WO2021209059A1 - 链路处理方法、多链路设备及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

链路处理方法、多链路设备及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021209059A1
WO2021209059A1 PCT/CN2021/087955 CN2021087955W WO2021209059A1 WO 2021209059 A1 WO2021209059 A1 WO 2021209059A1 CN 2021087955 W CN2021087955 W CN 2021087955W WO 2021209059 A1 WO2021209059 A1 WO 2021209059A1
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Prior art keywords
link
mld
information
frame
updated
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PCT/CN2021/087955
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄国刚
淦明
周逸凡
郭宇宸
李云波
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Priority to BR112022020845A priority Critical patent/BR112022020845A2/pt
Priority to EP21788239.8A priority patent/EP4131816A4/en
Priority to JP2022563193A priority patent/JP7483931B2/ja
Publication of WO2021209059A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021209059A1/zh
Priority to US17/967,024 priority patent/US20230046270A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/22—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
    • H04L45/24—Multipath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0011—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection
    • H04W36/0027—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off for data sessions of end-to-end connection for a plurality of data sessions of end-to-end connections, e.g. multi-call or multi-bearer end-to-end data connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/0005—Control or signalling for completing the hand-off
    • H04W36/0055—Transmission or use of information for re-establishing the radio link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/248—Connectivity information update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/27—Transitions between radio resource control [RRC] states
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/12—WLAN [Wireless Local Area Networks]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a link processing method, a multi-link device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
  • Multi-link refers to the ability of each WLAN device to support transmission and reception in multiple frequency bands, thereby achieving greater bandwidth and improving throughput.
  • multi-frequency bands include, but are not limited to: 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz, etc., and access and transmission on multiple frequency bands are called multi-links.
  • devices that support multiple links are called multi-link devices.
  • multi-link equipment includes multi-radio frequency multi-link equipment and single-radio frequency multi-link equipment.
  • Multi-radio frequency multi-link equipment has multiple radio frequency modules, which can work on different frequency bands or channels respectively. When the channel spacing of each radio frequency module is large enough, the links can operate independently without interfering with each other.
  • Multi-radio and multi-link devices work in energy-saving mode. Links without data transmission can be put in a dormant or disabled state, and links with data transmission can be put in an active or enabled state, that is, link Need to switch from dormant or non-enabled state to active or enabled state.
  • a single radio frequency multi-link device has a single radio frequency module. Although it can work on different frequency bands or channels, it can only work on one frequency band at any time, that is, it needs to switch from one link to another.
  • a beacon frame For the link to which the link state changes or the link to which it is switched, in order to transmit data frames, a beacon frame must be received on the link after the state change or the link to which it is switched to obtain the link.
  • the present application provides a link processing method, a multi-link device, and a computer-readable storage medium, which can realize the rapid conversion of the link state or the rapid switch of the link.
  • this application provides a link processing method.
  • the multi-link between the first MLD and the second MLD may include the first link and the second link.
  • the first MLD can receive the first information of the second link on the first link, and the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated; if the BSS of the second link The configuration is not updated, the first MLD can transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, without having to receive the beacon frame on the second link after the switch or state transition, and get the latest The data frame can only be transmitted after the BSS is configured with parameters. Therefore, this method reduces the waiting time required before the data frame transmission on the second link that is switched to or after the state transition.
  • the first MLD can know the second link before switching from the first link to the second link The BSS configuration of the channel is not updated. In this way, the first MLD can directly transmit the data frame on the second link switched to, without having to wait for the beacon frame to obtain the latest BSS configuration after switching to transmit the data frame. Therefore, this method shortens the impact duration of the link switching process on the data frame transmission.
  • the first MLD can learn that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated before the state transition of the second link. On the second link after the state transition, the data frame can be directly transmitted without receiving the beacon frame, which shortens the time required for the offload transmission of the data frame.
  • the first link is a link in an enabled state
  • the second link is a handover link or a link state conversion link.
  • the data frame may be an uplink data frame, a QoS NULL frame, or a link state notification frame.
  • the link state notification frame is used to indicate that the second link has been in an awake or enabled state, thereby facilitating the second MLD to send downlink data frames on the second link in time.
  • uplink data frames and QoS NULL frames can also inform the second MLD that the second link is already in the awake or enable state.
  • the method further includes: the first MLD sends second information on the second link, and the first MLD
  • the second information is the serial number stored in the first MLD that identifies the BSS configuration of the second link, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value;
  • the first MLD receives the updated parameter of the BSS configuration of the second link on the second link; the updated parameter of the BSS configuration of the second link is determined according to the second information.
  • the second information of the second link is carried in a unicast probe request frame on the second link for transmission; the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of the second link are in Is carried in a probe response frame received on the second link, and the probe response frame is returned based on the unicast probe request frame. That is, if the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, the first MLD can obtain the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of the second link through the unicast probe request frame and the probe response frame on the second link.
  • the unicast probe request frame carries second information, and the second information is used by the second MLD to determine the parameters that need to be updated for the BSS configuration.
  • An implementation manner is: the first MLD sends a unicast probe request frame on the second link, and the unicast probe request frame includes the second information; the first MLD receives the BSS of the second link on the second link Configure the updated parameters.
  • the updated parameter of the BSS configuration of the second link is obtained by the second MLD by comparing the second information with the first information.
  • the first MLD can also obtain the updated part of the parameters through a unicast probe request frame and a probe response frame, instead of waiting for the beacon frame to be obtained. Only the entire BSS configuration can transmit data frames, which helps to reduce the waiting time before data frame transmission and save signaling overhead.
  • the first MLD has learned that the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated before sending the unicast probe frame. Compared with the method in which the first MLD does not know whether there is an update and directly sends the probe request frame, it can reduce the link processing process. The waiting time required before the data frame is transmitted.
  • the first information is a serial number of a BSS configuration identifying the second link in the second MLD, or an access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or a check beacon value.
  • the second information is the serial number stored (or recorded) in the first MLD that identifies the BSS configuration of the second link, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value.
  • the first MLD compares whether the first information and the second information are consistent. If they are consistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated; if they are inconsistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link is updated. This is beneficial for the first MLD to transmit data frames on the second link in time.
  • the first information is the serial number, AP-CSN or check beacon value of the current BSS configuration of the second link
  • the second information is the serial number of the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD, AP-CSN or check beacon value. Therefore, if the current BSS configuration of the second link is not updated relative to the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD, the first information is equal to the second information; if there is an update, the first information is not equal to or greater than Second information.
  • the second information is obtained from a beacon frame or a multi-link detection response frame of the first link when the first MLD performs channel detection, or is obtained when the first MLD performs link association Obtained from the multi-link association response frame of the first link. That is, the beacon frame of the first link, or the multi-link detection response frame, or the multi-link association response frame also carries the link status and channel utilization of the second link Rate and other information.
  • the beacon frame, the multi-link detection response frame, or the multi-link association response frame of the first link may carry information of multiple links or all links.
  • the information of each link also includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: link status and channel utilization. This is beneficial for the first MLD to select the switched link or the state switched link from the information when performing link switching or link state switching.
  • the first information of the second link is a link switching response message received on the first link, or a cross-link information report message, or a medium access control frame, or a service identifier It is carried in the negotiation response frame of the mapping relationship between the identifier and the link, or the beacon frame, or the control field of the data frame, or the service identifier and the link mapping relationship negotiation request frame.
  • the first MLD receiving the first information of the second link on the first link includes: the first MLD receives a link switching response message or a cross-link information report message on the first link, Or media access control frame, or service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame.
  • the link switching response message, the cross-link information report message, the media access control frame, or the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame carries the first information of the second link.
  • the first MLD may first send a link switching request message, or a cross-link information report request message, or a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame on the first link, so that the second MLD can pass
  • the above response message returns the first information of the second link.
  • the first MLD can actively request the first information of the link to be switched to know whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, which is beneficial to avoid the need to receive a beacon frame after the switch or state transition
  • the problem of transmitting data frames reduces the waiting time required before data frames are transmitted on the link after switching or state transition.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame sent by the first MLD is the mapping relationship between the link and the service identifier when the first MLD needs to change the mapping relationship, and the link status of some links needs to be changed from disable. /doze is sent when the state is switched to enable/awake.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame returned by the second MLD is also used to indicate whether the second MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link. If the second MLD accepts, the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame includes the first information of the second link; if the second MLD does not accept, the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame does not Including the first information of the second link.
  • the link state of some links needs to be converted from the disable/doze state to the enable/awake state.
  • the second MLD may also send a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame to the first MLD, which may carry the first information of the second link.
  • the first MLD may use the above-mentioned implementation manner to switch the link state according to the first information of the second link, so as to save the waiting time required before the data frame transmission.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame returned by the first MLD to the second MLD is used to indicate whether the first MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link. If the first MLD accepts, the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame may carry information confirming acceptance; if the first MLD does not accept, the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame may agree to reject information .
  • the first MLD or the second MLD may determine the link for converting the link state as required, and then determine the number of links carried in the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame.
  • the optional implementation manner in which the first information of the second link is carried in various messages is beneficial to the first MLD or the second MLD to initiate a link switching request or link state transition in a variety of scenarios. Request, thereby further reducing the waiting time required for the switched link or the state-switched link to transmit data frames.
  • this application also provides a link processing method.
  • the link processing method in this aspect corresponds to the link processing method described in the first aspect.
  • the link processing method in this aspect is from the perspective of the second MLD. Explained.
  • the multi-link between the second MLD and the first MLD includes a first link and a second link; the second link is a link that the first MLD switches from the first link, or The link that is the link state transition.
  • the second MLD determines the first information of the second link, and the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated; the second MLD is on the first link,
  • the MLD sends the first information of the second link.
  • the second MLD may send the first information of the second link to the first MLD before the first MLD is switched from the first link to the second link or the link state transition of the second link.
  • this method is beneficial for the first MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated according to the first information, and if the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated, the first MLD can be switched to or after state transition
  • the data frame is directly transmitted on the second link of the network, and it is not necessary to receive the beacon frame on the second link after the switch or state transition.
  • the data frame can be transmitted only after the latest BSS configuration parameters are obtained, which reduces the number of or The waiting time required before the data frame transmission on the second link after the state transition.
  • the second MLD can receive uplink data frames or QoS NULL frames from the first MLD on the second link. Or link state notification frame.
  • the link state notification frame is used to indicate that the second link has been in the awake or enabled state, thereby facilitating the second MLD to deliver the downlink data frame in time.
  • the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, the second MLD will receive the second information from the first MLD on the second link; and the second link is determined based on the second information
  • the BSS configures the updated parameters, and sends the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of the second link to the first MLD on the first link.
  • the first information is a serial number identifying the BSS configuration of the second link in the second MLD, or an access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or a check beacon value.
  • the second information is the serial number that identifies the BSS configuration of the second link, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value stored in the first MLD.
  • the first MLD can compare whether the first information and the second information are consistent. If they are consistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated; if they are inconsistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link is updated. This is beneficial for the first MLD to transmit data frames on the second link in time.
  • the first information is the identifier of the current BSS configuration of the second link
  • the second information is the identifier of the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD. Therefore, if the latest update of the second link or the current BSS configuration is not updated relative to the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD, the first information is equal to the second information; if there is an update, the first information Not equal to or greater than the second information.
  • the second information of the second link is carried in the unicast probe request frame received on the second link; the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of the second link are in the second link.
  • the probe response frame on the link is carried for transmission, and the probe response frame is sent based on the unicast probe request frame. That is, the second MLD receiving the second information on the second link includes: the second MLD receives the unicast probe request frame on the second link, and the unicast probe request frame includes the second information of the second link; The second MLD sends a probe response frame on the second link, and the probe response frame includes parameters updated by the BSS configuration of the second link. Wherein, the updated parameter of the BSS configuration of the second link is obtained by the second MLD according to the second information.
  • the second information sent to the second link of the second MLD is obtained by the first MLD from beacon frames and multi-link detection on the first link during channel detection or link association. Obtained in response frame or multi-link association response frame.
  • the second MLD sends a beacon frame, a multi-link detection response frame, or a multi-link association response frame of the first link on the first link.
  • the beacon frame, the multi-link detection response frame, or the multi-link association response frame includes the second information of the second link. This is beneficial for the first MLD to report the second information to the second MLD on the second link, so as to obtain the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of the second link.
  • the beacon frame of the first link, or the multi-link detection response frame, or the multi-link association response frame also carries information such as the link status and channel utilization of the second link.
  • the first information of the second link is a link switch response message, or a cross-link information report message, or a medium access control frame, Or the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame, or the beacon frame, or the control field of the data frame, or the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame, sent to the first MLD. That is, the second MLD sends the first information of the second link on the first link, including: the second MLD sends a link switch response message, or a cross-link information report message, or media access on the first link Control frame, or service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame, or beacon frame, or control field of data frame, or service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame.
  • the first information of the second link is carried in the request frame for negotiating the mapping relationship between the symbol and the link.
  • the second MLD may first receive a link switching request message, or a cross-link information report request message, or a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame from the first MLD on the first link, and then Return the above message.
  • the first MLD can actively request the first information of the link to be switched to know whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, which is beneficial to avoid the need to receive a beacon frame after the switch or state transition
  • the problem of transmitting data frames reduces the waiting time required before data frames are transmitted on the link after switching or state transition.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame from the first MLD is the mapping relationship between the link and the service identifier when the first MLD needs to change the mapping relationship, and the link status of some links needs to be changed from disable. /doze is sent when the state is switched to enable/awake.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame returned by the second MLD is also used to indicate whether the second MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame includes the first information of the second link; if the second MLD does not accept, the service identifier and link mapping relationship The negotiation response frame does not include the first information of the second link.
  • the link state of some links needs to be converted from the disable/doze state to the enable/awake state.
  • the second MLD may also send a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame to the first MLD, which may carry the first information of the second link.
  • the first MLD may use the above-mentioned implementation manner to switch the link state according to the first information of the second link, so as to save the waiting time required before the data frame transmission.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame received by the second MLD is used to indicate whether the first MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame may carry information confirming acceptance; if the first MLD does not accept, the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame may be negotiated Rejected information.
  • the first MLD or the second MLD can change the link status of the link as needed, and determine the number of links carried in the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame.
  • the optional implementation manner in which the first information of the second link is carried in various messages is beneficial to the first MLD or the second MLD to initiate a link switching request or link state transition in a variety of scenarios. Request, thereby further reducing the waiting time required for the switched link or the state-switched link to transmit data frames.
  • this application also provides a link processing method.
  • the difference between this method and the link processing method described in the first aspect is that in this aspect, the second MLD determines whether the BSS configuration of the switched second link or the state-transitioned second link has been updated, Furthermore, on the first link, the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of the second link can be sent to the first MLD, or the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated to inform the first MLD.
  • the first MLD can directly transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, without the first MLD needing to receive the beacon frame on the second link after the switch or state transition ,
  • the data frame can be transmitted only after the latest BSS configuration parameters are obtained, which reduces the waiting time required before the data frame transmission on the second link that is switched to or after the state transition.
  • the first MLD can know the second link before switching from the first link to the second link There are no updated or updated parameters for the BSS configuration of the channel, so that the data frame can be directly transmitted on the second link that is switched to, instead of waiting for the beacon frame to be transmitted after the switch, which is conducive to shortening the link The impact duration of the switching process on the data frame transmission.
  • the first MLD can learn that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or before the state transition of the second link.
  • the updated parameters can directly transmit the data frame on the second link after the state transition, instead of waiting for the beacon frame to be transmitted after the state transition, shortening the data frame split transmission required duration.
  • the link processing method of this aspect includes: the first MLD sends second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the second MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the MLD receives the third information on the first link, and the third information is determined by the second MLD according to the second information.
  • the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or updated parameters.
  • the first MLD can directly transmit the data frame on the second link according to the third information. It can be seen that the first MLD can directly transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, which reduces the waiting time required before the second link transmits the data frame after the switch or state transition.
  • the third information when the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, the third information includes the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of the second link; when the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated, the third information may indicate the second link.
  • the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated.
  • the data frame may be an uplink data frame or a QoS NULL frame, so as to inform the second MLD that the second link is in the awake/enable state.
  • the first MLD may also transmit a link state notification frame on the second link, and the link state notification frame is used to indicate that the second link is in the awake/enable state, thereby facilitating the second MLD in the first link.
  • the downlink data frame is sent in time.
  • the second information is the serial number that identifies the BSS configuration of the second link, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value stored in the first MLD.
  • the second MLD identifies the BSS configuration sequence number of the second link, or the access point configuration sequence number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value as the first information. In this way, the second MLD can compare whether the first information is consistent with the second information. If they are consistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link has not been updated; if they are inconsistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link is updated. This is beneficial for the second MLD to obtain whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated according to the first information and the second information.
  • the first information is the serial number, AP-CSN or check beacon value of the current BSS configuration of the second link
  • the second information is the serial number of the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD, AP-CSN or check beacon value. Therefore, if the latest update of the second link or the current BSS configuration is not updated relative to the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD, the first information is equal to the second information; if there is an update, the first information Not equal to or greater than the second information.
  • the second information is obtained from a beacon frame or a multi-link detection response frame of the first link when the first MLD performs channel detection.
  • the second information is obtained from the multi-link detection response frame of the first link when the first MLD performs link association.
  • the beacon frame, the multi-link detection response frame, and the multi-link association response frame of the first link may carry information of multiple links or all links.
  • the information of each link includes the second information, and also includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: link status, channel utilization, and so on. This embodiment is beneficial for the first MLD to select the switched link or the state switched link from the information when performing link switching or link state switching.
  • the first MLD may send a link switching request message, or a cross-link information report request message, or a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame on the first link, to change
  • the second information of the second link is notified to the second MLD. That is, the link switching request message, or the cross-link information report request message, or the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame carries the second information of the second link.
  • the first MLD may receive a link switching response message, or a cross-link information report message, or a medium access control frame, or a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame on the first link, to obtain The third information of the second link.
  • the first multi-link device receives the third information on the first link, including: the first MLD receives a link switch response message on the first link, or a cross-link information report Message, or media access control frame, or service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame.
  • the link switching response message, the cross-link information report message, the media access control frame, and the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame carry the third information of the second link.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame from the first MLD is the mapping relationship between the link and the service identifier when the first MLD needs to change the mapping relationship, and the link status of some links needs to be changed from disable. /doze is sent when the state is switched to enable/awake.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame returned by the second MLD is used to indicate whether the second MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame includes the third information of the second link; if the second MLD does not accept, the service identifier and link mapping relationship
  • the negotiation response frame does not include the third information of the second link.
  • the first MLD can actively report the second information of the link to be switched to obtain the third information, which is beneficial to avoid the need to receive a beacon frame to transmit the data frame after the link is switched or the state is switched. This reduces the waiting time required before transmitting data frames on the link to which it is switched.
  • this application also provides a link processing method.
  • This method corresponds to the link processing method described in the third aspect, which is explained from the perspective of the second MLD.
  • the second MLD determines whether the BSS configuration of the switched second link or the state-transitioned second link has been updated, and then sends the updated parameters to the first MLD on the first link, or Inform the first MLD that there is no update.
  • the first MLD can directly transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, without receiving the beacon frame on the second link after the switch or state transition, and obtain the latest The data frame can be transmitted only after the BSS is configured with the parameters, which reduces the waiting time required before the data frame transmission on the second link after switching to or state transition.
  • the first MLD can know the second link before switching from the first link to the second link There are no updated or updated parameters for the BSS configuration of the channel, so that the data frame can be directly transmitted on the second link that is switched to, and the data frame can be transmitted without waiting for the beacon frame to be received after the switch, which shortens the link switching process.
  • the impact duration of the data frame transmission In view of the situation where the data frame on the first link needs to be offloaded to the second link, in this method, the first MLD can learn that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or before the state transition of the second link.
  • the updated parameters can directly transmit the data frame on the second link after the state transition, instead of waiting for the beacon frame to be transmitted after the state transition, shortening the data frame split transmission required duration.
  • the link processing method of this aspect includes: the second MLD receives second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the second MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated; the second MLD The third information is sent on the first link, the third information is determined by the second MLD according to the second information, and the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or updated parameters.
  • the third information when the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, includes the parameters updated by the BSS configuration of the second link; when the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated, the third information is used for Indicates that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated.
  • the second MLD can tell the first MLD on the first link whether the BSS of the second link is updated or the updated parameters, therefore, the first MLD is on the second link after the handover or state transition.
  • the data frame can be directly transmitted without receiving the beacon frame, which reduces the waiting time required before the data frame is transmitted on the second link after the switch or state transition.
  • the second MLD may also receive a data frame on the second link.
  • the data frame includes an uplink data frame, a QoS NULL frame, or a link Status notification frame.
  • the link state notification frame is used to indicate that the second link is already in the awake/enable state, thereby facilitating the second MLD to send downlink data frames on the second link in time.
  • the second information is the serial number that identifies the BSS configuration of the second link, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value stored in the first MLD.
  • the second MLD identifies the BSS configuration sequence number of the second link, or the access point configuration sequence number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value as the first information. In this way, the second MLD can compare whether the first information is consistent with the second information. If they are consistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link has not been updated; if they are inconsistent, it means that the BSS configuration of the second link is updated. This is beneficial for the second MLD to obtain whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated according to the first information and the second information.
  • the first information is the serial number, AP-CSN or check beacon value of the current BSS configuration of the second link
  • the second information is the serial number of the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD, AP-CSN or check beacon value. Therefore, if the latest update of the second link or the current BSS configuration is not updated relative to the BSS configuration of the second link obtained before the first MLD, the first information is equal to the second information; if there is an update, the first information Not equal to or greater than the second information.
  • the second information is obtained from a beacon frame or a multi-link detection response frame of the first link when the first MLD performs channel detection; or, the second information is obtained from a link in the first MLD. Obtained from the multi-link detection response frame of the first link during path association.
  • the beacon frame, the multi-link detection response frame, and the multi-link association response frame of the first link may carry information of multiple links or all links.
  • the information of each link also includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: link status, channel utilization, etc. This embodiment is beneficial for the first MLD to select the switched link or the state switched link from the information when performing link switching or link state switching.
  • the second MLD may receive a link switching request message or a cross-link information report request message from the first MLD on the first link, or a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation Request a frame to obtain the second information of the second link. That is, the link switching request message, or the cross-link information report request message, or the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame carries the second information of the second link.
  • the second MLD may send a link switching response message, or a cross-link information report message, or a medium access control frame, or a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame on the first link, to change
  • the third information of the second link is sent to the first MLD. That is, the link switching response message, the cross-link information report message, the media access control frame, and the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame carry the third information of the second link.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame from the first MLD is the mapping relationship between the link and the service identifier when the first MLD needs to change the mapping relationship, and the link status of some links needs to be changed from disable. /doze is sent when the state is switched to enable/awake.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame returned by the second MLD is used to indicate whether the second MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame includes the third information of the second link; if the second MLD does not accept, the service identifier and link mapping relationship
  • the negotiation response frame does not include the third information of the second link.
  • the first MLD can actively report the second information of the link to be switched or the state transition link to obtain the third information.
  • the second information and the third information of the second link in each of the foregoing embodiments can be carried in various messages, which is beneficial to the first MLD or the second MLD to initiate a link switching request or link in a variety of scenarios.
  • the present application provides a multi-link device, which may include multiple functional modules for correspondingly executing the method provided in the first aspect, or the possible implementation of the first aspect Any one of the provided methods.
  • the present application provides a multi-link device, which may include multiple functional modules for correspondingly executing the method provided in the second aspect, or in the possible implementation manners of the second aspect Any one of the provided methods.
  • this application provides a multi-link device, which may include multiple functional modules for correspondingly executing the method provided in the third aspect, or the possible implementation of the third aspect Any one of the provided methods.
  • this application provides a multi-link device.
  • the multi-link device may include multiple functional modules for correspondingly executing the method provided in the fourth aspect or the possible implementation of the fourth aspect Any one of the provided methods.
  • this application provides a multi-link device for executing the link processing method described in the first aspect.
  • the multi-link device may include a memory, a processor coupled with the memory, and a transceiver, wherein the transceiver is used to communicate with other communication devices (such as a multi-link device).
  • the memory is used to store the implementation code of the link processing method described in the first aspect
  • the processor is used to execute the program code stored in the memory, that is, to execute the method provided in the first aspect, or possible in the first aspect The method provided by any one of the embodiments.
  • this application provides a multi-link device for executing the link processing method described in the second aspect.
  • the multi-link device may include a memory, a processor coupled with the memory, and a transceiver, wherein the transceiver is used to communicate with other communication devices (such as a multi-link device).
  • the memory is used to store the implementation code of the link processing method described in the second aspect
  • the processor is used to execute the program code stored in the memory, that is, to execute the method provided in the second aspect, or possible in the second aspect The method provided by any one of the embodiments.
  • this application provides a multi-link device for executing the link processing method described in the third aspect.
  • the multi-link device may include a memory, a processor coupled with the memory, and a transceiver, wherein the transceiver is used to communicate with other communication devices (such as a multi-link device).
  • the memory is used to store the implementation code of the link processing method described in the third aspect
  • the processor is used to execute the program code stored in the memory, that is, execute the method provided in the third aspect, or the third aspect may be possible The method provided by any one of the embodiments.
  • this application provides a multi-link device for executing the link processing method described in the fourth aspect.
  • the multi-link device may include a memory, a processor coupled with the memory, and a transceiver, wherein the transceiver is used to communicate with other communication devices (such as a multi-link device).
  • the memory is used to store the implementation code of the link processing method described in the fourth aspect
  • the processor is used to execute the program code stored in the memory, that is, to execute the method provided in the fourth aspect, or possible in the fourth aspect The method provided by any one of the embodiments.
  • the present application provides a chip system.
  • the chip system may include a processor and one or more interfaces coupled to the processor.
  • the processor can be used to call the link processing method provided in the first aspect or the implementation program of the link processing method provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect from the memory, and execute the link processing method.
  • the interface may be used to output the link processing result of the processor.
  • the present application provides a chip system.
  • the chip system may include a processor and one or more interfaces coupled to the processor.
  • the processor may be used to call the link processing method provided by the second aspect or the implementation program of the link processing method provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect from the memory, and execute the link processing method.
  • the interface may be used to output the link processing result of the processor.
  • the present application provides a chip system.
  • the chip system may include a processor and one or more interfaces coupled to the processor.
  • the processor can be used to call the link processing method provided by the third aspect or the implementation program of the link processing method provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the third aspect from the memory, and execute the link processing method.
  • the interface may be used to output the link processing result of the processor.
  • the present application provides a chip system.
  • the chip system may include a processor and one or more interfaces coupled to the processor.
  • the processor can be used to call the link processing method provided by the fourth aspect or the implementation program of the link processing method provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect from the memory, and execute the link processing method.
  • the interface may be used to output the link processing result of the processor.
  • this application provides a communication system, including a first multi-link device and a second multi-link device, wherein:
  • the first multi-link device can be used to execute the link processing method provided in the first aspect, or the link processing method provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect; the second multi-link device can be used to execute The link processing method provided in the second aspect, or the link processing method provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • this application provides a communication system, including a first multi-link device and a second multi-link device, wherein:
  • the first multi-link device can be used to execute the link processing method provided in the third aspect or the link processing method provided in any one of the possible implementation manners of the third aspect; the second multi-link device can be used to execute The link processing method provided by the fourth aspect, or the link processing method provided by any one of the possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores the link processing method provided in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • the program code of the link processing method is provided, and the program code contains an execution instruction for running the link processing method provided by the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores the link processing method provided in the second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the second aspect.
  • the program code of the link processing method is provided, and the program code contains an execution instruction for running the link processing method provided by the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the second aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores the method for implementing the link processing provided in the third aspect, or any one of the possible implementation manners of the third aspect
  • the program code of the provided link processing method contains the execution instruction of running the link processing method provided by the third aspect, or any one of the possible implementations of the third aspect .
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores the method for implementing the link processing provided in the fourth aspect, or any one of the possible implementation manners of the fourth aspect
  • the program code of the link processing method provided the program code contains the execution instruction of running the link processing method provided by the fourth aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the fourth aspect .
  • this application also provides a computer program product that includes a computer program, which when it runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the link processing method described in the first aspect or any one of the possibilities in the first aspect.
  • the link processing method provided by any one of the implementation manners.
  • this application also provides a computer program product including a computer program, which when it runs on a computer, enables the computer to execute the link processing method described in the second aspect or any of the possibilities in the second aspect.
  • the link processing method provided by any one of the implementation manners.
  • this application also provides a computer program product that includes a computer program, which when it runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the link processing method described in the third aspect or any of the possibilities in the third aspect.
  • the link processing method provided by any one of the implementation manners.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product including a computer program, which when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the link processing method described in the fourth aspect or any of the possibilities in the fourth aspect.
  • the link processing method provided by any one of the implementation manners.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic structural diagram of another communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a link association method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a link switching method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a link state transition method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a link processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of another link processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5C is a schematic diagram of yet another link processing method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a beacon frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-link probe response frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a link switching element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a link state transition element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-link device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another multi-link device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a link processing method based on the communication system shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, and the method can realize the rapid conversion of the link state or the rapid switching of the link.
  • the communication system 100 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B includes at least two multi-link devices (MLD); one of them is an access point (AP) multi-link device, and the other is a non-connected device. Take a non-access point (non-AP) multi-link device as an example.
  • Figure 1A takes the single-radio non-AP MLD and the multi-radio AP MLD as examples. At any time, only one link of the single-radio non-AP MLD can communicate with the AP MLD, and the other links are in the disabled state.
  • Figure 1B takes the multi-radio non-AP MLD and the multi-radio AP MLD as examples. At any time, the multi-radio non-AP MLD can have one or more links to communicate with the AP MLD.
  • non-AP MLD includes three STAs (such as STA1, STA2, STA3)
  • AP MLD includes three APs (such as AP1, AP2, AP3) as an example.
  • STA1 and AP1 can be associated with link (link) 1 communication; STA2 and AP2 can be associated with link2 communication; STA3 and AP3 can be associated with link3 communication, for example.
  • non-AP MLD and AP MLD related operations on link 1 can be performed by STA1 and AP1.
  • AP MLD sends the first information on link 1; non-AP MLD receives the first information on link 1 can be: "AP 1 sends the first information on link 1; STA1 receives the first information on link 1 The first information.
  • non-AP MLD and AP MLD on link 2 can be performed by STA2 and AP2; the related operations of non-AP MLD and AP MLD on link 3 can be performed by STA3, AP3 Corresponding execution.
  • the embodiments of this application respectively take non-AP MLD and AP MLD as the execution subject as examples for explanation.
  • the communication system 100 may be a wireless local area network (Wireless local area network, WLAN) or a cellular network, or other wireless communication systems that support multiple links for parallel transmission.
  • WLAN wireless local area network
  • the embodiments of this application mainly take the deployment of IEEE 802.11 networks as an example for description, and various aspects involved in this application can be extended to other networks that adopt various standards or protocols, for example, BLUETOOTH (Bluetooth), high-performance wireless LAN (high-performance wireless LAN).
  • radio LAN, HIPERLAN) (a wireless standard similar to the IEEE 802.1 1 standard, mainly used in Europe) and wide area network (WAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), personal area network (PAN) Or other networks now known or developed in the future. Therefore, regardless of the coverage and wireless access protocol used, the various aspects provided in this application can be applied to any suitable wireless network.
  • Multi-link devices refer to devices that can work in multiple frequency bands or multiple channels.
  • the frequency bands or channels that multi-link devices can work include but are not limited to: all of sub 1GHz, 2.4GHz, 5GHz, 6GHz and high frequency 60GHz Or part of it.
  • the AP MLD and non-AP MLD in Figure 1B can work at 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz, respectively.
  • the multi-channel can be channel division based on any frequency band, such as 160MHz channel, 80MHz channel, 40MHz channel and 20MHz channel in the 5GHz frequency band.
  • Multi-link devices can follow the 802.11 series of protocols to achieve wireless communication, for example, follow Extremely High Throughput (EHT) sites, or follow 802.11be-based or compatible 802.11be-supported sites to achieve communication with other devices.
  • EHT Extremely High Throughput
  • other devices may be multi-link devices or not multi-link devices.
  • the multi-link device includes one or more affiliated STAs (affiliated STA).
  • the affiliated STA is a logical station and can work on one link, or multiple logical stations work on the same link.
  • the subordinate station may be an access point (Access Point, AP) or a non-Access Point station (non-Access Point Station, non-AP STA).
  • this application refers to a multi-link device whose site is an AP can be called a multi-link AP or a multi-link AP device or an AP multi-link device (AP multi-link device) (as shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B) AP (MLD), the multi-link device whose station is non-AP STA can be called multi-link STA or multi-link STA device or STA multi-link device (STA multi-link device) or non-AP MLD (As shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, non-AP MLD).
  • AP multi-link device multi-link device
  • STA multi-link device STA multi-link device
  • non-AP MLD As shown in Figure 1A and Figure 1B, non-AP MLD.
  • multi-link device includes subordinate STA is also briefly described as “multi-link device includes STA” (as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B) or "multi-link device includes AP” in the embodiment of the present application.
  • multi-link devices are devices with wireless communication functions.
  • the device can be a complete device or installed in Chips or processing systems in the complete device, and devices with these chips or processing systems can implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application under the control of these chips or processing systems.
  • the multi-link device can be a multi-link device with a single antenna (or a single radio frequency module), or a multi-link device with multiple antennas (or multiple radio frequency modules). The number of antennas is not limited.
  • non-AP MLD (such as non-AP MLD in Figure 1A and Figure 1B) has a wireless transceiver function and can support the 802.11 series of protocols. It can communicate with AP MLD or other non-AP MLD or single-link devices. Communication.
  • a non-AP MLD can be any user communication device that allows users to communicate with APs and then with WLANs, such as, but not limited to, tablets, desktops, laptops, notebooks, and ultra-mobile personal computers (Ultra-mobile personal computers).
  • Non-AP MLD Personal Computer, UMPC), handheld computers, netbooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs), mobile phones and other user equipment that can be connected to the Internet, or Internet of Things nodes in the Internet of Things, or in-vehicle communication devices in the Internet of Vehicles.
  • the non-AP MLD may also be the chips and processing systems in the aforementioned terminals.
  • AP MLD (AP MLD in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B) is a device that provides services for non-AP MLD, and can support 802.11 series protocols.
  • AP MLD can be communication entities such as communication servers, routers, switches, bridges, or AP MLD can include various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, etc.
  • AP MLD can also be these various forms of equipment
  • the chip and processing system in this application implement the methods and functions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • multi-link devices can support high-speed and low-latency transmission.
  • multi-link devices can also be applied in more scenarios, such as sensor nodes in smart cities (for example, Smart water meters, smart electricity meters, smart air detection nodes), smart devices in smart homes (such as smart cameras, projectors, display screens, TVs, stereos, refrigerators, washing machines, etc.), nodes in the Internet of Things, entertainment terminals (such as AR, VR and other wearable devices), smart devices in smart offices (such as printers, projectors, etc.), connected vehicles in the Internet of Vehicles, and some infrastructure in daily life scenarios (such as vending machines, supermarkets, etc.) Self-service navigation station, self-service cash register equipment, self-service ordering machine, etc.).
  • the 802.11 protocol may be a protocol that supports 802.11be or is compatible with 802.11be.
  • the link identifier represents the link corresponding to a certain BSS working on a certain channel.
  • multiple link identifiers may be used to respectively characterize the link corresponding to each basic service set (BSS).
  • the link sometimes also refers to the AP or STA working on the link.
  • the link can be used to represent the STA on the link.
  • the operation of a multi-link device on a link It can also be referred to as the operation of the AP or STA of the link.
  • the non-AP MLD receives the first information of link 2 from link 1, which can also be called non-AP MLD.
  • STA1 receives the first information of link 2 from link 1.
  • the AP MLD side can be: AP MLD AP1 in link 1 sends the first information of link 2 on link 1.
  • AP MLD and non-AP MLD can determine the association relationship between multiple STAs of non-AP MLD and multiple APs of AP MLD through association operations.
  • non-AP MLD sends a multi-link association request (multi-link association request) frame on link 1.
  • the multi-link association request frame can also carry STA2 information and STA3 information.
  • the link 1 may be called a transmission link (transmitted link)
  • the link 2 and link 3 may be called a non-transmitted link (Non-transmitted Link).
  • AP MLD returns a multi-link association response (multi-link association response) frame on link 1.
  • This multi-link association response frame carries information such as the basic service set identifier (BSSID) of AP1. In addition, it can also carry AP2 information and AP3 information. Furthermore, non-AP MLD STA 1, STA 2, and STA 3 may establish associations with AP 1, AP 2, and AP 3 of AP MLD according to the multi-link association response frame. Thus, the corresponding association relationships as shown in FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B are obtained: (AP1, STA1), (AP2, STA2), and (AP3, STA3). Optionally, Figures 1A and 1B take these correspondences as examples. AP MLD can also establish other correspondences by changing the order of AP information carried, such as (AP1, STA2), (AP2, STA1) and ( AP3, STA3) etc.
  • FIG. 1A, FIG. 1B, FIG. 2 and other subsequent schematic diagrams taking the communication system 100 as an example, such as including an AP MLD and a non-AP MLD for illustration, are to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application , Does not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a communication system composed of a multi-link device MLD may also be: a communication system composed of AP MLD1 and AP MLD2, a communication system composed of non-AP MLD1 and non-AP MLD2, and so on.
  • AP MLD includes one or more APs (AP1, AP2...AP N), non-AP MLD includes one or more STAs (STA1, STA2...STA N), AP MLD and non-AP have multiple Link Link (Link1, Link2...Link N), where the communication link between AP1 and STA1 is Link1, the communication link between AP2 and STA2 is Link2, and the communication link between AP N and STA N Is Link N, and so on.
  • Link Link Link2
  • Single radio frequency multi-link equipment because it has a single radio frequency module, although it can work on different frequency bands or channels, it can only work on one frequency band or channel at any time.
  • RSSI received signal strength indicator, received signal strength indicator
  • a single-radio multi-link device can switch from one link to another, such as switching from a link deployed in the 5GHz frequency band to a link deployed in the The link on the 2.4GHz frequency band.
  • link 1 is in the enable state.
  • link 1 is switched from enable to disable
  • link 2 is switched from disable to enable
  • link 3 is always disabled during this process.
  • link2 since single-radio frequency multi-link devices switch between different frequency bands or channels and need to configure related working parameters of the radio frequency module, link2 switches from disable to enable, and there is a switch delay.
  • STA2 when link2 transmits data frames, STA2 also needs to obtain the relevant parameters configured by current AP2 for the BSS corresponding to link2.
  • STA2 obtains through the multi-link association response frame shown in Figure 2 that the parameters configured by AP2 for the BSS corresponding to link2 may be updated with the current BSS configuration parameters of AP2.
  • One or more of the parameters shown in Table 1 There are updates. Therefore, after link2 is switched from disable to enable, non-AP MLD also needs to correctly receive the beacon frame on link2.
  • This beacon frame carries the BSS parameters currently configured by AP2 for link2 in order to transmit data frame.
  • BSS Average Access Delay element BSS average access delay element
  • BSS Available Admission Capacity element BSS available access capacity element
  • BSS AC Access Delay element BSS access category access delay element
  • each radio frequency module in the multi-radio multi-link device does not need to reconfigure related working parameters, etc.
  • link2 is switched from the doze to the awake state, and there is no switch delay.
  • AP2 may update the BSS configuration parameters while STA2 is in the doze state, when STA2 switches from doze to awake state, it needs to correctly receive the beacon frame on link2.
  • the beacon frame carries AP2 corresponding to link2
  • the current parameters configured by the BSS can then transmit data frames.
  • the present application provides a link processing method.
  • the first MLD receives the first information of the second link from the first link, because the first information is used for the first link.
  • MLD determines whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, so the first MLD can directly transmit data frames on the second link when the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated, so as to realize the link of the second link. Fast switching of the road state or fast switching from the first link to the second link.
  • This application also provides a link processing method.
  • the second MLD determines whether the BSS configuration of the switched second link or the state-transitioned second link has been updated, and then the first link Send the updated parameters to the first MLD on the way, or inform the first MLD that there is no update.
  • the first MLD can directly transmit data frames without receiving a beacon frame on the second link after the switch or state transition, which reduces the amount of data frame transmission on the second link after the switch or state transition. The waiting time required.
  • one link processing method is to confirm whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated by the first MLD
  • the other link processing method is to confirm the second link stored in the first MLD by the second MLD. Does the BSS configuration need to be updated?
  • the above two link processing methods will be explained separately from the sixth part and the seventh part.
  • the implementation manners described in the embodiments of the present application may be applicable to single-radio multi-link devices and also applicable to multi-radio multi-link devices.
  • the first link is the link in the enabled state among the multiple links between the non-AP MLD and the AP MLD; the second link is the link in the disabled state among the multiple links
  • the link is in the state or doze state, and the second link is the link to which the non-AP MLD switches from the first link or the link to which the link state needs to be changed.
  • the first link is the link in the enable state among the multiple links
  • the second link is the link that is in the disable state and is switched among the multiple links.
  • the first link is the link in the enable, or the awake state, or the anchor link among the multiple links
  • the second link is the multiple link.
  • One of the links is in the disable state or the doze state, and the state of the second link needs to be switched from the disable/doze state to the enable/awake state.
  • the first link is in the disabled state, and the second link is in the enable state.
  • the second link is in the enable state, but the subsequent state of the first link is not limited, that is, the first link can be in the state according to the situation. disable/doze/enable/awake state.
  • the first information and the second information of the multiple links requiring state transition may be carried in one message, or may be carried in multiple same or different messages.
  • the first information of the second link is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated.
  • the first information is a serial number that identifies the BSS configuration of the second link newly configured by the second MLD, or an access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or a check beacon (check beacon) value.
  • API-CSN access point configuration serial number
  • check beacon check beacon
  • the second information of the second link is used by the second MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated.
  • the second information is the serial number that identifies the BSS configuration of the second link stored in the first MLD, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value.
  • the second information of the second link may be specifically used for the second MLD to determine the updated parameter of the BSS configuration of the second link.
  • the second information may be specifically used by the second MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated and the updated parameters.
  • the parameter updated for the BSS configuration of the second link described herein refers to the BSS configuration of the second link stored in the first MLD relative to the current BSS configuration of the second link in the second MLD, The parameters that need to be updated.
  • the parameter updated in the BSS configuration of the second link is whether the parameter of the BBS configuration of the second link after the second link is in disable/doze is updated relative to the parameter before the second link is in disable/doze . Therefore, the first information of the second link can be used to assist the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated. For example, the first MLD determines the basic service set of the second link according to the first information and the second information. Whether the service set BSS configuration has been updated.
  • the second information of the second link can be used to assist the second MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated.
  • the second MLD determines the basic service of the second link according to the first information and the second information Check whether the BSS configuration has been updated.
  • the third information is determined by the second MLD according to the second information of the second link and sent on the first link.
  • the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or updated parameters.
  • the third information may indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated; when the BSS configuration of the second link is updated, the third information includes the information of the second link. BSS configures the updated parameters.
  • the BSS configuration is used to indicate related parameters of the BSS, and the stations on the link must perform related operations in accordance with the configuration parameters of the BSS.
  • the updated parameters of the BSS configuration may include, but are not limited to, one or more of those shown in Table 1.
  • the BSS configuration of the second link in the first MLD is obtained when the first MLD performs channel detection or link association. Therefore, the BSS configuration of the second link in the first MLD can also be referred to as: The BSS configuration of the second link or the BSS configuration of the second link stored in the first MLD.
  • the BSS configuration of the second link in the second MLD may be referred to as: the current BSS configuration of the second link.
  • the link processing method described in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to, but not limited to, the communication systems shown in FIG. 1A to FIG.
  • the link to or state transition that is, link 1 is the enable state, link 2 is the doze/disable state, and link 2 needs to be transitioned from the doze/disable state to the awake/enable state.
  • the status of link 3 will not be discussed for now.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic flowchart of a link processing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the link processing method may include the following steps:
  • AP MLD determines the first information of link 2, and the first information is used for non-AP MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated;
  • the AP MLD sends the first information of link 2 on link 1;
  • the non-AP MLD receives the first information of link 2 in link 1, and if the BSS configuration of link 2 is not updated, the non-AP MLD performs step 104;
  • Non-AP MLD uses link 2 to transmit data frames.
  • step 101 may be an optional step.
  • the non-AP MLD is a single-link multi-link device, there is a switching delay before using link 2 to transmit data frames; when the non-AP MLD is a multi-link multi-link device, There is no such switching delay.
  • the used BSS configuration is the BSS configuration of the link 2 in the non-AP MLD.
  • the data frame may be an uplink data frame, a QoS NULL frame, or a link state notification frame.
  • the link state notification frame is used to indicate that the second link is already in the awake/enable state, thereby facilitating the second MLD to send downlink data frames on the second link in time.
  • the uplink data frame or the QoS NULL frame can also indicate that the second link is already in the awake/enable state.
  • non-AP MLD directly transmits data frames in the handover link 2, instead of receiving the beacon frame on link 2 after the handover or state transition.
  • the processing method shown in Figure 3 or Figure 4 is used to transmit the data frame, thereby reducing the waiting time required before the link2 transmits the data frame.
  • the non-AP MLD can switch to link 2 or change the state of link 2 to the awake/enable state according to the first information of link 2.
  • the BSS configuration of link 2 has an updated link processing method
  • step 104 if the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated, as shown in FIG. 5B, the link processing method is different from the link processing method shown in FIG. 5A in that the link processing method of link 2
  • the BSS configuration has been updated, you can perform the following steps:
  • the non-AP MLD sends second information to the AP MLD on link 2.
  • the second information is the serial number that identifies the BSS configuration of link 2 in the non-AP MLD, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), Or check the beacon value;
  • the AP MLD receives the second information, and sends the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of link 2 on link 2 according to the second information.
  • the second information in FIG. 5B may be carried in a unicast probe request frame on link 2, and the third information may be carried in a probe response frame on link 2.
  • the implementation can be as follows: non-AP MLD sends a unicast probe request frame to AP MLD on link 2, and the unicast probe request frame includes the second information; non-AP MLD on link 2, receives from AP
  • the MLD probe response frame, the probe response frame is a simplified probe response frame, which includes the parameters updated by the BSS configuration of link 2.
  • the parameters updated in the BSS configuration of the link 2 are determined by the AP MLD according to the second information.
  • AP MLD determines the current BSS configuration of link 2 (that is, the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to the first information) which parameters are updated relative to the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to the second information, and can change all updated parameters or updated parameters.
  • the key parameter is returned to the non-AP MLD in the probe response frame.
  • the non-AP MLD receives the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of link 2.
  • the link processing method may also include: the non-AP MLD updates the BSS configuration of link 2 in the non-AP MLD with the parameters updated by the BSS configuration of link 2, according to the updated BSS configuration of link 2, in link 2
  • the data frame is transmitted on.
  • non-AP MLD also correspondingly updates the serial number/AP-CSN/check beacon value of the BSS configuration that identifies the link 2.
  • step 104 may be: non-AP MLD uses the BSS configuration of link 2 in non-AP MLD to transmit data frames on link 2.
  • the non-AP MLD needs to send second information and receive the updated parameters of the BSS configuration of link 2 before transmitting data frames on link 2.
  • the first MLD has learned that the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated before sending the unicast probe frame. It is not necessary to send the unicast probe request frame because it does not know whether there is an update. Therefore, this embodiment reduces During link processing, the waiting time before data frame transmission.
  • the non-AP MLD can receive the beacon frame on link 2.
  • the BSS configuration parameters carried in the beacon frame will be used. Transmission of data frames. This embodiment is combined with FIG. 5A to avoid the problem of excessively long waiting time caused by having to wait for the beacon frame to be received before transmitting the data frame. Therefore, this embodiment can still reduce the waiting before transmitting the data frame on the link 2 duration.
  • step 103 how does the non-AP MLD determine whether the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated according to the first information, which can be: non-AP MLD determines whether the first information is consistent with the second information, and if they are consistent, it means link 2’s The BSS configuration is not updated; if it is inconsistent, it means that the BSS configuration of link 2 has been updated.
  • the first information is the sequence number or AP-CSN or check beacon value of the BSS configuration of the second link in the AP MLD.
  • the second information is the serial number or AP-CSN or check beacon value of the BSS configuration that identifies the second link in the non-AP MLD.
  • the first information is AP-CSN 1
  • the second information is AP-CSN 2; if AP-CSN 1 is equal to AP-CSN 2, then the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to AP-CSN 1 corresponds to AP-CSN 2
  • the BSS configuration of link 2 is not updated, that is, the BSS configuration of link 2 is not updated.
  • AP-CSN 1 is not equal to or greater than AP-CSN 2
  • the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to AP-CSN 1 is updated relative to the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to AP-CSN 2, that is, the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated .
  • the parameters updated by the BSS configuration of link 2 can be obtained through the above steps 105 to 107.
  • the second information of link 2 in non-AP MLD can be obtained and stored by non-AP MLD from beacon frames or probe response frames of link 1, or by non-AP MLD from Obtained and stored in the multi-link association response frame of link 1. Therefore, it is beneficial for the non-AP MLD to switch the link to link 2 or link 2 before the link state transition, the second information can be used to compare with the first information to determine whether the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated.
  • the beacon frame, probe response frame, or multi-link association response frame of link 1 not only carries the second information of link 2, but also other information of link 2 and other related information of other links.
  • the beacon frame, probe response frame, or multi-link association response frame of link 1 not only carries the second information of link 2, but also other information of link 2 and other related information of other links.
  • the second information takes AP-CSN as an example.
  • the beacon frame of this link 1 will carry one or more of the following information including but not limited to: Enable/disable status of each link, AP-CSN , Channel utilization (channel utilization) and number of sites, link ID (link ID), operating class (operating class), channel number (channel number), and basic service set identifier (BSSID) of the enabled link.
  • the Enable/disable state of each link is used to indicate whether the AP on each link in the AP MLD is turned on; the AP-CSN of each link is used to assist the non-AP MLD to perform the link switching or link in the above link processing State transition.
  • the channel utilization of the enabled link is used to select the link when non-AP MLD recommends link switching or requires link switching, or it is used when non-AP MLD initiates recommended link state transition or requires link state transition.
  • the suggested or required link is used to assist the non-AP MLD to evaluate the congestion degree of the AP based on the number of stations that the AP of the link has accessed.
  • the probe response frame may be a multi-link probe response (multi-link probe response) frame.
  • the multi-link probe response frame is similar to the Multi-link Association response frame.
  • the information of each link carried in the response frame is similar.
  • the information of the non-transmission link is different from the information of the transmission link. It is carried in a link-index element (link-index element).
  • link-index element As shown in FIG. 7, link 1 is a transmission link, so the link-index element of a non-transmission link does not contain link 1 information.
  • the link 7 carries the Enable/disable state of the link, AP-CSN, the channel utilization of the enabled link, the number of stations, and the link ID (link ID), In addition to the operating class (operating class), channel number (channel number), and basic service set identifier (BSSID), it can also carry a timestamp (timestamp), beacon interval (beacon Interval), and capability information indication (capability information).
  • timestamp timestamp
  • beacon interval beacon interval
  • capability information indication capability information
  • a multi-link probe request frame (multi-link probe request) or a multi-link association request frame can carry: the number of radio frequencies of the device and the link status.
  • the number of radio frequencies of the device is used to indicate whether the link shares a radio frequency with other links.
  • the link uses 1 bit to indicate whether the link shares a radio frequency with the previous link.
  • the previous link means that when multiple pieces of link information are indicated, the state of the previous link of the link can be disable or enable, and if it is enable, it can further indicate whether it is awake or doze state.
  • the correspondence between the order of the information of each link in the Multi-link Association request frame and the order of the information of each link in the Multi-link Association response frame can be used to determine the order of each link in the non-AP MLD STA and AP The association between each AP in the MLD. Therefore, the AP MLD can adjust the arrangement position or sequence of the information of each link in the Multi-link Association response frame, and change the association between each STA and each AP.
  • Non-transmitted link profile info does not need to carry the SSID element.
  • the first information of the second link may be through a link switch response message on the first link, or a cross-link information report (cross-link information report) message, or media access It is carried in a control (MAC control) frame or a TID-to-link mapping negotiation response (TID-to-link mapping negotiation response) message of the mapping relationship between the service identifier and the link.
  • the non-AP MLD can switch from link 1 to link 2 or link 2 according to the link switch response message, or cross-link info report message, or TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message. The state is converted to awake/enable state.
  • the non-AP MLD can return an acknowledgement (ACK) message to the AP MLD on link 1.
  • ACK acknowledgement
  • the link switch response message is returned by the AP MLD in response to the link switch request (link switch request) message from the non-AP MLD.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is returned by the AP MLD in response to the TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message sent by the non-AP MLD in response to the mapping relationship between the service identifier and the link.
  • the cross-link information report (cross-link info report) message may be returned by the AP MLD in response to the cross-link information request (cross-link info request) message sent by the non-AP MLD.
  • the non-AP MLD may first send the above request message to request link switching or link state conversion, and then perform steps 102 to 107. It can be seen that these request messages and response messages are beneficial for non-AP MLD to initiate link switching or link state transition requests in a variety of scenarios, and to transmit data frames on the link after the switching or state transition in time.
  • non-AP MLD can use the above link switch request message, cross-link info request message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message to initiate a request; AP MLD can use the corresponding link switch response message, cross -link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message response or response.
  • the different request methods for link switching determine the information carried in these request messages.
  • the different response methods also determine the information carried in these response messages.
  • these response messages At least the first information of the switched link is carried in.
  • the following optional request methods and response methods greatly improve the flexibility of link switching operations, and facilitate the adoption of corresponding request methods and response methods according to the needs of specific scenarios.
  • the link switch response message and the cross-link info report message carry information to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the link switch request initiated by the non-AP MLD.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the non-AP MLD-initiated mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link may actually be a link switching request, so the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the link switching request initiated by the non-AP MLD.
  • non-AP MLD request methods can include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: (1a) link switching is requested and the target link for switching is not provided; (2a) link switching is recommended and provided One or more handover target links; (3a) requires link switching and provides a handover target link and the handover target link does not accept modification.
  • AP MLD's response methods may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: (1b) Accept link switching and indicate a target link for switching; (2b) Replace the suggested or required switching The target link, that is, the target link that does not accept non-AP MLD's request for handover or the recommended handover, and one or more recommended target links are additionally provided; (3b) The target link that non-AP MLD requests for handover is not accepted It indicates a unique target link for handover, and means that non-AP MLD can only be handed over to this target link; (4b) Reject link switching, optionally, further indicate the reason for rejection.
  • the target link described in this part is the link to be switched to, that is, the second link in the foregoing embodiments, such as link 2.
  • the optional response methods include the response method (1b) and the response method (4b).
  • the optional response modes include response mode (1b), response mode (2b), response mode (3b), and response mode (4b).
  • the optional response modes include response mode (1b) and response mode (4b).
  • the message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may carry information to explain. That is, the link switch response message, cross-link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message not only carries the first information of link 2, but can also carry other information of link 2 or other link information.
  • Non-AP MLD optional request method AP MLD optional response method
  • the link switch request message, or cross-link info request message, or TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message can carry a link switch reason (reason code for link switch) indication for notification
  • the reason for the AP MLD link switchover may be poor received signal strength indicator (RSSI), or large delay, or request to change the mapping relationship between the service identifier and the link (TID-to-link mapping) , Or there is real-time business start, etc.
  • TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include but is not limited to the following: One or more kinds of information: status indication (status code), the link identifier of the target link to be switched to, and the first information.
  • status indicator is used to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the link switching request of the non-AP MLD.
  • TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message can further carry the link identifier of the target link to be switched to and the first information (such as AP-CSN ).
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following Types of information: status code of the rejection of the link switch request, and the reason for rejection.
  • the above-mentioned link switch request message, or cross-link info request message, or TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message can carry information including but not limited to the following information: link switching reason and a switching target The link ID of the link.
  • TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include but not limited to the following: One or more kinds of information: status indication (status code) and the first information of the requested target link.
  • the link switch response message returned by the AP MLD, or the cross-link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include but is not limited to one or more of the following Information: Provide the link identification of one or more additional target links that can be switched and related information about these target links.
  • the related information of these target links includes first information, link switching mode (Link Switch mode), link switching count or target switching time offset, link identification, channel utilization, and the number of STAs.
  • the non-AP MLD also needs to perform the operations of steps 104 to 107 in the above embodiment according to the first information.
  • the AP MLD can learn the non-AP MLD through the link of the non-AP MLD transmission data frame Finally, the target link for handover is selected. That is to say, in this implementation, the non-AP MLD decides which link to switch to which AP-MLD suggests, then the link switch response message, or the cross-link info report message, the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message It should include all suggested link information to assist non-AP MLD decision-making.
  • the link switching mode is used to indicate the transmission restriction before the link switching.
  • the link switching count is used to indicate the number of beacon frames sent before switching to a new link.
  • it means that the link switching occurs just before the next beacon frame transmission time; when it is set to 0, it means that the link switching occurs at any time after the frame containing this information is sent.
  • the offset of the target switching time needs to consider the sending time of the next beacon frame on the switched link.
  • the channel utilization rate and the number of STAs are used for non-AP MLD to understand the number of STAs connected to these target links and the channel conditions.
  • the link switch response message returned by the AP MLD, or the cross-link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include but is not limited to the following information: only one Link identification and related information of the target link that can only be switched.
  • the related information of the target link may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following information: first information, link switching mode (Link Switch mode), link switching count or target switching time offset, link identification, channel Utilization rate and number of STAs.
  • the link switch response message returned by the AP MLD, or the cross-link info report message, and the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: Types of information: status code for rejecting the link switch request, and the reason for rejection.
  • the link switch request message, or the cross-link info request message, or the TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message can carry the link switch reason (reason code for link switch) indication and the switch request message.
  • the link ID of the target link can carry the link switch reason (reason code for link switch) indication and the switch request message.
  • TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include but is not limited to the following: One or more kinds of information: the status code of receiving the link switching request and the link identification of the target link, the first information of the target link, the link switching mode, the link switching count, or the deviation of the target switching time Mobile, channel utilization and the number of STAs.
  • the link switch response message returned by the AP MLD, or the cross-link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message may include, but is not limited to, one or more of the following Types of information: status code of the rejection of the link switch request, and the reason for rejection.
  • non-AP MLD can use the above link switch request message, cross-link info request message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message to initiate a request; AP MLD can use the corresponding link switch response message, Cross-link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message response or response.
  • the implementation of the link switching method for non-AP MLD initiation and AP MLD response is the same as the above-mentioned point 3, the only difference is that the above-mentioned point 3 target link is the switched link.
  • the target link is The link of state transition, so the relevant content in this embodiment can be modified to “state transition” in Table 2 and related content above, as shown in Table 3. Among them, the information that may be carried in each request message and response message based on Table 3 can be referred to the related content of Table 2, which will not be described in detail here.
  • the link switch response message and the cross-link info report message carry information to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the state transition request initiated by the non-AP MLD.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the non-AP MLD-initiated mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link can actually be a link switching request, so the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the link status initiated by the non-AP MLD Conversion request.
  • Non-AP MLD optional request method AP MLD optional response method
  • the request message sent by AP MLD needs to carry the first information of the state transition link; accordingly, non-AP MLD can return a response message, which is used to indicate Whether the non-AP MLD accepts the request. If it is not accepted, the response message may carry the parameter of the reason for not accepting; if it is accepted, the response message may carry the link identifier of the accepted target link, or it may not carry and indicate the acceptance of the link state transition request. Can.
  • AP MLD uses TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message to initiate
  • non-AP MLD uses TID-to-link mapping negotiation response as an example to explain possible request methods, response methods, and possible information to be carried.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the non-AP MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link initiated by the AP MLD.
  • the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link can actually be a link state conversion request, so the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the non-AP MLD accepts the link initiated by the AP MLD State transition request.
  • AP MLD request methods can include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: (1a) suggest state transition, and suggest one or more target links for state transition; (2a) require state transition, It also requires one or more target links for state transitions, and does not accept target link changes.
  • non-AP MLD response methods can include, but are not limited to, one or more of the following: (1b) Accept all suggestions or target links that require state transitions to perform state transitions; (2b) Accept the proposed state transition targets One or more of the links perform state transition; (3b) State transition is rejected.
  • the reason for the rejection can be further indicated.
  • the target link described in this section is a link that changes from a link in the disable or doze state to the Enable or Awake state, that is, the second link in the foregoing embodiments, such as link 2.
  • the optional response methods include the response method (1b), the response method (2b), and the response method (3b).
  • the optional response modes include response mode (1b) and response mode (3b).
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation request frame can carry a reason code for link status switch indication and related information about one or more target links of the state transition.
  • the relevant information of the target link includes the first information (for example, the current AP-CSN of the target link), and may also include link identification, network allocation vector (NAV) information, channel utilization, and number of STAs. Number, link strategy.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response frame carries a status indicator.
  • the status indication is used to indicate that the non-AP MLD accepts the link state transition and the proposed or required state transition of the target link.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response frame carries the status indicator and the link identification of one or more target links.
  • the status indication is used to indicate that the non-AP MLD accepts the link state transition requested by the AP MLD; the link identifier of the one or more target links is selected by the non-AP MLD from the target links suggested by the AP MLD.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response frame For the response method (3b) corresponding to the request method (1a), the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response frame carries a status indicator. This status indication is used to indicate that the non-AP MLD does not accept the requested status transition. Further, the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response frame may also carry the reason for not accepting.
  • the request message sent by AP MLD needs to carry the first information about switching the link; accordingly, non-AP MLD can return a response message, which is used to indicate non-AP MLD.
  • -AP Whether MLD accepts the request. If it is not accepted, the response message may carry the parameter of the reason for not accepting; if it is accepted, the response message may carry the link identifier of the accepted target link, or it may not carry and indicate the acceptance of the link state transition request. Can.
  • non-AP MLD uses TID-to-link mapping negotiation response as an example, where TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate non-AP MLD Whether to accept the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link initiated by the AP MLD.
  • the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link can actually be a link switching request, so the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the non-AP MLD accepts the link switching initiated by the AP MLD ask.
  • the link switching method the implementation of the link state transition method of the point 5 AP MLD initiated and non-AP MLD response is the same.
  • the point 5 target link is the link of the state transition.
  • the target link is a switched link, so the relevant content in this embodiment can be modified to “switching” in Table 4 and related content, as shown in Table 5.
  • the information that may be carried in each request message and response message based on Table 5 can be referred to the related content of Table 4, which will not be described in detail here.
  • info report message and the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message can carry a newly defined link switch element.
  • the link switch element may include a link switch request (link switch request) field and a link switch type (link switch type) field.
  • the field identifier (element ID) is used to indicate a certain field
  • the length (Length) is used to indicate the length of the field.
  • the link switch request field is used to indicate whether the STA transmitting the link of the link switch element is the STA that requests the link switch or the STA that responds to the link switch.
  • the link switch type field is used to indicate one of the various request methods and response methods mentioned above.
  • a link switch type field of 0 to 2 indicates that the message carrying the link switch element is a link switching request message from the request mode (1a) to the request mode (3a); the link switch type field is 3 to 6
  • the message carrying the link switch element is a link switch response message in the above response mode (1b) to response mode (4b).
  • non-AP MLD and AP MLD can determine the information to be carried in the request and the information to be carried in the response according to the link switching element.
  • the above TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message and TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message can carry a newly defined link state transition Element (link status transition element).
  • the structure of the link status transition element is similar to that shown in FIG. 8, and may include a link status transition request (link status transition request) field and a link status transition type (link status transition type) field.
  • the link status transition request field is used to indicate whether the STA that transmits the link status transition element is the STA for the link state transition request or the STA for the link state transition response.
  • the link status transition type field is used to indicate one of the various request methods and response methods mentioned above.
  • the link status transition type field of 0 to 1 indicates that the message carrying the link status transition element is one of the above request methods (1a) to (2a); the link status transition type field of 2 to 4 indicates that it carries The message of the link status transition element is one of the above-mentioned response methods (1b) to (3b).
  • non-AP MLD and AP MLD can determine the information to be carried in the request and the information to be carried in the response according to the link state transition element.
  • the second MLD determines whether the BSS configuration of the switched second link or the state-transitioned second link has been updated, and then Send the updated parameters to the first MLD on the first link, or inform the first MLD that there is no update.
  • the first MLD can directly transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, without the first MLD needing to receive the beacon frame on the second link after the switch or state transition
  • the data frame can be transmitted only after the latest BSS configuration parameters are obtained. Therefore, this method reduces the waiting time required before the data frame transmission on the second link that is switched to or after state transition.
  • the first MLD takes non-AP MLD as an example
  • the second MLD takes AP MLD as an example
  • the multi-link between AP MLD and non-AP MLD includes the first link and the second link
  • link 1 and link 2 are examples, link 2 is the link that is switched from link 1 to or state transition, that is, link 1 is in the enable state, link 2 is in the doze/disable state, and link 2 needs to be in the doze/disable state. Switch to awake/enable state. The status of link 3 will not be discussed for now.
  • the link processing method may include the following steps:
  • the non-AP MLD sends the second information of link 2 on link 1, and the second information is used by the AP MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of link 2 has been updated;
  • the AP MLD receives the second information of link 2 on link 1;
  • AP MLD sends third information on link 1.
  • the third information is determined by AP MLD according to the second information, and the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of link 2 is not updated or updated parameters;
  • the non-AP MLD receives the third information on the link 1, and transmits a data frame on the link 2 according to the third information.
  • the non-AP MLD can directly transmit the data frame before receiving the beacon frame on the link 2 after the handover or state transition, which reduces the waiting time required before the link 2 transmits the data frame.
  • the third information when the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated, the third information includes the parameters updated by the BSS configuration of the second link; when the BSS configuration of link 2 is not updated, the third information may indicate the The BSS configuration is not updated.
  • non-AP MLD transmitting data frames on link 2 according to the third information may include: non-AP MLD updating non-AP with parameters updated by the BSS configuration of link 2
  • the BSS configuration of link 2 in MLD transmits data frames on link 2 according to the updated BSS configuration of link 2.
  • non-AP MLD also correspondingly updates the serial number/AP-CSN/check beacon value of the BSS configuration that identifies the link 2.
  • non-AP MLD uses the BSS configuration of link 2 in non-AP MLD to transmit data frames on link2.
  • the data frame may be an uplink data frame or a QoS NULL frame to inform the second MLD that the link 2 is in the awake/enable state.
  • the first MLD may also transmit a link state notification frame on link 2.
  • the link state notification frame is used to indicate that link 2 is in the awake/enable state, thereby facilitating timely transmission of the second MLD on link 2.
  • Downlink data frame is used to indicate that link 2 is in the awake/enable state, thereby facilitating timely transmission of the second MLD on link 2.
  • the second information of link 2 is the serial number that identifies the BSS configuration of the link 2 stored in the first MLD, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value.
  • the serial number of the BSS configuration that identifies link 2 in the second MLD, or the access point configuration serial number (AP-CSN), or the check beacon value is the first information.
  • the second MLD can compare whether the first information is consistent with the second information. If they are consistent, it means that the BSS configuration of link 2 has not been updated; if they are inconsistent, it means that the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated. This helps the AP MLD obtain whether the BSS configuration of link 2 has been updated according to the first information and the second information.
  • the first information of link 2 is the serial number of the current BSS configuration of link 2, AP-CSN or check beacon value
  • the second information is the serial number of the BSS configuration of link 2 obtained before non-AP MLD, AP-CSN or check beacon value. Therefore, if the latest update of link 2 or the current BSS configuration is not updated relative to the BSS configuration of link 2 obtained before non-AP MLD, the first information is equal to the second information; if there is an update, the first information is not equal to or Greater than the second information.
  • the first information of link 2 is AP-CSN 1, and the second information of link 2 is AP-CSN 2; if AP-CSN 1 is equal to AP-CSN 2, then the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to AP-CSN 1 is relative The BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to AP-CSN 2 is not updated, that is, the BSS configuration of link 2 is not updated. If AP-CSN 1 is not equal to or greater than AP-CSN 2, the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to AP-CSN 1 is updated relative to the BSS configuration of link 2 corresponding to AP-CSN 2, that is, the BSS configuration of link 2 is updated . Further, the parameters updated by the BSS configuration of link 2 can be obtained through the above-mentioned third information.
  • the second information of link 2 is obtained from a beacon frame or a multi-link detection response frame of link 1 when the non-AP MLD performs channel detection.
  • the second information of link 2 is obtained from the multi-link probe response frame of link 1 when the non-AP MLD performs link association.
  • the beacon frame, multi-link detection response frame, and multi-link association response frame of the above link 1 may carry information of multiple links or all links.
  • the information of each link includes the second information, and also includes, but is not limited to, one or more of the following: link status, channel utilization, and so on. This implementation manner is beneficial to the non-AP MLD when performing link switching or link state transition, to be able to select the switching link or the state transition link from the information based on this information.
  • the non-AP MLD can send a link switching request message, or a cross-link information report request message, or a service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame on link 1, to transfer the link
  • the second information of 2 is notified to the AP MLD. That is, the link switching request message, or the cross-link information report request message, or the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame, carries the second information of link 2.
  • non-AP MLD can receive link switch response message, or cross-link information report message, or media access control frame, or service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame on link 1, to obtain link 2 of the third information.
  • the first multi-link device receives the third information on link 1, including: non-AP MLD receives link switch response message on link 1, or cross-link information report message, or Medium access control frame, or service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame.
  • the link switching response message, the cross-link information report message, the media access control frame, and the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame carry the third information of link 2.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation request frame from non-AP MLD is to change the mapping relationship between the link and the service identifier when the non-AP MLD needs to change the mapping relationship between the link and the service identifier, and the link status of some links needs to be changed. It is sent when the state is changed from disable/doze to enable/awake.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame returned by the AP-MLD is used to indicate whether the AP-MLD accepts the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response frame includes the third information of link 2; if AP-MLD does not accept, then the service identifier and link mapping relationship negotiation response The frame does not include the third information of link 2.
  • the non-AP MLD can actively report the second information of the link to be switched to obtain the third information, which is beneficial to further shorten the waiting time required before the data frame is transmitted on the switched link.
  • non-AP MLD can carry other information besides sending the second information of link 2, and what the above AP MLD can carry besides returning the third information of link 2. other information.
  • non-AP MLD can use the above link switch request message, cross-link info request message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message to initiate a request; AP MLD can use the corresponding link switch response message, cross -link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message response or response.
  • the different request methods for link switching determine the information carried in these request messages.
  • the different response methods also determine the information carried in these response messages.
  • these request messages At least the second information of the switched link is carried in and the response message at least carries the third information of the switched link.
  • Various optional request methods and response methods greatly improve the flexibility of link switching operations, and facilitate the adoption of corresponding request methods and response methods according to the needs of specific scenarios.
  • the link switch response message and the cross-link info report message carry information to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the link switch request initiated by the non-AP MLD.
  • the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the non-AP MLD-initiated mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link.
  • the mapping configuration request between the service identifier and the link may actually be a link switching request, so the TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message is used to indicate whether the AP MLD accepts the link switching request initiated by the non-AP MLD.
  • the difference between the request message and the response message in this part and the third point of the sixth part is that the request message in this part carries at least the second information of the switched link, and the response message carries at least the switched link.
  • the third information of the link does not have to carry the first information of the switched link.
  • non-AP MLD can use the above link switch request message, cross-link info request message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation request message to initiate a request; AP MLD can use the corresponding link switch response message, Cross-link info report message, TID-to-link mapping negotiation response message response or response.
  • the implementation of the link switching method for non-AP MLD initiation and AP MLD response is the same as the above-mentioned point 1. The only difference is that the above-mentioned point 3 target link is the switched link. In this embodiment, the target link is The link of state transition, so the related content in this embodiment can be modified to “state transition” in the related content of point 1 of the seventh part above.
  • the difference between the request message and the response message in this part and the fourth point of the sixth part is that the request message in this part carries at least the second information of the switched link, and the response message carries at least The third information of the switched link does not have to carry the first information of the switched link.
  • the request message in this part carries at least the second information of the switched link
  • the response message carries at least The third information of the switched link does not have to carry the first information of the switched link.
  • each of the above embodiments has its own focus, and for an implementation that is not described in detail in one of the embodiments, reference may be made to the other embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the various embodiments described herein may be independent solutions, or may be combined according to internal logic, and these solutions all fall into the protection scope of the present application.
  • the various embodiments shown above can be combined with each other.
  • the link processing method described in point 1 of the sixth part above and the link processing method described in point 2 of the sixth part can be combined.
  • the methods described in point 1, point 2, and point 3 in the sixth part can be combined.
  • the methods described in point 1, point 2, and point 4 in the sixth part can be combined.
  • the methods described in point 1, point 2, and point 5 in the sixth part can be combined.
  • the methods described in point 1, point 2, and point 6 in the sixth part can be combined.
  • the link processing method shown in FIG. 9 in Part 7 may be combined with the method described in point 1 of Part 7.
  • the link processing method shown in FIG. 9 in Part 7 may be combined with the method described in point 2 of Part 7.
  • the above respectively introduces the link processing methods provided in the embodiments of the present application from the perspective of interaction between the first MLD and the second MLD, such as the interaction between non-AP MLD and AP MLD.
  • the above uses link 1 and link 2 as examples to illustrate the related operations of non-AP MLD and AP MLD before and after the switching between the two.
  • the operations of non-AP MLD and AP MLD on link 1 can be performed by STA1 corresponding to link 1, and AP1 corresponding to link 1.
  • non-AP MLD Operations with AP MLD on link 2 can be performed by STA2 corresponding to link 2 and AP2 corresponding to link 2 respectively.
  • the embodiments of the present application introduce the following multiple multi-link devices.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a multi-link device.
  • the multi-link device includes one or more stations. Take the first station and the second station as examples:
  • the first station receives first information of the second link on the first link, where the first information is used by the multi-link device to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the second station transmits the data frame on the second link after the handover or the link state conversion.
  • the multi-link device can learn whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link are updated, And when there is no update, the second station can directly transmit the data frame on the second link without waiting for the beacon frame after switching to the second link after the link state conversion, which shortens the switching to the second link. Or the length of time to wait before transmitting the data frame after the second link after the link state conversion.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiments of the present application has any function of the first MLD in the first aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, and any function of the non-AP MLD in the sixth part of the specific implementation manners. All technical details are acceptable. Reference is made to the content of the first aspect of the above-mentioned invention content and the sixth part of the specific implementation, and will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a multi-link device, the multi-link device includes one or more access points, taking the first access point and the second access point as examples:
  • the first access point determines the first information of the second link, and sends the first information of the second link on the first link.
  • the first information is used for non-AP MLD to determine the basic service set of the second link Whether the BSS configuration has been updated.
  • the first access point can notify the first station of the first information of the second link before the first link is switched to the second link or the second link performs the link state transition of the multi-link device. This facilitates the second station to determine whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link are updated. If the BSS configuration parameters of the second link are not updated, the second station can switch to the second link or perform link state conversion without waiting for the beacon frame to be directly connected to the second link. Uplink transmission of the data frame helps to save the time required to wait before the second link transmits the data frame.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiment of the present application has any function of the second MLD in each link processing method described in the second aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, or has the AP in each link processing method described in the sixth section above. Any function of MLD will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a multi-link device, and the multi-link device includes one or more stations. Taking the first station and the second station as examples,
  • the first station sends the second information of the second link on the first link on the first link, and the second information is used by the AP MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the first station receives the third information of the second link on the first link, the third information is determined by AP MLD according to the second information, and the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or The updated parameters;
  • the second station transmits the data frame on the second link according to the third information.
  • the second station can learn the third information, so that after switching to the second link, The data frame can be directly transmitted on the second link according to the third information without waiting for the beacon frame to be received, which is beneficial to save the time required to wait before the second link transmits the data frame.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiment of the present application has any function of the first MLD in the third aspect of the above-mentioned invention content, or any function of the non-AP MLD in the seventh part of the specific implementation manners, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a multi-link device.
  • the multi-link device includes one or more access points. Taking the first access point and the second access point as examples, the first access point is in the first access point.
  • the second information of the second link is received on the link, and the second information is used by the AP MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the first access point sends the third information of the second link on the first link.
  • the third information is determined by the AP MLD according to the second information.
  • the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not available.
  • the updated or updated parameter is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not available.
  • the first access point can inform the first station of the third information of the second link, This is beneficial for the second station to directly transmit data frames on the second link without waiting for the beacon frame to be received after switching to the second link based on the third information, which is beneficial to save the switch from the first link to the second link.
  • the waiting time before the second link transmits a data frame.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiment of the present application has any function of the second MLD in the fourth aspect of the above-mentioned invention content, or any function of the AP MLD in the seventh part of the specific implementation manners, which will not be repeated here.
  • the access point and the station may include a hardware structure and a software module, and the above functions are realized in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • One of the above-mentioned functions can be executed in a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • the multi-link devices described below can be AP MLD, non-AP MLD, chips, chip systems, or processors that support multi-link devices to implement the above methods, or multi-link devices.
  • the multi-link device can be used to implement the method described in the foregoing method embodiment. For details, please refer to the description in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-link device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the multi-link device may include one or more processors 1001.
  • the processor 1001 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor.
  • the processor 1001 may be used to control one or more access points, one or more access point chips, one or more sites, one or more site chips, etc. in a multi-link device, and execute software Programs, which process the data of software programs.
  • the multi-link device may include one or more memories 1002, on which instructions 1004 may be stored, and the instructions may be executed on the processor 1001, so that the multi-link device executes the foregoing method implementation The method described in the example.
  • the memory 1002 may also store data, such as storing the first information, the second information, or the third information in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the processor 1001 and the memory 1002 can be provided separately or integrated together.
  • the multi-link device may further include a transceiver 1005 and an antenna 1006.
  • the transceiver 1005 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., for implementing the transceiver function.
  • the transceiver 1005 may include a receiver and a transmitter.
  • the receiver may be referred to as a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., to implement a receiving function;
  • the transmitter may be referred to as a transmitter or a transmitting circuit, etc., to implement a transmitting function.
  • the transceiver 1005 is used to perform the receiving or sending operations in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the transceiver 1005 is configured to receive the first information of the second link on the first link;
  • the multi-link between the first MLD and the second MLD includes the first link and the second link;
  • the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated
  • the transceiver 1005 is further configured to, if the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated, transmit a data frame on the second link that is switched to or after the link state is converted.
  • the multi-link device can learn whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link have been updated, and when there is no update, the multi-link device can directly switch to the second link or after the link state conversion.
  • the data frame is transmitted, which shortens the waiting time before the data frame is transmitted on the second link that is switched to or after the link state transition.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiments of the present application has any function of the first MLD in the first aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, and any function of the non-AP MLD in the sixth part of the specific implementation manners. All technical details are acceptable. Reference is made to the content of the first aspect of the above-mentioned invention content and the sixth part of the specific implementation, and will not be repeated here.
  • the processor 1001 is configured to determine first information of the second link, where the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the transceiver 1005 is configured to send the first information of the second link on the first link;
  • the multi-link between the second MLD and the first MLD includes the first link and the second link;
  • the second link is a link switched from the first link or a link changed in link state.
  • this embodiment is helpful for the first MLD to confirm whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link are updated, and when there is no update, the first MLD can directly switch to the second link or after the link state conversion.
  • the data frame is transmitted, which shortens the waiting time before the data frame is transmitted on the second link that is switched to or after the link state transition.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiment of the present application has any function of the second MLD in each link processing method described in the second aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, or has the AP in each link processing method described in the sixth section above. Any function of MLD will not be repeated here.
  • the transceiver 1005 is configured to send second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the second MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the transceiver 1005 is configured to receive third information on the first link, and the third information is determined by the second MLD according to the second information.
  • the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or updated parameters. In this way, the first MLD can transmit data frames on the second link according to the third information.
  • the multi-link device can directly transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, which reduces the waiting time required before the second link after the switch or state transition transmits the data frame.
  • the transceiver 1005 is configured to receive second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the multi-link device to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link is updated;
  • the transceiver 1005 is configured to send third information on the first link, the third information is determined by the multi-link device according to the second information, and the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated Or the updated parameter.
  • the multi-link device can tell the non-AP MLD on the first link whether the BSS of the second link is updated or the updated parameters, therefore, the non-AP MLD is the first link after the handover or state transition.
  • the data frame can be directly transmitted on the second link without receiving the beacon frame, which reduces the waiting time required before the second link transmits the data frame after the switch or state transition.
  • the multi-link device may include a communication unit 1101 and a processing unit 1102.
  • the communication unit 1101 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit.
  • the sending unit is used to implement a sending function
  • the receiving unit is used to implement a receiving function
  • the communication unit 1101 may implement a sending function and/or a receiving function.
  • the communication unit can also be described as a transceiving unit.
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to receive the first information of the second link on the first link;
  • the multi-link between the first MLD and the second MLD includes the first link and the second link;
  • the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated
  • the communication unit 1101 is further configured to, if the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated, transmit a data frame on the second link that is switched to or after the link state is converted.
  • the multi-link device can learn whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link have been updated, and when there is no update, the multi-link device can directly switch to the second link or after the link state conversion.
  • the data frame is transmitted, which shortens the waiting time before the data frame is transmitted on the second link that is switched to or after the link state transition.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiments of the present application has any function of the first MLD in the first aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, and any function of the non-AP MLD in the sixth part of the specific implementation manners. All technical details are acceptable. Reference is made to the content of the first aspect of the above-mentioned invention content and the sixth part of the specific implementation, and will not be repeated here.
  • the processing unit 1102 is configured to determine first information of the second link, where the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to send the first information of the second link on the first link
  • the multi-link between the second MLD and the first MLD includes the first link and the second link;
  • the second link is a link switched from the first link or a link changed in link state.
  • this embodiment is helpful for the first MLD to confirm whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link are updated, and when there is no update, the first MLD can directly switch to the second link or after the link state conversion.
  • the data frame is transmitted, which shortens the waiting time before the data frame is transmitted on the second link that is switched to or after the link state transition.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiment of the present application has any function of the second MLD in each link processing method described in the second aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, or has the AP in each link processing method described in the sixth section above. Any function of MLD will not be repeated here.
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to send second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the second MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to receive third information on the first link, where the third information is determined by the second MLD according to the second information.
  • the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or updated parameters. In this way, the first MLD can transmit data frames on the second link according to the third information.
  • the multi-link device can directly transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, which reduces the waiting time required before the second link after the switch or state transition transmits the data frame.
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to receive second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the multi-link device to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the communication unit 1101 is configured to send third information on the first link, the third information is determined by the multi-link device according to the second information, and the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated Or the updated parameter.
  • the multi-link device can tell the non-AP MLD on the first link whether the BSS of the second link is updated or the updated parameters, therefore, the non-AP MLD is the first link after the handover or state transition.
  • the data frame can be directly transmitted on the second link without receiving the beacon frame, which reduces the waiting time required before the second link transmits the data frame after the switch or state transition.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip shown in FIG. 12 includes a processor 1201 and an interface 1202.
  • the number of processors 1201 may be one or more, and the number of interfaces 1202 may be more than one.
  • the interface 1202 is configured to receive first information of the second link on the first link
  • the multi-link between the first MLD and the second MLD includes the first link and the second link;
  • the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated
  • the interface 1202 is further configured to, if the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated, transmit data frames on the second link that is switched to or after the link state transition.
  • the multi-link device can learn whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link have been updated, and when there is no update, the multi-link device can directly switch to the second link or after the link state conversion.
  • the data frame is transmitted, which shortens the waiting time before the data frame is transmitted on the second link that is switched to or after the link state transition.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiments of the present application has any function of the first MLD in the first aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, and any function of the non-AP MLD in the sixth part of the specific implementation manners. All technical details are acceptable. Reference is made to the content of the first aspect of the above-mentioned invention content and the sixth part of the specific implementation, and will not be repeated here.
  • the processor 1201 is configured to determine first information of the second link, where the first information is used by the first MLD to determine whether the basic service set BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the interface 1202 is configured to send the first information of the second link on the first link
  • the multi-link between the second MLD and the first MLD includes the first link and the second link;
  • the second link is a link switched from the first link or a link changed in link state.
  • this embodiment is helpful for the first MLD to confirm whether the BSS configuration parameters of the second link are updated, and when there is no update, the first MLD can directly switch to the second link or after the link state conversion.
  • the data frame is transmitted, which shortens the waiting time before the data frame is transmitted on the second link that is switched to or after the link state transition.
  • the multi-link device described in the embodiment of the present application has any function of the second MLD in each link processing method described in the second aspect of the above-mentioned content of the invention, or has the AP in each link processing method described in the sixth section above. Any function of MLD will not be repeated here.
  • the interface 1202 is configured to send second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the second MLD to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the interface 1202 is configured to receive third information on the first link, where the third information is determined by the second MLD according to the second information.
  • the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or updated parameters. In this way, the first MLD can transmit data frames on the second link according to the third information.
  • the multi-link device can directly transmit data frames on the second link after the switch or state transition, which reduces the waiting time required before the second link after the switch or state transition transmits the data frame.
  • the interface 1202 is configured to receive second information of the second link on the first link, and the second information is used by the multi-link device to determine whether the BSS configuration of the second link has been updated;
  • the interface 1202 is configured to send third information on the first link, the third information is determined by the multilink device according to the second information, and the third information is used to indicate that the BSS configuration of the second link is not updated or The parameter being updated.
  • the multi-link device can tell the non-AP MLD on the first link whether the BSS of the second link is updated or the updated parameters, therefore, the non-AP MLD is the first link after the handover or state transition.
  • the data frame can be directly transmitted on the second link without receiving the beacon frame, which reduces the waiting time required before the second link transmits the data frame after the switch or state transition.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method can be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may also be electrical, mechanical or other forms of connection.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of this application is essentially or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium. It includes several instructions to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disks or optical disks and other media that can store program codes. .

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Abstract

本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及链路处理方法及设备。一种方法，第一MLD在第一链路上接收的第一信息，用于确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；若第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，不必在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上接收到信标帧，获得最新的BSS配置参数后才能传输数据帧，故该方法减少了数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。另一方法，第一MLD向第二MLD发送第二信息，以在第一链路上获得第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数或没有更新的消息，这样，第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上不必接收到信标帧就能直接传输数据帧，也减少了数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。

Description

链路处理方法、多链路设备及计算机可读存储介质
本申请要求于2020年4月18日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010308652.7、申请名称为“链路处理方法、多链路设备及计算机可读存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种链路处理方法、多链路设备及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
为了达到极高的吞吐率，无线局域网(Wireless Local Area Network，WLAN)的下一代标准，将多链路作为关键技术之一。多链路是指每个WLAN设备可支持在多频段发送和接收的能力，从而实现在更大的带宽上，提升吞吐率。其中，多频段包括但不限于：2.4GHz、5GHz以及6GHz等，多个频段上的接入和传输称为多链路。同时，将支持多链路的设备称为多链路设备。
其中，多链路设备包括多射频的多链路设备和单射频的多链路设备。多射频的多链路设备，具有多个射频模块，可分别工作在不同的频段或信道上，当各射频模块分别工作的信道间隔足够大，则链路之间可以相互不干扰，独立运行。多射频的多链路设备工作在节能模式下，没有数据传输的链路可使其处于休眠或非使能状态，对于有数据传输的链路可使其处于活跃或使能状态，即链路需要从休眠或非使能状态转换到活跃或使能状态。单射频的多链路设备，具有单个射频模块，虽然可工作在不同的频段或信道上，但任意时刻只能工作在一个频段上，即需要从一条链路切换到另一条链路。
针对链路状态转换的链路或所切换到的链路，为了传输数据帧还需在状态转换后的链路或所切换到的链路上接收到信标(beacon)帧，以获得该链路进行数据传输所需的最新的BSS配置。
可见，该过程会导致从确定链路状态转换或切换到链路后到能够传输数据帧之间所需的等待时间过长，也就是说，无法实现链路状态的快速转换或链路的快速切换。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种链路处理方法、多链路设备及计算机可读存储介质，能够实现链路状态的快速转换或链路的快速切换。
第一方面，本申请提供一种链路处理方法。该方法中，第一MLD与第二MLD之间的多链路可包括第一链路和第二链路。第一MLD可在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息，该第一信息用于第一MLD确定该第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；若该第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，第一MLD可在切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上传输数据帧，而不必在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上接收到信标帧，获得最新的BSS配置参数后才能传输数据帧，因此，该方法减少了切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上数据帧传输之前所需的 等待时长。
另外，针对需将第一链路上的数据帧切换到第二链路上的情况，该方法中，第一MLD在从第一链路切换到第二链路之前，就能获知第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，这样，第一MLD可在切换到的第二链路上直接传输该数据帧，而不必切换后还需等接收到信标帧获得最新的BSS配置才能传输数据帧，故该方法缩短了链路切换过程对数据帧传输的影响时长。针对需将第一链路上数据帧分流到第二链路上的情况，该方法中，第一MLD在第二链路的状态转换之前，就能获知第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，在状态转换后的第二链路上不用接收到信标帧即可直接传输数据帧，缩短了数据帧分流传输所需的时长。
其中，第一链路为处于使能状态的链路，第二链路为切换的链路或链路状态转换的链路。
可选的，该数据帧可以为上行数据帧、服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧或链路状态通知帧。该链路状态通知帧用于指示第二链路已处于苏醒(awake)或使能(enable)状态，从而有利于第二MLD及时在第二链路上发送下行数据帧。另外，上行数据帧、服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧也能够告知第二MLD，第二链路已处于awake或enable状态。
另一种可选的实施方式中，若所述第二链路的BSS配置有更新，所述方法还包括：所述第一MLD在所述第二链路上发送第二信息，所述第二信息为所述第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值；所述第一MLD在所述第二链路上接收所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数；所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是根据所述第二信息确定的。
可选的，所述第二链路的第二信息是在所述第二链路上的单播探测请求帧中携带以发送的；所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是在所述第二链路上接收的探测响应帧中携带的，所述探测响应帧是基于所述单播探测请求帧而返回的。即若所述第二链路的BSS配置有更新，第一MLD可通过第二链路上的单播探测请求帧、探测响应帧，获得第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数。其中，该单播探测请求帧中携带第二信息，该第二信息用于第二MLD确定该BSS配置所需更新的参数。一种实现方式为：第一MLD在第二链路上发送单播探测请求帧，该单播探测请求帧中包括第二信息；第一MLD在第二链路上接收第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数。其中，第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是第二MLD通过比较第二信息和第一信息获得的。
可见，该实施方式中，虽然第二链路的BSS配置有更新，第一MLD也可以通过一个单播探测请求帧、探测响应帧获取所更新部分的参数，而不必等接收到信标帧获得整个BSS配置才能传输数据帧，从而有利于降低数据帧传输之前所需等待的时长，并节省信令开销。另外，第一MLD已经获知第二链路的BSS配置有更新才发送单播探测帧，与第一MLD不知道是否有更新直接发送探测请求帧的方式相比，能够减少链路处理过程中，数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
可选的，所述第一信息为第二MLD中标识第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。第二信息为第一MLD中存储的(或记录的)标识第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。这样，第一MLD比较第一信息与第二信息是否一致，若一致， 则表示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新；若不一致，则表示第二链路的BSS配置有更新。从而有利于第一MLD及时在第二链路上传输数据帧。
也就是说，第一信息为第二链路的当前BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值，而第二信息为第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值。因此，若第二链路的当前BSS配置相对于第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，则第一信息等于第二信息；若有更新，则第一信息不等于或大于第二信息。
可选的，第二信息是第一MLD在进行信道探测时从第一链路的信标(beacon)帧或多链路探测响应帧中获得的，或者是在第一MLD进行链路关联时从第一链路的多链路关联响应帧中获得的。即所述第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、或所述多链路探测响应帧、或所述多链路关联响应帧中还携带所述第二链路的链路状态和信道利用率等其他的信息。
可选的，上述第一链路的beacon帧、多链路探测响应帧、或多链路关联响应帧中可携带多条链路或所有链路的信息。每条链路的信息除第二信息(如AP-CSN或check beacon值)外，还包括但不限于以下一种或多种：链路状态、信道利用率。从而有利于第一MLD在进行链路切换或链路状态转换时，能够根据这些信息从中选择切换的链路或状态转换的链路。
一种可选的实施方式中，第二链路的第一信息是在第一链路上接收的链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧、或信标帧、或数据帧的控制字段、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中携带的。一种实现方式，第一MLD在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息，包括：第一MLD在第一链路上接收链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧。链路切换响应消息、跨链路信息报告消息中、媒体接入控制帧中、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧中携带该第二链路的第一信息。
可选的，第一MLD可以先在第一链路上发送链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，以使得第二MLD通过上述响应消息返回第二链路的第一信息。可见，该实施方式中，第一MLD可主动请求要切换链路的第一信息以获知第二链路的BSS配置是否更新，有利于避免在切换后或状态转换后还需接收到信标帧才能传输数据帧的问题，减少了在切换后或状态转换后的链路上传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间。
其中，第一MLD发送的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧是在第一MLD需求更换链路与业务标识符之间的映射关系，进而需要将某些链路的链路状态从disable/doze转换到enable/awake状态的情况下发送的。相应地，第二MLD返回的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧还用于指示第二MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。若第二MLD接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧包括第二链路的第一信息；若第二MLD不接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧不包括第二链路的第一信息。
另一种可选的实施方式中，第二MLD需要更换链路与业务标识符之间的映射关系时，进而需要将某些链路的链路状态从disable/doze转换到enable/awake状态的情况，第二MLD也可向第一MLD发送业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，其可携带第二链路的第一 信息。进而，第一MLD可根据第二链路的第一信息，采用上述实施方式进行链路状态的转换，以节省数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
相应地，第一MLD向第二MLD返回的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧，用于指示第一MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。若第一MLD接受，该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧可携带确认接受的信息；若第一MLD不接受，该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧可协定拒绝接受的信息。
其中，第一MLD或第二MLD可根据需要确定转换链路状态的链路，进而确定该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中所携带的链路的数量。
可见，上述第二链路的第一信息在各种消息中携带的可选的实施方式，有利于第一MLD或第二MLD在各种场景中能够及时发起链路切换请求或链路状态转换请求，从而进一步的减少所切换的链路或状态转换的链路传输数据帧所需的等待时长。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种链路处理方法，该方面的链路处理方法与第一方面所述的链路处理方法相对应，该方面的链路处理方法是从第二MLD的角度进行阐述的。
该方法中，所述第二MLD与第一MLD之间的多链路包括第一链路和第二链路；第二链路为所述第一MLD从第一链路切换的链路或者为链路状态转换的链路。第二MLD确定第二链路的第一信息，该第一信息用于第一MLD确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；第二MLD在第一链路上，向第一MLD发送第二链路的第一信息。可选的，第二MLD可在第一MLD从第一链路切换到第二链路或第二链路的链路状态转换之前，将第二链路的第一信息发送给第一MLD。
可见，该方法有利于第一MLD根据该第一信息确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新，进而若第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，第一MLD可在切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，不需要在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上接收到信标帧，获得最新的BSS配置参数后才能传输数据帧，减少了切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
一种可选的实施方式中，第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，第二MLD就可以在第二链路上接收来自第一MLD的上行数据帧、或服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧、或链路状态通知帧。其中，链路状态通知帧用于指示第二链路已处于苏醒或使能状态，从而有利于第二MLD及时下发下行数据帧。
一种可选的实施方式中，第二链路的BSS配置有更新，第二MLD会在第二链路上接收来自第一MLD的第二信息；并根据第二信息确定第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数，并在第一链路上将第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数发送给第一MLD。
可选的，第一信息为第二MLD中标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。第二信息为第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。这样，第一MLD可比较第一信息与第二信息是否一致，若一致，则表示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新；若不一致，则表示第二链路的BSS配置有更新。从而有利于第一MLD及时在第二链路上传输数据帧。
也就是说，第一信息为第二链路的当前BSS配置的标识，而第二信息为第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置的标识。因此，若第二链路的最近更新或当前的BSS配置相对于第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，则第一信息等于第二信息；若有更新，则第一信息不等于或大于第二信息。
一种可选的实施方式中，第二链路的第二信息是在第二链路上接收的单播探测请求帧中携带的；第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是在第二链路上的探测响应帧中携带以发送的，所述探测响应帧是基于所述单播探测请求帧而发送的。即第二MLD在第二链路上接收第二信息，包括：第二MLD在第二链路上接收单播探测请求帧，该单播探测请求帧中包括第二链路的第二信息；第二MLD在第二链路上发送探测响应帧，该探测响应帧中包括所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数。其中，第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是第二MLD根据第二信息获得的。
可选的，发送给第二MLD的第二链路的第二信息是由第一MLD在信道探测或链路关联时，从第一链路上的信标(beacon)帧、多链路探测响应帧或多链路关联响应帧中获得。一种实现方式，第二MLD在第一链路上发送第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、多链路探测响应帧或多链路关联响应帧。该信标帧、所述多链路探测响应帧、或所述多链路关联响应帧中包括第二链路的第二信息。从而有利于第一MLD在第二链路上将该第二信息上报给第二MLD，以获得第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数。
可选的，第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、或多链路探测响应帧、或多链路关联响应帧中还携带第二链路的链路状态和信道利用率等信息。
一种可选的实施方式中，第二链路的第一信息是由第二MLD通过第一链路上的链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧、或信标帧、或数据帧的控制字段、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，发送给第一MLD的。即第二MLD在第一链路上发送第二链路的第一信息，包括：第二MLD在第一链路上发送链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧、或信标帧、或数据帧的控制字段、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧。该链路切换响应消息、跨链路信息报告消息中、媒体接入控制帧中、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧、或信标帧、或数据帧的控制字段、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中携带第二链路的第一信息。
可选的，第二MLD可以先在第一链路上接收来自第一MLD的链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，进而返回上述消息。可见，该实施方式中，第一MLD可主动请求要切换链路的第一信息以获知第二链路的BSS配置是否更新，有利于避免在切换后或状态转换后还需接收到信标帧才能传输数据帧的问题，减少了在切换后或状态转换后的链路上传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间。
其中，来自第一MLD的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧是在第一MLD需求更换链路与业务标识符之间的映射关系，进而需要将某些链路的链路状态从disable/doze转换到enable/awake状态的情况下发送的。相应地，第二MLD返回的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧，还用于指示第二MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。可选的，若第二MLD接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧包括第二链路的 第一信息；若第二MLD不接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧不包括第二链路的第一信息。
另一种可选的实施方式中，第二MLD需要更换链路与业务标识符之间的映射关系时，进而需要将某些链路的链路状态从disable/doze转换到enable/awake状态的情况，第二MLD也可向第一MLD发送业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，其可携带第二链路的第一信息。进而，第一MLD可根据第二链路的第一信息，采用上述实施方式进行链路状态的转换，以节省数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
相应地，第二MLD接收的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧，用于指示第一MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。可选的，若第一MLD接受，该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧可携带确认接受的信息；若第一MLD不接受，该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧可协定拒绝接受的信息。
上述两种实施方式中，第一MLD或第二MLD可根据需要更改链路状态的链路，确定该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中所携带的链路的数量。
可见，上述第二链路的第一信息在各种消息中携带的可选的实施方式，有利于第一MLD或第二MLD在各种场景中能够及时发起链路切换请求或链路状态转换请求，从而进一步的减少所切换的链路或状态转换的链路传输数据帧所需的等待时长。
第三方面，本申请还提供一种链路处理方法。该方法与第一方面所述的链路处理方法的不同之处在于，该方面中，由第二MLD确定所切换的第二链路或状态转换的第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新，进而在第一链路上就能将第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数发送给第一MLD，或第二链路的BSS配置没有更新告知第一MLD。这样，第一MLD在切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上可直接传输数据帧，而不必第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上还需接收到信标帧，获得最新的BSS配置参数后才能传输数据帧，减少了切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
另外，针对需将第一链路上的数据帧切换到第二链路上的情况，该方法中，第一MLD在从第一链路切换到第二链路之前，就能获知第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数，从而可在切换到的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，而不必切换后还需等接收到信标帧才能传输数据帧，有利于缩短链路切换过程对数据帧传输的影响时长。针对需将第一链路上数据帧分流到第二链路上的情况，该方法中，第一MLD在第二链路的状态转换之前，就能获知第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数，从而可在状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，而不必在状态转换后还需等接收到信标帧才能传输数据帧，缩短了数据帧分流传输所需的时长。
该方面的链路处理方法包括：第一MLD在第一链路上发送第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于第二MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；第一MLD在第一链路上接收第三信息，该第三信息是由第二MLD根据第二信息确定的。第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。这样，第一MLD可根据该第三信息在第二链路上直接传输数据帧。可见，第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上能直接传输数据帧，减少了在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间。
其中，当第二链路的BSS配置有更新时，该第三信息包括第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数；当第二链路的BSS配置没有更新时，该第三信息可指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新。
其中，该数据帧可以为上行数据帧或服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧，以将第二链路已处于awake/enable状态告知给第二MLD。可选的，第一MLD还可以在第二链路上传输链路状态通知帧，该链路状态通知帧用于指示第二链路已处于awake/enable状态，从而有利于第二MLD在第二链路上及时发送下行数据帧。
第二信息为第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。第二MLD中标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值为第一信息。这样，第二MLD可比较第一信息与第二信息是否一致，若一致，则表示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新；若不一致，则表示第二链路的BSS配置有更新。从而有利于第二MLD根据第一信息和第二信息获得第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新。
也就是说，第一信息为第二链路的当前BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值，而第二信息为第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值。因此，若第二链路的最近更新或当前的BSS配置相对于第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，则第一信息等于第二信息；若有更新，则第一信息不等于或大于第二信息。
可选的，第二信息是在第一MLD进行信道探测时从第一链路的信标(beacon)帧或多链路探测响应帧中获得的。或者，第二信息是在第一MLD进行链路关联时从第一链路的多链路探测响应帧中获得的。
可选的，上述第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、多链路探测响应帧、多链路关联响应帧中可携带多条链路或所有链路的信息。每条链路的信息包括第二信息，还包括但不限于以下一种或多种：链路状态、信道利用率等。该实施方式有利于第一MLD在进行链路切换或链路状态转换时，能够根据这些信息从中选择切换的链路或状态转换的链路。
一种可选的实施方式中，第一MLD可以在第一链路上发送链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，以将第二链路的第二信息告知给第二MLD。也就是说，该链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中，携带第二链路的第二信息。
相应地，第一MLD可以在第一链路上接收链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧，以获得第二链路的第三信息。一种实现方式中，第一多链路设备(MLD)在第一链路上接收第三信息，包括：第一MLD在第一链路上接收链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧。该链路切换响应消息、跨链路信息报告消息、媒体接入控制帧中、业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧中，携带第二链路的第三信息。
其中，来自第一MLD的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧是在第一MLD需求更换链路与业务标识符之间的映射关系，进而需要将某些链路的链路状态从disable/doze转换 到enable/awake状态的情况下发送的。相应地，第二MLD返回的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧用于指示第二MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。可选的，若第二MLD接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧包括第二链路的第三信息；若第二MLD不接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧不包括第二链路的第三信息。
可见，该实施方式中，第一MLD可主动上报要切换链路的第二信息，以获得第三信息，有利于避免在链路切换或状态转换后还需接收到信标帧才能传输数据帧的问题，减少了在切换到的链路上传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
第四方面，本申请还提供一种链路处理方法。该方法与第三方面所述的链路处理方法相对应，该方面是从第二MLD的角度进行阐述的。该方面中，由第二MLD确定所切换的第二链路或状态转换的第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新，进而在第一链路上将所更新的参数发送给第一MLD，或告知第一MLD没有更新。这样，第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上就能直接传输数据帧，而不需在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上接收到信标帧，获得最新的BSS配置参数后才能传输数据帧，减少了切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
另外，针对需将第一链路上的数据帧切换到第二链路上的情况，该方法中，第一MLD在从第一链路切换到第二链路之前，就能获知第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数，从而可在切换到的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，而不必切换后等接收到信标帧才能传输数据帧，缩短了链路切换过程对数据帧传输的影响时长。针对需将第一链路上数据帧分流到第二链路上的情况，该方法中，第一MLD在第二链路的状态转换之前，就能获知第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数，从而可在状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，而不必在状态转换后还需等接收到信标帧才能传输数据帧，缩短了数据帧分流传输所需的时长。
该方面的链路处理方法包括：第二MLD在第一链路接收第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于第二MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；第二MLD在第一链路上发送第三信息，该第三信息是由第二MLD根据第二信息确定的，第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。
其中，当第二链路的BSS配置有更新时，该第三信息中包括第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数；当第二链路的BSS配置没有更新时，该第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新。
可见，由于第二MLD可在第一链路上将第二链路的BSS是否更新或所更新的参数告诉第一MLD，因此，第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上不用接收到信标帧就能直接传输数据帧，减少了切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
可选的，第二MLD在第一链路上发送第三信息之后，还可以在第二链路上接收数据帧，该数据帧包括上行数据帧、服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧或链路状态通知帧。该链路状态通知帧用于指示第二链路已处于awake/enable状态，从而有利于第二MLD在第二链路上 及时发送下行数据帧。
第二信息为第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。第二MLD中标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值为第一信息。这样，第二MLD可比较第一信息与第二信息是否一致，若一致，则表示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新；若不一致，则表示第二链路的BSS配置有更新。从而有利于第二MLD根据第一信息和第二信息获得第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新。
也就是说，第一信息为第二链路的当前BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值，而第二信息为第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值。因此，若第二链路的最近更新或当前的BSS配置相对于第一MLD之前获得的第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，则第一信息等于第二信息；若有更新，则第一信息不等于或大于第二信息。
可选的，第二信息是第一MLD进行信道探测时从第一链路的信标(beacon)帧或多链路探测响应帧中获得的；或者，第二信息是在第一MLD进行链路关联时从第一链路的多链路探测响应帧中获得的。
可选的，上述第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、多链路探测响应帧、多链路关联响应帧中可携带多条链路或所有链路的信息。每条链路的信息包括第二信息外，还包括但不限于以下一种或多种：链路状态、信道利用率等。该实施方式有利于第一MLD在进行链路切换或链路状态转换时，能够根据这些信息从中选择切换的链路或状态转换的链路。
一种可选的实施方式中，第二MLD可以在第一链路上接收来自第一MLD的链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，以获得第二链路的第二信息。也就是说，该链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中，携带第二链路的第二信息。
相应地，第二MLD可以在第一链路上发送链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧，以将第二链路的第三信息发送给第一MLD。即链路切换响应消息、跨链路信息报告消息、媒体接入控制帧中、业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧中，携带第二链路的第三信息。
其中，来自第一MLD的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧是在第一MLD需求更换链路与业务标识符之间的映射关系，进而需要将某些链路的链路状态从disable/doze转换到enable/awake状态的情况下发送的。相应地，第二MLD返回的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧用于指示第二MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。可选的，若第二MLD接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧包括第二链路的第三信息；若第二MLD不接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧不包括第二链路的第三信息。
可见，该实施方式中，第一MLD可主动上报要切换链路或状态转换链路的第二信息，以获得第三信息。
可见，上述各实施方式中第二链路的第二信息、第三信息可在各种消息中携带，有利于第一MLD或第二MLD在各种场景中能够及时发起链路切换请求或链路状态转换请求， 从而进一步的减少所切换的链路或状态转换的链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
第五方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，该多链路设备可包括多个功能模块，用于相应的执行第一方面所提供的方法，或者第一方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第六方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，该多链路设备可包括多个功能模块，用于相应的执行第二方面所提供的方法，或者第二方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，该多链路设备可包括多个功能模块，用于相应的执行第三方面所提供的方法，或者第三方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，该多链路设备可包括多个功能模块，用于相应的执行第四方面所提供的方法，或者第四方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第九方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，用于执行第一方面描述的链路处理方法。所述多链路设备可包括：存储器以及与所述存储器耦合的处理器、收发器，其中：所述收发器用于与其他通信设备(如多链路设备)通信。所述存储器用于存储第一方面描述的链路处理方法的实现代码，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序代码，即执行第一方面所提供的方法，或者第一方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第十方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，用于执行第二方面描述的链路处理方法。所述多链路设备可包括：存储器以及与所述存储器耦合的处理器、收发器，其中：所述收发器用于与其他通信设备(如多链路设备)通信。所述存储器用于存储第二方面描述的链路处理方法的实现代码，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序代码，即执行第二方面所提供的方法，或者第二方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，用于执行第三方面描述的链路处理方法。所述多链路设备可包括：存储器以及与所述存储器耦合的处理器、收发器，其中：所述收发器用于与其他通信设备(如多链路设备)通信。所述存储器用于存储第三方面描述的链路处理方法的实现代码，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序代码，即执行第三方面所提供的方法，或者第三方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第十二方面，本申请提供了一种多链路设备，用于执行第四方面描述的链路处理方法。所述多链路设备可包括：存储器以及与所述存储器耦合的处理器、收发器，其中：所述收发器用于与其他通信设备(如多链路设备)通信。所述存储器用于存储第四方面描述的链路处理方法的实现代码，所述处理器用于执行所述存储器中存储的程序代码，即执行第四方面所提供的方法，或者第四方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的方法。
第十三方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统可包括：处理器，以及耦合于所述处理器的一个或多个接口。其中，所述处理器可用于从存储器中调用第一方面所提供 的链路处理方法，或者第一方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的实现程序，并执行该程序包含的指令。所述接口可用于输出所述处理器的链路处理结果。
第十四方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统可包括：处理器，以及耦合于所述处理器的一个或多个接口。其中，所述处理器可用于从存储器中调用第二方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第二方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的实现程序，并执行该程序包含的指令。所述接口可用于输出所述处理器的链路处理结果。
第十五方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统可包括：处理器，以及耦合于所述处理器的一个或多个接口。其中，所述处理器可用于从存储器中调用第三方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第三方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的实现程序，并执行该程序包含的指令。所述接口可用于输出所述处理器的链路处理结果。
第十六方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统可包括：处理器，以及耦合于所述处理器的一个或多个接口。其中，所述处理器可用于从存储器中调用第四方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第四方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的实现程序，并执行该程序包含的指令。所述接口可用于输出所述处理器的链路处理结果。
第十七方面，本申请提供了一种通信系统，包括第一多链路设备和第二多链路设备，其中：
第一多链路设备可用于执行第一方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第一方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法；第二多链路设备可用于执行第二方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第二方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法。
第十八方面，本申请提供了一种通信系统，包括第一多链路设备和第二多链路设备，其中：
第一多链路设备可用于执行第三方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第三方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法；第二多链路设备可用于执行第四方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第四方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法。
第十九方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有实现第一方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第一方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的程序代码，该程序代码包含运行第一方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第一方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的执行指令。
第二十方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有实现第二方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第二方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的程序代码，该程序代码包含运行第二方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第二方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的执行指令。
第二十一方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有实现第三方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第三方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的程序代码，该程序代码包含运行第三方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第三方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的执行指令。
第二十二方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述可读存储介质上存储有实现第四方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第四方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的程序代码，该程序代码包含运行第四方面所提供的链路处理方法，或者第四方面可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法的执行指令。
第二十三方面，本申请还提供了一种包括计算机程序的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面所述的链路处理方法或者第一方面任一可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法。
第二十四方面，本申请还提供了一种包括计算机程序的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面所述的链路处理方法或者第二方面任一可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法。
第二十五方面，本申请还提供了一种包括计算机程序的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第三方面所述的链路处理方法或者第三方面任一可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法。
第二十六方面，本申请还提供了一种包括计算机程序的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第四方面所述的链路处理方法或者第四方面任一可能的实施方式中的任意一种所提供的链路处理方法。
附图说明
图1A是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图1B是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的一种链路关联方法的示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的一种链路切换方法的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种链路状态转换方法的示意图；
图5A是本申请实施例提供的一种链路处理方法的示意图；
图5B是本申请实施例提供的另一种链路处理方法的示意图；
图5C是本申请实施例提供的又一种链路处理方法的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种信标帧的结构示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的一种多链路探测响应帧的结构示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种链路切换元素的结构示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种链路状态转换元素的结构示意图；
图10是本申请实施例提供的一种多链路设备的结构示意图；
图11是本申请实施例提供的另一种多链路设备的结构示意图；
图12是本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例基于图1A和图1B所示的通信系统提供了链路处理方法，该方法能够实 现链路状态的快速转换或链路的快速切换。图1A和图1B所示的通信系统100至少包括两个多链路设备(multi-link device，MLD)；其中以一个是接入点(access point，AP)多链路设备，另一个是非接入点(non-access point，non-AP)多链路设备为例。
图1A以单射频的non-AP MLD和多射频的AP MLD为例，在任意时刻，单射频的non-AP MLD只有一条link能与AP MLD进行通信，其他link处于disable状态。图1B以多射频的non-AP MLD和多射频的AP MLD为例，在任意时刻，多射频的non-AP MLD可以有一条或多条link与AP MLD进行通信。图1A和图1B中，non-AP MLD以包括三个STA(如STA1、STA2、STA3)，AP MLD以包括三个AP(如AP1、AP2、AP3)为例。其中，STA1与AP1可以关联，可采用链路(link)1通信；STA2与AP2关联，可采用link2通信；STA3与AP3关联，可采用link3通信为例。另外，non-AP MLD与AP MLD在link 1上的相关操作，可以由STA1、AP1对应执行。比如，“AP MLD在link 1上发送第一信息；non-AP MLD在link 1上接收第一信息”，可以为：“AP 1在link 1上发送第一信息；STA1在link 1上接收该第一信息。相应地，non-AP MLD与AP MLD在link 2上的相关操作，可以由STA2、AP2对应执行；non-AP MLD与AP MLD在link 3上的相关操作，可以由STA3、AP3对应执行。为阐述方便，本申请实施例分别以non-AP MLD、AP MLD作为执行主体为例进行阐述。
一、通信系统
本申请实施例中，通信系统100可以为无线局域网(Wireless local area network，WLAN)或蜂窝网，或其他支持多条链路并行进行传输的无线通信系统。本申请实施例主要以部署IEEE 802.11的网络为例进行说明，而本申请涉及的各个方面可以扩展到采用各种标准或协议的其它网络，例如，BLUETOOTH(蓝牙)，高性能无线LAN(high performance radio LAN，HIPERLAN)(一种与IEEE 802.1 1标准类似的无线标准，主要在欧洲使用)以及广域网(WAN)、无线局域网(wireless local area network,WLAN)、个人区域网(personal area network,PAN)或其它现在已知或以后发展起来的网络。因此，无论使用的覆盖范围和无线接入协议如何，本申请提供的各种方面可以适用于任何合适的无线网络。
二、多链路设备
多链路设备是指能够工作在多频段或多信道的设备，例如，多链路设备可以工作的频段或信道可以包括但不限于：sub 1GHz，2.4GHz，5GHz，6GHz以及高频60GHz的全部或一部分。如图1B中的AP MLD、non-AP MLD可分别工作在2.4GHz，5GHz，6GHz。其中，多信道可以为基于任意频段做的信道划分，如在5GHz频段处的160MHz信道、80MHz信道、40MHz信道以及20MHz信道等。多链路设备可以遵循802.11系列协议实现无线通信，例如，遵循极高吞吐率(Extremely High Throughput，EHT)站点，或遵循基于802.11be或兼容支持802.11be的站点，实现与其他设备的通信。其中，其他设备可以是多链路设备，也可以不是多链路设备。
多链路设备包括一个或多个隶属的站点STA(affiliated STA)，隶属的STA是一个逻辑上的站点，可以工作在一条链路上，或者多个逻辑站点工作在同一条链路上。其中，隶属的站点可以为接入点(Access Point，AP)或非接入点站点(non-Access Point Station,non-AP STA)。为描述方便，本申请将隶属的站点为AP的多链路设备可以称为多链路AP或多链 路AP设备或AP多链路设备(AP multi-link device)(如图1A、图1B中的AP MLD)，隶属的站点为non-AP STA的多链路设备可以称为多链路STA或多链路STA设备或STA多链路设备(STA multi-link device)或non-AP MLD(如图1A、图1B中的non-AP MLD)。为描述方便，“多链路设备包括隶属STA”在本申请实施例中也简要描述为“多链路设备包括STA”(如图1A、图1B中)或“多链路设备包括AP”。
本申请实施例中，多链路设备(如图1A、图1B中的AP MLD、non-AP MLD)为具有无线通信功能的装置，该装置可以为一个整机的设备，还可以是安装在整机设备中的芯片或处理系统等，安装这些芯片或处理系统的设备可以在这些芯片或处理系统的控制下，实现本申请实施例的方法和功能。例如，多链路设备可以是单个天线(或单射频模块)的多链路设备，也可以是多天线(或多射频模块)的多链路设备，本申请实施例对于多链路设备包括的天线的数目并不进行限定。
本申请实施例中，non-AP MLD(如图1A、图1B中的non-AP MLD)具有无线收发功能，可以支持802.11系列协议，与AP MLD或其他non-AP MLD或单链路设备进行通信。例如，non-AP MLD可以是允许用户与AP通信进而与WLAN通信的任何用户通信设备，如包括但不限于，平板电脑、桌面型、膝上型、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(Ultra-mobile Personal Computer，UMPC)、手持计算机、上网本、个人数字助理(Personal Digital Assistant，PDA)、手机等可以联网的用户设备，或物联网中的物联网节点，或车联网中的车载通信装置等。可选的，non-AP MLD还可以为上述这些终端中的芯片和处理系统。
本申请实施例中，AP MLD(如图1A、图1B中的AP MLD)是为non-AP MLD提供服务的装置，可以支持802.11系列协议。例如，AP MLD可以为通信服务器、路由器、交换机、网桥等通信实体，或，AP MLD可以包括各种形式的宏基站，微基站，中继站等，当然AP MLD还可以为这些各种形式的设备中的芯片和处理系统，从而实现本申请实施例的方法和功能。
并且，多链路设备可以支持高速率低时延的传输，随着无线局域网应用场景的不断演进，多链路设备还可以应用于更多场景中，比如为智慧城市中的传感器节点(比如，智能水表，智能电表，智能空气检测节点)，智慧家居中的智能设备(比如智能摄像头，投影仪，显示屏，电视机，音响，电冰箱，洗衣机等)，物联网中的节点，娱乐终端(比如AR，VR等可穿戴设备)，智能办公中智能设备(比如，打印机，投影仪等)，车联网中的车联网设备，日常生活场景中的一些基础设施(比如自动售货机，商超的自助导航台，自助收银设备，自助点餐机等)。本申请实施例中对于AP MLD和non-AP MLD的具体形式不做特殊限制，在此仅是示例性说明。其中，802.11协议可以为支持802.11be或兼容802.11be的协议。
三、链路标识
本申请实施例中，链路标识表征的是工作在某个信道上的某个BSS所对应的链路，。可选地，若一个信道上存在多个基本服务集，则可以采用多个链路标识分别表征每个基本服务集(basic service set，BSS)所对应的链路。
链路有时也表示工作在该条链路上的AP或STA，为便于阐述，本文有些地方可以以链路表示该链路上的STA，相应地，多链路设备在一条链路上的操作也可以称为该链路的 AP或STA的操作。non-AP MLD从link 1上接收link 2的第一信息，也可以称为non-AP MLD中的STA1从link 1上接收link 2的第一信息；相应地，AP MLD侧可以为：AP MLD中的AP1在link 1上发送link 2的第一信息。
其中，AP MLD与non-AP MLD可以通过关联操作来确定non-AP MLD的多个STAs与AP MLD的多个APs之间的关联关系。例如，图2中，non-AP MLD在link 1上发送一个多链路关联请求(multi-link association request)帧；该multi-link association request帧中除了携带STA1的能力等信息外，还可以携带STA2的信息以及STA3的信息。其中，该link1可以称为传输链路(Transmitted Link)，link 2和Link 3称为非传输链路(Non-transmitted Link)。相应地，AP MLD在link 1上返回一个多链路关联响应(multi-link association response)帧；该multi-link association response帧除了携带AP1的基本服务集标识(basic service set identifier,BSSID)等信息外，还可以携带AP2的信息以及AP3的信息。进而，non-AP MLD的STA 1，STA 2和STA 3可以根据multi-link association response帧，分别与AP MLD的AP 1，AP 2和AP 3建立起关联。从而，获得如图1A、图1B所示对应的关联关系：(AP1，STA1)、(AP2，STA2)以及(AP3，STA3)。可选的，图1A、图1B是以这些对应关系为例，AP MLD还可以通过改变携带的AP信息的顺序建立其他对应的关联关系，如(AP1，STA2)、(AP2，STA1)以及(AP3，STA3)等。
另外，图1A、图1B、图2以及后续的其他示意图，以通信系统100为例，如包括一个AP MLD和一个non-AP MLD进行阐述，是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着通信系统的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。例如，多链路设备MLD组成的通信系统还可以为：AP MLD1和AP MLD2组成的通信系统，non-AP MLD1和non-AP MLD2组成的通信系统，等等。再例如，AP MLD包括一个或多个AP(AP1，AP2……AP N)，non-AP MLD包括一个或多个STA(STA1，STA2……STA N)，AP MLD和non-AP存在多个链路Link(Link1，Link2……Link N)，其中，AP1与STA1之间的通信链路为Link1，AP2与STA2之间的通信链路为Link2，AP N与STA N之间的通信链路为Link N，等等。
四、链路切换、链路状态转换以及所要解决的问题
单射频的多链路设备，由于具有单个射频模块，虽然可工作在不同的频段或信道上，但任意时刻只能工作在一个频段或信道上，因此，当某条链路因为移动而导致链路RSSI(receive signal strength indicator，接收信号强度指示)变差时，单射频的多链路设备可以从一条链路切换到另一条链路，如从部署在5GHz频段上的链路切换到部署在2.4GHz频段上的链路。如图3所示，假设non-AP MLD为单射频的多链路设备，link 1处于enable状态，若想通过link 2传输数据帧，那么，non-AP MLD就需要从link1切换到link2，相应地，link 1从enable切换到disable，link2从disable切换到enable，link3在这个过程中始终处于disable。其中，由于单射频的多链路设备是在不同的频段或者信道间进行切换，需要配置射频模块的相关工作参数，故link2从disable切换到enable，存在一个切换时延(switch delay)。另外，由于link2传输数据帧时，STA2还需要获得当前AP2为link2所对应的BSS所配置的相关参数。比如，STA2通过图2所示的multi-link association response帧获得AP2为link2 所对应的BSS所配置的参数可能与AP2当前的BSS配置参数存在更新，如表1所示的参数中的一个或多个存在更新，因此，non-AP MLD在link2从disable切换到enable之后，还需要正确接收到link2上的信标(beacon)帧，该beacon帧携带AP2当前为link2配置的BSS参数，才能传输数据帧。
表1BSS配置的部分参数
Quiet element静默元素
BSS Load element BSS负载元素
BSS Average Access Delay element BSS平均接入时延元素
BSS Available Admission Capacity element BSS可用接入容量元素
BSS AC Access Delay element BSS接入类别接入时延元素
Time Advertisement element时间宣告元素
beacon Timing element信标定时元素
AP-CSN element AP配置序列号元素
对于多射频的多链路设备，当数据量比较少或者没有时延敏感业务的情况下，为了减少能耗，可以让其中一部分链路处于休眠(doze)或非使能(disable)状态，而当数据量较大或者存在实时性业务时，再将处于休眠(doze)或非使能(disable)状态的链路重新开启，使其处于唤醒(awake)或使能(enable)状态。例如，图4所示，假设non-AP MLD102为多射频的多链路设备，link 1处于enable状态，link 2、link 3处于doze状态。若link 2上需要传输数据帧，那么，non-AP MLD就需要将link2从doze切换到awake状态。其中，由于多射频的多链路设备中各射频模块不需要重新配置工作的相关参数等，故link2从doze切换到awake状态，不存在切换时延(switch delay)。由于AP2可能会在STA2处于doze状态期间更新了BSS配置参数，当STA2从doze切换到awake状态之后，需要正确接收到link2上的信标(beacon)帧，该beacon帧携带AP2为link2所对应的BSS所配置的当前参数，进而才能传输数据帧。
可见，无论是多射频的多链路设备中的链路状态转换，或单射频的多链路设备中的链路切换，为了传输数据帧还需在状态转换后的链路或所切换到的链路上接收到信标(beacon)帧，获得第二链路的当前BSS配置，从而导致状态转换的链路或切换到的链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间过长，也就是说，无法实现链路状态的快速转换或链路的快速切换。
为了解决该问题，本申请提供一种链路处理方法，该链路处理方法中，第一MLD从第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息，由于该第一信息用于第一MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新，故第一MLD可在第二链路的BSS配置没有更新时，直接在第二链路上传输数据帧，从而能够实现第二链路的链路状态的快速转换或第一链路到第二链路的快速切换。
本申请还提供一种链路处理方法，该链路处理方法中，由第二MLD确定所切换的第二链路或状态转换的第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新，进而在第一链路上将所更新的参数发送给第一MLD，或告知第一MLD没有更新。这样，第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上可不用接收到信标帧就能直接传输数据帧，减少了切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
也就是说，一种链路处理方法是由第一MLD确认第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新，另一种链路处理方法是由第二MLD确认第一MLD中存储的第二链路的BSS配置是否需要更新。后续从第六部分和第七部分分别对上述两种链路处理方法进行阐述。本申请实施例所述的各实施方式若无特殊说明，可适用于单射频的多链路设备，也适用于多射频的多链路设备。
五、本申请的相关概念
为了便于理解本申请实施例，先对一些概念或名词进行解释。
第一链路为non-AP MLD与AP MLD之间的多条链路中处于使能(enable)状态的链路；第二链路为该多条链路中的处于非使能(disable)状态或休眠(doze)状态的链路，且第二链路为non-AP MLD从第一链路切换到的链路或需转换链路状态的链路。
对于单射频的non-AP MLD，第一链路为该多条链路中处于enable状态的链路，第二链路为该多条链路中处于disable状态且为所切换的链路。对于多射频的non-AP MLD，第一链路为该多条链路中处于enable的链路、或处于awake状态的链路、或锚定(anchor)链路；第二链路为该多条链路中的处于disable状态或者doze状态的链路，并且第二链路的状态需从disable/doze切换到enable/awake状态。
其中，对于单射频的non-AP MLD，第一链路切换到第二链路后，第一链路处于disable状态，第二链路处于enable状态。对于多射频的non-AP MLD，第一链路切换到第二链路后，第二链路处于enable状态，但第一链路后续的状态不做限定，即第一链路可根据情形处于disable/doze/enable/awake状态。可选的，对于多射频的non-AP MLD，可以存在多条需状态转换的链路，针对每条链路的处理方法与第二链路的链路状态转换方法相同。可选的，该多条需状态转换的链路的第一信息、第二信息可在一条消息中携带，也可以在多条相同或不同的消息中携带。
第二链路的第一信息用于第一MLD确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新。可选的，该第一信息为标识所述第二MLD最新配置的所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。
第二链路的第二信息用于第二MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新。第二信息为所述第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。
可选的，在下文第六部分所述的链路处理方法中，第二链路的第二信息具体可用于第二MLD确定所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数。在上述第二部分所述的链路处理方法中，第二信息具体可用于第二MLD确定所述第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新以及所更新的参数。
其中，本文所述的第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数，是指第一MLD中存储的第二链路的BSS配置相对于第二MLD中第二链路的当前BSS配置而言，所需更新的参数。或者，第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数，是第二链路的BBS配置在第二链路处于disable/doze之后的参数相对于第二链路处于disable/doze之前的参数是否有更新。故第二链路的第一信息可用于辅助第一MLD确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新，比如，第一MLD根据第一信息和第二信息确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更 新。第二链路的第二信息可用于辅助第二MLD确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新，比如，第二MLD根据第一信息和第二信息确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新。
在下文第七部分所述的方法中，第三信息是由第二MLD根据第二链路的第二信息确定并在第一链路上发送的。第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。在第二链路的BSS配置没有更新时，该第三信息可指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新；在第二链路的BSS配置有更新时，该第三信息包括第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数。
BSS配置用于指示该BSS的相关参数，该链路上的站点必须按照BSS的配置参数进行相关操作。BSS配置所更新的参数可包括但不限于上述表1所示的一个或多个。第一MLD中第二链路的BSS配置是在第一MLD进行信道探测或链路关联时获得的，故该第一MLD中第二链路的BSS配置也可以称为：第一MLD中初始的第二链路的BSS配置或第一MLD中已存储的第二链路的BSS配置。相应地，第二MLD中第二链路的BSS配置可以称为：该第二链路的当前BSS配置。
本申请实施例所述的链路处理方法可应用于但不限于上述图1A至图4所示的通信系统中，其中，为阐述方便，第一MLD以non-AP MLD为例，第二MLD以AP MLD为例，并且AP MLD与non-AP MLD之间的多链路包括的第一链路和第二链路，可分别以link 1和link 2为例，link 2为从link 1切换到或状态转换的链路，即以link 1为enable状态，link2为doze/disable状态，link 2需要从doze/disable状态转换到awake/enable状态。link 3的状态暂不讨论。
六、一种链路处理方法
1、link 2的BSS配置没有更新的链路处理方法
请参阅图5A，图5A是本申请实施例提供的一种链路处理方法的流程示意图。该链路处理方法可以包括以下步骤：
101、AP MLD确定link 2的第一信息，第一信息用于non-AP MLD确定link 2的BSS配置是否有更新；
102、AP MLD在link 1上发送link 2的第一信息；
103、non-AP MLD在link 1接收link 2的第一信息，若link 2的BSS配置没有更新，non-AP MLD执行步骤104；
104、non-AP MLD利用link 2传输数据帧。
其中，步骤101可以为可选的步骤。可选的，该non-AP MLD为单链路的多链路设备时，利用link 2传输数据帧之前，还存在一个切换延迟；该non-AP MLD为多链路的多链路设备时，不存在该切换延迟。另外，步骤104中，non-AP MLD利用link 2传输数据帧时，所使用的BSS配置为non-AP MLD中该link 2的BSS配置。
该数据帧可以为上行数据帧或服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧或链链路状态通知帧。其中，该链路状态通知帧用于指示第二链路已处于awake/enable状态，从而有利于第二MLD及时在第二链路上发送下行数据帧。可选的，上行数据帧或服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧也能够指示第二链路已处于awake/enable状态。
可见，如图5A所示，由于link 2的BSS配置没有更新，non-AP MLD在切换的link 2 直接传输数据帧，而不必在切换后或状态转换后接收到link 2上的信标帧才能传输数据帧，如图3或图4所示的处理方法，从而减少了该link2传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
可选的，步骤103之后，non-AP MLD可根据link 2的第一信息，切换到link 2上或将link 2的状态转换为awake/enable状态。
2、link 2的BSS配置有更新的链路处理方法
一种实施方式中，步骤104中，若link 2的BSS配置有更新，如图5B所示，该链路处理方法相比于图5A所示的链路处理方法不同之处在于，link 2的BSS配置有更新，可以执行以下步骤：
105、non-AP MLD在link 2上向AP MLD发送第二信息，第二信息为标识non-AP MLD中link 2的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值；
106、AP MLD接收该第二信息，并根据第二信息在link 2上发送link 2的BSS配置所更新的参数。
如图5C所示，图5B中的第二信息可以在link 2上的单播探测请求(probe request)帧中携带，第三信息可以在link 2上的探测响应(probe response)帧中携带。实现方式可为：non-AP MLD在link 2上，向AP MLD发送单播探测请求帧，该单播探测请求帧中包括所述第二信息；non-AP MLD在link 2上，接收来自AP MLD的探测响应帧，所述探测响应帧为精简的探测响应帧，其中包括link 2的BSS配置所更新的参数。该link 2的BSS配置所更新的参数是AP MLD根据第二信息确定的。
例如，AP MLD确定link 2的当前BSS配置(即第一信息对应的link 2的BSS配置)相对于第二信息对应的link 2的BSS配置更新了哪些参数，可将所有更新的参数或更新的关键参数在探测响应帧，返回给non-AP MLD。
107、non-AP MLD接收link 2的BSS配置所更新的参数。
进一步的，该链路处理方法还可以包括：non-AP MLD利用link 2的BSS配置所更新的参数更新non-AP MLD中link 2的BSS配置，根据更新后的link 2的BSS配置，在link2上传输数据帧。其中，non-AP MLD还对应更新标识该link 2的BSS配置的序列号/AP-CSN/check beacon值。
相应地，当link 2的BSS配置没有更新时，步骤104可以为：non-AP MLD利用non-AP MLD中link 2的BSS配置，在link2上传输数据帧。
可见，若link 2的BSS配置有更新，如图5B所示，non-AP MLD需要发送第二信息，接收link 2的BSS配置所更新的参数，进而才能在link 2上传输数据帧。该实施方式中，第一MLD已经获知第二链路的BSS配置有更新才发送单播探测帧，而不必因不知道是否有更新均需发送单播探测请求帧，因此，该实施方式减少了链路处理过程中，数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
另一种实施方式中，若link 2的BSS配置有更新，non-AP MLD可以在link 2上接收到信标帧，当正确收到信标帧后按照信标帧中携带的BSS配置参数来传输数据帧。该实施方式与图5A相结合，避免了必须等待接收到信标帧才传输数据帧所导致等待时长过长的问题，因此，该实施方式依旧可以减少link 2上传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
其中，步骤103中non-AP MLD根据第一信息如何确定link 2的BSS配置是否有更新，可以为：non-AP MLD确定第一信息与第二信息是否一致，若一致，则表示link 2的BSS配置没有更新；若不一致，则表示link 2的BSS配置有更新。第一信息为AP MLD中标识第二链路的BSS配置的序列号或AP-CSN或check beacon值。第二信息为non-AP MLD中标识第二链路的BSS配置的序列号或AP-CSN或check beacon值。
例如，第一信息为AP-CSN 1，第二信息为AP-CSN 2；若AP-CSN 1等于AP-CSN 2，则AP-CSN 1对应的link 2的BSS配置相对于AP-CSN 2对应的link 2的BSS配置没有更新，即link 2的BSS配置没有更新。若AP-CSN 1不等于或大于AP-CSN 2，则AP-CSN 1对应的link 2的BSS配置相对于AP-CSN 2对应的link 2的BSS配置有更新，即link 2的BSS配置有更新。进一步的，link 2的BSS配置有更新所更新的参数可通过上述步骤105至107获得。
本申请实施例中，non-AP MLD中link 2的第二信息可以由non-AP MLD从link 1的信标(beacon)帧或探测响应帧中获取并存储，或者，由non-AP MLD从link 1的多链路关联响应帧中获取并存储。从而有利于non-AP MLD将链路切换到link 2或link 2的链路状态转换之前，即可利用该第二信息与第一信息进行上述比较，以确定link 2的BSS配置是否有更新。
其中，该link 1的信标(beacon)帧、探测响应帧或多链路关联响应帧中除了携带link2的第二信息，还会携带link2的其他信息，以及其他link的相关信息。以下分别进行阐述。
例如，如图6所示，第二信息以AP-CSN为例，该link 1的beacon帧中会携带包括但不限于以下一种或多种信息：各link的Enable/disable状态、AP-CSN、处于enable的链路的信道利用率(channel utilization)以及站点数、链路标识(link ID)、操作类别(operating class)、信道编号(channel number)、基本服务集标识(BSSID)。其中，各link的Enable/disable状态用于指示AP MLD中各链路上的AP是否开启；各link的AP-CSN用于辅助non-AP MLD进行上述链路处理中的链路切换或链路状态转换。处于enable的链路的信道利用率用于non-AP MLD建议链路切换或要求链路切换时选择链路，或者用于non-AP MLD发起建议链路状态转换或要求链路状态转换时选择所建议或要求的链路。处于enable的链路的站点个数，用于辅助non-AP MLD根据链路的AP已经接入的站点的数量，评估该AP的拥塞程度。
探测响应帧可以为多链路的探测响应(multi-link probe response)帧。multi-link probe response帧与Multi-link Association response帧携带的各链路的信息的指示方式类似，比如，非传输链路的信息与传输链路的信息不同的元素会在各非传输链路的链路索引元素(link-index element)中携带。例如，如图7所示，link 1为传输链路，故非传输链路的链路索引元素(link-index element)中没有link 1的信息。相应地，图7所示的link-index element除携带link的Enable/disable状态、AP-CSN、处于enable的链路的信道利用率(channel utilization)以及站点数、链路标识(link ID)、操作类别(operating class)、信道编号(channel number)、基本服务集标识(BSSID)外，还可以携带时间戳(timestamp)、信标间隔(beacon Interval)、能力信息指示(capability information)。
可选的，多链路的探测请求帧(multi-link probe request)或Multi-link Association request 帧可以携带：设备的射频个数、链路状态。其中，设备的射频个数用于指示该链路是否与其他链路共用一个射频。例如，该链路采用1比特，指示该链路是否与前一条链路共用一个射频。其中，前一条链路是指在指示多条link信息时该link的前面一条link链路状态可以为disable或者Enable，其中，若是enable，可以进一步指示是awake还是doze状态。
可选的，Multi-link Association request帧中各链路的信息的排列顺序与Multi-link Association response帧中各链路的信息的排列顺序之间的对应关系，可用于确定non-AP MLD中各STA与AP MLD中各AP之间的关联情况。因此，AP MLD可调整Multi-link Association response帧中各链路的信息的排列位置或顺序，改变各STA与各AP之间的关联情况。
多链路聚合存在一种可能：只允许属于相同的服务集标识(service set identifier，SSID)的BSS之间进行聚合，即一个业务标识符(traffic identifier，TID)的数据包允许通过多条链路传输，即可将某个TID映射到多条链路上。所以在图7所示的Multi-link Association Request中，非传输链路简要信息(Non-transmitted link profile info)中不需要携带SSID element。
步骤102中，第二链路的第一信息可以通过第一链路上的链路切换响应(link switch response)消息、或跨链路信息报告(cross-link info report)消息、或媒体接入控制(MAC control)帧、或业务标识符到链路的映射关系的协商响应(TID-to-link mapping negotiation response)消息中携带。可选的，步骤103之后，non-AP MLD可根据link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、或TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息，从link 1切换到link 2上或将link 2的状态转换为awake/enable状态。
可选的，non-AP MLD接收到cross-link info report消息后，可在link 1上向AP MLD返回确认(ACK)消息。可选的，跨链路信息(cross-link info)在MAC control帧中的A－控制(control)字段中携带时，non-AP MLD接收到MAC control帧后，可无需返回确认(ACK)消息。
其中，link switch response消息是AP MLD响应来自non-AP MLD的链路切换请求(link switch request)消息而返回的。其中，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息是AP MLD响应non-AP MLD发送的业务标识符到链路的映射关系的协商请求(TID-to-link mapping negotiation request)消息而返回的。可选的，跨链路信息报告(cross-link info report)消息可以是AP MLD响应non-AP MLD发送的跨链路信息请求(cross-link info request)消息而返回的。从而有利于在link 1的链路质量下降时，或需要获知cross-link info以辅助链路切换时，由non-AP MLD或non-AP MLD中的STA发起链路切换请求或跨链路信息请求。也就是说，步骤101之前，non-AP MLD可先发送上述请求消息，以请求进行链路切换或链路状态转换，进而执行步骤102至107。可见，这些请求消息、响应消息有利于non-AP MLD在多种场景中都可发起链路切换或链路状态转换的请求，并及时在切换后或状态转换后的链路上传输数据帧。
3、由non-AP MLD发起，AP MLD响应的链路切换方法
该链路切换方法中，non-AP MLD可利用上述link switch request消息、cross-link info request消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息发起请求；AP MLD可利用对应的 link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息响应或应答。其中，链路切换的请求方式不同，决定这些请求消息中所携带的信息，相应地，应答方式的不同，也决定了这些响应消息中所携带的信息，但结合上述各实施方式，这些响应消息中至少携带所切换的链路的第一信息。而以下各种可选的请求方式、应答方式大大改善了链路切换操作的灵活性，便于根据具体场景的需求，采用相应的请求方式和应答方式。
其中，link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息通过携带的信息，用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的链路切换请求。其中，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。其中，业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求实际可为链路切换请求，故TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的链路切换请求。
如表2所示，non-AP MLD的请求方式可包括但不限于以下一种或多种：(1a)请求链路切换且没有提供切换的目标链路；(2a)建议链路切换并提供一条或多条切换的目标链路；(3a)要求链路切换并提供一条切换的目标链路且切换的目标链路不接受修改。相应地，AP MLD的应答方式可包括但不限于以下一种或多种：(1b)接受链路切换，并指示一条切换的目标链路；(2b)更换所建议的或所要求的切换的目标链路，即不接受non-AP MLD所请求切换或建议切换的目标链路，并额外提供建议的一条或多条目标链路；(3b)不接受non-AP MLD所请求切换的目标链路，并指示一条唯一的切换的目标链路，且表示non-AP MLD只能切换到该目标链路上；(4b)拒绝链路切换，可选的，可进一步指示拒绝的原因。其中，该部分所述的目标链路是要切换到的链路，即上述各实施例中的第二链路，如link 2。
其中，如表2所示，针对请求方式(1a)，可选的应答方式包括应答方式(1b)、应答方式(4b)。针对请求方式(2a)，可选的应答方式包括应答方式(1b)、应答方式(2b)、应答方式(3b)、应答方式(4b)。针对请求方式(3a)，可选的应答方式包括应答方式(1b)、应答方式(4b)。以下对不同请求方式，上述link switch request消息、cross-link info request消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息可能携带的信息，以及对应的应答方式，上述link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息可能携带的信息进行阐述。即link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息不仅携带link 2的第一信息，还可以携带link 2的其他信息或其他link的信息。
表2
non-AP MLD可选的请求方式AP MLD可选的应答方式
(1a)请求链路切换且没有提供切换的目标链路(1b)接受链路切换，并指示一条切换的目标链路
(4b)拒绝链路切换
(2a)建议链路切换并提供一条或多条切换的目标链路(1b)接受链路切换，并指示其中一条切换的目标链路
(2b)更换所建议的或所要求的切换的目标链路
(3b)不接受non-AP MLD所请求切换的目标链路，并指示一条唯一的切换的目标链路
(4b)拒绝链路切换
(3a)要求链路切换并提供一条切换的目标链路且切换的目标链路不接受修改(1b)接受链路切换，并指示其中一条切换的目标链路
(4b)拒绝链路切换
对于请求方式(1a)，上述link switch request消息、或cross-link info request消息、或TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息中可以携带链路切换原因(reason code for link switch)指示，用于告知AP MLD链路切换的原因。比如，链路切换的原因可以是接收信号强度指示(Received signal strength indicator，RSSI)差，或者是时延大，或者是请求改变业务标识符到链路的映射关系(TID-to-link mapping)，或者有实时性业务开启，等等。
相应地，针对请求方式(1a)的应答方式(1b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下一种或多种信息：状态指示(status code)、切换到的目标链路的链路标识和第一信息。其中，状态指示(status code)，用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD的链路切换请求。例如，若接受，link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可进一步携带切换到的目标链路的链路标识和第一信息(如AP-CSN)。
针对请求方式(1a)的应答方式(4b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下一种或多种信息：拒绝链路切换请求的状态指示(status code)、拒绝的原因。
对于请求方式(2a)，上述link switch request消息、或cross-link info request消息、或TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息中可以携带包括但不限于以下信息：链路切换原因以及一条切换的目标链路的链路标识。
相应地，针对请求方式(2a)的应答方式(1b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下一种或多种信息：状态指示(status code)以及所请求的目标链路的第一信息。
针对请求方式(2a)的应答方式(2b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下一个或多个信息：提供额外的一条或多条能够切换的目标链路的链路标识以及这些目标链路的相关信息。这些目标链路的相关信息包括第一信息、链路切换模式(Link Switch mode)、链路切换计数或者目标切换时间的偏移、链路标识、信道利用率和STA个数。该应答方式中，还需non-AP MLD根据第一信息，执行上述实施例中步骤104至107的操作，进而，AP MLD可通过non-AP MLD传输数据帧的链路来获知non-AP MLD最终选择切换的目标链路。也就是说，该实施方式由non-AP MLD决定切换到AP-MLD所建议的哪条link上，那么link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中应该包括所建议的所有link的信息来辅助non-AP MLD决策。
其中，链路切换模式用于指示在链路切换前的传输限制。当其被置1时，表示站点在链路切换前应该停止传输；当其被设置为0时，则不限制站点传输。链路切换计数用于指示在切换到新的链路之前所发送的信标帧个数。当其被设置为1时，表示链路切换正好发生在下一个信标帧发送时刻之前；当其被设置为0时，表示链路切换发生在包含该信息的帧被发送后的任何时刻。或者指示目标切换时间的偏移(offset)。可选的，目标切换时间的偏移需要考虑所切换的link上，下一个信标帧的发送时间，这样，对于上述需要接收到所切换的link上的信标帧的实施方式来说，有利于避免non-AP MLD等待过长的时间。其中，信道利用率和STA个数用于non-AP MLD了解这些目标链路上接入的STA个数以及信道情况。
针对请求方式(2a)的应答方式(3b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下信息：唯一一条只能切换的目标链路的链路标识以及相关信息。该目标链路的相关信息可以包括但不限于以下一个或多个信息：第一信息、链路切换模式(Link Switch mode)、链路切换计数或者目标切换时间的偏移、链路标识、信道利用率和STA个数。
针对请求方式(2a)的应答方式(4b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下一种或多种信息：拒绝链路切换请求的状态指示(status code)、拒绝的原因。
对于请求方式(3a)，上述link switch request消息、或cross-link info request消息、或TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息中可以携带链路切换原因(reason code for link switch)指示、要求切换的目标链路的链路标识。
相应地，针对请求方式(3a)的应答方式(1b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下一种或多种信息：接受链路切换请求的状态指示(status code)以及目标链路的链路标识、目标链路的第一信息、链路切换模式、链路切换计数或者目标切换时间的偏移、信道利用率和STA个数。
针对请求方式(3a)的应答方式(4b)，AP MLD返回的link switch response消息、或cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以包括但不限于以下一种或多种信息：拒绝链路切换请求的状态指示(status code)、拒绝的原因。
4、由non-AP MLD发起，AP MLD响应的链路状态转换方法
该链路状态转换方法中，non-AP MLD可利用上述link switch request消息、cross-link info request消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息发起请求；AP MLD可利用对应的link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息响应或应答。与上述第3点non-AP MLD发起，AP MLD响应的链路切换方法的实施方式相同，唯一不同的是上述第3点目标链路是所切换的链路，该实施方式中目标链路是状态转换的链路，故该实施方式中的相关内容可将上述表2以及相关内容中“切换”修改为“状态转换”即可，如表3所示。其中，基于表3阐述各请求消息、响应消息可能携带的信息可参考表2的相关内容，在此不再详述。
其中，link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息通过携带的信息，用于指示 AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的状态转换请求。其中，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。可选的，业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求实际可为链路切换请求，故TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的链路状态转换请求。
表3
non-AP MLD可选的请求方式AP MLD可选的应答方式
(1a)建议状态转换，并建议一条或多条状态转换的目标链路(1b)接受状态转换，并指示一条状态转换的目标链路
(4b)拒绝状态转换
(2a)建议链路切换并提供一条或多条切换的目标链路(1b)接受状态转换，并指示其中一条状态转换的目标链路
(2b)更换所建议的或所要求的状态转换的目标链路
(3b)不接受non-AP MLD所请求状态转换的目标链路，并指示一条唯一的状态转换的目标链路
(4b)拒绝链路状态转换
(3a)要求链路状态转换并提供一条状态转换的目标链路且状态转换的目标链路不接受修改(1b)接受链路状态转换，并指示其中一条切换的目标链路
(4b)拒绝链路状态转换
5、由AP MLD发起，non-AP MLD响应的链路状态转换方法
该实施方式中，由于是AP MLD发起的，故AP MLD所发送的请求消息中需携带状态转换链路的第一信息；相应地，non-AP MLD可返回响应消息，该响应消息用于指示non-AP MLD是否接受该请求。若不接受，该响应消息中可携带不接受的原因的参数；若接受，该响应消息中可携带所接受的目标链路的链路标识，也可以不携带而指示接受链路状态转换请求即可。
以下以AP MLD利用TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息发起，non-AP MLD以TID-to-link mapping negotiation response应答为例，阐述可能的请求方式、应答方式以及可能携带的信息。其中，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示non-AP MLD是否接受AP MLD发起的业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。可选的，业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求实际可为链路状态转换请求，故TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示non-AP MLD是否接受AP MLD发起的链路状态转换请求。
表4
AP MLD可选的请求方式non-AP MLD可选的应答方式
(1a)建议状态转换，并建议一条或多条状态转换的目标链路(1b)接受所有建议或要求状态转换的目标链路进行状态转换
(2b)接受所建议状态转换的目标链路中的一条或多条进行状态转换
(3b)拒绝状态转换
(2a)要求状态转换，并要求状态转换的一条或多条目标链路，且不接受目标链路更改(1b)接受所有建议或要求状态转换的目标链路进行状态转换
(3b)拒绝状态转换
如表4所示，AP MLD的请求方式可包括但不限于以下一种或多种：(1a)建议状态转换，并建议一条或多条状态转换的目标链路；(2a)要求状态转换，并要求一条或多条状态转换的目标链路，且不接受目标链路更改。相应地，non-AP MLD的应答方式可包括但不限于以下一种或多种：(1b)接受所有建议或要求状态转换的目标链路进行状态转换；(2b)接受所建议状态转换的目标链路中的一条或多条进行状态转换；(3b)拒绝状态转换，可选的，可进一步指示拒绝的原因。其中，该部分所述的目标链路是要从disable或者doze状态的链路变成Enable或者Awake状态的链路，即上述各实施例中的第二链路，如link 2。
其中，针对请求方式(1a)，可选的应答方式包括应答方式(1b)、应答方式(2b)、应答方式(3b)。针对请求方式(2a)，可选的应答方式包括应答方式(1b)、应答方式(3b)。以下对不同请求方式，TID-to-link mapping negotiation request帧可能携带的信息，以及部分对应的应答方式，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response帧可能携带的信息进行阐述。
对于请求方式(1a)，TID-to-link mapping negotiation request帧中可携带链路状态转换原因(reason code for link status switch)指示以及一条或多条状态转换的目标链路的相关信息。其中，目标链路的相关信息包括第一信息(如目标链路当前的AP-CSN)外，还可以包括链路标识、网络分配矢量(network allocation vector,NAV)信息，信道利用率，STA个数，链路策略。
对于请求方式(1a)对应的应答方式(1b)，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response帧携带状态指示。该状态指示用于指示non-AP MLD接受链路状态转换以及所建议或所要求的目标链路的状态转换。
对于请求方式(1a)对应的应答方式(2b)，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response帧携带状态指示和一条或多条目标链路的链路标识。该状态指示用于指示non-AP MLD接受AP MLD请求的链路状态转换；该一条或多条目标链路的链路标识为non-AP MLD从AP MLD所建议的目标链路中选择的。
对于请求方式(1a)对应的应答方式(3b)，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response帧携带状态指示。该状态指示用于指示non-AP MLD不接受所请求的状态转换。进一步的，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response帧还可以携带不接受的原因。
6、由AP MLD发起，non-AP MLD响应的链路切换方法
该实施方式中，由于是AP MLD发起的，故AP MLD所发送的请求消息中需携带切换链路的第一信息；相应地，non-AP MLD可返回响应消息，该响应消息用于指示non-AP MLD是否接受该请求。若不接受，该响应消息中可携带不接受的原因的参数；若接受，该响应消息中可携带所接受的目标链路的链路标识，也可以不携带而指示接受链路状态转换请求即可。
以AP MLD利用TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息发起，non-AP MLD以TID-to-link mapping negotiation response应答为例，其中，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示non-AP MLD是否接受AP MLD发起的业务标识符与链路之间的映 射配置请求。可选的，业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求实际可为链路切换请求，故TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示non-AP MLD是否接受AP MLD发起的链路切换请求。
链路切换方法中，与上述第5点AP MLD发起，non-AP MLD响应的链路状态转换方法的实施方式相同，唯一不同的是上述第5点目标链路是状态转换的链路，该实施方式中目标链路是切换的链路，故该实施方式中的相关内容可将上述表4以及相关内容中“状态转换”修改为“切换”即可，如表5所示。其中，基于表5阐述各请求消息、响应消息可能携带的信息可参考表4的相关内容，在此不再详述。
表5
AP MLD可选的请求方式non-AP MLD可选的应答方式
(1a)建议切换，并建议一条或多条目标链路进行切换(1b)接受所有建议的或要求的目标链路进行切换
(2b)接受所建议的目标链路中的一条或多条进行切换
(3b)拒绝切换
(2a)要求切换，并要求一条或多条目标链路进行切换，且不接受目标链路更改(1b)接受所有建议的或要求的目标链路进行切换
(3b)拒绝切换
针对上述各种请求方式、应答方式，如第3点实施方式中，link switch request消息、cross-link info request消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息，以及上述link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以携带一个新定义的链路切换元素(link switch element)。
如图8所示，该link switch element可以包括链路切换请求(link switch request)字段和链路切换类型(link switch type)字段。其中，本申请中各字段或帧中，字段标识(element ID)用于指示某一字段，长度(Length)用于指示该字段的长度。link switch request字段用于指示传输该link switch element的链路的STA为链路切换请求的STA，还是链路切换响应的STA。link switch type字段用于指示上述各种请求方式、应答方式中的一种。例如，link switch type字段为0至2表示携带该link switch element的消息为上述请求方式(1a)至请求方式(3a)中的一种链路切换请求消息；link switch type字段为3至6表示携带该link switch element的消息为上述应答方式(1b)至应答方式(4b)中的一种链路切换响应消息。进而，non-AP MLD和AP MLD可根据该链路切换元素确定请求所需携带的信息、响应所需携带的信息。
针对上述各种请求方式、应答方式，如第5点实施方式中，上述TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息，和TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息中可以携带一个新定义的链路状态转换元素(link status transition element)。link status transition element的结构与图8所示的类似，可以包括链路状态转换请求(link status transition request)字段和链路状态转换类型(link status transition type)字段。其中，link status transition request字段用于指示传输该link status transition element的链路的STA为链路状态转换请求的STA，还是链路状态转换响应的STA。link status transition type字段用于指示上述各种请求方式、应答 方式中的一种。例如，link status transition type字段为0至1分别表示携带该link status transition element的消息为上述请求方式(1a)至请求方式(2a)中的一种；link status transition type字段为2至4表示携带该link status transition element的消息为上述应答方式(1b)至应答方式(3b)中的一种。进而，non-AP MLD和AP MLD可根据该链路状态转换元素确定请求所需携带的信息、响应所需携带的信息。
七、另一种链路处理方法
该方法与第六部分所述的链路处理方法的不同之处在于，该部分，由第二MLD确定所切换的第二链路或状态转换的第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新，进而在第一链路上将所更新的参数发送给第一MLD，或告知第一MLD没有更新。这样，第一MLD在切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上可直接传输数据帧，而不必第一MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上还需接收到信标帧，获得最新的BSS配置参数后才能传输数据帧，因此，该方法减少了切换到的或状态转换后的第二链路上数据帧传输之前所需的等待时长。
为阐述方便，第一MLD以non-AP MLD为例，第二MLD以AP MLD为例，并且AP MLD与non-AP MLD之间的多链路包括的第一链路和第二链路，可分别以link 1和link 2为例，link 2为从link 1切换到或状态转换的链路，即以link 1为enable状态，link 2为doze/disable状态，link 2需要从doze/disable状态转换到awake/enable状态。link 3的状态暂不讨论。
请参阅图9，该链路处理方法可包括以下步骤：
201、non-AP MLD在link 1上发送link 2的第二信息，第二信息用于AP MLD确定link2的BSS配置是否有更新；
202、AP MLD在link 1上接收link 2的第二信息；
203、AP MLD在link 1上发送第三信息，该第三信息是由AP MLD根据第二信息确定的，第三信息用于指示link 2的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数；
204、non-AP MLD在link 1上接收第三信息，并根据第三信息在link 2上传输数据帧。
可见，non-AP MLD在切换后或状态转换后的link 2上在接收到信标帧之前就能直接传输数据帧，减少了link 2传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间。
其中，当link 2的BSS配置有更新时，该第三信息包括第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数；当link 2的BSS配置没有更新时，该第三信息可指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新。
当link 2的BSS配置有更新时，步骤204中，non-AP MLD根据第三信息在link 2上传输数据帧可以包括：non-AP MLD利用link 2的BSS配置所更新的参数更新non-AP MLD中link 2的BSS配置，根据更新后的link 2的BSS配置，在link2上传输数据帧。其中，non-AP MLD还对应更新标识该link 2的BSS配置的序列号/AP-CSN/check beacon值。当link2的BSS配置没有更新时，non-AP MLD利用non-AP MLD中link 2的BSS配置，在link2上传输数据帧。
其中，该数据帧可以为上行数据帧或服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧，以将link 2已处于awake/enable状态告知给第二MLD。可选的，第一MLD还可以在link 2上传输链路状态通知帧，该链路状态通知帧用于指示link 2已处于awake/enable状态，从而有利于第二MLD在link 2上及时发送下行数据帧。
link 2的第二信息为第一MLD中存储的标识所述link 2的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。第二MLD中标识link 2的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值为第一信息。这样，第二MLD可比较第一信息与第二信息是否一致，若一致，则表示link 2的BSS配置没有更新；若不一致，则表示link 2的BSS配置有更新。从而有利于AP MLD根据第一信息和第二信息获得link 2的BSS配置是否有更新。
也就是说，link 2的第一信息为link 2的当前BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值，而第二信息为non-AP MLD之前获得的link 2的BSS配置的序列号、AP-CSN或check beacon值。因此，若link 2的最近更新或当前的BSS配置相对于non-AP MLD之前获得的link 2的BSS配置没有更新，则第一信息等于第二信息；若有更新，则第一信息不等于或大于第二信息。
例如，link 2的第一信息为AP-CSN 1，link 2的第二信息为AP-CSN 2；若AP-CSN 1等于AP-CSN 2，则AP-CSN 1对应的link 2的BSS配置相对于AP-CSN 2对应的link 2的BSS配置没有更新，即link 2的BSS配置没有更新。若AP-CSN 1不等于或大于AP-CSN 2，则AP-CSN 1对应的link 2的BSS配置相对于AP-CSN 2对应的link 2的BSS配置有更新，即link 2的BSS配置有更新。进一步的，link 2的BSS配置有更新所更新的参数可通过上述第三信息获得。
可选的，link 2的第二信息是在non-AP MLD进行信道探测时从link 1的信标(beacon)帧或多链路探测响应帧中获得的。或者，link 2的第二信息是在non-AP MLD进行链路关联时从link 1的多链路探测响应帧中获得的。
可选的，上述link 1的信标(beacon)帧、多链路探测响应帧、多链路关联响应帧中可携带多条链路或所有链路的信息。每条链路的信息包括第二信息，还包括但不限于以下一种或多种：链路状态、信道利用率等。该实施方式有利于non-AP MLD在进行链路切换或链路状态转换时，能够根据这些信息从中选择切换的链路或状态转换的链路。
其中，link 1的信标(beacon)帧中第二信息的携带方式可参见上述第六部分图6的相关阐述。multi-link probe response帧中第二信息的携带方式可参见上述第六部分图7的相关阐述。其中，所携带的其他信息也可以参见上述第六部分的阐述。
一种可选的实施方式中，non-AP MLD可以在link 1上发送链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧，以将link 2的第二信息告知给AP MLD。也就是说，该链路切换请求消息、或跨链路信息报告请求消息、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中，携带link 2的第二信息。
相应地，non-AP MLD可以在link 1上接收链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧，以获得link 2的第三信息。一种实现方式中，第一多链路设备(MLD)在link 1上接收第三信息，包括：non-AP MLD在link 1上接收链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧。该链路切换响应消息、跨链路信息报告消息、媒体接入控制帧中、业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧中，携带link 2的第三信息。
其中，来自non-AP MLD的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧是在non-AP MLD 需求更换链路与业务标识符之间的映射关系，进而需要将某些链路的链路状态从disable/doze转换到enable/awake状态的情况下发送的。相应地，AP-MLD返回的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧用于指示AP-MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。可选的，若AP-MLD接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧包括link 2的第三信息；若AP-MLD不接受，则该业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧不包括link 2的第三信息。
可见，该实施方式中，non-AP MLD可主动上报要切换链路的第二信息，以获得第三信息，有利于进一步缩短切换的链路上传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
以下从non-AP MLD发起的角度，阐述上述non-AP除了发送link 2的第二信息外，还可以携带的其他信息，以及上述AP MLD除了返回link 2的第三信息外，还可以携带的其他信息。
1、由non-AP MLD发起，AP MLD响应的链路切换方法
该链路切换方法中，non-AP MLD可利用上述link switch request消息、cross-link info request消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息发起请求；AP MLD可利用对应的link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息响应或应答。其中，链路切换的请求方式不同，决定这些请求消息中所携带的信息，相应地，应答方式的不同，也决定了这些响应消息中所携带的信息，但结合上述各实施方式，这些请求消息中至少携带所切换的链路的第二信息，以及响应消息中至少携带所切换的链路的第三信息。各种可选的请求方式、应答方式大大改善了链路切换操作的灵活性，便于根据具体场景的需求，采用相应的请求方式和应答方式。
其中，link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息通过携带的信息，用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的链路切换请求。其中，TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。其中，业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求实际可为链路切换请求，故TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息用于指示AP MLD是否接受non-AP MLD发起的链路切换请求。
其中，该部分中请求消息和响应消息与上述第六部分第3点的不同之处在于，该部分中请求消息中至少携带所切换的链路的第二信息，以及响应消息中至少携带所切换的链路的第三信息，而不必携带所切换的链路的第一信息。其他内容可参见上述第六部分第3点，此处不再详述。
2、由non-AP MLD发起，AP MLD响应的链路状态转换方法
该链路状态转换方法中，non-AP MLD可利用上述link switch request消息、cross-link info request消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation request消息发起请求；AP MLD可利用对应的link switch response消息、cross-link info report消息、TID-to-link mapping negotiation response消息响应或应答。与上述第1点non-AP MLD发起，AP MLD响应的链路切换方法的实施方式相同，唯一不同的是上述第3点目标链路是所切换的链路，该实施方式中目标链路是状态转换的链路，故该实施方式中的相关内容可将上述第七部分第1点的相关内容中“切换”修改为“状态转换”即可。
可选的，该部分中请求消息和响应消息与上述第六部分第4点的不同之处在于，该部分中请求消息中至少携带所切换的链路的第二信息，以及响应消息中至少携带所切换的链路的第三信息，而不必携带所切换的链路的第一信息。其他内容可参见上述第六部分第4点，此处不再详述。
可理解，以上各个实施例各有侧重，其中一个实施例中未详细描述的实现方式可参考其他实施例，这里不再一一赘述。进一步的，本文中描述的各个实施例可以为独立的方案，也可以根据内在逻辑进行组合，这些方案都落入本申请的保护范围中。换句话说，以上所示的各个实施例，相互之间可以结合。例如，如以上第六部分中第1点所述的链路处理方法与第六部分中第2点所述的链路处理方法可以结合。又例如，第六部分中第1点、第2点以及第3点所述的方法可以结合。又例如，第六部分中第1点、第2点以及第4点所述的方法可以结合。又例如，第六部分中第1点、第2点以及第5点所述的方法可以结合。又例如，第六部分中第1点、第2点以及第6点所述的方法可以结合。又例如，第七部分图9所示的链路处理方法可与第七部分第1点所述的方法相结合。又例如，第七部分图9所示的链路处理方法可与第七部分第2点所述的方法相结合。
以上分别从第一MLD与第二MLD交互的角度，如non-AP MLD与AP MLD交互的角度介绍了本申请实施例提供的各链路处理方法。上述以link 1与link 2为例阐述两者进行切换前后，non-AP MLD、AP MLD的相关操作。其中，non-AP MLD、AP MLD的相关操作中，non-AP MLD与AP MLD在link 1上的操作可分别由link 1对应的STA1、link 1对应的AP1执行，相应地，non-AP MLD与AP MLD在link 2上的操作可分别由link 2对应的STA2、link 2对应的AP2执行。
本申请实施例为了实现链路的快速切换以及链路状态的快速转换，介绍以下多种多链路设备。
本申请实施例提供一种多链路设备中，该多链路设备包括一个或多个站点，以第一站点和第二站点为例：
该第一站点在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息，第一信息用于该多链路设备确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
该第二站点在第二链路的BSS配置没有更新时，在切换后的或链路状态转换后的第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备在第一链路切换到第二链路或第二链路的链路状态转换之前，该多链路设备就可获知第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新，并在没有更新时，第二站点可在切换到或链路状态转换后的第二链路后，不必等接收到信标帧即可直接在第二链路上传输数据帧，缩短了切换到或链路状态转换后的第二链路后传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第一方面中第一MLD的任意功能，以及具体实施方式第六部分中non-AP MLD的任意功能，关于其所有技术细节，均可参引上述发明内容第一方面、具体实施方式中第六部分的内容，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种多链路设备中，该多链路设备包括一个或多个接入点，以第一接入点和第二接入点为例：
第一接入点确定第二链路的第一信息，以及在第一链路上发送第二链路的第一信息，第一信息用于non-AP MLD确定第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新。
可见，该多链路设备在第一链路切换到第二链路或第二链路进行链路状态转换之前，第一接入点可将第二链路的第一信息告知第一站点，从而有利于第二站点确定第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新。若第二链路的BSS配置参数没有更新，第二站点可在切换到第二链路或第二链路进行链路状态转换后，不必等接收到信标帧即可直接在第二链路上传输数据帧，有利于节省第二链路传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第二方面所述的各链路处理方法中第二MLD的任意功能，或具有上述第六部分所述的各链路处理方法中AP MLD的任意功能，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种多链路设备中，该多链路设备包括一个或多个站点，以第一站点和第二站点为例，
第一站点在第一链路在第一链路上发送第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于AP MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
第一站点在第一链路上接收第二链路的第三信息，该第三信息是由AP MLD根据第二信息确定的，第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数；
第二站点根据第三信息，在第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备在第一链路切换到第二链路或第二链路的链路状态转换之前，第二站点可获知第三信息，从而可在切换到第二链路后，不必等接收到信标帧即可根据第三信息直接在第二链路上传输数据帧，有利于节省第二链路传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第三方面中第一MLD的任意功能，或具体实施方式第七部分中non-AP MLD的任意功能，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种多链路设备中，该多链路设备包括一个或多个接入点，以第一接入点和第二接入点为例，第一接入点在第一链路上接收第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于AP MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
第一接入点在第一链路上发送第二链路的第三信息，该第三信息是由AP MLD根据第二信息确定的，第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。
可见，该多链路设备在第一链路切换到第二链路或第二链路的链路状态转换之前，第一接入点可将第二链路的第三信息告知第一站点，从而有利于第二站点根据第三信息在切换到第二链路后，不必等接收到信标帧即可直接在第二链路上传输数据帧，有利于节省第一链路切换到第二链路或第二链路的链路状态转换之后，第二链路传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第四方面中第二MLD的任意功能，或具体实施方式第七部分中AP MLD的任意功能，此处不再赘述。
为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，接入点、站点可以包括硬件结构、软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上 述各功能中的某个功能可以以硬件结构、软件模块、或者硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行。以下所阐述的多链路设备可以是AP MLD，也可以是non-AP MLD，也可以是支持多链路设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等，还可以是支持多链路设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该多链路设备可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
请参阅图10，图10是本申请实施例提供的一种多链路设备的结构示意图。该多链路设备可以包括一个或多个处理器1001。所述处理器1001可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。所述处理器1001可以用于对多链路设备中的一个或多个接入点、一个或多个接入点芯片，一个或多个站点、一个或多个站点芯片等进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
可选的，该多链路设备可以包括一个或多个存储器1002，其上可以存有指令1004，所述指令可在所述处理器1001上被运行，使得该多链路设备执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器1002中还可以存储有数据，例如存储上述方法实施例中的第一信息、第二信息或第三信息等。所述处理器1001和存储器1002可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
可选的，该多链路设备还可以包括收发器1005、天线1006。所述收发器1005可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能。收发器1005可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收功能；发送器可以称为发送机或发送电路等，用于实现发送功能。其中，收发器1005用于执行上述方法实施例中的接收或发送操作。
一种可选的实施方式中：
收发器1005，用于在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息；
所述第一MLD与第二MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
所述第一信息用于所述第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
收发器1005，还用于若所述第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，在切换到的或链路状态转换后的所述第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备可获知第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新，并在没有更新时，该多链路设备可在切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，缩短了切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路在传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第一方面中第一MLD的任意功能，以及具体实施方式第六部分中non-AP MLD的任意功能，关于其所有技术细节，均可参引上述发明内容第一方面、具体实施方式中第六部分的内容，此处不再赘述。
另一种可选的实施方式中：
处理器1001，用于确定第二链路的第一信息，所述第一信息用于第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
收发器1005，用于在第一链路上发送所述第二链路的第一信息；
所述第二MLD与第一MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
所述第二链路为从所述第一链路切换的链路或者为链路状态转换的链路。
可见，该实施方式有利于第一MLD确认第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新，并在没有更新时，第一MLD可在切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，缩短了切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路在传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第二方面所述的各链路处理方法中第二MLD的任意功能，或具有上述第六部分所述的各链路处理方法中AP MLD的任意功能，此处不再赘述。
又一种可选的实施方式中：
收发器1005，用于在第一链路上发送第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于第二MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
收发器1005，用于在第一链路上接收第三信息，该第三信息是由第二MLD根据第二信息确定的。第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。这样，第一MLD可根据该第三信息在第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上能直接传输数据帧，减少了在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间。
又一种可选的实施方式中：
收发器1005，用于在第一链路接收第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于该多链路设备确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
收发器1005，用于在第一链路上发送第三信息，该第三信息是由该多链路设备根据第二信息确定的，第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。
可见，由于该多链路设备可在第一链路上将第二链路的BSS是否更新或所更新的参数告诉non-AP MLD，因此，non-AP MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上不用接收到信标帧就能直接传输数据帧，减少了切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
参见图11，图11是本申请实施例提供另一种多链路设备的结构示意图。该多链路设备可以包括通信单元1101和处理单元1102。通信单元1101可包括发送单元和接收单元，发送单元用于实现发送功能，接收单元用于实现接收功能，通信单元1101可以实现发送功能和/或接收功能。通信单元也可以描述为收发单元。
一种可选的实施方式中：
通信单元1101，用于在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息；
所述第一MLD与第二MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
所述第一信息用于所述第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
通信单元1101，还用于若所述第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，在切换到的或链路状态转换后的所述第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备可获知第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新，并在没有更新时，该多链路设备可在切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，缩短了切换 到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路在传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第一方面中第一MLD的任意功能，以及具体实施方式第六部分中non-AP MLD的任意功能，关于其所有技术细节，均可参引上述发明内容第一方面、具体实施方式中第六部分的内容，此处不再赘述。
另一种可选的实施方式中：
处理单元1102，用于确定第二链路的第一信息，所述第一信息用于第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
通信单元1101，用于在第一链路上发送所述第二链路的第一信息；
所述第二MLD与第一MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
所述第二链路为从所述第一链路切换的链路或者为链路状态转换的链路。
可见，该实施方式有利于第一MLD确认第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新，并在没有更新时，第一MLD可在切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，缩短了切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路在传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第二方面所述的各链路处理方法中第二MLD的任意功能，或具有上述第六部分所述的各链路处理方法中AP MLD的任意功能，此处不再赘述。
又一种可选的实施方式中：
通信单元1101，用于在第一链路上发送第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于第二MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
通信单元1101，用于在第一链路上接收第三信息，该第三信息是由第二MLD根据第二信息确定的。第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。这样，第一MLD可根据该第三信息在第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上能直接传输数据帧，减少了在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间。
又一种可选的实施方式中：
通信单元1101，用于在第一链路接收第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于该多链路设备确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
通信单元1101，用于在第一链路上发送第三信息，该第三信息是由该多链路设备根据第二信息确定的，第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。
可见，由于该多链路设备可在第一链路上将第二链路的BSS是否更新或所更新的参数告诉non-AP MLD，因此，non-AP MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上不用接收到信标帧就能直接传输数据帧，减少了切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
可以理解的，关于该多链路设备包括的各个功能单元的具体实现可参考前述各个实施例，这里不再赘述。
请参见图12，图12是本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。如图12所示，图12所示的芯片包括处理器1201和接口1202。其中，处理器1201的数量可以是一个或多个， 接口1202的数量可以是多个。
对于芯片用于实现本申请实施例中站点的功能的情况：
一种实施方式中，
接口1202，用于在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息；
所述第一MLD与第二MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
所述第一信息用于所述第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
接口1202，还用于若所述第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，在切换到的或链路状态转换后的所述第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备可获知第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新，并在没有更新时，该多链路设备可在切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，缩短了切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路在传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第一方面中第一MLD的任意功能，以及具体实施方式第六部分中non-AP MLD的任意功能，关于其所有技术细节，均可参引上述发明内容第一方面、具体实施方式中第六部分的内容，此处不再赘述。
另一种可选的实施方式中：
处理器1201，用于确定第二链路的第一信息，所述第一信息用于第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
接口1202，用于在第一链路上发送所述第二链路的第一信息；
所述第二MLD与第一MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
所述第二链路为从所述第一链路切换的链路或者为链路状态转换的链路。
可见，该实施方式有利于第一MLD确认第二链路的BSS配置参数是否有更新，并在没有更新时，第一MLD可在切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路上直接传输数据帧，缩短了切换到的或链路状态转换后的第二链路在传输数据帧之前所需等待的时长。
本申请实施例所述的多链路设备具有上述发明内容第二方面所述的各链路处理方法中第二MLD的任意功能，或具有上述第六部分所述的各链路处理方法中AP MLD的任意功能，此处不再赘述。
又一种可选的实施方式中：
接口1202，用于在第一链路上发送第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于第二MLD确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
接口1202，用于在第一链路上接收第三信息，该第三信息是由第二MLD根据第二信息确定的。第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。这样，第一MLD可根据该第三信息在第二链路上传输数据帧。
可见，该多链路设备在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上能直接传输数据帧，减少了在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时间。
又一种可选的实施方式中：
接口1202，用于在第一链路接收第二链路的第二信息，第二信息用于该多链路设备确定第二链路的BSS配置是否有更新；
接口1202，用于在第一链路上发送第三信息，该第三信息是由该多链路设备根据第二信息确定的，第三信息用于指示第二链路的BSS配置没有更新或所更新的参数。
可见，由于该多链路设备可在第一链路上将第二链路的BSS是否更新或所更新的参数告诉non-AP MLD，因此，non-AP MLD在切换后或状态转换后的第二链路上不用接收到信标帧就能直接传输数据帧，减少了切换后或状态转换后的第二链路传输数据帧之前所需的等待时长。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例中描述的各方法步骤和单元，能够以电子硬件、计算机软件或者二者的结合来实现，为了清楚地说明硬件和软件的可互换性，在上述说明中已经按照功能一般性地描述了各实施例的步骤及组成。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。本领域普通技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参见前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另外，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口、装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，也可以是电的，机械的或其它的形式连接。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本申请实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以是两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
所述集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分，或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到各种等效的修改或替换，这些修改或替换都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种链路处理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一多链路设备(MLD)在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息；
    所述第一MLD与第二MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
    所述第一信息用于所述第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
    若所述第二链路的BSS配置没有更新，所述第一MLD在切换到的或链路状态转换后的所述第二链路上传输数据帧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据帧包括上行数据帧、或服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧、或链路状态通知帧；所述链路状态通知帧用于指示所述第二链路已处于苏醒或使能状态。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二链路的第一信息为所述第二MLD中标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二链路的第一信息是在所述第一链路上接收的链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧、或信标帧、或数据帧的控制字段、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中携带的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第二链路的第一信息是在所述第一链路上接收的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中携带的，所述第一MLD在所述第二链路传输数据帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一MLD在第一链路上发送业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧；
    所述业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧用于指示所述第一MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间的映射配置请求。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第二链路的BSS配置有更新，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一MLD在所述第二链路上发送第二信息，所述第二信息为所述第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值；
    所述第一MLD在所述第二链路上接收所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数；所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是根据所述第二信息确定的。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二链路的第二信息是在所述第二链路上的单播探测请求帧中携带以发送的；
    所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是在所述第二链路上接收的探测响应帧中携带的，所述探测响应帧是基于所述单播探测请求帧而返回的。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一多链路设备(MLD)在第一链路上接收第二链路的第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    第一MLD从第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、或多链路探测响应帧、或多链路关联响应帧中，获取并存储第二链路的第二信息；
    所述第二信息为第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、或所述多链路探测响应帧、或所述多链路关联响应帧中还携带所述第二链路的链路状态和信道利用率。
  10. 一种链路处理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第二多链路设备(MLD)确定第二链路的第一信息，所述第一信息用于第一MLD确定所述第二链路的基本服务集BSS配置是否有更新；
    所述第二MLD在第一链路上发送所述第二链路的第一信息；
    所述第二MLD与第一MLD之间的多链路包括所述第一链路和所述第二链路；
    所述第二链路为从所述第一链路切换的链路或者为链路状态转换的链路。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二MLD在所述第二链路上接收数据帧，所述数据帧包括上行数据帧、或服务质量空(Qos NULL)帧、或链路状态通知帧；所述链路状态通知帧用于指示所述第二链路已处于苏醒或使能状态。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二链路的第一信息为所述第二MLD中标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二链路的第一信息是在所述第一链路上的链路切换响应消息、或跨链路信息报告消息、或媒体接入控制帧、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧、或信标帧、或数据帧的控制字段、或业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中携带以发送的。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，若所述第二链路的第一信息是在所述第一链路上接收的业务标识符与链路映射关系协商请求帧中携带以发送的，所述第二MLD 在所述第二链路上传输数据帧之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二MLD在所述第一链路上接收业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧；
    所述业务标识符与链路映射关系协商响应帧用于指示所述第一MLD是否接受业务标识符与链路之间映射配置请求。
  15. 根据权利要求10至14任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第二MLD在所述第二链路上接收第二信息，所述第二信息为所述第一MLD中存储的标识所述第二链路的BSS配置的序列号、或接入点配置序列号(AP-CSN)、或查看信标(check beacon)值；
    所述第二MLD根据所述第二信息，在所述第二链路上发送所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二链路的第二信息是在所述第二链路上接收的单播探测请求帧中携带的；
    所述第二链路的BSS配置所更新的参数是在所述第二链路上的探测响应帧中携带以发送的，所述探测响应帧是基于所述单播探测请求帧而发送的。
  17. 根据权利要求12至16任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二多链路设备(MLD)在第一链路上发送第二链路的第一信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    第二MLD在第一链路上发送第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、多链路探测响应帧或多链路关联响应帧；所述信标帧、所述多链路探测响应帧、或所述多链路关联响应帧中包括第二链路的第二信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一链路的信标(beacon)帧、或所述多链路探测响应帧、或所述多链路关联响应帧中还携带所述第二链路的链路状态和信道利用率。
  19. 一种多链路设备，其特征在于，包括：
    接口和处理电路，所述接口和处理电路耦合，所述接口用于与其他通信装置进行通信，所述处理电路用于运行程序，以使得所述多链路设备实现权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法，或权利要求10至18任一项所述的方法。
  20. 一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序可由计算机执行以控制所述计算机执行权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法，或权利要求10至18任一项所述的方法。
  21. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，包括计算机程序，当该计算机程序在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法；或者使得计算机执行权利要 求10至18任一项所述的方法。
  22. 一种多链路设备，其特征在于，用于执行权利要求1至9任一项所述的方法，或者，用于执行权利要求10至18任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2021/087955 2020-04-18 2021-04-17 链路处理方法、多链路设备及计算机可读存储介质 Ceased WO2021209059A1 (zh)

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