WO2021164475A1 - 电量检测装置和方法、电子设备 - Google Patents

电量检测装置和方法、电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021164475A1
WO2021164475A1 PCT/CN2021/071673 CN2021071673W WO2021164475A1 WO 2021164475 A1 WO2021164475 A1 WO 2021164475A1 CN 2021071673 W CN2021071673 W CN 2021071673W WO 2021164475 A1 WO2021164475 A1 WO 2021164475A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
equalization
voltage detection
detection pin
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/071673
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑毅成
韩秉权
邱培
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Original Assignee
Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Oppo Mobile Telecommunications Corp Ltd
Priority to EP21757328.6A priority Critical patent/EP4102614A4/en
Publication of WO2021164475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021164475A1/zh
Priority to US17/816,033 priority patent/US20220376316A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4285—Testing apparatus
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
    • G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/94—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery current
    • H02J7/947—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery current in response to integrated charge or discharge current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/96—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/90—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/971—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/975—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of charging technology, in particular to a power detection device and method, and electronic equipment.
  • Electronic equipment is playing an increasingly important role in people's lives, and the development of electronic equipment charging technology is also getting faster and faster.
  • Traditional electronic equipment will be equipped with a fuel gauge IC dedicated to detecting battery power.
  • the fuel gauge IC can also be used to detect battery voltage, current, calculate battery capacity, temperature and current power and other parameters, and can be connected via I2C To the charging management integrated circuit and the processing circuit of the electronic equipment for use.
  • the fuel gauge IC when configured in the electronic device to obtain the battery power information, it is also necessary to configure the corresponding hardware circuit to support it, which increases the number of hardware devices in the electronic device, which will cause device redundancy and high cost.
  • a power detection device and method, and electronic equipment are provided.
  • An electric quantity detection device including:
  • a sampling circuit connected to the battery unit, for collecting the current signal of the battery unit
  • the charge management integrated circuit is configured with a voltage detection pin and a current detection pin, the voltage detection pin is connected to the battery cell, and the current detection pin is connected to the sampling circuit;
  • the charging management integrated circuit is used to obtain voltage information, current information, and power information of the battery cell based on the voltage detection pin detection voltage signal and the current sampling pin detection current signal.
  • a power detection method including:
  • the voltage detection pin and the current detection pin are configured according to the configuration instruction; wherein, the positive current detection pin is connected to the first terminal of the sampling circuit and the positive terminal of the battery cell, and the negative current detection pin is connected to the sampling circuit.
  • the second end of the circuit is connected; the adopting circuit is used to collect the current signal of the battery cell; the voltage signal is detected based on the voltage detection pin and the current signal is detected by the current sampling pin to obtain the battery cell Voltage information, current information, and power information.
  • An electronic device including:
  • a sampling circuit connected to the battery unit, for collecting the current signal of the battery unit
  • the charge management integrated circuit is configured with a voltage detection pin and a current detection pin, the voltage detection pin is connected to the battery cell, and the current detection pin is connected to the sampling circuit;
  • the charging management integrated circuit is configured to detect a voltage signal based on the voltage detection pin and a current signal based on the current sampling pin to obtain voltage information, current information, and power information of the battery cell; a processing circuit, They are respectively connected with the battery unit and the charge management integrated circuit, and are used to receive the current signal, voltage signal and power information output by the charge management integrated circuit, and manage the charge management integrated circuit.
  • the charging management integrated circuit is configured with a voltage detection pin and a current detection pin, and the charging management integrated circuit is used to detect the voltage signal and the current sampling based on the voltage detection pin
  • the pin detects the current signal to obtain the voltage information, current information and power information of the battery cell.
  • the power information of the battery cell can also be obtained, which can simplify the hardware circuit of power detection, and also Reduced costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a power detection device for a single battery in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of an electric quantity detection device with dual batteries connected in series in an embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a structural block diagram of an electric quantity detection device with dual batteries connected in parallel in an embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of a battery power detection device for a single battery in another embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a power detection device with dual batteries connected in series in another embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a structural block diagram of a power detection device with dual batteries connected in parallel in another embodiment
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart of a power detection circuit in an embodiment
  • Fig. 8 is a structural block diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
  • plural means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • severeal means at least one, such as one, two, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
  • the power detection device includes a battery unit 10, a sampling circuit 30 and a charging management integrated circuit 40.
  • the battery unit 10 includes at least one battery.
  • the battery type of the battery may be at least one of a lead-acid battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a sodium-sulfur battery, a flow battery, a super capacitor, a lithium battery, and a flexible battery.
  • the battery types in the battery unit 10 are the same, and the number of batteries included in the battery unit 10 may be 1, 2, 3, or more.
  • lithium batteries include batteries.
  • the battery core may include a wound positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the metal conductor that can be drawn from the positive plate of the cell is called the positive lug
  • the metal conductor that can be drawn from the negative sheet of the cell is called the negative lug.
  • the positive lug is a copper sheet plated with a nickel layer on the surface
  • the negative lug is an aluminum sheet.
  • the nickel layer can be used as a protective layer of the copper sheet to prevent the oxidation of the copper sheet from increasing the internal resistance and deteriorating the electrical conductivity.
  • the electrical conductivity of the aluminum sheet is high, and the temperature rise of the tab is low when a large current passes, and the hardness of the aluminum sheet is small, and it is not easy to pierce the diaphragm or adjacent cells, which improves the safety performance of the battery unit 10.
  • the positive terminal of the battery cell 10 can be understood as the positive terminal of the battery cell 10
  • the negative terminal of the battery cell 10 can be understood as the negative terminal of the battery cell 10.
  • the battery unit 10 When the number of batteries is multiple, multiple batteries in the battery unit 10 may be connected in series or in parallel.
  • the battery unit 10 includes n batteries connected in series, the n batteries connected in series may be respectively denoted as the first battery, the second battery,..., The nth battery.
  • the positive terminal of the first battery cell can be understood as the positive terminal of the battery cell 10
  • the negative terminal of the nth battery cell can be understood as the negative terminal of the battery cell 10.
  • the battery unit 10 includes n batteries connected in parallel
  • the common connection end of the positive lugs of the n batteries can be understood as the positive end of the battery unit 10
  • the common connection end of the positive lugs of the n batteries can be understood as the battery unit. 10's negative terminal.
  • the number of batteries in the battery unit 10 is not further limited.
  • the sampling circuit 30 is connected to the battery unit 10 and is used to collect the current signal of the battery unit 10.
  • the sampling circuit 30 may be a sampling resistor Rsns.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 may also be understood as a charging control IC (Integrated Circuit). Wherein, the charge management integrated circuit 40 may be configured with a voltage detection pin and a current detection pin, the voltage detection pin is connected to the battery cell 10, and the current detection pin is connected to the sampling circuit 30. The charge management integrated circuit 40 detects the voltage signal of the battery cell 10 based on the voltage detection pin, detects the current signal of the battery cell 10 based on the current sampling pin, and obtains the power information of the battery cell 10 according to the voltage signal and the current signal.
  • Integrated Circuit Integrated Circuit
  • the voltage detection pin and the current detection pin are configured for the charge management integrated circuit 40
  • a program for starting the voltage detection pin and the current detection pin can be written to the charge management integrated circuit 40, so that the charge management integrated circuit
  • the voltage detection pin of 40 has a voltage detection function
  • the current detection pin of the charge management integrated circuit 40 has a current detection function.
  • the number of current detection pins is two, which may specifically include a positive current detection pin 401 and a negative current detection pin 402.
  • the positive current detection pin 401 is respectively connected to the first end of the sampling circuit 30 and the positive terminal of the battery cell 10
  • the negative current detection pin 402 is respectively connected to the second end of the sampling circuit 30 and the interface module 20.
  • the number of voltage detection pins is correlated with the number of batteries in the battery cell 10, and it includes at least a positive voltage detection pin 403 and a negative voltage detection pin 404.
  • the positive voltage detection pin 403 can be connected to the positive ear of the battery
  • the negative voltage detection pin 404 can be connected to the negative ear of the battery. Connecting the voltage detection pin directly to the tab of the battery can reduce the error caused by the path impedance and improve the sampling accuracy of the voltage signal.
  • connection modes between the multiple batteries are different
  • the number of voltage detection pins is also different
  • the connection modes between the voltage detection pins and multiple batteries are also different. The specific The connection method will be described in detail in the subsequent embodiments.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 also integrates a high-precision analog-to-digital converter to collect voltage signals through the voltage detection pin and collect current signals through the current detection pin to perform analog-to-digital conversion to obtain The voltage information and current information of the battery cell 10.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 may also calculate the current power information of the battery cell 10 according to the obtained voltage information and current information.
  • the power detection device further includes an interface module 20.
  • the interface module 20 is respectively connected to the battery unit 10 and the sampling circuit 30 for connecting charging equipment.
  • the interface module 20 may include charging interfaces such as VBUS, USB+, USB-, and GND.
  • the charging device can charge the battery unit 10.
  • the charging device connected to the charging interface may be a fast charging adapter, a common adapter, a power bank, or a terminal capable of charging the battery unit 10 of the electronic device, or the like.
  • the fast charging adapter can provide charging power greater than 15W.
  • Common charging equipment can be 5V1A, 5V2A charging equipment.
  • this application does not limit the interface type in the interface module 20, for example, it may be a Micro usb interface, a Type-C interface, a 30-pin interface, a lightning interface, and so on.
  • the sampling resistor Rsns is arranged in the charging circuit formed by the interface module 20 and the battery unit 10.
  • the first end of the sampling resistor Rsns may be connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 10
  • the second end of the sampling resistor Rsns may be connected to the VBUS interface in the interface module 20.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 collects the current charging current or discharging current of the battery unit 10 is less than the preset value, The current voltage value of the battery cell 10 is acquired, and the initial power level is acquired according to a preset mapping relationship table between the voltage value and the initial power level. If the charging current is greater than or equal to the preset value, the current value can be integrated, and the current power information can be obtained by accumulating the initial power and the integration; if the charging current is greater than or equal to the preset value, the current can be The value is integrated, and the current power information is obtained by accumulating and subtracting the initial power and the integral.
  • the preset value can be 1mA, 2mA, 5mA, 10mA, etc.
  • the size of the preset value can be set according to the internal resistance of the battery cell 10, the electrochemical reaction and other parameters. Make further restrictions.
  • the power detection device described above configures the charge management integrated circuit 40 with a voltage detection pin and a current detection pin.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 is used to obtain the battery cell 10 based on the voltage detection pin detection voltage signal and the current sampling pin detection current signal.
  • Voltage information, current information, and power information can also be used to obtain power information of the battery cell 10 without configuring the fuel gauge IC, which can simplify the hardware circuit for power detection and reduce the cost at the same time.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 is also configured with control pins and communication pins 405 and 406 connected to the interface module 20.
  • the interface module 20 When the interface module 20 is connected to a charging device, it can communicate with the connected charging device through the communication pins 405 and 406, and then the device type of the charging device can be obtained correspondingly.
  • the power detection device further includes a charging circuit 50, and the charging circuit 50 is respectively connected to the interface module 20, the sampling circuit 30, and the control pin.
  • the charging circuit 50 may include two electronic switch tubes connected in series.
  • the electronic switching tube can be a switching tube with three connection terminals, such as a triode, a MOS tube, an IGBT, and the like.
  • the charging circuit 50 may include a first MOS tube M1 and a second MOS tube M2.
  • the gate of the first MOS tube M1 and the gate of the second MOS tube M2 are both connected to the control pin; the drain of the first MOS tube M1 is connected to the interface module 20, and the source of the first MOS tube M1 is connected to the first MOS tube M1.
  • the source of the second MOS tube M2 is connected, and the drain module of the second MOS tube M2 is connected to the sampling circuit 30.
  • the device type When the device type is a preset type, it can be used to control the control pin 410 to output a charging command to the charging circuit 50 to connect the charging path between the interface module 20 and the battery unit 10 to charge the battery unit 10.
  • the charging management integrated circuit may output a high-level control signal to the gate of the first MOS tube M1 and the gate of the second MOS tube M2 , The first MOS tube M1 and the second MOS tube M2 are both in the on state, and the battery unit 10 can be charged in the fast charging mode through the fast charging adapter.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 can also feedback and adjust the charging current or the charging voltage output by the charging circuit 50 from the current information, voltage information, power information, and temperature information obtained by the charging management integrated circuit 40 to output a point signal suitable for charging the battery unit 10.
  • the charging circuit 50 may further include a plurality of electronic switch tubes, and the plurality of electronic electronic switch tubes are all connected in series between the battery unit 10 and the interface module 20.
  • the number and type of electronic switch tubes in the charging circuit 50 are not further limited, as long as multiple electronic switch tubes can be in the conducting state under the control of the charge management integrated circuit, so as to The battery unit 10 can be charged by the charging device.
  • the battery unit 10 may further include n batteries connected in series.
  • n batteries connected in series can be respectively denoted as the first battery, the second battery, ... the nth battery, where n ⁇ 2.
  • the battery unit 10 includes two batteries connected in series, which can be denoted as a first battery T1 and a second battery T2.
  • the voltage detection pins include a positive voltage detection pin 403, a terminal voltage detection pin 407, and a negative voltage detection pin 404.
  • the positive voltage detection pin 403 is connected to the positive ear of the first battery T1
  • the terminal voltage detection pin 407 is connected to the positive ear of the second battery T2
  • the negative voltage detection pin 404 is connected to the negative ear of the second battery T2.
  • the voltage detection pins include a positive voltage detection pin 403, a negative voltage detection pin 404, and n-1 terminal voltage detection pins.
  • the positive ear of the first battery is connected to the positive voltage detection pin 403
  • the negative ear of the nth battery is connected to the negative voltage detection pin 404
  • the common terminals of two adjacent batteries correspond to n-1 terminals one by one.
  • Voltage detection pin connection Exemplarily, the n-1 terminal voltage detection pins may be respectively denoted as terminal voltage detection pins 407 1 , 407 2 , ..., 407 n-1 . It can also be understood that the positive ears of the second battery to the nth battery are connected to one terminal voltage detection pin in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • the positive electrode tab and the second battery terminal voltage detection pin 4071 is connected to the positive electrode tab and the third battery terminal connected to the voltage detection pin 4072, and so on, the n-th battery terminal voltage detection tabs and the positive electrode lead Pin 407 n-1 is connected.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 can correspondingly obtain the detected voltage signal of each voltage detection pin and then can correspondingly obtain the voltage signal of each battery, and obtain the voltage signal of the battery cell 10 according to the voltage signal of each battery.
  • the voltage information of the first battery T1 can be calculated based on the signals of the positive voltage detection pin 403 and the terminal voltage detection pin 407
  • the voltage information of the second battery T2 can be obtained based on the terminal voltage detection pin 407 and the negative voltage.
  • the signal of the pin 404 is detected and calculated.
  • the voltage signal of the battery cell 10 may be the sum of the voltage information of each battery.
  • the battery unit 10 includes a plurality of batteries connected in series.
  • the battery cell 10 may have a battery capacity mismatch in either the charging state or the discharging state.
  • the battery capacity mismatch may include a state of charge (SOC) mismatch and a capacity/energy (C/E) mismatch.
  • SOC state of charge
  • C/E capacity/energy
  • the power detection device further includes a first equalization circuit 60, the charge management integrated circuit 40 is also configured with a first equalization pin, and the first equalization circuit 60 is respectively connected to the battery cell 10 and the first equalization pin.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 is also used to control the first equalization pin to output a first equalization signal; the first equalization circuit 60 is used to equalize a plurality of batteries according to the first equalization signal.
  • the first equalizing circuit 60 includes n cascaded first equalizing units 610.
  • the first terminal of the first balancing unit 610 of each stage is connected to the positive electrode of a battery in a one-to-one correspondence, and the third terminal of the first balancing unit 610 of each stage is connected to a balancing pin in a one-to-one correspondence;
  • the second end of an equalizing unit 610 is connected to the first end of the first equalizing unit 610 of the nth stage, and the second end of the first equalizing unit 610 of the nth stage is grounded.
  • the first equalization unit 610 and the first equalization unit 610 refer to FIG. 2.
  • the first equalization unit 610 includes a first equalization resistor and a first equalization tube; the first end of the first equalization resistor serves as the first equalization unit 610
  • the second end of the first equalizing resistor is connected to the first end of the first equalizing tube, the second end of the first equalizing tube is used as the second end of the first equalizing unit 610, and the second end of the first equalizing tube
  • the third terminal serves as the third terminal of the first equalization unit 610.
  • the first equalization tube 510 may be a MOS tube.
  • the drain of the MOS tube is used as the first end of the first equalizing tube
  • the source of the MOS tube is used as the second end of the first equalizing tube
  • the gate of the MOS tube is used as the third end of the first equalizing tube.
  • the MOS transistor M3 and the resistor R1 are used to balance the first battery T1
  • the MOS transistor M4 and the resistor R2 are used to balance the second battery T2.
  • the drain of the MOS tube M3 is connected to the positive ear of the first battery T1 via a resistor R1
  • the drain of the MOS tube M4 is connected to the positive ear of the second battery T2 via a resistor R2
  • the source of the MOS tube M3 is connected to the MOS tube M4
  • the drain of the MOS transistor M3 is connected to the first equalization pin 408, and the gate of the MOS transistor M4 is connected to the first equalization pin 409.
  • the first equalization pins 408 and 409 are controlled to correspondingly output equalization signals so that the multiple first equalization units 610 of the first equalization circuit 60 equalize the multiple batteries.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 can obtain the first battery T1 and the second battery through the voltage detection pin and the current detection pin. Current and voltage values of T2. For example, when the voltage of the first battery T1 is greater than the voltage of the second battery T2, the charge management integrated circuit 40 can control to turn on the MOS tube M3 connected in parallel with the first battery T1, and turn off the MOS tube connected in parallel with the second battery T2. M4.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 can control to turn off the MOS tube M3 connected in parallel with the first battery T1 and turn on the MOS tube connected in parallel with the second battery T2.
  • the current flowing through the first battery T1 can be greater than the current flowing through the second battery T2, so that the voltage of the first battery T1 is increased, so that the first battery T1 and the second battery
  • the voltage difference of T2 is kept within a certain range.
  • n first equalization units 610 can be set correspondingly, and by detecting and acquiring the voltage signal of each battery, if the voltage of one or more batteries meets the equilibrium When conditions are met, the on-off state of the MOS tube connected in parallel with the battery can be controlled correspondingly, so that the voltage difference of each battery is not kept within a certain range to achieve equilibrium.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 by configuring the charging management integrated circuit 40 with corresponding equalization pins and correspondingly setting the first equalization circuit 60, the equalization processing of multiple batteries connected in series can be realized, which can replace the equalization in the traditional equalization circuit.
  • IC simplifies the equalization circuit and reduces the cost.
  • the battery unit 10 may further include n batteries connected in parallel in sequence.
  • n batteries connected in parallel can be respectively denoted as the first battery T1, the second battery T2, ... the nth battery, where n ⁇ 2.
  • the battery unit 10 includes two batteries connected in parallel, which can be denoted as a first battery T1 and a second battery T2.
  • the positive current detection pin 401 is connected to the positive terminal of the battery cell 10
  • the negative current detection pin 402 is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell 10, and can be used to detect the current signal of the battery cell 10.
  • the voltage detection pins include two pairs of positive voltage detection pins 403 and negative voltage detection pins 404 (4031, 4041), (4032, 4042).
  • the positive ear of the first battery T1 is connected to the positive voltage detection pin 4031
  • the negative ear of the first battery T1 is connected to the negative voltage detection pin 4041
  • the positive ear of the second battery T2 is connected to the positive voltage detection pin 4032.
  • the negative ear of the second battery T2 is connected to the negative voltage detection pin 4042.
  • the positive and negative ears of each battery are connected to a pair of positive voltage detection pins 403 and negative voltage detection pins 404 correspondingly.
  • the n pairs of positive voltage detection pins 403 and negative voltage detection pins 404 can be represented by (4031,4041), (4032,4042),..., (403n,404n), respectively.
  • 403 is a positive voltage detection pin 403
  • 404 is a negative voltage detection pin 404.
  • the positive ear of the first battery T1 is connected to the positive voltage detection pin 4031
  • the negative ear of the first battery T1 is connected to the negative voltage detection pin 4041.
  • the positive ear of the nth battery is connected to the positive voltage detection pin 403n.
  • the negative ear of the first battery T1 is connected to the negative voltage detection pin 404n.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 can correspondingly obtain the detected voltage signal of each voltage detection pin and then can correspondingly obtain the voltage signal of each battery, and obtain the voltage signal of the battery cell 10 according to the voltage signal of each battery.
  • the voltage information of the first battery T1 can be calculated according to the difference between the positive voltage detection pin 4031 and the negative voltage detection pin 4041
  • the voltage information of the second battery T2 can be obtained according to the positive voltage detection pin 4032 and the negative voltage detection pin 4032.
  • the difference value of the voltage detection pin 4042 is calculated and obtained.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 may further obtain the voltage information of the battery cell 10 according to the voltage information of the first battery T1 and the second battery T2.
  • the battery unit 10 includes a plurality of batteries connected in parallel.
  • the battery cell 10 may have a battery capacity mismatch in either the charging state or the discharging state.
  • the battery capacity mismatch may include a state of charge (SOC) mismatch and a capacity/energy (C/E) mismatch.
  • SOC state of charge
  • C/E capacity/energy
  • the current detection device further includes a second equalization circuit 70, the charge management integrated circuit 40 is also configured with a second equalization pin, and the second equalization circuit 70 is respectively connected to the battery cell 10 and the second equalization pin.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 is also used for controlling the second equalization pin to output a second equalization signal; the second equalization circuit 70 is used for equalizing a plurality of batteries according to the second equalization signal.
  • the second equalization circuit 70 includes n second equalization units 710, the first end of the second equalization unit 710 is connected in series with the positive electrode of the battery in a one-to-one correspondence, and the second end of the second equalization unit 710 is connected to the sampling circuit 30; The third end of the second equalization unit 710 is connected to the second equalization pin in a one-to-one correspondence with the second equalization unit 710 and the second equalization unit 710.
  • the second equalization unit 710 includes a second equalization tube.
  • the second equalization tube may also be a MOS tube.
  • the MOS tube M5 is used to balance the first battery T1
  • the MOS tube M6 is used to balance the second battery T2.
  • the source of the MOS tube M5 is connected to the positive ear of the first battery T1
  • the drain of the MOS tube M5 is connected to the sampling circuit 30, and the gate of the MOS tube M5 is connected to the second equalization pin 408
  • the source of the MOS tube M6 The pole is connected to the positive ear of the second battery T2, the drain of the MOS tube M6 is connected to the sampling circuit 30, and the gate of the MOS tube M6 is connected to the second equalization pin 409.
  • the second equalization pin is controlled to output an equalization signal so that the second equalization circuit 70 equalizes the multiple batteries.
  • the charging current will be larger on the side with the smaller impedance when the charging impedance is larger.
  • the current of a certain battery is too large, its voltage will also be too large. If it is large, it needs to be equalized. That is, if the voltage difference between the multiple batteries is greater than the preset voltage value, the equilibrium condition is met.
  • the second equalization pin can be used 408 or 409 to correspondingly adjust the Vgs voltage of the MOS tube (M5 or M6) connected to it, thereby changing the impedance of the MOS tube (M5 or M6) in the corresponding path to compensate for the difference between the first battery T1 and the second battery T2 Impedance difference.
  • the greater the Vgs voltage of the MOS tube the lower the impedance of the MOS tube; the smaller the Vgs voltage of the MOS tube, the greater the impedance of the MOS tube.
  • the current distribution relationship between the first battery T1 and the second battery T2 can be correspondingly controlled to ensure that the voltage difference between the first battery T1 and the second battery T2 is maintained Within a certain range to achieve equilibrium.
  • n second equalization units 710 can be set correspondingly, and the voltage signal of each battery is detected and obtained. If the voltage of one or more batteries meets the equilibrium When the conditions are met, the Vgs voltage of the MOS tube connected in series with the battery can be controlled correspondingly, so that the voltage difference of each battery is not kept within a certain range to achieve equilibrium.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 by configuring the charging management integrated circuit 40 with corresponding equalization pins and correspondingly setting the second equalization circuit 70, the equalization processing of multiple parallel batteries can be realized, which can replace the equalization in the traditional equalization circuit.
  • IC simplifies the equalization circuit and reduces the cost.
  • the device further includes a temperature detection circuit for detecting temperature information of the battery unit 10.
  • the temperature detection circuit may be a thermistor.
  • the temperature detection circuit may be a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC).
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient thermistor
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 is also configured with a temperature detection pin, the first end of the temperature detection circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the battery cell 10, the second end of the temperature detection circuit is connected to the temperature detection pin, and the charge management integrated circuit 40 also It is used to obtain the temperature information of the battery cell 10.
  • the device further includes a protection circuit 80, which is connected to the battery unit 10 and the charging management integrated circuit 40, respectively, and the protection circuit 80 performs the protection on the battery unit 10 under the control of the charging management integrated circuit 40 protection circuit. Voltage mutual or overcurrent protection, overdischarge or overcharge protection.
  • the power detection device further includes a protection board, and the battery unit 10 and the protection circuit are both arranged on the protection board.
  • the protection board further includes a connector 850 for connecting the battery unit 10 and the protection circuit to the charging management integrated circuit 40 and the interface module 20.
  • the connector 850 may be a board-to-board connector 850 (BTB).
  • the connector 850 is also provided with multiple interfaces, such as P+ interface, P- interface, b+ interface, b- interface, NTC interface, Hdis interface, Ldis interface, bc interface, etc.
  • the P+ interface is used to connect to the positive current detection pin 401
  • the P- interface is used to connect to the negative current detection pin 402
  • the b+ interface is used to connect to the positive voltage detection pin 403
  • the b- interface is used to connect to the negative voltage.
  • the detection pin 404 is connected
  • the Hdis interface is used to connect to the equalization pin
  • the Ldis interface is used to connect to the equalization pin, and so on.
  • the number and types of interfaces on the connector 850 need to match the number of batteries, the connection mode, and the pin direction of the charge management integrated circuit 40 configuration.
  • the protection circuit may include a first protection unit 810, a plurality of back-to-back MOS transistors 820, a second protection unit 830, a three-terminal fuse 840, and a plurality of current limiting resistors.
  • the protection circuit may include a first protection unit 810, two sets of back-to-back MOS transistors 820, a second protection unit 830, and a three-terminal fuse 840 And two current limiting circuits.
  • the protection circuit may include a first protection unit 810, two sets of back-to-back MOS transistors 820, a second protection unit 830, and a three-terminal fuse 840 and the third current limiting resistor.
  • the protection circuit may include a first protection unit 810, three sets of back-to-back MOS transistors 820, a second protection unit 830, and a three-terminal fuse. 840 and four current limiting resistors.
  • the first protection unit 810 and the second protection unit can be used to detect the voltage and current of the battery unit 10, and when the current or voltage is too high, the first protection unit 810 can drive the back-to-back MOS transistors to disconnect to prevent the battery from overcharging or over-discharging .
  • the second protection unit 830 can drive to blow the three-terminal fuse 840 to prevent safety problems caused by battery overvoltage or overcurrent.
  • the current limiting resistor can be set between the positive ear of the battery and the connector 850b+ (or b1+, b2+) interface, and the current limiting resistor can be set between the negative ear of the battery and the connector 850b- (or b1-, b2-) interface. At the same time, it can prevent the battery from being damaged by the large current burnout of the voltage detection circuit when the b+ interface and the P- interface are short-circuited by mistake.
  • the power detection device can be divided into different modules as needed to complete all or part of the functions of the above-mentioned power detection device.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a power detection method, which is applied to the power detection device in any of the above embodiments.
  • the power detection method includes step 702 to step 706.
  • Step 702 receive a configuration instruction
  • Step 704 configure the voltage detection pin and the current detection pin according to the configuration instruction
  • Step 706 Obtain voltage information, current information, and power information of the battery cell 10 based on the voltage detection pin detection voltage signal and the current sampling pin detection current signal.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 can receive a configuration instruction, which can be understood as a program for starting the voltage detection pin and the current detection pin, so that the voltage detection pin of the charge management integrated circuit 40 has a voltage detection function, And make the current detection pin of the charge management integrated circuit 40 have a current detection function.
  • a configuration instruction which can be understood as a program for starting the voltage detection pin and the current detection pin
  • the number of current detection pins is two, which may specifically include a positive current detection pin 401 and a negative current detection pin 402.
  • the positive current detection pin 401 is respectively connected to the first end of the sampling circuit 30 and the positive terminal of the battery cell 10
  • the negative current detection pin 402 is respectively connected to the second end of the sampling circuit 30 and the interface module 20.
  • the number of voltage detection pins is correlated with the number of batteries in the battery cell 10, and it includes at least a positive voltage detection pin 403 and a negative voltage detection pin 404.
  • the positive voltage detection pin 403 can be connected to the positive ear of the battery
  • the negative voltage detection pin 404 can be connected to the negative ear of the battery. Connecting the voltage detection pin directly to the tab of the battery can reduce the error caused by the path impedance and improve the sampling accuracy of the voltage signal.
  • connection modes between the multiple batteries are different
  • the number of voltage detection pins is also different
  • the connection modes between the voltage detection pins and multiple batteries are also different. The specific The connection method will be described in detail in the subsequent embodiments.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 also integrates a high-precision analog-to-digital converter to collect voltage signals through the voltage detection pin and collect current signals through the current detection pin to perform analog-to-digital conversion.
  • the voltage information and current information of the battery cell 10 are acquired.
  • the charge management integrated circuit 40 may also calculate the current power information of the battery cell 10 according to the obtained voltage information and current information.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 collects the current charging current or discharging current of the battery unit 10 is less than the preset value, The current voltage value of the battery cell 10 is acquired, and the initial power level is acquired according to a preset mapping relationship table between the voltage value and the initial power level. If the charging current is greater than or equal to the preset value, the current value can be integrated, and the current power information can be obtained by accumulating the initial power and the integration; if the charging current is greater than or equal to the preset value, the current can be The value is integrated, and the current power information is obtained by accumulating and subtracting the initial power and the integral.
  • the preset value can be 1mA, 2mA, 5mA, 10mA, etc.
  • the size of the preset value can be set according to the internal resistance of the battery cell 10, the electrochemical reaction and other parameters. Make further restrictions.
  • the charging management integrated circuit 40 by configuring the charging management integrated circuit 40 with voltage detection pins and current detection pins, the charging management integrated circuit 40 is used to obtain the battery cell 10 based on the voltage detection pin detection voltage signal and the current sampling pin detection current signal.
  • the voltage information, current information and power information of the battery cell 10 can also be obtained without using the fuel gauge IC, which can simplify the hardware circuit for power detection and reduce the cost at the same time.
  • the power detection method when the battery unit 10 includes multiple batteries, the power detection method further includes obtaining the voltage signal of each battery in the battery unit 10; when the voltage signal of each battery meets the equalization condition, controlling the equalization circuit pair
  • the battery unit 10 performs an equalization process, wherein an equalization circuit is connected to each battery separately.
  • the equalization processing of multiple batteries can be realized, which can replace the equalization IC in the traditional equalization circuit, and simplify the equalization. Circuit, and reduce the cost.
  • steps in the flowchart of FIG. 7 are displayed in sequence as indicated by the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless specifically stated in this article, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least part of the steps in FIG. 7 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages. These sub-steps or stages are not necessarily executed at the same time, but can be executed at different times. The execution of these sub-steps or stages The sequence is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least a part of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes the power detection device 80 and the processing circuit 90 in any of the above embodiments.
  • the processing circuit is respectively connected to the battery unit 810 and the charge management integrated circuit 820, and is used to receive the current signal, voltage signal, and power information output by the charge management integrated circuit 820, and manage the charge management integrated circuit 820.
  • the processing circuit may be a system-on-chip (SOC), which integrates a CPU, GPU, RAM, communication baseband, GPS module, and so on.
  • SOC system-on-chip
  • the charging management integrated circuit 820 can also receive an adjustment instruction output by the processing circuit to adjust the charging current or charging voltage output by the charging circuit.
  • Traditional electronic equipment needs to be equipped with fuel gauge IC, balance IC, processing circuit and charge management integrated circuit 820.
  • the processing circuit needs to communicate with the fuel gauge IC to obtain voltage, current, and electricity from the fuel gauge IC.
  • the processing circuit also needs to communicate with the charging management integrated circuit 820 to obtain the current charging state of the battery power source. If an abnormality occurs, the charging management integrated circuit 820 can be controlled to shut down charging.
  • the fuel gauge IC and balance IC in the electronic equipment can be omitted, and the power detection device can directly pass the acquired voltage information, current information, power information, and temperature information of the battery cells through I2C or Other communication buses are transmitted to the processing circuit of the electronic device without communicating with the fuel gauge IC.
  • the voltage, current, power and other parameters are obtained from the fuel gauge IC, and only communicate with the charging management integrated circuit 820, which simplifies the electronic device
  • the circuit design reduces the cost, and at the same time can improve the communication efficiency.
  • the electronic device may be any terminal device including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a POS (Point of Sales, sales terminal), a vehicle-mounted computer, a wearable device, and the like.
  • a mobile phone a tablet computer
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistant
  • POS Point of Sales, sales terminal
  • vehicle-mounted computer a wearable device, and the like.

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Abstract

一种电量检测装置，包括：电池单元(10)；采样电路(30)，分别与电池单元、接口模块(20)连接，用于采集电池单元的电流信号；充电管理集成电路(40)，被配置有电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，电压检测引脚与电池单元连接，电流检测引脚与采样电路连接；其中，充电管理集成电路用于基于电压检测引脚检测电压信号和电流检测引脚检测电流信号获取电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息。

Description

电量检测装置和方法、电子设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2020年2月21日提交中国专利局、申请号为2020101080244、发明名称为“电量检测装置和方法、电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及充电技术领域，特别是涉及一种电量检测装置和方法、电子设备。
背景技术
这里的陈述仅提供与本申请有关的背景信息，而不必然地构成现有示例性技术。
电子设备在人们生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色，而电子设备充电技术的发展也越来越快。传统的电子设备中会配置一个专门用于检测电池电量的电量计IC，该电量计IC还可以用于检测电池的电压、电流、计算电池容量、温度和当前电量等参数，并可通过I2C连接到充电管理集成电路和电子设备的处理电路中以备使用。
但是，通过在电子设备中配置电量计IC来获取电池的电量信息时，还需要配置相应的硬件电路来支持，增加了电子设备中硬件器件的数量，会造成器件冗余，且成本高。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种电量检测装置和方法、电子设备。
一种电量检测装置，包括：
电池单元；
采样电路，与所述电池单元连接，用于采集所述电池单元的电流信号；
充电管理集成电路，被配置有电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，所述电压检测引脚与所述电池单元连接，所述电流检测引脚与所述采样电路连接；其中，
所述充电管理集成电路用于基于所述电压检测引脚检测电压信号和所述电流采样引脚检测电流信号获取电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息。
一种电量检测方法，包括：
接收配置指令；
根据所述配置指令配置电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚；其中，所述正电流检测引脚分别与采样电路的第一端、电池单元的正极端连接，所述负电流检测引脚与采样电路的第二端连接；所述采用电路用于采集所述电池单元的电流信号；基于所述电压检测引脚检测所述电压信号和所述电流采样引脚检测所述电流信号获取电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息。
一种电子设备，包括：
电池单元；
采样电路，与所述电池单元连接，用于采集所述电池单元的电流信号；
充电管理集成电路，被配置有电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，所述电压检测引脚与所述电池单元连接，所述电流检测引脚与所述采样电路连接；其中，
所述充电管理集成电路，用于基于所述电压检测引脚检测电压信号和基于所述电流采样引脚检测电流信号，以获取所述电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息；处理电路，分别与所述电池单元、充电管理集成电路连接，用于接收所述充电管理集成电路输出的电流信号、电压信号及电量信息，并对所述充电管理集成电路进行管理。
上述电量检测装置和方法、电子设备，通过给充电管理集成电路配置电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，充电管理集成电路用于基于所述电压检测引脚检测所述电压信号和所述电流采样引脚检测所述电流信号获取电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息，在不配置使用电 量计IC的情况下，也可以获取电池单元的电量信息，可以简化电量检测的硬件电路，同时还降低了成本。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其他特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为一个实施例中单电池的电量检测装置的结构框图；
图2为一个实施例中双电池串联的电量检测装置的结构框图；
图3为一个实施例中双电池并联的电量检测装置的结构框图；
图4为又一个实施例中单电池的电量检测装置的结构框图；
图5为又一个实施例中双电池串联的电量检测装置的结构框图；
图6为又一个实施例中双电池并联的电量检测装置的结构框图；
图7为一个实施例中电量检测电路的流程图；
图8为一个实施例中电子设备的结构框图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施方式。相反地，提供这些实施方式的目的是使对本发明的公开内容理解的更加透彻全面。本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。在本发明的描述中，“若干”的含义是至少一个，例如一个，两个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
如图1所示，在其中一个实施例中，电量检测装置包括电池单元10、采样电路30和充电管理集成电路40。
电池单元10，包括至少一电池。其中，电池的电池类型可以为铅酸电池、镍氢电池、钠硫电池、液流电池、超级电容器、锂电池和柔性电池中的至少一种。电池单元10中的电池类型相同，电池单元10中包括的电池数量可以为1个、2个、3个或者更多。
在本申请中，以电池的类型为锂电池为例进行说明。其中，锂电池包括电芯。电芯可包括卷绕的正极片、负极片和设置在正极片、负极片之间的隔膜。其中，可从电芯的正极片引出来的金属导电体称之为正极耳，从电芯的负极片引出来的金属导电体称之为负极耳。
在一实施例中，正极耳采用表面镀有镍层的铜片，负极耳采用铝片。其中，镍层可以作为铜片的保护层，以避免铜片氧化导致内阻增大，导电性能变差的情况出现。铝片的电导率高，在大电流通过时，极耳温升较低，铝片的硬度较小，不容易刺穿隔膜或相邻电芯，提高了电池单元10的安全性能。
当电池单元10包括一个电池时，该单电池的正极耳可以理解为该电池单元10的正极端，该单电池的负极耳可以理解为该电池单元10的负极端。
当电池的数量为多个时，电池单元10中的多个电池可串联连接，也可以并联连接。示例性的，当电池单元10包括n个依次串联的电池时，n个依次串联的电池可以分别记为第一电池、第二电池、…、第n电池。其中，第一电池电池的正极耳可以理解为该电池单元10的正极端，第n电池的负极耳可以理解为该电池单元10的负极端。当电池单元10包括n个依次并联的电池时，n个电池的正极耳的公共连接端可以理解为该电池单元10的正极端，n个电池的正极耳的公共连接端可以理解为该电池单元10的负极端。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，对电池单元10中电池的数量不做进一步的限定。
采样电路30与电池单元10连接，用于采集电池单元10的电流信号。在其中一个实施例中的，采样电路30可以为采样电阻Rsns。
充电管理集成电路40，也可以理解为充电控制IC(Integrated Circuit)。其中，充电管理集成电路40可被配置有电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，电压检测引脚与电池单元10连接，电流检测引脚与采样电路30连接。其中，充电管理集成电路40基于电压检测引脚检测电池单元10的电压信号，并基于电流采样引脚检测电池单元10的电流信号，并根据电压信号、电流信号获取电池单元10的电量信息。
当给充电管理集成电路40配置电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚时，可以向充电管理集成电路40写入用于启动电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚的程序，以使该充电管理集成电路40的电压检测引脚具备电压检测的功能，并使该充电管理集成电路40的电流检测引脚具备电流检测的功能。
在其中一个实施例中，电流检测引脚的数量为两个，可具体包括正电流检测引脚401和负电流检测引脚402。其中，正电流检测引脚401分别与采样电路30的第一端、电池单元10的正极端连接，负电流检测引脚402分别与采样电路30的第二端、接口模块20连接。
电压检测引脚的数量与电池单元10中电池的数量向关联，其至少包括正电压检测引脚403和负电压检测引脚404。示例性的，当电池单元10仅包括一个电池时，该正电压检测引脚403可与电池的正极耳连接，负电压检测引脚404可与电池的负极耳连接。将电压检测引脚直接与电池的极耳连接，可以减小因通路阻抗造成的误差以提高电压信号的采样精度。
当电池的数量为多个时，且多个电池之间的连接方式不同，其电压检测引脚的数量也不同，电压检测引脚与多个电池之间的连接方式也就不同，其具体的连接方式在后续实施例中进行详细说明。
在其中一个实施例中，充电管理集成电路40中还集成有高精度的模/数转换器来通过电压检测引脚采集电压信号以及通过电流检测引脚来采集电流信号进行模数转换，以获取电池单元10的电压信息和电流信息。充电管理集成电路40还可以根据获取的电压信息和电流信息来计算当前电池单元10的电量信息。
在其中一个实施例中，电量检测装置还包括接口模块20。接口模块20分别与电池单元10、采样电路30连接，用于连接充电设备。其中，接口模块20中可包括VBUS、USB+、USB-、GND等充电接口。当接口模块20与该充电设备连接时，该充电设备可以为电池单元10进行充电。其中，与充电接口连接的充电设备可以为快充适配器、普通适配器、充电宝或能够为电子设备的电池单元10进行充电的终端等。例如，该快充适配器可提供的充电功率大于15W。普通充电设备可为5V1A、5V2A的充电设备。
需要说明的是，本申请对接口模块20中接口类型不做限定，例如，可以为Micro usb接口、Type-C接口、30-pin接口、lightning接口等。
在其中一个实施例中，采样电阻Rsns设置在接口模块20与电池单元10构成的充电回路中。示例性的，该采样电阻Rsns的第一端可以与电池单元10的正极端连接，采样电阻Rsns的第二端可与接口模块20中的VBUS接口连接。
具体地，当接口模块20外接充电设备为电池单元10充电，或电池单元10处于放电状态时，若充电管理集成电路40采集到当前电池单元10的充电电流或放电电流小于预设值时，可以获取当前电池单元10的电压值，并根据预设的电压值与初始电量的映射关系表来获取初 始电量。若充电电流大于或等于预设值时，则可以对电流值进行积分，根据初始电量与该积分进行累计加而获取当前的电量信息；若充电电流大于或等于预设值时，则可以对电流值进行积分，根据初始电量与该积分进行累计减而获取当前的电量信息。
需要说明的是，预设值可以为1mA、2mA、5mA、10mA等，其预设值的大小可以根据电池单元10的内阻、电化学反应的等参数进行设置，在本申请实施例中不做进一步的限定。
上述电量检测装置通过给充电管理集成电路40配置电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，充电管理集成电路40用于基于电压检测引脚检测电压信号和电流采样引脚检测电流信号获取电池单元10的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息，在不配置使用电量计IC的情况下，也可以获取电池单元10的电量信息，可以简化电量检测的硬件电路，同时还降低了成本。
充电管理集成电路40还被配置有控制引脚以及与接口模块20连接的通信引脚405、406。当接口模块20接入充电设备时，可通过该通信引脚405、406与连接的充电设备进行通信，进而可以对应获取充电设备的设备类型。
在其中一个实施例中，电量检测装置还包括充电电路50，充电电路50分别与接口模块20、采样电路30、控制引脚连接。
充电电路50可包括两个串联的电子开关管。电子开关管可以为三极管、MOS管、IGBT等具有三个连接端子的开关管。示例性的，充电电路50可包括第一MOS管M1和第二MOS管M2。其中，第一MOS管M1的栅极和第二MOS管M2的栅极均与控制引脚连接；第一MOS管M1的漏极与接口模块20连接，第一MOS管M1的源极与第二MOS管M2的源极连接，第二MOS管M2的漏极模块与采样电路30连接。当设备类型为预设类型时，可用于控制控制引脚410向充电电路50输出充电指令，以导通接口模块20与电池单元10之间的充电通路，以为电池单元10充电。示例性的，当该接口模块20接入的充电设备为快充适配器时，充电管理管理集成电路可以输出高电平控制信号至第一MOS管M1的栅极和第二MOS管M2的栅极，使第一MOS管M1和第二MOS管M2均处于导通状态，进而可以通过快充适配器以快充模式为电池单元10进行充电。
进一步的，充电管理集成电路40还可以获取的电流信息、电压信息、电量信息、温度信息来反馈调节充电电路50输出的充电电流或充电电压以输出适用于为电池单元10充电的点信号。
可选的，充电电路50还可以包括多个电子开关管，其多个电子电子开关管均以串联的形式接在电池单元10与接口模块20之间。在本申请实施例中，对充电电路50中的电子开关管的数量以及类型不做进一步的限定，只要多个电子开关管能够在充电管理管理集成电路的控制下均能够处于导通状态，以使充电设备为电池单元10进行充电即可。
在其中一个实施例中，电池单元10还可包括n个依次串联的电池。其中，n个依次串联的电池可分别记为第一电池、第二电池、…第n电池，其中，n≥2。示例性的，如图2所示，以n＝2为例进行说明，电池单元10包括两个依次串联的电池，可记为第一电池T1和第二电池T2。其中，电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚403、端电压检测引脚407和负电压检测引脚404。其中，正电压检测引脚403与第一电池T1的正极耳连接，端电压检测引脚407与第二电池T2的正极耳连接，负电压检测引脚404与第二电池T2的负极耳连接。
可选的，当n＞2时，其中，电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚403、负电压检测引脚404和n-1个端电压检测引脚。具体的，第一电池的正极耳与正电压检测引脚403连接，第n电池的负极耳与负电压检测引脚404连接，相邻两个电池的公共端一一对应与n-1个端电压检测引脚连接。示例性的，n-1个端电压检测引脚可分别记为端电压检测引脚407 1、407 2、…、407 n-1。也可以理解为，第二电池至第n电池的正极耳一一对应与一个端电压检测引脚连接。也即，第二电池的正极耳与端电压检测引脚407 1连接，第三电池的正极耳与端电压检测引脚407 2连接，以此类推，第n电池的正极耳与端电压检测引脚407 n-1连接。
充电管理集成电路40可对应获取每个电压检测引脚的检测的电压信号进而可对应获取每个电池的电压信号，并根据每一电池的电压信号获取电池单元10的电压信号。示例性的， 第一电池T1的电压信息可以根据正电压检测引脚403和端电压检测引脚407的信号来计算获得，第二电池T2的电压信息可以根据端电压检测引脚407与负电压检测引脚404的信号来计算获得。电池单元10的电压信号可以为每个电池电压信息的和值。
在其中一个实施例中，该电池单元10中包括多个串联的电池。电池单元10在充电状态或放电状态均有可能出现电池容量的不匹配的情况，电池容量的不匹配可包括充电状态(SOC)失配和容量/能量(C/E)失配。当电池容量不匹配时，则需要对电池单元10进行均衡处理。电量检测装置还包括第一均衡电路60，充电管理集成电路40还被配置有第一均衡引脚，第一均衡电路60分别与电池单元10、第一均衡引脚连接。充电管理集成电路40还用于控制第一均衡引脚输出第一均衡信号；第一均衡电路60用于根据第一均衡信号对多个电池进行均衡。
进一步的，第一均衡引脚的数量与电池的数量相等，均为n个。第一均衡电路60包括n个级联的第一均衡单元610。每一级第一均衡单元610的第一端一一对应与一个电池的正极连接，每一级第一均衡单元610的第三端一一对应与一个均衡引脚连接；第n-1级第一均衡单元610的第二端与第n级第一均衡单元610的第一端连接，第n级第一均衡单元610的第二端接地。
第一均衡单元610第一均衡单元610参考图2，具体的，第一均衡单元610包括第一均衡电阻和第一均衡电子管；第一均衡电阻的第一端作为第一均衡单元610的第一端与电池的正极连接，第一均衡电阻的第二端与第一均衡电子管的第一端连接，第一均衡电子管的第二端作为第一均衡单元610的第二端，第一均衡电子管的第三端作为第一均衡单元610的第三端。
在其中一个实施例中，第一均衡电子管510可以为MOS管。其中，MOS管的漏极作为第一均衡电子管的第一端，MOS管的源极作为第一均衡电子管的第二端，MOS管的栅极作为第一均衡电子管的第三端。
示例性的，当电池单元10包括第一电池T1和第二电池T2时，MOS管M3和电阻R1用于为第一电池T1均衡，MOS管M4和电阻R2用于为第二电池T2均衡。其中，MOS管M3的漏极经电阻R1与第一电池T1的正极耳连接；MOS管M4的漏极经电阻R2与第二电池T2的正极耳连接；MOS管M3的源极与MOS管M4的漏极连接，MOS管M3的栅极与第一均衡引脚408连接，MOS管M4的栅极与第一均衡引脚409连接。
当多个电池的电压信号符合均衡条件时，控制第一均衡引脚408、409对应输出均衡信号以使第一均衡电路60的多个第一均衡单元610对多个电池进行均衡。
当外接的充电设备为多个串联的电池充电时，若多个电池之间的电压差大于预设电压值时，则符合该该均衡条件。示例性的，若外接的充电设备为串联的第一电池T1和第二电池T2充电时，充电管理集成电路40可通过电压检测引脚、电流检测引脚对应获取第一电池T1和第二电池T2的电流和电压值。例如，当第一电池T1的电压大于第二电池T2的电压时，则充电管理集成电路40可控制导通与第一电池T1并联的MOS管M3，并关闭与第二电池T2并联的MOS管M4，此时，可继续保持充电，流经第一电池T1的电流就可以小于流经第二电池T2的电流，让第二电池T2的电压升高，以使第一电池T1与第二电池T2的电压保持均衡。反之，若第一电池T1的电压小于第二电池T2的电压时，则充电管理集成电路40可控制关闭与第一电池T1并联的MOS管M3，并导通与第二电池T2并联的MOS管M4，此时，可继续保持充电，流经第一电池T1的电流就可以大于流经第二电池T2的电流，让第一电池T1的电压升高，以使第一电池T1与第二电池T2的电压差保持在一定范围内。
需要说明的是，当电池单元10包括n个串联的电池时，可以对应设置n个第一均衡单元610，通过检测并获取每个电池的电压信号，若某一个或多个电池的电压符合均衡条件时，可以对应控制与该电池并联的MOS管的通断状态，以使每个电池的电压差均不保持在一定范围内，以实现均衡。
本申请实施例中，通过给充电管理集成电路40配置相应的均衡引脚，并对应设置第一均衡电路60，就可以实现对多个串联的电池的均衡处理，可以代替传统均衡电路中的均衡IC， 简化了均衡电路，并降低了成本。
在其中一个实施例中，电池单元10还可包括n个依次并联的电池。其中，n个依次并联的电池可分别记为第一电池T1、第二电池T2、…第n电池，其中，n≥2。示例性的，如图3所示，以n＝2为例进行说明，电池单元10包括两个依次并联的电池，可记为第一电池T1和第二电池T2。正电流检测引脚401与电池单元10的正极端连接，负电流检测引脚402与电池单元10的负极端连接，可用于检测电池单元10的电流信号。其中，电压检测引脚包括两对正电压检测引脚403和负电压检测引脚404(4031,4041)、(4032,4042)。其中，第一电池T1的正极耳与正电压检测引脚4031连接，第一电池T1的负极耳与负电压检测引脚4041连接，第二电池T2的正极耳与正电压检测引脚4032连接，第二电池T2的负极耳与负电压检测引脚4042连接。
可选的，当n＞2时，每一电池的正、负极耳对应与一对正电压检测引脚403、负电压检测引脚404连接。示例性的，n对正电压检测引脚403和负电压检测引脚404可分别用(4031,4041)、(4032,4042)、…、(403n,404n)来表示。其中403为正电压检测引脚403、404为负电压检测引脚404。其中，第一电池T1的正极耳与正电压检测引脚4031连接，第一电池T1的负极耳与负电压检测引脚4041连接，相应的，第n电池的正极耳与正电压检测引脚403n连接，第一电池T1的负极耳与负电压检测引脚404n连接。
充电管理集成电路40可对应获取每个电压检测引脚的检测的电压信号进而可对应获取每个电池的电压信号，并根据每一电池的电压信号获取电池单元10的电压信号。示例性的，第一电池T1的电压信息可以根据正电压检测引脚4031和负电压检测引脚4041的差值来计算获得，第二电池T2的电压信息可以根据正电压检测引脚4032和负电压检测引脚4042的差值来计算获得来计算获得。充电管理集成电路40进一步可以根据第一电池T1和第二电池T2的电压信息以获取电池单元10的电压信息。
在其中一个实施例中，该电池单元10中包括多个并联的电池。电池单元10在充电状态或放电状态均有可能出现电池容量的不匹配的情况，电池容量的不匹配可包括充电状态(SOC)失配和容量/能量(C/E)失配。当电池容量不匹配时，则需要对电池单元10进行均衡处理。该电流检测装置还包括第二均衡电路70，充电管理集成电路40还被配置有第二均衡引脚，第二均衡电路70分别与电池单元10、第二均衡引脚连接。充电管理集成电路40还用于控制第二均衡引脚输出第二均衡信号；第二均衡电路70用于根据第二均衡信号对多个电池进行均衡。
进一步的，第二均衡电路70包括n个第二均衡单元710，第二均衡单元710的第一端一一对应与电池的正极串联，第二均衡单元710的第二端与采样电路30连接；第二均衡单元710的第三端一一对应与第二均衡引脚连接第二均衡单元710第二均衡单元710。
参考图3，具体的，第二均衡单元710包括第二均衡电子管。在其中一个实施例中，第二均衡电子管也可以为MOS管。示例性的，当电池单元10包括第一电池T1和第二电池T2时，MOS管M5用于为第一电池T1均衡，MOS管M6用于为第二电池T2均衡。其中，MOS管M5的源极与第一电池T1的正极耳连接，MOS管M5的漏极与采样电路30连接，MOS管M5的栅极与第二均衡引脚408连接；MOS管M6的源极与第二电池T2的正极耳连接，MOS管M6的漏极与采样电路30连接，MOS管M6的栅极与第二均衡引脚409连接。
当多个电池的电压信号符合均衡条件时，控制第二均衡引脚输出均衡信号以使第二均衡电路70对多个电池进行均衡。
当外接的充电设备为多个并联的电池充电时，充电同属上阻抗差异较大时，充电电流在阻抗小的一侧会更大，当某一电池的电流偏大是，其电压也会偏大，则需要对其进行均衡处理。也即，若多个电池之间的电压差大于预设电压值时，则符合该该均衡条件。示例性的，若外接的充电设备为并联的第一电池T1和第二电池T2充电时，若第一电池T1和第二电池T2的电压差符合该均衡条件时，可以通过第二均衡引脚408或409来对应调节与之连接的MOS管(M5或M6)的Vgs电压，从而改变相应通路中MOS管(M5或M6)的阻抗，以 补偿第一电池T1与第二电池T2之间的阻抗差异。其中，MOS管的Vgs电压越大，MOS管的阻抗越低；MOS管的Vgs电压越小，MOS管的阻抗越大。通过补偿第一电池T1与第二电池T2之间的阻抗差异进而可以对应控制第一电池T1与第二电池T2之间的电流分配关系，确保第一电池T1和第二电池T2的电压差保持在一定范围内，以实现均衡。
需要说明的是，当电池单元10包括n个并联的电池时，可以对应设置n个第二均衡单元710，通过检测并获取每个电池的电压信号，若某一个或多个电池的电压符合均衡条件时，可以对应控制与该电池串联的MOS管的Vgs电压，以使每个电池的电压差均不保持在一定范围内，以实现均衡。
本申请实施例中，通过给充电管理集成电路40配置相应的均衡引脚，并对应设置第二均衡电路70，就可以实现对多个并联的电池的均衡处理，可以代替传统均衡电路中的均衡IC，简化了均衡电路，并降低了成本。
在其中一个实施例中，装置还包括用于检测电池单元10温度信息的温度检测电路。具体地，温度检测电路可为热敏电阻器。示例性的，温度检测电路可以为负温度系数热敏电阻器(NTC)。充电管理集成电路40还被配置有温度检测引脚，温度检测电路的第一端与电池单元10的负极端连接，温度检测电路的第二端与温度检测引脚连接，充电管理集成电路40还用于获取电池单元10的温度信息。
在其中一个实施例中，装置还包括保护电路80，保护电路80分别与电池单元10、充电管理集成电路40连接，保护电路80在充电管理集成电路40保护电路的控制下对电池单元10进行过压互或过流保护、过放或过充保护。
在其中一个实施例中，电量检测装置还包括保护板，该电池单元10、保护电路均设置在该保护板上。进一步的，该保护板还包括连接器850，用于将电池单元10、保护电路连接至充电管理集成电路40、接口模块20。示例性的，该连接器850可以为板对板连接器850(Board-to-board Connectors，BTB)。该连接器850上也设置有多个接口，例如可包括P+接口、P-接口、b+接口、b-接口、NTC接口、Hdis接口、Ldis接口、bc接口等。其中，P+接口用于与正电流检测引脚401连接、P-接口用于与负电流检测引脚402连接、b+接口用于与正电压检测引脚403连接、b-接口用于与负电压检测引脚404连接、Hdis接口用于与均衡引脚连接，Ldis接口用于与均衡引脚连接等等。
需要说明的是，连接器850上接口的数量以及类型需要与电池的数量、连接方式、充电管理集成电路40配置的引脚向匹配。
进一步的，保护电路可包括第一保护单元810、多个背靠背设置的MOS管820、第二保护单元830、三端保险丝840和多个限流电阻。
在其中一个实施例中，如图4所示，当电池为单电芯时，保护电路可包括第一保护单元810、两组背靠背设置的MOS管820、第二保护单元830、三端保险丝840和两个限流电路。
在其中一个实施例中，如图5所示，当电池为双电芯串联时，保护电路可包括第一保护单元810、两组背靠背设置的MOS管820、第二保护单元830、三端保险丝840和第三个限流电阻。
在其中一个实施例中，如图6所示，当电池为双电芯并联时，保护电路可包括第一保护单元810、三组背靠背设置的MOS管820、第二保护单元830、三端保险丝840和四个限流电阻。
第一保护单元810和第二保护单元可用于检测电池单元10的电压和电流，并当电流或电压过高时，第一保护单元810可以驱动背靠背MOS管断开，防止电池过充或过放。当电流或电压过高时，第二保护单元830可以驱动熔断三端保险丝840，防止电池过压或过流引起的安全问题。其中，限流电阻可设置在电池的正极耳与连接器850b+(或b1+、b2+)接口之间，限流电阻设置在电池的负极耳与连接器850b-(或b1-、b2-)接口之间，可以防止误将b+接口与P-接口短路这类异常时，大电流烧坏检压线路造成电池损坏。
上述电量检测装置中各个模块的划分仅用于举例说明，在其他实施例中，可将电量检测 装置按照需要划分为不同的模块，以完成上述电量检测装置的全部或部分功能。
本申请实施例还提供一种电量检测方法，该检测方法应用在上述任一实施例中的电量检测装置中。在其中一个实施例中，电量检测方法包括步骤702-步骤706。
步骤702，接收配置指令；
步骤704，根据配置指令配置电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚；
步骤706，基于电压检测引脚检测电压信号和电流采样引脚检测电流信号获取电池单元10的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息。
充电管理集成电路40可接收配置指令，该配置指令可以理解为用于启动电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚的程序，以使该充电管理集成电路40的电压检测引脚具备电压检测的功能，并使该充电管理集成电路40的电流检测引脚具备电流检测的功能。
在其中一个实施例里中，电流检测引脚的数量为两个，可具体包括正电流检测引脚401和负电流检测引脚402。其中，正电流检测引脚401分别与采样电路30的第一端、电池单元10的正极端连接，负电流检测引脚402分别与采样电路30的第二端、接口模块20连接。
电压检测引脚的数量与电池单元10中电池的数量向关联，其至少包括正电压检测引脚403和负电压检测引脚404。示例性的，当电池单元10仅包括一个电池时，该正电压检测引脚403可与电池的正极耳连接，负电压检测引脚404可与电池的负极耳连接。将电压检测引脚直接与电池的极耳连接，可以减小因通路阻抗造成的误差以提高电压信号的采样精度。
当电池的数量为多个时，且多个电池之间的连接方式不同，其电压检测引脚的数量也不同，电压检测引脚与多个电池之间的连接方式也就不同，其具体的连接方式在后续实施例中进行详细说明。
在其中一个实施例中的，充电管理集成电路40中还集成有高精度的模/数转换器来通过电压检测引脚采集电压信号以及通过电流检测引脚来采集电流信号进行模数转换，以获取电池单元10的电压信息和电流信息。充电管理集成电路40还可以根据获取的电压信息和电流信息来计算当前电池单元10的电量信息。
具体地，当接口模块20外接充电设备为电池单元10充电，或电池单元10处于放电状态时，若充电管理集成电路40采集到当前电池单元10的充电电流或放电电流小于预设值时，可以获取当前电池单元10的电压值，并根据预设的电压值与初始电量的映射关系表来获取初始电量。若充电电流大于或等于预设值时，则可以对电流值进行积分，根据初始电量与该积分进行累计加而获取当前的电量信息；若充电电流大于或等于预设值时，则可以对电流值进行积分，根据初始电量与该积分进行累计减而获取当前的电量信息。
需要说明的是，预设值可以为1mA、2mA、5mA、10mA等，其预设值的大小可以根据电池单元10的内阻、电化学反应的等参数进行设置，在本申请实施例中不做进一步的限定。
本实施例中，通过给充电管理集成电路40配置电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，充电管理集成电路40用于基于电压检测引脚检测电压信号和电流采样引脚检测电流信号获取电池单元10的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息，在不配置使用电量计IC的情况下，也可以获取电池单元10的电量信息，可以简化电量检测的硬件电路，同时还降低了成本。
在其中一个实施例中，当电池单元10包括多个电池时，电量检测方法还包括获取电池单元10中每个电池的电压信号；当每个电池的电压信号符合均衡条件时，控制均衡电路对电池单元10进行均衡处理，其中，均衡电路分别与每个电池连接。
本申请实施例中，通过给充电管理集成电路40配置相应的均衡引脚，并对应设置均衡电路，就可以实现对多个电池的均衡处理，可以代替传统均衡电路中的均衡IC，简化了均衡电路，并降低了成本。
应该理解的是，虽然图7的流程图中的各个步骤按照箭头的指示依次显示，但是这些步骤并不是必然按照箭头指示的顺序依次执行。除非本文中有明确的说明，这些步骤的执行并没有严格的顺序限制，这些步骤可以以其它的顺序执行。而且，图7中的至少一部分步骤可以包括多个子步骤或者多个阶段，这些子步骤或者阶段并不必然是在同一时刻执行完成，而 是可以在不同的时刻执行，这些子步骤或者阶段的执行顺序也不必然是依次进行，而是可以与其它步骤或者其它步骤的子步骤或者阶段的至少一部分轮流或者交替地执行。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。一个或多个包含计算机可执行指令的非易失性计算机可读存储介质，当计算机可执行指令被一个或多个处理器执行时，使得处理器执行充电控制方法的步骤。
一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行充电控制方法。
本申请实施例还提供一种电子设备。如图8所示，在其中一个实施例中，电子设备包括上述任一实施例中的电量检测装置80和处理电路90。其中，处理电路，分别与电池单元810、充电管理集成电路820连接，用于接收充电管理集成电路820输出的电流信号、电压信号及电量信息，并对充电管理集成电路820进行管理。示例性的，处理电路可以系统级芯片(System on Chip，SOC)，系统级芯片是把CPU、GPU、RAM、通信基带、GPS模块等等集成整合在一起。
同时，该充电管理集成电路820还可以接收处理电路输出的调节指令，以调节充电电路输出的充电电流或充电电压。
传统的电子设备中需要设置电量计IC、均衡IC、处理电路和充电管理集成电路820，在传统电子设备中，处理电路需要与电量计IC通信，从电量计IC中去获取电压、电流、电量等参数，同时，处理电路还需要与充电管理集成电路820通信，以获取当前电池电源的充电状态，若出现异常，则可控制充电管理集成电路820关闭充电。而本申请实施例所提供的电子设备中，可以省略电子设备中的电量计IC、均衡IC，电量检测装置可以将获取的电池单元的电压信息、电流信息、电量信息、温度信息直接通过I2C或其他通信总线传输到电子设备的处理电路中，而不需要与电量计IC通信，从电量计IC中去获取电压、电流、电量等参数，仅与充电管理集成电路820通信，简化了电子设备中的电路设计，降低了成本，同时还可以提高通信效率。
该电子设备可以为包括手机、平板电脑、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字助理)、POS(Point of Sales，销售终端)、车载电脑、穿戴式设备等任意终端设备。
以上实施例仅表达了本申请的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本申请专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本申请的保护范围。因此，本申请专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种电量检测装置，其特征在于，包括：
    电池单元；
    采样电路，与所述电池单元连接，用于采集所述电池单元的电流信号；
    充电管理集成电路，被配置有电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，所述电压检测引脚与所述电池单元连接，所述电流检测引脚与所述采样电路连接；其中，
    所述充电管理集成电路，用于基于所述电压检测引脚检测电压信号和基于所述电流采样引脚检测电流信号，以获取所述电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括一个电池，所述电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚和负电压检测引脚，其中，所述电池的正极耳与所述正电压流检测引脚连接；所述电池的负极耳分别与所述负电压检测引脚连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括依次串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚、负电压检测引脚和端电压检测引脚；所述第一电池的正极耳与所述正电压检测引脚连接，所述第二电池的负极耳与所述负电压检测引脚连接，所述第二电池的正极耳与所述端电压检测引脚连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括n个依次串联的电池，所述电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚、负电压检测引脚和n-1个端电压检测引脚；第一电池的正极耳与所述正电压检测引脚连接，第n电池的负极耳与所述负电压检测引脚连接，相邻两个电池的公共端分别一一对应与n-1个端电压检测引脚连接，其中，n>2。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电量检测装置还包括第一均衡电路，所述充电管理集成电路还被配置有第一均衡引脚，所述第一均衡电路分别与所述电池单元、第一均衡引脚连接；
    所述充电管理集成电路还用于控制所述第一均衡引脚输出第一均衡信号；
    所述第一均衡电路用于根据所述第一均衡信号对多个所述电池进行均衡。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一均衡电路包括n个级联的第一均衡单元，所述第一均衡引脚的数量为n个；其中，每一级所述第一均衡单元的第一端一一对应与一个所述电池的正极连接，每一级所述第一均衡单元的第三端一一对应与一个所述均衡引脚连接；第n-1级所述第一均衡单元的第二端与第n级所述第一均衡单元的第一端连接，第n级所述第一均衡单元的第二端接地。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一均衡单元包括第一均衡电阻和第一均衡电子管；所述第一均衡电阻的第一端作为所述第一均衡单元的第一端与所述电池的正极连接，所述第一均衡电阻的第二端与所述第一均衡电子管的第一端连接，所述第一均衡电子管的第二端作为所述第一均衡单元的第二端，所述第一均衡电子管的第三端作为所述第一均衡单元的第三端。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一均衡电子管510为MOS管；其中，所述MOS管的漏极作为所述第一均衡电子管的第一端，所述MOS管的源极作为所述第一均衡电子管的第二端，所述MOS管的栅极作为所述第一均衡电子管的第三端。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括n个并联的电池，所述电压检测引脚包括n对正电压检测引脚和负电压检测引脚；其中，每一所述电池的正、负极耳对应与一对正电压检测引脚、负电压检测引脚连接，其中，n≥2。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，所述电量检测装置还包括第二均衡电路，所述充电管理集成电路还被配置有第二均衡引脚，所述第二均衡电路分别与所述电池单元、第二均衡引脚连接；
    所述充电管理集成电路还用于控制所述第二均衡引脚输出第二均衡信号；
    所述第二均衡电路用于根据所述第二均衡信号对多个所述电池进行均衡。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二均衡电路包括n个第二均衡单元，所述第二均衡引脚的数量为n个；所述第二均衡单元的第一端一一对应与所述电池的正极串联，所述第二均衡单元的第二端与所述采样电路连接；所述第二均衡单元的第三端一一对应与所述第二均衡引脚连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二均衡单元包括第二均衡电子管。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述充电管理集成电路还被配置有用于输出充电指令的控制引脚；
    所述装置还包括：
    接口模块，分别与所述电池单元、充电管理集成电路连接，用于连接充电设备；
    充电电路，分别与所述接口模块、采样电路、控制引脚连接，用于接收所述充电指令，并根据所述充电指令导通所述接口模块与所述电池单元之间的充电通路，以为所述电池单元充电。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述充电电路包括第一MOS管和第二MOS管，其中，所述第一MOS管的栅极和所述第二MOS管的栅极均与所述控制引脚连接；所述第一MOS管的漏极与所述接口模块连接，所述第一MOS管的源极与所述第二MOS管的源极模块连接，所述第二MOS管的漏极与所述采样电路连接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述接口模块接入的充电设备为快充适配器时，所述充电管理管理集成电路输出高电平控制信号至所述第一MOS管的栅极和所述第二MOS管的栅极，使所述第一MOS管和所述第二MOS管均处于导通状态，以为所述电池单元进行充电。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其特征在于，所述采样电路为采样电阻，其中，所述采样电阻的第一端与所述电池单元的正极端连接，所述采样电阻的第二端与所述接口模块连接。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括用于检测所述电池单元温度信息的温度检测电路，所述充电管理集成电路还被配置有温度检测引脚，所述温度检测电路的第一端与所述电池单元的负极端连接，所述温度检测电路的第二端与所述温度检测引脚连接；
    所述充电管理集成电路还用于获取所述温度信息。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括保护电路，所述保护电路分别与所述电池单元、充电管理集成电路连接；
    所述保护电路用于对所述电池单元进行过压或过流保护。
  19. 一种电量检测方法，包括：
    接收配置指令；
    根据所述配置指令配置电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚；其中，所述正电流检测引脚分别与采样电路的第一端、电池单元的正极端连接，所述负电流检测引脚与采样电路的第二端连接；所述采用电路用于采集所述电池单元的电流信号；
    基于所述电压检测引脚检测的电压信号和所述电流采样引脚检测的电流信号获取电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括多个电池，所述方法还包括：
    获取所述电池单元中每个所述电池的电压信号；
    当每个所述电池的电压信号符合均衡条件时，控制均衡电路对所述电池单元进行均衡处理，其中，所述均衡电路分别与每个所述电池连接。
  21. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：
    电池单元；
    采样电路，与所述电池单元连接，用于采集所述电池单元的电流信号；
    充电管理集成电路，被配置有电压检测引脚和电流检测引脚，所述电压检测引脚与所述电池单元连接，所述电流检测引脚与所述采样电路连接；其中，
    所述充电管理集成电路，用于基于所述电压检测引脚检测电压信号和基于所述电流采样引脚检测电流信号，以获取所述电池单元的电压信息、电流信息和电量信息；
    处理电路，分别与所述电池单元、充电管理集成电路连接，用于接收所述充电管理集成电路输出的电流信号、电压信号及电量信息，并对所述充电管理集成电路进行管理。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括一个电池，所述电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚和负电压检测引脚，其中，所述电池的正极耳与所述正电压流检测引脚连接；所述电池的负极耳分别与所述负电压检测引脚连接。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括依次串联的第一电池和第二电池，所述电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚、负电压检测引脚和端电压检测引脚；所述第一电池的正极耳与所述正电压检测引脚连接，所述第二电池的负极耳与所述负电压检测引脚连接，所述第二电池的正极耳与所述端电压检测引脚连接。
  24. 根据权利要求21所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括n个依次串联的电池，所述电压检测引脚包括正电压检测引脚、负电压检测引脚和n-1个端电压检测引脚；第一电池的正极耳与所述正电压检测引脚连接，第n电池的负极耳与所述负电压检测引脚连接，相邻两个电池的公共端分别一一对应与n-1个端电压检测引脚连接，其中，n>2。
  25. 根据权利要求21所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电池单元包括n个并联的电池，所述电压检测引脚包括n对正电压检测引脚和负电压检测引脚；其中，每一所述电池的正、负极耳对应与一对正电压检测引脚、负电压检测引脚连接，其中，n≥2。
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