WO2021249089A1 - 电池包及车辆 - Google Patents

电池包及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021249089A1
WO2021249089A1 PCT/CN2021/093195 CN2021093195W WO2021249089A1 WO 2021249089 A1 WO2021249089 A1 WO 2021249089A1 CN 2021093195 W CN2021093195 W CN 2021093195W WO 2021249089 A1 WO2021249089 A1 WO 2021249089A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wedge
battery
battery array
battery pack
thickness
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2021/093195
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张越
周燕飞
张中林
顾晓峰
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BYD Co Ltd
Original Assignee
BYD Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BYD Co Ltd filed Critical BYD Co Ltd
Priority to EP21822841.9A priority Critical patent/EP4148885A4/en
Priority to JP2022576047A priority patent/JP7555432B2/ja
Priority to KR1020237000411A priority patent/KR20230021097A/ko
Publication of WO2021249089A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021249089A1/zh
Priority to US18/077,612 priority patent/US20230102725A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0481—Compression means other than compression means for stacks of electrodes and separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery pack and a vehicle.
  • the battery pack usually adopts a fixed-size design, that is, after a plurality of battery cells are arranged in sequence to form a battery array, different degrees of initial pretension are applied to make the overall thickness of the arranged battery array to a certain value.
  • a certain difference in its thickness due to the deviation of each battery cell during manufacturing, there is a certain difference in its thickness, which in turn leads to a difference in the overall thickness of the battery array containing the same number of battery cells.
  • each battery array contains When the thickness of the same number of batteries reaches a certain value, different initial pretension forces will be applied to the battery array, which will result in differences in the cycle performance of the batteries, which will affect the cycle life of the batteries.
  • a battery pack including: a box body formed with an installation space; a battery array, the battery array is arranged in the installation space, the battery array includes a plurality of preset edges Batteries arranged in a direction, the preset direction is parallel to the thickness of the battery; an adjustment shim group, the adjustment shim group includes at least one adjustment shim, the adjustment shim group is arranged in the installation In the space and located on one side of the battery array in the preset direction; a first wedge-shaped member, the first wedge-shaped member is provided in the installation space, and the first wedge-shaped member is located in the battery array On the other side of the preset direction or on the side of the adjustment pad facing away from the battery array to squeeze the battery array and the adjustment pad group, wherein the number of adjustment pads It is configured such that the pressing force received by the battery array in the installation space is a predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • the number of adjustment spacers is configured such that the pressing force received by the battery array in the installation space is a predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • the battery pack can adjust the pressing force of the battery array in the installation space, and then the pressing force can be adjusted to a predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • it can be determined through experiments in advance that when the battery array is in a squeezed state, the battery cell has a better number of cycles and the best squeezing force for charging and discharging performance during the life cycle, that is, Pre-tightening force.
  • the squeezing force applied to each battery array can be a predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • the number of cycles and charging and discharging performance of the cells in each battery array can be improved, and at the same time, the modal of the box body and the anti-vibration reliability of the box body can be improved.
  • the thickness of the first wedge gradually decreases from the top of the box to the bottom of the box.
  • the inner wall of the box body includes a first inclined surface and a first vertical surface opposite to each other in the preset direction, and the first wedge has a mating inclined surface and a mating vertical surface.
  • the inclined surface is attached to the first inclined surface, and the adjusting gasket set is attached to the first vertical surface or the mating vertical surface.
  • the battery pack further includes a second wedge provided in the installation space, the second wedge is located between the first wedge and the box, the The second wedge has a first inclined surface, the inner wall of the box body includes a first vertical surface opposite to the first inclined surface in the preset direction, and the first vertical surface is located away from the battery array.
  • the first wedge-shaped piece On one side of the second wedge-shaped piece, the first wedge-shaped piece has a matching inclined surface and a matching vertical surface, the matching inclined surface is attached to the first inclined surface, and the adjusting gasket set is attached to the first vertical surface. Surface or the mating vertical surface.
  • the number of the adjustment spacers is configured such that the sum of the thickness of the adjustment spacer group and the thickness of the battery array after being pressed is a predetermined thickness
  • the first wedge is configured as The distance between the mating vertical surface and the first vertical surface is the predetermined thickness, so that the pressing force of the battery array in the installation space is the predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • the initial thickness of the battery array before being assembled into the installation space and the number of adjustment pads satisfy the following relationship:
  • Tcells' is the initial thickness of the battery array before being installed in the installation space
  • n is the number of the adjustment pads, and n ⁇ 1;
  • T pack is the minimum distance between the first inclined surface and the first vertical surface in the preset direction
  • T shim is the minimum thickness of the first wedge in the predetermined direction
  • T shim is the thickness of the adjustment gasket
  • K cell is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the battery array
  • K shim is the stiffness coefficient of the adjustment pad
  • ⁇ T shims is the amount of compression of the adjustment gasket
  • F is the predetermined preload.
  • the battery pack further includes a fixing member connected to the box body to fix the first wedge-shaped member in the installation space.
  • the fixing member is a bolt
  • the box body is provided with a screw hole
  • the first wedge member is provided with a fixing hole
  • the bolt passes through the fixing hole to communicate with the The screw holes are matched, and a side of the fixing hole away from the battery array is provided with an escape hole to avoid the bolt.
  • the battery pack includes a plurality of the fixing members, the plurality of fixing members are spaced apart along the length direction of the first wedge member, and the length direction of the first wedge member is opposite to the first wedge member.
  • the length directions of the batteries are parallel.
  • the first wedge is provided with a weight-reducing groove or a weight-reducing hole.
  • the height of the first wedge is less than or equal to the height of the battery array.
  • the battery pack further includes a tensioning member
  • the box body includes a bottom plate and a side plate surrounding the periphery of the bottom plate, and the bottom plate and the side plate jointly define the installation Space
  • the side panel includes a first side panel and a second side panel oppositely arranged in the preset direction, the tensioning member is located on the top of the box, and connects the first side panel and the second side panel Side panels.
  • the second aspect of the present disclosure provides a vehicle including the above-mentioned battery pack.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack
  • Figure 2 is an exploded view of the battery pack
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the first wedge
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the battery pack and the vehicle.
  • Adjusting gasket group 30 Adjusting gasket 31; Battery array 40; Battery 41; Tension member 50.
  • the battery pack S includes: a box body 10, a battery array 40, a first wedge 21 and an adjusting gasket group 30.
  • the box body 10 is formed with an installation space 11, and the battery array 40 is arranged in the installation space. In 11, the box body 10 can support and protect the battery array 40.
  • the battery array 40 includes a plurality of battery cells 41 arranged in a predetermined direction, and the predetermined direction is parallel to the thickness direction of the battery cells 41.
  • the battery core 41 is a square battery core, the battery core 41 has a length, a width, and a thickness. The length of the battery core 41 is greater than the width of the battery core 41, and the width of the battery core 41 is greater than the thickness of the battery core 41.
  • the length direction of the cell 41 is the X direction
  • the thickness direction of the cell 41 is the Y direction
  • the width direction of the cell 41 is the Z direction.
  • the length direction of the battery core 41 is parallel to the length direction of the battery pack S, and the thickness direction of the battery core 41 is parallel to the width direction of the battery pack S.
  • the length direction of the battery core 41 can also be parallel to the width direction of the battery pack S, and the thickness direction of the battery core 41 can also be parallel to the length direction of the battery pack S.
  • the adjusting shim set 30 includes at least one adjusting shim 31.
  • the adjusting shim set 30 is provided in the installation space 11 and located at one of the battery arrays 40 in the preset direction (ie, the Y direction). side.
  • the first wedge member 21 is disposed in the installation space 11, and the first wedge member 21 is located on the other side of the battery array 40 in the preset direction or on the side of the adjusting pad group 30 away from the battery array 40 to align the battery array 40. Squeeze with the adjusting shim group 30.
  • one side of the first wedge member 21 abuts against the box body 10, and the other side of the first wedge member 21 can abut against the adjustment pad group 30 to adjust the battery array 40 and The gasket group 30 is extruded.
  • one side of the first wedge 21 abuts against the box body 10, and the other side of the first wedge 21 abuts against the battery array 40 to squeeze the battery array 40 and the adjusting gasket group 30.
  • the number of adjustment pads 31 is configured such that the pressing force received by the battery array 40 in the installation space 11 is a predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • the battery pack S can adjust the pressing force of the battery array 40 in the installation space 11 by adjusting the number of the spacers 31, and then the pressing force can be adjusted to a predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • the battery cell 41 According to the performance requirements of the battery cell 41, it can be determined through experiments in advance that when the battery array 40 is in a squeezed state, the battery cell 41 can have a better number of cycles and the best squeezing force for charging and discharging performance during the life cycle. That is, the predetermined preload. Therefore, for battery arrays 40 with different thicknesses (each battery array 40 has the same number of cells 41), by controlling the number of adjustment pads 31, the pressing force applied to each battery array 40 can be equal to The predetermined pre-tensioning force can increase the number of cycles and the charging and discharging performance of the cells 41 in each battery array 40, and at the same time can also improve the modal of the box 10 and improve the anti-vibration reliability of the box 10.
  • the thickness of the first wedge 21 gradually decreases from the top of the box 10 to the bottom of the box 10. Because the thickness of the first wedge 21 gradually decreases in the direction from the top of the box body 10 to the bottom of the box body 10, when the first wedge member 21 is matched with the box body 10, the first wedge member 21 can be provided.
  • the squeezing force received by the battery array 40 in the installation space 11 is controlled by adjusting the position of the first wedge 21 relative to the box body 10 and the number of shims 31.
  • the thickness of the first wedge 21 gradually decreases from the top of the box 10 to the bottom of the box 10. It can be seen from FIG. 4 that the first wedge 21 is in the Y direction. The thickness of one end of the wedge 21 is greater than the thickness of the other end. It can be understood that, in the Y direction, the end of the first wedge 21 with a larger thickness is the top of the box body 10, and the end with a smaller thickness is the thickness of the box body 10. bottom.
  • the inner wall of the box body 10 includes a first inclined surface 12 and a first vertical surface 13 opposed to each other in a preset direction, and the first wedge 21 has a mating inclined surface 211
  • the mating inclined surface 211 is attached to the first inclined surface 12
  • the adjusting gasket set 30 is attached to the first vertical surface 13 or the mating vertical surface 212.
  • the adjusting shim group 30 can be arranged between the mating vertical surface 212 of the first wedge 21 and the battery array 40, or between the battery array 40 and the first vertical surface 13 of the box 10.
  • the inner walls of the box body 10 are two opposite inner surfaces of the box body 10 in the Y direction.
  • the normal direction of the first vertical surface 13 is parallel to the Y direction.
  • the battery pack S further includes a second wedge (not shown) provided in the installation space 11, the second wedge is located between the first wedge 21 and the box body 10.
  • the two wedge-shaped members have a first inclined surface
  • the inner wall of the box body 10 includes a first vertical surface 13 opposite to the first inclined surface in a preset direction
  • the first vertical surface 13 is located on the side of the battery array 40 away from the second wedge-shaped member
  • the first wedge 21 has a matching inclined surface 211 and a matching vertical surface 212
  • the matching inclined surface 211 is attached to the first inclined surface
  • the adjusting gasket set 30 is attached to the first vertical surface 13 or the matching vertical surface 212.
  • the battery array 40 can be provided with a pressing force in the Y direction; through the cooperation of the first wedge 21 and the adjustment pad group 30, The squeezing force received by the battery array 40 in the installation space 11 is controlled.
  • the number of adjustment pads 31 is configured such that the sum of the dimensions of the adjustment pad group 30 and the compressed battery array 40 in the Y direction is a predetermined thickness
  • the first wedge 21 is configured such that the mating vertical The distance between the surface 212 and the first vertical surface 13 is a predetermined thickness, so that the squeezing force received by the battery array 40 in the installation space 11 is a predetermined pre-tightening force.
  • a standard battery array 40 (that is, the standard value of the thickness of each cell 41 in the battery array 40) can be squeezed through tooling.
  • the standard battery array 40 is subjected to
  • the squeezing force of the battery array 40 is the predetermined pre-tightening force
  • the size of the battery array 40 in the Y direction is the predetermined thickness
  • the squeezing force of the battery array 40 can be obtained by detecting the pressure at the tooling; similarly, the battery array 40 is subjected to the compression force before assembling.
  • the installed battery array 40 (the battery array 40 has a different thickness from the above-mentioned standard battery array 40, but has the same number of cells 41, where the difference in thickness is due to errors in the manufacture of each cell 41).
  • the pressing force of the battery array 40 is a predetermined pre-tightening force
  • the thickness is measured.
  • the number of adjustment pads 31 can be determined according to the difference between the predetermined thickness and the measured thickness. (That is, the adjustment pad group 30), so that the total size of the adjustment pad group 30 and the compressed battery array 40 in the Y direction is a predetermined thickness.
  • the battery array 40 to be installed and the determined number of adjustment spacers 31 (that is, the adjustment spacer group 30) can be installed in the installation space 11 first, and then the first wedge 21 is inserted into the installation space 11 , And since the distance between the mating vertical surface 212 of the first wedge 21 and the first vertical surface 13 of the box body 10 in the preset direction (that is, the Y direction) is a preset thickness, the first wedge 21 is inserted into the installation space 11 Afterwards, the battery array 40 can be squeezed, and the sum of the dimensions in the Y direction of the adjusting gasket group 30 and the squeezed battery array 40 can be a predetermined thickness. At this time, the squeezing force received by the battery array 40 is the predetermined predetermined thickness. Tight force.
  • the first wedge 21 can be inserted into the installation space 11 during assembly, and then the adjustment spacer 31 can be inserted.
  • the battery array 40 can be monitored in real time in the installation space 11 When it is measured that the compression force received by the battery array 40 reaches the predetermined pre-tightening force, the number of spacers 31 can be adjusted to make the battery array 40 receive the predetermined pre-tension force in the installation space 11 Tight force.
  • the initial thickness of the battery array 40 before being squeezed is Tcells'
  • the number of adjustment pads 31 is n
  • n ⁇ 1 Tcells' and n satisfy the following relationship:
  • T pack is the minimum distance (mm) between the first inclined surface and the first vertical surface in the preset direction
  • T wedge is the minimum thickness (mm) of the first wedge 21 in the preset direction
  • T shim is the thickness of the adjustment pad 31 (mm);
  • K cell is the equivalent stiffness coefficient of the battery array 40 (its value>0);
  • K shim is the stiffness coefficient of the adjustment pad 31 (its value>0);
  • ⁇ T shims is the amount of compression of the adjustment gasket 31
  • F is the pre-tightening force design value (N).
  • the wedge angle ⁇ of the first wedge 21 is used to ensure the assembly operation, and does not participate in the adjustment of the pre-tightening force F.
  • the method for determining the number of adjustment pads 31 of the adjustment pad group 30 is as follows: before assembling, a set of standard battery arrays 40 can be squeezed through tooling. When the squeezing force is a predetermined pre-tightening force, the thickness of the battery array 40 is a predetermined thickness, and the squeezing force of the battery array 40 can be obtained by detecting the pressure at the tooling; similarly, before assembling a group of battery arrays 40 to be installed (The battery array 40 has a different thickness from the standard battery array 40 mentioned above, but has the same number of cells 41, where the difference in thickness is due to errors in the manufacture of each cell 41). When the pressing force of 40 is the predetermined pre-tightening force, the thickness is measured.
  • the number of adjustment pads 31 (that is, adjustment pads) can be determined according to the difference between the predetermined thickness and the measured thickness. Group 30). It should be noted that the deformation amount of the adjustment pad 31 is very small, so ⁇ Tshims can be ignored.
  • the adjusting washer 31 may be selected from metal sheets, such as steel sheets.
  • the battery pack S further includes a fixing member 22 connected to the box body 10 to fix the first wedge member 21 in the installation space 11.
  • the first wedge member 21 can be fixed in the installation space 11 by the fixing member 22, so as to ensure that the first wedge member 21 will not change position relative to the box body 10, so that the battery array 40 can be subjected to a constant pretensioning force.
  • the fixing member 22 is a bolt
  • the box body 10 is provided with a screw hole
  • the first wedge member 21 is provided with a fixing hole
  • the bolt passes through the fixing hole to match the screw hole
  • the fixing hole is away from the battery array 40
  • An escape port 213 is provided on one side to avoid bolts.
  • the box 10 and the first wedge 21 are connected by bolts, the connection strength between the box 10 and the first wedge 21 can be improved, and the first wedge 21 will not be separated from the box 10 when the battery pack S is in use. .
  • the first wedge 21 will move toward the bottom of the box 10 relative to the box 10 and at the same time move toward the battery array 40.
  • the bolts move relative to the box body 10 only in the direction close to the bottom of the box body 10, but not in the direction close to the battery array 40, so that the first wedge 21 is opposite during the assembly process.
  • the bolts are also moving in the direction close to the battery array 40, so an escape opening 213 is provided on the side of the fixing hole away from the battery array 40, which can prevent the first wedge 21 from contacting the battery array 40 when moving in the direction close to the battery array 40.
  • the bolts interfere.
  • the fixing hole on the first wedge 21 can also be designed as a long strip hole, so that by controlling the length of the hole, the avoiding bolt can be realized without opening the avoiding opening 213.
  • the box body 10 includes a bottom plate 16 and a side plate 15 surrounding the bottom plate 16.
  • the bottom plate 16 and the side plate 15 jointly define the installation space 11, and the screw holes can be provided on the bottom plate 16, or the bottom plate 16 of the box body 10.
  • a mounting plate or a mounting block is arranged on the upper part, and the screw holes are arranged on the mounting plate or the mounting block. In this regard, this application does not make specific limitations.
  • the battery pack S includes a plurality of fixing members 22, which are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the first wedge 21 (that is, the X direction), and the length direction of the first wedge 21 is connected to the electrical
  • the longitudinal direction of the core 41 is parallel.
  • the fixing member 22 is a pressure plate, which is connected to the box body 10 and is pressed on the top of the first wedge member 21. With this arrangement, the pressure plate is directly pressed on the top of the first wedge member 21, which not only ensures the connection strength between the first wedge member 21 and the box body 10, but also facilitates the connection between the first wedge member 21 and the box body 10. .
  • the fixing member 22 is a buckle
  • the buckle is disposed on the first wedge member 21, and the buckle is clipped to the box body 10.
  • the first wedge 21 is distributed with lightening grooves 214 or lightening holes.
  • the weight of the first wedge member 21 can be reduced, so that the lightweight design of the battery pack S can be realized.
  • the height of the first wedge 21 (that is, the size of the first wedge 21 in the Z direction) is less than or equal to the height of the battery array 40 (that is, the size of the battery array 40 in the Z direction).
  • the size of the first wedge 21 in the Z direction can be equal to the size of the battery array 40 in the Z direction. At this time, it can be ensured that the battery array 40 is It can be uniformly preloaded in the Z direction.
  • the first wedge 21 is not in contact with the bottom of the box 10, it is necessary to ensure that the first wedge 21 does not exceed the battery array 40 in the Z direction, so the size of the first wedge 21 in the Z direction is smaller than that of the battery. The size of the array 40 in the Z direction.
  • the battery pack S further includes a tensioning member 50.
  • the box body 10 includes a bottom plate 16 and a side plate 15 surrounding the bottom plate 16.
  • the bottom plate 16 and the side plate 15 jointly define an installation space 11 .
  • the side plate 15 includes a first side plate 151 and a second side plate 152 arranged opposite to each other in a preset direction, and the tension member 50 is located on the top of the box body 10 and connects the first side plate 151 and the second side plate 152.
  • the first wedge 21 and the adjusting gasket set 30 cooperate to pre-tighten the battery array 40, the first wedge 21 will press the first side plate 151 and the second side plate 152, and the second side plate 152 can be pressed by the tensioning member 50.
  • the side plate 151 and the second side plate 152 are fixedly connected together, so that the bearing capacity of the box body 10 can be improved, and the box body 10 can be prevented from being damaged by force.
  • a plurality of ribs 14 are provided on the outside of the box body 10.
  • the structural strength of the box body 10 can be improved.
  • the vehicle Q includes the above-mentioned battery pack S, and the battery pack S is used as a power battery on the vehicle Q.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

一种电池包(S)，包括：箱体(10)形成有安装空间(11)；电池阵列(40)设置于安装空间(11)内，电池阵列(40)包括多个沿预设方向排布的电芯(41)；调节垫片组(30)含有至少一个调节垫片(31)，调节垫片组(30)设于安装空间(11)内，且位于电池阵列(40)在预设方向的一侧；第一楔形件(21)设于安装空间(11)内，且第一楔形件(11)位于电池阵列(40)在预设方向的另一侧或位于调节垫片(31)背离电池阵列(40)的一侧，以对电池阵列(40)和调节垫片组(30)进行挤压。

Description

电池包及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本公开要求比亚迪股份有限公司于2020年06月09日提交的、申请名称为“电池包及车辆”的、中国专利申请号“202021060982.0”的优先权。
技术领域
本公开涉及电池技术领域，尤其是涉及一种电池包及车辆。
背景技术
相关技术中，电池包通常采用定尺寸设计，即，当多个电芯依次排布形成电池阵列后，通过施加不同程度的初始预紧力，使得排布好的电池阵列整体厚度为一定值。但是，由于每个电芯在制造时的偏差造成其厚度存在一定的差异，进而导致含有同等数量电芯的电池阵列的整体厚度存在差异，这样为了使不同的电池阵列(每个电池阵列均含有同等数量的电芯)的厚度达到一定值，必然会给电池阵列施加不同的初始预紧力，从而导致电芯的循环性能产生差异，进而影响电芯的循环使用寿命。
发明内容
本公开一方面提出了一种电池包，包括：箱体，所述箱体形成有安装空间；电池阵列，所述电池阵列设置于所述安装空间内，所述电池阵列包括多个沿预设方向排布的电芯，所述预设方向与所述电芯的厚度平行；调节垫片组，所述调节垫片组含有至少一个调节垫片，所述调节垫片组设于所述安装空间内，且位于所述电池阵列在所述预设方向的一侧；第一楔形件，所述第一楔形件设于所述安装空间内，且所述第一楔形件位于所述电池阵列在所述预设方向的另一侧或位于所述调节垫片背离所述电池阵列的一侧，以对所述电池阵列和调节垫片组进行挤压，其中，所述调节垫片的数量配置为使得所述电池阵列在所述安装空间内受到的挤压力为预定预紧力。
根据本公开实施例的电池包，调节垫片的数量配置为使得电池阵列在安装空间内受到的挤压力为预定预紧力。也就是说，电池包通过调节垫片的数量可以调节电池阵列在安装空间内受到的挤压力，进而可将该挤压力调节至预定预紧力。并且，根据电芯的性能要求，可以事先通过试验确定出在电池阵列处于挤压状态时，能够使得电芯在生命周期内具有较佳循环次数和充放电性能的最佳挤压力，也即预定预紧力。因此，对于厚度不同的电池阵列(每个电池阵列均具有同等数量的电芯)，通过控制调节垫片的数量，可以使得施加在每 个电池阵列上的挤压力均为预定预紧力，从而可提高每个电池阵列中的电芯的循环次数和充放电性能，同时还可提升箱体的模态以及提高箱体的抗振动可靠性。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述第一楔形件的厚度在所述箱体的顶部到所述箱体的底部的方向逐渐减小。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述箱体的内壁包括在所述预设方向上相对的第一斜面和第一竖面，所述第一楔形件具有配合斜面和配合竖面，所述配合斜面贴设于所述第一斜面，所述调节垫片组贴设于所述第一竖面或所述配合竖面。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述电池包还包括设于所述安装空间内的第二楔形件，所述第二楔形件位于所述第一楔形件和所述箱体之间，所述第二楔形件具有第一斜面，所述箱体的内壁包括在所述预设方向上与所述第一斜面相对的第一竖面，且所述第一竖面位于所述电池阵列背离所述第二楔形件的一侧，所述第一楔形件具有配合斜面和配合竖面，所述配合斜面贴设于所述第一斜面，所述调节垫片组贴设于所述第一竖面或所述配合竖面。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述调节垫片的数量配置为使得所述调节垫片组的厚度和被挤压后的电池阵列的厚度的总和为预定厚度，所述第一楔形件配置为使得所述配合竖面与第一竖面之间的间距为所述预定厚度，进而使得所述电池阵列在所述安装空间内受到的挤压力为所述预定预紧力。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述电池阵列在装配到所述安装空间之前的初始厚度与所述调节垫片的数量满足以下关系式：
Figure PCTCN2021093195-appb-000001
其中，Tcells'为所述电池阵列在安装到所述安装空间之前的初始厚度；
n为所述调节垫片的数量，且n≥1；
T pack为所述第一斜面与所述第一竖面在所述预设方向的最小间距；
T shim为所述第一楔形件在所述预设方向的最小厚度；
T shim为所述调节垫片的厚度；
K cell为所述电池阵列的等效劲度系数；
K shim为所述调节垫片的劲度系数；
△T shims为所述调节垫片的压缩量；
F为预定预紧力。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述电池包还包括固定件，所述固定件与所述箱体连接，以将所述第一楔形件固定于所述安装空间内。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述固定件为螺栓，所述箱体上设有螺孔，所述第一楔形 件上设有固定孔，所述螺栓穿过所述固定孔以与所述螺孔相配合，所述固定孔背离所述电池阵列的一侧设有避让口以避让所述螺栓。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述电池包包括多个所述固定件，多个所述固定件沿所述第一楔形件的长度方向间隔分布，所述第一楔形件的长度方向与所述电芯的长度方向平行。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述第一楔形件上设有减重槽或减重孔。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述第一楔形件的高度小于或等于所述电池阵列的高度。
根据本公开的一些实施例，所述电池包还包括拉紧件，所述箱体包括底板及围设于所述底板周边的侧板，所述底板和所述侧板共同限定出所述安装空间；所述侧板包括在所述预设方向相对设置的第一侧板和第二侧板，所述拉紧件位于所述箱体的顶部，且连接所述第一侧板和第二侧板。
本公开第二方面提出了一种车辆，包括上述电池包。
本公开的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本公开的实践了解到。
附图说明
本公开的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是电池包的结构示意图；
图2是电池包的爆炸图；
图3是电池包的结构简图；
图4是第一楔形件的结构示意图；
图5是电池包与车辆的关系示意图。
附图标记：
电池包S；车辆Q；
箱体10；安装空间11；第一斜面12；第一竖面13；筋条14；侧板15；第一侧板151；第二侧板152；底板16；
第一楔形件21；配合斜面211；配合竖面212；避让口213；减重槽214；固定件22；
调节垫片组30；调节垫片31；电池阵列40；电芯41；拉紧件50。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本公开的实施例，参考附图描述的实施例是示例性的，下面详细描述本公开的实施例。
下面参考图1-图5描述根据本公开实施例的电池包S，本公开还提出了具有上述电池 包S的车辆，电池包S用于作为动力电池使用。
结合图1和图4所示，电池包S包括：箱体10、电池阵列40、第一楔形件21和调节垫片组30，箱体10形成有安装空间11，电池阵列40设置于安装空间11内，箱体10可以起到支撑和保护电池阵列40的作用。并且，电池阵列40包括多个沿预设方向排布的电芯41，预设方向与电芯41的厚度方向平行。其中，电芯41为方形电芯，电芯41具有长度、宽度和厚度，电芯41的长度大于电芯41的宽度，电芯41的宽度大于电芯41的厚度。并且，如图1所示，电芯41的长度方向为X方向，电芯41的厚度方向为Y方向，电芯41的宽度方向为Z方向。
在一实施例中，电芯41的长度方向与电池包S的长度方向平行，电芯41的厚度方向与电池包S的宽度方向平行。当然，在另一实施例中，电芯41的长度方向也可与电池包S的宽度方向平行，电芯41的厚度方向也可与电池包S的长度方向平行。
如图2和图3所示，调节垫片组30含有至少一个调节垫片31，调节垫片组30设于安装空间11内，且位于电池阵列40在预设方向(即Y方向)的一侧。第一楔形件21设于安装空间11内，且第一楔形件21位于电池阵列40在预设方向的另一侧或位于调节垫片组30背离电池阵列40的一侧，以对电池阵列40和调节垫片组30进行挤压。
也就是说，在Y方向上，第一楔形件21的一侧与箱体10抵接，第一楔形件21的另一侧可以与调节垫片组30抵接，以对电池阵列40和调节垫片组30进行挤压。或者，第一楔形件21的一侧与箱体10抵接，第一楔形件21的另一侧与电池阵列40抵接，以对电池阵列40和调节垫片组30进行挤压。
其中，调节垫片31的数量配置为使得电池阵列40在安装空间11内受到的挤压力为预定预紧力。也就是说，电池包S通过调节垫片31的数量可以调节电池阵列40在安装空间11内受到的挤压力，进而可将该挤压力调节至预定预紧力。
根据电芯41的性能要求，可以事先通过试验确定出在电池阵列40处于挤压状态时，能够使得电芯41在生命周期内具有较佳循环次数和充放电性能的最佳挤压力，也即预定预紧力。因此，对于厚度不同的电池阵列40(每个电池阵列40均具有同等数量的电芯41)，通过控制调节垫片31的数量，可以使得施加在每个电池阵列40上的挤压力均为预定预紧力，从而可提高每个电池阵列40中的电芯41的循环次数和充放电性能，同时还可提升箱体10的模态以及提高箱体10的抗振动可靠性。
如图4所示，第一楔形件21的厚度在箱体10的顶部到箱体10的底部的方向逐渐减小。因为第一楔形件21的厚度尺寸在箱体10的顶部到箱体10的底部的方向上逐渐减小，当第一楔形件21与箱体10进行配合时，可以实现第一楔形件21给电池阵列40在Y方向上的力。通过调节第一楔形件21相对箱体10的位置以及调节垫片31的数量来控制电池阵列40 在安装空间11内受到的挤压力。
需要注意的是，第一楔形件21的厚度在箱体10的顶部到箱体10的底部的方向逐渐减小，从图4中可以看出，第一楔形件21在Y方向上，第一楔形件21上其中一端的厚度大于另一端的厚度，可以理解为，第一楔形件21在Y方向上，厚度较大的一端为箱体10的顶部，厚度较小的一端为箱体10的底部。
根据本公开的一个实施例，结合图2和图3所示，箱体10的内壁包括在预设方向上相对的第一斜面12和第一竖面13，第一楔形件21具有配合斜面211和配合竖面212，配合斜面211贴设于第一斜面12，调节垫片组30贴设于第一竖面13或配合竖面212。也就是说，调节垫片组30可以设置于第一楔形件21的配合竖面212和电池阵列40之间，也可以设置于电池阵列40和箱体10的第一竖面13之间。其中，箱体10的内壁为箱体10在Y方向上相对的两个内表面。并且，第一竖面13的法线方向与Y方向平行。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，电池包S还包括设于安装空间11内的第二楔形件(图未示出)，第二楔形件位于第一楔形件21和箱体10之间，第二楔形件具有第一斜面，箱体10的内壁包括在预设方向上与第一斜面相对的第一竖面13，并且第一竖面13位于电池阵列40背离第二楔形件的一侧，第一楔形件21具有配合斜面211和配合竖面212，配合斜面211贴设于第一斜面，调节垫片组30贴设于第一竖面13或配合竖面212。
由此，当第一楔形件21在箱体10内向下移动的过程中，可以给电池阵列40提供在Y方向的挤压力；通过第一楔形件21与调节垫片组30的配合，来控制电池阵列40在安装空间11内受到的挤压力。
在一实施例中，调节垫片31的数量配置为使得调节垫片组30和被挤压后的电池阵列40在Y方向上的尺寸总和为预定厚度，第一楔形件21配置为使得配合竖面212与第一竖面13之间的间距为预定厚度，进而使得电池阵列40在安装空间11内受到的挤压力为预定预紧力。
其中，在装配前，可先通过工装对一组标准的电池阵列40(也即，电池阵列40中的每个电芯41的厚度均标准值)进行挤压，当该标准的电池阵列40受到的挤压力为预定预紧力时，电池阵列40在Y方向上的尺寸为预定厚度，通过检测工装处的压力可以获知电池阵列40受到的挤压力；同样，在装配前对一组待安装的电池阵列40(该电池阵列40与上述标准的电池阵列40厚度不同，但具有相同数量的电芯41，其中厚度不同是由于每个电芯41在制造时的误差所导致)进行挤压，当该电池阵列40的挤压力为预定预紧力时测得其厚度，当测得的厚度小于预定厚度时，则根据预定厚度与测得厚度的差值可确定调节垫片31的数量(也即调节垫片组30)，以使得调节垫片组30和被挤压后的电池阵列40在Y方向上的尺寸总和为预定厚度。在装配时，可以先将上述待安装的电池阵列40和已确定好数量的 调节垫片31(也即调节垫片组30)装入安装空间11，再将第一楔形件21插入安装空间11，而由于第一楔形件21的配合竖面212与箱体10的第一竖面13在预设方向(也即Y方向)的间距为预设厚度，因此第一楔形件21插入安装空间11后可以挤压电池阵列40，并且可使得调节垫片组30和被挤压后的电池阵列40在Y方向上的尺寸总和为预定厚度，此时电池阵列40受到的挤压力即为预定预紧力。
在另一实施例中，在装配时可先向安装空间11内插入第一楔形件21，然后再插入调节垫片31并在插入调节垫片31时实时监测电池阵列40在安装空间11内受到的挤压力，当测得电池阵列40受到的挤压力达到预定预紧力时，此时调节垫片31的数量就可使得电池阵列40在安装空间11内受到的挤压力为预定预紧力。
根据本公开的一个实施例，电池阵列40在被挤压前的初始厚度为Tcells'，调节垫片31的数量为n，且n≥1，Tcells'与n满足以下关系式：
Figure PCTCN2021093195-appb-000002
其中：
T pack为第一斜面与第一竖面在预设方向的最小间距(mm)；
T wedge为第一楔形件21在预设方向的最小厚度(mm)；
T shim为调节垫片31的厚度(mm)；
K cell为电池阵列40等效劲度系数(其值＞0)；
K shim为调节垫片31的劲度系数(其值＞0)；
△T shims为调节垫片31的压缩量；
F为预紧力设计值(N)。
其中，第一楔形件21的楔角θ用来保证装配操作，不参与预紧力F大小的调节。
在一个实施例中，调节垫片组30的调节垫片31数量确定方法如下：在装配前，可先通过工装对一组标准的电池阵列40进行挤压，当该标准的电池阵列40受到的挤压力为预定预紧力时，电池阵列40的厚度为预定厚度，通过检测工装处的压力可以获知电池阵列40受到的挤压力；同样，在装配前对一组待安装的电池阵列40(该电池阵列40与上述标准的电池阵列40厚度不同，但具有相同数量的电芯41，其中厚度不同是由于每个电芯41在制造时的误差所导致)进行挤压，当该电池阵列40的挤压力为预定预紧力时测得其厚度，当测得的厚度小于预定厚度时，则根据预定厚度与测得厚度的差值可确定调节垫片31的数量(也即调节垫片组30)。需要说明的是，调节垫片31的形变量很小，因此△Tshims可忽略不计。调节垫片31可选自金属片，例如钢片。
如图4所示，电池包S还包括固定件22，固定件22与箱体10连接，以将第一楔形件 21固定于安装空间11内。通过固定件22可以将第一楔形件21固定于安装空间11内，从而可以保证第一楔形件21不会相对箱体10发生位置变换，如此可以使电池阵列40受到恒定的预紧力。
一个可选的实施例，固定件22为螺栓，箱体10上设置有螺孔，第一楔形件21设置有固定孔，螺栓穿过固定孔以与螺孔相配合，固定孔背离电池阵列40的一侧设有避让口213以避让螺栓。通过螺栓将箱体10与第一楔形件21连接起来，可以提升箱体10与第一楔形件21之间的连接强度，保证电池包S在使用时第一楔形件21不会脱离箱体10。并且，在拧紧螺栓的过程中，第一楔形件21相对于箱体10会朝箱体10的底部的方向移动，同时会朝靠近电池阵列40的方向移动。但是，在这一过程中，螺栓相对于箱体10只在靠近箱体10的底部方向移动，而不会在朝靠近电池阵列40的方向移动，这样使得在装配过程中第一楔形件21相对螺栓也在朝靠近电池阵列40的方向移动，因此在固定孔背离电池阵列40的一侧设有避让口213，可以避免第一楔形件21在朝靠近电池阵列40的方向移动的过程中会与螺栓发生干涉。当然，在其他实施例中，第一楔形件21上的固定孔也可设计成长条形的孔，这样通过控制该孔的长度设计可以实现避让螺栓，而不用再开设避让口213。
其中，箱体10包括底板16及围设于底板16周边的侧板15，底板16和侧板15共同限定出安装空间11，螺孔可以设置在底板16上，或者，箱体10的底板16上设有安装板或安装块，螺孔设置在安装板或安装块上。对此，本申请不作具体限定。
并且，如图4所示，电池包S包括多个固定件22，多个固定件22沿第一楔形件21的长度方向(即X方向)间隔分布，第一楔形件21的长度方向与电芯41的长度方向平行。通过设置多个固定件22可以提升第一楔形件21在与箱体之间的连接稳定性，避免第一楔形件21的一部分在Z方向上移动。另一个可选的实施例，固定件22为压板，压板与箱体10相连接且压设于第一楔形件21的顶部。如此设置，压板直接压设在第一楔形件21的顶部，不仅可以保证第一楔形件21与箱体10之间的连接强度，还可以方便第一楔形件21与箱体10之间的连接。
再一个可选的实施例，固定件22为卡扣，并且卡扣设置于第一楔形件21上，卡扣卡接于箱体10。通过在第一楔形件21上设置卡扣，并且通过卡接的方式将第一楔形件21固定在箱体10上，可以方便第一楔形件21与箱体10之间的拆卸与连接，从而可以进一步地方便电池包S的生产和维修。
如图4所示，第一楔形件21内分布有减重槽214或减重孔。通过在第一楔形件21上分布设置减重槽214或减重孔，可以减小第一楔形件21的重量，从而可以实现电池包S的轻量化设计。
根据本公开的一个实施例，第一楔形件21的高度(即第一楔形件21在Z方向上的尺 寸)小于或等于电池阵列40的高度(即电池阵列40在Z方向上的尺寸)。当第一楔形件21的底部与箱体10的底部接触时，此时第一楔形件21在Z方向上的尺寸可以等于电池阵列40在Z方向上的尺寸，此时可以保证电池阵列40在Z方向上可以受到均匀的预紧力。当第一楔形件21未与箱体10底部接触时，此时需要保证第一楔形件21不会在Z方向上超出电池阵列40，所以第一楔形件21的在Z方向上的尺寸小于电池阵列40的在Z方向上的尺寸。
如图1和图2所示，电池包S还包括拉紧件50，箱体10包括：底板16及围设于底板16周边的侧板15，底板16和侧板15共同限定出安装空间11。侧板15包括在预设方向相对设置的第一侧板151和第二侧板152，拉紧件50位于箱体10的顶部且连接第一侧板151和第二侧板152。在第一楔形件21和调节垫片组30配合对电池阵列40进行预紧时，第一楔形件21会给第一侧板151和第二侧板152压力，通过拉紧件50可以将第一侧板151和第二侧板152固定连接在一起，这样可以提升箱体10的承受能力，避免箱体10受力受损。
如图1和图2所示，箱体10外侧设置有多个筋条14。通过在箱体10的外侧设置多个筋条14，可以提升箱体10的结构强度。
并且，根据本公开第二方面实施例的车辆Q，车辆Q包括上述电池包S，电池包S在车辆Q上用作动力电池。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”、“顺时针”、“逆时针”、“轴向”、“径向”、“周向”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示意性实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本公开的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开的实施例，本领域的普通技术人员可以理解：在不脱离本公开的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本公开的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括：
    箱体，所述箱体形成有安装空间；
    电池阵列，所述电池阵列设置于所述安装空间内，所述电池阵列包括多个沿预设方向排布的电芯，所述预设方向与所述电芯的厚度方向平行；
    调节垫片组，所述调节垫片组含有至少一个调节垫片，所述调节垫片组设于所述安装空间内，且位于所述电池阵列在所述预设方向的一侧；
    第一楔形件，所述第一楔形件设于所述安装空间内，且所述第一楔形件位于所述电池阵列在所述预设方向的另一侧或位于所述调节垫片背离所述电池阵列的一侧，以对所述电池阵列和调节垫片组进行挤压；
    其中，所述调节垫片的数量配置为使得所述电池阵列在所述安装空间内受到的挤压力为预定预紧力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述第一楔形件的厚度在所述箱体的顶部到所述箱体的底部的方向逐渐减小。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述箱体的内壁包括在所述预设方向上相对的第一斜面和第一竖面，所述第一楔形件具有配合斜面和配合竖面，所述配合斜面贴设于所述第一斜面，所述调节垫片组贴设于所述第一竖面或所述配合竖面。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池包还包括设于所述安装空间内的第二楔形件，所述第二楔形件位于所述第一楔形件和所述箱体之间，所述第二楔形件具有第一斜面，所述箱体的内壁包括在所述预设方向上与所述第一斜面相对的第一竖面，且所述第一竖面位于所述电池阵列背离所述第二楔形件的一侧，所述第一楔形件具有配合斜面和配合竖面，所述配合斜面贴设于所述第一斜面，所述调节垫片组贴设于所述第一竖面或所述配合竖面。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述调节垫片的数量配置为使得所述调节垫片组的厚度和被挤压后的电池阵列的厚度的总和为预定厚度，所述第一楔形件配置为使得所述配合竖面与第一竖面之间的间距为所述预定厚度，进而使得所述电池阵列在所述安装空间内受到的挤压力为所述预定预紧力。
  6. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池阵列在被挤压前的初始厚度为Tcells'，所述调节垫片的数量为n，且n≥1，Tcells'与n满足以下关系式：
    Figure PCTCN2021093195-appb-100001
    其中，
    T pack为所述第一斜面与所述第一竖面在所述预设方向的最小间距；
    T wedge为所述第一楔形件在所述预设方向的最小厚度；
    T shim为所述调节垫片的厚度；
    K cell为所述电池阵列的等效劲度系数；
    K shim为所述调节垫片的劲度系数；
    △T shims为所述调节垫片的压缩量；
    F为预定预紧力。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池包还包括固定件，所述固定件与所述箱体连接，以将所述第一楔形件固定于所述安装空间内。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述固定件为螺栓，所述箱体上设有螺孔，所述第一楔形件上设有固定孔，所述螺栓穿过所述固定孔以与所述螺孔相配合，所述固定孔背离所述电池阵列的一侧设有避让口以避让所述螺栓。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池包包括多个所述固定件，多个所述固定件沿所述第一楔形件的长度方向间隔分布，所述第一楔形件的长度方向与所述电芯的长度方向平行。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9中任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述第一楔形件上设有减重槽或减重孔。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述第一楔形件的高度小于或等于所述电池阵列的高度。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11中任一项所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池包还包括拉紧件，所述箱体包括底板及围设于所述底板周边的侧板，所述底板和所述侧板共同限定出所述安装空间；所述侧板包括在所述预设方向相对设置的第一侧板和第二侧板，所述拉紧件位于所述箱体的顶部，且连接所述第一侧板和第二侧板。
  13. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-12任一项所述的电池包。
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