WO2021164755A1 - 奥拉帕尼药物组合物及其制剂、制备方法和用途 - Google Patents

奥拉帕尼药物组合物及其制剂、制备方法和用途 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021164755A1
WO2021164755A1 PCT/CN2021/077009 CN2021077009W WO2021164755A1 WO 2021164755 A1 WO2021164755 A1 WO 2021164755A1 CN 2021077009 W CN2021077009 W CN 2021077009W WO 2021164755 A1 WO2021164755 A1 WO 2021164755A1
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carrier material
pharmaceutical composition
cyclodextrin
olaparib
composition
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English (en)
French (fr)
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沈建人
李钊
李坤
方云
万建胜
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SINOTHERAPEUTICS Inc
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SINOTHERAPEUTICS Inc
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Priority to US17/904,636 priority Critical patent/US20230025316A1/en
Priority to EP21757123.1A priority patent/EP4108236A4/en
Publication of WO2021164755A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021164755A1/zh
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2095—Tabletting processes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/495—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with two or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring heteroatoms, e.g. piperazine or tetrazines
    • A61K31/50—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines
    • A61K31/502—Pyridazines; Hydrogenated pyridazines ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic ring systems, e.g. cinnoline, phthalazine
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/06—Organic compounds, e.g. natural or synthetic hydrocarbons, polyolefins, mineral oil, petrolatum or ozokerite
    • A61K47/22—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. ascorbic acid, tocopherol or pyrrolidones
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyesters, polyamino acids, polysiloxanes, polyphosphazines, copolymers of polyalkylene glycol or poloxamers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
    • A61K47/30—Macromolecular organic or inorganic compounds, e.g. inorganic polyphosphates
    • A61K47/36—Polysaccharides; Derivatives thereof, e.g. gums, starch, alginate, dextrin, hyaluronic acid, chitosan, inulin, agar or pectin
    • A61K47/40—Cyclodextrins; Derivatives thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/0012—Galenical forms characterised by the site of application
    • A61K9/0053—Mouth and digestive tract, i.e. intraoral and peroral administration
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2013—Organic compounds, e.g. phospholipids, fats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/2027—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyvinyl pyrrolidone, poly(meth)acrylates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
    • A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
    • A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
    • A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
    • A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
    • A61K9/141—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers
    • A61K9/146—Intimate drug-carrier mixtures characterised by the carrier, e.g. ordered mixtures, adsorbates, solid solutions, eutectica, co-dried, co-solubilised, co-kneaded, co-milled, co-ground products, co-precipitates, co-evaporates, co-extrudates, co-melts; Drug nanoparticles with adsorbed surface modifiers with organic macromolecular compounds

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of pharmaceutical preparations, and in particular to a pharmaceutical composition containing olaparib and its preparation, preparation method and application.
  • olaparib also known as olaparib, Olaparib
  • olaparib is 4-[3-(4-cyclopropanecarboxy-piperazine-1-carboxy)-4-fluoro-benzyl]-2H-phenol Azin-1-one
  • the molecular formula is C 24 H 23 FN 4 O 3
  • the CAS registration number is 763113-22-0
  • structural formula is as follows:
  • Olapanib is a polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase (PARR) inhibitor for tumor treatment. It has been approved for marketing in the United States, Europe, Japan and China for ovarian cancer, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer. In addition, related clinical trials for prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer and other malignant tumors are underway.
  • PARR polyadenosine diphosphate ribose polymerase
  • CN102238945A discloses a solid dispersion containing olaparib and copovidone VA 64, which is prepared by a hot melt extrusion method.
  • CN104434809A uses povidone instead of copovidone as the matrix polymer, and discloses solid dispersion particles composed of olaparib, povidone and a lubricant. The hygroscopicity of the composition is lower than that of the comparative example with copovidone as the carrier.
  • the preparation method is hot melt extrusion.
  • CN106692066A discloses a solid dispersion of olaparib, povidone or copovidone, which is prepared by a hot melt extrusion method.
  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the active ingredient olaparib and the carrier material cyclodextrin.
  • the cyclodextrin is selected from the group consisting of ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, ⁇ -cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl ⁇ -cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl ⁇ -cyclodextrin, and sulfobutyl ⁇ -cyclodextrin.
  • dextrin and methyl ⁇ cyclodextrin preferably hydroxypropyl ⁇ cyclodextrin.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may also include a second carrier material.
  • the second carrier material is selected from copovidone, povidone, polyethylene caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, polyoxyethylene, hypromellose and derivatives thereof One or more of hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, acrylic resin, carbomer; more preferably, the second The carrier material is one or more selected from copovidone, polyethylene glycol/vinylcaprolactam/vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, hypromellose and its derivatives; particularly preferably, the The second carrier material is one or more selected from copovidone, polyethylene glycol/vinyl caprolactam/vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further include a solubilizer, such as polyethylene glycol 1000 vitamin E succinate (TPGS).
  • TPGS polyethylene glycol 1000 vitamin E succinate
  • the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical preparation comprising the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
  • the present invention also relates to the use of the pharmaceutical composition or pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of malignant tumors or related diseases.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for treating malignant tumors or related diseases, the method comprising administering the pharmaceutical composition or pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention to an individual in need thereof.
  • the pharmaceutical composition or pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention can be used to treat malignant tumors or related diseases.
  • the malignant tumors or related diseases include, but are not limited to, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, prostate cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, esophageal cancer, or gastric cancer.
  • Figure 1 shows olaparib-hydroxypropyl ⁇ cyclodextrin (Kleptose) and/or The Tg value corresponding to different Kleptose content in the pharmaceutical composition made of VA64 carrier.
  • Figure 2 shows olaparib-Kleptose and/or XRPD pattern of the pharmaceutical composition prepared by the carrier.
  • Figure 3 shows olaparib-Kleptose and/or The dissolution curve of pharmaceutical composition 2-3 and olaparib raw material prepared by mixed carrier in pH 6.8 buffer.
  • Figure 4 shows olaparib-Kleptose and/or The dissolution rate of the olaparib composition corresponding to the different Kleptose content in the pharmaceutical composition prepared by mixing the carrier (the weight ratio of olaparib to the carrier material is 1:2.3) in the pH 6.8 buffer.
  • Figure 5 shows olaparib-Kleptose and/or The average blood concentration-time curve of olaparib after the carrier-made composition 2-1 and composition 2-3 were administered to human subjects under fasting conditions.
  • metering ratio refers to the proportioning of various substances according to a certain weight.
  • the active ingredient such as olaparib
  • the carrier material optionally pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients in a specified weight ratio.
  • one (one) or more (one) species can mean 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 (one) species or more (one) species.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable refers to a substance that, within the scope of normal medical judgment, is suitable for contact with the patient's tissue without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic reactions, etc., and has a reasonable ratio of advantages and disadvantages. And can be effectively used for its purpose.
  • composition refers to a substance consisting of one or more active ingredients, a carrier material and optionally one or more pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients.
  • a composition for short for example, the pharmaceutical composition 1-1 can be referred to as a composition 1-1 for short.
  • blank composition refers to a pharmaceutical composition that does not contain active ingredients but only contains carrier materials and optionally other pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients.
  • pharmaceutical product refers to a pharmaceutical composition administered to a patient in need of treatment, which usually can be in the following forms: powders, granules, pills, capsules , Tablets, solutions, suspensions or patches, etc.
  • the term "dispersed at the molecular level” means that the drug is dispersed in the carrier material to form a single-phase pharmaceutical composition.
  • the term means that olaparib is dispersed in a carrier material to form a single-phase pharmaceutical composition (also called a solid solution, dispersion or solid dispersion), and the Tg of the resulting olaparib pharmaceutical composition The value is different from the Tg value of the carrier material and olaparib bulk drug.
  • bioavailability refers to the degree to which a drug or other substance can be used by the body after administration.
  • time to peak plasma drug concentration refers to the time to reach the peak plasma drug concentration (C max ) after drug administration.
  • peak plasma drug concentration (C max ) refers to the maximum plasma drug concentration reached after drug administration.
  • AUC 0- ⁇ refers to the area under the curve of the plasma drug concentration versus time curve from 0 to infinity after drug administration; and the term “AUC 0-t” refers to the plasma drug concentration versus time from 0 to t after drug administration. The area under the curve of the time curve.
  • Ratio A herein means the weight ratio of the active ingredient to the carrier material cyclodextrin (the first carrier material) in the composition or preparation, and the calculation method is based on the active ingredient.
  • Ratio B herein refers to the weight ratio of the active ingredient to the second carrier material in the composition or preparation, and the calculation method is based on the active ingredient.
  • C% herein means the weight percentage of the first carrier material to the sum of the first carrier material and the second carrier.
  • C% can be expressed as "cyclodextrin/(cyclodextrin+second carrier)%", specific examples are Kleptose/(Kleptose+ VA64)%.
  • polyethylene caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer refers to a copolymer containing vinyl caprolactam, vinyl acetate and ethylene glycol structural units, which can also be expressed as "polyethylene two Alcohol/Vinyl Caprolactam/Vinyl Acetate Copolymer".
  • the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the active ingredient olaparib and the carrier material cyclodextrin.
  • active ingredient olaparib other pharmaceutically acceptable forms thereof are also encompassed, including but not limited to pharmaceutically acceptable salts, esters, solvates (such as hydrates), derivatives and the like.
  • solvates such as hydrates
  • derivatives such as hydrates
  • Those skilled in the art should understand that when calculating olaparib in a composition or formulation, other forms of olaparib (if any) should be converted into their corresponding free forms.
  • the cyclodextrin is selected from ⁇ cyclodextrin, ⁇ cyclodextrin, ⁇ cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl ⁇ cyclodextrin, hydroxypropyl ⁇ cyclodextrin, sulfobutyl ⁇ cyclodextrin , One or more of methylcyclodextrin.
  • the cyclodextrin is hydroxypropyl beta cyclodextrin.
  • An example that can be used is Kleptose, a commercially available product of Roquette, France, but it is not limited to this.
  • the weight ratio (A) of the active ingredient olaparib to the carrier material cyclodextrin is about 1:0.5 to about 1:5, preferably about 1:0.5 to about 1:4, more preferably About 1:0.5-about 1:3; for example, including but not limited to about 1:0.6, about 1:0.7, about 1:0.8, about 1:0.9, about 1:1, about 1:1.2, about 1:1.3, about 1:1.4, about 1:1.5, about 1:1.6, about 1:1.8, about 1:2.0, about 1:2.2, about 1:2.3, about 1:2.4, about 1:2.6, about 1:2.8, about 1:3, etc., and a range composed of any two of these ratios (values).
  • the pharmaceutical composition may also include a second carrier material.
  • second carrier material is only to distinguish it from the carrier material cyclodextrin (also referred to as “first carrier material” or “first carrier material cyclodextrin”), not They are distinguished in terms of nature, use, or order.
  • the second carrier material is selected from the group consisting of copovidone, povidone, polyethylene caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer, polyoxyethylene, hypromellose and One or more of its derivatives, hydroxypropyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, acrylic resin, and carbomer.
  • the second carrier material is one selected from the group consisting of copovidone, polyethylene glycol/vinylcaprolactam/vinyl acetate copolymer, acrylic resin, hypromellose and its derivatives. Many kinds.
  • the second carrier material is one or more selected from copovidone, polyethylene glycol/vinyl caprolactam/vinyl acetate copolymer.
  • the second carrier material is polyethylene glycol/vinyl caprolactam/vinyl acetate copolymer. Examples that can be used are commercially available products from BASF But it is not limited to this.
  • the second carrier material is copovidone.
  • copovidone examples that can be used are commercially available products from BASF VA64 or Ashland Plasdone TM S630, but not limited to this.
  • the weight ratio (B) of the active ingredient olaparib to the second carrier material is about 1:0.5 to about 1:5, preferably about 1:0.5 to about 1:3, more preferably about 1. :0.5-about 1:2.5; for example, including but not limited to about 1:0.5, about 1:0.6, about 1:0.7, about 1:0.8, about 1:0.9, about 1:1, about 1:1.1, about 1 :1.2, about 1:1.3, about 1:1.5, about 1:1.6, about 1:1.7, about 1:1.9, about 1:2, about 1:2.1, about 1:2.3, about 1:2.5, etc., and A range composed of any two of these ratios (values).
  • the weight ratio of the first carrier material cyclodextrin to the second carrier material is about 1:1 to about 1:10, preferably about 1:1.5 to about 1:8, preferably about 1:1 to about 1:1. 1:8, more preferably about 1:1 to about 1:3, such as about 1:1, about 1:1.5, about 1:2, about 1:3, about 1:4, about 1:5, about 1: 8. Approximately 1:10, etc., and a range composed of any two of these ratios (values).
  • the weight ratio of the active ingredient olaparib, the first carrier material cyclodextrin, and the second carrier material is about 1:0.5:0.5 to about 1:2.0:3.0, preferably about 1:0.5: 0.5-about 1:1.5:2.5, more preferably about 1:0.5:0.5-about 1:1:2.2; for example, including but not limited to about 1:0.6:1.7, about 1:0.7:1.6, about 1:0.8: 1.5, about 1:0.9:0.9, about 1::1:1, about 1:1.1:1.9, about 1:1.2:1.8, about 1:1.5:1.5, about 1:1.0:2, etc., and by these ratios ( Value) is a range formed by any two of them.
  • the ratio of the total weight of the active ingredient olaparib to the carrier material is about 1:0.5 to about 1:5, preferably about 1: 0.5-about 1:4, more preferably about 1:0.5-about 1:3, for example including but not limited to about 1:0.6, about 1:0.7, about 1:0.8, about 1:0.9, about 1:1 About 1:1.1, about 1:1.2, about 1:1.3, about 1:1.4, about 1:1.5, about 1:1.6, about 1:1.7, about 1:1.8, about 1:1.9, about 1:2.0, About 1:2.1, about 1:2.2, about 1:2.3, about 1:2.4, about 1:2.5, about 1:2.6, about 1:2.7, about 1:2.8, about 1:2.9, about 1:3, etc. And a range composed of any two of these ratios (values).
  • C% may be about 9%-50%, preferably about 11%-50%, more preferably about 29%-50%, such as about 17%, about 20%, about 25% , About 33%, about 50%, etc., and a range composed of any two of these ratios (values).
  • olaparib is dissolved in the carrier material or dispersed in the carrier material at the molecular level.
  • the carrier material refers to the first carrier material or the first and second carrier materials (if present).
  • the pharmaceutical composition may further include a solubilizer.
  • the solubilizer is preferably polyethylene glycol 1000 vitamin E succinate (D- ⁇ -tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, also known as TPGS, Vitamin E TPGS or Tocophersolan).
  • the TPGS applicable in the present invention is a water-soluble derivative of vitamin E, which is formed by esterifying the carboxyl group of vitamin E succinate (VES) with polyethylene glycol (PEG) 1000, and has a relative molecular weight of about 1513. It has been included in the United States Pharmacopoeia.
  • TPGS not only acts as a solubilizer in the pharmaceutical compositions and pharmaceutical preparations of the present invention, but also helps to improve bioavailability by affecting the efflux of drugs.
  • An example of usable TPGS is Kolliphor TM TPGS, a commercially available product of BASF, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the amount of solubilizer used is not particularly limited, and can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
  • the weight ratio of the solubilizer relative to the total weight of the active ingredient olaparib, the first carrier material cyclodextrin and/or the second carrier material and TPGS is about 0.5-12%, preferably about 7-11% .
  • the present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical preparation comprising the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation and/or pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may further include pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable excipients are used to assist in the preparation and improve the dosage form (such as stability, uniformity, etc.), and will not substantially change the pharmaceutical composition/preparation of the present invention, especially The nature of the active ingredient.
  • Those skilled in the art can adjust the type and/or content of these excipients according to actual needs without affecting the properties of the pharmaceutical composition/preparation of the present invention.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable excipients include, but are not limited to, one or more of glidants, surfactants, pH adjusters, diluents, disintegrants, binders, and lubricants.
  • the glidant may be one or more of colloidal silica and talc.
  • the surfactant can be polyoxyethylene castor oil derivative, polyoxyethylene glyceryl stearate, polyethylene glycol castor oil derivative, block copolymer of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, polyoxyethylene glyceryl stearate, One or more of mono-fatty acid esters of oxyethylene (20) sorbitol, polyethylene glycol fatty acid esters, alkylene glycol fatty acid monoesters, and sorbitan fatty acid monoesters.
  • the pH adjusting agent may be one of citric acid, acetic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, benzoic acid, mandelic acid, and ascorbic acid.
  • citric acid acetic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, succinic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, benzoic acid, mandelic acid, and ascorbic acid.
  • citric acid acetic acid
  • fumaric acid maleic acid
  • tartaric acid malic acid
  • succinic acid oxalic acid
  • malonic acid oxalic acid
  • benzoic acid mandelic acid
  • mandelic acid preferably one or more of citric acid.
  • the diluent may be one or more of microcrystalline cellulose, starch, pregelatinized starch, lactose, mannitol, and dibasic calcium phosphate.
  • the disintegrant may be microcrystalline cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, crospovidone, croscarmellose sodium, carboxymethyl cellulose calcium, sodium carboxymethyl starch, low-substituted hydroxy One or more of propyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl starch, alginic acid, sodium alginate, guar gum, corn starch and magnesium aluminum silicate, preferably croscarmellose sodium.
  • the binder can be polyethylene glycol, starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, pregelatinized starch, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum arabic powder and gelatin, preferably starch, pregelatinized One of starch, modified starch, microcrystalline cellulose, silicified microcrystalline cellulose, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose glucose, sucrose, lactose, sorbitol, mannitol, erythritol, calcium carbonate and calcium hydrogen phosphate Or more, preferably one or more of mannitol, microcrystalline cellulose and silicified microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the lubricant may be magnesium stearate, stearic acid, stearate, sodium stearyl fumarate, sodium lauryl sulfate, polyethylene glycol, sodium benzoate, sucrose fatty acid ester, One or more of micronized silica gel, talc, glyceryl monostearate, glyceryl behenate, glyceryl palmitoyl stearate, stearic acid and hydrogenated vegetable oil.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients listed above are only illustrative and representative. Therefore, the pharmaceutical preparations of the present invention are not limited to only include the pharmaceutically acceptable excipients listed above. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, adjustments, or equivalent replacements to the above-mentioned auxiliary materials according to conventional techniques, all without exceeding the protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should also understand that the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention may also contain pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, such as those described above.
  • composition of the present invention can be further combined with pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients as required to prepare various dosage forms.
  • the pharmaceutical preparation may be in the form of powder, granules, pills, capsules or tablets.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for preparing the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, which comprises
  • step 2) Add the material of step 1) to the hot melt extruder, and extrude at about 120°C-190°C;
  • step 2) The extrudate obtained in step 2) is cooled, crushed, and sieved to obtain the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the carrier material referred to in step 1) may include cyclodextrin, and may further include a second carrier material.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients can be added in step 1) and/or step 2). The addition of these materials can be carried out according to the required metering ratio.
  • the temperature in step 2) may be 120°C-190°C, for example, about 170-190°C, about 160-190°C, or 140-about 180°C. If necessary, the hot melt extruder can be preheated to the above temperature before or at the same time as the above method steps are performed.
  • the hot melt extruder can be fed with a mixture of well-mixed olaparib, carrier materials and optionally pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients (or a well-mixed metering ratio of olaparib).
  • a mixture of Ni, carrier material, TPGS and optionally pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients or directly fed into the hot melt extruder with metered ratio of olaparib, carrier material and optionally Pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients (or directly fed olaparib, carrier material, TPGS and optionally pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients). Then it is extruded, and the obtained extrudate is cooled, pulverized and sieved, and optionally mixed with pharmaceutically acceptable pharmaceutical excipients, thereby obtaining the pharmaceutical composition.
  • the cooling method used is not particularly limited, and it may include air cooling, water cooling, mechanical cooling, and the like.
  • the type of extruder suitable for the present invention is not particularly limited, which includes, but is not limited to, single-screw or twin-screw type hot melt extruders.
  • the extruder used to prepare the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is a twin screw type extruder.
  • the type of screw rotation which includes, but is not limited to, co-rotating twin-screw, counter-rotating twin-screw, and double-cone-type screw rotation modes.
  • the extruder used to prepare the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention is preferably a co-rotating twin screw type extruder.
  • the temperature of the hot melt extruder is about 160 to about 190°C, and the screw speed is about 120 to about 180 rpm.
  • the ratio of screw length to diameter (L/D) can be selected from about 25 to about 40. If the temperature of the hot-melt extruder is too low, the L/D is too short, and the screw speed is too slow, the heat and mechanical energy provided during the hot-melting process will be insufficient, and the olaparib, carrier material or TPGS will not reach the molten state, or Lapani cannot be dissolved in the molten carrier material.
  • a single-phase solid dispersion (solid solution) in which olaparib is dissolved or molecularly dispersed in the carrier material cannot be obtained. If the temperature of the hot-melt extruder is too high, the L/D is too long, and the screw speed is too fast, the thermal and mechanical energy will be provided excessively during the hot-melting process, even if the obtained olaparib is dissolved or dispersed at the molecular level.
  • the single-phase solid dispersion (solid solution) in the carrier material can also cause unnecessary degradation of olaparib and/or the carrier material and/or TPGS.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention in addition to the hot-melt extrusion method, can also be prepared by, for example, a solution evaporation method, a spray drying method, or a co-precipitation method. These methods are also within the scope of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition containing olaparib, which increases the absorption and bioavailability of the active ingredient olaparib in the body, reduces the energy consumption of production, and improves production efficiency.
  • the active ingredient olaparib is dispersed in the cyclodextrin carrier material or the overall carrier material (in the case of a second or other carrier material), which can improve olaparib
  • the solubility in the gastrointestinal tract increases the absorption of olaparib in the body and improves the bioavailability in the body.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention also has better production process characteristics, such as easy grinding, better compressibility, short disintegration time, etc., which reduces production energy consumption and increases production efficiency.
  • first carrier material cyclodextrin and the second carrier material are used in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
  • the first carrier material cyclodextrin and the second carrier material for example, polyethylene glycol/vinylcaprolactam/vinyl acetate copolymer such as Soluplus, and/or copovidone are used in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention.
  • Such as Kollidon VA64 or Ashland Plasdone S630 as a mixed carrier material, can further improve the solubility of olaparib in the gastrointestinal tract, thereby further improving the absorption and bioavailability of olaparib.
  • TPGS polyethylene glycol 1000 vitamin E succinate
  • olaparib raw material active ingredient
  • hydroxypropyl ⁇ cyclodextrin can be purchased from Roquette, France
  • polyethylene glycol/vinyl caprolactam/vinyl acetate copolymer TPGS can be purchased from BASF Company
  • copovidone can be purchased from BASF Company or Ashland Company.
  • Glass transition temperature (Tg) accurately weigh more than 3mg of the test substance (such as olaparib bulk drug (hereinafter referred to as bulk drug), drug-loaded composition (ie, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention) or blank combination (Object) Carry out Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (mDSC, TA Q2000 Differential Scanning Calorimeter), and the scanning temperature range is 40-180°C.
  • test substance such as olaparib bulk drug (hereinafter referred to as bulk drug), drug-loaded composition (ie, the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention) or blank combination (Object)
  • mDSC Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry
  • TA Q2000 Differential Scanning Calorimeter Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry
  • Powder X-ray Diffraction Take an appropriate amount of the test substance (raw drug, drug-loaded composition or blank composition), and record the powder X-ray diffraction pattern under the conditions of Cu target, voltage 45kv, and current 45mA (manufactured by BRUKER) D8ADVANCE X-ray diffractometer).
  • Dissolution sample analysis method the same as the HPLC analysis method described in the above apparent solubility determination.
  • Example 1 Pharmaceutical composition of olaparib-cyclodextrin
  • composition and dosage of each component of the olaparib-cyclodextrin pharmaceutical composition are shown in Table 1-1.
  • Preparation method mix olaparib and carrier material cyclodextrin (hydroxypropyl ⁇ cyclodextrin, Kleptose) and/or TPGS and other auxiliary ingredients directly or in a mixer according to the amount shown in Table 1-1
  • the material is fed into the hopper of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (Omicron 12, Steer, India), and the temperature of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder is controlled between about 170 and about 190°C for extrusion.
  • the rotation speed is about 120 to about 170 rpm.
  • the obtained extrudate is cooled, crushed and sieved to obtain a pharmaceutical composition.
  • Table 1-1 Composition of olaparib-cyclodextrin pharmaceutical composition and dosage of each component (weight%)
  • the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the pharmaceutical composition is determined
  • composition 1-1 the weight ratio of the bulk drug (i.e. active ingredient) and the carrier material cyclodextrin (Kleptose) in the pharmaceutical composition from 1:1.8 (composition 1-1) to 1:5 (composition 1-6)
  • the apparent solubility increased from 0.42mg/ml to 0.60mg/ml. It can be seen that the apparent solubility has a limited change, which indicates that the weight ratio of the active ingredient and the carrier material cyclodextrin has little effect on the solubility of olaparib. And when the carrier material is increased to a certain extent (composition 1-5 and composition 1-6), the solubility basically remains unchanged.
  • composition 1-3 composition 1-3
  • composition 1-2 composition 1-2
  • solubility of olaparib can also be greatly improved.
  • the main absorption site of drugs in the human body is the small intestine, and the pH value of the environment in the small intestine is about 6.8. According to the method described above, the dissolution rate of each olaparib-cyclodextrin pharmaceutical composition in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1-4.
  • the dissolution rate of the bulk drug in 2h is only 40.2%.
  • the dissolution rate of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention in the pH 6.8 phosphate buffer solution at the end of 2h is higher than 85%, and the dissolution rate of all the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention at each time point after 30 minutes is all Above 50%.
  • the dissolution rate of the olaparib-cyclodextrin pharmaceutical composition 1-3 containing TPGS reached the highest 101.3% at the end point 2h, which was significantly higher than the dissolution rate of the bulk drug, which shows that the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can Significantly improve the absorption of olaparib in the body.
  • the dissolution rates of the pharmaceutical compositions 1-3 at each time point after 30 minutes were all above 75%. This indicates that in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, the absorption of olaparib in the body can be better improved by adding a solubilizer.
  • composition and dosage of each component of the olaparib-(mixed) carrier pharmaceutical composition are shown in Table 2-1.
  • Preparation method According to the dosage shown in Table 2-1, olaparib and carrier material (cyclodextrin (Kleptose) and/or second carrier ( VA64)) and/or TPGS and other auxiliary materials are directly or evenly mixed in a mixer and then fed into the hopper of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (Omicron 12, Steer, India), and the co-rotating twin-screw extruder The temperature is controlled between about 160-about 190°C for extrusion, and the screw speed is about 120-about 180rpm. The obtained extrudate is cooled, crushed and sieved to obtain a pharmaceutical composition.
  • co-rotating twin-screw extruder Omicron 12, Steer, India
  • Figure 2 shows olaparib-cyclodextrin (Kleptose) and/or the second carrier ( VA64)
  • the XRPD pattern of the prepared pharmaceutical composition is the raw material drug, composition 2-1, composition 2-2, composition 2-3, composition 2-4 and composition 1-3.
  • XRPD map It can be seen from Figure 2 that the XRPD of the composition 1-3 and the composition 2-1 made of a single carrier material and the composition 2-2, the composition 2-3 and the composition 2-4 made of the mixed carrier material
  • the XRPD of the composition 1-3 and the composition 2-1 made of a single carrier material and the composition 2-2
  • the composition 2-3 and the composition 2-4 made of the mixed carrier material
  • There is no crystal diffraction peak of olaparib in the spectrum which indicates that in the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention, olaparib is dissolved in the carrier material or dispersed in the carrier material at the molecular level.
  • each pharmaceutical composition of the present invention has a significant solubilization effect on olaparib, among which, the solubility of olaparib is improved most significantly by compositions 2-6.
  • the pharmaceutical composition made of mixed carrier materials can improve the solubility of olaparib within a certain range. For example, when keeping the weight ratio of the bulk drug (i.e. active ingredient) and (total) carrier material unchanged (e.g. 1:2.3), adjust the C% from 100% (composition 1-3) to 50% (composition 2-4), the apparent solubility increased from 0.68mg/ml to 0.82mg/ml; continue to adjust the C% from 50% (composition 2-4) to 33% (composition 2-3), the apparent solubility increased from Continue to increase from 0.82mg/ml to 0.96mg/ml; continue to adjust the C% from 33% (composition 2-3) to 25% (composition 2-2), and the apparent solubility will decrease from 0.96mg/ml to 0.94mg /ml, no significant change; but further reducing the C% to 0% (composition 2-1), the apparent solubility is reduced to 0.63mg/ml. This indicates that the pharmaceutical composition made of mixed carrier materials can
  • mixed carrier materials can significantly increase the apparent solubility of olaparib.
  • the weight ratio of the bulk drug (that is, the active ingredient) and the (total) carrier material from 1:1.8 (composition 2-5) to 1.
  • the apparent solubility of the pharmaceutical composition is at least 7, 9 and 10 times higher than that of the bulk drug, and both are higher than that of a single carrier material.
  • composition that is, the apparent solubility of a composition containing only a single carrier cyclodextrin (Kleptose) (composition 1-3) and a single second carrier (VA64) (composition 2-1).
  • Kleptose cyclodextrin
  • VA64 single second carrier
  • composition 2-1 a single carrier cyclodextrin
  • the use of mixed carrier materials can significantly increase the apparent solubility of olaparib, and further improve its absorption in the body, that is, its bioavailability.
  • the C% in the mixed carrier material is 33%
  • the corresponding compositions ie, composition 2-3, composition 2-5, and composition 2-6) all have a significant increase in olaparib Melting effect.
  • the dissolution profile of the composition 2-3 and the bulk drug is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen from Table 2-4 and Figure 3 that the dissolution rate of the bulk drug at pH 6.8 within 2 hours is about 40%.
  • composition 2-2 to Composition 2-6 made of mixed carrier materials is higher than that of Composition 2-1 and Composition 1-3 made of a single carrier material, so the mixed carrier material is made of
  • the total absorption rate of composition 2-2 to composition 2-6 in the body is better than composition 2-1 and composition 1-3.
  • Figure 4 shows the effect of cyclodextrin content in a pharmaceutical composition made of olaparib-(mixed) carrier (weight ratio of olaparib to carrier material is 1:2.3) on the dissolution of olaparib at pH 6.8 , Where the dissolution profiles when C% is 0%, 25%, 33%, 50% and 100% correspond to composition 2-1, composition 2-2, composition 2-3, composition 2-4 and Dissolution profile of compositions 1-3.
  • composition and dosage of each component of the olaparib-(mixed) carrier pharmaceutical composition are shown in Table 3-1.
  • Table 3-1 Composition of olaparib-(mixed) carrier pharmaceutical composition and dosage of each component (wt%)
  • Preparation method According to the amount shown in Table 3-1, olaparib and mixed carrier material ( And Kleptose) and other auxiliary materials directly or evenly mixed in a mixer and then fed into the hopper of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (Omicron 12, Steer Company, India), and the temperature of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder is controlled at Extrusion is performed at a temperature between about 140 and about 180°C, and the screw speed is about 110 to about 180 rpm. The obtained extrudate is cooled, crushed, and sieved to obtain a solid powder. Then, the other pharmaceutical excipients and the solid powder were mixed uniformly according to the amount shown in Table 3-1 to obtain the olaparib pharmaceutical composition.
  • olaparib and mixed carrier material And Kleptose
  • other auxiliary materials directly or evenly mixed in a mixer and then fed into the hopper of the co-rotating twin-screw extruder (Omicron 12, Steer Company, India), and the temperature
  • the mixed carrier pharmaceutical composition of olaparib can significantly improve the apparent solubility of olaparib, and is better than a composition containing only a single carrier material.
  • each olaparib-(mixed) carrier pharmaceutical composition (3-3, 3-5, 3-6) is equal It can significantly improve the apparent solubility of olaparib, and is better than composition 3-1 containing only a single carrier material, and composition 3-3 has the most obvious improvement.
  • the use of mixed carrier materials can significantly increase the apparent solubility of olaparib and further improve its absorption in the body.
  • solubilizer can increase solubility.
  • solubility when keeping the weight ratio of bulk drug and carrier material unchanged (for example 1:3), after adding a small amount of TPGS on the basis of composition 3-1 and composition 3-3 (corresponding to composition 3 -2 and composition 3-4), their apparent solubility increased from 0.52mg/ml and 0.72mg/ml to 0.74mg/ml and 0.87mg/ml, respectively. This indicates that the pharmaceutical composition containing the solubilizer can further improve the absorption of olaparib in the body.
  • the dissolution rate of the pharmaceutical composition 3-2 and composition 3-4 containing TPGS is higher than that of the composition 3-1 and 3-3 without TPGS, indicating that the solubilizer can further improve the dissolution rate of olaparib , Can also further improve the absorption of olaparib in the body.
  • composition 1-3 made of a single cyclodextrin carrier material (Kleptose) has lower energy consumption per kilogram and a lower percentage of torque generated.
  • composition 2-2, composition 2-3 and composition 2-4 made of mixed carrier materials are higher than that of composition 2-1 of single carrier material, and is compared with the Tg value of olaparib The obvious difference is that it shows that olaparib and the carrier material form a glass solution, the viscosity of the prescription component mixture using the mixed carrier is relatively lower, and the screw speed during the process is reduced.
  • the composition 2-2, composition 2-3, and composition 2-4 made of mixed carrier materials have lower energy consumption per kilogram and a lower percentage of torque generated. This indicates that the use of mixed carrier materials to prepare pharmaceutical compositions can significantly reduce the energy consumption and instrument torque of the hot melt extrusion process, and greatly improve its operability.
  • the extrudates prepared from each pharmaceutical composition were cut into strips of about 2 cm with scissors, and pulverized with a Fitzmill (model: RP-L1A) at 4000 rpm for 60 seconds.
  • the pulverized particles are passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and the weight of the powder obtained after exposure to the sun is weighed, and the pulverization yield is calculated.
  • the sieving efficiency of the pharmaceutical composition made of mixed carrier materials or a single cyclodextrin carrier material is higher (higher than 67%) , Indicating that the smashing process is more operable.
  • the study used an open, randomized, double-cycle, double-cross self-controlled pharmacokinetic comparison test under fasting conditions in humans.
  • the selected 10 healthy subjects were randomly divided into 2 groups: 1 group, 2 groups, 5 people in each group, 1 group first orally took the tablet containing composition 2-1 prepared in Example 5, and 2 groups first orally
  • the tablets containing composition 2-3 prepared in Example 5 were cross-tested after a one-week cleaning period.
  • the grouping scheme is shown in the following table:
  • the LC-MS/MS method was used to determine the concentration of olaparib in each plasma sample, and the pharmacokinetic statistical software WinNonlin v6.4 was used to calculate the biostatistical analysis. See Table 5-2 and Figure 5 for the test results.
  • the olaparib composition prepared by using a mixed carrier material has significantly improved in vitro solubility and dissolution compared with a olaparib composition prepared by a single carrier material, and the in vivo C max and bioavailability are overall It has also been improved.

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Abstract

一种药物组合物，其中包含奥拉帕尼和载体材料环糊精，并且还可以进一步包含除环糊精外的其他载体材料和/或增溶剂。

Description

奥拉帕尼药物组合物及其制剂、制备方法和用途
本申请要求2020年2月21日提交的题为“奥拉帕尼药物组合物及其制剂、制备方法和用途”的202010107404.6号中国申请的优先权，该中国申请的内容整体援引加入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制剂领域，并且具体涉及一种包含奥拉帕尼的药物组合物及其制剂、制备方法和用途。
背景技术
奥拉帕尼(又称为奥拉帕利，Olaparib)的化学名称为4-[3-(4-环丙烷羧基-哌嗪-1-羧基)-4-氟-苄基]-2H-酚嗪-1-酮，分子式为C 24H 23FN 4O 3，CAS登记号为763113-22-0，结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000001
奥拉帕尼是一种用于肿瘤治疗的聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶(PARR)抑制剂，已在美国、欧洲、日本和中国等获批上市，用于卵巢癌、乳腺癌和胰腺癌的治疗，此外针对前列腺癌、非小细胞肺癌、食道癌、胃癌等恶性肿瘤中的相关临床试验正在进行中。
CN102238945A公开了一种含有奥拉帕尼和共聚维酮VA 64的固体分散体，其通过热熔挤出法制备。CN104434809A以聚维酮替代共聚维酮作为基质聚合物，公开了奥拉帕尼、聚维酮和润滑剂组成的固体分散体颗粒，该组合物吸湿性较共聚维酮为载体的对比例小，制备方法为热熔挤出法。CN106692066A公开了奥拉帕尼、聚维酮或共聚维酮的固体分散体，该固体分散体通过热熔挤出法制备。
发明内容
在一方面，本发明涉及一种药物组合物，其包含活性成分奥拉帕尼和载体材料环糊精。在一实施方案中，所述环糊精为选自α环糊精、γ环糊精、β环糊精、羟丙基β环糊精、羟丙基α环糊精、磺丁基β环糊精、甲基β环糊精中的一种或多种，优选羟丙基β环糊精。
本发明的药物组合物，除了载体材料环糊精(又称为“第一载体材料”)之外，还可以包含第二载体材料。
优选地，所述第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚维酮、聚乙烯己内酰胺-聚乙酸乙烯酯-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物、聚氧乙烯、羟丙甲纤维素及其衍生物、羟丙基纤维素、甲 基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠、丙烯酸树脂、卡波姆中的一种或多种；更优选地，所述第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸树脂、羟丙甲纤维素及其衍生物中的一种或多种；特别优选地，所述第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的一种或多种。
在优选的实施方案中，本发明的药物组合物还可以进一步包含增溶剂，例如聚乙二醇1000维生素E琥珀酸酯(TPGS)。
在另一方面，本发明还涉及一种药物制剂，其包含本发明的药物组合物。
在又一方面，本发明还涉及本发明的药物组合物或药物制剂在制备用于治疗恶性肿瘤或相关疾病的药物中的用途。
在另一方面，本发明还涉及一种用于治疗恶性肿瘤或相关疾病的方法，所述方法包括向有此需要的个体给药本发明的药物组合物或药物制剂。
本发明的药物组合物或药物制剂可用于治疗恶性肿瘤或相关疾病。
所述恶性肿瘤或相关疾病包括但不限于卵巢癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、非小细胞肺癌、食道癌或胃癌。
附图说明
图1表示奥拉帕尼-羟丙基β环糊精(Kleptose)和/或
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000002
VA64载体制成的药物组合物中不同Kleptose含量对应的Tg值。
图2表示奥拉帕尼-Kleptose和/或
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000003
载体制成的药物组合物的XRPD图谱。
图3表示奥拉帕尼-Kleptose和/或
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000004
混合载体制成的药物组合物2-3及奥拉帕尼原料药在pH6.8缓冲液中的溶出曲线。
图4表示奥拉帕尼-Kleptose和/或
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000005
混合载体制成的药物组合物(奥拉帕尼和载体材料重量比为1:2.3)中的不同Kleptose含量对应的奥拉帕尼组合物在pH 6.8缓冲液中的溶出度。
图5表示奥拉帕尼-Kleptose和/或
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000006
载体制成的组合物2-1和组合物2-3在空腹条件下给予人体受试者后的奥拉帕尼平均血药浓度-时间曲线。
具体实施方式
一般定义
除非另有定义，本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本发明所属领域技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。若存在矛盾，则以本文提供的定义为准。当以范围、优选范围或者优选的数值上限以及优选的数值下限的形式表述某个量、浓度或其它值或参数的时候，应当理解相当于具体揭示了通过将任意一对范围上限或优选数值与任意范围下限或优选数值结合起来的任何范围，而不考虑该范围是否具体揭示。除非另外指出，本文所列出的数值范围旨在包括范围的端点，和该范围之内的所有整数和分数。
术语“约”、“大约”当与数值变量并用时，通常指该变量的数值和该变量的所有数值在实验误差内(例如对于平均值95％的置信区间内)或在指定数值的±10％内，或更宽范围内。
术语“计量比”是将各种物质按一定重量进行配比。例如在本发明中，将活性成分(如奥拉帕尼)与载体材料及任选存在的药学上可接受的药用辅料按指定的重量比进行配比。
术语“任选”或“任选存在”是指随后描述的事件或情况可能发生或可能不发生，该描述包括发生所述事件或情况和不发生所述事件或情况。
表述“包含”或与其同义的类似表述“包括”、“含有”和“具有”等是开放性的，不排除额外的未列举的元素、步骤或成分。表述“由…组成”排除未指明的任何元素、步骤或成分。表述“基本上由…组成”指范围限制在指定的元素、步骤或成分，加上任选存在的不会实质上影响所要求保护的主题的基本和新的特征的元素、步骤或成分。应当理解，表述“包含”“涵盖表述”“基本上由…组成”和“由…组成”。
术语“一(个)种或多(个)种”可以表示1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9(个)种或更多(个)种。
术语“药学上可接受”的物质指这样的物质，其在正常的医学判断范围内适用于与患者的组织接触而不会有不适当毒性、刺激性、过敏反应等，具有合理的利弊比，且能有效用于其目的用途。
术语“药物组合物”指一种或多种活性成分与载体材料和任选存在的一种或多种药学上可接受的药用辅料组成的物质。在本发明中可将其简称为组合物，例如药物组合物1-1可简称为组合物1-1。
术语“空白组合物”是指相对于药物组合物而言，其不含活性成分而仅含载体材料和任选存在的其它药学上可接受的药用辅料。
术语“药剂产品”、“药物剂型”、“剂型”、“药物制剂”等指被施予需要治疗的患者的药物组合物，其通常可以为下述形式：散剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、片剂、溶液剂、混悬剂或贴剂等。
术语“以分子水平分散”指药物分散在载体材料中，形成单相药物组合物。在本发明中，该术语即指奥拉帕尼分散在载体材料中，形成单相药物组合物(也称为固体溶液、分散体或固体分散体)，所得奥拉帕尼药物组合物的Tg值不同于载体材料和奥拉帕尼原料药的Tg值。
术语“溶解在”、“以分子水平分散”、“分散体”、“固体溶液”、“固体分散体”在本文中视方便使用，以描述在制备的各阶段中和在各温度下的本发明的药物组合物。
术语“生物利用度”指药物或其他物质在施用后能够为机体所利用的程度。
术语“血浆药物浓度达峰时间(T max)”指施用药物后达到血浆药物浓度峰值(C max)的时间。
术语“血浆药物浓度峰值(C max)”指施用药物后达到的最大血浆药物浓度。
术语“AUC 0-∞”指施用药物后时间由0至无穷的血浆药物浓度对时间曲线的曲线下面积；而术语“AUC 0-t”指施用药物后时间由0至t的血浆药物浓度对时间曲线的曲线下面积。
“比率A”在本文中表示组合物或制剂中活性成分与载体材料环糊精(第一载体材料)的重量比，其计算方式以活性成分为基准。“比率B”在本文中表示组合物或制剂中活性成分与第二载体材料的重量比，其计算方式以活性成分为基准。
“C％”在本文中表示第一载体材料占第一载体材料和第二载体之和的重量百分比。例如，“C％”可以表示为“环糊精/(环糊精+第二载体)％”，具体示例有Kleptose/(Kleptose+
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000007
VA64)％。
在本文中，聚乙烯己内酰胺-聚乙酸乙烯酯-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物是指含有乙烯基己内酰胺、乙酸乙烯酯和乙二醇结构单元的共聚物，其也可表示为“聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物”。
除非另有说明，本文中所有的百分比、份数、比值等均是按重量计。
药物组合物及其药物制剂
在一方面，本发明涉及一种药物组合物，其包含活性成分奥拉帕尼和载体材料环糊精。当指活性成分奥拉帕尼时，还涵盖其药学上可接受的其他形式，包括但不限于药学上可接受的盐、酯、溶剂合物(如水合物)、衍生物等。本领域技术人员应当理解，当计算组合物或制剂中的奥拉帕尼时，应当将其他形式的奥拉帕尼(如果存在)折算成其对应的游离形式。
在一个实施方案中，环糊精为选自α环糊精、γ环糊精、β环糊精、羟丙基β环糊精、羟丙基α环糊精、磺丁基β环糊精、甲基环糊精中的一种或多种。
在一个优选实施方案中，环糊精为羟丙基β环糊精。可以使用的实例有法国罗盖特公司的市售产品Kleptose，但不限于此。
在一个实施方案中，活性成分奥拉帕尼与载体材料环糊精的重量比(A)为约1:0.5-约1:5，优选为约1:0.5-约1:4，更优选为约1:0.5-约1:3；例如包括但不限于约1:0.6、约1:0.7约1:0.8、约1:0.9、约1:1、约1:1.2、约1:1.3、约1:1.4、约1:1.5、约1:1.6、约1:1.8、约1:2.0、约1:2.2、约1:2.3、约1:2.4、约1:2.6、约1:2.8、约1:3等，以及由这些比例(值)中的任意两个构成的范围。
在一个实施方案中，除载体材料环糊精之外，药物组合物还可以包含第二载体材料。本领域技术人员应当理解，所指的“第二”载体材料仅为了与载体材料环糊精(也称为“第一载体材料”或“第一载体材料环糊精”)加以区分，并非在性质、使用或顺序等方面有所区分。在优选的实施方案中，第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚维酮、聚乙烯己内酰胺-聚乙酸乙烯酯-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物、聚氧乙烯、羟丙甲纤维素及其衍生物、羟丙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠、丙烯酸树脂、卡波姆中的一种或多种。
在一个优选实施方案中，第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸树脂、羟丙甲纤维素及其衍生物中的一种或多种。
在一个更优选实施方案中，第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的一种或多种。
在具体的实施方案中，第二载体材料为聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物。可以使用的实例有BASF公司的市售产品
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000008
但不限于此。
在一个优选实施方案中，第二载体材料为共聚维酮。可以使用的实例有BASF公司的市售产品
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000009
VA64或亚士兰Plasdone TM S630，但不限于此。
在一个实施方案中，活性成分奥拉帕尼与第二载体材料的重量比(B)为约1:0.5-约1:5，优选约1:0.5-约1:3，更优选为约1:0.5-约1:2.5；例如包括但不限于约1:0.5、约1:0.6、约1:0.7、约1:0.8、约1:0.9、约1:1、约1:1.1、约1:1.2、约1:1.3、约1:1.5、约1:1.6、约1:1.7、约1:1.9、约1:2、约1:2.1、约1:2.3、约1:2.5等，以及由这些比例(值)中的任意两个构成的范围。
在一实施方案中，第一载体材料环糊精与第二载体材料的重量比为约1:1-约1:10，优选约1:1.5-约1:8，优选约1:1-约1:8，更优选约1:1-约1:3，例如约1:1、约1:1.5、约1:2、约1:3、约1:4、约1:5、约1:8、约1:10等，以及由这些比例(值)中的任意两个构成的范围。
在一个实施方案中，活性成分奥拉帕尼、第一载体材料环糊精、第二载体材料的重量比为约1:0.5:0.5-约1:2.0:3.0，优选为约1:0.5:0.5-约1:1.5:2.5，更优选为约1:0.5:0.5-约1:1:2.2；例如包括但不限于约1:0.6:1.7、约1:0.7:1.6、约1:0.8:1.5、约1:0.9:0.9、约1:1:1、约1:1.1:1.9、约1:1.2:1.8、约1:1.5:1.5、约1:1.0:2等，以及由这些比例(值)中的任意两个构成的范围。
在一实施方案中，活性成分奥拉帕尼与载体材料的总重量(即，第一载体或者第一载体加第二载体)比为约1:0.5-约1:5，优选为约1:0.5-约1:4，更优选为约1:0.5-约1:3，例如包括但不限于约1:0.6、约1:0.7、约1:0.8、约1:0.9、约1:1、约1:1.1、约1:1.2、约1:1.3、约1:1.4、约1:1.5、约1:1.6、约1:1.7、约1:1.8、约1:1.9、约1:2.0、约1:2.1、约1:2.2、约1:2.3、约1:2.4、约1:2.5、约1:2.6、约1:2.7、约1:2.8、约1:2.9、约1:3等以及由这些比例(值)中的任意两个构成的范围。
在本申请的实施方案中，C％可以为约9％-50％，优选为约11％-50％，更优选为约29％-50％，例如约17％、约20％、约25％、约33％、约50％等，以及由这些比例(值)中的任意两个构成的范围。
在一实施方案中，奥拉帕尼溶解在所述载体材料中或以分子水平分散在所述载体材料中。应当理解，该载体材料指的是第一载体材料或者第一和第二载体材料(如果存在)。
在另一实施方案中，药物组合物还可进一步包含增溶剂。增溶剂优选为聚乙二醇1000维生素E琥珀酸酯(D-α-tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate，又称作TPGS、Vitamin E TPGS或Tocophersolan)。本发明中适用的TPGS是维生素E的水溶性衍生物，由维生素E琥珀酸酯(VES)的羧基与聚乙二醇(PEG)1000酯化而成，相对分子量约为1513，已载入美国药典。TPGS在本发明的药物组合物和药物制剂中不仅作为增溶剂起作用，并且还可以通过影响药物的外排作用而有助于提高生物利用度。可用的TPGS的实例有BASF公司的市售产品Kolliphor TM TPGS，但不限于此。
在本发明的药物组合物中，所使用的增溶剂的量没有特殊限制，可以根据实际情况进行调整。通常，增溶剂的重量相对于活性成分奥拉帕尼、第一载体材料环糊精和/或第二载体材料以及TPGS的总重量的比为约0.5-12％，优选为约7-11％。
在又一方面，本发明还涉及一种药物制剂，其包含本发明的药物组合物。
在一实施方案中，本发明的药物制剂和/或药物组合物还可包含药学上可接受的辅料。本领域技术人应当理解，所用的药学上可接受的辅料是为了辅助制备、改善剂型(如稳定性、均一性等)而使用，并不会实质上改变本发明的药物组合物/制剂特别是其中活性成分的性质。本领域技术人员可以根据实际需要调整这些辅料的类型和/或含量，而不会影响本发明的药物组合物/制剂的性质。
在一实施方案中，药学上可接受的辅料包括但不限于助流剂、表面活性剂、pH调节剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、粘合剂和润滑剂中的一种或多种。
作为示例，助流剂可以为胶态二氧化硅、滑石粉中的一种或多种。
作为示例，表面活性剂可为聚氧乙烯蓖麻油衍生物、聚氧乙烯甘油基硬脂酸酯、聚乙二醇蓖麻油衍生物、环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷的嵌段共聚物、聚氧乙烯(20)失水山梨醇的单脂肪酸酯、聚乙二醇脂肪酸酯、亚烷基二醇脂肪酸单酯、失水山梨醇脂肪酸单酯中的一种或多种。
作为示例，pH调节剂可为柠檬酸、乙酸、反丁烯二酸、顺丁烯二酸、酒石酸、苹果酸、琥珀酸、草酸、丙二酸、苯甲酸、苦杏仁酸和抗坏血酸中的一种或多种，优选柠檬酸中的一种或多种。
作为示例，稀释剂可为微晶纤维素、淀粉、预胶化淀粉、乳糖、甘露醇、磷酸氢钙中的一种或多种。
作为示例，崩解剂可为微晶纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、交联聚维酮、交联羧甲基纤维素钠、羧甲基纤维素钙、羧甲基淀粉钠、低取代羟丙基纤维素、羟甲基淀粉、海藻酸、海藻酸钠、瓜尔胶、玉米淀粉和硅酸镁铝中的一种或多种，优选交联羧甲基纤维素钠。
作为示例，粘合剂可为聚乙二醇、淀粉、羟丙基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、预胶化淀粉、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、阿拉伯胶粉末和明胶，优选淀粉、预胶化淀粉、改良淀粉、微晶纤维素、硅化微晶纤维素、低取代羟丙基纤维素葡萄糖、蔗糖、乳糖、山梨糖醇、甘露醇、赤藓醇、碳酸钙和磷酸氢钙中的一种或多种，优选甘露醇、微晶纤维素及硅化微晶纤维素中的一种或多种。
作为示例，润滑剂可为硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸、硬脂酸盐、十八烷基富马酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、聚乙二醇、苯甲酸钠、蔗糖脂肪酸酯、微粉硅胶、滑石粉、单硬脂酸甘油酯、山嵛酸甘油酯、棕榈酰硬脂酸甘油酯、硬脂酸和氢化植物油中的一种或多种。
本领域技术人员应当理解，上述所列举的药学上可接受的辅料只是阐述性和代表性的。因此，本发明的药物制剂并不限于仅包含本文以上所列举的药学上可接受的辅料。本领域技术人员可根据常规技术对上述辅料进行各种改变、调整或等同替换，均未超出本发明的保护范围。本领域技术人员还应当理解，本发明的药物组合物中同样可以包含药学上可接受的辅料，例如上文所述的那些。
本发明的药物组合物可根据需要进一步与药学上可接受的药用辅料组合以制成各种剂型。在一个实施方案中，所述药物制剂可以是散剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、胶囊剂或片剂的形式。
本发明的制备方法
本发明的一实施方案中还提供一种制备本发明的药物组合物的方法，其包括
1)提供活性成分奥拉帕尼和载体材料；
2)将步骤1)的材料加入热熔挤出机中，并将在约120℃-190℃下进行挤出；
3)将第2)步获得的挤出物冷却、粉碎、过筛以获得所述药物组合物。
视需要，第1)步中所指的载体材料可以包括环糊精，还可以进一步包括第二载体材料。任选地，可以在第1)步和/或第2)步中加入药学上可接受的药用辅料。这些材料的加入可以根据所需的计量比进行。
步骤2)中的温度可以为120℃-190℃，例如约170-190℃、约160-190℃或140-约180℃。视需要，在进行上述方法步骤之前或同时，可以将热熔挤出机预热至上述温度。
可以向热熔挤出机中进料已混匀的奥拉帕尼、载体材料及任选存在的药学上可接受的药用辅料的混合物(或进料已混匀的计量比的奥拉帕尼、载体材料、TPGS及任选存在的药学上可接受的药用辅料的混合物)，或者也可以向热熔挤出机中直接进料计量比的奥拉帕尼、载体材料及任选存在的药学上可接受的药用辅料(或直接进料奥拉帕尼、载体材料、TPGS及任选存在的药学上可接受的药用辅料)。然后进行挤出，再将所得挤出物冷却、粉碎并过筛，任选地与药学上可接受的药用辅料混合，由此得到所述药物组合物。
所用的冷却方式没有特别限制，其可包括风冷、水冷、机械冷却等。
适用于本发明的挤出机的类型没有特别限制，其包括但不限于单螺杆或双螺杆型热熔挤出机。在一个实施方案中，用于制备本发明的药物组合物的挤出机是双螺杆型挤出机。在该情况下，对于螺杆转动的类型没有特别限制，其包括但不限于同向双螺杆、异向双螺杆和双锥型螺杆转动模式。
在一个优选实施方案中，用于制备本发明的药物组合物的挤出机优选是同向双螺杆型挤出机。热熔挤出机设定的温度为约160-约190℃，螺杆转速为约120-约180rpm。螺杆长度和直径的比例(L/D)可选取约25-约40。如果热熔挤出机温度过低，L/D过短，螺杆转速过慢，则热熔过程中热能和机械能提供不足，进而奥拉帕尼、载体材料或TPGS达不到熔融状态，或者奥拉帕尼不能溶解在熔融的载体材料中。因此奥拉帕尼与载体材料虽然充分混合，但不能得到奥拉帕尼溶解在或以分子水平分散在所述载体材料中的单相固体分散体(固体溶液)。如果热熔挤出机温度过高，L/D过长，螺杆转速过快，则热熔过程中热能和机械能提供过量，即使得到的是奥拉帕尼溶解在或以分子水平分散在所述载体材料中的单相固体分散体(固体溶液)，也会造成奥拉帕尼和/或载体材料和/或TPGS不必要的降解。
在其他的实施方案中，本发明的药物组合物，除了热熔挤出法，也可以例如通过溶液挥干法、喷雾干燥法、共沉淀法进行制备。这些方法也在本发明的范围内。
有益效果
在一方面，本发明提供了一种包含奥拉帕尼的药物组合物，其增加了活性成分奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收和生物利用度、降低了生产的能耗、提高了生产效率。特别地，在本发明的药物组合物中，活性成分奥拉帕尼分散在环糊精载体材料或整体的载体材料(包含第二或其他载体材料的情况下)中，可提高奥拉帕尼在胃肠道的溶解度，增加奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收，提高体内的生物利用度。
在另一方面，本发明的药物组合物还具有更好的生产工艺特性，比如容易研磨、较好的可压性、崩解时间短等，使得生产能耗降低、生产效率升高。
进一步地，在本发明的药物组合物中使用第一载体材料环糊精和第二载体材料(例如，聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物如Soluplus，和/或共聚维酮，如Kollidon VA64或亚士兰Plasdone S630)的组合作为混合载体材料，能进一步地提高奥拉帕尼在胃肠道的溶解度，从而进一步提高奥拉帕尼的吸收和生物利用度。
更进一步地，在药物组合物中加入聚乙二醇1000维生素E琥珀酸酯(TPGS)后，可进一步提高奥拉帕尼在胃肠道的溶解度，从而进一步增加奥拉帕尼的吸收和生物利用度。此外，采用本发明的热熔挤出工艺制备所述药物组合物时，加入TPGS可使药物组合物的热熔挤出操作温度显著降低，扭矩显著降低，能耗减少，生产能力提高。
实施例
除非特别指明，本文中所用的试剂和原料都是可商购的。例如，奥拉帕尼原料药(活性成分)可以购自台湾神隆化学，羟丙基β环糊精可以购自法国罗盖特公司，聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、TPGS可以购自BASF公司，共聚维酮可以购自BASF公司或亚士兰公司。
各实施例中进行物理化学性质评价所用的测定方法示例如下：
1.玻璃化转换温度(Tg)：精密称取大于3mg的待测物(如奥拉帕尼原料药(以下简称原料药)、载药组合物(即本发明的药物组合物)或空白组合物)进行调制式差示扫描量热分析(mDSC，TA Q2000差示扫描量热仪)，扫描温度范围为40-180℃。
2.粉末X射线衍射(XRPD)：取待测物(原料药、载药组合物或空白组合物)适量，在Cu靶、电压45kv、电流45mA的条件下记录粉末X射线衍射图谱(BRUKER制造的D8ADVANCE型X射线衍射仪)。
3.表观溶解度：称取过量的奥拉帕尼药物组合物放入容器中，加入约相当于容器体积2/3的pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液后，将容器置于37℃的摇床中震荡2h。将容器内容物用0.45μm滤膜过滤后，收集滤液，用适量的乙腈稀释，经涡旋混合后以HPLC分析方法测定奥拉帕尼浓度，HPLC分析方法如下：
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000010
4.溶出度
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000011
5.溶出样品分析方法：与上述表观溶解度测定中所述HPLC分析方法相同。
实施例1 奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物
1.制备
奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物的组成及各组分用量如表1-1所示。
制备方法：按表1-1中所示的用量将奥拉帕尼和载体材料环糊精(羟丙基β环糊精，Kleptose)和/或TPGS以及其他辅料成分直接或者在混合机中混合均匀后进料至同向双螺杆挤出机(印度Steer公司Omicron 12)的加料斗内，将同向双螺杆挤出机的温度控制在约170-约190℃之间，进行挤出，螺杆转速为约120-约170rpm。将所得挤出物冷却、粉碎、过筛，得到药物组合物。
表1-1奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物的组成及各组分用量(重量％)
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000012
2.物理化学性质评价
2.1.药物组合物的玻璃化转换温度(Tg)经测定
测试结果详见表1-2。
表1-2奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)测试
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000013
由表1-2可知，药物组合物与对应的空白组合物的Tg值相比，Tg值均发生了明显的偏移，且与奥拉帕尼原料药的Tg值(90.2℃)不同，奥拉帕尼的熔融峰已消失。上述结果清楚地表明，在本发明的各药物组合物中，奥拉帕尼是溶解在载体材料中或以分子水平分散在载体材料中的，形成了分子分散状固体分散体(即玻璃溶液)。
2.2.药物组合物的表观溶解度测定
测试结果详见表1-3。
表1-3奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物在pH 6.8缓冲液中的表观溶解度
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000014
由表1-3可知，本发明的各药物组合物中奥拉帕尼都具有明显的增溶作用，说明环糊精对奥拉帕尼的增溶效果较好。
将药物组合物内的原料药(即活性成分)和载体材料环糊精(Kleptose)的重量比从1:1.8(组合物1-1)调整至1:5(组合物1-6)可使表观溶解度从0.42mg/ml增加至0.60mg/ml，由此可见，表观溶解度的变化有限，这表明活性成分与载体材料环糊精的重量比对奥拉帕尼溶解度的影响不大，且当载体材料增加到一定程度时(组合物1-5和组合物1-6)，溶解度基本保持不变。
但是，在组合物1-2的基础上加入少量的TPGS(组合物1-3)可使表观溶解度从0.47mg/ml增加至0.68mg/ml，表明包含TPGS的药物组合物在减少载体材料用量的情况下，也能大幅度提高奥拉帕尼的溶解度。
2.3药物组合物的溶出度测定
药物在人体内的主要吸收部位为小肠，而小肠内环境的的pH值约为6.8。根据上文所述方法，测定了各奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物在pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中的溶出度，结果见表1-4。
表1-4奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物在pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中的溶出度
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000015
由上表数据可知，原料药在2h内的溶出度仅为40.2％。而和原料药相比，本发明的药物组合物在pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中终点2h的溶出度均高于85％，并且所有本发明的药物组合物在30min之后各个时间点的溶出度均在50％以上。
特别地，含有TPGS的奥拉帕尼-环糊精药物组合物1-3在终点2h的溶出度达到最高的101.3％，显著高于原料药的溶出度，这表明本发明药物组合物均能够显著提高奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收。此外，药物组合物1-3在30min之后各个时间点的溶出度均在75％以上。这表明，在本发明的药物组合物中，通过添加增溶剂能够更好地提高奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收。
实施例2 奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物
1.制备
奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物的组成及各组分用量如表2-1所示。
制备方法：按表2-1中所示的用量将奥拉帕尼和载体材料(环糊精(Kleptose)和/或第二载体(
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000016
VA64))和/或TPGS以及其他辅料成分直接或者在混合机中混合均匀后进料至同向双螺杆挤出机(印度Steer公司Omicron 12)的加料斗内，将同向双螺杆挤出机的温度控制在约160-约190℃之间，进行挤出，螺杆转速为约120-约180rpm。将所得挤出物冷却、粉碎、过筛，得到药物组合物。
表2-1奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物的组成及各组分用量(重量％)
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000017
2.物理化学性质评价
2.1.玻璃化转换温度(Tg)的测定
奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物的玻璃化转变温度测试结果见表2-2和图1。其中，图1显示了药物组合物中环糊精(Kleptose)含量对Tg值的影响。在保持原料药(即活性成分)和(总)载体材料的重量比不变(例如，原料药:载体材料＝1:2.3)的情况下，当环糊精占总载体材料的比例C％(环糊精/(环糊精+第二载体)％，具体可以计算为Kleptose/(Kleptose+
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000018
VA64)％)为0％、25％、33％、50％和100％时，其分别对应组合物2-1、组合物2-2、组合物2-3、组合物2-4和组合物1-3。从图1可以看出，随着组合物中环糊精Kleptose含量的增加，Tg值呈上升趋势，并且其与奥拉帕尼的Tg值(90.2℃)明显不同，且奥拉帕尼的熔融峰已消失。由此说明，在本发明的各奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物中，奥拉帕尼是溶解在载体材料中或以分子水平分散在载体材料中的，并由此形成了分子分散状固体分散体(即玻璃溶液)。
表2-2奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)测试
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000019
2.2.粉末-X射线衍射表征(XRPD图谱)
图2显示奥拉帕尼-环糊精(Kleptose)和/或第二载体(
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000020
VA64)制成的药物组合物的XRPD图谱，从下至上依次为原料药、组合物2-1、组合物2-2、组合物2-3、组合物2-4和组合物1-3的XRPD图谱。从图2可以看出，单一载体材料制成的组合物1-3和组合 物2-1与混合载体材料制成的组合物2-2、组合物2-3和组合物2-4的XRPD图谱中均未见奥拉帕尼的晶体衍射峰，这表明在本发明的药物组合物中，奥拉帕尼是溶解在载体材料中或以分子水平分散在载体材料中的。
2.3.表观溶解度测定
表2-3奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物在pH 6.8缓冲液中的表观溶解度
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000021
由表2-3可知，本发明的各药物组合物对奥拉帕尼都具有明显的增溶作用，其中，组合物2-6对奥拉帕尼的溶解度提高最明显。
在一方面，混合载体材料制成的药物组合物在一定范围内可提高奥拉帕尼的溶解度。例如，当保持原料药(即活性成分)和(总)载体材料的重量比不变(例如1:2.3)时，将C％从100％(组合物1-3)调整至50％(组合物2-4)，表观溶解度从0.68mg/ml增加至0.82mg/ml；将C％从50％(组合物2-4)继续调整至33％(组合物2-3)，表观溶解度从0.82mg/ml继续增加至0.96mg/ml；将C％从33％(组合物2-3)继续调整至25％(组合物2-2)，表观溶解度从0.96mg/ml降低为0.94mg/ml，无显著变化；但是进一步将C％降低至0％(组合物2-1)，表观溶解度则降低至0.63mg/ml。这表明，混合载体材料制成的药物组合物在一定范围内可提高奥拉帕尼的溶解度。
另一方面，混合载体材料可明显提高奥拉帕尼的表观溶解度。例如，当保持混合载体材料中C％不变(例如33％)时，将原料药(即活性成分)和(总)载体材料的重量比从1:1.8(组合物2-5)调整到1:2.3(组合物2-3)和1:3(组合物2-6)时，药物组合物的表观溶解度分别比原料药提高至少7、9和10倍，且均高于单一载体材料的组合物，即仅含单一的载体环糊精(Kleptose)(组合物1-3)和仅含单一的第二载体(VA64)(组合物2-1)的组合物的表观溶解度。这表明，相较于使用单一载体材料，使用混合载体材料可明显提高奥拉帕尼的表观溶解度，进一步提高其在体内的吸收即生物利用度。例如，当混合载体材料中C％为33％时，对应的几个组合物(即组合物2-3、组合物2-5和组合物2-6)均对奥拉帕尼有明显的增溶效果。
2.4.溶出度测定
表2-4奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物在pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中的溶出度
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000022
组合物2-3及原料药的溶出曲线如图3所示。由表2-4和图3可知，原料药在pH 6.8中2h内的溶出度约为40％。
与原料药相比：
1)本发明的药物组合物在pH 6.8中2h内的溶出度均有显著的提高，其中组合物2-2至组合物2-6在30min后各个时间点的溶出度均在85％以上，这表明其能够显著提高奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收。
2)混合载体材料制成的组合物2-2至组合物2-6的溶出速度均高于单一载体材料制成的组合物2-1和组合物1-3，因而混合载体材料制成的组合物2-2至组合物2-6在体内总的吸收速率要好于组合物2-1和组合物1-3。
图4表示奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体制成的药物组合物(奥拉帕尼和载体材料重量比为1:2.3)中环糊精含量对奥拉帕尼在pH 6.8中溶出度的影响，其中C％为0％、25％、33％、50％和100％时的溶出曲线分别对应为组合物2-1、组合物2-2、组合物2-3、组合物2-4和组合物1-3的溶出曲线。从图4可以看出，在pH 6.8中，与单一载体材料制成的组合物2-1和1-3相比，混合载体材料组成的组合物溶出度均有提高，其中当C％分别为25％和33％时，其对应的混合载体材料制成的组合物2-2和组合物2-3的溶出度提高得最为显著，这两个组合物在pH 6.8中的溶出度明显优于仅含第二载体
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000023
的组合物2-1和仅含环糊精(Kleptose)的组合物1-3。
实施例3 奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物
1.制备
奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物的组成及各组分用量如表3-1所示。
表3-1奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物的组成及各组分用量(重量％)
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000024
制备方法：按表3-1中所示的用量将奥拉帕尼和混合载体材料(
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000025
和Kleptose)以及其他辅料成分直接或者在混合机中混合均匀后进料至同向双螺杆挤出机(印度Steer公司Omicron 12)的加料斗内，将同向双螺杆挤出机的温度控制在约140-约180℃之间，进行挤出，螺杆转速为约110-约180rpm。将所得挤出物冷却、粉碎、过筛，得到固体粉末。然后按表3-1中所示的用量将其他药用辅料和该固体粉末混合均匀，即得到奥拉帕尼药物组合物。
2.物理化学性质评价
2.1.药物组合物的表观溶解度测定
表3-2奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物在pH 6.8缓冲液中的表观溶解度
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000026
由表3-2可知，奥拉帕尼混合载体药物组合物能显著提高奥拉帕尼的表观溶解度，且优于仅含单一载体材料的组合物。例如，当保持原料药和混合载体材料的重量比不变(例如1:3)时，各奥拉帕尼-(混合)载体药物组合物(3-3、3-5、3-6)均能显著提高奥拉帕尼的表观溶解度，且优于仅含单一载体材料的组合物3-1，其中组合物3-3的提高最为明显。这说明相较于使用单一载体材料，使用混合载体材料可明显提高奥拉帕尼的表观溶解度，可进一步提高其在体内的吸收。
另一方面，增溶剂的加入可以提高溶解度。例如，当保持原料药和载体材料的的重量比不变(例如1:3)时，在组合物3-1和组合物3-3的基础上分别加入少量的TPGS后(对应为组合物3-2和组合物3-4)，其表观溶解度分别从0.52mg/ml和0.72mg/ml增加至0.74mg/ml和0.87mg/ml。这说明含有增溶剂的药物组合物可进一步提高奥拉帕尼在体内的吸 收。
2.2.药物组合物的溶出度测定
表3-3奥拉帕尼
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000027
药物组合物在pH 6.8磷酸盐缓冲液中的溶出度
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000028
由表3-3可知，与原料药相比：
1)本发明的药物组合物在pH 6.8中2h内的溶出度均有显著的提高，其中组合物3-4的提高最为明显，在30min后各个时间点的溶出度均在90％以上，且采用混合载体材料制成的组合物3-3和组合物3-4的溶出速度均高于对应的采用单一载体材料制成的组合物3-1和组合物3-2。这说明采用混合载体材料相较于单一载体材料可明显提高奥拉帕尼的溶出度，进一步提高奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收；
2)含有TPGS的药物组合物3-2和组合物3-4的溶出度均高于不含TPGS的组合物3-1和3-3，说明增溶剂可进一步提高奥拉帕尼的溶出度，也可进一步提高奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收。
实施例4 混合载体药物组合物的制备方法评价
1.热熔挤出工艺
表4-1热熔挤出工艺参数
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000029
工艺流程见实施例1-3中各药物组合物的制备，具体参数见表4-1。
如表4-1所示，与单一的第二载体材料(
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000030
VA64)制成的组合物2-1相比，单一环糊精载体材料(Kleptose)制成的组合物1-3的每千克能耗更低、所产生的扭矩百分比也更低。
混合载体材料制成的组合物2-2、组合物2-3和组合物2-4的玻璃化转换温度均高于单一载体材料的组合物2-1，且与奥拉帕尼的Tg值明显不同，其表明奥拉帕尼与载体材料形成玻璃溶液，使用混合载体的处方组分混合物的粘度相对更低，工艺过程中的螺杆转速降低。相应的，混合载体材料制成的组合物2-2、组合物2-3和组合物2-4的每千克能耗更低，所产生的扭矩百分比也更低。这表明使用混合载体材料制备药物组合物能显著降低热熔挤出工艺的能耗和仪器扭矩，大幅度提升其可操作性。
2.粉碎工艺
表4-2挤出物粉碎工艺参数
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000031
将各药物组合物制备所得的挤出物用剪刀切割成约2cm的条状物，用Fitzmill粉碎机(型号：RP-L1A)在4000rpm条件下粉碎60s。将粉碎后的颗粒过60目筛，称量过晒后所得粉末重量，计算粉碎收率。
如表4-2所示，与单一的第二载体材料(
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000032
VA64)制成的组合物2-1的过筛效率(40.5％)相比，混合载体材料或单一的环糊精载体材料制成的药物组合物的过筛效率更高(高于67％)，表明其粉碎工艺的可操作性更强。
实施例5 奥拉帕尼-混合载体药物组合物的体内药代动力学研究
研究采用空腹条件下的开放、随机、双周期、双交叉自身对照的药代动力学对比试验在人体中进行。
将入选的10名健康受试者随机分为2组：1组、2组，每组5人，1组先口服实施例5中制备的含组合物2-1的片剂，2组先口服实施例5中制备的含组合物2-3的片剂，间隔1周清洗期后进行交叉试验，分组方案如下表所示：
表5-1分组
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000033
分别于服药后0h、0.25h、0.5h、1.0h、1.5h、2.0h、2.5h、3.0h、3.5h、4.0h、5.0h、7.0h、9.0h、12.0h、24.0h、48.0h(共16个采血点)各采取肘静脉血4mL，然后进行离心、提取分离血浆，放置于-20℃冰箱保存待测。
采用LC-MS/MS方法测定各血浆样品中奥拉帕尼的浓度，经药代动力学统计软件WinNonlin v6.4计算，完成生物统计分析。试验结果参见表5-2和图5。
表5-2奥拉帕尼药代动力学参数(n＝10)的几何平均值统计
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000034
从图5和表5-1可知，与使用单一的第二载体材料
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000035
的组合物2-1相比，使用混合载体材料(
Figure PCTCN2021077009-appb-000036
VA64)的组合物2-3中的奥拉帕尼在体内的吸收速度更快，血药浓度更高，相应地生物利用度也更高。C max的几何平均值比(组合物2-3/组合物2-1)为1.27；AUC 0-48h和AUC0 0-∞的几何平均值比(组合物2-3/组合物2-1)分别为1.25和1.23。
综上所述，采用混合载体材料制备的奥拉帕尼组合物较单一载体材料制备的奥拉帕尼组合物在体外溶解度和溶出度提高明显的情况下，体内C max、生物利用度整体上也得到了提高。
本领域技术人员应当理解，以上通过实施例形式的具体实施方式，对本发明的上述内容作进一步的详细说明。但不应将此理解为本发明主题的范围仅限于以上实施例。基于本发明上述内容所实现的方案均在本发明的范围内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种药物组合物，其包含活性成分奥拉帕尼和载体材料环糊精，其特征在于，
    所述环糊精为选自α环糊精、γ环糊精、β环糊精、羟丙基β环糊精、羟丙基α环糊精、磺丁基β环糊精、甲基β环糊精中的一种或多种。
  2. 权利要求1的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    所述载体材料环糊精为羟丙基β环糊精。
  3. 权利要求1或2的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    活性成分奥拉帕尼和载体材料环糊精的重量比为约1:0.5-约1:5，优选为约1:0.5-约1:4，更优选为约1:0.5-约1:3。
  4. 权利要求1-3中任一项的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    除了载体材料环糊精之外，所述药物组合物还包含第二载体材料，
    优选地，所述第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚维酮、聚乙烯己内酰胺-聚乙酸乙烯酯-聚乙二醇接枝共聚物、聚氧乙烯、羟丙甲纤维素及其衍生物、羟丙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、乙基纤维素、海藻酸钠、丙烯酸树脂、卡波姆中的一种或多种；
    更优选地，所述第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、丙烯酸树脂、羟丙甲纤维素及其衍生物中的一种或多种；
    特别优选地，所述第二载体材料为选自共聚维酮、聚乙二醇/乙烯基己内酰胺/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物中的一种或多种。
  5. 权利要求4的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    活性成分奥拉帕尼和第二载体材料的重量比为约1:0.5-约1:5，优选约1:0.5-约1:3，更优选为约1:0.5-约1:2.5。
  6. 权利要求4或5的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    载体材料环糊精和第二载体材料的重量比为约1:1-约1:10，优选约1:1-约1:8，更优选约1:1-约1:3。
  7. 权利要求1-6中任一项的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    活性成分奥拉帕尼与载体材料环糊精与第二载体之和的重量比为约1:0.5-约1:5，优选为约1:0.5-约1:4，更优选为约1:0.5-约1:3。
  8. 权利要求1-7中任一项的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    所述药物组合物还进一步包含增溶剂，
    优选地，所述增溶剂为聚乙二醇1000维生素E琥珀酸酯(TPGS)，
    更优选地，所述增溶剂的重量相对于活性成分奥拉帕尼、载体材料环糊精和/或第二载体材料以及增溶剂的总重量的比为约0.5-12％，优选为约7-11％。
  9. 权利要求1-8中任一项的药物组合物，其特征在于，
    活性成分奥拉帕尼溶解在所述载体材料环糊精和/或所述第二载体材料或以分子水平分散在所述载体材料环糊精和/或所述第二载体材料中。
  10. 一种固体药物制剂，其包含权利要求1-9中任一项的药物组合物；
    优选地，所述药物制剂为散剂、颗粒剂、丸剂、胶囊剂或片剂的形式。
  11. 权利要求10的固体药物制剂，其特征在于，
    所述药物制剂还包含药学上可接受的辅料，
    所述辅料优选为助流剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、粘合剂、润滑剂中的一种或多种。
  12. 权利要求1-9中任一项的药物组合物或权利要求10或11的药物制剂在制备用于治疗恶性肿瘤或相关疾病的药物中的应用，
    优选地，所述恶性肿瘤或相关疾病为卵巢癌、乳腺癌、胰腺癌、前列腺癌、非小细胞肺癌、食道癌或胃癌。
  13. 一种制备权利要求1-9中任一项的药物组合物的方法，其包括：
    1)提供活性成分奥拉帕尼和载体材料；
    2)将步骤1)的材料加入热熔挤出机中，并将在约120℃-190℃下进行挤出；
    3)将第2)步获得的挤出物冷却、粉碎、过筛以获得所述药物组合物。
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