present invention can provide a good preventive and therapeutic candidate drug for 2019-nCoV that is still circulating at present and SARS-like viruses that may break out in the future.
  • 2019-nCoV novel coronavirus
  • the present invention provides a polypeptide, which is the following polypeptide:
  • a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1;
  • a polypeptide which includes an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acid residues are substituted, deleted, added or inserted in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1, and the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against coronaviruses; or
  • a polypeptide comprising at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 93%, 94% or 95% of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1
  • the same amino acid sequence, and the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against coronavirus.
  • the present invention also provides a fusion protein or conjugate, which comprises the polypeptide of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides nucleic acid, which encodes the polypeptide of the present invention or the fusion protein of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a vector, which comprises the nucleic acid of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a host cell, which comprises the vector of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing the polypeptide or fusion protein of the present invention, which comprises the following steps:
  • the present invention also provides a polypeptide derivative, which is a palmitoylated or cholesterol-modified derivative of the polypeptide described in any one of (1) to (3) below:
  • a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 2;
  • a polypeptide comprising an amino acid sequence in which one or more amino acid residues are substituted, deleted, added or inserted in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 2, and the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against coronaviruses;
  • a polypeptide comprising at least 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 93%, 94% or 95% of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.2.
  • the same amino acid sequence, and the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against coronavirus.
  • palmitoylation or cholesterol modification is performed at the C-terminus of the polypeptide.
  • the polypeptide is connected to the palmitic acid or cholesterol moiety at the C-terminus via a linker.
  • the linker is PEGylated.
  • the linker can be PEGylated with dPEG.
  • the polypeptide is linked to palmitoylated modified lysine or cholesterol modified cysteine via a linker at the C-terminus. That is, the polypeptide is connected to palmitic acid or cholesterol moiety via a linker via lysine or cysteine.
  • the linker comprises (GSG)n or (GSGSG)n, where n can be any integer.
  • n is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
  • the linker is -(GSG)n-DPEG4- or -(GSGSG)n-DPEG4-, where n can be any integer.
  • n is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
  • polypeptide derivative is SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-(GSG)n-DPEG4-K-palmitic acid or
  • n can be any integer.
  • n is 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5.
  • polypeptide derivative is SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-GSG-DPEG4-K-palmitic acid or
  • the invention also provides a composition comprising the polypeptide of the invention and/or the polypeptide derivative of the invention.
  • the composition is a topical formulation. In one embodiment, the composition is a topical smear formulation. In one embodiment, the composition is a topical gel or a topical infiltration formulation.
  • the composition further comprises an agent for inhibiting coronavirus or treating and/or preventing diseases caused by coronavirus.
  • the agent may be selected from the group consisting of fapiravir, nelfinavir, arbidol, lopinavir, ritonavir, darunavir, chloroquine phosphate or remdesivir.
  • the composition includes a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the present invention provides the use of the polypeptide, fusion protein or conjugate, nucleic acid, vector, host cell, polypeptide derivative or composition of the present invention in the preparation of a medicine for inhibiting coronavirus or treating And/or prevent diseases caused by coronavirus.
  • the coronavirus is 2019-nCoV, Rs3367-CoV and/or WIV1-CoV.
  • the dosage form of the drug is a tablet, capsule, dripping pill, aerosol, pill, powder, solution, suspension, emulsion, granule, liposome, transdermal, suppository, or lyophilized Powder injection.
  • the drug is preferably administered by injection, including subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection and intraperitoneal injection, intracisternal injection or infusion, etc., and intracavitary administration, such as via rectum, vagina and tongue.
  • injection including subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection and intraperitoneal injection, intracisternal injection or infusion, etc., and intracavitary administration, such as via rectum, vagina and tongue.
  • respiratory administration such as through the nasal cavity; mucosal administration, or topical administration.
  • the present invention provides a method for inhibiting coronavirus in vitro, which includes applying the polypeptide, fusion protein or conjugate, nucleic acid, vector, host cell, polypeptide derivative or composition of the present invention.
  • the coronavirus is 2019-nCoV, Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV.
  • the disease caused by the coronavirus can be coronavirus pneumonia, especially the new coronavirus pneumonia COVID-19.
  • Figure 1 Sequence analysis diagram of 2019-nCoV and SARS-like virus S protein.
  • Figure 2 Inhibitory activity of peptides on cell-cell fusion mediated by the S protein of 2019-nCoV.
  • Figure 3 Inhibitory activity of peptides on 2019-nCoV pseudovirus.
  • Figure 4 Inhibitory activity of peptides on SARS-CoV pseudovirus.
  • Figure 5 Inhibitory activity of peptides on Rs3367-CoV pseudovirus.
  • Figure 6 Inhibitory activity of polypeptides against WIV1-CoV pseudoviruses.
  • Figure 7 Inhibitory activity of peptides on live 2019-nCoV virus.
  • FIG. 8a-8b 2019-HR2P represents the antiviral mechanism of the polypeptide.
  • Figure 9 pAAV-IRES-EGFP plasmid map.
  • Figure 10 The inhibitory effect of polypeptides EK1 and EK1-chol on SARS-CoV-2 live virus infection.
  • Figure 11 Preventive and therapeutic protective effects of EK1 polypeptide in vivo.
  • Figure 12 Preventive and therapeutic protective effects of EK1-chol polypeptide in vivo.
  • the S protein plays a key role.
  • the S protein can be divided into the S1 subunit and the S2 subunit.
  • the S1 subunit contains two functional domains, the N-terminal domain (NTD) and the receptor binding domain (RBD), both of which are responsible for the binding of the virus to the host cell receptor. They also contain several conformational neutralizing epitopes and are targets for the development of neutralizing antibodies and vaccines.
  • the S2 subunit contains three functional domains, a fusion peptide (FP) and two heptapeptide repeat regions (HR)-HR1 and HR2.
  • FP fusion peptide
  • HR heptapeptide repeat regions
  • the S2 subunit changes its conformation by inserting FP into the host cell membrane, and then the HR1 and HR2 regions form a six-helix bundle (6-HB), causing the viral membrane to fuse with the cell membrane, and the viral genetic material passes through The fusion hole enters the target cell to replicate and produce new virus particles.
  • 6-HB six-helix bundle
  • the polypeptide (SC-1) derived from the HR2 domain of the SARS-CoV S protein can interact with the HR1 region of the virus S protein to form a heterologous 6-HB, thereby inhibiting the homologous 6-HB between the HR1 and HR2 domains
  • peptides with the same mechanism of action have been approved drugs for the treatment of HIV.
  • Enfuvirtide Fuzeon, also known as T20
  • Professor Jiang Shibo is the inventor of the Enfuvirtide drug prototype polypeptide (US Patent No. 5,444,044).
  • the present invention first designed a group of peptide inhibitors targeting this region based on the sequence characteristics of the HR1 target site on the S2 region of the virus and the phenomenon that key amino acid sites are relatively conservative. The experimental results found that these peptides can effectively inhibit the virus's membrane fusion and pseudovirus infection, and have the potential to develop into highly effective anti-2019-nCoV specific drugs. At the same time, we also found that the designed polypeptide can also effectively inhibit a variety of SARS-like viruses from bats. Therefore, the present invention can provide a good preventive and therapeutic candidate drug for the 2019-nCoV that is still circulating and the SARS-like virus that may break out in the future.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a set of peptide entry inhibitors that can inhibit 2019-nCoV and SARS-like virus infections.
  • the peptide entry inhibitor is to bind to the HR1 region in the S2 protein of 2019-nCoV and SARS-like viruses to interfere with the formation of the virus's own six helix, thereby inhibiting the fusion infection process of the virus.
  • the specific sequences of this group of polypeptides are shown in Table 4, or detailed in the polypeptide sequence list.
  • the important innovation of the invention is that the peptides have inhibitory activity against the new outbreak of 2019-nCoV, and the inhibitory activity of some peptides has reached an unexpectedly high level.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a polypeptide or polypeptide derivative that inhibits coronavirus or has an inhibitory function on coronavirus infection. This is achieved by binding to the HR1 region in the S2 protein of the coronavirus.
  • the coronavirus can be 2019-nCoV, SARS-like virus Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV.
  • polypeptide may be a polypeptide comprising SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2 or a variant thereof.
  • the polypeptide may include an amino acid sequence with one or more, preferably 2, 3, 4 or 5 amino acid residues substituted, added, deleted or inserted in the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2.
  • Amino acid addition refers to the addition of amino acids to the C-terminus or N-terminus of an amino acid sequence, such as SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2, as long as the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against coronavirus.
  • Amino acid substitution refers to the replacement of a certain amino acid residue in a certain position of the amino acid sequence, such as SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2, by other amino acid residues, as long as the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against coronavirus.
  • Amino acid insertion refers to the insertion of amino acid residues at appropriate positions in the amino acid sequence such as SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2.
  • the inserted amino acid residues may also be adjacent to each other in whole or in part, or the inserted amino acids are not adjacent to each other. As long as the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against the coronavirus.
  • Amino acid deletion means that 1, 2, or more than 3 amino acids can be deleted from the amino acid sequence, such as SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2, as long as the polypeptide has inhibitory activity against coronavirus.
  • the substitution may be a conservative amino acid substitution, which means that compared with the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1 or 2, 3, preferably 2 amino acids or 1 amino acid are replaced by amino acids with similar or similar properties. And form peptides.
  • conservative variant peptides can be produced according to Table 1 by performing amino acid substitutions.
  • conservative substitutions can be defined in terms of substitutions within the amino acid category reflected in one or more of the following three tables:
  • the Needleman-Wunsch algorithm (Needleman and Wunsch, 1970, J. Mol. Biol. 48:443-453) is used to determine the sequence identity between two amino acid sequences, as shown in the EMBOSS package (EMBOSS: The European Molecular Biology Open Software Suite, Rice, etc., 2000, Trends Genet. 16:276-277), preferably implemented in the Needle program version 5.0.0 or higher.
  • the parameters used are a gap opening penalty of 10, a gap extension penalty of 0.5, and an EBLOSUM62 (EMBOSS version of BLOSUM62) substitution matrix.
  • the output of Needle (obtained with the -nobrief option) marked as "longest identity" is used as the percentage identity and is calculated as follows:
  • the present invention also provides a fusion protein or conjugate comprising the polypeptide of the present invention, such as SEQ ID NO. 1 or 2, as long as the fusion protein or conjugate has the coronavirus inhibitory activity of the polypeptide of the present invention.
  • a fusion protein or conjugate comprising the polypeptide of the present invention, such as SEQ ID NO. 1 or 2, as long as the fusion protein or conjugate has the coronavirus inhibitory activity of the polypeptide of the present invention.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention can be fused or conjugated to another functional moiety directly or indirectly through a linker.
  • Another functional part can be a cholesterol part, palmitic acid part, carrier protein, active protein, marker protein and so on.
  • the polypeptide can be modified by myristoylation, or stearic acid, or palmitic acid, or cholesterol, amidation, or isoprenediolation.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention may be produced synthetically or the polypeptide of the present invention may be expressed by cells.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention can be synthesized by chemical means.
  • the polypeptide of the present invention can be expressed in recombinant cells.
  • the type of cell is not limited, for example, the cell may be a eukaryotic cell or a prokaryotic cell.
  • the eukaryotic cell may be a fungal cell, such as a yeast cell, or an insect cell or a mammalian cell, such as a mouse cell.
  • the prokaryotic cell may be a bacterial cell, such as an E. coli cell.
  • the nucleic acid of the polypeptide of the present invention can be codon optimized according to the host cell used.
  • the nucleic acid can be cloned into a suitable expression vector, and then the expression vector can be introduced into a host cell for expression.
  • the type of expression vector is not limited and is well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the invention also provides a method for preparing the polypeptide or fusion protein.
  • the method includes introducing the expression vector into the host cell, then culturing it in a suitable medium, and then harvesting or isolating the polypeptide or fusion protein in the supernatant, or in the case of intracellular expression, the host cell can be collected, and then the cell Cleavage is performed to collect these polypeptides or fusion proteins.
  • the polypeptide or fusion protein can be linked to a suitable signal peptide. The signal peptide is cleaved or not after harvest.
  • the polypeptides of the present invention can be prepared in the form of derivatives.
  • the polypeptide can be palmitoylated or cholesterol modified.
  • the method of palmitoylation modification or cholesterol modification is well known.
  • palmitoylation or cholesterol modification can be performed at the C-terminus of the polypeptide, so that the polypeptide is linked to palmitic acid or cholesterol moiety at the C-terminus.
  • the connection may be a direct connection or may be connected through a joint.
  • the linker can be (GSG)n or (GSGSG)n, where n can be any integer, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and so on.
  • the linker can be PEGylated.
  • the means of PEGylation modification are known to those skilled in the art.
  • the term PEGylated linker refers to the linker with one or more PEG appended.
  • the PEGylated linker can be PEGylated (GSG)n or (GSGSG)n.
  • n can be any integer, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and so on.
  • DPEG refers to discrete polyethylene glycol. DPEG4 indicates that the number of repeated ethylene glycol residues is 4.
  • the coronavirus can be any kind of coronavirus.
  • the coronavirus is 2019-nCoV, Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV.
  • polypeptides or polypeptide derivatives of the present invention can be used alone or in combination, or in combination with other agents having anti-coronavirus activity or coronavirus inhibitory activity.
  • these agents may be agents that have been reported to have inhibitory activity against coronaviruses or have therapeutic effects against coronavirus diseases, such as coronavirus pneumonia, such as fapilavir, nelfinavir, abidol, and lopina.
  • coronavirus pneumonia such as fapilavir, nelfinavir, abidol, and lopina.
  • the polypeptide or polypeptide derivative of the present invention may include 2019-HR2P, EK1, EK1-plam, and EK1-chol. They can be prepared in the form of a composition for application.
  • the composition may include a suitable carrier, such as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • a suitable carrier such as a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • Such a composition can be used for external use, for example, as an external preparation, a smear preparation for external use, such as a gel for external use or an infiltration preparation for external use.
  • Such compositions can be coated on items that need to inhibit viruses, such as, but not limited to, masks, paper towels, gloves, clothing, such as protective clothing.
  • polypeptides or polypeptide derivatives can be used to inhibit coronavirus in vitro to prevent and/or reduce viral infections.
  • Such polypeptides or polypeptide derivatives can be used to prevent or treat coronavirus infections or diseases caused by coronaviruses in subjects.
  • the polypeptides or polypeptide derivatives of the present invention can also be prepared into medicines or pharmaceutical compositions.
  • Such drugs can be tablets, capsules, dripping pills, aerosols, pills, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules, liposomes, transdermal agents, suppositories, or freeze-dried powder injections.
  • These drugs or pharmaceutical compositions can be applied by various modes of administration, such as injection administration, including subcutaneous injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection and intraperitoneal injection, intracisternal injection or instillation, etc., cavity administration, such as transrectal, vaginal and Sublingual, respiratory administration, such as through the nasal cavity; mucosal administration, or topical administration, etc.
  • the present invention provides a method for preventing or treating a coronavirus infection or a disease caused by a coronavirus in a subject, which comprises administering the polypeptide or polypeptide derivative of the present invention.
  • the present invention also provides polypeptides or polypeptide derivatives for use in preventing or treating coronavirus infections or diseases caused by coronaviruses in subjects.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for preventing or treating a coronavirus infection or a disease caused by a coronavirus in a subject, which comprises administering to the subject/patient the polypeptide, fusion protein or conjugate, nucleic acid, Vector, host cell, polypeptide or polypeptide derivative or composition,
  • coronavirus is 2019-nCoV, Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV.
  • the present invention also relates to a polypeptide, a fusion protein or conjugate, a nucleic acid, a vector, a host cell, a polypeptide or a polypeptide derivative or a composition, which is used to prevent or treat a coronavirus infection in a subject or a disease caused by a coronavirus , Preferably, wherein the coronavirus is 2019-nCoV, Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV.
  • the present invention also relates to polypeptides, fusion proteins or conjugates, nucleic acids, vectors, host cells, polypeptides or polypeptide derivatives used to prevent or treat coronavirus infections or diseases caused by coronaviruses in subjects/patients.
  • the inventors designed three artificial polypeptides derived from the HR2 region by comparing the homology of the HR1 and HR2 sequences in the human infection coronavirus protein, referred to as 2019-HR2P series polypeptides (2019-HR2P, EK1-Plam and EK1-chol) .
  • Table 1 shows the specific sequences and structures of these polypeptides. It was synthesized and purified by Shanghai Jetide Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and its purity was >95%.
  • amino acid sequence of 2019-nCoV-S in pAAV-IRES-EGFP-2019-nCoV-S (the insertion sites are BamHI and XhoI) are as follows:
  • the nucleotide sequence is as follows:
  • pAAV-IRES-EGFP The plasmid map of pAAV-IRES-EGFP is shown in Figure 8.
  • pAAV-IRES-EGFP was purchased from Gilent Technologies, USA.
  • pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-S plasmid pcDNA3.1-Rs3367-CoV-S plasmid, pcDNA3.1-WIV1-CoV-S plasmid and pNL4-3.luc.RE plasmid were donated by Dr. Du Lanying from the New York Blood Center.
  • the restriction sites for inserting 2019-nCoV-S into pcDNA3.1 are BamHI and XhoI.
  • the target cell HuH7 cell expressing the receptor of human coronavirus infection purchased from the cell bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
  • Example 1 Preparation of 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV or Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV pseudovirus.
  • EP tube 1 Two 1.5mL EP tubes were used for transfection, of which 500 ⁇ L 0.9% NaCl solution was added to EP tube 1, which contained 20 ⁇ g of pcDNA3.1-plasmid (or pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-S plasmid or pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-S plasmid or pcDNA3.1-Rs3367-CoV-S plasmid or pcDNA3.1-WIV1-CoV-S plasmid) and pNL4-3.luc.RE plasmid (these plasmids were gifted by Dr. Du Lanying from the New York Blood Center, USA.
  • pcDNA3.1-plasmid or pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-S plasmid or pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-S plasmid or pcDNA3.1-Rs3367-CoV-S plasmid or pcDNA3.1-WIV1-CoV-S plasmid
  • Example 2 Inhibition of cell-cell fusion mediated by human coronavirus S protein (cell-cell fusion)
  • Inhibition rate (number of fused cells in positive wells-number of fused drug wells) / (number of fused cells in positive wells-fused number of negative wells) * 100
  • the 2019-HR2P series of peptides 2019-HR2P, EK1-Plam, EK1-chol and EK1 have a very good inhibitory effect on the cell-cell fusion mediated by the S protein of 2019-nCoV, which preliminarily shows These 2019-HR2P series peptides can inhibit 2019-nCoV.
  • the inhibitory activity of its derivatives EK1-Plam and EK1-chol is significantly enhanced, and the polypeptide 2019-HR2P has considerable inhibitory activity.
  • Example 3 Determination of the inhibitory activity of polypeptides against 2019-nCoV and other coronavirus pseudoviruses
  • Inhibition activity calculation formula: Inhibition rate (virus control hole value-drug hole value) / (virus control hole value-cell hole value) * 100%; where the virus control hole is the hole without drug addition, and the cell hole is without addition Virus hole.
  • 2019-HR2P series peptides The antiviral activity of 2019-HR2P series peptides was tested again on 2019-nCoV or SARS-CoV or Rs3367-CoV or WIV1-CoV pseudovirus system. The results are shown in Figures 3-6 and Table 5.
  • the 2019-HR2P, EK1-Plam, EK1-chol and EK1 polypeptides also exhibited good antiviral activity, and were more consistent with the results of previous cell-cell fusion experiments.
  • the inhibitory activity of EK1-Plam and EK1-chol polypeptides is significantly better than that of EK1 polypeptides, up to about tens of times.
  • Example 4 Determination of the inhibitory activity of polypeptides against 2019-nCoV live virus infection
  • the IC50 of EK1 is 2468nM
  • the IC50 of EK1-Plam is 435.8nM
  • the IC50 of EK1-chol is 36.5nM.
  • 2019-HR2P polypeptide Take 2019-HR2P polypeptide as a representative and EK1 polypeptide as a control to detect the interaction between the polypeptide and the 2019-HR1P polypeptide derived from the 2019-nCoV HR1 region, so as to further explore the antiviral mechanism of 2019-HR2P polypeptide.
  • Non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis N-PAGE. Mix HR1 series peptide 2019-HR1P with HR2 series peptide 2019-HR2P or EK1 (final concentration 30 ⁇ M each), and incubate at 37°C for 30 minutes. Take 5 ⁇ high pH loading buffer and mix it with 4 times the volume of peptide mixture. Then spot the sample (25 ⁇ l per well) in 18% non-denaturing gel (Beijing Tianenze), and conduct electrophoresis at 125V constant voltage for 2 hours at room temperature. Coomassie brilliant blue stain.
  • the individual peptides have a low helical structure.
  • a high helical structure appears. This result is consistent with the CD spectrum of the six-helix core structure.
  • its Tm value indicates its degree of stability.
  • EK1 also showed a similar effect, proving the stability of the system and EK1 also formed a six-helix complex.
  • the present invention finds for the first time that 2019-HR2P series peptides (2019-HR2P, EK1, EK1-Plam and EK1-chol) have good inhibitory activity against 2019-nCoV, and its mechanism of action is through binding to the HR1 region of the virus ,
  • the formation of stable heterologous 6HB prevents the combination of the virus's own HR2 and HR1 trimers, so that they cannot form homologous 6HB, thereby interfering with the fusion between the virus and the cell membrane and blocking virus infection.
  • 2019-HR2P series are peptides (2019-HR2P, EK, EK1-Plam and EK1-chol) against SARS viruses and SARS-like viruses (Rs3367-CoV and WIV1-CoV). It was discovered for the first time that the activity of EK1-Plam and EK1-chol was significantly higher than that of EK1, up to dozens of times.
  • the inventors established a cell-cell fusion system mediated by 2019-nCoV and SARS-like virus S protein to detect that the 2019-HR2P series are mostly peptides (2019-HR2P, EK1-Plam and EK1-chol) pairs
  • the inhibitory activity of the corresponding virus fusion process is shown in Figure 2.
  • Lu Li (Lulu, one of the inventors of this patent) and others constructed a cell-cell fusion system for SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, etc. by co-expressing the S protein of the virus and GFP, and On this recognized system for simulating virus infection, a series of peptide entry inhibitors with better activity have been successfully designed and evaluated. The results were published in Nature Communications and Science Advances.
  • the inventor took the lead in establishing a membrane fusion system mediated by 2019-nCoV S protein in the world, and tested the membrane fusion of the series of peptides invented on 2019-nCoV and SARS-like viruses. Inhibition effect, and the current best active peptide entry inhibitor EK1 as a control (reference: Lu, L., Q. Liu, Y. Zhu, KHChan, L. Qin, Y. Li, Q. Wang, JFChan, L. Du, F. Yu, C. Ma, S. Ye, KYYuen, R. Zhang, and S. Jiang. 2014. Structure-based discovery of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor. Nat Commun 5: 3067.
  • the inventors also used another recognized antiviral drug activity evaluation model—pseudovirus infection model.
  • the inventor took the lead in establishing the 2019-nCoV pseudovirus infection system in the world, and then tested the inhibitory effect of the 2019-HR2P series polypeptide and the control EK1 polypeptide on its pseudovirus.
  • the 2019-HR2P series of peptides show good inhibitory effects on 2019-nCoV pseudoviruses and live viruses, and the inhibitory activity of EK1-Plam and EK1-chol polypeptides is significantly better than that of EK1 polypeptides, up to about 6-120 times (Figure 3 and Table 2). This result is more consistent with the result of the above-mentioned MERS-CoV cell-cell fusion experiment. Similar results were obtained in the SARS virus and SARS-like pseudovirus suppression experiments ( Figures 4, 5, 6 and 7). Negative control 2019-HR1P peptides showed no activity.
  • the polypeptide or polypeptide derivative of the present invention not only shows highly effective anti-2019-nCoV activity, but also, represented by the 2019-HR2P polypeptide, its specific antiviral mechanism has also been clearly displayed.
  • the 2019-HR2P peptide and EK1 peptide can be mixed with 2019-HR1P derived from the 2019-nCoV HR1 region, and a new band is produced, which is a six-helix. Bands.
  • the secondary structure test of the polypeptide showed that when the 2019-HR2P polypeptide and EK1 polypeptide were mixed with 2019-HR1P, a high degree of helical structure appeared. Degree of stability ( Figure 8b).
  • the antiviral mechanism of the 2019-HR2P polypeptide is mainly through binding to the HR1 region of the 2019-nCoV virus, interfering with the formation of 6HB of the virus itself, thereby inhibiting the fusion process of the virus.
  • 2019-HR2P series peptides have good inhibitory activity against 2019-nCoV, SARS virus, and SARS-like viruses. It provides a good preventive and therapeutic candidate drug for the currently circulating 2019-nCoV and the SARS-like virus that may break out in the future.
  • the clear antiviral mechanism of 2019-HR2P polypeptide can ensure the safety of its application and the clarity of the optimization approach, which is convenient for further development in the future.
  • Example 6 Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 live toxicity by EK1 and EK1-chol on the human intestinal cell line CaCO2
  • SARS-CoV-2 can effectively infect human intestinal tissues, so it is of great significance for us to use human intestinal cell lines to evaluate the polypeptides EK1 and EK1-chol.
  • the results are shown in Figure 10. Both EK1 and EK1-chol polypeptides have highly effective inhibitory effects on SARS-CoV-2, and their half inhibitory concentrations are 573.2 nM and 5.5 nM, respectively.
  • Example 7 In vivo protective effect of polypeptide EK1 on transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 live virus
  • Each mouse is challenged with 30,000 pfu (30 ⁇ L);
  • mice On the 4th day after infection, the mice were euthanized, and the viral load of the lungs and intestinal tissues of each group of mice was detected.
  • EK1 polypeptide administered through the respiratory tract nasal drip can significantly reduce the viral load in the lung (A) and intestine (B) of the virus ( Figure 11), indicating that EK1 has a better protective effect in vivo.
  • Example 8 In vivo protective effect of polypeptide on EK1-chol in transgenic mice infected with SARS-CoV-2 live virus
  • Each mouse is challenged with 30,000 pfu (30 ⁇ L);
  • mice On the 4th day after infection, the mice were euthanized, and the viral load of the lungs and intestinal tissues of each group of mice was detected.
  • EK1-chol peptides can significantly reduce the viral load in the lungs (A) and intestines (B) through respiratory nasal drops or therapeutic administration (Figure 12), indicating that EK1-chol has better protection in vivo Effect.

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Abstract

多肽，其包含以SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列，属于生物医药领域，所述多肽可抑制新型冠状病毒2019-nCoV(SARS-CoV-2)及类SARS病毒感染，可为2019-nCoV以及未来有可能爆发的类SARS病毒提供了很好的预防和治疗的候选药物。还还提供了多肽衍生物，其具有棕榈酸或胆固醇修饰。

Description

多肽、其制备方法和用途
本申请要求申请日为2020年02月05日、发明名称为“多肽、其制备方法和用途”、申请号为“202010080751.4”的中国发明专利申请的优先权，该申请通过引用并入本文。
技术领域
本发明属于多肽药物领域，具体涉及抑制冠状病毒的多肽。
背景技术
新型冠状病毒可能是由某种动物传播给人类。该病原体很快被鉴定为一种新型的冠状病毒，世界卫生组织将其命名为2019-nCoV[J.Med.Virol.2020.92,doi:10.1002/jmv.25678]。随后，国际病毒分类委员会将该新型冠状病毒命名为SARS-CoV-2。

[根据细则9.2改正26.02.2021]　
因此，如何有效的防控该病毒的传播，以及研发出特异性药物成为亟待解决的重要任务。
发明内容
本发明公开可对新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV)的感染具有抑制作用的多肽。发明人基于2019-nCoV上S蛋白的S2区域中的HR1靶点，找到了可单独对2019-nCoV的感染产生抑制效果的多肽或多肽衍生物。它们还可以对有可能感染人类的其他冠状病毒，例如类SARS病毒(Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV)同样具有很好的抑制效果。本发明可为目前仍在流行的2019-nCoV以及未来有可能爆发的类SARS病毒提供了很好的预防和治疗的候选药物。
在一方面，本发明提供了多肽，其是以下多肽：
(1)多肽，其包含以SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列；
(2)多肽，其包含在以SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列中取代、缺失、添加或插入1个或多个氨基酸残基的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性；或
(3)多肽，其包含与以SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列具有至少60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％、93％、94％或95％同一性的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性。
在一方面，本发明还提供了融合蛋白或缀合物，其包含本发明的多肽。
在一方面，本发明还提供了核酸，其编码本发明的多肽或本发明的融合蛋白。
在一方面，本发明还提供了载体，其包含本发明的核酸。
在一方面，本发明还提供了宿主细胞，其包含本发明的载体。
在一方面，本发明还提供了制备本发明的多肽或融合蛋白的方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)将根据本发明的载体导入宿主细胞中；
(2)在合适的培养基中培养所述宿主细胞；并且
(3)收获并分离多肽或融合蛋白。
在一方面，本发明还提供了多肽衍生物，其是以下(1)-(3)中任一项所述的多肽的棕榈酰化修饰或胆固醇修饰的衍生物：
(1)多肽，其包含以SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列；
(2)多肽，其包含在以SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列中取代、缺失、添加或插入1个或多个氨基酸残基的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性；或
(3)多肽，其包含与以SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列具有至少60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％、93％、94％或95％同一性的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性。
在一个实施方案中，棕榈酰化修饰或胆固醇修饰在多肽的C端进行。
在一个实施方案中，多肽在C端通过接头与棕榈酸或胆固醇部分连接。
在一个实施方案中，接头是PEG化的。例如，接头可以用dPEG进行PEG化。
在一个实施方案中，多肽在C端通过接头与棕榈酰化修饰的赖氨酸或胆固醇修饰的半胱氨酸连接。也就是说，多肽通过接头经赖氨酸或半胱氨酸与棕榈酸或胆固醇部分连接。
在一个实施方案中，接头包含(GSG)n或(GSGSG)n，其中n可以是任何整数。例如，n为1、2、3、4或5。
在一个实施方案中，接头是-(GSG)n-DPEG4-或-(GSGSG)n-DPEG4-，其中n可以是任何整数。例如，n为1、2、3、4或5。
在一个实施方案中，多肽衍生物是SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-(GSG)n-DPEG4-K-棕榈酸或
SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-(GSGSG)n-DPEG4-C-胆固醇。n可以是任何整数。例如，n为1、2、3、4或5。
在一个实施方案中，多肽衍生物是SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-GSG-DPEG4-K-棕榈酸或
SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-GSGSG-DPEG4-C-胆固醇。
在一方面，本发明还提供了组合物，其包含本发明的多肽和/或本发明的多肽衍生物。
在一个实施方案中，组合物是外用制剂。在一个实施方案中，组合物是外用涂抹制剂。在一个实施方案中，组合物是外用凝胶剂或外用浸润制剂。
在一个实施方案中，组合物还包含用于抑制冠状病毒或治疗和/或预防冠状病毒引起的疾病的药剂。所述药剂可以选自下组：法匹拉韦、奈非那韦、阿比朵尔、洛匹那韦、利托那韦、达芦那韦、磷酸氯喹或瑞德西韦。在一个实施方案中，组合物包含药学可接受的载体。
在一方面，本发明提供了本发明的多肽、融合蛋白或缀合物、核酸、载体、宿主细胞、多肽衍生物或组合物在制备药物中的用途，所述药物用于抑制冠状病毒或治疗和/或预防冠状病毒引起的疾病。
在一个实施方案中，冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV和/或WIV1-CoV。
在一个实施方案中，药物的剂型是片剂、胶囊、滴丸、气雾剂、丸剂、 粉剂、溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、颗粒剂、脂质体、透皮剂、栓剂或冻干粉针剂。
在一个实施方案中，药物优选通过以下方式给药：注射给药，包括皮下注射、静脉注射、肌肉注射和腹腔注射、脑池内注射或灌输等，腔道给药，如经直肠、阴道和舌下，呼吸道给药，如经鼻腔；粘膜给药，或者表面给药。
在一方面，本发明提供了在体外抑制冠状病毒的方法，其包括应用本发明的多肽、融合蛋白或缀合物、核酸、载体、宿主细胞、多肽衍生物或组合物。
在一个实施方案中，冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
在本文中，冠状病毒引起的疾病可以是冠状病毒肺炎，特别是新型冠状病毒肺炎COVID-19。
附图说明
图1：2019-nCoV与类SARS病毒S蛋白序列分析图。
图2：多肽对2019-nCoV的S蛋白所介导的细胞-细胞融合的抑制活性。
图3：多肽对2019-nCoV假病毒的抑制活性。
图4：多肽对SARS-CoV假病毒的抑制活性。
图5：多肽对Rs3367-CoV假病毒的抑制活性。
图6：多肽对WIV1-CoV假病毒的抑制活性。
图7：多肽对2019-nCoV活病毒的抑制活性。
图8a-图8b：2019-HR2P代表多肽抗病毒的作用机制。
图9：pAAV-IRES-EGFP质粒图谱。
图10：多肽EK1、EK1-chol对SARS-CoV-2活毒感染的抑制效果。
图11：EK1多肽体内预防性和治疗性保护效果。A.肺部病毒载量变化；B.肠道病毒载量变化。
图12：EK1-chol多肽体内预防性和治疗性保护效果。A.肺部病毒载量变化；B.肠道病毒载量变化。
具体实施方式
人冠状病毒在侵染靶细胞的过程中，其包膜糖蛋白(S蛋白)发挥着关键作用。S蛋白可分为S1亚单位和S2亚单位，S1亚基包含两个功能域，N末 端结构域(NTD)和受体结合域(RBD)，均负责病毒与宿主细胞受体的结合。它们还含有几种构象型中和表位，是开发中和抗体和疫苗的靶标。S2亚基包含三个功能域，融合肽(FP)和2个七肽重复序列区(HR)-HR1和HR2。S1中的RBD与受体结合后，S2亚基通过将FP插入宿主细胞膜而改变构象，随后HR1和HR2区形成六螺旋束(6-HB)，导致病毒膜与细胞膜融合，病毒的基因物质通过融合孔进入靶细胞内复制产生新的病毒颗粒。S蛋白的S2区域是一个重要的药物设计靶点。源自SARS-CoV S蛋白HR2结构域的多肽(SC-1)可以与病毒S蛋白中的HR1区相互作用形成异源6-HB，从而抑制了HR1和HR2结构域之间同源6-HB的形成，从而阻断了病毒与宿主细胞的融合，但是该多肽的活性非常差(IC50在20μM)，较难成药。而具有相同作用机制的多肽在艾滋病病毒(HIV)的治疗方面已有了获得批准的药物。例如，美国FDA批准的国际上第一个多肽类HIV进入抑制剂--恩夫韦肽(Enfuvirtide，Fuzeon，又称T20)，其目前被用于艾滋病的临床治疗。姜世勃教授(本专利的发明人之一)是恩夫韦肽药物原型多肽的发明人(美国专利号：5,444,044)。
针对当前爆发的2019-nCoV，目前尚未有靶向该病毒的特异性药物，包括针对S2区域的多肽类抑制剂。本发明首先基于该病毒的S2区域上HR1靶点的序列特征及关键氨基酸位点较为保守的这一现象，设计了一组靶向该区域的多肽类抑制剂。实验结果发现，这些多肽可有效的抑制该病毒的膜融合及假病毒感染，非常有潜力开发成为高效的抗2019-nCoV特异性药物。同时，我们还发现所设计的多肽还可有效抑制多种来自蝙蝠的类SARS病毒。因此，本发明可为目前仍在流行的2019-nCoV以及未来有可能爆发的类SARS病毒提供了很好的预防和治疗的候选药物。
本发明的目的是提供一组可对2019-nCoV及类SARS病毒感染具有抑制功能的多肽类进入抑制剂。所述的多肽类进入抑制剂就是与2019-nCoV及类SARS病毒S2蛋白中的HR1区域结合，干扰病毒自身六螺旋的形成过程，从而抑制病毒的融合感染过程。该组多肽的具体序列如表4所示，或详见于多肽序列表中。该发明的重要创新点在于多肽具有对新爆发的2019-nCoV具有抑制活性，有些多肽的抑制活性达到了预料不到的高水平。
本发明的目的之一在于提供抑制冠状病毒或者对冠状病毒感染具有抑制功能的多肽或者多肽衍生物。这通过与冠状病毒S2蛋白中的HR1区域结合 来实现。冠状病毒可以是2019-nCoV、类SARS病毒Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
在本文中，多肽可以是包含SEQ ID NO:1或2的多肽或其变体。
例如，多肽可以包括以SEQ ID NO:1或2所示的氨基酸序列中取代、添加、缺失或插入1个或多个，优选2、3、4或5个氨基酸残基的氨基酸序列。
氨基酸添加指在氨基酸序列，例如SEQ ID NO:1或2的C端或N端添加氨基酸，只要多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性。
氨基酸取代指在氨基酸序列，例如SEQ ID NO:1或2的序列的某个位置的某个氨基酸残基被其他氨基酸残基替代，只要多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性。
氨基酸插入指在氨基酸序列例如SEQ ID NO:1或2的序列的适当位置插入氨基酸残基，插入的氨基酸残基也可以全部或部分彼此相邻，或插入的氨基酸之间都不彼此相邻，只要多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性。
氨基酸缺失指可以从氨基酸序列，例如SEQ ID NO:1或2的序列中删除1、2或3个以上氨基酸，只要多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性。
在本发明中，取代可以是保守氨基酸取代，指与SEQ ID NO:1或2的氨基酸序列相比，有3个，更佳地2个氨基酸或1个氨基酸被性质相似或相近的氨基酸所替换而形成肽。这些保守性变异肽可以根据表1进行氨基酸替换而产生。
在本发明的上下文中，保守取代可以根据以下三个表中的一个或多个中反映的氨基酸类别内的取代来定义：
表1：保守取代的氨基酸残基类别
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000001
表2：备选保守氨基酸残基取代类别
1 A S T
2 D E  
3 N Q  
4 R K  
5 I L M
6 F Y W
表3：氨基酸残基的备选物理和功能分类
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000002
为了本发明的目的，使用Needleman-Wunsch算法(Needleman and Wunsch,1970,J.Mol.Biol.48:443-453)测定两个氨基酸序列之间的序列同一性，如在EMBOSS包(EMBOSS:The European Molecular Biology Open Software Suite,Rice等,2000,Trends Genet.16:276-277)，优选第5.0.0版以上的Needle程序中实施。使用的参数是缺口开放罚分10，缺口延伸罚分0.5和EBLOSUM62(BLOSUM62的EMBOSS版本)替代矩阵。标记为“最长同一性”的Needle的输出(使用-nobrief选项获得)用作百分比同一性，并如下计算：
(相同残基x 100)/(比对长度-比对中的缺口总数)。
本发明还提供了包含本发明的多肽，例如SEQ ID NO.1或2的融合蛋白或缀合物，只要融合蛋白或缀合物具有本发明的多肽的冠状病毒抑制活性。本领域技术人员完全知晓融合蛋白或缀合物的制备方法。例如，本发明的多肽可以直接或者通过接头间接与另一个功能性部分融合或缀合。另一个功能性部分可以是胆固醇部分、棕榈酸部分、载体蛋白、活性蛋白、标记蛋白等等。多肽可以进行豆蔻酰化修饰、或硬脂酸修饰、或棕榈酸修饰、或胆固醇修饰、酰胺化修饰或异戊二醇化修饰。
本发明的多肽可以是合成生成的或者本发明的多肽可以是细胞表达的。例如，可以通过化学手段合成本发明的多肽。或者，可以在重组细胞中表达 本发明的多肽。细胞的类型不受限制，例如细胞可以是真核细胞或者原核细胞。真核细胞可以是真菌细胞，例如酵母细胞，或者昆虫细胞或哺乳动物细胞，例如小鼠细胞。原核细胞可以是细菌细胞，例如大肠杆菌细胞。
本发明的多肽的核酸可以随使用的宿主细胞进行密码子优化。该核酸可以克隆到合适的表达载体中，然后将表达载体导入宿主细胞以进行表达。表达载体的类型不受限制，并且是本领域技术人员公知的。
本发明还提供了多肽或融合蛋白的制备方法。方法包括将表达载体导入宿主细胞中，然后在合适的培养基中进行培养，然后在上清液中收获或分离多肽或融合蛋白，或者在胞内表达的情况下可以收集宿主细胞，然后对细胞进行裂解，从而收集这些多肽或融合蛋白。当多肽或融合蛋白的情况下，多肽或融合蛋白可以与合适的信号肽连接。在收获后切割或不切割所述信号肽。这些技术对于本领域技术人员而言是公知的。
本发明的多肽可以制备成衍生物形式。例如，多肽可以进行棕榈酰化修饰或胆固醇修饰。棕榈酰化修饰或胆固醇修饰的方法是公知的。在一个实施方案中，棕榈酰化修饰或胆固醇修饰可以在多肽的C端进行，使得多肽在C端与棕榈酸或胆固醇部分连接。该连接可以是直接连接或者可以通过接头连接。
接头的种类和长度可以有所变化。例如，接头可以是(GSG)n或(GSGSG)n，其中n可以是任何整数，例如1、2、3、4、5、6等等。
接头可以是PEG化的。PEG化修饰的手段对于本领域技术人员是已知的。如本文中使用，术语PEG化接头是指接头附加有一个或者更多个PEG。在本文中，PEG化接头可以是PEG化的(GSG)n或(GSGSG)n。n可以是任何整数，例如1、2、3、4、5、6等等。
如本文中使用，“DPEG”是指离散聚乙二醇。DPEG4表示重复乙二醇残基的数目为4。
如本文中使用，冠状病毒可以是任何种类的冠状病毒。优选地，冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
本发明的多肽或多肽衍生物可以单独使用或组合使用，或者结合其他具有抗冠状病毒活性或冠状病毒抑制活性的药剂组合使用。例如，这些药剂可以是现有报道对冠状病毒具有抑制活性或对冠状病毒疾病，例如冠状病毒肺炎具有治疗效果的药剂，例如法匹拉韦、奈非那韦、阿比朵尔、洛匹那韦、 利托那韦、磷酸氯喹、达芦那韦或瑞德西韦等等。
在本文中，本发明的多肽或多肽衍生物可以包括2019-HR2P、EK1、EK1-plam和EK1-chol。它们可以制备成组合物形式进行应用。组合物可以包含合适的载体，例如药学可接受的载体。此类组合物可以是外用的，例如用作外用制剂，外用涂抹制剂，例如外用凝胶剂或外用浸润制剂。此类组合物可以涂覆在需要抑制病毒的物品上，例如但不限于口罩、纸巾、手套、衣物，例如防护服等上。或者，可以作为活性成分添加到洗手用品，例如洗手液、沐浴露等中。可以使用此类多肽或多肽衍生物在体外抑制冠状病毒以防止和/或减少病毒感染。可以使用此类多肽或多肽衍生物预防或治疗受试者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病。
本发明的多肽或多肽衍生物也可以制备成药物或药物组合物。此类药物可以是片剂、胶囊、滴丸、气雾剂、丸剂、粉剂、溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、颗粒剂、脂质体、透皮剂、栓剂或冻干粉针剂。可以通过各种施用方式应用这些药物或药物组合物，例如注射给药，包括皮下注射、静脉注射、肌肉注射和腹腔注射、脑池内注射或灌输等，腔道给药，如经直肠、阴道和舌下，呼吸道给药，如经鼻腔；粘膜给药，或者表面给药，等等。
本发明提供了预防或治疗受试者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病的方法，其包括施用本发明的多肽或多肽衍生物。本发明还提供了在预防或治疗受试者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病中使用的多肽或多肽衍生物。
本发明还涉及预防或治疗受试者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病的方法，其包括给受试者/患者施用本发明所述的多肽、融合蛋白或缀合物、核酸、载体、宿主细胞、多肽或多肽衍生物或的组合物，
优选地，其中所述冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
本发明还涉及多肽、融合蛋白或缀合物、核酸、载体、宿主细胞、多肽或多肽衍生物或的组合物，用于预防或治疗受试者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病，优选地，其中所述冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
本发明还涉及用于预防或治疗受试者/患者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病的多肽、融合蛋白或缀合物、核酸、载体、宿主细胞、多肽或多肽衍生物或的组合物，药物组合物，和试剂盒，优选地，其中所述冠状 病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
实施例
本发明通过下述实施例进一步阐明，但任何实施例或其组合不应当理解为对本发明的范围或实施方式的限制。本发明的范围由所附权利要求书限定，结合本说明书和本领域一般常识，本领域普通技术人员可以清楚地明白权利要求书所限定的范围。在不偏离本发明的精神和范围的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对本发明的技术方案进行任何修改或改变，这种修改和改变也包含在本发明的范围内。
实验材料：
多肽：
发明人通过将人感染冠状病毒蛋白中HR1和HR2序列的同源性对比，设计了三条衍生于HR2区域的人工多肽，简称2019-HR2P系列多肽(2019-HR2P，EK1-Plam和EK1-chol)。表1中显示了这些多肽的具体序列和结构。由上海杰肽生物科技有限公司进行合成及纯化，其纯度>95％。
表4、实施例中使用的多肽的具体序列:
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000003
pAAV-IRES-EGFP-2019-nCoV-S中的2019-nCoV-S的氨基酸序列序列(插入酶切位点为BamHI和XhoI)如下：
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000005
核苷酸序列如下：
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000007
pAAV-IRES-EGFP质粒图谱见图8。pAAV-IRES-EGFP购自美国agilent technologies公司。
pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-S质粒，pcDNA3.1-Rs3367-CoV-S质粒，pcDNA3.1-WIV1-CoV-S质粒和pNL4-3.luc.RE质粒由美国纽约血液中心杜兰英博士惠赠。2019-nCoV-S插入pcDNA3.1的酶切位点为BamHI和XhoI。
表达人感染冠状病毒的受体的靶细胞HuH7细胞：购自中科院细胞库
实施例1：2019-nCoV或SARS-CoV或Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV假病毒的制备。
实验方法：
1.转染前24h消化293T细胞，铺板于10cm的组织培养皿中(2×106/dish)；
2.转染前2h给细胞更换预温的新鲜DMEM培养基(含10％FBS)；
3.转染时用两个1.5mL的EP管，其中EP管1中加入500μL 0.9％NaCl溶液，其中含有均为20μg的pcDNA3.1-质粒(或pcDNA3.1-SARS-CoV-S质粒或pcDNA3.1-Rs3367-CoV-S质粒或pcDNA3.1-WIV1-CoV-S质粒)和pNL4-3.luc.RE质粒(这些质粒由美国纽约血液中心杜兰英博士惠赠。相关信息也可以参见文献Xia,S. #,Yan,L. #,Xu,W. #,Agrawal,A.S.,Alsaissi,A.,Tseng,C.T.K.,Wang,Q.,Du,L.,Tan,W.,Wilson,I.A.*,Jiang,S.*,Yang,B.*, Lu,L.*(2019).A pan-coronavirus Fusion Inhibitor Targeting the HR1 Domain of Human Coronavirus Spike.Science Advances.2019 Apr 10；5(4):eaav4580)；EP管2中也加入500μL 0.9％NaCl，再加入染试剂vigofect 10μL，均静置5分钟；
4.将EP管2中的500μL溶液逐滴加入EP管1中，边加入边用枪头混匀，室温放置15min；
5.将上述1mL混合液体逐滴、均匀地加入到先前铺好的293T细胞培养皿中；
6.转染8～10h后，更换10mL含10％FBS的新鲜DMEM培养液；
7. 48h后收集含有假病毒的上清液；
8. 4000rpm离心4min去除细胞碎片，0.45μm无菌过滤器过滤，分装并储存在-80℃备用。
实施例2：抑制人类冠状病毒S蛋白介导的细胞-细胞融合实验(cell-cell fusion)
实验方法：
1.用编码人类冠状病毒S蛋白的质粒转染293T细胞后培养36-48h，作为效应细胞。具体地，使用编码2019-nCoV S蛋白的质粒pAAV-IRES-GFP-2019-nCoV-S转染293T细胞，得到经转染的细胞，称为293T/2019/EGFP细胞。用空载体质粒pAAV-IRES-GFP转染293T细胞转染，得到293T/EGFP细胞，用作阴性对照细胞。
2.将293T/2019/EGFP细胞和293T/EGFP细胞使用0.02％的EDTA消化，离心，使用新鲜的10％FBS的DMEM培养基重悬细胞，并调整细胞浓度至2×10 5个/mL，取出50μL加入到梯度稀释的各种测试多肽药物(50μL)中， 在37℃，孵育30min。不添加药物者用作阳性对照细胞。
3.取100μL细胞/药物混合液加入到已经铺板在96孔板的靶细胞Huh-7上。5％CO2，37℃培养2-4小时，用荧光显微镜的绿色荧光通道观察并记录细胞的融合情况。
抑制活性的计算公式：抑制率＝(阳性孔融合细胞数-药物孔融合数)/(阳性孔融合细胞数-阴性孔融合数)*100
结果与讨论：
如图2所示，2019-HR2P系列多肽2019-HR2P，EK1-Plam、EK1-chol和EK1对2019-nCoV的S蛋白所介导的细胞-细胞融合有很好的抑制效果，从而初步显示了这些2019-HR2P系列多肽可抑制2019-nCoV。对于2019-nCoV的S蛋白所介导的细胞-细胞融合，与EK1相比，其衍生物EK1-Plam和EK1-chol的抑制活性明显增强，并且多肽2019-HR2P具备相当的抑制活性。
实施例3：多肽对2019-nCoV等冠状病毒假病毒的抑制活性测定
实验方法：
1.使用DMSO溶解测试多肽药物并测定多肽浓度。
2.制备表达人感染冠状病毒受体的靶细胞HuH7细胞悬液，调整细胞浓度后每孔中加入10  4个细胞。
3. 96孔板中使用含10％FBS的DMEM培养液2倍梯度稀释多肽药物，每孔50μL。
4.将一定滴度的2019-nCoV或SARS-CoV或Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV假病毒加入药物稀释板中50μL/每孔加入。室温作用30min，使药物与病毒充分作用。每孔中加入药物与病毒混合液100μL加入到去除上清的靶细胞中，37℃培养12h后更换含10％FBS的新鲜DMEM培养基。
5. 72h后测定luciferase，计算制作抑制率曲线，并计算药物的半数抑制浓度(IC50)。
抑制活性的计算公式：抑制率＝(病毒对照孔数值-药物孔数值)/(病毒对照孔数值-细胞孔数值)*100％；其中病毒对照孔为不添加药物的孔，细胞孔为不添加病毒的孔。
结果与讨论：
在2019-nCoV或SARS-CoV或Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV假病毒系统上再次检测2019-HR2P系列多肽的抗病毒活性。结果如图3-6和表5所示，2019-HR2P，EK1-Plam、EK1-chol和EK1多肽同样展现出较好的抗病毒活性，并与先前的细胞-细胞融合实验的结果较为一致。并且，EK1-Plam和EK1-chol多肽抑制活性要明显优于EK1多肽，高达约数十倍。
表5、2019-HR2P系列多肽对多种人冠状病毒假病毒抑制活性:
Figure PCTCN2021071078-appb-000008
实施例4：多肽对2019-nCoV活病毒感染抑制活性的测定
实验方法：
本研究委托中科院武汉病毒所生物安全三级实验室开展，具体方法为：对2019-HR2P，EK1-Plam、EK1-chol和EK1活性的检测采用2019-nCoV活病毒的蚀斑法进行检测。不同浓度的上述各多肽与2019-nCoV活病毒(病毒滴度为100PFU)先孵育30分钟，然后将它们加入到单层的VERO-E6细胞上。在37℃下培养1小时后，除去培养上清。然后加入0.9％的甲基纤维素覆盖细胞。72小时后，对细胞进行染色，观察和计数噬斑数量。抑制活性的计算公式：抑制率＝(病毒对照孔的噬斑数-药物孔噬斑数数)/病毒对照孔噬斑数值*100％。
结果与讨论：
在2019-nCoV活病毒系统上检测2019-HR2P系列多肽的抗病毒活性。结果如图7所示，2019-HR2P，EK1-Plam、EK1-chol和EK1多肽均展现出抗2019-nCoV活病毒的活性，而对照多肽(Control peptide)没有显示出抑制活性。并且，EK1-Plam和EK1-chol多肽抑制活性要明显优于EK1多肽，分别高出5倍和67倍。具体地，在2019-nCoV活病毒系统上，EK1的IC50为2468nM， EK1-Plam的IC50为435.8nM，并且EK1-chol的IC50为36.5nM。
实施例5：HR2多肽抗病毒作用机制的研究
以2019-HR2P多肽为代表，以EK1多肽为对照，检测多肽与衍生于2019-nCoV HR1区域的多肽2019-HR1P之间的相互作用，从而进一步探索2019-HR2P多肽的抗病毒机制。
实验方法：
1、非变性聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳(N-PAGE)。将HR1系列多肽2019-HR1P分别与HR2系列多肽2019-HR2P或EK1混合(终浓度各30μM)，37℃孵育30分钟。取5×高PH值上样缓冲液，与4倍体积的肽混合物混匀。然后点样(每孔25μl)于18％非变性胶中(北京天恩泽)，于室温下125V恒压电泳2小时。考马斯亮蓝染色。
2、圆二色谱测定多肽二级结构。用50mmol/L，pH 7.2的磷酸缓冲液将游离多肽或多肽混合物稀释到终浓度为10μmol/L。使用分光偏振仪(J-815型，Jasco Inc,Japan)测定圆二色谱。检测温度4℃，带宽5.0nm，解析度0.1nm，光径0.1cm，反应时间4.0s，扫描速度50nm/min。在222nm以5℃/min的温度梯度变化监测多肽的热变性。减去缓冲溶液的空白对照来校正谱值。对熔解曲线进行平滑化处理，并用Jasco计算热解离转变的中点温度，即Tm值。
结果与分析：
1.2019-HR2P在与2019-HR1P多肽混合以后，产生了一条可能是六螺旋复合物的新条带(图8a，图注：1，2，3泳道为2019-nCoV-HR1P+2019-nCoV-HR2P；4泳道为2019-nCoV-HR2P；5泳道为2019-nCoV-HR1P)。EK1也显示了类似的效果，证明了系统的稳定及EK1也形成了六螺旋复合物(图8a，图注：6泳道为2019-nCoV-HR1P；7泳道为EK1；8，9，10泳道为EK1+2019-nCoV-HR1P)。
2.单独的多肽为低螺旋结构，当2019-HR2P多肽与2019-HR1P多肽混合后，出现高度的螺旋结构，该结果符合六螺旋核心结构的CD光谱。而其Tm值表示其稳定程度。EK1也显示了类似的效果，证明了系统的稳定及EK1也形成了六螺旋复合物。
讨论
综上可见，本发明首次发现2019-HR2P系列多肽(2019-HR2P，EK1，EK1-Plam和EK1-chol)对2019-nCoV具有较好的抑制活性，其作用机制为通过与病毒的HR1区域结合，形成稳定的异源6HB，阻止了病毒自身的HR2与HR1三聚体结合，使它们不能形成同源6HB，进而干扰病毒与细胞膜之间的融合，阻断病毒感染。并且，还发现2019-HR2P系列多为肽(2019-HR2P，EK，EK1-Plam和EK1-chol)对SARS病毒和类SARS病毒(Rs3367-CoV和WIV1-CoV)均具有很好的活性，其中首次发现EK1-Plam和EK1-chol的活性显著高于EK1，高达数十倍。
在本发明中，发明人通过建立由2019-nCoV和类SARS病毒S蛋白介导的细胞-细胞融合系统来检测2019-HR2P系列多为肽(2019-HR2P，EK1-Plam和EK1-chol)对相应病毒融合过程的抑制活性，如图2所示。在2014年lu l.(陆路，本专利的发明人之一)等人通过将病毒的S蛋白与GFP共表达的方法构建了关于SARS-CoV、MERS-CoV等的细胞-细胞融合系统，并在此公认的模拟病毒感染的系统上，成功地设计并评估了一系列活性较好的多肽类进入抑制剂，该成果发表在Nature子刊Nature Communications和Science子刊Science Advances上。在本发明中，采用相同的方法，发明人在国际上率先建立了2019-nCoV S蛋白介导的膜融合系统，并且分别检测了所发明的系列多肽对2019-nCoV和类SARS病毒的膜融合抑制效果，并以目前活性最好的多肽类进入抑制剂EK1作为对照(参考文献：Lu,L.,Q.Liu,Y.Zhu,K.H.Chan,L.Qin,Y.Li,Q.Wang,J.F.Chan,L.Du,F.Yu,C.Ma,S.Ye,K.Y.Yuen,R.Zhang,and S.Jiang.2014.Structure-based discovery of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus fusion inhibitor.Nat Commun 5:3067.及Xia,S.,Yan,L.,Xu,W.,Agrawal,A.S.,Alsaissi,A.,Tseng,C.T.K.,Wang,Q.,Du,L.,Tan,W.,Wilson,I.A.,Jiang,S.,Yang,B.,Lu,L.A pan-coronavirus Fusion Inhibitor Targeting the HR1 Domain of Human Coronavirus Spike.Science Advances.2019 Apr 10；5(4):eaav4580)。在2019-nCoV的细胞-细胞融合实验中，2019-HR2P系列多肽和EK1多肽都显示了较好的抑制效果，并且EK1-Plam和EK1-chol多肽抑制活性要明显优于EK1多肽，高达约10-100倍(图2)。而阴性对照2019-HR1P多肽均未显示活性。
同时，为了进一步确定本发明的多肽或多肽衍生物的抑制活性。在本发明中，发明人还用到另外一种公认的抗病毒药物活性评价模型—假病毒 感染模型。发明人在国际上率先建立了2019-nCoV假病毒感染系统，随后，检测2019-HR2P系列多肽和对照EK1多肽对其假病毒的抑制效果。如图3所示，2019-HR2P系列多肽显示出对2019-nCoV假病毒和活病毒均有较好的抑制效果，并且EK1-Plam和EK1-chol多肽抑制活性要明显优于EK1多肽，高达约6-120倍(图3及表2)。此结果与上述的MERS-CoV细胞-细胞融合实验结果较为一致。在SARS病毒和类SARS病毒的假病毒抑制实验中，也得到了相似的结果(图4、5、6和7)。而阴性对照2019-HR1P多肽均未显示活性。
本发明的多肽或多肽衍生物不仅显示出高效的抗2019-nCoV的活性，而且以2019-HR2P多肽为代表，其具体的抗病毒机制也得到了明确的展示。如图8a所示的Native Page实验中，2019-HR2P多肽和EK1多肽可以与衍生于2019-nCoV HR1区的2019-HR1P混合后，均产生了一条新的条带，该条带即为六螺旋条带。另外，在多肽的二级结构检测中显示，当2019-HR2P多肽和EK1多肽与2019-HR1P混合后，出现高度的螺旋结构，该结果符合六螺旋核心结构的CD光谱，而其Tm值表示其稳定程度(图8b)。由此可见，2019-HR2P多肽的抗病毒机制主要是通过与2019-nCoV病毒的HR1区域结合，干扰病毒自身6HB的形成，从而抑制病毒的融合进入过程。
综上表明，2019-HR2P系列多肽对2019-nCoV、SARS病毒、类SARS病毒有很好的抑制活性。为目前仍在流行的2019-nCoV以及未来有可能爆发的类SARS病毒提供了很好的预防和治疗的候选药物。并且2019-HR2P多肽清晰的抗病毒机制，可以保证其应用的安全性和优化途径的明确性，便于以后的进一步开发。
实施例6：EK1和EK1-chol在人肠源细胞系CaCO2上对SARS-CoV-2活毒的抑制
(一)、实验方法：
1.本实验在复旦大学P3实验室开展，所用SARS-CoV-2毒株是本实验室分离的nCoV-SH01株；
2.感染前12小时，铺板CaCO2细胞于96孔板中，每孔1万个细胞；
3.用不含血清的DMEM梯度稀释多肽抑制剂，体系为50μL，然后加入50μL病毒稀释液(750pfu/ml)，混合后37℃孵育30min；
4.取100μL病毒/药物混合液加入到已经铺板在96孔板的靶细胞 上，5％CO2，37℃培养48小时；
5.收集每孔上清，定量检测上清中病毒RNA含量，从而检测抑制率。
结果显示：
SARS-CoV-2可以有效感染人体肠道组织，因此我们用人肠源细胞系评估多肽EK1、EK1-chol具有重要意义。结果如图10所示，EK1、EK1-chol多肽对SARS-CoV-2均具有高效抑制效果，其半数抑制浓度分别为573.2nM和5.5nM。
实施例7：多肽EK1对SARS-CoV-2活毒感染的转基因小鼠体内保护效果
(一)、实验方法：
1.本实验在复旦大学P3实验室开展，所用SARS-CoV-2毒株是本实验室分离的nCoV-SH01株；转h-ACE2小鼠购自上海南方模式生物有限公司小鼠品系：Tgtn(CAG-human ACE2-IRES-Luciferase)；
2.每只小鼠攻毒30000pfu(30μL)；
3.攻毒前30分钟；或攻毒后30分钟，通过鼻内途径以200μg EK1/小鼠的剂量给药；
4.感染后第4天对小鼠进行安乐死，检测每组小鼠肺部和肠道组织的病毒载量。
(二)、结果显示：
EK1多肽通过呼吸道滴鼻治疗性给药可以显著降低病毒肺部(A)和肠道(B)的病毒载量(图11)，表明EK1有较好的体内保护效果。
实施例8:多肽对EK1-chol对SARS-CoV-2活毒感染的转基因小鼠体内保护效果
(一)、实验方法：
1.本实验在复旦大学P3实验室开展，所用SARS-CoV-2毒株是本实验室分离的nCoV-SH01株；转h-ACE2小鼠购自上海南方模式生物有限公司小鼠品系：Tgtn(CAG-human ACE2-IRES-Luciferase)；
2.每只小鼠攻毒30000pfu(30μL)；
3.攻毒前30分钟；或攻毒后30分钟，通过鼻内途径以10μg EK1C4/小鼠的剂量给药；
4.感染后第4天对小鼠进行安乐死，检测每组小鼠肺部和肠道组织的病毒载量。
(二)、结果显示：
EK1-chol多肽通过呼吸道滴鼻给药活治疗性给药都可以显著降低病毒肺部(A)和肠道(B)的病毒载量(图12)，表明EK1-chol有较好的体内保护效果。

Claims (13)

  1. 多肽，其是以下多肽：
    (1)多肽，其包含以SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列；
    (2)多肽，其包含在以SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列中取代、缺失、添加或插入1个或多个氨基酸残基的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性；或
    (3)多肽，其包含与以SEQ ID NO.1所示的氨基酸序列具有至少60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％、93％、94％或95％同一性的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性。
  2. 融合蛋白或缀合物，其包含权利要求1的多肽。
  3. 核酸，其编码权利要求1的多肽或权利要求2的融合蛋白。
  4. 载体，其包含权利要求3的核酸。
  5. 宿主细胞，其包含权利要求4的载体。
  6. 制备权利要求1的多肽或权利要求2的融合蛋白的方法，其包括以下步骤：
    (1)将根据权利要求4所述的载体导入宿主细胞中；
    (2)在合适的培养基中培养所述宿主细胞；并且
    (3)收获并分离权利要求1的多肽或权利要求2的融合蛋白。
  7. 多肽衍生物，其是以下(1)-(3)中任一项所述的多肽的棕榈酰化修饰或胆固醇修饰的衍生物：
    (1)多肽，其包含以SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列；
    (2)多肽，其包含在以SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列中取代、缺失、添加或插入1个或多个氨基酸残基的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性；或
    (3)多肽，其包含与以SEQ ID NO.2所示的氨基酸序列具有至少60％、65％、70％、75％、80％、85％、90％、93％、94％或95％同一性的氨基酸序列，且该多肽具有针对冠状病毒的抑制活性；
    优选地，其中所述棕榈酰化修饰或胆固醇修饰在多肽的C端进行；
    优选地，其中多肽在C端通过接头与棕榈酸或胆固醇部分连接；
    优选地，其中所述接头是PEG化的；
    优选地，其中多肽在C端通过接头与棕榈酰化修饰的赖氨酸或胆固醇修 饰的半胱氨酸连接；
    优选地，其中所述接头包含(GSG)n或(GSGSG)n，其中n为1或2，
    优选地，其中接头是-(GSG)n-DPEG4-或-(GSGSG)n-DPEG4-，
    优选地，所述多肽衍生物是SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-(GSG)n-DPEG4-K-棕榈酸或
    SLDQINVTFLDLEYEMKKLEEAIKKLEESYIDLKEL-(GSGSG)n-DPEG4-C-胆固醇，其中n为1或2。
  8. 组合物，其包含权利要求1的多肽和/或权利要求7中所述的多肽或多肽衍生物；优选地，所述组合物是外用制剂，优选外用涂抹制剂，例如外用凝胶剂或外用浸润制剂。
  9. 权利要求8的组合物，其还包含用于抑制冠状病毒或治疗和/或预防冠状病毒引起的疾病的药剂，优选选自下组：法匹拉韦、奈非那韦、阿比朵尔、洛匹那韦、利托那韦、磷酸氯喹、达芦那韦或瑞德西韦；优选地，所述组合物包含药学可接受的载体。
  10. 权利要求1的多肽、权利要求2的融合蛋白或缀合物、权利要求3的核酸、权利要求4的载体、权利要求5的宿主细胞、权利要求7中的多肽或多肽衍生物或权利要求8或9的组合物在制备药物中的用途，所述药物用于抑制冠状病毒或治疗和/或预防冠状病毒引起的疾病，例如冠状病毒肺炎，
    优选地，其中所述冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV；
    优选地，其中所述药物的剂型是片剂、胶囊、滴丸、气雾剂、丸剂、粉剂、溶液剂、混悬剂、乳剂、颗粒剂、脂质体、透皮剂、栓剂或冻干粉针剂；
    优选地，其中所述药物优选通过以下方式给药：注射给药，包括皮下注射、静脉注射、肌肉注射和腹腔注射、脑池内注射或灌输等，腔道给药，如经直肠、阴道和舌下，呼吸道给药，如经鼻腔；粘膜给药，或者表面给药。
  11. 在体外抑制冠状病毒的方法，其包括应用权利要求1的多肽、权利要求2的融合蛋白或缀合物、权利要求3的核酸、权利要求4的载体、权利要求5的宿主细胞、权利要求7中的多肽或多肽衍生物或权利要求8或9的组合物，
    优选地，其中所述冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
  12. 预防或治疗受试者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病的方法，其包括施用权利要求1的多肽、权利要求2的融合蛋白或缀合物、权利要 求3的核酸、权利要求4的载体、权利要求5的宿主细胞、权利要求7中的多肽或多肽衍生物或权利要求8或9的组合物，
    优选地，其中所述冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
  13. 权利要求1的多肽、权利要求2的融合蛋白或缀合物、权利要求3的核酸、权利要求4的载体、权利要求5的宿主细胞、权利要求7中的多肽或多肽衍生物或权利要求8或9的组合物，用于预防或治疗受试者中的冠状病毒感染或由冠状病毒引起的疾病，优选地，其中所述冠状病毒是2019-nCoV、Rs3367-CoV或WIV1-CoV。
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