WO2021186873A1 - 眼鏡レンズ - Google Patents
眼鏡レンズ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2021186873A1 WO2021186873A1 PCT/JP2021/001346 JP2021001346W WO2021186873A1 WO 2021186873 A1 WO2021186873 A1 WO 2021186873A1 JP 2021001346 W JP2021001346 W JP 2021001346W WO 2021186873 A1 WO2021186873 A1 WO 2021186873A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- spectacle lens
- regions
- light
- predetermined position
- segment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/022—Ophthalmic lenses having special refractive features achieved by special materials or material structures
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/06—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses bifocal; multifocal ; progressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C7/00—Optical parts
- G02C7/02—Lenses; Lens systems ; Methods of designing lenses
- G02C7/024—Methods of designing ophthalmic lenses
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
- G02C2202/00—Generic optical aspects applicable to one or more of the subgroups of G02C7/00
- G02C2202/24—Myopia progression prevention
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a spectacle lens.
- the myopia population has been on the rise.
- myopia it has been reported that when a part of the light incident on the eyeball is imaged in the back of the retina, the progress is promoted, and when the image is formed in the foreground, it is suppressed.
- the transmitted light has a first region formed so that the transmitted light is focused at a predetermined position (for example, a position on the retina of the eyeball) and the transmitted light.
- a predetermined position for example, a position on the retina of the eyeball
- Some have a second region formed to focus at a position different from a predetermined position (eg, a position other than on the retina of the eyeball).
- a convex surface as a first region, which is a surface on the object side, in which a plurality of convex regions having a curved surface different from the convex surface and projecting from the convex surface are formed as a second region.
- the light beam incident from the surface on the object side and emitted from the surface on the eyeball side basically focuses on the retina of the wearer, but the light ray passing through the convex region portion. Focus on the object closer to the object than on the retina. In other words, an approach is taken to reduce the light that forms the image in the back of the retina and increase the light that forms the image in the foreground, which suppresses the progression of myopia.
- the lens structure different between the corresponding part of the central visual field and the corresponding part of the peripheral visual field.
- the shape, power, and the like of the second region are different between the corresponding portion of the central visual field and the corresponding portion of the peripheral visual field, or a strong curvature of field is given to one portion.
- the lens structure is partially different, the surface of the entire lens becomes non-uniform and the appearance is impaired.
- the eyeball is rotated, the correspondence between the distribution of the lens structure and the line of sight changes, so that a sufficient effect cannot always be obtained.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique that enables a spectacle lens to exert an effect of suppressing the progression of refractive error even in peripheral vision.
- the present invention has been devised to achieve the above object.
- the first aspect of the present invention is A first region formed so that the transmitted light focuses at a predetermined position in the eye, and a plurality of second regions formed so that the transmitted light focuses at a position defocused from the predetermined position.
- a spectacle lens with The plurality of second regions are spectacle lenses having negative spherical aberration.
- a second aspect of the present invention is The first aspect, in which the plurality of second regions have the negative spherical aberration so that the light perceived in peripheral vision is recognized as false focusing at a position other than the predetermined position. It is a spectacle lens described in.
- a third aspect of the present invention is The first or first spherical aberration in the plurality of second regions is given so that the evaluation value of the transmitted light in the peripheral vision using the Gabor function has a maximum value at a position other than the predetermined position.
- the spectacle lens according to the second aspect is The spectacle lens according to the second aspect.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention is The first to first spherical aberrations in the plurality of second regions are given so that the evaluation value of the transmitted light in the peripheral vision using the Gabor function has the maximum value at a position other than the predetermined position.
- the spectacle lens according to any one aspect of 3.
- a fifth aspect of the present invention is The plurality of second regions have the negative spherical aberration, so that the light rays passing through the outermost side of the second region and the light rays passing from the outermost side to the inside by 10% of the radius of the second region.
- the spectacle lens according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the intersecting position is configured to be between the predetermined position and the position defocused from the predetermined position.
- a sixth aspect of the present invention is The spectacle lens according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the plurality of second regions are formed in an aspherical shape such that the curvature becomes smaller as the distance from the center of the second region increases.
- a seventh aspect of the present invention is At least three of the plurality of second regions are arranged within the range of the pupil diameter through which the transmitted light passes, and the figure connecting the reference points of the three second regions becomes an acute triangle.
- the spectacle lens according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, wherein the size and the arrangement interval of the plurality of second regions are formed.
- the eighth aspect of the present invention is The plurality of second regions are the spectacle lenses according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, which are arranged in six directions.
- a ninth aspect of the present invention is The plurality of second regions are composed of a multi-layer structure.
- the innermost layer in the multilayer structure is a layer having an action of imparting a defocus frequency, and is a layer having a function of imparting a defocus frequency.
- the layer outside the spectacle lens is the spectacle lens according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, which is a layer having an action of imparting negative spherical aberration.
- the spectacle lens exert an effect of suppressing the progression of refractive error even in peripheral vision.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view (No. 1) showing a path of light transmitted through the spectacle lens shown in FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view (No. 2) showing a path of light transmitted through the spectacle lens shown in FIG.
- It is a schematic cross-sectional view which shows the path of the main ray of the light incident on each segment in the case of the central view and the peripheral view.
- It is an enlarged view which shows the shape and curvature of the convex region in the spectacle lens shown in FIG.
- It is explanatory drawing which shows the simulation image when the light which passes through the convex region shown in FIG. 5 is perceived by the central visual field of an eyeball.
- the spectacle lens given as an example in the present embodiment is a refractive error progress suppressing lens that suppresses the progress of refractive error in the eyes of the spectacle wearer.
- the refractive error progression suppressing lens has a first region having a first refractive power based on a formulation for correcting the refractive error of the eye and a refractive power different from the first refractive power, and can detect the progression of the refractive error of the eye. It is configured to have a second region having a function of focusing on a position other than the refraction of the eye so as to suppress it.
- Refractive error progression suppressing lenses include myopia progression suppressing lenses that suppress the progression of myopia and hyperopia progression suppressing lenses that suppress the progression of hyperopia.
- myopia progression suppressing lens will be taken as an example.
- FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of an spectacle lens in the present embodiment.
- 2 and 3 are schematic cross-sectional views showing the path of light passing through the spectacle lens shown in FIG.
- the spectacle lens 1 has a surface on the object side and a surface on the eyeball side.
- the "object-side surface” is a surface located on the object side when the spectacles provided with the spectacle lens 1 are worn by the wearer.
- the "eyeball-side surface” is the opposite, that is, the surface located on the eyeball side when the spectacles provided with the spectacle lens 1 are worn by the wearer.
- the surface on the object side is a convex surface
- the surface on the eyeball side is a concave surface. That is, the spectacle lens 1 is a meniscus lens.
- the spectacle lens 1 is configured to include a lens base material.
- the lens base material is formed of, for example, a thermosetting resin material such as thiourethane, allyl, acrylic, or epithio.
- a thermosetting resin material such as thiourethane, allyl, acrylic, or epithio.
- the resin material constituting the lens base material another resin material capable of obtaining a desired refractive index may be selected.
- the lens base material may be made of inorganic glass instead of the resin material.
- a coating is formed on at least one of the object-side surface and the eyeball-side surface of the lens base material.
- the film include a hard coat film and an antireflection film (AR film), but in addition to these, other films may be formed.
- the hard coat film is formed by using, for example, a thermoplastic resin or a UV curable resin.
- the hard coat film can be formed by immersing the lens base material in the hard coat liquid, or by using a spin coat or the like. By covering with such a hard coat film, the durability of the spectacle lens 1 can be improved.
- the antireflection film is formed by, for example, forming an antireflection agent such as ZrO 2 , MgF 2 , Al 2 O 3 by vacuum vapor deposition. By covering with such an antireflection film, the visibility of the image through the spectacle lens 1 can be improved.
- a plurality of convex regions are formed on the object-side surface (convex surface) of the lens base material so as to project from the surface toward the object side.
- Each convex region is formed by a curved surface having a curvature different from the surface of the lens base material on the object side.
- a coating film such as a hard coat film or an antireflection film
- a plurality of convex regions are formed on the surface of the coating film as well as the convex region of the lens base material. It will be formed.
- the surface (convex surface) of the spectacle lens 1 on the object side is formed so as to project from the surface toward the object side depending on the convex region of the lens base material and the thickness of the coating film covering the convex region.
- a plurality of convex regions 6 are arranged.
- a case where a plurality of convex regions 6 are arranged on the surface on the object side is illustrated, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and at least one of the surface on the object side and the surface on the eyeball side is used. It suffices if it is arranged on the surface of.
- the plurality of convex regions 6 are regularly arranged on the surface of the spectacle lens 1.
- the plurality of convex regions 6 are partially arranged in the vicinity of the center of the lens, but the present invention is not limited to this, and if the convex regions 6 are regularly arranged, the present invention is not limited to this. It may be arranged on the entire surface of the lens, or may be arranged in a circumferential shape so as to surround the center of the lens.
- the plurality of convex regions 6 are arranged in an independent island shape (that is, in a state of being separated from each other without being adjacent to each other). That is, in the present embodiment, each of the convex regions 6 is arranged discretely (that is, in a state where they are not continuous and are scattered apart). However, here, the case where all of the convex regions 6 are independent islands is illustrated, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this, and includes those in which the outer edges of adjacent regions are connected or in contact with each other. Each convex region 6 may be arranged as described above.
- the light incident on the object-side surface 3 of the region (hereinafter referred to as “base region”) in which the convex region 6 is not formed is emitted from the eyeball-side surface 4.
- the focus is on the retina 20A of the eyeball 20. That is, in principle, the light rays transmitted through the spectacle lens 1 are focused on the retina 20A of the spectacle wearer.
- the curvature of the base region of the spectacle lens 1 is set according to the prescription of the spectacle wearer so as to focus on the retina 20A which is a predetermined position A.
- the base region of the spectacle lens 1 has a first refractive power based on a formulation that corrects the refractive error of the eye of the spectacle wearer, so that the transmitted light of the lens is focused on the retina 20A at the predetermined position A. It will function as a "first region” formed in.
- the term "focusing” as used herein means that light is focused and imaged, but it does not necessarily have to be an aberration-free image, and has spherical aberration or astigmatism. It may be.
- the term "focus” means a point recognized as a point that has a maximum value for vision.
- the convex region 6 converges the light emitted from the surface 4 on the eyeball side to the position B closer to the object side than the predetermined position A.
- the convergence position B in response to each of a plurality of elevated regions 6, the position B 1, B 2, B 3, present as ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ B N. Therefore, each of the plurality of convex regions 6 functions as a "second region" formed so that the lens transmitted light focuses on the defocused position B from the predetermined position A.
- the convex region 6 that functions as the second region is also referred to as a “segment”.
- the spectacle lens 1 emits light rays incident from the surface 3 on the object side from the surface 4 on the eyeball side and converges them at a predetermined position A, while in the portion where the segment 6 is arranged, the spectacle lens 1 emits light rays.
- the light beam is converged to the position B (B 1 , B 2 , B 3 , ... BN ) closer to the object side than the predetermined position A. That is, the spectacle lens 1 has a light ray converging function to the position B closer to the object side, which is different from the light ray converging function for realizing the prescription of the spectacle wearer.
- the spectacle lens 1 can exert an effect of suppressing the progress of refractive error such as myopia of the spectacle wearer (hereinafter referred to as "myopia suppressing effect").
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the path of the main ray of light incident on each segment in the case of central vision and peripheral vision.
- the light reaching the peripheral visual field 20B is incident on the spectacle lens 1 at an angle with respect to the light reaching the central visual field 20C.
- the peripheral visual field 20B has a lower spatial resolution than the central visual field 20C. Specifically, in the photoreceptor cells of the peripheral visual field 20B, the resolution is only about 10 to 20% of that of the central visual field 20C. Therefore, in the peripheral visual field 20B, the optical stimulus used as a clue for finding the focal position may be perceived differently from the case of the central visual field 20C.
- the peripheral visual field 20B may not detect it. That is, since the light stimulus used as a clue to find the focal position in the peripheral visual field 20B is different from that in the central visual field 20C, the light transmitted through the segment 6 of the spectacle lens 1 is at the position B closer to the object side than on the retina 20A. Focusing may not be perceived, and as a result, the effect of suppressing the progression of myopia may not be exerted.
- FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing the shape and curvature of the segment 6 in the spectacle lens 1.
- FIG. 5 focusing on the region C in which the segments as shown in FIG. 5 are arranged in six directions, how the light transmitted through each segment 6 in the region C is perceived will be described.
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a simulation image when the light transmitted through the segment 6 of the spectacle lens 1 is perceived by the central visual field 20C of the eyeball 20.
- the predetermined position A on the retina 20A is set to "0D (diopter)"
- the segment 6 is focused at the position B closer to the object side by "3.4D” than the predetermined position A.
- the results obtained by simulation of how the light transmitted through the segment 6 is perceived in the central field of view 20C at a plurality of locations from 3.4D to 0D for the spectacle lens 1 in which the is formed are shown. There is. As shown in FIG.
- the light transmitted through each segment 6 is a white circle in the figure showing the perceived state of light at the position B (that is, the position of + 3.4D). It can be seen that the diameter of the figure is minimized and the light is perceived as being most focused (see arrow D shown in FIG. 6).
- FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a simulation image when the light transmitted through the segment 6 of the spectacle lens 1 is perceived by the peripheral visual field 20B of the eyeball 20.
- the simulation results at a plurality of locations between the predetermined position A (0D) and the position B (+ 3.4D) closer to the object side than the predetermined position A (0D) are shown as in the case of the central visual field 20C described above. ..
- the most focused feeling is felt at the position B (that is, the position of + 3.4D). No. That is, it can be seen that the light transmitted through each segment 6 is not perceived individually, but is perceived as one light by combining them, and is perceived as being blurred as a whole.
- the perception mode of light differs between the central visual field 20C and the peripheral visual field 20B due to the difference in resolution. Therefore, even if the segment 6 is formed so as to exert a myopia suppressing effect on the central visual field 20C, it is not always possible to exert a myopia suppressing effect even in peripheral vision.
- the lens structure of the spectacle lens 1 different between the corresponding portion of the central visual field 20C and the corresponding portion of the peripheral visual field 20B.
- the shape, power, etc. of the segment 6 may be different between the corresponding portion of the central visual field 20C and the corresponding portion of the peripheral visual field 20B, or a strong curvature of field may be given to one portion.
- the lens structure is partially different, the surface of the entire lens becomes non-uniform and the appearance is impaired. Further, when the eyeball is rotated, the correspondence between the distribution of the lens structure and the line of sight changes, so that a sufficient effect cannot always be obtained.
- the lens structure different between the corresponding portion of the central visual field 20C and the corresponding portion of the peripheral visual field 20B. Further, it is not preferable that the effect of suppressing myopia on the central visual field 20C is impaired by considering the peripheral vision.
- the light is perceived as being blurred as a whole due to the difference in resolution from the central visual field 20C. That is, unlike the case of the central visual field 20C, the most focused light is not felt at the position B (that is, the position of + 3.4D). However, even if the light is not felt most at position B, it is felt at least at a position closer to the object side than at position A (that is, the position of 0D) (see, for example, arrow E shown in FIG. 7). If it is perceived (that is, if the diameter of the white circle figure in the figure showing the perceived state of light is minimized), it is considered that the effect of suppressing myopia can be exerted to no small extent.
- peripheral vision in order to make the light focused at least at a position closer to the object side than the position A, it is sufficient to use the overlap of blurred images due to the low resolution spatial resolution in the peripheral visual field 20B. That is, in peripheral vision, the light transmitted through each segment 6 is perceived as a blurred image due to the low resolution, but if the light energy increases due to the overlapping portion of the blurred images, it is as if the condensing point is at the position of the overlapping portion. Can be perceived as if there is.
- using the overlap of the blurred images to make them perceive as a pseudo-focusing point other than the optical focal position is simply referred to as "pseudo-focusing".
- each segment is negative so that the light energy at the edge of the blurred image of each segment is higher than that at the center of the blurred image. It suffices to have spherical aberration characteristics.
- the inventor of the present application can exert the effect of suppressing the progression of refractive error even in peripheral vision having low resolution spatial resolution, so that the light perceived in peripheral vision is at a desired position (that is, retina 20A).
- a desired position that is, retina 20A.
- Spherical aberration refers to a phenomenon in which the focusing position differs in the optical axis direction according to the distance from the center of each segment 6.
- the focusing position of the light ray passing through the central portion of the segment 6 in the eye is closer to the spectacle lens 1 than the focusing position of the light ray passing through the peripheral portion in the eye.
- it is called having "negative spherical aberration".
- each segment 6 has a negative spherical aberration, the light perceived in peripheral vision can be recognized as false focusing at a position other than the focal position A on the retina 20A. ..
- negative spherical aberration In order to give negative spherical aberration to each segment 6, one method is to change the convex shape of the segment 6 to an aspherical shape. Specifically, negative spherical aberration can be given by setting the aspherical shape so that the curvature of the convex surface becomes smaller as the distance from the center of the segment 6 increases.
- the spectacle lens 1 preferably includes a plurality of segments 6 in the pupil. Specifically, at least three of the plurality of segments 6 are arranged within the range of the pupil diameter through which the transmitted light passes, and the figure connecting each reference point of the three segments 6 is an acute triangle. It is preferable that the size and the arrangement interval of each segment 6 are formed.
- the reference point of the segment 6 means a point that serves as a reference for specifying the position where the segment 6 is arranged. For example, when the segment 6 has a circular shape in a plan view, the center point of the segment 6 can be a reference point.
- the plurality of segments 6 are arranged in a hexagonal arrangement (particularly, a hexagonal close-packed arrangement).
- each segment 6 causes false light collection can be verified (evaluated) by, for example, the method described below.
- the human visual field recognizes images by an action similar to the Gabor transform (Reference: J. Daugman, “Entropy reduction and decorrelation in visual coding by oriented neural receptive fields”, Trans. On Biomedical Engineering, Vol.36 , No.1, pp. 107-114 (1989).). Following this, it is possible to verify (evaluate) to some extent how light is perceived in the human visual field by the evaluation value using the Gabor function shown in the following equation (1). it is conceivable that.
- x is the horizontal coordinate on the retina and y is the vertical coordinate on the retina, both of which are in mm.
- the Gabor function in the x direction is illustrated, but the Gabor function in the y direction or the intermediate direction may be used.
- the Gabor function shown in the above equation (1) is convoluted into a geometrical optics spot (not a spot considering the spatial resolution of the human field of view), and the maximum of the convoluted result is obtained.
- the value may be a Gabor coefficient (that is, an evaluation value using the Gabor function), and the evaluation value may be used for evaluation of whether or not false convolution has occurred.
- the horizontal axis is the distance (defocus amount, unit: diopter) between the predetermined position A on the retina and the position B where each segment 6 is focused
- the vertical axis is Gabor. It is conceivable to create by taking a coefficient (evaluation value using Gabor function, unit: dimensionless quantity).
- the maximum value is more preferably the maximum value.
- the maximum value does not necessarily have to be the maximum value, and if it is a maximum value having a sufficient magnitude, it is recognized as false light collection even if it is not the maximum value.
- the maximum value may have a value larger than the intermediate value between the maximum value and the minimum value.
- each segment 6 is 0.8 mm
- the frequency P 3.4D given to each segment 6.
- the spectacle lens 1 in which the plurality of segments 6 are arranged is formed so as to be.
- FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the shape of the segment of the spectacle lens according to the embodiment.
- the cross-sectional shape of the segment 6 in the spectacle lens 1 according to the embodiment is shown by a solid line.
- the lens base material is molded by a known molding method such as casting polymerization.
- a lens base material having a convex region on at least one surface can be obtained by molding by casting polymerization using a molding mold having a molding surface provided with a plurality of concave portions.
- a molding mold in which a plurality of recesses are formed may be used so as to match the above-mentioned use.
- a film such as a hard coat film or an antireflection film is formed on the surface of the lens base material, if necessary.
- the film can be formed by using the known film forming method described above.
- the spectacle lens 1 according to the embodiment can be obtained by the manufacturing method of such a procedure.
- FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing the curvature distribution of the segment of the spectacle lens according to the embodiment.
- the curvature distribution of the segment 6 that is, the curvature distribution of the aspherical shape
- the spectacle lens 1 according to the embodiment is shown by a solid line.
- the curvature near the center of the segment 6 is 5.6 [1 / M], whereas the curvature near the outermost side of the segment 6 is 4. It is as small as 1 [1 / M].
- a negative spherical aberration occurs, and the position where the light ray passing through the outermost side of the segment 6 and the light ray passing through the innermost part of the radius of the segment 6 from the outermost side intersect. Is located 1.7D before the retina 20A, which is the predetermined position A, that is, at an intermediate point between the retina 20A and the focal position B of the segment 6 defocused from the retina 20A.
- FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a graph of the Gabor coefficient (evaluation value) for the spectacle lens 1 according to the embodiment.
- the horizontal axis is the distance (defocus amount) between the predetermined position A (0D) on the retina and the position B (3.5D) where each segment 6 is focused, and the vertical axis is Gabor.
- the coefficient (evaluation value using the Gabor function) is taken, and the Gabor coefficient (evaluation value) normalized to the value 1 at the best focus position is displayed.
- the Gabor coefficient calculated in consideration of the resolution of the central visual field 20C is shown by a solid line
- the Gabor coefficient calculated in consideration of the resolution of the peripheral visual field 20B is shown. Is indicated by a broken line.
- the Gabor coefficient has a maximum value at the point of 1.7D in the case of the peripheral vision shown by the broken line. That is, in the spectacle lens 1, each segment 6 causes pseudo-condensing at a position other than the predetermined position A on the retina, and as a result, the case of peripheral vision without impairing the myopia suppressing effect on the central visual field 20C. It was confirmed that the effect of suppressing myopia can be exerted.
- FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a graph of Gabor's coefficient (evaluation value) for the spectacle lens according to the comparative example.
- the horizontal axis, the vertical axis, the solid line, the broken line, and the like are the same as in the graph shown in FIG.
- the Gabor coefficient has a maximum value at the predetermined position A (0D) in the case of the peripheral vision shown by the broken line. That is, in the spectacle lens according to the comparative example, since the segment does not have spherical aberration, false focusing does not occur at a position other than the predetermined position A (0D). Therefore, the spectacle lens according to Comparative Example 1 cannot exert the myopia suppressing effect in the case of peripheral vision.
- FIG. 12 is a side sectional view showing an example of a main part configuration of an spectacle lens according to another embodiment.
- the spectacle lens of the example is configured by imparting an aspherical layer 12 on a base material 11 having a defocus power in order to make the segment into an aspherical shape.
- the base material 11 may serve as a resin lens base material obtained by injection molding
- the aspherical layer 12 may serve as a hard coat film.
- the innermost layer in the multilayer structure (specifically, the layer composed of the base material 11) becomes a layer having an action of imparting the defocus frequency, and the outer layer (specifically, specifically).
- the layer composed of the aspherical layer 12) is a layer having an action of imparting negative spherical aberration.
- the spectacle lens 1 having a configuration having a convex region 6 on the surface 3 on the object side is given as an example, but the present invention can be applied to spectacle lenses having other configurations.
- the present invention includes a first region formed so that the transmitted light is focused at a predetermined position, and a plurality of second regions formed so as to be focused at a defocus position different from the first region.
- the spectacle lens configured with the above can be applied not only to a lens structure having a convex region 6 on the lens surface but also to a lens structure having a smooth lens surface.
- the spectacle lens is a myopia progression suppressing lens
- the present invention can also be applied to a hyperopia progression suppressing lens.
- each convex region (segment) 6 may be arranged so as to cause false focusing in peripheral vision.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Eyeglasses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
このことから、近視等の屈折異常の進行を抑制する眼鏡レンズとして、透過光が所定位置(例えば、眼球の網膜上の位置)で焦点を結ぶように形成された第1領域と、透過光が所定位置とは異なる位置(例えば、眼球の網膜上以外の位置)で焦点を結ぶように形成された第2領域と、を有するものがある。具体的には、物体側の面である第1領域としての凸面に、当該凸面とは異なる曲面を有して当該凸面から突出する複数の凸状領域が第2領域として形成されたものがある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
かかる構成の眼鏡レンズによれば、物体側の面から入射し眼球側の面から出射する光線が、原則的には装用者の網膜上に焦点を結ぶが、凸状領域の部分を通過した光線については網膜上よりも物体側寄りの位置で焦点を結ぶ。つまり、網膜の奥に結像する光を減らし、手前に結像する光を増やすアプローチを採っており、これにより近視の進行が抑制されることになる。
ただし、眼球に入射した光の知覚に際して、中心視野では高空間周波数の明暗パターンの感受性が強い一方で、周辺視野では低空間周波数の明暗パターンの感受性が強いことが知られている。つまり、周辺視野は、中心視野に比べて低解像度の空間分解能となっており、焦点位置を探す手掛かりとされる光刺激が中心視野とは異なって知覚される。
そのため、周辺視においては、第2領域を透過した光が網膜上よりも物体側寄りの位置で焦点を結ぶことが知覚されず、その結果として近視進行を抑制する効果が発揮されないおそれがある。
本発明の第1の態様は、
透過光が眼内の所定位置で焦点を結ぶように形成された第1領域と、前記透過光が前記所定位置からデフォーカスした位置で焦点を結ぶように形成された複数の第2領域と、を有する眼鏡レンズであって、
前記複数の第2領域は、負の球面収差を有する
眼鏡レンズである。
前記複数の第2領域は、前記負の球面収差を有することで、周辺視において知覚される光が前記所定位置以外の位置における偽集光として認知されるように構成されている
第1の態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
前記周辺視における前記透過光についてのガボール関数を用いた評価値が、前記所定位置以外の位置で極大値を有するように、前記複数の第2領域の球面収差が与えられている
第1または第2の態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
前記周辺視における前記透過光についてのガボール関数を用いた評価値が、前記所定位置以外の位置で最大値を有するように、前記複数の第2領域の球面収差が与えられている
第1から第3のいずれか1態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
前記複数の第2領域は、前記負の球面収差を有することで、前記第2領域の最外部を通過する光線と前記最外部から前記第2領域の半径の10%だけ内側を通過する光線との交わる位置が、前記所定位置と前記所定位置からデフォーカスした位置との間にあるように構成されている
第1から第4のいずれか1態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
前記複数の第2領域は、前記第2領域の中心から離れるほど曲率が小さくなるような非球面形状で形成されている
第1から第5のいずれか1態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
前記透過光が通過する瞳孔径の範囲内に前記複数の第2領域のうちの少なくとも三つが配されるとともに、当該三つの前記第2領域の各基準点を結ぶ図形が鋭角三角形となるように、前記複数の第2領域のサイズおよび配置間隔が形成されている
第1から第6のいずれか1態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
前記複数の第2領域は、六方配置されている
第1から第7のいずれか1態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
前記複数の第2領域は、多層構造によって構成されており、
前記多層構造における最も内側の層は、デフォーカス度数を付与する作用を持つ層であり、
それよりも外側の層は、負の球面収差を付与する作用を持つ層である
第1から第8のいずれか1態様に記載の眼鏡レンズである。
まず、本実施形態で例に挙げる眼鏡レンズの構成について説明する。
本実施形態に係る眼鏡レンズ1は、物体側の面と眼球側の面とを有する。「物体側の面」は、眼鏡レンズ1を備えた眼鏡が装用者に装用された際に物体側に位置する表面である。「眼球側の面」は、その反対、すなわち眼鏡レンズ1を備えた眼鏡が装用者に装用された際に眼球側に位置する表面である。本実施形態において、物体側の面は凸面であり、眼球側の面は凹面である。つまり、眼鏡レンズ1は、メニスカスレンズである。
ハードコート膜は、例えば、熱可塑性樹脂またはUV硬化性樹脂を用いて形成されている。ハードコート膜は、ハードコート液にレンズ基材を浸漬させる方法や、スピンコート等を使用することにより、形成することができる。このようなハードコート膜の被覆によって、眼鏡レンズ1の耐久性向上が図れるようになる。
反射防止膜は、例えば、ZrO2、MgF2、Al2O3等の反射防止剤を真空蒸着により成膜することにより、形成されている。このような反射防止膜の被覆によって、眼鏡レンズ1を透した像の視認性向上が図れるようになる。
本実施形態に係る眼鏡レンズ1において、例えば、レンズ基材の物体側の面(凸面)には、当該面から物体側に向けて突出するように、複数の凸状領域が形成されている。そして、各凸状領域は、レンズ基材の物体側の面とは異なる曲率の曲面によって構成されている。このような凸状領域を有するレンズ基材をハードコート膜や反射防止膜等の被膜が覆うと、その被膜の表面にも、レンズ基材の凸状領域に倣って、複数の凸状領域が形成されることになる。つまり、眼鏡レンズ1の物体側の面(凸面)には、レンズ基材の凸状領域およびこれを覆う被膜の厚さに依拠して、当該面から物体側に向けて突出するように形成された複数の凸状領域6が配置されている。なお、ここでは、複数の凸状領域6が物体側の面に配置されている場合を例示するが、必ずしもこれに限定されることはなく、物体側の面と眼球側の面との少なくとも一方の面に配置されていればよい。
以上のような構成の眼鏡レンズ1では、物体側の面3に凸状領域6を有することで、以下のような光学特性が実現され、その結果として眼鏡装用者の近視等の屈折異常の進行を抑制することができる。
上述した眼鏡レンズ1の光学特性は、主として、入射した光が、レンズ透過後に網膜の中心窩を含む中心視野に到達し、その中心視野の部分において知覚される場合のものである。ただし、眼球の網膜は、周辺視にも対応するようになっている。ここでいう「周辺視」とは、中心視野の外側にある周辺視野の部分において光を知覚することをいう。
図5は、眼鏡レンズ1におけるセグメント6の形状および曲率を示す拡大図である。
ここでは、図5に示すようなセグメントが六方配置されている領域Cに着目し、その領域C内の各セグメント6を透過した光がどのように知覚されるかを説明する。
図例は、網膜20A上における所定位置Aを「0D(ディオプトリ)」とした場合に、所定位置Aよりも「3.4D」の分だけ物体側寄りの位置Bで焦点を結ぶようにセグメント6が形成されている眼鏡レンズ1につき、3.4Dから0Dまでの複数箇所において、そのセグメント6を透過する光が中心視野20Cでどのように知覚されるかを、シミュレーションによって求めた結果を示している。
図6に示すように、中心視野20Cの分解能を考慮したシミュレーションによれば、各セグメント6を透過した光は、位置B(すなわち+3.4Dの位置)において、光の知覚状態を示す図中白丸図形の径が最小となり、最も集光して感じるように知覚されることがわかる(図6中に示す矢印D参照)。
図例においても、上述した中心視野20Cの場合と同様に、所定位置A(0D)とそれよりも物体側寄りの位置B(+3.4D)との間の複数箇所におけるシミュレーション結果を示している。
図7に示すように、周辺視野20Bの分解能を考慮したシミュレーションによれば、上述した中心視野20Cの場合とは異なり、位置B(すなわち+3.4Dの位置)において最も集光して感じることはない。つまり、各セグメント6を透過する光が個別に知覚されることがなく、それぞれが合体して一つの光として知覚され、しかも全体的にぼやけて感じるように知覚されることがわかる。
以下、本実施形態に係る眼鏡レンズ1における、複数のセグメント6の球面収差について説明する。
上述したように、偽集光は、複数のセグメント6の光束が重なることで起こる。したがって、眼鏡レンズ1は、瞳内に複数のセグメント6を含むことが好ましい。具体的には、透過光が通過する瞳孔径の範囲内に、複数のセグメント6のうちの少なくとも三つが配されるとともに、当該三つのセグメント6の各基準点を結ぶ図形が鋭角三角形となるように、各セグメント6のサイズおよび配置間隔が形成されていることが好ましい。ここで、セグメント6の基準点とは、当該セグメント6が配置された位置を特定する上で基準となる点のことをいう。例えば、セグメント6が平面視円形状である場合、当該セグメント6の中心点が基準点となり得る。
実施例として、各セグメント6の直径D=0.8mm、隣り合うセグメント6同士の間隔L=1.05mm、セグメント6の面積比率K=0.5、各セグメント6に与える度数P=3.4Dとなるように、複数のセグメント6が配置された眼鏡レンズ1を形成した。
図中においては、実施例に係る眼鏡レンズ1におけるセグメント6の断面形状(すなわち、上記(2)式に従うサグ量Zをベース形状に付加した形状)を、実線で示している。
そして、レンズ基材を得たら、次いで、そのレンズ基材の表面に、必要に応じてハードコート膜や反射防止膜等の被膜を形成する。被膜の形成は、既述した公知の成膜法を用いて行うことができる。
このような手順の製造方法により、実施例に係る眼鏡レンズ1が得られる。
図中においては、実施例に係る眼鏡レンズ1におけるセグメント6の曲率分布(すなわち、非球面形状の曲率分布)を、実線で示している。
ここで、比較例の眼鏡レンズについて簡単に説明する。比較例の眼鏡レンズは、上述の実施例で説明した形状から、(2)式における四次非球面係数Aの項をA=0に変更したものである。すなわち、比較例の眼鏡レンズにおけるセグメントは、球面形状を持つ(図8および図9に示す破線参照)。
以上に本発明の実施形態および実施例を説明したが、本発明の技術的範囲は、上述の例示的な開示内容に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変更可能である。
図例の眼鏡レンズは、セグメントを非球面形状とするために、デフォーカス度数を有する基材11の上に非球面層12を付与して構成されている。例えば、基材11は射出成型による樹脂レンズ基材を、非球面層12はハードコート膜を、それぞれ兼ねていてもよい。このような構成を用いることで、個人にあわせた近視抑制効果の調整が容易になる。
つまり、負の球面収差を有するセグメントは、多層構造によって構成されていてもよい。その場合、多層構造における最も内側の層(具体的には、基材11によって構成される層)は、デフォーカス度数を付与する作用を持つ層となり、それよりも外側の層(具体的には、非球面層12によって構成される層)は、負の球面収差を付与する作用を持つ層となる。
Claims (9)
- 透過光が眼内の所定位置で焦点を結ぶように形成された第1領域と、前記透過光が前記所定位置からデフォーカスした位置で焦点を結ぶように形成された複数の第2領域と、を有する眼鏡レンズであって、
前記複数の第2領域は、負の球面収差を有する
眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記複数の第2領域は、前記負の球面収差を有することで、周辺視において知覚される光が前記所定位置以外の位置における偽集光として認知されるように構成されている
請求項1に記載の眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記周辺視における前記透過光についてのガボール関数を用いた評価値が、前記所定位置以外の位置で極大値を有するように、前記複数の第2領域の球面収差が与えられている
請求項1または2に記載の眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記周辺視における前記透過光についてのガボール関数を用いた評価値が、前記所定位置以外の位置で最大値を有するように、前記複数の第2領域の球面収差が与えられている
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記複数の第2領域は、前記負の球面収差を有することで、前記第2領域の最外部を通過する光線と前記最外部から前記第2領域の半径の10%だけ内側を通過する光線との交わる位置が、前記所定位置と前記所定位置からデフォーカスした位置との間にあるように構成されている
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記複数の第2領域は、前記第2領域の中心から離れるほど曲率が小さくなるような非球面形状で形成されている
請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記透過光が通過する瞳孔径の範囲内に前記複数の第2領域のうちの少なくとも三つが配されるとともに、当該三つの前記第2領域の各基準点を結ぶ図形が鋭角三角形となるように、前記複数の第2領域のサイズおよび配置間隔が形成されている
請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記複数の第2領域は、六方配置されている
請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の眼鏡レンズ。 - 前記複数の第2領域は、多層構造によって構成されており、
前記多層構造における最も内側の層は、デフォーカス度数を付与する作用を持つ層であり、
それよりも外側の層は、負の球面収差を付与する作用を持つ層である
請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の眼鏡レンズ。
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US17/911,988 US20230129377A1 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-01-15 | Spectacle lens |
| EP21771828.7A EP4123364A4 (en) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-01-15 | Spectacle lens |
| KR1020227021588A KR102811698B1 (ko) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-01-15 | 안경 렌즈 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020-046050 | 2020-03-17 | ||
| JP2020046050 | 2020-03-17 | ||
| JP2020-059566 | 2020-03-30 | ||
| JP2020059566A JP7630912B2 (ja) | 2020-03-30 | 2020-03-30 | 眼鏡レンズ |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2021186873A1 true WO2021186873A1 (ja) | 2021-09-23 |
Family
ID=77677617
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2021/001346 Ceased WO2021186873A1 (ja) | 2020-03-17 | 2021-01-15 | 眼鏡レンズ |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230129377A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP4123364A4 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR102811698B1 (ja) |
| CN (2) | CN215526263U (ja) |
| TW (1) | TWI854093B (ja) |
| WO (1) | WO2021186873A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN216310444U (zh) | 2018-03-01 | 2022-04-15 | 依视路国际公司 | 镜片元件 |
| BR202019004173Y1 (pt) * | 2018-03-01 | 2024-02-20 | Essilor International | Dispositivo óptico |
| US20230129377A1 (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2023-04-27 | Hoya Lens Thailand Ltd. | Spectacle lens |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996016621A1 (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-06-06 | Queensland University Of Technology | Optical treatment method |
| JP2017010031A (ja) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-12 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・ビジョン・ケア・インコーポレイテッドJohnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | 近視の進行を予防及び/又は鈍化するための、非共軸小型レンズを具備するコンタクトレンズ |
| US20170131567A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-11 | Hoya Lens Thailand Ltd. | Spectacle Lens |
| US20180275427A1 (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2018-09-27 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Ophthalmic lens comprising lenslets for preventing and/or slowing myopia progression |
| JP2019128599A (ja) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-08-01 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・ビジョン・ケア・インコーポレイテッドJohnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | 近視制御のための光学的非同軸ゾーンを有する眼用レンズ |
| WO2019166653A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-06 | Essilor International | Lens element |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2465005A1 (en) * | 2009-08-14 | 2012-06-20 | Akkolens International B.V. | Optics with simultaneous variable correction of aberrations |
| CN104678572B (zh) * | 2013-11-29 | 2018-04-27 | 豪雅镜片泰国有限公司 | 眼镜片 |
| US20240151989A1 (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2024-05-09 | Reopia Optics, Inc. | Systems and related Methods for Optimizing Spectacle Based Myopia Progression Control and Management |
| KR102501015B1 (ko) * | 2018-06-29 | 2023-02-21 | 호야 렌즈 타일랜드 리미티드 | 안경 렌즈 |
| NZ771500A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2023-05-26 | Sightglass Vision Inc | Methods and devices for reducing myopia in children |
| CA3144870A1 (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2020-12-30 | Brien Holden Vision Institute Limited | Ophthalmic lenses and methods for correcting, slowing, reducing, and/or controlling the progression of myopia |
| CN119916591A (zh) * | 2019-08-23 | 2025-05-02 | 华柏恩视觉研究中心有限公司 | 用于减少、最小化和/或消除失焦光对聚焦图像的干扰的眼科镜片 |
| US20230129377A1 (en) * | 2020-03-17 | 2023-04-27 | Hoya Lens Thailand Ltd. | Spectacle lens |
-
2021
- 2021-01-15 US US17/911,988 patent/US20230129377A1/en active Pending
- 2021-01-15 WO PCT/JP2021/001346 patent/WO2021186873A1/ja not_active Ceased
- 2021-01-15 EP EP21771828.7A patent/EP4123364A4/en active Pending
- 2021-01-15 KR KR1020227021588A patent/KR102811698B1/ko active Active
- 2021-01-29 TW TW110103342A patent/TWI854093B/zh active
- 2021-03-17 CN CN202120548284.3U patent/CN215526263U/zh active Active
- 2021-03-17 CN CN202110285580.3A patent/CN113406811B/zh active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1996016621A1 (en) * | 1994-11-28 | 1996-06-06 | Queensland University Of Technology | Optical treatment method |
| JP2017010031A (ja) * | 2015-06-23 | 2017-01-12 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・ビジョン・ケア・インコーポレイテッドJohnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | 近視の進行を予防及び/又は鈍化するための、非共軸小型レンズを具備するコンタクトレンズ |
| US20180275427A1 (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2018-09-27 | Johnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | Ophthalmic lens comprising lenslets for preventing and/or slowing myopia progression |
| US20170131567A1 (en) | 2015-11-06 | 2017-05-11 | Hoya Lens Thailand Ltd. | Spectacle Lens |
| JP2019128599A (ja) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-08-01 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・ビジョン・ケア・インコーポレイテッドJohnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | 近視制御のための光学的非同軸ゾーンを有する眼用レンズ |
| WO2019166653A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-06 | Essilor International | Lens element |
| JP2019211772A (ja) * | 2018-05-30 | 2019-12-12 | ジョンソン・アンド・ジョンソン・ビジョン・ケア・インコーポレイテッドJohnson & Johnson Vision Care, Inc. | 近視の進行を予防及び/又は鈍化するための小型レンズを含む眼用レンズ |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| ANONYMOUS: "Caustic (optics)", WIKIPEDIA, 8 March 2025 (2025-03-08), pages 1 - 3, XP093274987, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caustic_(optics)> DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-8659.2011.01876.x |
| ANONYMOUS: "What is the power of a lens?", VEDANTU, 18 April 2025 (2025-04-18), pages 1 - 14, XP093274985, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.vedantu.com/physics/power-of-a-lens> |
| J. DAUGMAN: "Entropy reduction and decorrelation in visual coding by oriented neural receptive fields", TRANS. ON BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING, vol. 36, no. 1, 1989, pages 107 - 114, XP000098612, DOI: 10.1109/10.16456 |
| See also references of EP4123364A4 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113406811B (zh) | 2025-04-11 |
| EP4123364A4 (en) | 2024-05-15 |
| KR102811698B1 (ko) | 2025-05-22 |
| KR20220100070A (ko) | 2022-07-14 |
| US20230129377A1 (en) | 2023-04-27 |
| CN215526263U (zh) | 2022-01-14 |
| TW202136864A (zh) | 2021-10-01 |
| EP4123364A1 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
| TWI854093B (zh) | 2024-09-01 |
| CN113406811A (zh) | 2021-09-17 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN114746802B (zh) | 眼镜镜片 | |
| JP7630912B2 (ja) | 眼鏡レンズ | |
| JP7358619B2 (ja) | 眼鏡レンズ | |
| KR20230003018A (ko) | 안경 렌즈 | |
| CN112703443B (zh) | 眼用透镜、其设计方法、制造方法以及眼用透镜组 | |
| JP2021005080A (ja) | 眼科用レンズ | |
| WO2014054946A1 (en) | Artificial asymmetrical pupil for extended depth of field | |
| WO2021186873A1 (ja) | 眼鏡レンズ | |
| TWI847010B (zh) | 眼鏡鏡片 | |
| CN109313360A (zh) | 眼科镜片和其制造方法 | |
| CN215117041U (zh) | 眼镜片 | |
| KR102557131B1 (ko) | 안경 렌즈 및 안경 렌즈 설계 방법 | |
| KR100504388B1 (ko) | 비축 비구면 다초점 광학 렌즈 | |
| JP2023130028A (ja) | 眼鏡レンズ、および眼鏡レンズの設計方法 | |
| WO2025191922A1 (ja) | 眼鏡レンズ | |
| KR20240021301A (ko) | 안경 렌즈 | |
| JP2022136680A (ja) | 眼鏡レンズ及びその設計方法 | |
| HK1210838A1 (en) | Spectacle lens |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 21771828 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 20227021588 Country of ref document: KR Kind code of ref document: A |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2021771828 Country of ref document: EP Effective date: 20221017 |
|
| WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 11202252773V Country of ref document: SG |
|
| WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 11202252773V Country of ref document: SG |

