WO2021238323A1 - 无线通信方法、终端、基站、系统、电子设备及介质 - Google Patents

无线通信方法、终端、基站、系统、电子设备及介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021238323A1
WO2021238323A1 PCT/CN2021/079010 CN2021079010W WO2021238323A1 WO 2021238323 A1 WO2021238323 A1 WO 2021238323A1 CN 2021079010 W CN2021079010 W CN 2021079010W WO 2021238323 A1 WO2021238323 A1 WO 2021238323A1
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Prior art keywords
base station
terminal
serving cell
communication system
communication
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PCT/CN2021/079010
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李斌
刘伟伟
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
    • H04B7/06952—Selecting one or more beams from a plurality of beams, e.g. beam training, management or sweeping
    • H04B7/0696—Determining beam pairs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0802—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection
    • H04B7/0834—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using antenna selection based on external parameters, e.g. subscriber speed or location
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/16—Performing reselection for specific purposes
    • H04W36/20—Performing reselection for specific purposes for optimising the interference level
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/32—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data
    • H04W36/322—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by location or mobility data, e.g. speed data by location data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/046—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being in the space domain, e.g. beams
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements
    • H04W36/24—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters
    • H04W36/30—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data
    • H04W36/302—Reselection being triggered by specific parameters by measured or perceived connection quality data due to low signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present disclosure relate to the field of communication technologies, for example, to a wireless communication method, terminal, base station, wireless communication system, electronic device, and computer-readable medium that share spectrum resources.
  • the spectrum resources owned by traditional operators are mainly used for the coverage of terrestrial networks, and some frequency resources are only used in densely populated areas such as cities, for hotspot blind compensation, indoor coverage, etc.
  • the coverage distance of the cell itself has high requirements, and in order to save the cost of building a station, the coverage distance of a single cell is usually more than 100 kilometers (kilometer, km).
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a wireless communication method, terminal, base station, wireless communication system, electronic device, and computer readable medium for sharing spectrum resources, which are used to solve the problem of reducing frequency interference between systems on the basis of sharing spectrum resources, and realize Ultra-long coverage radius.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources, which includes: determining the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the physical location of a serving cell base station and the current physical location of the terminal; determining based on interference signals The direction of the interference signal; wherein the interference signal is from a third-party communication system that shares a frequency with the current communication system; and a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy is formulated based on the relative position and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources, which includes: determining the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the current physical position reported by the terminal and the physical position of the serving cell base station; and based on interference signals Determine the direction of the interference signal; wherein the interference signal comes from a third-party communication system that shares a frequency with the current communication system; and formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a terminal sharing spectrum resources, which includes: a relative position determining module configured to determine the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal
  • the interference signal direction determination module is configured to determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal; wherein the interference signal is from a third-party communication system that shares the frequency with the current communication system;
  • the strategy formulation module is configured to be based on the The relative position and the direction of the interference signal formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy;
  • the transmitting module is configured to receive and/or externally transmit the communication beam based on the receiving and transmitting strategy.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a base station sharing spectrum resources, which includes: a relative position determining module configured to determine the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the current physical position reported by the terminal and the physical position of the serving cell base station. Location; an interference signal direction determination module configured to determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal; wherein the interference signal comes from a third-party communication system that shares a frequency with the current communication system; and the strategy formulation module is configured to determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal
  • the relative position and the direction of the interference signal formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy; the array antenna is configured to receive and/or externally transmit the communication beam based on the receiving and transmitting strategy.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a wireless communication system for sharing spectrum resources, which includes an ultra-long-distance coverage base station and a third-party communication base station.
  • the distance between the ultra-long coverage base station and the third-party communication base station exceeds a preset physical isolation distance.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device, which includes: one or more processors; a memory, on which one or more programs are stored, when the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors , Enabling the one or more processors to share any of the above-mentioned wireless communication methods for spectrum resources; one or more input/output (Input/Output, I/O) interfaces connected between the processor and the memory , Configured to implement information interaction between the processor and the memory.
  • I/O input/output
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, any one of the above-mentioned wireless communication methods for sharing spectrum resources is realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and a terrestrial communication system provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a time division multiple access wireless frame used in a wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 5(a) is a time-domain subframe configuration diagram in the interference coordination strategy of the ultra-long-range coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system of the same frequency in the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure;
  • FIG. 5(b) is another time-domain subframe configuration diagram in the interference coordination strategy of the ultra-long coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system on the same frequency in the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of this application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the directions of different narrow beams when the terminal performs neighbor cell measurement in an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a geographic location distribution diagram of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system provided by the embodiments of the disclosure;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a wireless frame structure of a frequency division multiple access ultra-long-distance coverage communication system provided by an embodiment of the disclosure
  • FIG. 13 is a functional block diagram of a terminal for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of another terminal for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure are technical solutions proposed for sharing spectrum resources between terrestrial communication systems and ultra-long-distance coverage communication systems.
  • the terrestrial communication system can be the third-generation mobile communication system (3G), the fourth-generation mobile communication system (4G), and the fifth-generation mobile communication system (5th-generation mobile communication system) currently in use.
  • the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system is a communication system with a coverage radius of up to 300km, facing special communication systems such as oceans, high-speed railways, and aviation. Both terrestrial communication systems and ultra-long-distance coverage communication systems refer to wireless communication systems.
  • the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system is an air-to-air coverage wireless communication system
  • the terminal is an airborne terminal installed on an airplane.
  • the frequency band used by the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system interferes with the ground commercial 5G communication system.
  • the wireless communication method and device for spectrum resources can solve the mutual interference of the two communication systems, and at the same time meet the ultra-long coverage radius under the premise of a small transmission power.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure. 1, the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources includes:
  • Step 101 Determine the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal.
  • the serving cell base station refers to the base station of an ultra-long coverage communication system, which is different from the base station of the terrestrial communication system in that the coverage radius of the serving cell base station is more than 100km.
  • the physical location of the base station of the serving cell is basically fixed, which can be obtained through a satellite positioning system such as the Global Positioning System (Global Positioning System, GPS), or it can be pre-stored in the terminal.
  • Global Positioning System Global Positioning System, GPS
  • the base station of the serving cell After the base station of the serving cell is established, its physical location is stored in the Read-Only Memory (ROM) of the terminal, and the terminal will access the physical cell identifier (PCI) of the serving cell and the next generation node ( Next Generation NodeB (gNB)
  • PCI physical cell identifier
  • gNB Next Generation NodeB
  • the identification number of the base station can obtain the physical location of the serving cell base station by looking up the table.
  • the changed serving cell or the serving cell base station informs the terminal through air interface broadcast or dedicated channel.
  • the base station of the serving cell is stored in the ROM of the terminal.
  • the physical location of the serving cell base station includes the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the serving cell base station, active antenna unit (AAU) orientation information of the serving cell, etc.
  • AAU active antenna unit
  • the current physical location of the terminal can be obtained through a positioning system such as GPS, and the current physical location of the terminal includes information such as longitude, latitude, and altitude.
  • the terminal periodically reports the physical information of the terminal to the serving cell base station through the air interface or based on a time-triggered manner, where the physical information of the terminal includes longitude, latitude, altitude, orientation of the terminal, and moving speed of the terminal.
  • the period for the terminal to report its position can be set to 1 second.
  • Step 102 Determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal.
  • the interference signal comes from a third-party communication system that shares a frequency with the current communication system; such as a terrestrial 5G communication system. Determine the direction of the interference signal according to the interference signal to reduce the interference to the terrestrial communication system.
  • Step 103 Formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the receiving and transmitting strategy of the terminal includes the direction and pattern of the communication beam of the terminal to the base station of the serving cell.
  • the terminal designates the direction and pattern of the communication beam toward the serving cell base station according to the relative position of the terminal and the serving cell base station and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the communication beam includes a transmitting communication beam and a receiving communication beam; among them, the transmitting communication beam is used to send a communication signal to a serving cell base station.
  • the receiving communication beam includes a service beam and a measurement beam.
  • the service beam is used to receive a communication signal from a base station of a serving cell
  • the measurement beam is used to receive a measurement signal from a neighboring cell adjacent to the serving cell.
  • the transmitting and receiving communication beams between the serving cell base station and the terminal may use radio frequency analog beams or baseband digital beams.
  • step 103 the direction and pattern of the communication beam are dynamically adjusted with the relative position of the terminal, that is, the terminal adopts an array antenna that can adjust the beam direction, and the direction and pattern of the communication beam are calculated based on the relative position of the terminal and the serving cell base station. Obtained, so that the communication beam under the same propagation distance conditions, reduce the transmission power, and reduce signal interference.
  • both the terminal and the serving cell base station adopt an array antenna that can adjust the beam direction, that is, a shaped antenna.
  • the shaped antenna dynamically adjusts the direction and pattern of the communication beam toward the serving cell base station based on the relative position of the terminal, that is, Based on the relative position of the terminal, the angle of arrival (Angle Of Arrive, DOA) is calculated by the beam scanning algorithm to obtain the shaping weight, and the direction and pattern of the communication beam are obtained based on the shaping weight.
  • the terminal may also determine the downlink shaping weight through the uplink received data of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system.
  • the interference signal comes from a 5G communication system, such as a 5G base station or a 5G terminal.
  • the communication beam of the terminal is designed with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio criterion, and a null is formed at the interference position to reduce the interference level while obtaining the reception gain. .
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and a terrestrial communication system provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the dotted line represents the interference signal of the terrestrial communication system
  • the solid line represents the communication beam transmitted/received by the terminal
  • the dotted line represents the communication beam transmitted/received by the serving cell.
  • the terminal continuously receives the interference signal of the 5G base station during the movement, adjusts the directional pattern of the communication beam based on the interference signal, and forms a null at the interference location.
  • the terminal adjusts the direction of the communication beam based on the relative position of the terminal and the serving cell, so that the communication beam that the terminal points to the serving cell is the strongest.
  • the terminal obtains the expected direction of the communication beam based on the relative position of the serving cell, and then uses the maximum signal-to-noise ratio criterion to calculate the optimal transmission weight based on the interference signal and the expected direction to form a null at the interference position. So as to obtain the receiving gain while reducing the interference level.
  • the communication beam adopts a time division duplex (Time Division Duplex, TDD) radio frame slot structure to support a communication system with a coverage radius of more than 300 km.
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • the length of the guard period (Guard Period, GP) of the communication beam can be obtained according to the following formula (1),
  • L is the maximum coverage distance of a single cell in the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system
  • c is the speed of light, with a value of 3 ⁇ 10 8 m/s
  • step represents the minimum time-domain interval of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system.
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • NR 5G New Radio
  • the communication beam since the cell coverage distance of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system is relatively large, far exceeding the maximum coverage distance defined by the normal NR protocol, the communication beam has time offset and frequency offset, which increases the design of the wireless communication system Difficulty and complexity of implementation.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure. 3, the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources includes:
  • Step 301 Determine the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal.
  • step 301 the method for determining the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal is the same as that of step 101 in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step 302 Obtain time offset compensation and frequency offset compensation of the uplink signal based on the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station.
  • the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station are calculated based on the physical location of the terminal and the physical location of the serving cell base station.
  • Time offset compensation and frequency offset compensation for uplink signals are obtained based on the distance between the terminal and the base station of the serving cell and the angle of the terminal relative to the base station of the serving cell; time offset compensation based on the uplink signal compensates for the uplink signal of the terminal to reduce wireless communication System design difficulty and implementation complexity.
  • the time offset compensation is obtained by formula (2) and formula (3).
  • Is the time offset value between the terminal and the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system To calculate the rough time offset based on the distance, For fine timing. It is the time offset value calculated by the 5G and other terrestrial communication systems based on the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH).
  • PRACH Physical Random Access Channel
  • d is the distance difference between the target base station and the terminal
  • v is the speed of light, with a value of 3 ⁇ 10 8 m/s
  • Z is the accuracy adjustment factor, calculated according to the Pramble format and performance selected by the system.
  • the round() function means to take adjacent quantized values. When the quantization precision is an integer, it is equivalent to rounding.
  • the time offset compensation and frequency offset compensation of the uplink signal are obtained based on the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station, and then the time offset compensation and frequency offset compensation based on the uplink signal Compensate the uplink signal of the terminal, that is, perform time offset and frequency offset pre-compensation on the uplink signal.
  • Step 303 Determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal.
  • the interference signal comes from the terrestrial communication system that shares the frequency with the ultra-long coverage communication system. After receiving the interference signal, the terminal determines the direction of the interference signal according to the interference signal to reduce the interference to the terrestrial communication system.
  • Step 304 Formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • step 304 the communication beam of the terminal is designed with a maximum signal-to-noise ratio criterion, and a null is formed at the interference position, so as to reduce the interference level while obtaining the receiving gain.
  • both 5G base stations and 5G terminals in a terrestrial communication system may cause interference to the communication beams of the ultra-long coverage communication system.
  • interference signals may come from 5G base stations and 5G terminals.
  • the ultra-long coverage communication system receives the interference signal of the terrestrial communication system, it adjusts the direction pattern of the communication beam based on the direction of the interference signal.
  • the terminal uses the acquired position of the serving cell base station (antenna) to calculate the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station.
  • the initial coarse time offset is calculated according to the distance propagation formula , Actively compensate and adjust the communication beam transmitted in the uplink.
  • the calculation method of the time offset compensation is the same as that of step 102 in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • the communication beam adopts a time-division duplex radio frame slot structure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a time division multiple access wireless frame used in a wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the duration of the radio frame is a fixed 20ms, including 40 time slots, and each time slot occupies 0.5ms.
  • the guard time slot GP is 2ms and occupies four time slots. It can support a cell coverage radius of up to 300km.
  • the number of uplink time slots U is 6 and the number of downlink time slots D is 30.
  • the resources inside each time slot The definitions of the symbol of the block (Resource Block, RB) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) are consistent with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3rd Generation Partnerships Project, 3GPP) 5G protocol.
  • 3rd Generation Partnership Project 3rd Generation Partnerships Project
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources further includes: obtaining the downlink time slot position of the interfered third-party communication system; and based on the downlink time slot position of the interfered third-party communication system Stop calling the uplink time slot position corresponding to the downlink time slot position of the third-party communication system in the communication beam.
  • the interfered third-party communication system may be a terrestrial communication system such as 3G, 4G, or 5G.
  • the following only takes the 5G terrestrial communication system as an example to introduce.
  • Figure 5(a) is a time-domain subframe configuration diagram in the interference coordination strategy of the ultra-long-range coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system of the same frequency in the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figure 5(b) Another time-domain subframe configuration diagram in the interference coordination strategy between the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the ground communication system on the same frequency in the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided in this embodiment of the application.
  • the terrestrial communication system can adopt a 5G terrestrial communication system.
  • the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system still uses a 20ms wireless frame structure, and the terrestrial communication system uses a 5ms wireless frame structure.
  • the time of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the 5G terrestrial communication system is synchronized by conventional means such as GPS, but because the frame structure used is different , Will cause mutual interference between uplink and downlink time slots between systems.
  • the uplink time slot of the terrestrial communication system When the uplink time slot of the terrestrial communication system is interfered by the downlink of the ultra-long coverage communication system, the downlink performance of the terrestrial communication system will deteriorate. Information can be exchanged between the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system.
  • the terrestrial communication system informs the ultra-distant coverage communication system of the location of the interfered time slot.
  • the time slot is configured as N subframes, thereby reducing the uplink time slot interference to the terrestrial communication system.
  • the fifteenth to sixteenth time slots, the twenty-fifth to twenty-sixth time slots, and the thirty-fifth to thirty-sixth time slots are The time slot is the uplink time slot U.
  • the fifteenth to sixteenth time slots, the twenty-fifth to twenty-sixth time slots, and the thirty-fifth to third The sixteen time slots are configured as N subframes, thereby avoiding the interference of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system to the terrestrial communication system.
  • the terminal supports three baseband digital communication beams (hereinafter referred to as narrow beams for convenience of description).
  • the three communication beams are all narrow beams, and the narrow beams are divided into two types.
  • the narrow beam always points to the location of the base station of the serving cell where the terminal is located, such as transmitting communication beams and service receiving communication beams, including but not limited to evolved NodeB (eNB)/gNB, etc., which are mainly used for terminal data transmission Waiting for business.
  • eNB evolved NodeB
  • gNB evolved NodeB
  • the terminal points to the adjacent site location of the serving cell, such as measuring the receiving communication beam, which is mainly used for the terminal's measurement and other activities to ensure the terminal's cell handover functions in the ultra-long coverage communication system.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the directions of different narrow beams when the terminal performs neighbor cell measurement in an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the terminal is equipped with a transmitting communication beam and a service receiving communication beam pointing to the serving cell base station, so that the uplink and downlink of the ultra-long coverage communication system support a maximum of two streams of single-user multiple input multiple output (Single-User Multiple Output). Multiple-InputMultiple-Output, SU-MIMO), the adopted uplink and downlink transmission mode is carried out according to the conditions of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and channel.
  • the principle and judgment method of the ultra-distant coverage communication system are the same as those of the conventional 5G system. Not limited.
  • the terminal is equipped with a measuring and receiving communication beam to ensure the terminal's functions such as cell handover in the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system.
  • the working mode of the three narrow beams of the terminal is as follows: When the terminal receives the downlink received power level of the serving cell, that is, the reference signal receiving power (RSRP) or the reference signal receiving quality (RSRQ) When it is less than the downlink received power level threshold, it is considered that the terminal has left the internal area of the serving cell, and cell handover may occur. At this time, the terminal still uses narrow beam 1 and narrow beam 2 to point to the serving cell for uplink transmission and downlink reception. At the same time, the terminal receives the downlink received power level of the neighboring cell through the narrow beam 3.
  • RSRP reference signal receiving power
  • RSRQ reference signal receiving quality
  • the downlink received power levels of the multiple neighboring cells are measured in sequence, that is, the narrow beam 3 is directed to the neighboring cells of the serving cell in turn to obtain different The downlink received power level of the neighboring cell.
  • the serving cell where the terminal is located not only includes multiple neighboring cells, but also multiple neighboring cells belong to different gNB/eNB sites.
  • the terminal can align different gNB/eNB sites in turn in a time division manner to measure different gNB/eNB sites.
  • the duration of the radio frame of the communication beam is 20 ms, and there is at least one time in a radio frame (the number depends on the number of single side bands (Single Side Band, SSB)) downlink cell reference signal (Cell Reference Signal) , CRS) launch. Therefore, the minimum period for measuring the neighboring cell can be set to 20ms, the number of measurement periods T is N ⁇ 20, and N is a natural number, which can be configured according to the situation of the ultra-long coverage communication system.
  • the narrow beam 3 points to the first neighboring cell site for measurement.
  • narrow beam 3 points to the m-th neighboring cell site for measurement.
  • narrow beam 1 and narrow beam 2 always point to the serving cell.
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources can determine the direction and pattern of the communication beam according to the physical location of the serving cell base station, the direction of the interference signal, and the direction of the aircraft.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources includes:
  • Step 701 Determine the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal.
  • step 701 the method of determining the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal, and the method of determining the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal are the same as step 101 in the above embodiment , I won’t repeat it here.
  • the terminal periodically reports the physical information of the terminal to the serving cell base station through the air interface.
  • the period for the terminal to report physical information can be 1 second, 5 seconds, 10 seconds, or 1 minute, and the period for the terminal to report physical information can be set according to actual conditions, which is not limited in this embodiment. In order to improve the shaping accuracy, the period for the terminal to report the physical information can be 1 second.
  • the terminal may also report the physical information of the terminal to the serving cell base station in a time-triggered manner. For example, the terminal sets a fixed trigger time, and when the time reaches the set trigger time, the terminal reports the physical location to the serving cell base station.
  • the physical information of the terminal includes information such as the latitude, longitude, height, orientation, and speed of the terminal.
  • Step 702 Determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal.
  • the interference signal comes from a terrestrial communication system that shares the frequency with this communication system.
  • the terminal determines the direction of the interference signal according to the received interference signal to reduce the interference to the terrestrial communication system.
  • Step 703 Formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • step 703 the direction and pattern of the communication beam sent by the terminal to the serving cell base station are the same as those in step 103, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step 704 Obtain the downlink received power level of the serving cell base station.
  • Step 705 Determine whether the terminal leaves the internal area of the serving cell based on the downlink received power level of the serving cell base station and the preset downlink received power level threshold.
  • the downlink received power level threshold is a set value, which can be set according to the situation.
  • the downlink received power level of the serving cell received by the terminal is less than the downlink received power level threshold, it is considered that the terminal has left the internal area of the serving cell, and cell switching may occur.
  • Step 706 Use the measurement beam to sequentially measure the downlink received power levels of neighboring cells.
  • the adjacent cell refers to a cell adjacent to the serving cell where the terminal is located.
  • the measurement beam refers to the narrow beam that the terminal points to the neighboring cell.
  • the downlink received power levels of neighboring cells are obtained sequentially by measuring beams.
  • Step 707 When the downlink received power level of the neighboring cell exceeds the downlink received power level of the serving cell, and the downlink received power level of the base station of the serving cell is less than the preset downlink received power level threshold, the terminal performs cell handover.
  • the terminal can choose the time to switch the cell.
  • the method further includes: calculating the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the current physical location of the terminal and the physical location of the serving cell base station; The time offset compensation of the uplink signal is obtained based on the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station; the uplink signal of the terminal is compensated based on the time offset compensation of the uplink signal.
  • the calculation method of the time offset compensation is the same as the formula (2) and formula (3) in the above-mentioned embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system can also be carried out in the frequency domain, that is, the subframes corresponding to the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system are scheduled, so that the subframes are distributed in different frequency domain positions, thereby reducing mutual interference.
  • the time offset compensation and frequency offset compensation of the uplink signal are obtained based on the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station, and then the time offset compensation and frequency offset compensation based on the uplink signal
  • the terminal's uplink signal is compensated, that is, the uplink signal is pre-compensated for time offset and frequency offset.
  • the base station and antenna of the ultra-distant coverage communication system are as far away as possible from the base station and antenna of the terrestrial communication system, that is, the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system is reduced by physical isolation. Interference with terrestrial communication systems.
  • the communication beam of this embodiment adopts a beam with a radio frame time slot structure, and the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system perform information exchange, such as resource allocation time-frequency Domain location, interference level, system scheduling information, etc.
  • the position of the interfered downlink time slot of the terrestrial communication system is obtained; based on the position of the interfered downlink time slot of the terrestrial communication system, the position of the corresponding uplink time slot in the communication beam is stopped.
  • the terrestrial communication system and the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system where the terminal is located are the same frequency and different systems.
  • the terrestrial communication system notifies the location of the time slot subject to interference to the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system, and the terminal using the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system stops downlink scheduling in the corresponding time slot D, and configures the time slot as N subframes, thereby reducing Interference to the uplink time slot of the terrestrial communication system.
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources determines the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal; determines the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal, and determines the direction of the interference signal based on the relative position and interference signal of the terminal.
  • the direction and direction of the communication beam are determined by the reception and transmission strategy, that is, the direction and pattern of the communication beam are determined based on the relative position of the terminal and the serving cell base station and the direction of the interference signal, so as to share spectrum resources and comply with a smaller transmission power. Realize ultra-long distance (greater than 100km) transmission, while reducing interference with terrestrial communication systems.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources includes:
  • Step 801 Determine the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the current physical location reported by the terminal and the physical location of the serving cell base station.
  • the terminal obtains the current physical position through a satellite positioning system such as GPS, and sends the current physical position to the serving cell base station.
  • the physical location of the terminal includes, but is not limited to, the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the terminal.
  • the period for the terminal to report its position can be set to 1 second, that is, the terminal reports the physical position to the serving cell every 1s.
  • the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station is determined based on the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the terminal and the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the serving cell base station.
  • Step 802 Determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal.
  • the interference signal comes from a third-party communication system that shares a frequency with the current communication system, such as a 5G terrestrial communication system.
  • Step 803 Formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the receiving and transmitting strategy of the serving cell base station includes the direction and pattern of the communication beam of the serving cell base station to the terminal.
  • the serving cell base station specifies the direction and pattern of the communication beam toward the terminal according to the relative position of the serving cell base station and the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the communication beam includes a transmitting communication beam and a receiving communication beam; wherein the transmitting communication beam is used to send a communication signal to the terminal; the receiving communication beam is used to receive a communication signal from the terminal.
  • the transmission and reception communication beams between the serving cell base station and the terminal may adopt a radio frequency analog beam or a baseband digital beam.
  • the serving cell base station uses a shaped antenna, and calculates the arrival angle through the beam scanning algorithm DOA based on the relative position of the terminal to obtain the shaped weight, and obtains the direction and direction of the communication beam toward the terminal based on the shaped weight.
  • Directional map uses a shaped antenna, and calculates the arrival angle through the beam scanning algorithm DOA based on the relative position of the terminal to obtain the shaped weight, and obtains the direction and direction of the communication beam toward the terminal based on the shaped weight.
  • the communication beam in order to support a communication system with a coverage radius of more than 300km, the communication beam adopts a beam with a radio frame slot structure.
  • the communication beam has time offset and frequency offset, which increases the design difficulty and implementation complexity of the wireless communication system .
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources includes:
  • Step 901 Determine the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the current physical location reported by the terminal and the physical location of the serving cell base station.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 902 Calculate the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the physical location of the terminal and the physical location of the serving cell base station.
  • the time offset compensation and frequency offset compensation of the downlink signal are obtained based on the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station and the angle of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station; the uplink signal of the terminal is compensated based on the time offset compensation of the downlink signal.
  • the serving cell uses the acquired current physical location of the terminal to calculate the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station.
  • the initial coarse time offset is calculated according to the distance propagation formula.
  • the communication beam transmitted in the uplink takes the initiative to compensate and adjust.
  • the time offset compensation can be calculated by formula (2) and formula (3), and the calculation method is the same as that of step 302 in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step 903 Determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal.
  • the interference signal comes from the terrestrial communication system that shares the frequency with the ultra-long coverage communication system. After receiving the interference signal, the base station of the serving cell determines the direction of the interference signal according to the interference signal, so as to reduce the interference to the terrestrial communication system.
  • Step 904 Formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the receiving and transmitting strategy of the serving cell base station includes the direction and pattern of the communication beam of the serving cell base station to the terminal.
  • the serving cell base station specifies the direction and pattern of the communication beam toward the terminal according to the relative position of the serving cell base station and the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the communication beam includes a transmitting communication beam and a receiving communication beam; wherein the transmitting communication beam is used to send a communication signal to the terminal; the receiving communication beam is used to receive a communication signal from the terminal.
  • the serving cell base station receives the interference signal of the 5G base station, it adjusts the directional pattern of the communication beam based on the interference signal, and forms a null at the interference position.
  • the serving cell base station adjusts the direction of the communication beam based on the relative position with the terminal, so that the serving cell base station points the strongest communication beam to the terminal.
  • the serving cell base station obtains the expected direction of the communication beam based on the relative position of the terminal, and then uses the maximum signal-to-noise ratio criterion to calculate the optimal transmission weight based on the (terrestrial communication system) interference signal and the expected direction.
  • the position forms a null, so as to obtain the receiving gain while reducing the interference level.
  • FIG. 10 is a flowchart of another wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources includes:
  • Step 1001 Determine the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the current physical location reported by the terminal and the physical location of the serving cell base station.
  • Step 1002 Determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal.
  • Step 1003 Determine the position of the interfered time slot in the transmit communication beam.
  • the communication beam adopts a beam with a radio frame slot structure.
  • the structure of the wireless frame can be seen in Figure 4.
  • the duration of the wireless frame is a fixed 20ms, including 40 time slots, and each time slot occupies 0.5ms.
  • the guard time slot GP is 2ms, occupies four time slots, and can support a cell coverage radius of up to 300km.
  • the number of uplink time slots U is 6 and the number of downlink time slots D is 30.
  • the definitions of the resource block RB and orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbol are consistent with the 3GPP 5G protocol.
  • the terrestrial communication system and the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system where the terminal is located are the same frequency and different systems, and the downlink time slot of the terrestrial communication system will cause interference to the uplink of the serving cell base station.
  • the serving cell base station is interfered by the ground communication system, it sends the interfered time slot to the ground communication system for the ground communication system to adjust the downlink time slot.
  • Step 1004 Send the position of the interfered time slot to the third-party communication system.
  • the third-party communication system can be a terrestrial communication system such as 3G, 4G, or 5G.
  • information can be exchanged between the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system.
  • the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system can send the location of the interfered time slot to the terrestrial communication. system.
  • the base station of the serving cell sends the time slot position interfered by the terrestrial communication system to the terrestrial communication system, and the terrestrial communication system stops calling the downlink time slot position corresponding to the interfered time slot position, thereby reducing the interference to the ultra-long coverage communication system .
  • the terrestrial communication system configures the downlink time slot at the same time domain position as the interfered as N subframes, thereby reducing the uplink time slot interference to the super long-distance coverage communication system .
  • the uplink time slot U that is interfered by the terrestrial communication system is the seventh to the twelfth time slot.
  • the terrestrial communication system is based on the ultra-long-distance coverage communication
  • For the interfered uplink time slot U in the system set the seventh time slot to the twelfth time slot as N subframes, that is, stop calling the seventh time slot to the twelfth time slot, thereby reducing the impact on the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system.
  • Uplink time slot interference is possible to set the seventh time slot to the twelfth time slot as N subframes, that is, stop calling the seventh time slot to the twelfth time slot, thereby reducing the impact on the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system.
  • the time domain of the coordination subframe can be scheduled, but also the frequency domain of the coordination subframe can be scheduled.
  • the frames are distributed in different frequency domain positions, and the scheduling principle of the frequency domain position is the same as that of the time domain position, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step 1005 Formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • step 1005 the serving cell base station dynamically adjusts the direction and pattern of the communication beam toward the terminal based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the serving cell base station uses an array antenna that can adjust the beam direction, that is, a shaped antenna.
  • the shaped antenna dynamically adjusts the direction and pattern of the communication beam toward the terminal based on the relative position of the terminal, that is, based on the relative position of the terminal.
  • the beam scanning algorithm DOA is used to calculate the arrival angle to obtain the shaping weight. Based on the shaping weight, the direction and pattern of the communication beam are obtained.
  • the serving cell base station obtains the expected direction of the communication beam based on the relative position of the terminal, and then uses the maximum signal-to-noise ratio criterion to calculate the optimal transmission weight based on the interference signal and the expected direction to form a null at the interference position. So as to obtain the receiving gain while reducing the interference level.
  • the base station and antenna of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system should be as far away as possible from the base station and antenna of the terrestrial communication system, that is, to reduce the interference between the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system through physical isolation. .
  • FIG. 11 is a geographical location distribution diagram of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system provided by the embodiments of the disclosure.
  • the coverage radius of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system can usually reach 300km.
  • An isolation area is formed between the base station 1101 of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the third-party communication base station 1102.
  • the isolation distance R can be 10km, and the isolation area occupies Ultra-long coverage of 1% of the coverage area of the communication system.
  • the coarse time offset can be used to precompensate the communication beam, which can reduce the design difficulty and implementation complexity of the communication system.
  • the serving cell base station uses the obtained terminal location to calculate the distance between the terminal and the serving cell base station.
  • the initial coarse time offset is calculated according to the distance propagation formula.
  • the transmitted communication beam actively makes compensation adjustments.
  • the terminal In order to ensure the selection and shaping accuracy of communication beams of downlink cell-level channels and user-level channels in the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system, the terminal needs to report its physical location information to the base station of the serving cell where it is located.
  • the terminal may report physical location information periodically through the air interface, or it may report its physical location information based on a time-triggered manner.
  • the serving cell base station adopts a spatial broadcast shaped beam method to transmit downlink cell-level channels, or adopts a time-domain alternate transmission method to support multiple spatial broadcast shaped beams.
  • the downlink user-level channel transmitted by the serving cell base station adopts baseband frequency domain beamforming; or, the arrival angle is calculated according to the physical location of the serving cell base station and the physical location reported by the terminal, so as to obtain the shaping weight.
  • the serving cell base station can also obtain the downlink shaping weights according to the uplink received data, thereby ensuring the selection and shaping accuracy of the downlink cell-level channel and user-level channel beams of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system.
  • the transmit power can be appropriately increased to improve the stability of the downlink signal.
  • narrow beamforming can be used to increase the coverage distance and reduce interference to the ground.
  • the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system adopts Frequency Division Multiple Access (Frequency Division Duplexing, FDD) standard
  • the terrestrial communication system also adopts the FDD standard. Therefore, the uplink and downlink subframes of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system The ratio is consistent with that of the terrestrial communication system, and the time is synchronized.
  • the interference between the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system and the terrestrial communication system will occur between the same subframe type, that is, the uplink subframe U or the downlink subframe.
  • the subframe D interferes with each other, and there is no interference between different subframe types. Compared with the time division multiple access TDD system, the mutual interference situation will be significantly improved.
  • the wireless communication method for sharing spectrum resources determines the relative position of the terminal with respect to the serving cell base station based on the current physical position reported by the terminal and the physical position of the serving cell base station; it is formulated based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal
  • the transmission and reception strategy of communication beams is to dynamically adjust the direction and pattern of communication beams, so as to achieve ultra-long-distance transmission on the basis of spectrum resource sharing and compliance with lower transmission power, and at the same time reduce interference with terrestrial communication systems .
  • FIG. 13 is a functional block diagram of a terminal for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the terminal sharing spectrum resources includes: a first relative position determination module 1301, an interference signal direction determination module 1302, a strategy formulation module 1303, and a transmission module 1304.
  • the first relative position determining module 1301 is configured to determine the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal.
  • the Serving cell base station refers to the base station of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system. Unlike the base station of the terrestrial communication system, the base station of the ultra-long-distance coverage communication system has a coverage radius of more than 100km.
  • the physical location of the base station of the serving cell is basically fixed and can be obtained through a satellite positioning system such as GPS, or it can be stored in the terminal in advance.
  • the current physical location of the terminal can be obtained through a positioning module such as GPS, and the current physical location of the terminal includes information such as longitude, latitude, and altitude.
  • the interference signal direction determination module 1302 is configured to determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal; where the interference signal comes from a third-party communication system that shares a frequency with the current communication system.
  • the strategy formulation module 1303 is configured to formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the strategy formulation module 1303 calculates the arrival angle through the beam scanning algorithm DOA based on the relative position of the terminal, obtains the shaping weight, and obtains the direction and pattern of the communication beam based on the shaping weight.
  • the transmitting module 1304 is configured to receive and/or transmit communication beams outward based on a transmission strategy.
  • the transmitting module 1304 adopts an array antenna with a dynamically adjustable beam direction, and the transmitted communication beam may be a radio frequency analog beam or a baseband digital beam.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a terminal that shares spectrum resources.
  • the first relative position determining module is configured to determine the relative position of the terminal based on the physical position of the serving cell base station and the current physical position of the terminal.
  • the interference signal direction determining module is configured to determine the relative position of the terminal based on interference.
  • the signal determines the direction of the interference signal.
  • the strategy formulation module is configured to formulate the communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the transmitting module is configured to receive and/or transmit the communication beam based on the receiving and transmitting strategy.
  • FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of another terminal for sharing spectrum resources provided by an embodiment of the disclosure.
  • the base station sharing spectrum resources includes: a second relative position determination module 1401, an interference signal direction determination module 1402, a strategy formulation module 1403, and an array antenna 1404.
  • the second relative position determining module 1401 is configured to determine the relative position of the terminal based on the current physical position reported by the terminal and the physical position of the serving cell base station.
  • the physical location of the base station of the serving cell can be obtained through a satellite positioning system such as GPS after the construction of the base station is completed, or the physical location of the base station of the serving cell can be obtained through other measurement methods.
  • the second relative position determining module 1401 determines the relative position of the terminal relative to the serving cell base station based on the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the terminal and the longitude, latitude, and altitude of the serving cell base station.
  • the interference signal direction determining module 1402 is configured to determine the direction of the interference signal based on the interference signal.
  • the interference signal comes from a third-party communication system that shares a frequency with the current communication system.
  • the strategy formulation module 1403 is configured to formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal.
  • the array antenna 1404 is configured to receive and/or transmit communication beams outward based on a receiving and transmitting strategy.
  • the array antenna 1404 is a shaped antenna with adjustable beam direction.
  • the array antenna 1404 can calculate the arrival angle through the beam scanning algorithm DOA according to the relative position of the terminal to obtain the shaping weight, and obtain the direction and pattern of the communication beam towards the terminal based on the shaping weight, or the array antenna 1404 is configured to be based on The relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal dynamically adjust the direction and pattern of the communication beam toward the base station of the serving cell.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a base station that shares spectrum resources.
  • the second relative position determining module is configured to determine the relative position of the terminal based on the current physical position reported by the terminal and the physical position of the serving cell base station.
  • the interference signal direction determining module is configured to determine the relative position of the terminal based on The interference signal determines the direction of the interference signal;
  • the strategy formulation module is configured to formulate a communication beam receiving and transmitting strategy based on the relative position of the terminal and the direction of the interference signal, and the array antenna is configured to receive and/or transmit the communication beam based on the receiving and transmitting strategy, In this way, on the basis of spectrum resource sharing and compliance with lower transmission power, ultra-long-distance transmission can be realized, and interference with terrestrial communication systems can be reduced at the same time.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a wireless communication system for sharing spectrum resources, including an ultra-long coverage base station and a third-party communication base station.
  • the ultra-long-range coverage base station adopts the base station sharing spectrum resources provided in the foregoing embodiment, and the distance between the ultra-long-range coverage base station and the third-party communication base station exceeds the preset physical isolation distance.
  • third-party communication base stations refer to base stations in communication systems such as 3G, 4G, and 5G
  • ultra-long-distance coverage base stations refer to base stations with a coverage range of more than 300 kilometers.
  • the ultra-long coverage base station and the third-party communication base station adopt a physical isolation method, as shown in FIG. 11, the preset physical isolation distance If it is 100 kilometers, then the shortest distance between the ultra-long coverage base station and the third-party communication base station is set at more than 100 kilometers.
  • the preset physical isolation distance can be set according to the actual situation, such as 150 kilometers or 200 kilometers.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes: one or more processors 1501; a memory 1502, on which one or more programs are stored, when one or more programs are processed by one or more The processor executes, so that one or more processors implement any one of the above-mentioned wireless communication methods for sharing spectrum resources; one or more I/O interfaces 1503 are connected between the processor and the memory, and are configured to implement the processor and the memory Information exchange.
  • the processor 1501 is a device with data processing capabilities, including but not limited to a central processing unit (Center Processing Unit, CPU), etc.; the memory 1502 is a device with data storage capabilities, including but not limited to random access memory ((Random Access Memory, RAM), such as Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (SDRAM), Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory (Double Data Rate, DDR), etc.), ROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM), Flash memory (FLASH); I/O interface (read-write interface) 1503 is connected between the processor 1501 and the memory 1502, which can realize the information interaction between the processor 1501 and the memory 1502, including but Not limited to data bus (Bus), etc.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SDRAM Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • DDR Double Data Rate Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory
  • ROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • EEPROM Electrically
  • the processor 1501, the memory 1502, and the I/O interface 1503 are connected to each other through a bus, and further connected to other components of the computing device.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, any one of the above-mentioned wireless communication methods for sharing spectrum resources is realized.
  • Such software may be distributed on a computer-readable medium, and the computer-readable medium may include a computer storage medium (or a non-transitory medium) and a communication medium (or a transitory medium).
  • the term computer storage medium includes volatile and non-volatile implementations in any method or technology for storing information (such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data). Sexual, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer storage media include but are not limited to RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory, CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD) or other optical discs Storage, magnetic cassette, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to store desired information and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • a communication medium usually contains computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signal such as a carrier wave or other transmission mechanism, and may include any information delivery medium. .

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，应用于终端侧，包括：基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号是来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；基于所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。本公开还提供了一种终端、基站、无线通信系统、电子设备和介质。

Description

无线通信方法、终端、基站、系统、电子设备及介质
本申请要求在2020年05月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010455319.9的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开实施例涉及通信技术领域，例如涉及一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法、终端、基站、无线通信系统、电子设备及计算机可读介质。
背景技术
在无线通信技术高速发展的今天，频谱资源变的越发宝贵，多国政府对频谱资源的授权使用管理越来越严格，频谱资源的授权费用日益高昂，加大了无线通信系统，例如是一些专用网络(例如面对海洋、高速铁路以及地对空无线通信网络)建设的难度，网络容量也因此受到限制。
传统运营商拥有的频谱资源主要用于地面网络的覆盖，而且部分频点资源仅用于城市等人口覆盖密集区域，以进行热点补盲、室内覆盖等。对于地对空覆盖、海洋覆盖为代表的专用网络，本身对小区的覆盖距离有较高要求，而且为了节省建站成本，通常单小区覆盖距离在100公里(kilometer，km)以上。
为了将宝贵的频谱资源有效利用，设计一种与地面无线通信系统使用相同频谱，支持超远覆盖半径的无线通信系统，是完全必要和可行的。然而，无线通信系统的发射功率需要低于固定门限，以满足不同系统之间的相互干扰问题。在发射功率受限的基础上，如何满足单小区覆盖距离的要求，是业界亟待解决的难点问题，也是频率共享无线通信系统得以实现的主要障碍。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法、终端、基站、无线通信系统、电子设备及计算机可读介质，用以解决共享频谱资源的基础上，降低系统间的频率干扰，并实现超远覆盖半径。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，其包括：基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号是来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，其包括：基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的终端，其包括：相对位置确定模块，配置为基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；干扰信号方向确定模块，配置为基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号是来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；策略制定模块，配置为基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略；发射模块，配置为基于所述收发射策略接收和/或向外发射所述通信波束。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的基站，其包括：相对位置确定模块，配置为基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；干扰信号方向确定模块，配置为基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；策略制定模块，配置为基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略；阵列天线，配置为基于所述收发射策略接收和/或向外发射所述通信波束。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的无线通信系统，其包括超远覆盖基站和第三方通信基站，所述超远覆盖基站采用本公开实施例提供的所述共享频谱资源的基站，所述超远覆盖基站和所述第三方通信基站之间的距离超过预先设定的物理隔离距离。
本公开实施例提供一种电子设备，其包括：一个或多个处理器；存储器，其上存储有一个或多个程序，当所述一个或多个程序被所述一个或多个处理器执行，使得所述一个或多个处理器上述任意一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法；一个或多个输入/输出(Input/Output，I/O)接口，连接在所述处理器与存储器之间，配置为实现所述处理器与存储器的信息交互。
本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，所述程序被处理器执行时实现上述任意一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本公开实施例的理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本公开的实施例一起用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的限制。在附图中：
图1为本公开实施例提供的一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统的示意图；
图3为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法中采用的时分多址无线帧的结构示意图；
图5(a)为本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法中超远覆盖通信系统与同频的地面通信系统的干扰协调策略中一种时域子帧配置图；
图5(b)为本申请实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法中超远覆盖通信系统与同频的地面通信系统的干扰协调策略中另一种时域子帧配置图；
图6为本公开实施例中终端进行邻区测量时不同窄波束的指向示意图；
图7为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图；
图8为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图；
图9为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图；
图10为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图；
图11为本公开实施例提供的超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统的地理位置分布图；
图12为本公开实施例提供的频分多址超远覆盖通信系统的无线帧结构的示意图；
图13为本公开实施例提供的一种共享频谱资源的终端的原理框图；
图14为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的终端的原理框图；
图15为本公开实施例提供的一种电子设备的组成框图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域的技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图对本公开提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法、终端、基站、无线通信系统、电子设备和介质进行描述。
在下文中将参考附图更充分地描述示例实施例，但是所述示例实施例可以以不同形式来体现且不应当被解释为限于本文阐述的实施例。如本文所使用的，术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关列举条目的任何和所有组合。
本文所使用的术语仅用于描述特定实施例，且不意欲限制本公开。如本文所使用的，单数形式“一个”和“该”也意欲包括复数形式，除非上下文另外清楚指出。还将理解的是，当本说明书中使用术语“包括”和/或“由……制成”时，指定存在所述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件，但不排除存在或添加一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群组。
除非另外限定，本文所用的所有术语(包括技术和科学术语)的含义与本领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同。还将理解，诸如那些在常用字典中限定的那些术语应当被解释为具有与其在相关技术以及本公开的背景下的含义一致的含义，且将不解释为具有理想化或过度形式上的含义，除非本文明确如此限定。
本公开实施例是针对地面通信系统和超远覆盖通信系统共用频谱资源提出的技术方案。地面通信系统可以是目前使用的第三代移动通信系统(3rd-Generation Mobile Communication system，3G)、第四代移动通信系统(4rd-Generation Mobile Communication system，4G)、第五代移动通信系统(5th-Generation Mobile Communication system，5G)等通信系统，超远覆盖通信系统是覆盖半径可以达到300km的通信系统，面对海洋、高速铁路和航空等专用通信系统。地面通信系统和超远覆盖通信系统均是指无线通信系统。
例如，超远覆盖通信系统为对空覆盖无线通信系统，终端为安装在飞机上的机载终端，超远覆盖通信系统使用的频段与地面商用5G通信系统存在干扰，本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法及装置能够解决这两个通信系统的相互干扰，同时在较小发射功率的前提下满足超远的覆盖半径。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，该无线通信方法应用于终端。图1为本公开实施例提供的一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图。参照图1，共享频谱资源的无线通信方法包括：
步骤101，基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置。
服务小区基站是指超远覆盖通信系统的基站，不同于地面通信系统的基站，服务小区基站的覆盖半径在100km以上。服务小区基站的物理位置基本是固定的，可以通过全球定位系统(Global Position System，GPS)等卫星定位系统获得，也可以预先存储在终端内。如服务小区基站建站后，将其物理位置存储在终端的只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)内，终端根据接入服务小区的物理小区标识(Physical Cell Identifier，PCI)及下一代节点(Next Generation NodeB，gNB)基站的标识号码通过查表方式可获取服务小区基站的物理位置。
在一些实施例中，当服务小区基站的物理位置发生变化时，如服务小区添 加了新基站或者迁移基站，发生变化的服务小区或服务小区基站通过空口广播或专用信道通知终端，终端将变更后的服务小区基站存储在终端的ROM内。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站的物理位置包括服务小区基站的经度、纬度、海拔高度、所处服务小区的有源天线单元(Active Antenna Unit，AAU)朝向信息等。
终端的当前物理位置可以通过GPS等定位系统获得，终端的当前物理位置包括经度、纬度、高度等信息。
在一些实施例中，终端通过空口周期性地或基于时间触发方式向服务小区基站上报终端的物理信息，其中，终端的物理信息包括经度、纬度、高度、终端的朝向和终端的移动速度。
为了保证超远覆盖通信系统的稳定性和终端收发射的通信波束的赋形精度，终端上报其位置的周期可以设定为1秒。
步骤102，基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向。
干扰信号是来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；如地面的5G通信系统。根据干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向，以降低对地面通信系统的干扰。
步骤103，基于终端的相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
在一些实施例中，终端的收发射策略包括终端对服务小区基站的通信波束的指向和方向图。终端根据终端与服务小区基站的相对位置以及干扰信号的方向指定朝向服务小区基站的通信波束的指向及方向图。
通信波束包括发射通信波束和接收通信波束；其中，发射通信波束用于向服务小区基站发送通信信号。接收通信波束包括业务波束和测量波束，业务波束用于接收来自服务小区基站的通信信号，测量波束用于接收来自于与服务小区相邻的相邻小区的测量信号。另外，服务小区基站和终端之间的发射和接收的通信波束可以采用射频模拟波束或基带数字波束。
在步骤103中，通信波束的指向和方向图随着终端的相对位置进行动态调整，即终端采用可调整波束指向的阵列天线，通信波束的指向和方向图根据终端和服务小区基站的相对位置计算得到，以使通信波束在相同传播距离的条件下，减少发射功率，以及降低信号的干扰。
在一些实施例中，终端和服务小区基站均采用可调整波束指向的阵列天线，即赋形天线，赋形天线基于终端的相对位置动态调整朝向服务小区基站的通信 波束的指向及方向图，即基于终端的相对位置通过波束扫描算法到达角(Angle Of Arrive，DOA)计算波达角，得到赋形权值，基于赋形权值获得通信波束的指向及方向图。在一些实施例中，终端还可以通过超远覆盖通信系统的上行接收数据确定下行赋形权值。
在一些实施例中，干扰信号来自于5G通信系统，如5G基站或5G终端，终端的通信波束采用最大信噪比准则设计，在干扰位置形成零陷，以在获取接收增益的同时降低干扰水平。
图2为本公开实施例提供的超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统的示意图。线段状虚线表示地面通信系统的干扰信号，实线表示终端发射/接收的通信波束，点状虚线表示服务小区发射/接收的通信波束。
为了便于描述，下面仅介绍5G基站对超远覆盖通信系统造成干扰的干扰信号进行说明。如图2所示，终端在移动过程中，不断地接收5G基站的干扰信号，基于干扰信号调整通信波束的方向图，并在干扰位置形成零陷。同时，终端基于终端与服务小区的相对位置，调整通信波束的指向，使终端指向服务小区的通信波束最强。
在一些实施例中，终端基于与服务小区的相对位置获得通信波束的预期指向，然后基于干扰信号和预期指向，采用最大信噪比准则计算最优发射权值，以在干扰位置形成零陷，从而获得接收增益的同时，降低干扰水平。
在本实施例中，通信波束采用时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)无线帧时隙结构，以支持覆盖半径超过300km的通信系统。通信波束上下行保护时隙(Guard Period，GP)的长度可以根据如下公式(1)获得，
Figure PCTCN2021079010-appb-000001
L为超远覆盖通信系统中的单个小区的最大覆盖距离，c为光速，取值为3×10 8m/s，而step表示该超远覆盖通信系统的最小时域间隔。当超远覆盖通信系统为长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统时，step取值为1ms，当超远覆盖通信系统为5G新无线(New Radio，NR)系统时，若子载波间隔为30KHz，则step取值为0.5ms，step函数quz表示向上取整。
在一些实施例中，由于超远覆盖通信系统的小区覆盖距离较大，远远超过正常NR协议定义的最大覆盖距离，因此，通信波束存在时偏和频偏，这增加了无线通信系统的设计难度和实现的复杂度。
图3为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图。参照图3，共享频谱资源的无线通信方法包括：
步骤301，基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置。
在步骤301中，基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置的方式与前述实施例中步骤101相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤302，基于终端和服务小区基站之间的距离以及终端相对于服务小区基站的角度获得上行信号的时偏补偿和频偏补偿。
在一些实施例中，基于终端的物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置计算终端和服务小区基站之间的距离和终端相对于服务小区基站的角度。基于终端和服务小区基站之间的距离以及终端相对于服务小区基站的角度获得上行信号的时偏补偿和频偏补偿；基于上行信号的时偏补偿对终端的上行信号进行补偿，以降低无线通信系统的设计难度和实现的复杂度。
在一些实施例中，时偏补偿通过公式(2)和公式(3)获得。
Figure PCTCN2021079010-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2021079010-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2021079010-appb-000004
为终端与超远覆盖通信系统的时偏值，
Figure PCTCN2021079010-appb-000005
为根据距离计算获得的粗时偏，
Figure PCTCN2021079010-appb-000006
为精时偏。
Figure PCTCN2021079010-appb-000007
为5G等地面通信系统根据物理随机接入信道(Physical Random Access Channel，PRACH)计算得到的时偏值。d为目标基站与终端的距离差，v表示光速，取值3×10 8m/s，Z为精度调整因子，根据本系统选择的Pramble格式及性能计算得到。round()函数表示取邻近的量化数值，当量化精度为整数时，相当于四舍五入。
在另一些实施例中，基于终端和服务小区基站之间的距离以及终端相对于服务小区基站的角度获得上行信号的时偏补偿和频偏补偿，然后基于上行信号的时偏补偿和频偏补偿对终端的上行信号进行补偿，即，对上行信号进行时偏和频偏的预补偿。
步骤303，基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向。
干扰信号来自于与超远覆盖通信系统共享频率的地面通信系统。终端接收到的干扰信号后，根据干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向，以降低对地面通信系统的干扰。
步骤304，基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
在步骤304中，终端的通信波束采用最大信噪比准则设计，在干扰位置形成零陷，以在获取接收增益的同时降低干扰水平。
例如，地面通信系统中的5G基站和5G终端均可能对超远覆盖通信系统的通信波束造成干扰，换言之，干扰信号可能来自5G基站和5G终端。当超远覆盖通信系统接收到地面通信系统的干扰信号后，基于干扰信号的方向调整通信波束的方向图。
在本实施例中，终端利用获取的服务小区基站(天线)的位置，计算终端与服务小区基站之间的距离，在初始接入阶段或切换阶段，根据距离传播公式，计算初始的粗时偏，对上行发射的通信波束主动进行补偿调整。时偏补偿的计算方式与上述实施例步骤102相同，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，为了降低超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统之间的干扰，通信波束采用时分双工无线帧时隙结构。
图4为本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法中采用的时分多址无线帧的结构示意图。如图4所示，无线帧的时长为固定的20ms，包括40个时隙，每个时隙占用0.5ms。保护时隙GP为2ms，占用四个时隙，可以支持最大300km的小区覆盖半径，上行时隙U的数目为6个，下行时隙D的数目为30个，其中每个时隙内部的资源块(Resource Block，RB)、正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号的定义与第3代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnerships Project，3GPP)5G协议保持一致。
在一些实施例中，在步骤302之前或之后，共享频谱资源的无线通信方法还包括：获取受干扰的第三方通信系统的下行时隙位置；基于受干扰的第三方通信系统的下行时隙位置停止调用通信波束中与第三方通信系统的下行时隙位置对应的上行时隙位置。
在一些实施例中，受干扰的第三方通信系统可以是3G、4G或5G等地面通信系统。下文仅以5G地面通信系统为例进行介绍。
图5(a)为本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法中超远覆盖通信系统与同频的地面通信系统的干扰协调策略中一种时域子帧配置图，图5(b)为本申请实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法中超远覆盖通信系统与同频的地面通信系统的干扰协调策略中另一种时域子帧配置图。地面通信系统可以采用5G地面通信系统。超远覆盖通信系统仍然采用20ms的无线帧结构，地面通信系统采用5ms的无线帧结构，通过GPS等常规手段使超远覆盖通信系统和5G地面通信系统的时间同步，但因为所采用帧结构不同，会导致系统间的上下行时隙互扰。
当地面通信系统的上行时隙受到超远覆盖通信系统的下行干扰时，会导致地面通信系统的下行性能恶化。超远覆盖通信系统与地面通信系统间可以交互 信息，地面通信系统将受到干扰的时隙位置通知超远覆盖通信系统，超远覆盖通信系统中的终端在对应的时隙D停止下行调度，将该时隙配置为N子帧，从而降低对地面通信系统的上行时隙干扰。
如图5(a)所示，在地面通信系统的无线帧结构中，第十五至第十六时隙、第二十五至第二十六时隙、第三十五至第三十六时隙为上行时隙U，对应的超远覆盖通信系统的无线帧结构中，第十五至第十六时隙、第二十五至第二十六时隙、第三十五至第三十六时隙配置为N子帧，从而避免了超远覆盖通信系统对地面通信系统的干扰。
在一些实施例中，终端同时支持三个基带数字通信波束(为方便描述，下文称为窄波束)，这三个通信波束均是窄波束，窄波束被分为两类。其一，窄波束始终指向终端所在服务小区基站位置，如发射通信波束和业务接收通信波束，包括但不限于演进后的节点B(evloved NodeB，eNB)/gNB等，主要用于终端的数据传输等业务。其二，终端指向所在服务小区的相邻站点位置，如测量接收通信波束，主要用于该终端的测量等行为，以保证终端在超远覆盖通信系统中的小区切换等功能。
图6为本公开实施例中终端进行邻区测量时不同窄波束的指向示意图。如图6所示，终端设置有一个发射通信波束和一个业务接收通信波束指向所在服务小区基站，使得超远覆盖通信系统的上行、下行支持最大两流的单用户多入多出(Single-User Multiple-InputMultiple-Output，SU-MIMO)，采用的上下行发射模式根据超远覆盖通信系统及信道的条件进行，超远覆盖通信系统的原理及判断方法与常规5G系统一致，本实施例对此不作限定。终端设置有一个测量接收通信波束，以保证终端在超远覆盖通信系统中的小区切换等功能。
终端的三个窄波束的工作方式如下：当终端接收到的服务小区的下行接收功率水平，即参考信号接收功率(Reference Signal Receiving Power，RSRP)或者参考信号接收质量(Reference Signal Receiving Quality，RSRQ)小于下行接收功率水平门限值时，认为该终端已经离开服务小区的内部区域，可能会发生小区切换。此时终端依旧使用窄波束1和窄波束2指向服务小区，以进行上行发射及下行接收。与此同时，终端通过窄波束3接收邻区的下行接收功率水平。
在一些实施例中，当终端所在服务小区包括多个邻区时，则依次对多个邻区的下行接收功率水平进行测量，即，窄波束3依次指向本服务小区的邻区，以获得不同邻区的下行接收功率水平。
在一些实施例中，终端所在服务小区不仅包括多个邻区，而且多个邻区归属于不同的gNB/eNB站点。终端可以采用时分方式轮流对准不同的gNB/eNB站点，以对不同的gNB/eNB站点进行测量。
在本实施例中，通信波束的无线帧的时长为20ms，在一个无线帧内至少有一次(数目取决于单边带(Single Side Band，SSB)的数目)下行的小区参考信号(Cell Reference Signal，CRS)的发射。因此，测量邻区的最小周期可设定为20ms，测量周期的数目T为N×20，N为自然数，其可以根据超远覆盖通信系统的情况配置。在第T+1个测量周期内，窄波束3指向第1个邻区站点进行测量。在T+m个测量周期内，窄波束3指向第m个邻区站点进行测量，.在所有测量周期内，窄波束1和窄波束2始终指向服务小区。
需要说明的是，虽然本公开实施例是以无线帧的时长20ms为例进行介绍，但本申请并不局限于此，无线帧也可以根据情况设置其它时长。
基于终端同时支持三个窄波束，本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法可以根据服务小区基站的物理位置、干扰信号的方向、以及飞机的朝向确定通信波束的指向和方向图。
图7为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图。参照图7，共享频谱资源的无线通信方法包括：
步骤701，基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置。
在步骤701中，服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置的确定方式，以及基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置的方式与上述实施例中步骤101相同，在此不再赘述。
在一些实施例中，终端通过空口周期性地向服务小区基站上报终端的物理信息。例如，终端上报物理信息的周期可以是1秒、5秒、10秒或1分钟，终端上报物理信息的周期可以根据实际情况设定，本实施例对此不作限定。为了提高赋形精度，终端上报物理信息的周期可选采用1秒。
在一些实施例中，终端还可以基于时间触发方式向服务小区基站上报终端的物理信息。例如，在终端设定固定的触发时间，当时间到达设定的触发时间时，终端向服务小区基站上报物理位置。
在一些实施例中，终端的物理信息包括终端的经纬度、高度、朝向和速度等信息。
步骤702，基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向。
干扰信号来自于与本通信系统频率共享的地面通信系统。终端根据接收到的干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向，以降低对地面通信系统的干扰。
步骤703，基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策 略。
在步骤703中，终端向服务小区基站发出的通信波束的指向和方向图与上述步骤103相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤704，获取服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平。
步骤705，基于服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平和预先设定的下行接收功率水平门限值确定终端是否离开服务小区的内部区域。
在步骤705中，下行接收功率水平门限值为设定值，可以根据情况设定。当终端接收到的服务小区的下行接收功率水平小于下行接收功率水平门限值时，认为该终端已经离开服务小区的内部区域，可能会发生小区切换。
步骤706，利用测量波束依次测量相邻小区的下行接收功率水平。
相邻小区是指与终端所在服务小区相邻的小区。测量波束是指终端指向相邻小区的窄波束。通过测量波束依次获得相邻小区的下行接收功率水平。
步骤707，在相邻小区的下行接收功率水平超过服务小区的下行接收功率水平，且服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平小于预先设定的下行接收功率水平门限值时，终端进行小区切换。
当相邻小区的下行接收功率水平超过服务小区的下行接收功率水平时，说明相邻小区优于当前服务小区，此时服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平小于预先设定的下行接收功率水平门限值，终端可选择时机进行小区切换。
在一些实施例中，在步骤701之后，所述方法还包括：基于终端的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置计算终端和服务小区基站之间的距离和终端相对于服务小区基站的角度；基于终端和服务小区基站之间的距离以及终端相对于服务小区基站的角度获得上行信号的时偏补偿；基于上行信号的时偏补偿对终端的上行信号进行补偿。
时偏补偿的计算方式如上述实施例中公式(2)和公式(3)，在此不再赘述。
在另一些实施例中，在超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统的其它干扰组合子帧上，根据超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统的负载或干扰情况，超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统的调度协调方案也可以在频域进行，即调度超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统对应的子帧，使该子帧分布在不同的频域位置，从而降低相互之间的干扰。
在一些实施例中，基于终端和服务小区基站之间的距离以及终端相对于服务小区基站的角度获得上行信号的时偏补偿和频偏补偿，然后基于上行信号的 时偏补偿和频偏补偿对终端的上行信号进行补偿，即，对上行信号进行时偏和频偏的预补偿。
在一些实施例中，为了降低超远覆盖通信系统与地面通信系统的干扰，超远覆盖通信系统的基站和天线尽量远离地面通信系统的基站和天线，即通过物理隔离方式降低超远覆盖通信系统与地面通信系统的干扰。
为了进一步降低超远覆盖通信系统与地面通信系统的干扰，本实施例的通信波束采用无线帧时隙结构的波束，而且，超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统进行信息交互，如资源分配时频域位置、干扰电平的高低、系统的调度信息等。
在一些实施例中，获取地面通信系统受干扰的下行时隙位置；基于地面通信系统受干扰的下行时隙位置停止调用通信波束中与之对应的上行时隙位置。地面通信系统与终端所在的超远覆盖通信系统为同频异系统。
例如，地面通信系统将受到干扰的时隙位置通知超远覆盖通信系统，使用超远覆盖通信系统的终端在对应的时隙D停止下行调度，并将该时隙配置为N子帧，从而降低对地面通信系统的上行时隙干扰。
本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置；基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向，基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略，即通信波束的指向和方向图是基于终端与服务小区基站的相对位置和干扰信号的方向确定，从而在频谱资源共享和遵守较小发射功率的基础上，实现超远距离(大于100km)传输，同时可以降低与地面通信系统之间的干扰。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法。该方法应用于超远覆盖通信系统的基站。图8为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图。参照图8，共享频谱资源的无线通信方法包括：
步骤801，基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定终端相对于服务小区基站的相对位置。
终端通过GPS等卫星定位系统获得当前物理位置，并将当前物理位置发送给服务小区基站。终端的物理位置包括但不限于终端的经度、纬度和高度等信息。
为了保证终端收发射的通信波束的赋形精度，终端上报其位置的周期可以设定为1秒，即终端每隔1s向服务小区上报物理位置。
在一些实施例中，基于终端的经度、纬度、高度和服务小区基站的经度、纬度和高度，确定终端相对于服务小区基站的相对位置。
步骤802，基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向。
干扰信号来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统，如5G地面通信系统。
步骤803，基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站的收发射策略包括服务小区基站对终端的通信波束的指向和方向图。服务小区基站根据服务小区基站与终端的相对位置以及干扰信号的方向指定朝向终端的通信波束的指向及方向图。
通信波束包括发射通信波束和接收通信波束；其中，发射通信波束用于向终端发送通信信号；接收通信波束用于接收来自终端的通信信号。
在本实施例中，服务小区基站和终端之间的发射和接收的通信波束可以采用射频模拟波束或基带数字波束。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站采用赋形天线，并基于终端的相对位置通过波束扫描算法DOA计算波达角，得到赋形权值，基于赋形权值获得朝向终端的通信波束的指向及方向图。
在一些实施例中，为了支持覆盖半径超过300km的通信系统，通信波束采用无线帧时隙结构的波束。
由于超远覆盖通信系统的小区覆盖距离较大，远远超过正常NR协议定义的最大覆盖距离，因此，通信波束存在时偏和频偏，这增加了无线通信系统的设计难度和实现的复杂度。
图9为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图。参照图9，共享频谱资源的无线通信方法包括：
步骤901，基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定终端相对于服务小区基站的相对位置。
为了降低无线通信系统的设计难度和实现的复杂度，在步骤801之后，所述方法还包括：
步骤902，基于终端的物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置计算终端和服务小区基站之间的距离和终端相对于服务小区基站的角度。
基于终端和服务小区基站之间的距离以及终端相对于服务小区基站的角度获得下行信号的时偏补偿和频偏补偿；基于下行信号的时偏补偿对终端的上行信号进行补偿。
在本实施例中，服务小区利用获取的终端的当前物理位置，计算终端与服 务小区基站之间的距离，在初始接入阶段或切换阶段，根据距离传播公式，计算初始的粗时偏，对上行发射的通信波束主动进行补偿调整。时偏补偿可以通过公式(2)和公式(3)计算获得，计算方式与上述实施例步骤302相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤903，基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向。
干扰信号来自于与超远覆盖通信系统共享频率的地面通信系统。服务小区基站接收到的干扰信号后，根据干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向，以降低对地面通信系统的干扰。
步骤904，基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站的收发射策略包括服务小区基站对终端的通信波束的指向和方向图。服务小区基站根据服务小区基站与终端的相对位置以及干扰信号的方向指定朝向终端的通信波束的指向及方向图。
通信波束包括发射通信波束和接收通信波束；其中，发射通信波束用于向终端发送通信信号；接收通信波束用于接收来自终端的通信信号。
如图2所示，服务小区基站接收5G基站的干扰信号后，基于干扰信号调整通信波束的方向图，并在干扰位置形成零陷。同时，服务小区基站基于与终端的相对位置，调整通信波束的指向，使服务小区基站指向终端的通信波束最强。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站基于终端的相对位置获得通信波束的预期指向，然后基于(地面通信系统)干扰信号和预期指向，采用最大信噪比准则计算最优发射权值，以在干扰位置形成零陷，从而获得接收增益的同时，降低干扰水平。
图10为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法的流程图。参照图10，共享频谱资源的无线通信方法包括：
步骤1001，基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定终端相对于服务小区基站的相对位置。
步骤1002，基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向。
步骤1003，确定发射通信波束中受干扰的时隙位置。
在一些实施例中，通信波束采用无线帧时隙结构的波束。无线帧的结构可参阅图4，无线帧的时长为固定的20ms，包括40个时隙，每个时隙占用0.5ms。其中，保护时隙GP为2ms，占用四个时隙，可以支持最大300km的小区覆盖半径，上行时隙U的数目为6个，下行时隙D的数目为30个，其中每个时隙 内部的资源块RB、正交频分复用OFDM符号的定义与3GPP 5G协议保持一致。
在本实施例中，地面通信系统与终端所在的超远覆盖通信系统为同频异系统，地面通信系统的下行时隙会对服务小区基站的上行造成干扰。当服务小区基站受地面通信系统的干扰时，将受干扰的时隙发送给地面通信系统，以供地面通信系统调节下行时隙。
步骤1004，将受干扰的时隙位置发送给第三方通信系统。
第三方通信系统可以是3G、4G或5G等地面通信系统。
在一些实施例中，超远覆盖通信系统与地面通信系统间可以交互信息，当超远覆盖通信系统受地面通信系统干扰时，超远覆盖通信系统可以将受干扰的时隙位置发送给地面通信系统。服务小区基站将受地面通信系统干扰的时隙位置发送给地面通信系统，地面通信系统停止调用与该受干扰的时隙位置相对应的下行时隙位置，从而降低对超远覆盖通信系统的干扰。例如，超远覆盖通信系统受干扰的时隙位置U，地面通信系统将与该受干扰相同时域位置的下行时隙配置为N子帧，从而降低对超远覆盖通信系统的上行时隙干扰。
如图5(b)所示，在超远覆盖通信系统的帧结构中，受地面通信系统干扰的上行时隙U为第七时隙至第十二时隙，地面通信系统基于超远覆盖通信系统中受干扰的上行时隙U，将第七时隙至第十二时隙设置为N子帧，即停止调用第七时隙至第十二时隙，从而降低对超远覆盖通信系统的上行时隙干扰。
为了降低超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统之间的相互干扰，不仅可以调度协调子帧的时域，还可以调度协调子帧的频域，即将超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统对应的子帧分布在不同的频域位置，频域位置的调度与时域位置的调度原理相同，在此不再赘述。
步骤1005，基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
在步骤1005中，服务小区基站基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向动态调整朝向终端的通信波束的指向及方向图。
在本实施例中，服务小区基站采用可调整波束指向的阵列天线，即赋形天线，赋形天线基于终端的相对位置动态调整朝向终端的通信波束的指向及方向图，即基于终端的相对位置通过波束扫描算法DOA计算波达角，得到赋形权值，基于赋形权值获得通信波束的指向及方向图。
当服务小区基站受到地面通信系统的干扰时，调整通信波束的方向图，即根据干扰信号的方向调整通信波束，在干扰信号较强的位置形成零陷，同时提高指向终端位置的通信波束的强度，如图2中点状虚线所示。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站基于终端的相对位置获得通信波束的预期指向，然后基于干扰信号和预期指向，采用最大信噪比准则计算最优发射权值，以在干扰位置形成零陷，从而获得接收增益的同时，降低干扰水平。
为了降低超远覆盖通信系统与地面通信系统的干扰，超远覆盖通信系统的基站和天线尽量远离地面通信系统的基站和天线，即通过物理隔离方式降低超远覆盖通信系统与地面通信系统的干扰。
图11为本公开实施例提供的超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统的地理位置分布图。如图11所示，超远覆盖通信系统的覆盖半径通常可以达到300km，超远覆盖通信系统的基站1101与第三方通信基站1102之间形成一个隔离区，隔离距离R可以为10km，隔离区域占超远覆盖通信系统的覆盖区域1％。
由于超远覆盖通信系统覆盖的距离较大，远超正常基站协议定义的最大覆盖距离，可用粗时偏对通信波束进行预补偿，可以降低通信系统的设计难度和实现的复杂度。
在本实施例中，服务小区基站利用获取的终端的位置，计算终端与服务小区基站之间的距离，在初始接入阶段或切换阶段，根据距离传播公式，计算初始的粗时偏，对下行发射的通信波束主动进行补偿调整。
为了保证该超远覆盖通信系统中下行小区级信道和用户级信道的通信波束的选择及赋形精度，终端需要给其所在服务小区的基站上报自己的物理位置信息。终端可以通过空口周期性地上报物理位置信息，也可以基于时间触发方式上报其物理位置信息。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站采用空域广播赋形波束方式发射下行小区级信道，或者，采用基于时域轮流发射的方式支持多个空域广播赋形波束。
在一些实施例中，服务小区基站发射的下行用户级信道，采用基带频域波束赋形；或者，根据服务小区基站的物理位置和终端上报的物理位置计算波达角，从而计算得到赋形权值；或者，服务小区基站也可以根据上行接收数据获取下行赋形权值，从而确保超远覆盖通信系统的下行小区级信道及用户级信道波束的选择及赋形精度。
在本实施例中，对于下行的小区级信道，在波束赋形同时，可以适当增加发射功率，以提高下行信号的稳定性。对于下行的用户级信道，可以采用窄波束赋形的方式，增大覆盖距离并降低对地面干扰。
在本实施例中，超远覆盖通信系统采用频分多址频分双工(Frequency Division Duplexing，FDD)制式，地面通信系统同样也采用FDD制式，因此，超远覆盖通信系统的上下行子帧配比与地面通信系统保持一致，而且时间同步， 如图12所示，超远覆盖通信系统和地面通信系统之间的干扰会发生在相同的子帧类型之间，即上行子帧U或下行子帧D互相干扰，在不同子帧类型之间不会发生干扰，相比时分多址TDD系统，相互干扰情况会有明显改善。
本公开实施例提供的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定终端相对于服务小区基站的相对位置；基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略，即动态调整通信波束的指向和方向图，从而在频谱资源共享和遵守较小发射功率的基础上，实现超远距离传输，同时可以降低与地面通信系统之间的干扰。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的终端。图13为本公开实施例提供的一种共享频谱资源的终端的原理框图。参照图13，共享频谱资源的终端包括：第一相对位置确定模块1301，干扰信号方向确定模块1302，策略制定模块1303和发射模块1304。
第一相对位置确定模块1301，配置为基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置。
服务小区基站是指超远覆盖通信系统的基站，不同于地面通信系统的基站，超远覆盖通信系统的基站的覆盖半径在100km以上。服务小区基站的物理位置基本是固定的，可以通过GPS等卫星定位系统获得，也可以预先存储在终端内。终端的当前物理位置可以通过GPS等定位模块获得，终端的当前物理位置包括经度、纬度、高度等信息。
干扰信号方向确定模块1302，配置为基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向；其中，干扰信号是来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统。
策略制定模块1303，配置为基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
在本实施例中，策略制定模块1303基于终端的相对位置通过波束扫描算法DOA计算波达角，得到赋形权值，基于赋形权值获得通信波束的指向及方向图。
发射模块1304，配置为基于发射策略接收和/或向外发射通信波束。
在本实施例中，发射模块1304采用动态可调整波束指向的阵列天线，其发射的通信波束可以是射频模拟波束或基带数字波束。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的终端，第一相对位置确定模块配置为基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定终端的相对位置，干扰信号方向确定模块，配置为基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向，策略制定模块，配置为基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略，发射模块，配置为基于收发射策略接收和/或向外发射发送通信波束，从而 在频谱资源共享和遵守较小发射功率的基础上，实现超远距离传输，同时可以降低与地面通信系统之间的干扰。
，本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的基站。图14为本公开实施例提供的另一种共享频谱资源的终端的原理框图。参照图14，共享频谱资源的基站包括：第二相对位置确定模块1401，干扰信号方向确定模块1402，策略制定模块1403和阵列天线1404。
第二相对位置确定模块1401，配置为基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定终端的相对位置。
服务小区基站的物理位置可以在基站建设完成后通过GPS等卫星定位系统获得，或者通过其它测量手段获得服务小区基站的物理位置。
第二相对位置确定模块1401是基于终端的经度、纬度、高度和服务小区基站的经度、纬度和高度，确定终端相对于服务小区基站的相对位置。
干扰信号方向确定模块1402，配置为基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向。
干扰信号来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统。
策略制定模块1403，配置为基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
阵列天线1404，配置为基于收发射策略接收和/或向外发射通信波束。
阵列天线1404为可调整波束指向的赋形天线。阵列天线1404可根据终端的相对位置通过波束扫描算法DOA计算波达角，得到赋形权值，基于赋形权值获得朝向终端的通信波束的指向及方向图，或者，阵列天线1404配置为基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向动态调整朝向服务小区基站的通信波束的指向及方向图。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的基站，第二相对位置确定模块配置为基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定终端的相对位置，干扰信号方向确定模块，配置为基于干扰信号确定干扰信号的方向；策略制定模块，配置为基于终端的相对位置和干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略，阵列天线配置为基于收发射策略接收和/或向外发射通信波束，从而在频谱资源共享和遵守较小发射功率的基础上，实现超远距离传输，同时可以降低与地面通信系统之间的干扰。
本公开实施例提供一种共享频谱资源的无线通信系统，包括超远覆盖基站和第三方通信基站。其中，超远覆盖基站采用上述实施例提供的共享频谱资源的基站，超远覆盖基站和第三方通信基站之间的距离超过预先设定的物理隔离 距离。
在一些实施例中，第三方通信基站是指3G、4G、5G等通信系统中的基站，超远覆盖基站是指覆盖范围在300公里以上的基站。
在一些实施例中，为了降低超远覆盖基站和第三方通信基站之间的相互干扰，超远覆盖基站和第三方通信基站采用物理隔离方式，如图11所示，预先设定的物理隔离距离是100公里，那么，将超远覆盖基站和第三方通信基站之间最短的距离设置在100公里以上。
预先设定的物理隔离距离可以根据实际情况设定，如150公里或200公里等。
参照图15，本公开实施例提供一种电子设备，其包括：一个或多个处理器1501；存储器1502，其上存储有一个或多个程序，当一个或多个程序被一个或多个处理器执行，使得一个或多个处理器实现上述任意一项的共享频谱资源的无线通信方法；一个或多个I/O接口1503，连接在处理器与存储器之间，配置为实现处理器与存储器的信息交互。
处理器1501为具有数据处理能力的器件，其包括但不限于中央处理器(Center Processing Unit，CPU)等；存储器1502为具有数据存储能力的器件，其包括但不限于随机存取存储器((Random Access Memory，RAM)，如同步动态随机存储器(Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory，SDRAM)、双倍速率同步动态随机存储器(Double Data Rate，DDR)等)、ROM、带电可擦可编程只读存储器(Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory，EEPROM)、闪存(FLASH)；I/O接口(读写接口)1503连接在处理器1501与存储器1502间，能实现处理器1501与存储器1502的信息交互，其包括但不限于数据总线(Bus)等。
在一些实施例中，处理器1501、存储器1502和I/O接口1503通过总线相互连接，进而与计算设备的其它组件连接。
本公开实施例提供一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，程序被处理器执行时实现上述任意一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解，上文中所公开方法中的全部或某些步骤、系统、装置中的功能模块/单元可以被实施为软件、固件、硬件及其适当的组合。在硬件实施方式中，在以上描述中提及的功能模块/单元之间的划分不一定对应于物理组件的划分；例如，一个物理组件可以具有多个功能，或者一个功能或步骤可以由多个物理组件合作执行。一些物理组件或所有物理组件可以被实施为由处理器，如中央处理器、数字信号处理器或微处理器执行的软件，或者被 实施为硬件，或者被实施为集成电路，如专用集成电路。这样的软件可以分布在计算机可读介质上，计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质(或非暂时性介质)和通信介质(或暂时性介质)。如本领域普通技术人员公知的，术语计算机存储介质包括在用于存储信息(诸如计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或其它数据)的任何方法或技术中实施的易失性和非易失性、可移除和不可移除介质。计算机存储介质包括但不限于RAM、ROM、EEPROM、闪存或其它存储器技术、光盘只读存储器(Compact Disc Read-Only Memory，CD-ROM)、数字多功能盘(Digital Versatile Disc，DVD)或其它光盘存储、磁盒、磁带、磁盘存储或其它磁存储装置、或者可以用于存储期望的信息并且可以被计算机访问的任何其它的介质。此外，本领域普通技术人员公知的是，通信介质通常包含计算机可读指令、数据结构、程序模块或者诸如载波或其它传输机制之类的调制数据信号中的其它数据，并且可包括任何信息递送介质。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，应用于终端侧，包括：
    基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；
    基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号是来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；
    基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述收发射策略包括调整对所述服务小区基站的通信波束的指向及方向图。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述通信波束包括发射通信波束和接收通信波束；其中，所述发射通信波束用于向所述服务小区基站发送通信信号；
    所述接收通信波束包括业务接收通信波束和测量接收通信波束，所述业务接收通信波束用于接收来自所述服务小区基站的通信信号，所述测量接收通信波束用于接收来自于相邻小区的测量信号，所述相邻小区是指所述服务小区的相邻小区。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，在所述基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向之前或之后，还包括：
    获取受干扰的第三方通信系统的下行时隙位置；
    基于所述第三方通信系统的下行时隙位置停止调用所述通信波束中与所述第三方通信系统的下行时隙位置对应的上行时隙位置。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，所述基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略之前或之后，还包括：
    获取所述服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平；
    基于所述服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平和预先设定的下行接收功率水平门限值确定所述终端是否离开服务小区的内部区域。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，所述基于所述服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平和预先设定的下行接收功率水平门限值确定所述终端是否离开服务小区的内部区域之后，还包括：
    利用测量波束获取所述相邻小区的下行接收功率水平；
    依次测量所述相邻小区的下行接收功率水平；
    在所述相邻小区的下行接收功率水平超过所述服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平，且所述服务小区基站的下行接收功率水平小于预先设定的所述下行接 收功率水平门限值时，所述终端进行小区切换。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，所述基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置之后，还包括：
    基于所述终端的当前物理位置和所述服务小区基站的物理位置计算所述终端和所述服务小区基站之间的距离和所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的角度；
    基于所述终端和所述服务小区基站之间的距离以及所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的角度获得上行信号的时偏补偿；
    基于所述上行信号的时偏补偿对所述终端的上行信号进行补偿。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任意一项所述的方法，所述基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置之前或之后，还包括：
    通过空口周期性地向所述服务小区基站上报终端的物理信息，或者基于时间触发方式向所述服务小区基站上报终端的物理信息。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7任意一项所述的方法，其中，所述通信波束为射频模拟波束或基带数字波束。
  10. 一种共享频谱资源的无线通信方法，应用于基站，包括：
    基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；
    基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；
    基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述收发射策略包括调整朝向所述终端的通信波束的指向及方向图。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述通信波束包括发射通信波束和接收通信波束；其中，所述发射通信波束用于向所述终端发送通信信号；所述接收通信波束用于接收来自所述终端的通信信号。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，所述基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略之前，还包括：
    确定所述发射通信波束中受干扰的时隙位置；
    将所述受干扰的时隙位置发送给所述第三方通信系统，以供所述第三方通 信系统停止调用与所述受干扰的时隙位置对应的下行时隙位置。
  14. 根据权利要求10-13任意一项所述的方法，还包括以下至少之一：在发射下行的小区级信道的情况下，采用空域广播赋形方式发射所述通信波束；和在发射下行用户级信道的情况下，采用基带频域波束赋形方式发射所述通信波束。
  15. 一种共享频谱资源的终端，包括：
    相对位置确定模块，配置为基于服务小区基站的物理位置和终端的当前物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；
    干扰信号方向确定模块，配置为基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号是来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；
    策略制定模块，配置为基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略；
    发射模块，配置为基于所述收发射策略接收所述通信波束和向外发射所述通信波束中的至少之一。
  16. 一种共享频谱资源的基站，包括：
    相对位置确定模块，配置为基于终端上报的当前物理位置和服务小区基站的物理位置确定所述终端相对于所述服务小区基站的相对位置；
    干扰信号方向确定模块，配置为基于干扰信号确定所述干扰信号的方向；其中，所述干扰信号来自于与当前通信系统共享频率的第三方通信系统；
    策略制定模块，配置为基于所述相对位置和所述干扰信号的方向制定通信波束的收发射策略；
    阵列天线，配置为基于所述收发射策略接收所述通信波束和向外发射所述通信波束中的至少之一。
  17. 一种共享频谱资源的无线通信系统，包括超远覆盖基站和第三方通信基站，所述超远覆盖基站采用权利要求16所述共享频谱资源的基站，所述超远覆盖基站和所述第三方通信基站之间的距离超过预先设定的物理隔离距离。
  18. 一种电子设备，包括：
    至少一个处理器；
    存储装置，存储有至少一个程序，当所述至少一个程序被所述至少一个处理器执行，使得所述至少一个处理器实现根据权利要求1-9或10-14任意一项所述的方法；
    至少一个输入/输出I/O接口，连接在所述处理器与存储器之间，配置为实现所述处理器与存储器的信息交互。
  19. 一种计算机可读介质，存储有计算机程序，所述程序被处理器执行时实现根据权利要求1-9或10-14任意一项所述的方法。
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