WO2021238036A1 - 紧固钉、紧固钉植入装置和医疗器械 - Google Patents

紧固钉、紧固钉植入装置和医疗器械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021238036A1
WO2021238036A1 PCT/CN2020/122562 CN2020122562W WO2021238036A1 WO 2021238036 A1 WO2021238036 A1 WO 2021238036A1 CN 2020122562 W CN2020122562 W CN 2020122562W WO 2021238036 A1 WO2021238036 A1 WO 2021238036A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bending
fastening nail
handle
nail
rotating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/122562
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
代高旭
韩乌恩
杨凡
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitral Bridge Beijing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitral Bridge Beijing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitral Bridge Beijing Co Ltd filed Critical Mitral Bridge Beijing Co Ltd
Priority to EP20938315.7A priority Critical patent/EP4134014B1/en
Publication of WO2021238036A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021238036A1/zh
Priority to US18/056,435 priority patent/US20230072622A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/068—Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A61B2017/0409—Instruments for applying suture anchors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for suturing wounds; Holders or packages for needles or suture materials
    • A61B17/0401—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors
    • A61B2017/044—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors with a threaded shaft, e.g. screws
    • A61B2017/0441—Suture anchors, buttons or pledgets, i.e. means for attaching sutures to bone, cartilage or soft tissue; Instruments for applying or removing suture anchors with a threaded shaft, e.g. screws the shaft being a rigid coil or spiral
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/064—Surgical staples, i.e. penetrating the tissue
    • A61B2017/0649—Coils or spirals

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a fastening nail, a fastening nail implantation device and a medical device.
  • the medical fastening nails are usually used.
  • the medical fastening nails are inserted into human organs or skin tissues to assist suture.
  • the fastening nails used in the prior art are usually simple spiral structures.
  • the shift fork is inserted into the ring at one end of the fastening nail, and then the shift fork is rotated to screw the fastening nail into the human organ or skin tissue.
  • the back end of the fastening nail that is, the end circle at the distal end, which is often referred to in surgical treatment, usually has a circular structure
  • the shift fork is usually a square structure, and it is difficult to firmly bond between the two, so it is easy to tighten during the rotation process.
  • the phenomenon of loosening of the nails further delays the completion of the operation, increases the risk of the patient during the operation, and is not conducive to the healing of the patient's postoperative wound.
  • One of the objectives of the present disclosure includes providing a fastening nail that can improve the ease of loosening of the fastening nail from the fork when the fork is used to screw the fastening nail into the human tissue in the prior art, thereby delaying the completion time of the operation and increasing The patient’s risk during surgery and the technical problems that are not conducive to the patient’s postoperative wound healing.
  • Another object of the present disclosure includes providing a fastening nail implanting device to improve the ease of loosening of the fastening nail from the fork when the fork is used to screw the fastening nail into the human tissue in the prior art, thereby delaying the completion time of the operation , Increase the patient’s risk during surgery, and are not conducive to the technical problems of postoperative wound healing.
  • Another object of the present disclosure includes providing a medical device, which can improve the tightness of the combination between the fastening nail and the fastening nail implanting device, avoiding the fastening nail from loosening from the fastening nail implanting device, and is beneficial to rapid Implant fastening nails into the human body.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a fastening nail including a nail seat and a spiral part, the front end of the spiral part is formed as a tip, and the rear end of the spiral part is fixedly connected to the front end of the nail seat.
  • a first positioning portion is provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder.
  • the first positioning portion includes a positioning hole or a positioning protrusion provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder.
  • the positioning hole is elliptical, triangular, rectangular, hexagonal, or waist-shaped; or, the cross-section of the positioning protrusion is elliptical, triangular, rectangular, hexagonal, or waist-shaped.
  • the bottom wall of the positioning hole is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole is configured to be threadedly fitted with the conveying device, and the threaded hole extends along the rotation axis direction of the rotation of the fastening nail.
  • the center of the first positioning portion is located on the axis of rotation of the fastening nail; or, there are multiple first positioning portions, and multiple first positioning portions surround the The rotation axis array of the rotation of the fastening nail is distributed on the end surface of the rear end of the nail seat.
  • annular groove is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the nail holder, and the annular groove is configured to tie a polymer suture thread for surgery.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure provide a fastening nail implantation device configured to implant a fastening nail into a human body;
  • the fastening nail includes a nail seat and a spiral part, the The front end of the spiral portion is formed as a tip, the rear end of the spiral portion is fixedly connected to the front end of the nail holder, and a first positioning portion is provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder.
  • the fastening nail implantation device includes a base and an implant assembly, and the implant assembly includes a delivery cable and an anchoring handle.
  • the rear end of the conveying cable is connected to the anchoring handle, and the front end of the conveying cable is provided with a second positioning part that can be buckled with the first positioning part.
  • the anchoring handle is installed on the base, and the anchoring handle is configured to be able to drive the transmission cable to rotate under the first working condition, thereby driving the fastening of the front end of the transmission cable
  • the nails rotate synchronously with the conveying cable, and the conveying cable is driven to release the fastening nails in the second working condition.
  • the transmission cable includes a sleeve, a rotating cable, and a spring member, and the rotating cable passes through the sleeve.
  • the anchoring handle includes a housing, a first turning knob, and a second turning knob, the housing is installed on the base, the front end of the first turning knob is installed inside the housing, and the first turning knob It can be rotated relative to the housing.
  • the first rotary knob is provided with a through hole passing through the first rotary knob in the front-to-rear direction, the front end of the second rotary knob is sleeved on the rear end of the first rotary knob, and the second rotary knob
  • the knob can rotate relative to the first rotary knob; the rear end of the first rotary knob and the second rotary knob are both located outside the housing.
  • the rear end of the sleeve is connected to the front end of the first rotating knob, and the rear end of the rotating cable is connected to the front end of the second rotating knob through the spring member.
  • the second positioning portion is provided at the front end of the sleeve, a pin is connected to the front end of the rotating cable, a threaded hole is provided on the end surface of the rear end of the pin holder, and on the outer peripheral surface of the pin An external thread matched with the threaded hole is provided.
  • the rear end of the pin and the front end of the rotating cable are connected by a tapered surface that gradually increases in diameter from the pin toward the rotating cable, and is connected to the inner wall surface of the front end of the sleeve.
  • a tapered abutment surface is provided on the tapered surface, and the rotating cable is configured to drive the pin to slide back and forth inside the sleeve, and the tapered surface is connected to the sleeve.
  • an anti-reverse component is provided between the front end of the first rotating knob and the housing; the anti-reverse component is configured to rotate the pin in the opposite direction relative to the fastening nail so as to In the process of being separated from the fastening nail, the sleeve is prevented from following the second rotating shell to rotate in the reverse direction.
  • the first rotating knob includes an end connecting rod, a first shaft, and a first rotating housing that are sequentially connected from front to back, and the end connecting rod and the first shaft
  • the rod is sleeved inside the housing;
  • the anti-reversal component includes a pawl component and a ratchet structure arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft rod, and the pawl of the pawl component meshes with the ratchet structure.
  • the second rotating knob includes a second shaft and a second rotating housing connected to the rear end of the second shaft, and the second shaft is sleeved on the first shaft. Rotating the inside of the housing, the rear end of the spring member is connected to the front end of the second shaft.
  • an anti-rotation component is connected between the first rotating knob and the second rotating knob in a removable manner, and the anti-rotation component is configured to make the first rotating knob It rotates synchronously with the second rotating knob.
  • a first positioning hole is formed on the rear end surface of the first rotating knob, a second positioning hole is formed on the second rotating knob to penetrate the second rotating knob in the front-to-rear direction, and one end of the anti-rotation component penetrates After passing through the second positioning hole, it extends into the first positioning hole.
  • the fastening nail implantation device further includes an advancement mechanism and a sleeve support, and the advancement mechanism includes an advancement handle, a first gear, and a second gear.
  • the forward handle is fixedly connected to the sleeve support, the rotating cable passes through the lumen of the sleeve support, and the front end of the first rotating knob is pivotally connected to the rear of the lumen of the sleeve support end.
  • the first gear is arranged on the forward handle, the second gear is arranged on the first rotating knob, and the first gear and the second gear mesh with each other.
  • the fastening nail implantation device further includes a first bending sheath mechanism, and the first bending sheath mechanism includes a first bending handle and a first bending sheath, so The first bending handle is installed on the base and located in front of the anchoring handle, the first bending sheath is installed on the first bending handle, and the transmission cable passes through the first A bending sheath and the first bending handle.
  • the first bending handle includes a bending knob, a bending screw, and a bending slider.
  • the bending slider is threaded on the bending screw, a bending wire is connected between the front end of the first bending sheath and the bending slider, and the rear end of the bending screw Connected to the bending knob, the bending knob is configured to drive the bending screw to rotate, so that the bending slider slides along the length of the bending screw, thereby tightening or releasing the The bending wire is used to adjust the curvature of the first bending sheath.
  • the fastening nail implantation device further includes a second bending sheath mechanism, and the second bending sheath mechanism includes a second bending handle and a second bending sheath, so
  • the second bending handle is installed on the base and located between the first bending handle and the anchoring handle, and the second bending handle can slide back and forth relative to the base.
  • the second bending sheath is installed on the second bending handle, and the second bending sheath passes through the first bending handle and the first bending sheath, and the delivery line The cable passes through the second bending sheath and the second bending handle.
  • the first bending sheath tube mechanism further includes a first support tube.
  • a first gasket is provided inside the first adjusting handle, and a perforation with an axis extending in the front-to-rear direction is opened on the first gasket; the front end of the first support tube is installed on the first adjusting handle The rear end of the handle, and the front end of the first support tube is inserted into the inside of the perforation, the lumen of the first support tube is in communication with the first bending sheath, and the delivery cable passes through the The first bending sheath and the lumen of the first support tube.
  • the first bending handle is rotatably mounted on the base through a rotating structure; and/or, the second bending handle is rotatably mounted on the base through a rotating structure.
  • the rotating structure includes an upper casing, a lower casing, and a buckle, the lower casing is fixed to the base, and the upper casing and the lower casing are connected by the buckle.
  • a bending handle and/or the second bending handle are configured to be sandwiched between the upper casing and the lower casing or from the upper casing and the lower casing when the buckle is opened. Remove between the lower shells.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a medical device, including a fastening nail and a fastening nail implanting device.
  • the fastening nail includes a nail seat and a spiral part.
  • the front end of the spiral portion is formed as a tip, the rear end of the spiral portion is fixedly connected to the front end of the nail holder, and a first positioning portion is provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder.
  • the fastening nail implanting device is configured to implant the fastening nail into the human body;
  • the fastening nail implanting device includes a base and an implant component, and the implant component includes a delivery cable and an anchoring handle.
  • the rear end of the conveying cable is connected to the anchoring handle, and the front end of the conveying cable is provided with a second positioning part that can be buckled with the first positioning part.
  • the anchoring handle is installed on the base, and the anchoring handle is configured to be able to drive the transmission cable to rotate under the first working condition, thereby driving the fastening of the front end of the transmission cable The nails rotate synchronously with the conveying cable, and the conveying cable is driven to release the fastening nails in the second working condition.
  • the beneficial effects of the fastening nails, the fastening nail implantation device and the medical equipment provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include:
  • the first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure provides a fastening nail. Since the front end of the spiral part of the fastening nail is formed as a tip, the fastening nail can be implanted in the human organ or skin tissue by rotating the spiral part. Function, wherein the fastening nail includes a nail seat in addition to the spiral part, and a first positioning part is arranged on the rear end of the nail seat, so that the specific structure and shape of the first positioning part can be set to be suitable for dialing A fork or other conveying device that feeds the fastening nail into the human body, thereby improving the tightness of the combination between the fastening nail and the conveying device, and avoiding the fastening nail from loosening from the conveying device.
  • the fastening nail implanting device configured to implant the fastening nail into the human body.
  • the rear end of the delivery cable is connected to the anchoring handle, and the front end of the delivery cable is provided with a second positioning part capable of interlocking with the first positioning part;
  • the anchoring handle is installed on the base, and
  • the anchor handle is configured to be able to drive the conveying cable to rotate under the first working condition, thereby driving the fastening nails fastened to the front end of the conveying cable to rotate with the conveying cable synchronously, and being able to drive the conveying line under the second working condition Cable release fastening nails. Therefore, the fastening nail implanting device is convenient to operate, which is beneficial to quickly implant the fastening nail into the human body, so as to shorten the operation time, reduce the intraoperative risk, and facilitate the rapid healing of the patient after the operation.
  • the medical device provided by the third aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure is not only convenient to operate, but also can improve the tightness of the combination between the fastening nail and the fastening nail implantation device, and prevent the fastening nail from loosening from the fastening nail implantation device , It is beneficial to quickly implant the fastening nails into the human body, so as to shorten the operation time, reduce the risk during the operation, and facilitate the rapid healing of the patient after the operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a fastening nail provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fastening nail implanting device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure when the fastening nail is installed;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the partial structure of part A in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an exploded structure diagram of Figure 3;
  • Fig. 5 is an exploded structural diagram of part A in Fig. 2 from another perspective;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the anchoring handle of the fastening nail implanting device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure when the shell is not installed and the fastening nail is not installed;
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of the partial structure of part C in Fig. 6;
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of the partial structure of part D in Fig. 6;
  • Figure 9 is an exploded view of part of the structure of the anchoring handle in Figure 8.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the second bending handle in Fig. 2 installed on the base;
  • Fig. 11 is a front cross-sectional view of a partial structure of part B in Fig. 2.
  • Icon 1-fastening nail; 11-nail seat; 110-first positioning part; 111-threaded hole; 120-second positioning part; 130-annular groove; 12-spiral part; 121-tip; 200-base; 310-transport cable; 311-sleeve; 312-rotating cable; 313-spring member; 314-pin; 3141-tapered surface; 320-anchor handle; 321-first rotation knob; 3211-first rotation Housing; 3212-first shaft; 3213-end connecting rod; 322-second rotating knob; 3221-second rotating housing; 3222-second shaft; 323-housing; 3231-seal; 400- Anti-reverse component; 410-pawl component; 420-ratchet structure; 500-anti-rotation component; 600-forward mechanism; 610-forward handle; 620-first gear; 630-second gear; 700-casing bracket 810-first bending sheath mechanism; 811-first bending handle; 812-first bending sheath; 820-second
  • orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “front”, “rear”, “inner”, “outer”, etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the Disclosure of the position or positional relationship that the product is usually placed in use is only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, structure and operation in a specific orientation, therefore It cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure.
  • the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense.
  • it may be a fixed connection or an optional connection.
  • Detachable connection, or integral connection it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • detachable connection, or integral connection it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication between two components.
  • the fastening nail includes a nail seat 11 and a spiral part 12.
  • the front end of the spiral portion 12 is formed as a tip 121, the rear end of the spiral portion 12 is fixedly connected to the front end of the nail holder 11, and a first positioning portion 110 is provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11.
  • the function of implanting the fastening nail 1 into the human organ or skin tissue can be realized by rotating the spiral portion 12.
  • the fastening nail 1 include a nail seat 11 in addition to the spiral portion 12, and a first positioning portion 110 is provided on the rear end surface of the nail seat 11, the specific structure and shape of the first positioning portion 110 can be set It is suitable for shift forks or other conveying devices for inputting fastening nails into the human body, thereby improving the tightness of the combination between the fastening nails 1 and the conveying device, and avoiding the fastening nails 1 from loosening from the conveying device.
  • the spiral portion 12 and the nail base 11 are connected by riveting or welding.
  • the spiral portion 12 is formed by spirally extending the material of the spiral portion 12, and the cross-sectional shape of the material of the spiral portion 12 is not specifically limited. For example, it may be triangular, circular or rectangular.
  • the nail base 11 has a substantially columnar structure.
  • the end surface of the front end of the nail holder 11 and the rear end of the spiral portion 12 are fixedly connected by riveting or welding.
  • the number of the first positioning portion 110 is not specifically limited, and may be one or multiple.
  • the number of the first positioning portion 110 includes one, and the center of the first positioning portion 110 is located on the rotation axis of the fastening nail 1.
  • the number of the first positioning parts 110 may include multiple, and the rotation axis of the plurality of first positioning parts 110 around the fastening nail 1 is distributed in an array on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11.
  • the above-mentioned first positioning portion 110 may be formed in a variety of specific structural forms.
  • the first positioning portion 110 includes a surface provided on the rear end of the nail holder 11
  • the positioning hole is provided at the front end of the conveying device with a positioning protrusion that can be engaged with the positioning hole, and the fastening nail 1 can be rotated through the positioning protrusion and the positioning hole to implant the fastening nail 1 in the human organ or skin
  • the tissue is used for auxiliary suture, wherein the positioning hole and the positioning protrusion are buckled with each other to ensure that the fastening nail 1 does not loosen from the conveying device.
  • the positioning hole may be an oval or polygonal shape, such as a triangle, a rectangle, a hexagon, or a waist shape; in this embodiment, the positioning hole may be a waist-shaped hole.
  • the first positioning portion 110 may also be formed in other specific structural forms.
  • the first positioning portion 110 may include positioning protrusions provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11.
  • the front end is provided with a positioning hole that can be engaged with the positioning protrusion, and the fastening nail 1 can be rotated through the positioning protrusion and the positioning hole to implant the fastening nail 1 in the human organ or skin tissue to assist suture. Function etc.
  • the cross section of the positioning protrusion may be elliptical or polygonal, for example, triangular, rectangular, hexagonal, or waist-shaped.
  • an annular groove 130 may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the nail holder 11, and the surgical use can be tied on the annular groove 130.
  • the polymer suture thread is used to tie the suture thread on the two fastening nails 1 to achieve the function of locking the two fastening nails 1. This method can be applied to the surgical scene where the two parts of the tissue need to be closed. Convenient and help shorten the operation time.
  • a threaded hole 111 is provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11, and the threaded hole 111 is configured to be threadedly fitted with the conveying device.
  • the first positioning portion 110 includes a positioning hole provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11, the above-mentioned threaded hole 111 is opened on the bottom wall of the positioning hole, and the threaded hole 111 rotates along the rotation of the fastening nail 1 The axis direction extends.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a fastening nail implantation device.
  • the fastening nail implantation device is configured to implant the fastener provided by any of the above optional embodiments into the human body Nail 1.
  • the fastening nail implantation device can be considered as a delivery device in the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the fastening nail implantation device may include a base 200 and an implant assembly (not shown in the figure), and the implant assembly includes a delivery cable 310 and an anchoring handle 320. Further, the rear end of the conveying cable 310 is connected to the anchoring handle 320, and the front end of the conveying cable 310 is provided with a second positioning portion 120 that can be interlocked with the first positioning portion 110.
  • the anchor handle 320 is installed on the base 200, and the anchor handle 320 is configured to be able to drive the transmission cable 310 to rotate under the first working condition, thereby driving the fastening nail 1 and the transmission line fastened to the front end of the transmission cable 310
  • the cable 310 rotates synchronously, and the transmission cable 310 is driven to release the fastening nail 1 in the second working condition.
  • the first positioning portion 110 includes a positioning hole provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11
  • the second positioning portion 120 includes a front end of the conveying cable 310. Positioning protrusions, the positioning protrusions and the positioning holes on the nail base 11 are matched with each other. If the first positioning portion 110 includes a positioning protrusion provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11, the second positioning portion 120 includes a positioning hole provided at the front end of the conveying cable 310, and the positioning hole is similar to that on the nail holder 11. The positioning protrusions cooperate with each other.
  • the first positioning portion 110 and the second positioning portion 120 have a one-to-one correspondence, and the shapes are adapted to each other, and both may be oval, triangle, rectangle, hexagon, or waist shape.
  • the transmission cable 310 may include a sleeve 311, a rotating cable 312, and a spring 313, and the rotating cable 312 passes through the sleeve 311 .
  • the anchoring handle 320 may include a housing 323, a first turning knob 321 and a second turning knob 322.
  • the housing 323 is installed on the base 200, the front end of the first rotating knob 321 is installed inside the housing 323, and the first rotating knob 321 can rotate relative to the housing 323.
  • the first rotating knob 321 is provided with a through hole passing through the first rotating knob 321 in the front and rear direction.
  • the front end of the second rotating knob 322 is sleeved on the rear end of the first rotating knob 321. It should be understood that the front end of the second rotating knob 322 The through hole extends into the rear end of the first rotating knob 321.
  • the second rotating knob 322 can rotate relative to the first rotating knob 321.
  • the rear end of the first rotating knob 321 and the second rotating knob 322 are both located outside the housing.
  • the rear end of the sleeve 311 is connected to the front end of the first rotating knob 321, and the rear end of the rotating cable 312 is connected to the front end of the second rotating knob 322 via the spring member 313.
  • the second positioning portion 120 is provided at the front end of the sleeve 311, a pin 314 is connected to the front end of the rotating cable 312, and a threaded hole 111 is provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11.
  • the first positioning portion 110 in this embodiment includes a positioning hole provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail holder 11, and the above-mentioned threaded hole 111 is opened on the bottom wall of the positioning hole.
  • the second positioning portion 120 includes a positioning protrusion protruding from the front end of the sleeve 311, the positioning protrusion is matched with the positioning hole of the nail holder 11, the positioning protrusion is provided with an opening communicating with the inside of the sleeve 311, and the opening is configured as
  • the supply pin 314 penetrates outward from the inside of the sleeve 311. On the outer peripheral surface of the pin 314 is provided an external thread that is matched with the threaded hole 111.
  • the rear end of the pin 314 and the front end of the rotating cable 312 are connected by a tapered surface 3141 whose diameter gradually increases from the pin 314 toward the rotating cable 312.
  • a tapered surface 3141 On the inner wall surface of the front end of the sleeve 311 is provided another tapered abutting surface (not shown) that cooperates with the tapered surface 3141.
  • Rotating the cable 312 can drive the pin 314 to slide back and forth inside the sleeve 311, and when the aforementioned tapered surface 3141 is in contact with another tapered abutment surface provided on the inner wall surface of the front end of the sleeve 311, the pin 314 faces each other.
  • the pin 314 is screwed into the threaded hole 111 provided on the end surface of the rear end of the nail seat 11 of the fastening nail 1, and the fastening nail 1
  • the first positioning portion 110 on the nail holder 11 and the second positioning portion 120 at the front end of the sleeve 311 are engaged with each other.
  • the spring member 313 is in a stretched state, and the rear end surface of the nail holder 11 of the fastening nail 1 abuts the front end surface of the sleeve 311.
  • the sleeve 311 By rotating the first rotating knob 321, the sleeve 311 can be rotated, so that the sleeve 311 drives the fastening nail 1 to rotate forward so that the front end of the fastening nail 1 is nailed into the human organ or skin tissue.
  • the pin 314 After rotating in place, by turning the second rotating knob 322 in the opposite direction, the pin 314 can be rotated relative to the screwed fastening nail 1 inside the sleeve 311, so that the pin 314 is separated from the fastening nail 1. At this time, Under the action of the elastic restoring force of the spring member 313, the pin 314 retracts to the inside of the sleeve 311.
  • the front end of the pin 314 is located outside the sleeve 311 and damaging the human body after the pin 314 is separated from the fastening nail 1; at the same time, the spring member 313 is provided to ensure that the pin 314 is separated from the tightening pin 1.
  • the pin 314 Before fixing the nail 1, the pin 314 always has a movement tendency to pull the fastening nail 1 backward so that the rear end surface of the nail seat 11 of the fastening nail 1 abuts the front end surface of the sleeve 311, so as to ensure that the pin 314 is separated from the fastening
  • nail 1 the sleeve 311 and the fastening nail 1 are sleeved with each other.
  • the sleeve 311 controls the fastening nail 1 not to rotate, thereby ensuring that the pin 314 can be smoothly released from the tightening.
  • Fixed nail 1 Fixed nail 1.
  • an anti-reversal component 400 is provided between the front end of the first rotating knob 321 and the housing 323; and/or, the first rotating knob 321 and the second An anti-rotation component 500 is connected between the two rotating knobs 322 in a removable manner.
  • “and/or” means that "the anti-reversal component 400 is provided between the front end of the first rotating knob 321 and the housing 323” and “the first rotating knob 321 and the second rotating knob 322 are arranged between the first rotating knob 321 and the second rotating knob 322.
  • the anti-rotation component 500 is connected in a dismountable manner, only the former, only the latter, or both the former and the latter are provided.
  • the first rotating knob 321 may include an end connecting rod 3213 and a first The shaft 3212 and the first rotating housing 3211.
  • the end connecting rod 3213 and the first shaft 3212 are sleeved inside the housing 323.
  • the first rotating housing 3211 is detachably connected to one end of the first shaft 3212, and the other end of the first shaft 3212 is detachably connected to the end connecting rod 3213.
  • one end of the first rotating housing 3211 has a cylindrical structure
  • a bayonet is provided on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical structure
  • a block is provided on the peripheral wall of one end of the first shaft 3212
  • one end of the first shaft 3212 extends into Inside one end of the first rotating shell 3211, the locking block is in a snap fit with the bayonet.
  • the other end of the first shaft 3212 is provided with a protruding portion along its axis, and the protruding portion is matched with a hole at one end of the end connecting rod 3213. Therefore, the end connecting rod 3213, the first shaft rod 3212, and the first rotating housing 3211 are firmly connected to each other, and they are easy to disassemble and assemble each other.
  • the anti-reversal component 400 may include a pawl component 410 and a ratchet structure 420 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first shaft 3212, and the pawl of the pawl component 410 and the ratchet structure 420 are meshed with each other.
  • the end of the pawl component 410 away from the ratchet structure 420 penetrates the housing 323.
  • the second rotating knob 322 includes a second shaft 3222 and a second rotating housing 3221 connected to the rear end of the second shaft 3222.
  • the second shaft 3222 is sleeved inside the first rotating housing 3211, and the rear end of the spring member 313 is connected to the front end of the second shaft 3222.
  • the sleeve 311 can only follow the second rotating housing 3221 to rotate in the forward direction, and the second rotating housing 3221 is operated to rotate to make the pin 314 During the reverse rotation relative to the fastening nail 1 to separate from the fastening nail 1, it is ensured that the sleeve 311 does not follow the second rotating housing 3221 to rotate in the reverse direction, thereby ensuring that the pin 314 is smoothly separated from the fastening nail 1.
  • the structure of the anti-reversal component 400 may also be other structures.
  • the pawl component 410 is replaced with a pawl provided on the inner wall of the housing 323, and the pawl is engaged with the ratchet structure 420.
  • the above anti-rotation component 500 has various specific structural forms.
  • the anti-rotation component 500 is connected to the first rotating knob 321 and the second rotating knob in a dismountable manner. Between the knobs 322.
  • the anti-rotation component 500 is configured to synchronously rotate the first rotation knob 321 and the second rotation knob 322.
  • a first positioning hole can be opened on the rear end surface of the first rotating knob 321, and a second positioning hole penetrating the second rotating knob 322 in the front-to-rear direction can be opened on the second rotating knob 322.
  • One end passes through the second positioning hole and then extends into the first positioning hole to avoid rotating the first rotating knob 321 to implant the fastening nail 1 into the human organ or skin tissue, the second rotating knob 322 is relative to the first rotating knob 321 Rotate, and pull out the anti-rotation component 500 when the second rotation knob 322 needs to be individually rotated to disengage the pin 314 from the fastening nail 1.
  • the fastening nail implantation device may further include an advancement mechanism 600 and a sleeve support 700.
  • the forward mechanism 600 includes a forward handle 610, a first gear 620 and a second gear 630.
  • the forward handle 610 is fixedly connected to the sleeve support 700, the rotating cable 312 passes through the lumen of the sleeve support 700, and the front end of the first rotating knob 321 is rotated and connected to the rear end of the lumen of the sleeve support 700, and is connected to the rear end of the lumen of the sleeve support 700.
  • An avoiding hole for avoiding the pawl component 410 is opened on 700.
  • the first gear 620 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the forward handle 610
  • the second gear 630 is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting rod 3213 at the end of the first rotating knob 321
  • the first gear 620 and the second gear 630 are meshed with each other.
  • the bracket 700 is provided with a window through which the second gear 630 is exposed.
  • the sleeve bracket 700 can be made to face the housing during the process of implanting the fastening nail 1 into the human organ or skin tissue through the first rotating knob 321.
  • a sealing member 3231 is also provided inside the housing 323, and the sleeve 311 passes through the sealing member 3231 to prevent blood leakage.
  • the fastening nail implanting device may further include a first bending sheath mechanism 810.
  • the first bending sheath mechanism 810 may include a first bending handle 811 and a first bending sheath 812.
  • the first bending handle 811 is installed on the base 200 and located in front of the anchoring handle 320.
  • the sheath 812 is installed on the first bending handle 811, and the transmission cable 310 passes through the first bending sheath 812 and the first bending handle 811.
  • the first bending handle 811 includes a bending knob 8100, a bending screw 8200, and a bending slider 8300.
  • the bending slider 8300 is threaded to the bending screw 8200, a bending wire is connected between the front end of the first bending sheath 812 and the bending slider 8300, the rear end of the bending screw 8200 and the bending knob 8100 Connection, by rotating the bending knob 8100, the bending screw 8200 can be rotated, and then the bending slider 8300 can slide along the length of the bending screw 8200, and then the bending wire can be tightened or released to achieve the first adjustment.
  • the fastening nail implanting device may further include a second bending sheath mechanism 820, and the second bending sheath mechanism 820 may include a second bending handle 821 and a second bending sheath 822.
  • the second bending handle 821 is installed on the base 200 and is located between the first bending handle 811 and the anchoring handle 320, and the second bending handle 821 can slide back and forth relative to the base 200.
  • the second bending sheath 822 is installed on the second bending handle 821, and the second bending sheath 822 passes through the first bending handle 811 and the first bending sheath 812, and the delivery cable 310 passes through the second bending handle.
  • the bending sheath 822 and the second bending handle 821 is installed on the base 200 and is located between the first bending handle 811 and the anchoring handle 320, and the second bending handle 821 can slide back and forth relative to the base 200.
  • the second bending sheath 822 is installed on the second
  • the bending principle of the second bending handle 821 is the same as that of the first bending handle 811. Therefore, the second bending handle 821 can be used to assist the first bending handle 811 to adjust the implant angle for the second time.
  • the handle 811 enables the implantation angle to be bent by 90 degrees before implantation, and the second bending handle 821 can realize the implantation after bending by 180 degrees on this basis.
  • the second bending handle 821 passes through the front and rear adjustment structure 1000 Connected to the base 200, the front and rear adjustment structure 1000 includes an adjustment knob 1100, a gear 1200, a rack 1300, and a limit plate 1400.
  • the rack 1300 is arranged at the bottom of the second bending handle 821, and one end of the adjustment knob 1100 is fixedly connected with a shaft ,
  • the rotating shaft passes through the long limiting hole on the limiting plate 1400, the gear 1200 is fixed to the end of the rotating shaft away from the adjusting knob 1100, the limiting plate 1400 is fixed on the base 200, and the rotating shaft can slide along the long limiting hole and located in the limiting At the two limit positions of the long hole, at one of the limit positions, the gear 1200 can mesh with the rack 1300, and the rack 1300 extends in the front-to-back direction.
  • the adjusting knob 1100, and the second bending handle 821 can be opposite The base 200 moves back and forth. At another limit position, the gear 1200 can be disengaged from the rack 1300. At this time, the second bending handle 821 can be removed from the base 200; with the above structure, the first bending handle 811 can be used Initially adjust the implant position and implant angle, and then use the second bending handle 821 to finely adjust the implant position and implant angle to increase the accuracy of the implant position.
  • the first bending handle 811 may be rotated and installed on the base 200 through the rotating structure 900; and/or, the second bending handle 821 may be rotated through the rotating structure 900 Installed on the base 200, where “and/or” means “the first bending handle 811 is rotatably mounted on the base 200 through the rotating structure 900" and “the second bending handle 821 is rotatably mounted on the base 200 through the rotating structure 900" Only the former or only the latter or both the former and the latter are set in the structure of.
  • the rotating structure 900 may include an upper housing 910, a lower housing 920, and a buckle 930.
  • the lower housing 920 is fixed to the base 200 between the upper housing 910 and the lower housing 920.
  • the bending handle of the bending sheath mechanism can be clamped between the upper housing 910 and the lower housing 920 or removed from between the upper housing 910 and the lower housing 920.
  • the bending handle, the bending handle of the bending sheath mechanism can rotate between the upper housing 910 and the lower housing 920, so that the implantation angle can be adjusted more conveniently.
  • the first bending sheath mechanism 810 further includes a first support tube 830
  • a first gasket 8111 is provided inside the first bending handle 811, and a perforation with an axis extending in the front-to-rear direction is provided on the first gasket 8111; the front end of the first support tube 830 is installed on the first bending handle 811 The rear end of the first support tube 830 and the front end of the first support tube 830 are inserted into the inside of the perforation.
  • the lumen of the first support tube 830 communicates with the first bending sheath 812, and the delivery cable 310 passes through the first bending sheath 812 and The lumen of the first support tube 830, therefore, the first support tube 830 can be used to pre-stretch the perforations opened on the first gasket 8111, so that the process of disassembling and assembling the transmission cable 310 is simpler and more convenient.
  • the second bending sheath tube mechanism 820 also includes a second supporting tube with the same structure as the first supporting tube 830.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a medical device.
  • the medical device includes the fastening nail 1 and the fastening nail implanting device provided in the above-mentioned embodiment, and the fastening nail implanting device is configured to be implanted into the human body. Nail 1.
  • the fastening nails provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to shift forks or other delivery devices that input the fastening nails into the human body, thereby improving the tightness of the combination between the fastening nails and the delivery device, and avoiding fastening The nail is loose from the conveying device.
  • the fastening nail implanting device provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is convenient to operate, which is beneficial to quickly implant the fastening nail into the human body, so as to shorten the operation time, reduce the intraoperative risk, and facilitate rapid postoperative healing of the patient.
  • the medical device of the embodiment of the present disclosure is not only convenient to operate, but also can improve the tightness of the combination between the fastening nail and the fastening nail implanting device, avoiding the loosening of the fastening nail from the fastening nail implanting device, and facilitating rapid delivery.
  • Fastening nails are implanted in the human body.

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Abstract

公开了一种紧固钉(1)和紧固钉植入装置，其中紧固钉(1)包括钉座(11)和螺旋部(12)，螺旋部(12)的前端形成为尖端(121)，螺旋部(12)的后端固定连接于钉座(11)的前端，在钉座(11)的后端的端面上设置有第一定位部(110)。紧固钉植入装置配置为向人体内植入紧固钉(1)；包括底座(200)、输送线缆(310)和锚定手柄(320)；输送线缆(310)后端连接于锚定手柄(320)，输送线缆(310)前端设置有第二定位部(120)；锚定手柄(320)安装于底座(200)，且锚定手柄(320)配置成能够于第一工况下驱动输送线缆(310)转动，以及于第二工况下驱动输送线缆(310)释放紧固钉(1)。本公开改善了现有技术中使用拨叉向人体组织旋入紧固钉时紧固钉容易从拨叉上松脱，从而延缓手术完成时间，增加病人在手术中的风险，且不利于病人术后伤口愈合的技术问题。还同时公开了相应的医疗设备。

Description

紧固钉、紧固钉植入装置和医疗器械
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求于2020年05月29日提交中国专利局的申请号为202010482437.9、名称为“紧固钉和紧固钉植入装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本公开涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其是涉及一种紧固钉、紧固钉植入装置和医疗器械。
背景技术
在手术治疗时，通常需要使用到医用紧固钉，通过将医用紧固钉钉入到人体器官或皮肤组织，从而辅助缝合，现有技术中采用的紧固钉通常为简单的螺旋结构，通过使拨叉插入进紧固钉的一端的圈内，然后旋转拨叉，进而将紧固钉旋入人体器官或皮肤组织中，但是，采用现有技术的结构对紧固钉进行旋转过程中，紧固钉的后端，即手术治疗时常称的远端处的端部圈通常为圆形结构，拨叉则通常为方形结构，二者之间难以牢固结合，从而旋转过程中容易出现紧固钉松脱的现象，进而延缓手术完成时间，增加病人在手术中的风险，且不利于病人术后伤口愈合。
发明内容
本公开的目的之一包括提供一种紧固钉，其能够改善现有技术中使用拨叉向人体组织旋入紧固钉时紧固钉容易从拨叉上松脱，从而延缓手术完成时间，增加病人在手术中的风险，且不利于病人术后伤口愈合的技术问题。
本公开的另一目的包括提供一种紧固钉植入装置，以改善现有技术中使用拨叉向人体组织旋入紧固钉时紧固钉容易从拨叉上松脱，从而延缓手术完成时间，增加病人在手术中的风险，且不利于病人术后伤口愈合的技术问题。
本公开的又一目的包括提供一种医疗器械，其能够提高紧固钉与紧固钉植入装置之间结合的紧密性，避免紧固钉从紧固钉植入装置松脱，有利于快速向人体内植入紧固钉。
为实现上述目的，本公开实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本公开实施例提供一种紧固钉，包括钉座和螺旋部，所述螺旋部的前端形成为尖端，所述螺旋部的后端固定连接于所述钉座的前端，在所述钉座的后端的端面上设置有第一定位部。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一定位部包括设置于所述钉座的后端的端面上的定位孔或定位凸起。
在可选的实施方式中，所述定位孔为椭圆形、三角形、矩形、六角形或者腰形；或者，所述定位凸起的截面为椭圆形、三角形、矩形、六角形或者腰形。
在可选的实施方式中，所述定位孔的底壁上开设有螺纹孔，所述螺纹孔配置为与输送装置螺纹配合，所述螺纹孔沿所述紧固钉旋转的回转轴线方向延伸。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一定位部的中心位于所述紧固钉旋转的回转轴线上；或者，所述第一定位部为多个，多个所述第一定位部绕所述紧固钉旋转的回转轴线阵列分布于所述钉座的后端的端面上。
在可选的实施方式中，所述钉座的外周面上设置有环形槽，所述环形槽配置为绑系手术用高分子缝合线。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供一种紧固钉植入装置，该紧固钉植入装置配置为向人体内植入紧固钉；所述紧固钉包括钉座和螺旋部，所述螺旋部的前端形成为尖端，所述螺旋部的后端固定连接于所述钉座的前端，在所述钉座的后端的端面上设置有第一定位部。
所述紧固钉植入装置包括底座和植入组件，所述植入组件包括输送线缆和锚定手柄。
所述输送线缆的后端连接于所述锚定手柄，所述输送线缆的前端设置有能够与所述第一定位部相互扣合的第二定位部。
所述锚定手柄安装于所述底座，且所述锚定手柄配置成：能够于第一工况下驱动所述输送线缆转动，进而带动扣合于所述输送线缆的前端的紧固钉与所述输送线缆同步转动，以及，于第二工况下驱动所述输送线缆释放所述紧固钉。
在可选的实施方式中，所述输送线缆包括套管、转动线缆和弹簧件，所述转动线缆穿过所述套管。
所述锚定手柄包括外壳、第一转动旋钮和第二转动旋钮，所述外壳安装于所述底座，所述第一转动旋钮的前端安装于所述外壳的内部，且所述第一转动旋钮能够相对所述外壳转动。
在所述第一转动旋钮上设置有沿前后方向贯通所述第一转动旋钮的通孔，所述第二转动旋钮的前端套装于所述第一转动旋钮的后端，且所述第二转动旋钮能够相对所述第一转动旋钮转动；所述第一转动旋钮的后端和所述第二转动旋钮均位于所述外壳的外部。
所述套管的后端与所述第一转动旋钮的前端连接，所述转动线缆的后端通过所述弹簧件与所述第二转动旋钮的前端连接。
所述第二定位部设置于所述套管的前端，在所述转动线缆的前端连接有销钉，在所述钉座的后端的端面上设置有螺纹孔，在所述销钉的外周面上设置有与所述螺纹孔相配合的外螺纹。
在可选的实施方式中，所述销钉的后端与所述转动线缆的前端通过由所述销钉向所述转动线缆方向直径逐渐增加的锥形面连接，在套管的前端内壁面上设置有与该锥形面配合的锥形抵接面，所述转动线缆配置为带动所述销钉在所述套管的内部前后滑动，且在所述锥形面与设置于所述套管的前端内壁面上的所述锥形抵接面抵接时，所述销钉的前端伸出所述套管的前端并与所述螺纹孔配合。
在可选的实施方式中，在所述第一转动旋钮的前端和所述外壳之间设置有 防反转部件；所述防反转部件配置为在所述销钉相对紧固钉反向转动从而脱离于紧固钉的过程中，防止所述套管跟随所述第二转动壳体反向转动。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一转动旋钮包括由前至后依次连接的端部连接杆、第一轴杆和第一转动壳体，所述端部连接杆和所述第一轴杆套装于外壳的内部；所述防反转部件包括棘爪部件和设置于第一轴杆的外周面上的棘齿结构，所述棘爪部件的棘爪与所述棘齿结构相互啮合。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第二转动旋钮包括第二轴杆和连接于所述第二轴杆的后端的第二转动壳体，所述第二轴杆套接于所述第一转动壳体的内部，所述弹簧件的后端连接于所述第二轴杆的前端。
在可选的实施方式中，在所述第一转动旋钮和所述第二转动旋钮之间以能够拆装的方式连接有防转部件，所述防转部件配置为使所述第一转动旋钮和所述第二转动旋钮同步转动。
所述第一转动旋钮的后端端面上开设第一定位孔，在所述第二转动旋钮上开设沿前后方向贯通所述第二转动旋钮的第二定位孔，所述防转部件的一端穿过所述第二定位孔后伸入于所述第一定位孔。
在可选的实施方式中，所述紧固钉植入装置还包括前进机构和套管支架，所述前进机构包括前进手柄、第一齿轮和第二齿轮。
所述前进手柄固定连接于所述套管支架，所述转动线缆穿过所述套管支架的管腔，所述第一转动旋钮的前端转动连接于所述套管支架的管腔的后端。
所述第一齿轮设置于所述前进手柄，所述第二齿轮设置于所述第一转动旋钮，且所述第一齿轮与所述第二齿轮相互啮合。
在可选的实施方式中，所述紧固钉植入装置还包括第一调弯鞘管机构，所述第一调弯鞘管机构包括第一调弯手柄和第一调弯鞘管，所述第一调弯手柄安装于所述底座且位于所述锚定手柄的前方，所述第一调弯鞘管安装于所述第一调弯手柄，所述输送线缆穿过所述第一调弯鞘管和所述第一调弯手柄。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一调弯手柄包括调弯旋钮、调弯螺杆和调弯滑块。所述调弯滑块螺纹套接于所述调弯螺杆，在所述第一调弯鞘管的前端和所述调弯滑块之间连接有调弯丝，所述调弯螺杆的后端与所述调弯旋钮连接，所述调弯旋钮配置为带动所述调弯螺杆转动，以使所述调弯滑块沿着所述调弯螺杆的长度方向滑动，进而拉紧或释放所述调弯丝，以调节所述第一调弯鞘管的弯度。
在可选的实施方式中，所述紧固钉植入装置还包括第二调弯鞘管机构，所述第二调弯鞘管机构包括第二调弯手柄和第二调弯鞘管，所述第二调弯手柄安装于所述底座且位于所述第一调弯手柄和所述锚定手柄之间，且所述第二调弯手柄能够相对所述底座前后滑动。所述第二调弯鞘管安装于所述第二调弯手柄，且所述第二调弯鞘管穿过所述第一调弯手柄和所述第一调弯鞘管，所述输送线缆穿过所述第二调弯鞘管和所述第二调弯手柄。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一调弯鞘管机构还包括第一支撑管件。在所述第一调弯手柄的内部设置有第一密封垫，在所述第一密封垫上开设有轴线沿前后方向延伸的穿孔；所述第一支撑管件的前端安装于所述第一调弯手柄的后 端，且所述第一支撑管件的前端插入于所述穿孔的内部，所述第一支撑管件的管腔与所述第一调弯鞘管连通，所述输送线缆穿过所述第一调弯鞘管和所述第一支撑管件的管腔。
在可选的实施方式中，所述第一调弯手柄通过转动结构转动安装于所述底座；和/或，所述第二调弯手柄通过转动结构转动安装于所述底座。所述转动结构包括上壳体、下壳体以及卡扣，所述下壳体固定于所述底座，所述上壳体与所述下壳体之间通过所述卡扣连接，所述第一调弯手柄和/或所述第二调弯手柄配置为：在所述卡扣打开的状态下夹设于所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间或从所述上壳体和所述下壳体之间取下。
第三方面，本公开的实施例还提供了一种医疗设备，包括紧固钉和紧固钉植入装置。其中，所述紧固钉包括钉座和螺旋部。所述螺旋部的前端形成为尖端，所述螺旋部的后端固定连接于所述钉座的前端，在所述钉座的后端的端面上设置有第一定位部。所述紧固钉植入装置配置为向人体内植入所述紧固钉；所述紧固钉植入装置包括底座和植入组件，所述植入组件包括输送线缆和锚定手柄。所述输送线缆的后端连接于所述锚定手柄，所述输送线缆的前端设置有能够与所述第一定位部相互扣合的第二定位部。所述锚定手柄安装于所述底座，且所述锚定手柄配置成：能够于第一工况下驱动所述输送线缆转动，进而带动扣合于所述输送线缆的前端的紧固钉与所述输送线缆同步转动，以及，于第二工况下驱动所述输送线缆释放所述紧固钉。
本公开实施例提供的紧固钉、紧固钉植入装置和医疗器械的有益效果包括：
本公开实施例的第一方面提供一种紧固钉，该紧固钉由于螺旋部的前端形成为尖端，从而，通过旋转螺旋部即可实现将紧固钉植入于人体器官或皮肤组织的功能，其中，通过使紧固钉除去螺旋部部位以外还包括钉座，并在钉座的后端端面上设置第一定位部，从而可通过设置第一定位部的具体结构形状以适用于拨叉或其他向人体内输入紧固钉的输送装置，进而提高紧固钉与输送装置之间结合的紧密性，避免紧固钉从输送装置松脱。
另外，本公开实施例的第二方面提供的紧固钉植入装置配置为向人体内植入紧固钉。该紧固钉植入装置由于输送线缆的后端连接于锚定手柄，输送线缆的前端设置有能够与第一定位部相互扣合的第二定位部；锚定手柄安装于底座，且锚定手柄配置成能够于第一工况下驱动输送线缆转动，进而带动扣合于输送线缆的前端的紧固钉与输送线缆同步转动，并且能够于第二工况下驱动输送线缆释放紧固钉。因此，该紧固钉植入装置操作方便，有利于快速向人体内植入紧固钉，以缩短手术时间，降低术中风险，有利于病人术后快速愈合。
本公开实施例的第三方面提供的医疗器械，不仅操作方便，并且可提高紧固钉与紧固钉植入装置之间结合的紧密性，避免紧固钉从紧固钉植入装置松脱，有利于快速向人体内植入紧固钉，以缩短手术时间，降低术中风险，有利于病人术后快速愈合。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本公开的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本公开实施例提供的紧固钉的整体结构示意图；
图2本公开实施例提供的紧固钉植入装置的安装有紧固钉状态下的整体结构示意图；
图3为图2中A部分的局部结构放大图；
图4为图3的爆炸结构图；
图5为图2中A部分的另一视角下的爆炸结构图；
图6为本公开实施例提供的紧固钉植入装置的锚定手柄未安装有外壳且未安装有紧固钉状态下的整体结构示意图；
图7为图6中C部分的局部结构放大图；
图8为图6中D部分的局部结构放大图；
图9为图8中锚定手柄的部分结构爆炸图；
图10为图2中第二调弯手柄安装于底座的安装结构示意图；
图11为图2中B部分的局部结构正剖图。
图标：1-紧固钉；11-钉座；110-第一定位部；111-螺纹孔；120-第二定位部；130-环形槽；12-螺旋部；121-尖端；200-底座；310-输送线缆；311-套管；312-转动线缆；313-弹簧件；314-销钉；3141-锥形面；320-锚定手柄；321-第一转动旋钮；3211-第一转动壳体；3212-第一轴杆；3213-端部连接杆；322-第二转动旋钮；3221-第二转动壳体；3222-第二轴杆；323-外壳；3231-密封件；400-防反转部件；410-棘爪部件；420-棘齿结构；500-防转部件；600-前进机构；610-前进手柄；620-第一齿轮；630-第二齿轮；700-套管支架；810-第一调弯鞘管机构；811-第一调弯手柄；812-第一调弯鞘管；820-第二调弯鞘管机构；821-第二调弯手柄；822-第二调弯鞘管；8100-调弯旋钮；8200-调弯螺杆；8300-调弯滑块；8111-第一密封垫；830-第一支撑管件；900-转动结构；910-上壳体；920-下壳体；930-卡扣；1000-前后调节结构；1100-调节旋钮；1200-齿轮；1300-齿条；1400-限位板。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本公开实施例的组件可以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本公开的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本公开的范围，而是仅仅表示本公开的选定实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某 一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“前”、“后”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该公开产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本公开的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本公开中的具体含义。
下面结合附图，对本公开的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
本公开的实施例提供了一种紧固钉，参照图1，该紧固钉包括钉座11和螺旋部12。螺旋部12的前端形成为尖端121，螺旋部12的后端固定连接于钉座11的前端，在钉座11的后端的端面上设置有第一定位部110。
本实施例中，由于螺旋部12的前端形成为尖端121，从而通过旋转螺旋部12即可实现将紧固钉1植入于人体器官或皮肤组织的功能。其中，通过使紧固钉1除去螺旋部12部位以外还包括钉座11，并在钉座11的后端端面上设置第一定位部110，从而可通过设置第一定位部110的具体结构形状以适用于拨叉或其他向人体内输入紧固钉的输送装置，进而提高紧固钉1与输送装置之间结合的紧密性，避免紧固钉1从输送装置松脱。
可选地，螺旋部12与钉座11通过铆接或焊接的方式连接。螺旋部12由制成材料呈螺旋状延伸形成，螺旋部12的制成材料的截面形状并不作具体限定，例如可以为三角形、圆形或矩形。
钉座11大致呈柱状结构。可选地，钉座11的前端的端面与螺旋部12的后端通过铆接或焊接的方式固定连接。
第一定位部110的数量并不作具体限定，可以为一个，也可以为多个。例如第一定位部110的数量包括一个，第一定位部110的中心位于紧固钉1旋转的回转轴线上。又例如，第一定位部110的数量可以包括多个，多个第一定位部110绕紧固钉1旋转的回转轴线阵列分布于钉座11的后端的端面上。
在本实施例的可选实施方式中，上述第一定位部110可形成为多种具体的结构形式，例如但不限于，使第一定位部110包括设置于钉座11的后端的端面上的定位孔，通过在输送装置的前端设置能够与该定位孔相扣合的定位凸起，即可通过该定位凸起和定位孔实现旋转紧固钉1以将紧固钉1植入于人体器官或皮肤组织以辅助缝合，其中，定位孔与定位凸起相互扣合，以确保紧固钉1不从输送装置上松脱。另外，上述定位孔可以是一个也可以是多个，对应的定位凸起具有与定位孔一一对应的数量。另外，可选地，定位孔可以为椭圆 形或多边形等，例如三角形、矩形、六角形或者腰形；在本实施例中，定位孔可以为腰形孔。
当然，上述第一定位部110还可以是形成为其他具体结构形式，例如但不限于，使上述第一定位部110包括设置于钉座11的后端的端面上的定位凸起，通过在输送装置的前端设置能够与该定位凸起相扣合的定位孔，即可通过该定位凸起和定位孔实现旋转紧固钉1以将紧固钉1植入于人体器官或皮肤组织以辅助缝合的功能等。另外，上述定位凸起可以是一个也可以是多个，对应的定位孔具有与上述定位凸起一一对应的数量。另外，可选地，上述定位凸起的截面可以为椭圆形或多边形等，例如三角形、矩形、六角形或者腰形。另外，为便于对两个紧固钉1之间的间距进行锁紧，可如图1所示，在钉座11的外周面上可以设置环形槽130，通过在环形槽130上绑系手术用高分子缝合线，并将两个紧固钉1上的缝合线打结，达到锁紧两个紧固钉1的功能，该方式可应用于需要将组织的两部分闭合的手术场景中，操作方便，有利于缩短手术时间。
本实施例中，为了进一步保证紧固钉1与输送装置的固定以及解除固定，在钉座11的后端的端面上设置有螺纹孔111，该螺纹孔111配置为与输送装置螺纹配合。可选地，第一定位部110包括设置于钉座11的后端的端面上的定位孔，上述的螺纹孔111开设于定位孔的底壁上，该螺纹孔111沿紧固钉1旋转的回转轴线方向延伸。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种紧固钉植入装置，参照图2，结合图1，该紧固钉植入装置配置为向人体内植入上述任一可选实施例提供的紧固钉1。该紧固钉植入装置可以认为是上述实施例中的一种输送装置。
可选地，该紧固钉植入装置可以包括底座200和植入组件(图未标示)，植入组件包括输送线缆310和锚定手柄320。进一步地，输送线缆310的后端连接于锚定手柄320，输送线缆310的前端设置有能够与第一定位部110相互扣合的第二定位部120。锚定手柄320安装于底座200，且锚定手柄320配置成：能够于第一工况下驱动输送线缆310转动，进而带动扣合于输送线缆310的前端的紧固钉1与输送线缆310同步转动，以及，于第二工况下驱动输送线缆310释放紧固钉1。
需要说明的是，在本公开的实施例中，若第一定位部110包括设置于钉座11的后端的端面上的定位孔，则第二定位部120包括设置于输送线缆310的前端的定位凸起，该定位凸起与钉座11上的定位孔相互配合。若第一定位部110包括设置于钉座11的后端的端面上的定位凸起，则第二定位部120包括设置于输送线缆310的前端的定位孔，该定位孔与钉座11上的定位凸起相互配合。另外，第一定位部110和第二定位部120一一对应，且形状相互适配，均可以为椭圆形、三角形、矩形、六角形或者腰形等。
参照图2至图7，在本实施例的可选实施方式中，可选地，输送线缆310可以包括套管311、转动线缆312和弹簧件313，转动线缆312穿过套管311。
参考图2、图8和图9，锚定手柄320可以包括外壳323、第一转动旋钮321和第二转动旋钮322。外壳323安装于底座200，第一转动旋钮321的前端安装于外壳323的内部，且第一转动旋钮321能够相对外壳323转动。在第 一转动旋钮321上设置有沿前后方向贯通第一转动旋钮321的通孔，第二转动旋钮322的前端套装于第一转动旋钮321的后端，应当理解，第二转动旋钮322的前端由上述通孔伸入至第一转动旋钮321的后端内。并且第二转动旋钮322能够相对第一转动旋钮321转动。第一转动旋钮321的后端和第二转动旋钮322均位于外壳的外部。套管311的后端与第一转动旋钮321的前端连接，转动线缆312的后端通过弹簧件313与第二转动旋钮322的前端连接。继续参照图2至图7，第二定位部120设置于套管311的前端，在转动线缆312的前端连接有销钉314，在钉座11的后端的端面上设置有螺纹孔111。可选地，本实施例中第一定位部110包括设置于钉座11的后端的端面上的定位孔，上述的螺纹孔111开设于定位孔的底壁上。第二定位部120包括凸设于套管311前端的定位凸起，该定位凸起与钉座11的定位孔配合，该定位凸起开设有与套管311内部连通的开口，该开口配置为供销钉314由套管311内部向外穿出。在销钉314的外周面上设置有与螺纹孔111相配合的外螺纹。
进一步地，如图3、图4、图5和图7所示，销钉314的后端与转动线缆312的前端通过由销钉314向转动线缆312方向直径逐渐增加的锥形面3141连接，在套管311的前端内壁面上设置有与该锥形面3141配合的另一锥形抵接面(图未示)。转动线缆312可以带动销钉314在套管311的内部前后滑动，且在前述锥形面3141与设置于套管311的前端内壁面上的另一锥形抵接面抵接时，销钉314相对于套管311伸出至最前端位置，此时，销钉314的前端伸出套管311的前端并与钉座11的后端上的螺纹孔111配合。
在利用锚定手柄320向人体植入紧固钉1时，将销钉314螺纹连接于设置在紧固钉1的钉座11的后端的端面上的螺纹孔111内，并使紧固钉1的钉座11上的第一定位部110与套管311的前端的第二定位部120相互扣合，此时，套管311的前端内壁面上设置的锥形抵接面与锥形面3141相互抵接，弹簧件313处于拉伸状态，紧固钉1的钉座11的后端面与套管311的前端面抵接。通过转动第一转动旋钮321，可转动套管311，从而使套管311带动紧固钉1向前旋转以使紧固钉1的前端钉入人体器官或皮肤组织。旋转到位后，通过反向转动第二转动旋钮322，则可使销钉314在套管311的内部相对旋入的紧固钉1转动，以使销钉314脱离于紧固钉1，此时，在弹簧件313的弹性回复力作用下，销钉314缩回至套管311的内部。本实施例中，通过设置弹簧件313，可避免销钉314脱离于紧固钉1后销钉314的前端位于套管311的外部损伤人体；同时，通过设置弹簧件313，可确保销钉314脱离于紧固钉1之前，销钉314始终具有向后牵拉紧固钉1以使紧固钉1的钉座11的后端面与套管311的前端面抵接的运动趋势，保证销钉314脱离于紧固钉1时套管311与紧固钉1之间相互套接，销钉314相对紧固钉1反向转动的过程中套管311控制紧固钉1不转动，进而确保销钉314能够顺利脱离于紧固钉1。
参照图8和图9，在本公开可选的实施例中，在第一转动旋钮321的前端和外壳323之间设置有防反转部件400；和/或，在第一转动旋钮321和第二转动旋钮322之间以能够拆装的方式连接有防转部件500。其中，“和/或”表示，“在第一转动旋钮321的前端和外壳323之间设置有防反转部件400”的结构 和“在第一转动旋钮321和第二转动旋钮322之间以能够拆装的方式连接有防转部件500”的结构中只设置前者或只设置后者或前者和后者同时设置。
以上防反转部件400的具体结构形式均具有多种，可选地，如图8和图9所示，第一转动旋钮321可以包括由前至后依次连接的端部连接杆3213、第一轴杆3212和第一转动壳体3211。端部连接杆3213和第一轴杆3212套装于外壳323的内部。可选地，第一转动壳体3211与第一轴杆3212的一端可拆卸连接，第一轴杆3212的另一端与端部连接杆3213可拆卸连接。其中，第一转动壳体3211的一端呈筒状结构，其筒状结构的周壁上开设有卡口，第一轴杆3212的一端的周壁设置有卡块，第一轴杆3212的一端伸入第一转动壳体3211的一端内，且卡块与卡口卡持配合。第一轴杆3212的另一端沿其轴线凸设有凸出部，该凸出部与端部连接杆3213一端的卡孔配合。因此，端部连接杆3213、第一轴杆3212和第一转动壳体3211两两之间连接牢靠，且两两相互易于拆装。另外，防反转部件400可以包括棘爪部件410和设置于第一轴杆3212的外周面上的棘齿结构420，棘爪部件410的棘爪与棘齿结构420相互啮合。结合图2，棘爪部件410的远离棘齿结构420的一端穿出外壳323。第二转动旋钮322包括第二轴杆3222和连接于第二轴杆3222的后端的第二转动壳体3221。其中，第二轴杆3222套接于第一转动壳体3211的内部，弹簧件313的后端连接于第二轴杆3222的前端。本公开可选的实施例中，通过设置防反转部件400，可使套管311只能跟随第二转动壳体3221正向转动，而在操作第二转动壳体3221转动，以使销钉314相对紧固钉1反向转动从而脱离于紧固钉1的过程中，保证套管311不跟随第二转动壳体3221反向转动，进而确保销钉314顺利脱离于紧固钉1。当然，上述防反转部件400的结构还可以是其他结构，例如，将上述的棘爪部件410替换为设置于外壳323内壁上的棘爪，并使该棘爪与棘齿结构420啮合等。
另外，以上防转部件500的具体结构形式均具有多种，可选地，如图8和图9所示，防转部件500以能够拆装的方式连接于第一转动旋钮321和第二转动旋钮322之间。防转部件500配置成使第一转动旋钮321和第二转动旋钮322同步转动。可选地，可在第一转动旋钮321的后端端面上开设第一定位孔，在第二转动旋钮322上开设沿前后方向贯通第二转动旋钮322的第二定位孔，防转部件500的一端穿过第二定位孔后伸入于第一定位孔，以避免转动第一转动旋钮321向人体器官或皮肤组织植入紧固钉1时，第二转动旋钮322相对于第一转动旋钮321转动，当需要单独转动第二转动旋钮322使销钉314脱离于紧固钉1时拔出防转部件500即可。
继续参照图8和图9，在本公开可选的实施例中，该紧固钉植入装置还可以包括前进机构600和套管支架700。其中，前进机构600包括前进手柄610、第一齿轮620和第二齿轮630。前进手柄610固定连接于套管支架700，转动线缆312穿过套管支架700的管腔，第一转动旋钮321的前端转动连接于套管支架700的管腔的后端，在套管支架700上开设避让棘爪部件410的避让孔。第一齿轮620设置于前进手柄610的外周面，第二齿轮630设置于第一转动旋钮321的端部连接杆3213的外周面，且第一齿轮620与第二齿轮630相互啮 合，在套管支架700上开设有供第二齿轮630露出的窗口。在本公开可选的实施例中，通过设置前进机构600，从而，可在通过第一转动旋钮321向人体器官或皮肤组织中植入紧固钉1的过程中，使套管支架700相对外壳323向前滑动，以避免套管支架700对紧固钉1提供向后牵拉的拉力，确保紧固钉1快速旋入人体器官或皮肤组织，可选地，设置于销钉314上的外螺纹的螺距与设置于前进机构600上的第一齿轮620的齿距相等，以使套管支架700相对外壳323向前滑动的距离与紧固钉1钉入人体器官或皮肤组织的距离相等。
另外，如图9所示，在外壳323的内部还设置有密封件3231，套管311穿过该密封件3231，以防止漏血。
另外，参照图10和图11，结合图2和图6，尤其参照图2，在本公开可选的实施例中，该紧固钉植入装置还可以包括第一调弯鞘管机构810。其中，第一调弯鞘管机构810可以包括第一调弯手柄811和第一调弯鞘管812，第一调弯手柄811安装于底座200且位于锚定手柄320的前方，第一调弯鞘管812安装于第一调弯手柄811，输送线缆310穿过第一调弯鞘管812和第一调弯手柄811。可选地，第一调弯手柄811包括调弯旋钮8100、调弯螺杆8200和调弯滑块8300。调弯滑块8300螺纹套接于调弯螺杆8200，在第一调弯鞘管812的前端和调弯滑块8300之间连接有调弯丝，调弯螺杆8200的后端与调弯旋钮8100连接，通过旋转调弯旋钮8100，即可使调弯螺杆8200转动，进而使调弯滑块8300沿着调弯螺杆8200的长度方向滑动，进而拉紧或释放调弯丝，以达到调节第一调弯鞘管812的弯度的功能。
进一步优选地，该紧固钉植入装置还可以包括第二调弯鞘管机构820，第二调弯鞘管机构820可以包括第二调弯手柄821和第二调弯鞘管822。第二调弯手柄821安装于底座200且位于第一调弯手柄811和锚定手柄320之间，且第二调弯手柄821能够相对底座200前后滑动。第二调弯鞘管822安装于第二调弯手柄821，且第二调弯鞘管822穿过第一调弯手柄811和第一调弯鞘管812，输送线缆310穿过第二调弯鞘管822和第二调弯手柄821。第二调弯手柄821的调弯原理与第一调弯手柄811相同，由此，可借助第二调弯手柄821辅助第一调弯手柄811对植入角度进行二次调节，第一调弯手柄811使植入角度可弯折90度后植入，第二调弯手柄821可在此基础上实现弯折180度后植入。另外，本实施例中，第二调弯手柄821能够相对底座200前后滑动的具体设置结构有多种，例如但不限于，如图10所示，使第二调弯手柄821通过前后调节结构1000连接于底座200，该前后调节结构1000包括调节旋钮1100、齿轮1200、齿条1300以及限位板1400，齿条1300设置于第二调弯手柄821的底部，调节旋钮1100的一端固定连接有转轴，该转轴穿过限位板1400上的限位长孔，齿轮1200固定于转轴的远离调节旋钮1100的一端，限位板1400固定于底座200上，转轴能够沿限位长孔滑动并位于限位长孔的两个限位位置处，在其中一个限位位置处，齿轮1200能够与齿条1300啮合，齿条1300沿前后方向延伸，转动调节旋钮1100，则第二调弯手柄821可相对底座200前后移动，在另一个限位位置处，齿轮1200能够与齿条1300脱离，此时，可相对底座200取下第二调弯手柄821；通过以上结构，可利用第一调弯手柄811 对植入位置和植入角度进行初调，然后再利用第二调弯手柄821对植入位置和植入角度进行细致调节，增加植入位置的精准度。
另外，为便于操作，在本公开可选的实施例中，还可以使第一调弯手柄811通过转动结构900转动安装于底座200；和/或，第二调弯手柄821通过转动结构900转动安装于底座200，其中，“和/或”表示“第一调弯手柄811通过转动结构900转动安装于底座200”的结构和“第二调弯手柄821通过转动结构900转动安装于底座200”的结构中只设置前者或只设置后者或前者和后者同时设置。可选地，如图10所示，该转动结构900可包括上壳体910、下壳体920以及卡扣930，下壳体920固定于底座200，上壳体910与下壳体920之间通过卡扣930连接，通过打开卡扣930可以将调弯鞘管机构的调弯手柄夹设于上壳体910和下壳体920之间或从上壳体910和下壳体920之间取下调弯手柄，调弯鞘管机构的调弯手柄能够在上壳体910和下壳体920之间转动，从而可以更加方便地调整植入角度。
另外，为便于使输送线缆310顺利穿过调弯鞘管的调弯手柄，参照图11，在本公开的可选实施例中，第一调弯鞘管机构810还包括第一支撑管件830；在第一调弯手柄811的内部设置有第一密封垫8111，在第一密封垫8111上开设有轴线沿前后方向延伸的穿孔；第一支撑管件830的前端安装于第一调弯手柄811的后端，且第一支撑管件830的前端插入于穿孔的内部，第一支撑管件830的管腔与第一调弯鞘管812连通，输送线缆310穿过第一调弯鞘管812和第一支撑管件830的管腔，由此，可利用第一支撑管件830预先撑开第一密封垫8111上开设的穿孔，使输送线缆310的拆装过程更加简单便捷，另外，还可以使第二调弯鞘管机构820还包括与第一支撑管件830同样结构的第二支撑管件。
本公开的实施例还提供了一种医疗设备，该医疗器械包括上述实施例中提供的紧固钉1和紧固钉植入装置，紧固钉植入装置配置为向人体内植入紧固钉1。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本公开各实施例技术方案的范围。
工业实用性
综上所述，本公开实施例提供的紧固钉可适用于拨叉或其他向人体内输入紧固钉的输送装置，进而提高紧固钉与输送装置之间结合的紧密性，避免紧固钉从输送装置松脱。本公开实施例提供的紧固钉植入装置操作方便，有利于快速向人体内植入紧固钉，以缩短手术时间，降低术中风险，有利于病人术后快速愈合。本公开实施例的医疗器械，不仅操作方便，并且可提高紧固钉与紧固钉植入装置之间结合的紧密性，避免紧固钉从紧固钉植入装置松脱，有利于快速向人体内植入紧固钉。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种紧固钉，其特征在于：包括钉座(11)和螺旋部(12)；
    所述螺旋部(12)的前端形成为尖端(121)，所述螺旋部(12)的后端固定连接于所述钉座(11)的前端，在所述钉座(11)的后端的端面上设置有第一定位部(110)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的紧固钉，其特征在于：所述第一定位部(110)包括设置于所述钉座(11)的后端的端面上的定位孔或定位凸起。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的紧固钉，其特征在于：所述定位孔为椭圆形、三角形、矩形、六角形或者腰形；或者，所述定位凸起的截面为椭圆形、三角形、矩形、六角形或者腰形。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的紧固钉，其特征在于：所述定位孔的底壁上开设有螺纹孔(111)，所述螺纹孔(111)配置为与输送装置螺纹配合，所述螺纹孔(111)沿所述紧固钉(1)旋转的回转轴线方向延伸。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的紧固钉，其特征在于：所述第一定位部(110)的中心位于所述紧固钉(1)旋转的回转轴线上；
    或者，所述第一定位部(110)为多个，多个所述第一定位部(110)绕所述紧固钉(1)旋转的回转轴线阵列分布于所述钉座(11)的后端的端面上。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的紧固钉，其特征在于：所述钉座(11)的外周面上设置有环形槽(130)，配置为绑系手术用高分子缝合线。
  7. 一种紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：配置为向人体内植入权利要求1-6任一项所述的紧固钉(1)；所述紧固钉植入装置包括底座(200)和植入组件，所述植入组件包括输送线缆(310)和锚定手柄(320)；
    所述输送线缆(310)的后端连接于所述锚定手柄(320)，所述输送线缆(310)的前端设置有能够与所述第一定位部(110)相互扣合的第二定位部(120)；
    所述锚定手柄(320)安装于所述底座(200)，且所述锚定手柄(320)配置成：能够于第一工况下驱动所述输送线缆(310)转动，进而带动扣合于所述输送线缆(310)的前端的紧固钉(1)与所述输送线缆(310)同步转动，以及，于第二工况下驱动所述输送线缆(310)释放所述紧固钉(1)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述输送线缆(310)包括套管(311)、转动线缆(312)和弹簧件(313)，所述转动线缆(312)穿过所述套管(311)；
    所述锚定手柄(320)包括外壳(323)、第一转动旋钮(321)和第二转动旋钮(322)，所述外壳(323)安装于所述底座(200)，所述第一转动旋钮(321)的前端安装于所述外壳(323)的内部，且所述第一转动旋钮(321)能够相对所述外壳(323)转动；
    在所述第一转动旋钮(321)上设置有沿前后方向贯通所述第一转动旋钮(321)的通孔，所述第二转动旋钮(322)的前端套装于所述第一转动旋钮(321) 的后端，且所述第二转动旋钮(322)能够相对所述第一转动旋钮(321)转动；所述第一转动旋钮(321)的后端和所述第二转动旋钮(322)均位于所述外壳(323)的外部；
    所述套管(311)的后端与所述第一转动旋钮(321)的前端连接，所述转动线缆(312)的后端通过所述弹簧件(313)与所述第二转动旋钮(322)的前端连接；
    所述第二定位部(120)设置于所述套管(311)的前端，在所述转动线缆(312)的前端连接有销钉(314)，在所述钉座(11)的后端的端面上设置有螺纹孔(111)，在所述销钉(314)的外周面上设置有与所述螺纹孔(111)相配合的外螺纹。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述销钉(314)的后端与所述转动线缆(312)的前端通过由所述销钉(314)向所述转动线缆(312)方向直径逐渐增加的锥形面(3141)连接，在套管(311)的前端内壁面上设置有与该锥形面(3141)配合的锥形抵接面，所述转动线缆(312)配置为带动所述销钉(314)在所述套管(311)的内部前后滑动，且在所述锥形面(3141)与设置于所述套管(311)的前端内壁面上的所述锥形抵接面抵接时，所述销钉(314)的前端伸出所述套管(311)的前端并与所述螺纹孔(111)配合。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：在所述第一转动旋钮(321)的前端和所述外壳(323)之间设置有防反转部件(400)，所述防反转部件(400)配置为在所述销钉(314)相对紧固钉(1)反向转动从而脱离于紧固钉(1)的过程中，防止所述套管(311)跟随所述第二转动壳体(3221)反向转动。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述第一转动旋钮(321)包括由前至后依次连接的端部连接杆(3213)、第一轴杆(3212)和第一转动壳体(3211)，所述端部连接杆(3213)和所述第一轴杆(3212)套装于外壳(323)的内部；
    所述防反转部件(400)包括棘爪部件(410)和设置于第一轴杆(3212)的外周面上的棘齿结构(420)，所述棘爪部件(410)的棘爪与所述棘齿结构(420)相互啮合。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述第二转动旋钮(322)包括第二轴杆(3222)和连接于所述第二轴杆(3222)的后端的第二转动壳体(3221)，所述第二轴杆(3222)套接于所述第一转动壳体(3211)的内部，所述弹簧件(313)的后端连接于所述第二轴杆(3222)的前端。
  13. 根据权利要求8-12任一项所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：在所述第一转动旋钮(321)和所述第二转动旋钮(322)之间以能够拆装的方式连接有防转部件(500)，所述防转部件(500)配置为使所述第一转动旋钮(321)和所述第二转动旋钮(322)同步转动；
    所述第一转动旋钮(321)的后端端面上开设第一定位孔，在所述第二转动旋钮(322)上开设沿前后方向贯通所述第二转动旋钮(322)的第二定位孔， 所述防转部件(500)的一端穿过所述第二定位孔后伸入于所述第一定位孔。
  14. 根据权利要求8-13任一项所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述紧固钉植入装置还包括前进机构(600)和套管支架(700)，所述前进机构(600)包括前进手柄(610)、第一齿轮(620)和第二齿轮(630)；
    所述前进手柄(610)固定连接于所述套管支架(700)，所述转动线缆(312)穿过所述套管支架(700)的管腔，所述第一转动旋钮(321)的前端转动连接于所述套管支架(700)的管腔的后端；
    所述第一齿轮(620)设置于所述前进手柄(610)，所述第二齿轮(630)设置于所述第一转动旋钮(321)，且所述第一齿轮(620)与所述第二齿轮(630)相互啮合。
  15. 根据权利要求7-14任一项所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述紧固钉植入装置还包括第一调弯鞘管机构(810)，所述第一调弯鞘管机构(810)包括第一调弯手柄(811)和第一调弯鞘管(812)，所述第一调弯手柄(811)安装于所述底座(200)且位于所述锚定手柄(320)的前方，所述第一调弯鞘管(812)安装于所述第一调弯手柄(811)，所述输送线缆(310)穿过所述第一调弯鞘管(812)和所述第一调弯手柄(811)。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述第一调弯手柄(811)包括调弯旋钮(8100)、调弯螺杆(8200)和调弯滑块(8300)；
    所述调弯滑块(8300)螺纹套接于所述调弯螺杆(8200)，在所述第一调弯鞘管(812)的前端和所述调弯滑块(8300)之间连接有调弯丝，所述调弯螺杆(8200)的后端与所述调弯旋钮(8100)连接，所述调弯旋钮(8100)配置为带动所述调弯螺杆(8200)转动，以使所述调弯滑块(8300)沿着所述调弯螺杆(8200)的长度方向滑动，进而拉紧或释放所述调弯丝，以调节所述第一调弯鞘管(812)的弯度。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述紧固钉植入装置还包括第二调弯鞘管机构(820)，所述第二调弯鞘管机构(820)包括第二调弯手柄(821)和第二调弯鞘管(822)，所述第二调弯手柄(821)安装于所述底座(200)且位于所述第一调弯手柄(811)和所述锚定手柄(320)之间，且所述第二调弯手柄(821)能够相对所述底座(200)前后滑动；
    所述第二调弯鞘管(822)安装于所述第二调弯手柄(821)，且所述第二调弯鞘管(822)穿过所述第一调弯手柄(811)和所述第一调弯鞘管(812)，所述输送线缆(310)穿过所述第二调弯鞘管(822)和所述第二调弯手柄(821)。
  18. 根据权利要求15-17任一项所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一调弯鞘管机构(810)还包括第一支撑管件(830)；
    在所述第一调弯手柄(811)的内部设置有第一密封垫(8111)，在所述第一密封垫(8111)上开设有轴线沿前后方向延伸的穿孔；所述第一支撑管件(830)的前端安装于所述第一调弯手柄(811)的后端，且所述第一支撑管件(830)的前端插入于所述穿孔的内部，所述第一支撑管件(830)的管腔与所述第一调弯鞘管(812)连通，所述输送线缆(310)穿过所述第一调弯鞘管(812)和所述第一支撑管件(830)的管腔。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的紧固钉植入装置，其特征在于：所述第一调弯手柄(811)通过转动结构(900)转动安装于所述底座(200)；和/或，所述第二调弯手柄(821)通过转动结构(900)转动安装于所述底座(200)；
    所述转动结构(900)包括上壳体(910)、下壳体(920)以及卡扣(930)，所述下壳体(920)固定于所述底座(200)，所述上壳体(910)与所述下壳体(920)之间通过所述卡扣(930)连接，所述第一调弯手柄(811)和/或所述第二调弯手柄(821)配置为：在所述卡扣(930)打开的状态下夹设于所述上壳体(910)和所述下壳体(920)之间或从所述上壳体(910)和所述下壳体(920)之间取下。
  20. 一种医疗设备，其特征在于：包括紧固钉(1)和紧固钉植入装置；
    所述紧固钉(1)包括钉座(11)和螺旋部(12)；
    所述螺旋部(12)的前端形成为尖端(121)，所述螺旋部(12)的后端固定连接于所述钉座(11)的前端，在所述钉座(11)的后端的端面上设置有第一定位部(110)；
    所述紧固钉植入装置配置为向人体内植入所述紧固钉(1)；所述紧固钉植入装置包括底座(200)和植入组件，所述植入组件包括输送线缆(310)和锚定手柄(320)；
    所述输送线缆(310)的后端连接于所述锚定手柄(320)，所述输送线缆(310)的前端设置有能够与所述第一定位部(110)相互扣合的第二定位部(120)；
    所述锚定手柄(320)安装于所述底座(200)，且所述锚定手柄(320)配置成：能够于第一工况下驱动所述输送线缆(310)转动，进而带动扣合于所述输送线缆(310)的前端的紧固钉(1)与所述输送线缆(310)同步转动，以及，于第二工况下驱动所述输送线缆(310)释放所述紧固钉(1)。
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