WO2021175235A1 - 自主作业系统 - Google Patents

自主作业系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021175235A1
WO2021175235A1 PCT/CN2021/078801 CN2021078801W WO2021175235A1 WO 2021175235 A1 WO2021175235 A1 WO 2021175235A1 CN 2021078801 W CN2021078801 W CN 2021078801W WO 2021175235 A1 WO2021175235 A1 WO 2021175235A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
autonomous
electrical signal
rain sensor
module
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/078801
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
马妙武
熊建
刘芳世
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Sunseeker Robotic Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Sunseeker Robotic Technology Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010362886.XA external-priority patent/CN113345726A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010485029.9A external-priority patent/CN113759886A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010484333.1A external-priority patent/CN113805573A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020968391.7U external-priority patent/CN212933333U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202020968380.9U external-priority patent/CN212539202U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010780249.4A external-priority patent/CN114089423B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021611289.8U external-priority patent/CN213091901U/zh
Priority to EP21746309.0A priority Critical patent/EP4115721A4/en
Priority to US17/598,971 priority patent/US12201055B2/en
Application filed by Shanghai Sunseeker Robotic Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Sunseeker Robotic Technology Co Ltd
Publication of WO2021175235A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021175235A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to US19/022,772 priority patent/US20250151642A1/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D34/00Mowers; Mowing apparatus of harvesters
    • A01D34/006Control or measuring arrangements
    • A01D34/008Control or measuring arrangements for automated or remotely controlled operation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01DHARVESTING; MOWING
    • A01D2101/00Lawn-mowers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of automatic control, and more specifically, to an autonomous operation system.
  • walking robots on the market, such as robots for mowing, sweeping and mopping, etc.
  • These walking robots may work in various environments, such as indoor environments or/ Or outdoor environment.
  • autonomous operating equipment such as lawn mower robots
  • their operating status is greatly affected by the environment.
  • the lawn is muddy. If the lawnmower robot continues to work, on the one hand, a large amount of muddy water will adhere to the robot, which is likely to cause the robot to malfunction.
  • the lawn is also vulnerable to damage. Therefore, such autonomous working equipment is usually equipped with environmental sensors to monitor the working environment.
  • These environmental sensors may include, for example, a rain sensor, which is used to detect whether the robot is exposed to rain during the working process, and when it is determined that the robot is exposed to rain, the robot automatically stops working or issues an alarm.
  • the rain sensor has the problem of inaccurate signal measurement.
  • the rain sensor is installed on the lawn mower robot. When the lawn mower robot stops at the docking station due to rain, if the docking station is equipped with a shelter, the rain sensor will be covered by the shelter. It is unable to continue to receive rain water, which will cause the lawn mower robot to be unable to accurately determine when the rain stops.
  • the present invention proposes a system for autonomous operation.
  • an autonomous operating system including an autonomous operating device and a second device independent of the autonomous operating device;
  • the autonomous operating system includes a control circuit;
  • the control circuit includes: a rain sensor , Which includes a first electrode and a second electrode; a switching circuit, wherein the first electrode and the second electrode are connected, and are configured to operatively exchange the polarities of the first electrode and the second electrode; detecting Module, which is configured to obtain the electrical signal of the rain sensor; a judgment module, which is configured to determine whether the electrical signal and the first threshold satisfy a first relationship; and a behavior control module, which is configured to determine the When the electrical signal and the first threshold meet a first relationship, the autonomous working device is controlled to change its operating state.
  • control circuit is configured on the autonomous working device.
  • control circuit further includes a first communication module, which is configured to send the electrical signal to the autonomous working device, so that the autonomous working device can respond to the electrical signal Change the operating state; the rain sensor, the detection module, and the first communication module are configured on the second device; the judgment module is configured on the autonomous working device or the second device superior.
  • a rain sensor including a base and an electrode; the base has an upper end surface and a lower end surface opposed to each other, and the lower end surface is used to be exposed inside a sealed cavity.
  • the upper end surface is used to be exposed to the outside of the sealed cavity; the electrode is embedded in the base and both ends of the electrode penetrate the upper end surface and the lower end surface respectively.
  • the base has elasticity.
  • a rain sensor including a base, an electrode, and a protrusion;
  • the base has an upper end surface and a lower end surface opposite to the upper end surface;
  • the upper end of the electrode is at least partially Exposed to the upper end surface of the base;
  • the protrusion is at least partially disposed directly above the upper end surface, and there is a gap between at least part of the protrusion and the upper end surface.
  • Fig. 1 is a top view of an autonomous working device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit for an autonomous working device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 shows a timing diagram of a switching signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a timing diagram of a switching signal according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit for an autonomous working device according to other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit for an autonomous working device according to still other embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a schematic diagram of a switching circuit according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Y-Y in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of a part E of Fig. 8.
  • Fig. 11 is an exploded view (partial) of an autonomous operation device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12 is a top view of a rain sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line Z-Z in Fig. 12.
  • Fig. 14 is a left side view of Fig. 12.
  • Fig. 15 is a partial schematic diagram of a rain sensor of an autonomous working device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 16 is a partial top view of a rain sensor of an autonomous working device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line X1-X1 in Fig. 16.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a docking station according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the "substantially equal” or “substantially equal” used in this specification and the appended claims means that two physical quantities or parameters are equal in the same sense as to the validity of a given judgment result, for example, depending on In different application scenarios, the difference between two physical quantities or parameters within 2%, 5% or 10% can be regarded as basically equal, as long as the validity of the judgment results between the two physical quantities or parameters is the same .
  • this embodiment provides an autonomous operation system, which includes an autonomous operation device 6100, a docking station 6900, and a boundary.
  • the autonomous operation equipment 6100 is especially a robot that can autonomously move within a preset area and perform specific tasks, such as smart sweepers/vacuum cleaners for cleaning operations, smart lawnmowers for mowing operations, and snow sweeping operations. Smart snowplows for operations, smart pool sweepers for pool cleaning, etc.
  • the specific job refers in particular to a job that processes the working surface and changes the state of the working surface.
  • the present invention is described in detail by taking an intelligent lawn mower as an example.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 can autonomously walk on the surface of the working area, especially as an intelligent lawn mower, can autonomously perform mowing operations on the ground.
  • the autonomous operation equipment 6100 includes at least a main body mechanism, a mobile mechanism, a working mechanism, an energy module, a detection module, an interaction module, a control module, and so on.
  • the main mechanism usually includes a chassis and a housing, and the chassis is used to install and accommodate functional mechanisms and functional modules such as a moving mechanism, a working mechanism, an energy module, a detection module, an interaction module, and a control module.
  • the shell is usually configured to at least partially cover the chassis, and mainly plays a role in enhancing the beauty and recognition of the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the housing is configured to move and/or rotate resettable relative to the chassis under the action of an external force, and cooperates with an appropriate detection module, such as a magnet and a Hall sensor for example, to further function Perceive the effects of events such as collisions and lifts.
  • the moving mechanism is configured to support the main mechanism on the ground and drive the main mechanism to move on the ground, and usually includes a wheeled moving mechanism, a crawler type or a half-crawler type moving mechanism, and a walking type moving mechanism.
  • the moving mechanism is a wheeled moving mechanism, including at least one driving wheel and at least one walking prime mover.
  • the walking prime mover is preferably an electric motor. In other embodiments, it may also be an internal combustion engine or a machine that uses other types of energy to generate power.
  • the linear travel of the autonomous working device 6100 is realized by rotating the left and right driving wheels in the same direction at a constant speed
  • the steering travel is realized by the same direction differential or opposite rotation of the left and right driving wheels.
  • the moving mechanism may further include a steering mechanism independent of the driving wheels and a steering prime mover independent of the walking prime mover.
  • the moving mechanism further includes at least one driven wheel, the driven wheel is typically configured as a universal wheel, and the driving wheel and the driven wheel are respectively located at the front and rear ends of the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the working mechanism is configured to perform specific work tasks, including a work piece and a work prime mover that drives the work piece to run.
  • the work piece includes a rolling brush, a dust tube, a dust collection chamber, etc.
  • the work piece includes a cutting blade or a cutting blade, and further includes The height adjustment mechanism used to adjust the height of the mowing and other components that optimize or adjust the mowing effect.
  • the working prime mover is preferably an electric motor, and in other embodiments may also be an internal combustion engine or a machine that uses other types of energy to generate power.
  • the working prime mover and the walking prime mover are constructed as the same prime mover.
  • the energy module is configured to provide energy for various tasks of the autonomous working equipment 6100.
  • the energy module includes a battery and a charging connection structure, wherein the battery is preferably a rechargeable battery, and the charging connection structure is preferably a charging pole piece that can be exposed outside the autonomous operating device.
  • the detection module is configured as at least one sensor that senses environmental parameters of the autonomous working device 6100 or its own working parameters.
  • the detection module may include sensors related to the limitation of the working area, such as magnetic induction type, collision type, ultrasonic type, infrared type, wireless type, etc., and the sensor type is adapted to the position and number of the corresponding signal generating device .
  • the detection module may also include sensors related to positioning and navigation, such as GPS positioning devices, laser positioning devices, electronic compasses, acceleration sensors, odometers, angle sensors, and geomagnetic sensors.
  • the detection module may also include sensors related to its own work safety, such as obstacle sensors, lift sensors, battery pack temperature sensors, and so on.
  • the detection module may also include sensors related to the external environment, such as an environmental temperature sensor, an environmental humidity sensor, a light sensor, a rain sensor 640, and so on. In some other embodiments, at least part of the detection module is constructed on the docking station 6900, and data is exchanged through communication between the autonomous working equipment 6100 and the docking station 6900.
  • sensors related to the external environment such as an environmental temperature sensor, an environmental humidity sensor, a light sensor, a rain sensor 640, and so on.
  • at least part of the detection module is constructed on the docking station 6900, and data is exchanged through communication between the autonomous working equipment 6100 and the docking station 6900.
  • the interaction module is configured to at least receive control instruction information input by the user, send out information that requires user perception, communicate with other systems or devices to send and receive information, and so on.
  • the interaction module includes an input device set on the autonomous operation device 6100, which is used to receive control instruction information input by the user, typically such as a control panel, an emergency stop button 650, etc.; the interaction module also includes an input device set on the autonomous operation device 6100.
  • the display screen, indicator light and/or buzzer on the device 6100 enable the user to perceive information by lighting or sounding.
  • the interaction module includes a communication module set on the autonomous operating equipment 6100 and terminal equipment independent of the autonomous operating equipment 6100, such as mobile phones, computers, web servers, etc., and the user's control instruction information or other information can be in the terminal Input on the device and arrive at the autonomous working device 6100 via a wired or wireless communication module.
  • at least part of the interaction module is constructed on the docking station 6900, and data is exchanged between the autonomous working equipment 6100 and the docking station 6900.
  • the control module usually includes at least one processor and at least one non-volatile memory.
  • the memory stores a pre-written computer program or instruction set, and the processor controls the autonomous operating device 6100 according to the computer program or instruction set. The execution of movement, work and other actions. Further, the control module can also control and adjust the corresponding behavior of the autonomous working device 6100, modify the parameters in the memory, etc. according to the signal of the detection module and/or user control instructions.
  • the boundary is used to define the working area of the autonomous operating system, and usually includes an outer boundary and an inner boundary 8002.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 is limited to move and work within the outer boundary, outside the inner boundary, or between the outer boundary and the inner boundary.
  • the boundary may be physical, typically such as walls, fences, railings, etc.; the boundary may also be virtual, typically such as a virtual boundary signal sent by a boundary signal generating device, the virtual boundary signal is usually an electromagnetic signal or Optical signal, or for an autonomous working device 6100 equipped with a positioning device (such as GPS, etc.), a virtual boundary set in an electronic map exemplarily formed by two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates.
  • the boundary structure is a closed energized wire electrically connected to the boundary signal generating device, and the boundary signal generating device is usually set in the stop 6900.
  • the docking station 6900 is usually constructed on or within the boundary for the autonomous operation equipment 6100 to park, especially capable of supplying energy to the autonomous operation equipment 6100 parked at the docking station.
  • the conventional rain sensor includes two electrodes arranged at intervals, and a voltage is applied between the two electrodes. Under normal circumstances, the two electrodes are insulated from each other, and the rain sensor is disconnected from the control circuit inside the autonomous operating equipment. When it rains, rainwater collects in the groove of the rain sensor base due to the free ion concentration of the rainwater. Larger will conduct both electrodes. Therefore, it is possible to know whether it is raining or not by measuring the resistance of the rain sensor, so that the autonomous operating equipment can be controlled accordingly.
  • the rain sensor when a voltage is applied between the two electrodes of the rain sensor, a polarized layer will be generated on the two electrodes, and a capacitance effect will be generated between the two electrodes. At this time, the rain sensor will no longer be a pure resistance. , But the impedance including capacitive reactance. When current flows through the rainwater between the two electrodes, concentration polarization will be generated near the two electrodes, which makes the measurement of the resistance of the rain sensor more inaccurate, making it difficult to accurately control the operation of the robot. Furthermore, the two energized electrodes of the rain sensor and the rainwater between them form an electrolytic cell. The electrodes are usually made of impure metal. Electrochemical corrosion occurs through the electrode reaction, which causes the resistivity of the electrode surface to change. Increase, which makes the detection of rain insensitive.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit 200 for an autonomous working device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the control circuit 200 may be located in the autonomous working device 6100 shown in FIG. 18, for example.
  • the control circuit 200 includes a switching circuit 10 and a main controller 20 connected to the switching circuit 10.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a first terminal 11 and a second terminal 12, wherein the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are respectively connected to the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50 installed on the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 may have different polarities by applying a voltage to the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit 200 for an autonomous working device according to some embodiments of the present invention.
  • the control circuit 200 may be located in the autonomous working device 6100 shown in FIG. 18, for example.
  • the control circuit 200 includes a switching circuit 10 and a main controller 20 connected to the switching circuit 10.
  • the switching circuit 10
  • the switching circuit 10 includes an H-bridge circuit.
  • FIG. 7 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the switching circuit 10 according to some embodiments of the present invention, in which the rain sensor 50 is equivalent to a variable resistor R0. , Terminal T1 and terminal T2 are connected to the power source, and terminal T3 and terminal T4 are grounded.
  • switch K1 and the switch K4 are closed, and the switch K2 and the switch K3 are disconnected, the left end of the variable resistor R0 is high potential, and the right end of the variable resistor R0 is low potential.
  • switch K1 and the switch K4 are disconnected, and the switch K2 and the switch K3 are closed, then the left end of the variable resistor R0 is at a low potential, and the right end of the variable resistor R0 is at a high potential.
  • Switches K1 ⁇ K4 can choose mechanical switch, electronic switch (such as MOS tube) and so on. It should be understood that the description of FIG. 7 is in principle, and those skilled in the art can make various specific implementation schemes within the framework of this principle in combination with actual conditions. More specifically, the switching circuit 10 may be an H-bridge integrated chip, such as L9100S.
  • the main controller 20 can be implemented on one single chip or on a single chip, and can also be implemented on multiple single chips or on multiple chips.
  • the main controller 20 may include a switching control module 21 configured to send a switching signal to the switching circuit 10 every predetermined time interval to exchange the polarities of the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50.
  • Fig. 3 shows a timing diagram of a switching signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, in each cycle C, the switching control module 21 sends a switching signal SW to the switching circuit 10 every predetermined time interval T. The switching signal SW is used to control the switching circuit 10 to exchange the rain sensor 50. The polarities of the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52.
  • the switching control module 21 is at time And the time after the predetermined time interval T A switching signal SW1 and SW2 are sent to the switching circuit 10.
  • the switching signals SW1 and SW2 may be exactly the same signal, for example, a single pulse signal, which is only used to instruct the switching circuit 10 to switch the polarity.
  • the switching signals SW1 and SW2 may be different signals, which include additional information in addition to instructing the switching circuit 10 to switch the polarity.
  • the switching signals SW1 and SW2 can be simple high and low level signals, or can be communication signals conforming to a certain communication protocol.
  • the switching control module 21 may not be provided on the main controller 20, but may be provided separately or integrated into the switching circuit 10, that is, the switching circuit 10 autonomously controls the electrodes 51 and 52. Exchange of polarity.
  • the description will be made by taking the switching circuit 10 receiving the switching signal from the switching control module 21 and exchanging the polarities of the electrodes 51 and 52 as an example.
  • the present invention can also be implemented by the switching circuit 10 to autonomously control the polarity exchange of the electrodes 51 and 52 without going beyond the scope of the present invention.
  • the switching circuit 10 is at time When the first switching signal SW1 is received, it enters the first output state.
  • the first terminal 11 is high (in this embodiment, the first terminal 11 is connected to the power supply Vcc), and the second terminal 12 is low Potential (the second terminal 12 is grounded in this embodiment).
  • the first electrode 51 connected to the first terminal 11 is at a high potential
  • the second electrode 52 connected to the second terminal 12 is at a low potential, so that the first electrode 51-rain (possible)-the second electrode 52
  • the first electrode 51 is a positive electrode
  • the second electrode 52 is a negative electrode.
  • the switching circuit 10 receives the second switching signal SW2 and enters the second output state.
  • the first terminal 11 is at a low potential (in this embodiment, the first terminal 11 is grounded), and the second terminal 12 is at a high level.
  • Potential in this embodiment, the second terminal 12 is connected to the power supply Vcc.
  • the first electrode 51 connected to the first terminal 11 is at a low potential
  • the second electrode 52 connected to the second terminal 12 is at a high potential, so that the first electrode 51-rainwater (possible)-the second electrode 52
  • the first electrode 51 is a negative electrode
  • the second electrode 52 is a positive electrode.
  • the switching control module 21 sends a switching signal to the switching circuit 10 every predetermined time T, the duration of the first output state is substantially equal to the duration of the second output state.
  • the positive and negative poles of the rain sensor 50 are exchanged twice for the same time interval T, so that the rain concentration polarization phenomenon in the rain sensor 50 can be avoided or reduced. At the same time, it can effectively reduce and slow down the electrochemical corrosion of the electrode.
  • the main controller 20 further includes a detection module 22 configured to obtain an electric signal of the rain sensor 50 within a predetermined time interval T. As shown in Fig. 3, it is assumed that in the cycle C n , the detection module 22 is at time Moments after To detect the electrical signal of the rain sensor 50. According to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to maintain the consistency of measurement, in each cycle C, the detection module 22 acquires at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the first output state or at a predetermined time ⁇ t afterwards (as shown in FIG. 3) The electrical signal, that is,
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a voltage dividing resistor (such as the resistor R1 shown in FIG. 2) connected in series with the rain sensor 50, and the first terminal 11 is connected to the first electrode 51 through the voltage dividing resistor R1.
  • the detection module 22 obtains the electrical signal by detecting the level between the rain sensor 50 and the voltage dividing resistor R1.
  • the electrical signal is a voltage signal (for example, time The obtained electrical signal can be expressed as ), which indicates the voltage drop on the rain sensor 50 and the voltage divider resistor R1.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a shunt resistor (not shown in the figure) connected in parallel with the rain sensor 50.
  • the detection module 22 obtains the electrical signal by detecting the current flowing on the rain sensor 50.
  • the electrical signal is a current signal (for example, time The obtained electrical signal can be expressed as ), which indicates the current flowing between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50.
  • the main controller 20 further includes a judgment module 23 configured to determine whether the relationship between the electrical signal and the first threshold is a first relationship.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a voltage divider resistor connected in series with the rain sensor 50, the electrical signal is a voltage signal or a level signal, and the first threshold is a predetermined voltage threshold or level threshold.
  • the first relationship may include that the electrical signal is less than or equal to The first threshold.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a shunt resistor connected in parallel with the rain sensor 50, the electrical signal is a current signal, the first threshold is a predetermined current threshold, and the first relationship is defined as the electrical signal is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • a voltage or level signal is used as an example of the electrical signal to describe the present invention.
  • the detection module 22 obtains Electrical signal It is basically equal to the power supply voltage V cc .
  • the first threshold value V m may be a fixed value, and may be a value proportional to supply voltage V cc, for example, 50% of the supply voltage V cc.
  • a suitable first threshold V m can be obtained through simulation experiments.
  • the main controller 20 may also include a behavior control module 24, which is configured to determine the electrical signal When it is less than or equal to the first threshold V m , the autonomous working device 6100 is controlled to change the operating state.
  • the behavior control module 24 can control the autonomous working device 6100 to stop the operation and return to the docking station 6900. More specifically, the working mechanism 30 of the autonomous working device 6100 stops working under the control of the behavior control module 24 and the moving mechanism 40 of the autonomous working device 6100 returns to the docking station 6900 under the control of the behavior control module 24.
  • the main controller 20 determines that it is currently raining.
  • the behavior control module 24 can control the robot to stop the operation and return to the docking station 6900 to avoid rain.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 when the autonomous working device 6100 needs to work when it is raining, it enters the standby state when the rain sensor 50 detects that it is not raining, and enters the working state when the rain sensor 50 detects it is raining.
  • the judging module 23 can determine the multiple electrical signals Are all less than or equal to the first threshold V m , and when multiple electrical signals are determined When both are less than or equal to the first threshold V m , the behavior control module 24 changes the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the main controller 20 can more accurately judge whether it is currently in a rainy environment, thereby avoiding accidental situations (such as a small amount of other water accidentally falling into the groove 54). Sentenced. Further, the judgment module 23 can also determine multiple electrical signals Whether they are substantially equal, and the behavior control module 24 can determine multiple electrical signals When both are less than or equal to the first threshold V m and are substantially equal to each other, the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 is changed. In this way, it can also be judged whether the rainfall intensity is stable, thereby further improving the accuracy of the control.
  • the detection module 22 obtains an electrical signal once in each cycle C In another embodiment, the detection module 22 may obtain the electrical signal twice in each cycle C.
  • Fig. 4 shows a timing diagram of a switching signal according to another embodiment of the present invention. Similar to Figure 3, in each cycle C, the switching control module 21 is at time And moment A switching signal SW1 and SW2 are sent to the switching circuit 10. Unlike in FIG. 3, the detection module 22 acquires the first electrical signal of the rain sensor 50 at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the first output state or at a predetermined time ⁇ t afterward.
  • the second electrical signal of the rain sensor 50 is acquired at the time when the switching circuit 10 enters the second output state or at a predetermined time ⁇ t afterward (as shown in FIG. 4).
  • the judgment module 23 determines the first electrical signal And the second electrical signal Whether the sum is equal to the first preset value.
  • the first preset value specifically refers to the voltage V cc of the power supply.
  • the voltage V cc of the power supply described herein generally refers to the sum of the voltages loaded on the rain sensor 50 and the voltage divider resistor. The description is exemplarily described in terms of the power supply voltage V cc or the power supply voltage V cc. Determine the electrical signal (I.e.
  • the behavior control module 24 changes the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100. That is, the sum of the two electrical signals measured after the same period of time after the polarity reversal of the electrodes 51 and 52 occurs should be equal to the power supply voltage V cc , thereby further improving the accuracy of the measurement.
  • each cycle C is displayed as twice the predetermined time interval T, that is, the next cycle is entered immediately after the switching circuit 10 is in the second output state for the predetermined time interval T And it is in the first output state under the control of the switching signal SW1.
  • the switching circuit 10 when the switching circuit 10 is in the second output state for a predetermined time interval T (at the time shown in FIGS. 3 and 4) After the time interval T has elapsed), both the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are grounded for a predetermined period of time ⁇ .
  • the predetermined time period ⁇ may be a value much smaller than the predetermined time interval T. In this way, both the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are grounded during the time period ⁇ , so that the electric charges near the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are dissipated.
  • the judgment module 23 can determine the electrical signal acquired by the detection module 22 Is it equal to the voltage V cc of the power supply.
  • the electrical signal acquired by the detection module 22 When equal to the voltage V cc of the power supply, there is no rain in the groove 54 of the rain sensor 50. This can be divided into two situations. One is that it has never rained, and the other is that it has rained before, and the rain has stopped for a period of time, and all the water in the groove 54 has been discharged or evaporated.
  • the behavior control module 24 may further determine whether the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 is a working state or a stopped state.
  • the behavior control module 24 may control the autonomous working device 6100 to enter the working state. For example, when the autonomous working equipment 6100 stops working due to rain, it detects the electric signal of the rain sensor 50 again. When the power supply voltage V cc is restored, it can be determined that the rain has stopped and the rainwater in the groove 54 has been completely discharged or evaporated, and the external environment becomes suitable for the autonomous operation device 6100 to operate again. In this case, the autonomous working device 6100 can be put into work again by determining the current operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 and changing it from the stopped state to the working state. At this time, the moving mechanism 40 of the autonomous working device 6100 departs from the docking station 6900 under the control of the behavior control module 24, and the working mechanism 30 of the autonomous working device 6100 starts to work under the control of the behavior control module 24.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit 500 for autonomous working equipment according to other embodiments of the present invention.
  • the rain sensor 50 may be provided on a second device that is independent of the autonomous operating device.
  • the second device is exemplarily the docking station 6900 shown in FIG. 18 or another independent device.
  • the second device may be dedicated to detecting whether it is raining or may also have other functions such as signal transmission.
  • the second device is fixedly installed on the ground, building or structure. In other embodiments, the second device can also be set on other robots.
  • the first The second device may be the aircraft, that is, the control circuit 500 may be provided on the aircraft.
  • the second device may be at least one of the multiple autonomous operating devices 6100, that is, the control circuit 500 may be provided in at least one of the multiple autonomous operating devices 6100.
  • the rain sensor 50 is installed in the stop 6900 as an example for description.
  • the entire control circuit 500 may include a part 510 in the docking station 6900 and a part 520 in the autonomous working equipment 6100.
  • the main control function is implemented by the part 510 in the docking station 6900, so 510 can also be referred to as a control circuit for controlling the autonomous working equipment 6100.
  • the following description will focus on the differences between the control circuit 510 shown in FIG. 5 and the control circuit 200 shown in FIG. 2, and the description of the same parts will be omitted.
  • the control circuit 510 includes a switching circuit 10 and a main controller 20 connected to the switching circuit 10.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a first terminal 11 and a second terminal 12, wherein the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are respectively connected to the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50 installed on the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 may have different polarities by applying a voltage to the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52.
  • the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are arranged on the insulating base 53 of the rain sensor 50 at intervals and penetrate the base 53. When it rains, the rainwater collected in the groove 54 on the top of the base 53 will conduct the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 to form an electrical path.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes an H-bridge circuit, as shown in FIG. 7. More specifically, the switching circuit 10 may be an H-bridge integrated chip, such as L9100S.
  • the main controller 20 may be implemented on one single chip or a single chip, or may be implemented on multiple single chips or multiple chips.
  • the main controller 20 may include a switching control module 21 configured to send a switching signal to the switching circuit 10 every predetermined time interval to exchange the polarities of the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50.
  • the timing diagrams of the switching signals are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and as described above in conjunction with Fig. 2, and will not be repeated here.
  • the main controller 20 further includes a detection module 22 configured to obtain an electric signal of the rain sensor 50 within a predetermined time interval T. As shown in Fig. 3, it is assumed that in the cycle C n , the detection module 22 is at time Moments after To detect the electrical signal of the rain sensor 50. According to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to maintain the consistency of measurement, in each cycle C, the detection module 22 acquires the electrical signal at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the first output state or at a predetermined time ⁇ t afterwards, that is,
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a voltage dividing resistor (such as the resistor R1 shown in FIG. 5) connected in series with the rain sensor 50, and the first terminal 11 passes through the voltage dividing resistor R1 and the first electrode. 51 is connected.
  • the detection module 22 obtains the electrical signal by detecting the level between the rain sensor 50 and the voltage dividing resistor R1.
  • the electrical signal is a voltage signal (for example, time The obtained electrical signal can be expressed as ), which indicates the voltage drop on the rain sensor 50 and the voltage divider resistor R1.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a shunt resistor (not shown in the figure) connected in parallel with the rain sensor 50.
  • the detection module 22 obtains the electrical signal by detecting the current flowing on the rain sensor 50.
  • the electrical signal is a current signal (for example, time The obtained electrical signal can be expressed as ), which indicates the current flowing between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50.
  • the main controller 20 may further include a judgment module 23 configured to determine whether the relationship between the electrical signal and the first threshold V m is a first relationship.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a voltage divider resistor connected in series with the rain sensor 50, the electrical signal is a voltage signal or a level signal, the first threshold is a predetermined voltage threshold or level threshold, and the first relationship may include the electrical signal. The signal is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a shunt resistor connected in parallel with the rain sensor 50, the electrical signal is a current signal, the first threshold is a predetermined current threshold, and the first relationship may include that the electrical signal is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • a voltage or level signal is used as an example of the electrical signal to describe the present invention.
  • the main controller 20 does not include the behavior control module 24 but includes the first communication module 25.
  • the first communication module 25 is configured to determine the electrical signal
  • the relationship with the first threshold value V m is that the first relationship always sends a command signal to the autonomous working device 6100 to cause the autonomous working device 6100 to change the operating state.
  • the first communication module 25 and the autonomous working device 6100 may communicate through a general or dedicated communication method. For example, it can be connected and communicated through wireless communication methods such as WiFi and Bluetooth. Alternatively, communication can also be carried out through boundary signals with a specific law, which will not be repeated here.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 includes a second communication module 26 configured to receive the command signal from the first communication module 25, and also includes a behavior control module 24 configured to change the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 according to the command signal .
  • the behavior control module 24 may control the autonomous working equipment 6100 to stop working and return to the docking station 6900. More specifically, the working mechanism 30 of the autonomous working device 6100 stops working under the control of the behavior control module 24 and the moving mechanism 40 of the autonomous working device 6100 returns to the docking station 6900 under the control of the behavior control module 24.
  • the docking station 6900 determines that it is currently raining.
  • the docking station 6900 sends a control command to the autonomous working device 6100 to control the robot to stop the operation and return to the docking station 6900 to avoid rain.
  • a command signal is sent to make the autonomous working device 6100 enter the standby state, and when the rain sensor 50 detects that it is raining Sending the command signal causes the autonomous working device 6100 to enter the working state.
  • the detection module 22 may continuously acquire multiple electrical signals of the rain sensor 50 every two predetermined time intervals T, that is, acquire once in each cycle C electric signal.
  • the judging module 23 can determine whether the multiple electrical signals are all less than or equal to the first threshold V m , and when it is determined that the multiple electrical signals are less than or equal to the first threshold V m , the first communication module 25 sends a notification to the autonomous working device 6100 Send the command signal.
  • the judging module 23 can also determine whether the multiple electrical signals are substantially equal, and the first communication module 25 can perform autonomous operations when determining that the multiple electrical signals are all less than or equal to the first threshold V m and substantially equal.
  • the device 6100 sends the command signal.
  • the detection module 22 acquires the first electrical signal of the rain sensor 50 at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the first output state or a predetermined time ⁇ t afterward.
  • the second electrical signal of the rain sensor 50 can also be acquired correspondingly at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the second output state or at a predetermined time ⁇ t afterward.
  • the judgment module 23 determines the first electrical signal And the second electrical signal Is the sum equal to the first preset value, and is determining whether the electrical signal (I.e.
  • the first communication module 25 sends the command signal to the autonomous working device 6100 to change the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the first preset value may refer to the voltage V cc of the power supply.
  • the sum of the two electrical signals measured after the same period of time after the polarity reversal of the electrodes 51 and 52 occurs should be equal to the power supply voltage V cc , thereby further improving the accuracy of the measurement.
  • both the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 may be grounded for a predetermined period of time ⁇ .
  • the judgment module 23 can determine the electrical signal acquired by the detection module 22 Is it equal to the voltage V cc of the power supply.
  • the electrical signal acquired by the detection module 22 When equal to the voltage V cc of the power supply, there is no rain in the groove 54 of the rain sensor 50. This can be divided into two situations. One is that it has never rained, and the other is that it has rained before, and the rain has stopped for a period of time, and all the water in the groove 54 has been discharged or evaporated.
  • the first communication module 25 may further determine whether the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 is a working state or a stopped state.
  • the first communication module 25 may send the command signal to the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the autonomous working equipment 6100 stops working due to rain, it detects the electric signal of the rain sensor 50 again.
  • the power supply voltage V cc is restored, it can be determined that the rain has stopped and the rainwater in the groove 54 has been completely discharged or evaporated, and the external environment becomes suitable for the autonomous operation device 6100 to operate again.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 can be put into work again by determining the current operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 and changing it from the stopped state to the working state.
  • the behavior control module 24 can change the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 according to the command signal.
  • the moving mechanism 40 of the autonomous working device 6100 can start from the docking station 6900 under the control of the behavior control module 24, and the working mechanism 30 of the autonomous working device 6100 can start working under the control of the behavior control module 24.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 may be an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 (that is, the rain sensor is only installed on the docking station 6900 and not installed on the autonomous operation equipment 6100) or supplementary (that is, the autonomous operation equipment 6100 and the docking station 6100). Rain sensors are installed on station 6900). In some cases, this is advantageous. For example, in the case where the stop 6900 is provided with a shelter, when the autonomous working device 6100 stops at the stop 6900, it may not be able to accurately determine whether it stops in the rain, and thus cannot accurately control its operating state.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit 600 for an autonomous working device according to still other embodiments of the present invention.
  • the rain sensor 50 may be provided on a second device that is independent of the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the second device is exemplarily the docking station 6900 shown in FIG. 1 or another independent A device, the second device may be dedicated to detecting whether it is raining or may also have other functions such as signal transmission.
  • the rain sensor 50 is installed in the stop 6900 as an example for description.
  • the entire control circuit 600 may include a part 610 in the docking station 6900 and a part 620 in the autonomous working equipment 6100. Unlike the embodiment of FIG.
  • the control function is implemented by the part 610 in the docking station 6900 and the part 620 in the autonomous working device 6100 in cooperation.
  • the judgment module 23 is located in the autonomous working device 6100 instead of the docking station 6900. The following description will focus on the differences between the control circuit 600 shown in FIG. 6 and the control circuit 200 shown in FIG. 2 and the control circuit 500 shown in FIG. 5, and the description of the same parts will be omitted.
  • the control circuit part 610 of the docking station 6900 includes a switching circuit 10 and a main controller 20 connected to the switching circuit 10.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a first terminal 11 and a second terminal 12, wherein the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 are respectively connected to the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50 installed on the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 may have different polarities by applying a voltage to the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52.
  • the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 are arranged on the insulating base 53 of the rain sensor 50 at intervals and penetrate the base 53.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes an H-bridge circuit. More specifically, the switching circuit 10 may be an H-bridge integrated chip, such as L9100S.
  • the main controller 20 can be implemented on a single chip or a single chip, and can also be implemented on multiple single chips or multiple chips.
  • the control circuit part 620 (the second communication module 26, the judgment module 23 and the behavior control module 24) can be implemented Realize on another one or some other microcontrollers or chips.
  • the main controller 20 may include a switching control module 21 configured to send a switching signal to the switching circuit 10 every predetermined time interval to exchange the polarities of the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50.
  • the timing diagrams of the switching signals are shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 and as described above in conjunction with FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, and will not be repeated here.
  • the main controller 20 further includes a detection module 22 configured to obtain an electric signal of the rain sensor 50 within a predetermined time interval T. As shown in Fig. 3, it is assumed that in the cycle C n , the detection module 22 is at time Moments after To detect the electrical signal of the rain sensor 50. According to the embodiment of the present invention, in order to maintain the consistency of measurement, in each cycle C, the detection module 22 acquires the electrical signal at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the first output state or at a predetermined time ⁇ t afterward, that is,
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a voltage dividing resistor (such as the resistor R1 shown in FIG. 6) connected in series with the rain sensor 50, and the first terminal 11 passes through the voltage dividing resistor R1 and the first electrode. 51 is connected.
  • the detection module 22 obtains the electrical signal by detecting the level between the rain sensor 50 and the voltage dividing resistor R1.
  • the electrical signal is a voltage signal (for example, time The obtained electrical signal can be expressed as ), which indicates the voltage drop on the rain sensor 50 and the voltage divider resistor R1.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a shunt resistor (not shown in the figure) connected in parallel with the rain sensor 50.
  • the detection module 22 obtains the electrical signal by detecting the current flowing on the rain sensor 50.
  • the electrical signal is a current signal (for example, time The obtained electrical signal can be expressed as ), which indicates the current flowing between the first electrode 51 and the second electrode 52 of the rain sensor 50.
  • the main controller 20 does not include the judgment module 23, but includes the first communication module 25, which directly converts the electrical signals acquired by the detection module 22 Send it to the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 includes a second communication module 26 configured to receive the electrical signal from the first communication module 25 And also includes a judgment module 23, which determines the electrical signal Whether the relationship with the first threshold V m is the first relationship.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a voltage divider resistor connected in series with the rain sensor 50, the electrical signal is a voltage signal or a level signal, the first threshold is a predetermined voltage threshold or level threshold, and the first relationship may include the electrical signal. The signal is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • the switching circuit 10 includes a shunt resistor connected in parallel with the rain sensor 50, the electrical signal is a current signal, the first threshold is a predetermined current threshold, and the first relationship may include that the electrical signal is less than or equal to the first threshold.
  • a voltage or level signal is used as an example of the electrical signal to describe the present invention.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 also includes a behavior control module 24, which is configured to determine the electrical signal When the relationship with the first threshold V m is the first relationship, the operation state of the autonomous working device 6100 is changed.
  • the behavior control module 24 may control the autonomous working equipment 6100 to stop working and return to the docking station 6900. More specifically, the working mechanism 30 of the autonomous working device 6100 stops working under the control of the behavior control module 24 and the moving mechanism 40 of the autonomous working device 6100 returns to the docking station 6900 under the control of the behavior control module 24.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 determines that it is currently raining.
  • the behavior control module 24 of the autonomous working device 6100 controls the robot to stop the operation and return to the docking station 6900 to avoid rain.
  • the autonomous working device 6100 needs to work when it is raining
  • a command signal is sent to make the autonomous working device 6100 enter the standby state
  • the rain sensor 50 detects that it is raining Sending the command signal causes the autonomous working device 6100 to enter the working state.
  • the detection module 22 may continuously obtain multiple electrical signals of the rain sensor 50 every two predetermined time intervals T, that is, every cycle C Acquire an electrical signal within.
  • the first communication module 25 can send the multiple electrical signals to the autonomous working device 6100, and the judgment module 23 of the autonomous working device 6100 can determine whether the multiple electrical signals are all less than or equal to the first threshold V m , and when it is determined When multiple electrical signals are less than or equal to the first threshold V m , the behavior control module 24 changes the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the judging module 23 can also determine whether the multiple electrical signals are substantially equal, and the behavior control module 24 can change the autonomous operation equipment when determining that the multiple electrical signals are all less than or equal to the first threshold V m and substantially equal. The operating status of the 6100.
  • the detection module 22 acquires the first electrical signal of the rain sensor 50 at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the first output state or a predetermined time ⁇ t afterward.
  • the second electrical signal of the rain sensor 50 can also be acquired correspondingly at the moment when the switching circuit 10 enters the second output state or at a predetermined time ⁇ t afterward.
  • the first communication module 25 can transmit the first electrical signal And the second electrical signal Send it to the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the second communication module 26 of the autonomous working device 6100 receives the first electrical signal from the first communication module 25 And the second electrical signal
  • the judgment module 23 determines the first electrical signal And the second electrical signal Is the sum equal to the first preset value, and is determining whether the electrical signal (I.e. the first electrical signal ) Is less than or equal to the first threshold V m and the first electrical signal And the second electrical signal
  • the behavior control module 24 changes the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100.
  • the first preset value may refer to the voltage V cc of the power supply.
  • the sum of the two electrical signals measured after the same period of time after the polarity reversal of the electrodes 51 and 52 occurs should be equal to the power supply voltage V cc , thereby further improving the accuracy of the measurement.
  • both the first terminal 11 and the second terminal 12 may be grounded for a predetermined period of time ⁇ .
  • the judgment module 23 can determine the electrical signal acquired by the detection module 22 Is it equal to the voltage V cc of the power supply.
  • the electrical signal acquired by the detection module 22 When equal to the voltage V cc of the power supply, there is no rain in the groove 54 of the rain sensor 50. This can be divided into two situations. One is that it has never rained, and the other is that it has rained before, and the rain has stopped for a period of time, and all the water in the groove 54 has been discharged or evaporated.
  • the behavior control module 24 may further determine whether the operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 is a working state or a stopped state.
  • the behavior control module 24 controls the autonomous working device 6100 to enter the working state. For example, when the autonomous working equipment 6100 stops working due to rain, it detects the electric signal of the rain sensor 50 again. When the power supply voltage V cc is restored, it can be determined that the rain has stopped and the rainwater in the groove 54 has been completely discharged or evaporated, and the external environment becomes suitable for the autonomous operation device 6100 to operate again. In this case, the autonomous working device 6100 can be put into work again by determining the current operating state of the autonomous working device 6100 and changing it from the stopped state to the working state. Specifically, the moving mechanism 40 of the autonomous working device 6100 can start from the docking station 6900 under the control of the behavior control module 24, and the working mechanism 30 of the autonomous working device 6100 can start working under the control of the behavior control module 24.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, which decentralizes the control functions of the entire system in two parts: the autonomous operation device 6100 and the docking station 6900 (or another independent device). It may be advantageous if the device itself has strong processing capabilities.
  • the present invention can be implemented as a method, a device, a chip circuit, and/or a computer program product.
  • the computer program product may include a computer-readable storage medium carrying computer-readable program instructions for executing various aspects of the present invention.
  • the chip circuit may include circuit units for performing various aspects of the present invention.
  • the rain sensor is usually installed in the unsealed space of the equipment, the control board is installed in the sealed space of the equipment, and the rain sensor and the control board are connected by wires.
  • This design scheme needs to consider two aspects of sealing. Including the sealing of the rain sensor itself and the sealing of the wire.
  • the rain sensor includes a base, a rubber part under the base and an electrode rod that penetrates the base.
  • the base is used as the basic support element and is made of harder plastic material. It is difficult to form a reliable seal between the plastic base and the metal electrode rod, regardless of whether the two are integrally formed by injection molding or through interference connection. In this way, water will seep into the bottom of the base, so that the electrode rod is always turned on, resulting in false triggering of the rain sensor.
  • this embodiment also provides a rain sensor 640 and an autonomous working device 6100 provided with the rain sensor 640, especially capable of autonomously walking in a preset area And perform smart lawn mowers for mowing operations.
  • the rain sensor 640 includes a base 641 and an electrode 642 embedded in the base 641.
  • the electrode 642 and the base 641 are joined by vulcanization bonding. This connection method can ensure the sealing of the connection part of the electrode 642 and the base 641, and prevent water from penetrating into the sealed cavity from the interface between the two. in vivo.
  • the electrode 642 and the base 641 are joined by an interference fit.
  • the base 641 has elasticity and can ensure sealing performance, and is preferably made of rubber.
  • the electrode 642 is in the shape of a rod, which can be a separate metal rod, or consists of a metal rod and a wire welded to the lower end of the metal rod.
  • the electrode 642 is preferably a separate metal rod.
  • the number of electrodes 642 is two, which are respectively positive and negative electrodes arranged at intervals.
  • the rain sensor 640 is only composed of the base 641 and the electrode 642, and the electrode 642 is a separate metal rod, so the entire rain sensor 640 is only composed of rubber material and metal material, to the greatest extent Reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the base 641 has an upper end surface 6411 and a lower end surface 6412 opposite to each other.
  • the lower end surface 6412 is used to be exposed inside the sealed cavity c
  • the upper end surface 6411 is used to be exposed outside the sealed cavity c.
  • the two ends of the electrode 642 respectively penetrate the upper end surface 6411 and the lower end surface 6412.
  • the upper end of the electrode 642 is used to be exposed to the outside of the sealed space c to contact with rain
  • the lower end of the electrode 642 is used to connect with the control board 660 in the sealed space c.
  • the rain sensor 640 is used to detect whether it is exposed to rain.
  • the control board 660 can detect the electrode conduction signal, and then automatically stop the operation or send a reminder according to the signal Signal.
  • the base 641 has an outer peripheral surface 6413 configured between the upper end surface 6211 and the lower end surface 6412.
  • the outer peripheral surface 6413 may be a circumferential surface, a regular circumferential surface of a polygonal circumferential surface, or an irregular circumferential surface.
  • a protruding support structure 6414 is constructed on the outer peripheral surface 6413.
  • the base 641 is supported by the support structure 6414 on the upper cover hole 6111 of the chassis upper cover 610 as a component of the sealing cavity c, and the lower end area can be extended into the upper cover hole In 6111, the lower end surface 6412 is exposed in the sealed cavity c.
  • the support structure 6414 on the outer peripheral surface 6413 can be used to support other structures placed outside the sealing structure, for example, the cover 630 located above the upper cover 610 of the chassis.
  • the cover 630 can use the cover hole 6311 on it to hold itself It is supported on the supporting structure 6414, while the upper end area of the supporting structure 6414 extends into the cover hole 6311, so that the upper end surface 6411 of the base 641 is exposed to the outside of the sealed cavity c.
  • the rain sensor 640 is clamped and pressed against the sealing structure, ensuring the best assembly and reliability of the rain sensor 640.
  • the support structure 6414 has a variety of alternatives. It can be a support flange extending continuously along the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 6413 of the base 641.
  • the support flange is sheet-shaped or has a certain thickness; or the support structure 6414 is formed along the base
  • the outer peripheral surface 6413 of the seat 641 is formed by a plurality of supporting parts distributed at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the supporting parts may be columnar, sheet-shaped or other shapes.
  • the supporting structure 6414 is a supporting flange extending in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 6413.
  • the supporting flange has a certain thickness.
  • the upper surface of the supporting flange is constructed with the inner edge of the flange.
  • the water guide groove extending toward the outer edge preferably extends straight in the radial direction of the flange.
  • the number of flanges is one or two. When the number of flanges is one, the aforementioned chassis upper cover 610 and the fixing plate 630 press the flanges tightly along the thickness direction of the flange.
  • the above-mentioned chassis upper cover 610 is in contact with the lower surface of the flange located below, so that the base 641 is supported on the upper cover hole 6111 of the chassis upper cover 610, and the above-mentioned cover body 630 is in contact with The upper surface of the upper flange contacts to support the flange, and the water channel is constructed on the upper surface of the upper flange.
  • the outer peripheral surface 6413 is configured with at least one protrusion 6415 extending in the circumferential direction of the outer peripheral surface 6413 and protruding from the outer peripheral surface 6413, the protrusion 6415 is configured in a ring shape, and the protrusion 6415 is located below the support structure 6414 , At least one protrusion 6415 is arranged at intervals along the height direction of the base 641.
  • the upper cover hole 6111 of the chassis upper cover 610 is stretched upward from the surface of the chassis upper cover 610 to form a first support portion 611.
  • the protrusion 6415 is used to match the inner wall of the first support portion 611 to achieve a sealing effect.
  • a concave water collecting surface 6416 is constructed on the upper end surface 6411 of the base 641, and the upper end of the electrode 642 is penetrated by the water collecting surface 6416, and the water collecting surface 6416 is recessed in the upper end surface 6411 to form a depression, which is good for collecting rain. In turn, the sensitivity of the electrode 642 is improved.
  • the periphery of the positive electrode and the periphery of the negative electrode are configured with multiple vertebral bodies attached to the water collecting surface 6416.
  • the gaps between the multiple vertebral bodies are connected to form a water storage space, and the water storage space is configured It can store water and form a water film connecting the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the cone is integrally formed on the water collecting surface 6416.
  • a plurality of cones are connected into an integrated rain-collecting structure, the rain-collecting structure is attached to the water-collecting surface 6416, the rain-collecting structure is provided with a longitudinal channel for the positive electrode and the negative electrode to pass through, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are formed by The longitudinal channel passes through and extends out of the upper end surface 6411 of the base 641.
  • the rain collecting structure is detachably fixed on the water collecting surface 6416 for easy replacement.
  • the rain-collecting structure can be stuck on the water-collecting surface 6416 through the concave-convex structure.
  • the detachable connection can be realized by gluing.
  • the cone is a triangular pyramid or a quadrangular pyramid.
  • a plurality of cones are arranged at intervals or the bottoms are adjacent to each other. There is a gap between the cones, and each cone is independent of each other and forms the gap, that is, there is no contact between adjacent cones.
  • the cones are connected together by a connecting part.
  • there is a gap between the cones and the gap is formed when the bottoms of adjacent cones are in contact with each other.
  • the cone forms an integrated rain-collecting structure, and the connection is realized only through the bottom of the contact.
  • the density of the tips of the plurality of cones on the water collecting surface 6416 is greater than 100 per square centimeter.
  • This density-distributed cone can effectively destroy the surface tension of water droplets with a diameter greater than 2 mm, so that the rainwater will spread evenly and quickly when it falls on the surface, forming a uniform water film on the surface, and solving the problem of rapid triggering.
  • the autonomous operation device 6100 provided in this embodiment includes a sealed structure with a sealed cavity c and the rain sensor 640 as described above.
  • the rain sensor 640 is arranged on the sealed structure, and the lower end surface of the base 641 of the rain sensor 640 6411 is exposed inside the sealed cavity c, and the upper end surface 6411 of the base 641 is exposed outside the sealed cavity c.
  • the sealing structure includes two cover plates as its constituent parts, which are an upper chassis cover 610 and a lower chassis cover 620, respectively.
  • the chassis upper cover 610 has a half cavity formed by upward stretching
  • the chassis lower cover 620 has a half cavity formed by downward stretching.
  • the edge of one of the upper chassis cover 610 and the lower chassis cover 620 is configured with a protruding sealing strip, and the edge of the other of the upper chassis cover 610 and the lower chassis cover 620 is configured with a concave sealing groove,
  • the sealing groove is equipped with a sealing element, and the sealing groove is configured to receive a sealing strip, so that the edge of the bottom chassis cover 620 and the edge of the chassis top cover 610 are connected in a sealed manner, and the half cavities of the two are opposed and combined to form the above-mentioned sealed cavity c.
  • two sealing positions a of the upper chassis cover 610 and the lower chassis cover 620 are respectively shown.
  • the autonomous operating equipment 6100 also includes a cover 630 disposed above the outside of the upper cover 610 of the chassis.
  • the cover 630 serves as at least a part of the mounting base of the rain sensor 640.
  • the cover 630 has a half-cavity formed by stretching upward, and the half-cavity is located outside the sealed cavity c and used to provide an installation space for the rain sensor 640.
  • the cover 630 also serves as at least a part of the installation base of the emergency stop button 650 and provides installation space for the emergency stop button 650.
  • the chassis or the upper chassis cover 610 is usually used as at least a part of the installation base of the rain sensor 640.
  • one of the upper surface of the chassis upper cover 610 and the edge of the cover body 630 is configured with a protruding clip strip, and the other of the upper surface of the chassis upper cover 610 and the edge of the cover body 630 One is configured with a recessed card slot, and the card slot is configured to receive a card strip, so that the edge of the cover 630 is clamped with the upper surface of the upper cover 610 of the chassis.
  • two clamping positions b of the upper cover 610 and the cover 630 of the chassis are shown.
  • the chassis upper cover 610 is configured with an upper cover hole 6111 that penetrates the thickness of the chassis upper cover 610, the base 641 is supported on the upper cover hole 6111 by the supporting structure 6414 thereon, and the lower end surface 6412 of the base 641 passes through the upper cover hole. 6111 is exposed inside the sealed cavity c.
  • the cover 630 is configured with a cover hole 6311 penetrating the thickness of the cover 630, the cover 630 is supported on the support structure 6414 of the base 641 through the cover hole 6311, and the upper end surface 6411 of the base 641 passes through the cover hole 6311 to be exposed Outside the sealed cavity c.
  • the support structure 6414 on the base 641 is used as a support base to facilitate assembly and improve the assemblability and reliability of the rain sensor 640.
  • the base 641 has an outer peripheral surface 6413, and the support structure 6414 is not provided on the outer peripheral surface 6413. Since the base 641 is made of rubber, it can be squeezed into the upper cover hole 6111 and/or the cover through an interference fit. In the body 6311, an effective sealing protrusion can also be realized.
  • the upper cover hole 6111 is stretched upward from the surface of the chassis upper cover 610 to form a first support portion 611, and the cover hole 6311 is stretched downward from the surface of the cover body 630 to form a second support. ⁇ 631.
  • the base 641 located below the supporting structure 6414 is fitted with the first supporting portion 611, and the protrusion 6415 located in this area matches the inner wall of the first supporting portion 611 to ensure good sealing.
  • the base 641 located above the support structure 6414 is fitted with the second support portion 631.
  • the lower end surface of the second support portion 631 is configured with a water channel extending from the inner wall of the second support portion 631 to the outer wall. The radial direction of the second support portion 631 extends straight.
  • the lower surface of the support structure 6414 may be directly supported on the upper surface of the chassis upper cover 610, and the lower surface of the cover body 630 may be directly supported on the upper surface of the support structure 6414.
  • the first support portion 611 and the second support portion 631 are continuous or discontinuous column ring structures.
  • the upper surface of the chassis upper cover 610 is configured with a mounting part 612 for accommodating the emergency stop button 650, the rain sensor 640 is placed within the coverage of the mounting part 612, and the mounting part 612 is equipped with an emergency stop button. 650.
  • the emergency stop button 650 is constructed with an escape hole 654 that allows the rain sensor 640 to pass through, so as to improve the integration of the entire unit.
  • a mounting portion 612 is configured on the upper chassis cover 610.
  • the mounting portion 612 is composed of a U-shaped vertical wall protruding from the upper surface of the chassis upper cover 610, within the range enclosed by the U-shaped vertical wall,
  • the upper chassis cover 610 is configured with a first support portion 611 penetrating the thickness of the upper chassis cover 610 and a key installation hole 613.
  • the emergency stop button 650 includes a pressing part 651 and an extension part 652 connected to the pressing part 651.
  • the end of the extension part 652 away from the pressing part 651 is configured with two coaxial hinge shafts 653.
  • Two coaxial semi-cylindrical receiving portions 615 are constructed at both ends of the opening of the U-shaped vertical wall.
  • Two coaxial semi-cylindrical receiving parts 632 are constructed on the lower surface of the cover 630, two semi-cylindrical receiving parts 615 on the U-shaped vertical wall and two semi-cylindrical receiving parts on the cover 630 632 is butted one-to-one and forms two coaxial complete cylindrical receiving parts.
  • the two coaxial hinge shafts 653 on the extension part 652 are correspondingly received in the two coaxial complete cylindrical receiving parts one by one. , And can rotate relative to the cylindrical receiving part.
  • the pressing portion 651 is operatively and movably installed in the button mounting hole 613, and its upper end protrudes from the cover body 630 and is located outside the cover body 630. When the pressing portion 651 is operated, the pressing portion 651 moves axially relative to the button mounting hole 613 and drives the extension portion 652 to rotate relative to the chassis upper cover 610 and the cover body 630, thereby realizing an emergency stop operation.
  • the extension 652 covers the space between the cover 630 and the upper chassis cover 610, and is configured with an escape hole 654 penetrating the thickness of the extension 652.
  • the escape hole 654 is configured to allow the rain sensor 640 and the first support to pass through. 611 and a second support 631.
  • the emergency stop button 650 When the emergency stop button 650 is operated, the rain sensor 640 is not interfered.
  • the emergency stop button 650 and the rain sensor 640 are in no order. , And finally install the cover 630.
  • the rain sensor 640 of this embodiment includes a base 641, an electrode 642, and a protrusion 670, wherein the protrusion 670 is at least partially disposed directly above the upper end surface 6411 of the base 641.
  • the "directly above” mentioned here and hereinafter typically means that when the water collecting surface 6416 is in a horizontal position, the projection of at least part of the protrusion 670 on the horizontal surface falls within the projection of the base 641 on the horizontal surface.
  • the protrusion 670 is configured to not be in contact with the upper end surface 6411. In another preferred embodiment, not shown separately, the protrusion 670 is configured such that at least a part of it is in contact with the upper end surface 6411.
  • the protrusion 670 is configured to include a base 671 and an arm 672.
  • the base 671 is configured to be connected with the installation base of the rain sensor 640.
  • the cover 630 constitutes at least a part of the installation group, and the base 671 of the protrusion 670 is connected to the cover 630; further, the base 671 is connected to the edge of the cover hole 6311.
  • the chassis constitutes at least a part of the installation group, and the base 671 of the protrusion 670 is connected to the chassis.
  • the base 671 is connected to the upper cover 610 of the chassis.
  • the base 671 is configured to be connected to the base 641 of the rain sensor 640, and typically, the base 671 is connected to an edge portion of the base 641.
  • the arm 672 is configured such that one end is connected to the base 671 and the other end is located directly above the upper end surface 6411.
  • the protrusion 670 is integrally formed with the mounting base or base 641, the base 671 of the protrusion 670 extends substantially upward from the mounting base or the base 641, and the arm 672 extends from the upper portion of the base 671 generally in the horizontal direction toward the base.
  • the middle portion of the seat 641 extends.
  • the arm portion 672 extends to directly above the water collecting surface 6416, and there is a gap between at least part of the arm portion 672 and the water collecting surface 6416.
  • the distance from the upper surface of the arm portion 672 to the upper end surface 6411 is greater than the distance from the upper surface of the electrode 642 to the upper end surface 6411, that is, the height of the highest point of the arm portion 672 is greater than the height of the highest point of the electrode 642.
  • the distance from the lower surface of the arm portion 672 to the upper end surface 6411 is smaller than the upper surface of the electrode 642, that is, the height of the lowest point of the arm portion 672 is smaller than the height of the highest point of the electrode 642.
  • this structure is very beneficial to prevent the raindrops falling at a high speed from directly impacting the water collection surface 6416 to a certain extent during a sudden rainstorm, ensuring that the rainwater can be stored in the water collection surface 6416 so that the electrodes 642 are trapped between the electrodes 642.
  • the base 671 and the mounting base are integrally formed.
  • the assembly process can be simplified to the greatest extent, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to simplify the structure of the base 641 of the rain sensor 640, thereby reducing the complexity of production and processing. reduce costs.
  • the protrusion 670 may also be configured to be connected to the mounting base or the base 641 through processes such as gluing or welding, or may be configured to be connected to the mounting base or the base 641 through a detachable connection structure.
  • the protrusion 670 is configured such that its first part (for example, the base 671) is integrally formed with the mounting base or the base 641 or connected by gluing, welding, etc., and its second part (for example, the arm 672) is connected to it. The first part is connected through processes such as gluing, welding, or through a detachable structure.
  • the protrusion 670 further includes at least one descending portion 673.
  • the protrusion 670 includes one descending portion 673.
  • the protrusion 670 may include two One or more descending parts 673.
  • the descending portion 673 is configured to extend downward from the lower surface of the end of the arm portion 672 away from the base portion 671 (typically a portion corresponding to the water collecting surface 6416).
  • the descending portion 673 is configured to be directly below the arm portion 672 and directly above the water collecting surface 6416.
  • the "directly below” mentioned here and hereinafter typically means that when the water collecting surface 6416 is in a horizontal position, the projection of the descending portion 673 on the horizontal plane completely falls within the projection of the arm 672 on the horizontal plane; further, The projections of the two are not tangent.
  • the lower probe 673 is configured not to be directly above any one of the electrodes 642; further, the electrode 642 includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode arranged at intervals, and the lower probe 673 is configured as a water collecting surface between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Just above 6416. There is a gap between the lower probe 673 and the water collection surface 6416.
  • the lower probing portion 673 is configured as a structure with a large upper portion and a smaller lower portion, typically such as an inverted truncated cone shape, an inverted cone shape, and the like.
  • the water collection surface 6416 is constructed as a substantially flat surface.
  • the rain sensor 640 may also be installed in the docking station. 6900, at this time, the docking station 6900 includes a sealing structure with a sealed cavity and a control module arranged in the sealing structure, the sealing structure includes the docking station housing, and the rain sensor 640 is configured to be arranged at the docking station.
  • the protrusion 670 is preferably integrally formed with the docking station housing.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Position, Course, Altitude, Or Attitude Of Moving Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种自主作业系统,包括自主作业设备(6100)和独立于自主作业设备(6100)的第二设备;自主作业系统包括控制电路(200,500,600);控制电路(200,500,600)包括:雨淋传感器(50,640),其包括第一电极(51)和第二电极(52);切换电路(10),其与第一电极(51)和第二电极(52)相连,并配置为操作地交换两个电极的极性;检测模块(22),其被配置为获取雨淋传感器(50,640)的电信号;判断模块(23),其被配置为确定电信号与第一阈值是否满足第一关系;以及行为控制模块(24),其被配置为在确定电信号与第一阈值满足第一关系时控制自主作业设备(6100)改变操作状态。

Description

自主作业系统 技术领域
本发明涉及自动控制领域,更具体地,涉及一种自主作业系统。
背景技术
目前市场上存在各种各样的行走机器人,如用于割草的机器人、用于扫地的机器人和用于拖地的机器人等,这些行走机器人可能工作于各种环境中,如室内环境或/或室外环境。对于室外环境工作的机器人(以下简称自主作业设备),如割草机器人,来说,其操作状态受环境影响较大。例如,在降雨天气下,草坪泥泞,若割草机器人继续工作,一方面,泥水会大量粘附在机器人上,容易造成机器人故障,另一方面,草坪也容易受到破坏。因此,这种自主作业设备通常配备有环境传感器,用来对工作环境进行监测。这些环境传感器例如可以包括雨淋传感器,其用来检测机器人在工作过程中是否受到雨淋,并在确定受到雨淋时使得机器人自动停止工作或发出报警。然而,在一些现有方案中,雨淋传感器存在信号测量不准确的问题。在另一些现有方案中,雨淋传感器设置在割草机器人上,当割草机器人因下雨而停靠在停靠站时,若停靠站配备了遮蔽棚,则雨淋传感器将会被遮蔽棚遮蔽而不能继续接收雨水,进而导致割草机器人无法准确判断何时雨停。
技术解决方案
为了解决上述技术问题,提高机器人控制的准确性,本发明提出了一种用于自主作业系统。
根据本发明的一些方面,提供了一种自主作业系统,包括自主作业设备和独立于所述自主作业设备的第二设备;所述自主作业系统包括控制电路;所述控制电路包括:雨淋传感器,其包括第一电极和第二电极;切换电路,其所述第一电极和所述第二电极相连,并配置为操作地交换所述第一电极和所述第二电极的极性;检测模块,其被配置为获取所述雨淋传感器的电信号;判断模块,其被配置为确定所述电信号与第一阈值是否满足第一关系;以及行为控制模块,其被配置为在确定所述电信号与所述第一阈值满足第一关系时控制所述自主作业设备改变操作状态。
作为本发明的一具体实施方式,所述控制电路被配置在所述自主作业设备上。作为本发明的另一具体实施方式,所述控制电路还包括第一通信模块,其被配置为将所述电信号发送给所述自主作业设备,以使所述自主作业设备根据所述电信号改变操作状态;所述雨淋传感器、所述检测模块和所述第一通信模块被配置在所述第二设备上;所述判断模块被配置在所述自主作业设备上或所述第二设备上。
根据本发明的一些方面,提供了一种雨淋传感器,包括基座和电极;所述基座具有相对的上端面和下端面,所述下端面用于暴露在密封腔体的内部,所述上端面用于暴露在密封腔体的外部;所述电极嵌在所述基座中且所述电极的两端分别穿出所述上端面和所述下端面。优选的,所述基座具有弹性。
根据本发明的一些方面,提供了一种雨淋传感器,包括基座、电极和突出体;所述基座具有上端面和与所述上端面相对的下端面;所述电极的上端至少部分地暴露于所述基座的所述上端面;所述突出体被至少部分地配置在所述上端面的正上方,且至少部分的所述突出体与所述上端面之间存在间隙。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明一实施例的自主作业设备的俯视图。
图2示出了根据本发明的一些实施例的用于自主作业设备的控制电路的结构示意图。
图3示出了根据本发明的一种实施例的切换信号的时序图。
图4示出了根据本发明的另一种实施例的切换信号的时序图。
图5示出了根据本发明的另一些实施例的用于自主作业设备的控制电路的结构示意图。
图6示出了根据本发明的再一些实施例的用于自主作业设备的控制电路的结构示意图。
图7示出了根据本发明的一些实施例的切换电路的示意图。
图8是图1的X-X剖视图。
图9是图1的Y-Y剖视图。
图10是图8的局部E放大图。
图11是本发明一实施例的自主作业设备的爆炸图(部分)。
图12是根据本发明一实施例的雨淋传感器的俯视图。
图13是图12的Z-Z剖视图。
图14是图12的左视图。
图15是根据本发明另一实施例的自主作业设备的雨淋传感器的局部示意图。
图16是根据本发明另一实施例的自主作业设备的雨淋传感器的局部俯视图。
图17是图16的X1-X1剖视图。
图18是根据本发明再一实施例的停靠站的示意图。
本发明的实施方式
以下将结合附图所示的具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限制本发明,本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
以下将结合附图对本发明的各实施例进行详细说明,以便更清楚理解本发明的目的、特点和优点。应理解的是,附图所示的实施例并不是对本发明范围的限制,而只是为了说明本发明技术方案的实质精神。
在下文的描述中,出于说明各种公开的实施例的目的阐述了某些具体细节以提供对各种公开实施例的透彻理解。但是,相关领域技术人员将认识到可在无这些具体细节中的一个或多个细节的情况来实践实施例。在其它情形下,与本申请相关联的熟知的装置、结构和技术可能并未详细地示出或描述从而避免不必要地混淆实施例的描述。
除非语境有其它需要,在整个说明书和权利要求中,词语“包括”和其变型,诸如“包含”和“具有”应被理解为开放的、包含的含义,即应解释为“包括,但不限于”。
在整个说明书中对“一个实施例”或“一些实施例”的提及表示结合实施例所描述的特定特点、结构或特征包括于至少一个实施例中。因此,在整个说明书的各个位置“在一个实施例中”或“在一些实施例”中的出现无需全都指相同实施例。另外,特定特点、结构或特征可在一个或多个实施例中以任何方式组合。
如该说明书和所附权利要求中所用的单数形式“一”和“所述”包括复数指代物,除非文中清楚地另外规定。应当指出的是术语“或”通常以其包括“和/或”的含义使用,除非文中清楚地另外规定。
在该说明书和所附权利要求书中所用的“等于”或“相等”,指的是两个物理量或参数在理想情况下的相等。本领域技术人员应当知道,在技术方案的实际实施中,存在允许的误差,当两个物理量或参数的差值不大于该允许的误差时,即可认为该两个物理量或参数相等。类似地,“不大于”、“不小于”、“不等于”等描述,均指在允许的误差范围内的“不大于”、“不小于”、“不等于”等。此外,在该说明书和所附权利要求书中所用的“基本上等于”或“基本上相等”是指两个物理量或参数针对给定判断结果的有效性相同意义上的相等,例如,取决于不同应用场景,两个物理量或参数之间的差值在2%、5%或10%内都可以被认为是基本上相等的,只要这两个物理量或参数之间的判断结果的有效性相同。
参考图1~图18,本实施例提供了一种自主作业系统,包括自主作业设备6100、停靠站6900和边界。
所述自主作业设备6100尤其是可自主地在预设区域内移动并执行特定作业的机器人,典型的如执行清洁作业的智能扫地机/吸尘器、执行割草作业的智能割草机、执行扫雪作业的智能扫雪机、执行泳池清洁的智能泳池清扫机等。其中,所述特定作业尤其指对工作面进行处理、使工作面的状态发生改变的作业。本发明以智能割草机为例进行详细说明。所述自主作业设备6100可自主行走于工作区域的表面上,尤其作为智能割草机可自主地在地面上进行割草作业。自主作业设备6100至少包括主体机构、移动机构、工作机构、能源模块、检测模块、交互模块、控制模块等。
所述主体机构通常包括底盘和外壳,所述底盘用于安装和容纳移动机构、工作机构、能源模块、检测模块、交互模块、控制模块等功能机构与功能模块。所述外壳通常构造为至少部分地包覆所述底盘,主要起到增强自主作业设备6100美观和辨识度的作用。在本实施例中,所述外壳构造为在外力作用下相对于所述底盘可复位地平移和/或旋转,配合适当的检测模块,示例性地如磁铁和霍尔传感器,可进一步地起到感知碰撞、抬起等事件的作用。
所述移动机构构造为用于将所述主体机构支撑于地面并驱动所述主体机构在地面上移动,通常包括轮式移动机构、履带式或半履带式移动机构和步行式移动机构等。在本实施例中,所述移动机构为轮式移动机构,包括至少一个驱动轮和至少一个行走原动机。行走原动机优选为电动机,在其他实施方式中也可为内燃机或使用其他类型能源产生动力的机械。在本实施例中,优选地设置一左驱动轮、一驱动所述左驱动轮的左行走原动机、一右驱动轮和一驱动所述右驱动轮的右行走原动机。在本实施例中,所述自主作业设备6100的直线行进通过左右两个驱动轮同向等速转动实现,转向行进通过左右两个驱动轮的同向差速或相向转动实现。在其他实施方式中,移动机构还可包括独立于所述驱动轮的转向机构和独立于所述行走原动机的转向原动机。在本实施中,所述移动机构还包括至少一个从动轮,所述从动轮典型地构造为万向轮,所述驱动轮和所述从动轮分别位于自主作业设备6100的前后两端。
所述工作机构构造为用于执行具体的作业任务,包括工作件和驱动所述工作件运行的工作原动机。示例性地,对于智能扫地机/吸尘器,所述工作件包括滚刷、吸尘管和集尘室等;对于智能割草机,所述工作件包括切割刀片或切割刀盘,进一步地还包括用于调节割草高度的高度调节机构等优化或调整割草效果的其他部件。所述工作原动机优选为电动机,在其他实施方式中也可为内燃机或使用其他类型能源产生动力的机械。在另外的一些实施方式中,工作原动机和行走原动机构造为同一个原动机。
所述能源模块构造为用于为自主作业设备6100的各项工作提供能量。在本实施例中,所述能源模块包括电池和充电连接结构,其中电池优选为可充电电池,充电连接结构优选为可暴露于自主作业设备外的充电极片。
所述检测模块构造为感知自主作业设备6100所处环境参数或其自身工作参数的至少一种传感器。典型地,检测模块可包括与工作区域限定有关的传感器,例如磁感应式、碰撞式、超声波式、红外线式、无线电式等多种类型,其传感器类型与对应的信号发生装置的位置和数量相适应。检测模块还可包括与定位导航相关的传感器,例如GPS定位装置、激光定位装置、电子罗盘、加速度传感器、里程计、角度传感器、地磁传感器等。检测模块还可包括与自身工作安全性相关的传感器,例如障碍物传感器、抬升传感器、电池包温度传感器等。检测模块还可包括与外部环境相关传感器,例如环境温度传感器、环境湿度传感器、光照传感器、雨淋传感器640等。在其他的一些实施例中,至少部分的检测模块构造在停靠站6900上,通过自主作业设备6100与停靠站6900之间通信交换数据。
所述交互模块构造为至少用于接收用户输入的控制指令信息、发出需要用户感知的信息、与其他系统或设备通信以收发信息等。在本实施例中,交互模块包括设置在自主作业设备6100上的输入装置,用于接收用户输入的控制指令信息,典型地如控制面板、急停按键650等;交互模块还包括设置在自主作业设备6100上的显示屏、指示灯和/或蜂鸣器,通过发光或发声使用户感知信息。在其他实施方式中,交互模块包括设置在自主作业设备6100上的通信模块和独立于自主作业设备6100的终端设备,例如手机、电脑、网络服务器等,用户的控制指令信息或其他信息可在终端设备上输入、经由有线或无线通信模块到达自主作业设备6100。在其他的一些实施例中,至少部分的交互模块构造在停靠站6900上,通过 自主作业设备6100与停靠站6900之间通信交换数据。
所述控制模块通常包括至少一个处理器和至少一个非易失性存储器,所述存储器内存储有预先写入的计算机程序或指令集,处理器根据所述计算机程序或指令集控制自主作业设备6100的移动、工作等动作的执行。进一步地,所述控制模块还能够根据检测模块的信号和/或用户控制指令控制和调整自主作业设备6100的相应行为、修改所述存储器内的参数等。
所述边界用于限定所述自主作业系统的工作区域,通常包括外边界和内边界8002。自主作业设备6100被限定在所述外边界之内、所述内边界之外或所述外边界与内边界之间移动并工作。所述边界可以是实体的,典型地如墙壁、篱笆、栏杆等;所述边界也可以是虚拟的,典型地如由边界信号发生装置发出虚拟边界信号,所述虚拟边界信号通常为电磁信号或光信号,或针对设有定位装置(如GPS等)的自主作业设备6100而言,在示例性地由二维或三维坐标形成的电子地图中设置的虚拟边界。在本实施方式中,边界构造为与边界信号发生装置电连接的闭合通电导线,边界信号发生装置通常设置在停靠站6900内。
所述停靠站6900通常构造在边界上或边界内,供自主作业设备6100停泊,特别是能够向停泊在停靠站的自主作业设备6100供给能量。
常规的雨淋传感器包括两个间隔设置的电极,这两个电极之间施加有电压。在正常情况下,两个电极彼此绝缘,雨淋传感器与自主作业设备内部的控制电路之间断路,而在落雨时,雨淋传感器基座凹槽内集聚有雨水,由于雨水的自由离子浓度较大而会导通两个电极。因此,通过测量雨淋传感器的电阻就能够知道是否正在下雨,从而可以对自主作业设备进行相应的控制。
然而,在雨淋传感器的两个电极之间施加电压时,两个电极上将产生极化层,同时在两个电极之间产生电容效应,此时的雨淋传感器将不再是个纯粹的电阻,而是包含容抗的阻抗。电流流过两个电极之间的雨水时将在两个电极附近产生浓差极化现象,这使得雨淋传感器的电阻的测量更加不准确,从而难以准确地控制机器人的操作。再进一步地,雨淋传感器两个通电电极和其间的雨水形成电解池,电极通常由不纯的金属制成,会通过电极反应发生电化学腐蚀,导致电极表面的电阻率改变,通常电阻率会提高,这就使对雨水的检测变得不敏感。
图2示出了根据本发明的一些实施例的用于自主作业设备的控制电路200的结构示意图。该控制电路200例如可以位于图18所示的自主作业设备6100中。如图2中所示,控制电路200包括切换电路10和与切换电路10相连的主控制器20。切换电路10包括第一端11和第二端12,其中第一端11和第二端12分别与自主作业设备6100上安装的雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52相连。这里,可以通过在第一电极51和第二电极52上施加电压使得第一电极51和第二电极52具有不同极性。如图2中所示,第一电极51和第二电极52间隔设置在雨淋传感器50的绝缘基座53上并贯穿基座53。当落雨时,基座53顶部的凹槽54内集聚的雨水将导通第一电极51和第二电极52以形成电通路。在一种实施例中,切换电路10包括H桥电路,图7示例性地给出了根据本发明的一些实施例的切换电路10的示意图,其中雨淋传感器50等效为一可变电阻R0,端子T1和端子T2与电源连接,端子T3和端子T4接地。在一种连接状态,开关K1和开关K4闭合,开关K2和开关K3断开,则可变电阻R0的左端为高电位,可变电阻R0的右端为低电位。在另一种连接状态,开关K1和开关K4断开,开关K2和开关K3闭合,则可变电阻R0的左端为低电位,可变电阻R0的右端为高电位。开关K1~K4可以选择机械开关、电子开关(如MOS管)等。应当理解,对于图7的描述是原理性的,本领域技术人员能够结合实际情况作出各种在该原理框架内的具体实现方案。更具体地,切换电路10可以是H桥集成芯片,如L9100S。
主控制器20可以实现在一个单片机或实现在单个芯片上,也可以实现在多个单片机或实现在多个芯片上。主控制器20可以包括切换控制模块21,其被配置为每隔预定时间间隔向切换电路10发送切换信号,以交换雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52的极性。图3示出了根据本发明的一种实施例的切换信号的时序图。如图3中所示,在每个循环C中,切换控制模块21每隔预定时间间隔T向切换电路10发送一个切换信号SW,该切换信号SW用于控制切换电路10来交换雨淋传感器50的第一电极51 和第二电极52的极性。以第n个循环C n为例,切换控制模块21分别在时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000001
和预定时间间隔T之后的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000002
向切换电路10发送一个切换信号SW1和SW2。在一种实例中,切换信号SW1和SW2可以是完全相同的信号,例如是一个单脉冲信号,其仅用于指示切换电路10进行极性切换。在另一种实例中,切换信号SW1和SW2可以是不同的信号,其除了指示切换电路10进行极性切换之外还包含附加的信息。在另一种实施例中,切换信号SW1和SW2可以是简单的高低电平信号,也可以是符合某种通讯协议的通信信号。在其他的实施方式中,所述切换控制模块21也可不设置在主控制器20上,而是单独地设置或将其功能集成在切换电路10中,即由切换电路10自主控制电极51和52的极性交换。以下,以切换电路10从切换控制模块21接收切换信号以交换电极51和52的极性为例进行描述。然而本领域技术人员可以理解,本发明也可以实现为由切换电路10自主控制电极51和52的极性交换而不超出本发明的范围。
假设切换电路10在时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000003
接收到第一切换信号SW1,其进入第一输出状态,在第一输出状态时第一端11为高电位(在本实施例中第一端11与电源Vcc相连),第二端12为低电位(在本实施例中第二端12接地)。此时,与第一端11相连的第一电极51处于高电位,与第二端12相连的第二电极52处于低电位,从而在第一电极51-雨水(可能存在的)-第二电极52这个体系中,第一电极51为正极,第二电极52为负极。
在预定时间间隔T之后的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000004
切换电路10接收到第二切换信号SW2,其进入第二输出状态,在第二输出状态时第一端11处于低电位(在本实施例中第一端11接地),第二端12处于高电位(在本实施例中第二端12与电源Vcc相连)。此时,与第一端11相连的第一电极51处于低电位,与第二端12相连的第二电极52处于高电位,从而在第一电极51-雨水(可能存在的)-第二电极52这个体系中,第一电极51为负极,第二电极52为正极。此外,由于切换控制模块21每隔预定时间T向切换电路10发送一个切换信号,使得第一输出状态的持续时间基本上等于第二输出状态的持续时间。通过这种方式,在一个周期C内,雨淋传感器50的正负极互换两次并分别持续相同的时间间隔T,从而能够避免或降低雨淋传感器50中的雨水浓差极化现象,同时也能够有效地降低和减缓电极的电化学腐蚀。
主控制器20还包括检测模块22,其被配置为在预定时间间隔T内获取雨淋传感器50的电信号。如图3中所示,假设在循环C n中,检测模块22在时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000005
之后的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000006
来检测雨淋传感器50的电信号。根据本发明的实施例,为了保持测量的一致性,在每个循环C中,检测模块22在切换电路10进入第一输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时(如图3中所示)获取该电信号,即,
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000007
在一种实施例中,切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50串联的分压电阻(如图2中所示的电阻R1),第一端11通过该分压电阻R1与第一电极51相连。在这种情况下,检测模块22通过检测雨淋传感器50和分压电阻R1之间的电平来获取该电信号,此时该电信号是电压信号(例如时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000008
获取的电信号可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000009
),其指示雨淋传感器50和分压电阻R1上的电压降。
在另一种实施例中,切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50并联的分流电阻(图中未示出)。在这种情况下,检测模块22通过检测雨淋传感器50上流过的电流来获取该电信号,此时该电信号是电流信号(例如时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000010
获取的电信号可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000011
),其指示流过雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52之间的电流。
主控制器20还包括判断模块23,其被配置为确定该电信号与第一阈值的关系是否为第一关系。当切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50串联的分压电阻时,电信号为电压信号或电平信号,第一阈值为预定的电压阈值或电平阈值,第一关系可以包括电信号小于或等于第一阈值。当切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50并联的分流电阻时,电信号为电流信号,第一阈值为预定的电流阈值,第一关系定义为电信号小于或等于第一阈值。在下文中以电压或电平信号作为该电信号的实例来对本发明进行描述。
当没有落雨时(凹槽54内没有雨水或聚集的雨水尚未导通第一电极51和第二电极52),第一电极51和第二电极52之间没有电连接,从而检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000012
基本上等于电源电压V cc。另一方面,当落雨时(凹槽54内聚集的雨水导通第一电极51和第二电极52),第一电极51和第二电极52之间形成电连接,从而检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000013
明显低于电源电压V cc。这里,该第一阈值V m可以是一个固定值,也可以是一个与电源电压V cc成比例的值,例如是电源电压V cc的50%。通常,合适的第一阈值V m可以通过模拟实验来获得。
主控制器20还可以包括行为控制模块24,其被配置为在确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000014
小于或等于该第一阈值V m时控制自主作业设备6100改变操作状态。当确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000015
小于或等于该第一阈值V m时,行为控制模块24可以控制自主作业设备6100停止作业并返回停靠站6900。更具体地,自主作业设备6100的工作机构30在行为控制模块24的控制下停止工作状态并且自主作业设备6100的移动机构40在行为控制模块24的控制下返回停靠站6900。也就是说,当检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000016
小于或等于第一阈值V m时,主控制器20判断当前正在降雨,在这种情况下,行为控制模块24可以控制机器人停止作业并返回停靠站6900避雨。在其他实施方式中,例如自主作业设备6100需要在下雨时工作的情况下,当雨淋传感器50检测到不下雨时进入待机状态,而当雨淋传感器50检测到下雨时才进入工作状态。
进一步地,为了使得控制更加准确,检测模块22可以每隔两个预定时间间隔T连续获取雨淋传感器50的多个电信号,即每个循环C内获取一次电信号。如图3中所示,检测模块22可以分别在循环C n中的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000017
获取电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000018
在循环C n+1中的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000019
获取电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000020
……,在循环C n+k中的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000021
获取电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000022
其中n、k都是大于或等于1的正整数。在一种实例中,k=3。判断模块23可以确定该多个电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000023
是否都小于或等于第一阈值V m,并且当确定多个电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000024
都小于或等于第一阈值V m时,行为控制模块24改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。
通过获取多个循环内的电信号并进行判断,主控制器20能够更加准确地判断当前是否处于降雨环境,从而避免了由于偶发情况(如少量其他水碰巧落入凹槽54内)造成的误判。进一步地,判断模块23还可以确定多个电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000025
是否基本上相等,并且行为控制模块24可以在确定多个电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000026
都小于或等于第一阈值V m并且基本上相等时改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。通过这种方式,还可以判断降雨强度是否稳定,从而进一步提高控制的准确性。
在图3所示的实施例中,检测模块22在每个循环C中获取一次电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000027
在另一种实施例中,检测模块22可以在每个循环C中获取两次电信号。图4示出了根据本发明的另一种实施例的切换信号的时序图。与图3中类似,在每个循环C中,切换控制模块21分别在时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000028
和时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000029
向切换电路10发送一个切换信号SW1和SW2。与图3中不同,检测模块22除了在切换电路10进入第一输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时获取雨淋传感器50的第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000030
之外,还在切换电路10进入第二输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时(如图4中所示)获取雨淋传感器50的第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000031
判断模块23确定第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000032
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000033
之和是否等于第一预设值。在本实施方式中,该第一预设值具体指电源的电压V cc,这里所述的电源的电压V cc通常是指加载在雨淋传感器50和分压电阻上的电压之和,下文均示例性地以电源的电压V cc或电源电压V cc进行描述。在确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000034
(即第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000035
)小于或等于第一阈值V m并且第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000036
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000037
之和等于电源的电压V cc时,行为控制模块24改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。也就是说,在电极51和52发生极性反转之后的同样时长之后测得的两个电信 号之和应当等于电源电压V cc,从而进一步提高了测量的准确性。
在图3和图4所示的实施例中,将每个循环C显示为预定时间间隔T的两倍,即,在切换电路10处于第二输出状态达预定时间间隔T之后立即进入下一循环并且在切换信号SW1的控制下处于第一输出状态。然而,在本发明的进一步的实施例中,当切换电路10处于第二输出状态达预定时间间隔T时(如图3和图4中所示的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000038
之后经过时间间隔T的时刻),将第一端11和第二端12都接地一预定时间段δ。这里,预定时间段δ可以是一个远远小于预定时间间隔T的值。这样,在该时间段δ内第一电极51和第二电极52都接地,从而使得第一电极51和第二电极52附近的电荷得到消散。
如上所述,判断模块23可以确定检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000039
是否等于电源的电压V cc。当检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000040
等于电源的电压V cc时,雨淋传感器50的凹槽54内不存在雨水。这又可以分为两种情况,一种是始终没有下雨,另一种是之前曾经下过雨,雨已经停了一段时间,凹槽54内的积水已经全部排出或蒸发。在这种情况下,在一些进一步的实施例中,行为控制模块24可以进一步确定自主作业设备6100的操作状态是工作状态还是停止状态。如果确定自主作业设备6100处于停止状态,则行为控制模块24可以控制自主作业设备6100进入工作状态。例如,当自主作业设备6100由于下雨停止工作之后再次检测到雨淋传感器50的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000041
恢复到电源电压V cc时,可以确定雨已经停了且凹槽54中的雨水已经完全排出或蒸发,外界环境再次变得适合于自主作业设备6100进行作业。在这种情况下,可以通过确定自主作业设备6100的当前操作状态并将其从停止状态改变为工作状态来使其重新投入工作。此时,自主作业设备6100的移动机构40在行为控制模块24的控制下从停靠站6900出发,并且自主作业设备6100的工作机构30在行为控制模块24的控制下开始工作状态。
图5示出了根据本发明的另一些实施例的用于自主作业设备的控制电路500的结构示意图。在这些实施例中,雨淋传感器50可以设置在独立于所述自主作业设备的第二设备上,该第二设备示例性地为图18所示的停靠站6900或者另一独立的设备,该第二设备可以专用于检测是否下雨或者还可以具有诸如信号发射等其他功能。在一些实施方式中,该第二设备固定地设置在地面、建筑物或构筑物上。在另一些实施方式中,该第二设备还可以设置在其他的机器人上,例如,如果自主作业系统中包括飞行器(典型地如无人机,通常用来实现对工作区域的监控),则第二设备可以为该飞行器,即控制电路500可以设置在该飞行器上。此外,如果自主作业系统中包括多个自主作业设备6100,则该第二设备可以为多个自主作业设备6100中的至少一个,即控制电路500可以设置在多个自主作业设备6100中的至少一个上,且存在至少一个自主作业设备6100上没有控制电路500。例如,有利地,可以设置在下雨时不必停止工作的这一类自主作业设备上。以下,以雨淋传感器50设置在停靠站6900中为例来进行描述。整个控制电路500可以包括停靠站6900中的部分510和自主作业设备6100中的部分520。这里,如下所述,主要的控制功能由停靠站6900中的部分510实现,因此也可以将510称为用于控制自主作业设备6100的控制电路。以下将着重于图5中所示的控制电路510与图2所示的控制电路200的不同之处进行描述,省略了相同部分的描述。
与图2中类似,控制电路510包括切换电路10和与切换电路10相连的主控制器20。切换电路10包括第一端11和第二端12,其中第一端11和第二端12分别与自主作业设备6100上安装的雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52相连。这里,可以通过在第一电极51和第二电极52上施加电压使得第一电极51和第二电极52具有不同极性。如图5中所示,第一电极51和第二电极52间隔设置在雨淋传感器50的绝缘基座53上并贯穿基座53。当落雨时,基座53顶部的凹槽54内集聚的雨水将导通第一电极51和第二电极52以形成电通路。在一种实施例中,切换电路10包括H桥电路,如图7中所示。更具体地,切换电路10可以是H桥集成芯片,如L9100S。
主控制器20可以实现在一个单片机或单个芯片上,也可以实现在多个单片机或多个芯片上。主控制器20可以包括切换控制模块21,其被配置为每隔预定时间间隔向切换电路10发送切换信号,以交换雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52的极性。切换信号的时序图如图3和图4中所示以及如以上 结合图2所描述,在此不再赘述。
主控制器20还包括检测模块22,其被配置为在预定时间间隔T内获取雨淋传感器50的电信号。如图3中所示,假设在循环C n中,检测模块22在时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000042
之后的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000043
来检测雨淋传感器50的电信号。根据本发明的实施例,为了保持测量的一致性,在每个循环C中,检测模块22在切换电路10进入第一输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时获取该电信号,即,
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000044
类似地,在一种实施例中,切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50串联的分压电阻(如图5中所示的电阻R1),第一端11通过该分压电阻R1与第一电极51相连。在这种情况下,检测模块22通过检测雨淋传感器50和分压电阻R1之间的电平来获取该电信号,此时该电信号是电压信号(例如时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000045
获取的电信号可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000046
),其指示雨淋传感器50和分压电阻R1上的电压降。
在另一种实施例中,切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50并联的分流电阻(图中未示出)。在这种情况下,检测模块22通过检测雨淋传感器50上流过的电流来获取该电信号,此时该电信号是电流信号(例如时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000047
获取的电信号可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000048
),其指示流过雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52之间的电流。
与图2所示的实施例类似,主控制器20还可以包括判断模块23,其被配置为确定该电信号与第一阈值V m的关系是否为第一关系。当切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50串联的分压电阻时,该电信号为电压信号或电平信号,该第一阈值为预定的电压阈值或电平阈值,该第一关系可以包括该电信号小于或等于该第一阈值。当切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50并联的分流电阻时,该电信号为电流信号,该第一阈值为预定的电流阈值,该第一关系可以包括该电信号小于或等于该第一阈值。在下文中以电压或电平信号作为该电信号的实例来对本发明进行描述。
与图2所示的实施例不同,主控制器20不包括行为控制模块24而是包括第一通信模块25。其中第一通信模块25被配置为在确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000049
与第一阈值V m的关系是第一关系时时向自主作业设备6100发送命令信号以使得自主作业设备6100改变操作状态。这里,第一通信模块25和自主作业设备6100(更具体地,自主作业设备6100的第二通信模块26)之间可以通过通用的或专用的通信方式进行通信。例如,可以通过WiFi、蓝牙等无线通信方式进行连接和通信。或者,也可以通过具有特定规律的边界信号进行通信,在此不再赘述。
自主作业设备6100包括第二通信模块26,其被配置为从第一通信模块25接收该命令信号,并且还包括行为控制模块24,其被配置为根据该命令信号改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。例如,行为控制模块24可以控制自主作业设备6100停止作业并返回停靠站6900。更具体地,自主作业设备6100的工作机构30在行为控制模块24的控制下停止工作状态并且自主作业设备6100的移动机构40在行为控制模块24的控制下返回停靠站6900。在一些实施方式中,当检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000050
小于或等于第一阈值V m时,停靠站6900判断当前正在降雨,在这种情况下,停靠站6900向自主作业设备6100发送控制命令以控制机器人停止作业并返回停靠站6900避雨。在其他实施方式中,例如自主作业设备6100需要在下雨时工作时,当雨淋传感器50检测到不下雨时发送命令信号使得自主作业设备6100进入待机状态,当雨淋传感器50检测到下雨时发送命令信号使得自主作业设备6100进入工作状态。
进一步地,与图2所示实施例类似,为了使得控制更加准确,检测模块22可以每隔两个预定时间间隔T连续获取雨淋传感器50的多个电信号,即每个循环C内获取一次电信号。判断模块23可以确定该多个电信号是否都小于或等于第一阈值V m,并且当确定该多个电信号都小于或等于第一阈值V m时,第一通信模块25向自主作业设备6100发送该命令信号。
进一步地,判断模块23还可以确定该多个电信号是否基本上相等,并且第一通信模块25可以在确定该多个电信号都小于或等于第一阈值V m并且基本上相等时向自主作业设备6100发送该命令信号。
如图4中所示,检测模块22除了在切换电路10进入第一输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时获取雨淋传感器50的第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000051
之外,还可以相应地在切换电路10进入第二输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时获取雨淋传感器50的第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000052
判断模块23确定第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000053
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000054
之和是否等于第一预设值,并且在确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000055
(即第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000056
)小于或等于第一阈值V m并且第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000057
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000058
之和等于第一预设值时,第一通信模块25向自主作业设备6100发送该命令信号以改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。这里,第一预设值可以是指电源的电压V cc。也就是说,在电极51和52发生极性反转之后的同样时长之后测得的两个电信号之和应当等于电源电压V cc,从而进一步提高了测量的准确性。
类似地,在本发明的进一步的实施例中,当切换电路10处于第二输出状态达预定时间间隔T时(如图3和图4中所示的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000059
之后经过时间间隔T的时刻),可以将第一端11和第二端12都接地一预定时间段δ。
如上所述,判断模块23可以确定检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000060
是否等于电源的电压V cc。当检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000061
等于电源的电压V cc时,雨淋传感器50的凹槽54内不存在雨水。这又可以分为两种情况,一种是始终没有下雨,另一种是之前曾经下过雨,雨已经停了一段时间,凹槽54内的积水已经全部排出或蒸发。在这种情况下,在一些进一步的实施例中,第一通信模块25可以进一步确定自主作业设备6100的操作状态是工作状态还是停止状态。如果确定自主作业设备6100处于停止状态,则第一通信模块25可以向自主作业设备6100发送该命令信号。例如,当自主作业设备6100由于下雨停止工作之后再次检测到雨淋传感器50的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000062
恢复到电源电压V cc时,可以确定雨已经停了且凹槽54中的雨水已经完全排出或蒸发,外界环境再次变得适合于自主作业设备6100进行作业。在这种情况下,可以通过确定自主作业设备6100的当前操作状态并将其从停止状态改变为工作状态来使其重新投入工作。此时,行为控制模块24可以根据该命令信号改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。具体地,自主作业设备6100的移动机构40可以在行为控制模块24的控制下从停靠站6900出发,并且自主作业设备6100的工作机构30可以在行为控制模块24的控制下开始工作状态。
图5所示的实施例可以是图2所示的实施例的替换(即雨淋传感器仅安装在停靠站6900上,未安装在自主作业设备6100上)或补充(即自主作业设备6100和停靠站6900上都安装有雨淋传感器)。在一些情况下,这是有利的。例如,在停靠站6900设置有遮蔽棚的情况下,当自主作业设备6100停靠在停靠站6900处时可能会无法准确判断是否雨停,从而无法准确控制其操作状态。
图6示出了根据本发明的再一些实施例的用于自主作业设备的控制电路600的结构示意图。与图5所示的实施例类似,雨淋传感器50可以设置在独立于自主作业设备6100的第二设备上,该第二设备示例性地为图1所示的停靠站6900或者另一独立的设备,该第二设备可以专用于检测是否下雨或者还可以具有诸如信号发射等其他功能。以下,以雨淋传感器50设置在停靠站6900中为例来进行描述。整个控制电路600可以包括停靠站6900中的部分610和自主作业设备6100中的部分620。与图5的实施例不同,控制功能由停靠站6900中的部分610和自主作业设备6100中的部分620协同实现,例如,判断模块23位于自主作业设备6100中而不是停靠站6900中。以下将着重于图6中所示的控制电路600与图2所示的控制电路200和图5所示的控制电路500的不同之处进行描述,省略了相同部分的描述。
与图2和图5中类似,停靠站6900的控制电路部分610包括切换电路10和与切换电路10相连的主控制器20。切换电路10包括第一端11和第二端12,其中第一端11和第二端12分别与自主作业设备6100上安装的雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52相连。这里,可以通过在第一电极51和第二电极52上施加电压使得第一电极51和第二电极52具有不同极性。如图6中所示,第一电极51和第二电极52间隔设置在雨淋传感器50的绝缘基座53上并贯穿基座53。当落雨时,基座53顶部的凹槽54内 集聚的雨水将导通第一电极51和第二电极52以形成电通路。在一种实施例中,切换电路10包括H桥电路。更具体地,切换电路10可以是H桥集成芯片,如L9100S。
主控制器20可以实现在一个单片机或单个芯片上,也可以实现在多个单片机或实现在多个芯片上,控制电路部分620(第二通信模块26、判断模块23和行为控制模块24)可以实现在另一个或另一些单片机或芯片上。主控制器20可以包括切换控制模块21,其被配置为每隔预定时间间隔向切换电路10发送切换信号,以交换雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52的极性。切换信号的时序图如图3和图4中所示以及如以上结合图2和图5所描述,在此不再赘述。
主控制器20还包括检测模块22,其被配置为在预定时间间隔T内获取雨淋传感器50的电信号。如图3中所示,假设在循环C n中,检测模块22在时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000063
之后的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000064
来检测雨淋传感器50的电信号。根据本发明的实施例,为了保持测量的一致性,在每个循环C中,检测模块22都在切换电路10进入第一输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时获取该电信号,即,
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000065
类似地,在一种实施例中,切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50串联的分压电阻(如图6中所示的电阻R1),第一端11通过该分压电阻R1与第一电极51相连。在这种情况下,检测模块22通过检测雨淋传感器50和分压电阻R1之间的电平来获取该电信号,此时该电信号是电压信号(例如时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000066
获取的电信号可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000067
),其指示雨淋传感器50和分压电阻R1上的电压降。
在另一种实施例中,切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50并联的分流电阻(图中未示出)。在这种情况下,检测模块22通过检测雨淋传感器50上流过的电流来获取该电信号,此时该电信号是电流信号(例如时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000068
获取的电信号可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000069
),其指示流过雨淋传感器50的第一电极51和第二电极52之间的电流。
与图2所示的实施例不同,主控制器20不包括判断模块23,而是包括第一通信模块25,其直接将检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000070
发送给自主作业设备6100。
自主作业设备6100包括第二通信模块26,其被配置为从第一通信模块25接收该电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000071
并且还包括判断模块23,其确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000072
与第一阈值V m的关系是否为第一关系。当切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50串联的分压电阻时,该电信号为电压信号或电平信号,该第一阈值为预定的电压阈值或电平阈值,该第一关系可以包括该电信号小于或等于该第一阈值。当切换电路10包括与雨淋传感器50并联的分流电阻时,该电信号为电流信号,该第一阈值为预定的电流阈值,该第一关系可以包括该电信号小于或等于该第一阈值。在下文中以电压或电平信号作为该电信号的实例来对本发明进行描述。
自主作业设备6100还包括行为控制模块24,其被配置为在确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000073
与第一阈值V m的关系是第一关系时,改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。例如,行为控制模块24可以控制自主作业设备6100停止作业并返回停靠站6900。更具体地,自主作业设备6100的工作机构30在行为控制模块24的控制下停止工作状态并且自主作业设备6100的移动机构40在行为控制模块24的控制下返回停靠站6900。在一些实施方式中,当检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000074
小于或等于第一阈值V m时,自主作业设备6100判断当前正在降雨,在这种情况下,自主作业设备6100的行为控制模块24控制机器人停止作业并返回停靠站6900避雨。在其他实施方式中,例如自主作业设备6100需要在下雨时工作时,当雨淋传感器50检测到不下雨时发送命令信号使得自主作业设备6100进入待机状态,当雨淋传感器50检测到下雨时发送命令信号使得自主作业设备6100进入工作状态。
进一步地,与图2和图5所示实施例类似,为了使得控制更加准确,检测模块22可以每隔两个预定时间间隔T连续获取雨淋传感器50的多个电信号,即每个循环C内获取一次电信号。第一通信模块25可以将该多个电信号发送给自主作业设备6100,并且自主作业设备6100的判断模块23可以确定该多个电信号是否都小于或等于第一阈值V m,并且当确定该多个电信号都小于或等于第一阈值V m时,行为控 制模块24改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。
进一步地,判断模块23还可以确定该多个电信号是否基本上相等,并且行为控制模块24可以在确定该多个电信号都小于或等于第一阈值V m并且基本上相等时改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。
如图4中所示,检测模块22除了在切换电路10进入第一输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时获取雨淋传感器50的第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000075
之外,还可以相应地在切换电路10进入第二输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间Δt时获取雨淋传感器50的第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000076
第一通信模块25可以将第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000077
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000078
发送给自主作业设备6100。
自主作业设备6100的第二通信模块26从第一通信模块25接收该第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000079
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000080
判断模块23确定该第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000081
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000082
之和是否等于第一预设值,并且在确定电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000083
(即第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000084
)小于或等于第一阈值V m并且第一电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000085
和第二电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000086
之和等于第一预设值时,行为控制模块24改变自主作业设备6100的操作状态。这里,第一预设值可以是指电源的电压V cc。也就是说,在电极51和52发生极性反转之后的同样时长之后测得的两个电信号之和应当等于电源电压V cc,从而进一步提高了测量的准确性。
类似地,在本发明的进一步的实施例中,当切换电路10处于第二输出状态达预定时间间隔T时(如图3和图4中所示的时刻
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000087
之后经过时间间隔T的时刻),可以将第一端11和第二端12都接地一预定时间段δ。
如上所述,判断模块23可以确定检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000088
是否等于电源的电压V cc。当检测模块22获取的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000089
等于电源的电压V cc时,雨淋传感器50的凹槽54内不存在雨水。这又可以分为两种情况,一种是始终没有下雨,另一种是之前曾经下过雨,雨已经停了一段时间,凹槽54内的积水已经全部排出或蒸发。在这种情况下,在一些进一步的实施例中,行为控制模块24可以进一步确定自主作业设备6100的操作状态是工作状态还是停止状态。如果确定自主作业设备6100处于停止状态,则行为控制模块24控制自主作业设备6100进入工作状态。例如,当自主作业设备6100由于下雨停止工作之后再次检测到雨淋传感器50的电信号
Figure PCTCN2021078801-appb-000090
恢复到电源电压V cc时,可以确定雨已经停了且凹槽54中的雨水已经完全排出或蒸发,外界环境再次变得适合于自主作业设备6100进行作业。在这种情况下,可以通过确定自主作业设备6100的当前操作状态并将其从停止状态改变为工作状态来使其重新投入工作。具体地,自主作业设备6100的移动机构40可以在行为控制模块24的控制下从停靠站6900出发,并且自主作业设备6100的工作机构30可以在行为控制模块24的控制下开始工作状态。
图6所示的实施例是图5所示的实施例的变形,其将整个系统的控制功能分散在自主作业设备6100和停靠站6900(或另一独立设备)两个部分,这在自主作业设备本身具有较强的处理能力的情况下可能是有利的。
本发明可以实现为方法、设备、芯片电路和/或计算机程序产品。计算机程序产品可以包括计算机可读存储介质,其上载有用于执行本发明的各个方面的计算机可读程序指令。芯片电路可以包括用于执行本发明的各个方面的电路单元。
在现有技术中,雨淋传感器通常安装在设备的非密封空间内,控制板安装在设备的密封空间内,雨淋传感器和控制板通过导线连接,该设计方案需考虑两个方面的密封,包括雨淋传感器本身的密封和导线的密封。雨淋传感器包括底座、位于底座下方的橡胶件和贯穿底座的电极棒。底座作为基础支撑元件,使用较硬的塑胶材质制成,塑胶材质的底座与金属材质的电极棒之间难以形成可靠的密封,无论两者之间是通过注塑一体成型,还是通过过盈连接,这样水会渗到底座的下方,使电极棒始终被导通,导致雨淋传感器的误触发。其原因在于二者的热胀冷缩特性不同,导致二者的界面极易出现间隙或塑胶件被涨裂。为了解决上述问题,通常在底座的下方设置橡胶件,电极棒和导线嵌在橡胶件中,或者使用灌 封胶进行灌封。导线在穿过密封空间和非密封空间之间的过线孔进行密封,继而需在过线孔位置进行密封。上述技术方案导致雨淋传感器结果复杂,其至少使用了三种材料,难以兼顾可靠性、装配简易性和成本低廉性。针对上述技术问题,如图1~图14所示,本实施例还提供一种雨淋传感器640和设置有该雨淋传感器640的自主作业设备6100,尤其是可自主地在预设区域内行走并执行割草作业的智能割草机。
首先对本实施例所提供的雨淋传感器640进行详细说明。参照图12~图14,本实施例中,雨淋传感器640包括基座641和嵌在基座641中的电极642。在最优实施例中,电极642和基座641通过硫化粘接接合,这种连接方式,能够保证电极642与基座641的连接部位的密封性,防止水从二者的接口处渗入密封腔体内。在其他实施例中,电极642和基座641通过过盈配合接合。其中,基座641具有弹性,能够保证密封性能,优选为橡胶材质。电极642为棒状,可为单独的金属棒,或者由金属棒和与金属棒的下端焊接的导线构成,本实施例优选电极642为单独的金属棒。电极642的数目为两个,分别为间隔设置的正电极和负电极。作为本实施例的最优方案,雨淋传感器640仅由基座641和电极642构成,并且电极642为单独的金属棒,如此整个雨淋传感器640仅由橡胶材料和金属材料构成,最大程度地降低制造成本。
基座641具有相对的上端面6411和下端面6412,下端面6412用于暴露在密封腔体c的内部,上端面6411用于暴露在密封腔体c的外部。电极642的两端分别穿出上端面6411和下端面6412,电极642的上端用于暴露在密封空间c的外部以接触淋雨,电极642的下端用于与密封空间c中的控制板660连接。在设备在工作过程中,雨淋传感器640用于检测是否受到雨淋,当两个电极642被雨水导通,控制板660可检测到电极导通信号,进而根据该信号自动停止作业或发出提醒信号。
基座641具有构造在上端面6211和下端面6412之间的外周面6413,外周面6413可为圆周面、多边形周面的规则周面或不规则周面。外周面6413上构造有突出的支撑结构6414,基座641利用支撑结构6414支撑在作为密封腔体c的构成件的底盘上盖610的上盖孔6111上,可将下端区域伸入上盖孔6111内,如此下端面6412暴露在密封腔体c内。另一方面,可利用外周面6413上的支撑结构6414支撑置于密封结构外部的其他结构,例如位于底盘上盖610上方的盖体630,盖体630可利用其上的盖体孔6311将自身支撑在支撑结构6414上,同时支撑结构6414的上端区域伸入盖体孔6311内,如此基座641的上端面6411暴露在密封腔体c的外部。通过在基座641的外周面6413上构造支撑结构6414,使得雨淋传感器640被夹设紧压在密封结构上,保证雨淋传感器640的最佳装配性和可靠性。
支撑结构6414具有多种可选方案,可为沿基座641的外周面6413的周向连续延伸的支撑法兰,该支撑法兰为片状或具有一定的厚度;或者支撑结构6414由沿基座641的外周面6413的周向间隔分布的多个支撑部构成,该支撑部可为柱状、片状或其他形状。作为本实施例的优选方案,支撑结构6414为沿外周面6413的周向延伸的支撑法兰,该支撑法兰具有一定的厚度,在支撑法兰的上表面上构造有由法兰的内缘向外缘延伸的导水槽,优选导水槽沿法兰的径向直线延伸。其中,法兰的数量为1个或2个。法兰的数量为1个时,上述的底盘上盖610和固定板630沿法兰的厚度方向将该法兰压紧。法兰的数量为2个时,上述的底盘上盖610与位于下方的法兰的下表面接触,使得基座641支撑在底盘上盖610的上盖孔6111上,上述的盖体630与位于上方的法兰的上表面接触,以此支撑在该法兰上,导水槽构造在位于上方的法兰的上表面上。
本实施例中,外周面6413上构造有沿外周面6413的周向延伸且突出于外周面6413的至少一个凸起6415,凸起6415构造为环状,该凸起6415位于支撑结构6414的下方,至少一个凸起6415沿基座641的高度方向间隔设置。上述底盘上盖610的上盖孔6111由底盘上盖610的表面向上拉伸构成第一支撑部611,该凸起6415用于与第一支撑部611的内壁匹配,以达到密封作用。
本实施例中,基座641的上端面6411上构造有下凹的集水面6416,电极642的上端由集水面6416穿出,集水面6416内凹于上端面6411形成凹陷,利于收集淋雨,进而提高电极642的灵敏度。
本实施例中,正电极的外围和负电极的外围构置有附着在集水面6416上的多个椎体,多个椎体之间的间隙连通并共同构成储水空间,储水空间构置成能够储水并形成连接正电极和负电极的水膜。雨淋 传感器640的上方出现淋雨时,由于锥体具有朝上的尖端,该尖端能够破坏淋雨滴表面的张力,则集水面上不易形成体积较大的水珠,雨滴被迫迅速散开继而形成能够导通正电极和负电极的水膜,从而实现快速触发。一实施例中,锥体一体成型在集水面6416上。一实施例中,多个锥体连成一体的集雨结构,集雨结构附着在集水面6416上,集雨结构设有供正电极和负电极穿过的纵向通道,正电极和负电极由纵向通道穿过,进而伸出基座641的上端面6411。优选地,所述的集雨结构以可拆卸方式固定在集水面6416上,以便于更换。例如,集雨结构可通过凹凸结构卡在集水面6416上。或者,通过胶粘方式实现可拆卸连接。优选地,锥体为三棱锥或四棱锥。多个锥体间隔设置或者底部相邻接。锥体之间具有间隙,各锥体相互独立并形成该间隙,亦即,相邻锥体之间不存在接触情况。当锥体连成集雨结构时,通过一连接部将各锥体连在一起。或者,锥体之间具有间隙,相邻锥体的底部彼此接触的情况下形成该间隙。锥体形成一体的集雨结构,则仅通过相接触的底部实现连接。一实施例中,多个锥体的顶端在集水面6416上的密度大于100个/平方厘米。此密度分布的锥体能够有效破坏直径大于2毫米的水滴表面张力,使雨水落在表面时更快速地均匀散布开,在表面形成均匀的水膜,解决快速触发问题。
以下对本实施例提供的自主作业设备6100进行详细描述。本实施例提供的自主作业设备6100包括具有密封腔体c的密封结构和如上所述的雨淋传感器640,雨淋传感器640设置在密封结构上,并且雨淋传感器640的基座641的下端面6411暴露在密封腔体c的内部,基座641的上端面6411暴露在密封腔体c的外部。具体地,密封结构包括作为其构成件的两个盖板,分别为底盘上盖610和底盘下盖620。底盘上盖610具有向上拉伸形成的半腔体,底盘下盖620具有向下拉伸形成的半腔体。底盘上盖610和底盘下盖620两者中的一者的边缘构造有突出的密封条,底盘上盖610和底盘下盖620两者中的另一者的边缘构造有内凹的密封槽,密封槽内装设有密封件,密封槽构造成接纳密封条,如此底盘下盖620的边缘和底盘上盖610的边缘密封连接,两者的半腔体相对合并构成上述的密封腔体c。如图8和图9所示,其中分别示出了底盘上盖610和底盘下盖620的2个密封位置a。
如图8和图9所示,自主作业设备6100还包括设置在底盘上盖610的外部上方的盖体630,本实施例中,该盖体630作为上述雨淋传感器640的至少部分的安装基体。盖体630具有向上拉伸形成的半腔体,该半腔体位于密封腔体c的外部,用于向雨淋传感器640提供安装空间。在本实施方式中,盖体630同时作为急停按键650的至少部分的安装基体,向急停按键650提供安装空间。在其他不设有盖体630的实施方式中,通常由底盘或底盘上盖610作为雨淋传感器640的至少部分的安装基体。
本实施例中,底盘上盖610的上表面和盖体630的边缘两者中的一者上构造有突出的卡条,底盘上盖610的上表面和盖体630的边缘两者中的另一者上构造有内凹的卡槽,卡槽构造成接纳卡条,如此盖体630的边缘与底盘上盖610的上表面卡接。如图8所示,其中示出了底盘上盖610和盖体630的2个卡接位置b。其中,底盘上盖610构造有贯穿底盘上盖610厚度的上盖孔6111,基座641通过其上的支撑结构6414支撑在上盖孔6111上且基座641的下端面6412穿过上盖孔6111而暴露在密封腔体c的内部。盖体630构造有贯穿盖体630厚度的盖体孔6311,盖体630通过盖体孔6311支撑在基座641的支撑结构6414上且基座641的上端面6411穿过盖体孔6311而暴露在密封腔体c的外部。
本实施例中,基座641上的支撑结构6414作为支撑基础,以利于装配,提高雨淋传感器640的装配性和可靠性。然而,其他实施例中,基座641具有外周面6413,该外周面6413上不设置支撑结构6414,由于基座641为橡胶材质,可通过过盈配合挤压在上盖孔6111和/或盖体6311中,同样可以实现有效的密封凸起。
如图10所示,本实施例中,上盖孔6111由底盘上盖610的表面向上拉伸构成第一支撑部611,盖体孔6311由盖体630的表面向下拉伸构成第二支撑部631。位于支撑结构6414下方的基座641与第一支撑部611配装,并且位于该区域的凸起6415与第一支撑部611的内壁匹配,以保证良好的密封性。位于支撑结构6414上方的基座641与第二支撑部631配装,该第二支撑部631的下端面上构造有由第二支撑部631的内壁向外壁延伸的导水槽,优选该导水槽沿第二支撑部631的径向直线延伸。其他实施例中,支撑结构6414的下表面可直接支撑在底盘上盖610的上表面上,盖体630的下表面可直接支撑在支 撑结构6414的上表面上。优选地,第一支撑部611和第二支撑部631为连续或间断的柱环结构。
本实施例中,底盘上盖610的上表面上构造有用于收容急停按键650的安装部612,雨淋传感器640置于安装部612的覆盖范围内,安装部612中装设有急停按键650,急停按键650构造有允许雨淋传感器640穿过的避让孔654,以提高整个机组的集成度。具体地,参照图11所示,底盘上盖610上构造有安装部612,该安装部612由突出于底盘上盖610上表面的U形立壁构成,在U形立壁所圈设的范围内,底盘上盖610上构造有贯穿底盘上盖610厚度的第一支撑部611和按键安装孔613。
急停按键650包括按压部651和与按压部651连接的延伸部652,延伸部652上远离按压部651的端头构造有两个同轴的铰接轴653。U形立壁的开口两端处构造有两个同轴的半圆柱形的收纳部615。盖体630的下表面上构造有两个同轴的半圆柱形的收纳部632,U形立壁上的两个半圆柱形的收纳部615与盖体630上的两个半圆柱形的收纳部632一一对应地对接,并形成两个同轴的完整圆柱形收纳部,延伸部652上的两个同轴的铰接轴653一一对应地收纳在两个同轴的完整圆柱形收纳部中,并能够相对该圆柱形收纳部转动。按压部651可操作地活动安装在按键安装孔613,其上端伸出盖体630而位于盖体630的外侧。操作按压部651时,按压部651相对按键安装孔613的轴向运动并带动延伸部652相对底盘上盖610和盖体630转动,进而实现急停操作。延伸部652覆盖在盖体630和底盘上盖610之间的空间内,其上构造有贯穿延伸部652厚度的避让孔654,该避让孔654构造成允许穿过雨淋传感器640、第一支撑部611和第二支撑部631。操作急停按键650时,雨淋传感器640不受干涉。组装时,先装配底盘上盖610和底盘下盖620,使该两者密封构成密封腔体c,再安装急停按键650和雨淋传感器640,急停按键650和雨淋传感器640无先后顺序,最后安装盖体630。
现有技术当中,使用传统雨淋传感器的自主作业系统在户外工作时,如果突降暴雨,雨滴大且速度快,直接冲击雨淋传感器,一方面由于雨淋传感器的基体通常对于水是不浸润的,雨滴打在雨淋传感器上不易形成连续的水膜;另一方面由于雨滴的冲击力大,容易将雨淋传感器上原本存在的水膜破坏,导致雨淋传感器对于突降暴雨的情况难以做出及时正确的反应。为了解决上述技术问题,在本发明的另一实施方式揭示了另一种雨淋传感器640,参考图15~图17,由于本实施方式的雨淋传感器640是对前文所述技术方案的改进,所以在此仅对改进之处进行详细说明,而对于相同或相似的技术特征省略或简略说明。本实施方式的雨淋传感器640包括基座641、电极642和突出体670,其中突出体670被至少部分地配置在基座641的上端面6411的正上方。这里及后文中所述的“正上方”典型地指当集水面6416处于水平位置时,至少部分的突出体670在水平面上的投影落在基座641在水平面上的投影之内。在一优选的实施方式中,典型地参考图17,至少部分的突出体670与上端面6411之间存在间隙。在另一优选的实施方式中,未单独图示地,突出体670构造为与上端面6411之间不接触。在另一优选的实施方式中,未单独图示地,突出体670构造为其至少一部分与上端面6411相接触。
进一步地参考图17,突出体670构造为包括基部671和臂部672。基部671构造为与雨淋传感器640的安装基体连接。在本实施方式中,盖体630构成了所述安装集体的至少一部分,突出体670的基部671与盖体630连接;进一步地,基部671连接于盖体孔6311的边缘。在其他实施方式中,底盘构成了所述安装集体的至少一部分,突出体670的基部671与底盘连接,典型地,基部671与底盘上盖610连接。在其他实施方式中,基部671构造为与雨淋传感器640的基座641连接,典型地,基部671与基座641的边缘部分连接。臂部672构造为其一端与基部671连接,其另一端位于上端面6411的正上方。在本实施方式中,突出体670与安装基体或基座641一体成型,突出体670的基部671自安装基体或基座641大致向上延伸,臂部672自基部671的上部大致沿水平方向朝向基座641的中部延伸,优选地,臂部672延伸至集水面6416的正上方,且至少部分的臂部672与集水面6416之间存在间隙。进一步的,臂部672的上表面到上端面6411的距离大于电极642的上表面到上端面6411的距离,也就是说,臂部672最高点的高度大于电极642最高点的高度。进一步地,臂部672的下表面到上端面6411的距离小于电极642的上表面,也就是说,臂部672最低点的高度小于电极642最高点的高度。通过大量的实测能够证明,这种结构十分有利于在突降暴雨时,一定程度上避免高速砸落的雨点直接冲击集水面6416,确保集 水面6416中能够存蓄到雨水以致电极642之间被导通。在最优实施例中,基部671与安装基体一体成型,一方面能够最大程度的简化装配工艺,另一方面有利于简化雨淋传感器640的基座641的结构,进而降低生产加工的复杂程度,降低成本。在其他实施方式中,突出体670也可被构造为通过胶粘、焊接等工艺与安装基体或基座641连接,也可被构造为通过可拆卸连接结构与安装基体或基座641连接。在其他实施方式中,突出体670被构造为其第一部分(例如基部671)与安装基体或基座641一体成型或通过胶粘、焊接等工艺连接,其第二部分(例如臂部672)与其第一部分通过胶粘、焊接等工艺或通过可拆卸结构连接。
进一步地,突出体670还包括至少一个下探部673,在图15~图17所示的实施例中,突出体670包括一个下探部673,在其他实施例中,突出体670可包括两个或两个以上个下探部673。下探部673构造为自臂部672远离基部671的一端(典型地为对应于集水面6416的部分)的下表面向下延伸。优选的,下探部673构造为在臂部672的正下方且在所述集水面6416的正上方。这里及后文中所述的“正下方”典型地指当集水面6416处于水平位置时,下探部673在水平面上的投影完全地落在臂部672在水平面上的投影之内;进一步地,二者的投影不相切。优选的,下探部673构造为不在任意一个电极642的正上方;进一步地,电极642包括间隔设置的正电极和负电极,下探部673构造为在正电极和负电极之间的集水面6416的正上方。下探部673与集水面6416之间存在间隙,此时突出体670位于集水面6416正上方的部分整体上与集水面6416之间存在间隙;或下探部673与集水面6416相接触,此时突出体670位于集水面6416正上方的部分有且仅有下探部673与集水面6416相接触,而突出体670位于集水面6416正上方的其他部分则与集水面6416之间存在间隙。优选的,下探部673构造为上大下小的结构,典型地如倒置的圆台形、倒置的圆锥形等。当突出体670具有上述结构的下探部673时,能够进一步地优化雨滴在集水面6416上的聚集,避免因水的张力导致的无法在两个电极642之间形成连续水膜的问题,即使集水面6416被构造为一个基本平整的平面。
前文中对于雨淋传感器640的描述均建立在该雨淋传感器640设置在自主作业设备6100上,而在其他的一些实施方式中,如图18所示,雨淋传感器640也可设置在停靠站6900上,此时,停靠站6900包括具有密封腔体的密封结构和设置在所述密封结构中的控制模块,所述密封结构包括停靠站外壳,雨淋传感器640被构造为设置在所述停靠站外壳上,相应地,突出体670优选地与停靠站外壳一体成型。
应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明,它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围,凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种自主作业系统,包括自主作业设备和独立于所述自主作业设备的第二设备;所述自主作业系统包括控制电路;其特征在于,所述控制电路包括:
    雨淋传感器,其包括第一电极和第二电极;
    切换电路,其所述第一电极和所述第二电极相连,并配置为操作地交换所述第一电极和所述第二电极的极性;
    检测模块,其被配置为获取所述雨淋传感器的电信号;
    判断模块,其被配置为确定所述电信号与第一阈值是否满足第一关系;以及
    行为控制模块,其被配置为在确定所述电信号与所述第一阈值满足第一关系时控制所述自主作业设备改变操作状态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,所述控制电路被配置在所述自主作业设备上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,所述控制电路还包括第一通信模块,其被配置为将所述电信号发送给所述自主作业设备,以使所述自主作业设备根据所述电信号改变操作状态;
    所述雨淋传感器、所述检测模块和所述第一通信模块被配置在所述第二设备上;
    所述判断模块被配置在所述自主作业设备上或所述第二设备上。
  4. 根据权利要求1~3任意一项所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,所述切换电路被配置为在第一输出状态时,将所述第一电极设置为高电位,将所述第二电极设置为低电位;并且所述切换电路被配置为在第二输出状态时,将所述第一电极设置为低电位,将所述第二电极设置为高电位。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,所述控制电路还包括切换控制模块,其被配置为控制所述切换电路以交换所述第一电极和所述第二电极的极性。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的自主作业系统,其特征在于,所述切换控制模块被配置为向所述切换电路发送第一切换信号和第二切换信号;并且所述切换电路被配置为在接收到所述第一切换信号时进入所述第一输出状态,在接收到所述第二切换信号时进入所述第二输出状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的控制电路,其特征在于,所述切换控制模块被配置为每隔预定时间间隔向所述切换电路交替地发送所述第一切换信号和所述第二切换信号。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的控制电路,其特征在于,所述检测模块被配置为在所述切换电路处于所述第一输出状态时获取所述雨淋传感器的第一电信号;
    所述判断模块被配置为确定所述第一电信号与所述第一阈值是否满足所述第一关系;以及
    所述行为控制模块被配置为在确定所述第一电信号与所述第一阈值满足所述第一关系时控制所述自主作业设备改变操作状态。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的控制电路,其特征在于,所述判断模块被配置为进一步地确定至少两个所述第一电信号是否相等;
    所述行为控制模块被配置为在确定至少两个连续的第一电信号基本上相等并且所述至少两个连续的第一电信号与所述第一阈值都满足所述第一关系时改变所述自主作业设备的操作状态。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的控制电路,其特征在于,所述检测模块被配置为在所述切换电路进入所述第一输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间时,获取所述雨淋传感器的第一电信号。
  11. 根据权利要求8~10中任意一项所述的控制电路,其特征在于,所述检测模块还被配置为在所述切换电路处于所述第二输出状态时获取所述雨淋传感器的第二电信号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的控制电路,其特征在于,所述检测模块被配置为在所述切换电路进入所述第二输出状态的时刻或之后预定时间时,获取所述雨淋传感器的第二电信号。
  13. 根据权利要求4所述的控制电路,其特征在于,所述切换电路还被配置为在处于所述第二输出状态达预定时间间隔时,将所述第一端和所述第二端都接地一预定时间段。
  14. 根据权利要求1~3任意一项所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,所述切换电路包括第一端和第二端,所述第一端与所述第一电极相连,所述第二端与所述第二电极相连;所述切换电路还包括与所述雨淋传感器串联的分压电阻,所述第一端通过所述分压电阻与所述第一电极相连,并且所述检测模块通过检测所述雨淋传感器和所述分压电阻之间的电平来获取所述电信号;所述第一关系包括所述电信号小于或等于所述第一阈值。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的控制电路,其特征是,所述判断模块还被配置为确定所述第一电信号和所述第二电信号之和是否等于第一预设值;并且
    所述行为控制模块还被配置为在确定所述电信号与所述第一阈值之间满足所述第一关系并且所述第 一电信号和所述第二电信号之和等于所述第一预设值时改变所述自主作业设备的操作状态。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的控制电路,其特征在于,
    所述判断模块还被配置为确定所述电信号是否等于电源的电压;以及
    所述行为控制模块还被配置为在确定所述电信号等于电源的电压时,确定所述自主作业设备的操作状态是工作状态还是停止状态,并且如果确定所述自主作业设备处于停止状态,则控制所述自主作业设备进入工作状态。
  17. 根据权利要求1~3任意一项所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,控制所述自主作业设备改变操作状态包括控制所述自主作业设备停止作业和/或返回基站。
  18. 根据权利要求1~17任意一项所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,所述雨淋传感器包括基座和电极;所述基座具有相对的上端面和下端面,所述下端面用于暴露在密封腔体的内部,所述上端面用于暴露在密封腔体的外部;所述电极嵌在所述基座中且所述电极的两端分别穿出所述上端面和所述下端面。
  19. 根据权利要求1~17任意一项所述的自主作业系统,其特征是,所述雨淋传感器,包括基座、电极和突出体;所述基座具有上端面和与所述上端面相对的下端面;所述电极的上端至少部分地暴露于所述基座的所述上端面;所述突出体被至少部分地配置在所述上端面的正上方,且至少部分的所述突出体与所述上端面之间存在间隙。
PCT/CN2021/078801 2020-03-03 2021-03-03 自主作业系统 Ceased WO2021175235A1 (zh)

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