WO2021254191A1 - 爆炸物销毁防护装备、系统及方法 - Google Patents

爆炸物销毁防护装备、系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021254191A1
WO2021254191A1 PCT/CN2021/098577 CN2021098577W WO2021254191A1 WO 2021254191 A1 WO2021254191 A1 WO 2021254191A1 CN 2021098577 W CN2021098577 W CN 2021098577W WO 2021254191 A1 WO2021254191 A1 WO 2021254191A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fence
layer
explosives
destruction
protective equipment
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PCT/CN2021/098577
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄广炎
卞晓兵
刘利
黄风雷
郭庆波
李纬
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Priority to EP21826606.2A priority Critical patent/EP4166898B1/en
Publication of WO2021254191A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021254191A1/zh
Priority to US18/081,657 priority patent/US11852451B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B33/00—Manufacture of ammunition; Dismantling of ammunition; Apparatus therefor
    • F42B33/06—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs
    • F42B33/062—Dismantling fuzes, cartridges, projectiles, missiles, rockets or bombs by high-pressure water jet means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless
    • F42D5/045—Detonation-wave absorbing or damping means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protective equipment, in particular to a protective equipment for destroying explosives.
  • water cannons When destroying unexploded ordnance/explosives, water cannons are generally used to penetrate the shell of the ammunition and destroy the internal fuze structure, which may cause explosive fragments of the ammunition to fly, causing personnel to be killed. At the same time, the unexploded ordnance/explosive may have poisonous gas and other harmful effects. factor.
  • an explosive destruction protective equipment which can quickly dispose of explosives and military unexploded ordnance.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention is: explosive destruction protective equipment, including: four modules, namely: inner fence, outer fence, leak-proof fence and top cover; the explosives are military waste unexploded ordnance or civilian explosives;
  • the inner fence and the outer fence are both cylindrical structures with open ends, wherein the inner fence is a straight cylinder, and the outer fence includes a tapered section and a straight section connected to the small end of the tapered section, and the tapered section Located below the straight section; the inner fence is coaxially sleeved inside the outer fence with a gap between the two; the top cover is installed at the top openings of the inner fence and the outer fence to close the inner fence and the outer fence The top opening; the top cover is provided with a through hole that penetrates the space enclosed by the inner fence; an anti-leakage fence is set on the periphery of the peripheral fence.
  • the height of the leakage prevention fence is 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the peripheral fence.
  • the inner fence includes: a bottom support plate of the inner fence, an outer support layer of the inner fence, an explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer, an inner support layer of the inner fence, and a top support plate of the inner fence;
  • the inner fence has a three-layer structure, from the outside to the inside, there are the outer support layer of the inner fence, the explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer, and the inner support layer of the inner fence;
  • the end surface is provided with a ring-shaped inner fence bottom support plate;
  • More than two openings are uniformly distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the inner support layer of the inner fence, and the opening area is 30% to 70% of the total area of the inner circumferential surface.
  • the peripheral fence includes: a peripheral fence bottom support plate, a peripheral fence kinetic energy absorption layer, a peripheral fence bulletproof layer, a peripheral fence outer support layer, a peripheral fence top support plate, a peripheral fence bottom reinforcement layer and Enhanced absorption layer at the bottom of shock wave;
  • the perimeter fence has a three-layer structure, from the inside to the outside: the kinetic energy absorbing layer of the perimeter fence, the bulletproof layer of the perimeter fence, and the outer support layer of the perimeter fence; the top axial end surface of the perimeter fence 1.2 is provided with a ring-shaped outer fence top support plate , The bottom axial end surface is provided with a ring-shaped peripheral fence bottom support plate;
  • a peripheral fence bottom reinforcement layer and a shock wave bottom reinforced absorption layer are provided on the periphery of the bottom of the peripheral fence; wherein the inner surface of the shock wave bottom reinforced absorption layer is a circumferential surface, and the outer surface is a tapered surface; the bottom reinforcement layer of the peripheral fence is located at Between the enhanced absorption layer at the bottom of the shock wave and the support layer outside the outer fence;
  • the reinforcement layer at the bottom of the peripheral fence adopts bulletproof fiber; the reinforcement absorption layer at the bottom of the shock wave is a packaging bag filled with an explosion-proof decontamination liquid.
  • the height of the bottom reinforcement layer and the shock wave bottom reinforcement absorption layer of the peripheral fence is 1/4 to 1/2 of the height of the peripheral fence.
  • the top cover includes: a top cover support layer, a top cover explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer, and a top bulletproof layer;
  • top cover support layer There is a cavity inside the top cover support layer, from top to bottom in the cavity are the top bulletproof layer and the top cover explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer; wherein the top cover explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer is filled with an explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer Liquid packaging bags;
  • a through hole is left on the top cover, and the through hole penetrates the space enclosed by the inner fence.
  • the anti-leakage fence has a double-layer structure, including an inner shock wave absorbing layer and an outer ballistic board.
  • the height of the anti-leak fence is 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the outer fence.
  • the present invention provides an explosive destruction system, including: protective equipment, a support frame and a water cannon; the protective equipment is the aforementioned explosive destruction protective equipment;
  • the support frame is used for supporting and positioning the water monitor
  • the water cannon is supported and positioned above the protective equipment by the support frame, so that the launch port of the water cannon extends from the through hole on the top into the inner fence of the protective equipment, and the destruction is located in the protective equipment. Explosives in equipment.
  • the present invention provides an explosive destruction method, which adopts the above explosive destruction system
  • Protection stage first cover the explosives by the inner fence; then cover the outer fence outside the inner fence; cover the top cover; place the leak-proof fence;
  • Destruction treatment The water cannon is remotely controlled to launch high-speed water flow to destroy the fuze of the explosive; if the explosive explodes at this time, the protective equipment can prevent the fragments from flying out; if the fuze of the explosive is destroyed at this time, it will not happen
  • the inside of the protective equipment is seen through an X-ray machine to check the damage of the explosives, and after the safety is determined, the protective equipment, the support frame and the water cannon are stored.
  • the explosive destruction protection equipment is separated (that is, assembled, each module can be assembled on-site when in use) structural plan.
  • the whole adopts a non-metal flexible composite structure.
  • the weight of a single module is light and it is convenient to operate. , Double or single person can complete the operation.
  • the protective equipment When destroying explosives, the protective equipment is arranged so that they can play a protective role during the destruction. Even if the explosion of the ammunition/explosive is triggered during the destruction, it will not cause harm to the surrounding personnel.
  • the explosive destruction system based on the explosive destruction protective equipment can destroy explosives under protective conditions, and realize rapid emergency treatment without contact with explosives.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the protective equipment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner fence of the protective equipment
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the outer fence of the protective equipment
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the top cover structure of the protective equipment
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the leak-proof fence structure of the protective equipment
  • Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a protective system adopting the protective equipment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the support frame structure of the protection system
  • Figure 8 is an enlarged schematic view of the top of the support frame.
  • This embodiment provides an unexploded ordnance/explosive destruction protection equipment, which adopts a modular assembly structure, which can quickly dispose of explosives and military unexploded ordnance without causing secondary damage.
  • the unexploded ordnance/explosives destruction equipment includes four modules, namely: inner fence 1.1, outer fence 1.2, leak-proof fence 1.3 and top cover 1.4.
  • the inner fence 1.1 and the outer fence 1.2 are both cylindrical structures with open ends.
  • the inner fence 1.1 is a straight cylinder (equal diameter)
  • the outer fence 1.2 includes a tapered section and a straight section connected to the small end of the tapered section.
  • the section is located below the straight section; the inner fence 1.1 is coaxially fitted inside the outer fence 1.2, and there is a gap between the two; the top cover 1.4 is installed at the top opening of the inner fence 1.1 and the outer fence 1.2 to close the inner fence 1.1 and the outer fence
  • the top opening of 1.2 is provided with a through hole that penetrates the space enclosed by the inner fence 1.1 on the top cover 1.4. Set up a circle of anti-leak fence 1.3 around the outer fence 1.2.
  • the inner fence 1.1 includes: inner fence bottom support plate 1.1.1, inner fence outer support layer 1.1.2, explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.1.3, inner fence inner support layer 1.1.4, and inner fence top Support plate 1.1.5;
  • the inner fence 1.1 is a three-layer structure, from the outside to the inside are the inner fence outer support layer 1.1.2, the explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.1.3, and the inner fence inner support layer 1.1.4;
  • the top axial end surface A ring-shaped inner fence top support plate 1.1.5 is provided, and the bottom axial end surface is provided with a ring-shaped inner fence bottom support plate 1.1.1.
  • the inner fence outer support layer 1.1.2, the inner fence inner support layer 1.1.4, the inner fence bottom support plate 1.1.1, and the inner fence top support plate 1.1.5 are enclosed to have an inner annular cavity (inner fence outer support layer 1.1 .2 and the cylindrical structure of the annular cavity between the support layer 1.1.4 in the inner fence), the annular cavity is equipped with a packaging bag filled with explosion-proof decontamination liquid to form an explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.1.3;
  • the axial ends of the inner fence outer support layer 1.1.2 and the inner fence inner support layer 1.1.4 are respectively bonded to the inner fence top support plate 1.1.5 and the inner fence bottom support plate 1.1.1 through epoxy resin glue.
  • Inner fence bottom support plate 1.1.1, inner fence outer support layer 1.1.2, inner fence inner support layer 1.1.4, and inner fence top support plate 1.1.5 are made of foam sprayed polyurea or other viscoelastic materials; inner fence inner support
  • the inner circumferential surface of layer 1.1.4 is evenly distributed with multiple openings, and the opening area is between 30% and 70% of the total area of the inner circumferential surface, which is used to make the shock wave and explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.1.3
  • the liquid is fully mixed, which is more conducive to reducing shock waves.
  • the inner fence 1.1 is mainly structurally supported by the inner fence bottom support plate 1.1.1, the inner fence outer support layer 1.1.2 and the inner fence inner support plate 1.1.5.
  • the components of the explosion-proof decontamination liquid include liquid decontamination agent and water-absorbent resin; the type of liquid decontamination agent can be added according to the possible toxins of unexploded bombs, such as adding hypochlorite 2%, peracetic acid, and sodium carbonate + Water (mass fraction 1:12.5), the packaging bag containing the explosion-proof decontamination liquid is made of materials that do not react with the explosion-proof decontamination liquid, such as polytetrafluoroethylene packaging tape and other materials.
  • the perimeter fence 1.2 includes: the bottom support plate of the perimeter fence 1.2.1, the kinetic energy absorption layer of the perimeter fence 1.2.2, the bulletproof layer of the perimeter fence 1.2.3, the outer support layer of the perimeter fence 1.2.4, and the top support of the perimeter fence Board 1.2.5, reinforcement layer 1.2.6 at the bottom of the perimeter fence, and reinforcement absorption layer 1.2.7 at the bottom of the shock wave.
  • the perimeter fence 1.2 is a three-layer structure, from the inside to the outside: the perimeter fence kinetic energy absorption layer 1.2.2, the perimeter fence bulletproof layer 1.2.3, the outer fence support layer 1.2.4; the top axial end surface is provided with a ring-shaped perimeter fence The top support plate 1.2.5, and the bottom axial end surface is provided with a ring-shaped peripheral fence bottom support plate 1.2.1.
  • the bottom support plate 1.2.1 of the perimeter fence, the outer support layer 1.2.4 of the perimeter fence and the top support plate 1.2.5 of the perimeter fence are all supported by foam, and then the surface is sprayed with polyurea or other viscoelastic materials to complete the supporting function;
  • the kinetic energy absorbing layer 1.2.2, the bulletproof layer of the outer fence 1.2.3 and the outer support layer of the outer fence 1.2.4 are bonded by epoxy resin glue;
  • the axial ends of the bulletproof layer 1.2.3 and the outer support layer 1.2.4 of the outer fence are respectively bonded to the top support plate 1.2.5 of the outer fence and the bottom support plate 1.2.1 of the outer fence through epoxy glue.
  • the outer fence kinetic energy absorption layer 1.2.2 mainly uses polyurea sprayed PC board for kinetic energy absorption and support.
  • the outer fence bulletproof layer 1.2.3 is mainly bulletproof, and its materials are PE, aramid, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and PBO fiber. One or two or more mixed bulletproof fibers.
  • perimeter fence bottom reinforcement layer 1.2.6 On the periphery of the bottom of the perimeter fence 1.2, there are a perimeter fence bottom reinforcement layer 1.2.6 and a shock wave bottom enhanced absorption layer 1.2.7.
  • the height of the perimeter fence bottom reinforcement layer 1.2.6 and shock wave bottom enhanced absorption layer 1.2.7 is the overall height of the perimeter fence 1.2.
  • the height is about 1/4-1/2; the inner surface of the shock wave bottom reinforcement absorption layer 1.2.7 is a circumferential surface, and the outer surface is a tapered surface; the bottom reinforcement layer 1.2.6 of the outer fence is located at the shock wave bottom reinforcement absorption layer 1.2.7 Between the outer support layer 1.2.4 and the outer fence of the outer fence; the reinforcement layer 1.2.6 at the bottom of the outer fence adopts bulletproof fiber with a thickness of 10mm-20mm, which can effectively prevent the after-effect products of the explosion from loading the fragments; the bottom of the shock wave strengthens the absorption layer 1.2 .7 is a packaging bag filled with an explosion-proof decontamination liquid, and its composition is the same as that of the explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.1.3 in the inner fence 1.1.
  • the shock wave enhancement absorption layer 1.2.7 at the bottom can effectively reduce the bottom shock wave pressure Peak.
  • the top cover 1.4 includes: a top cover support layer 1.4.1, a top cover explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.4.2, and a top bulletproof layer 1.4.3; there is a cavity inside the top cover support layer 1.4.1, In the cavity from top to bottom are the top bulletproof layer 1.4.3 and the top cover explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.4.2.
  • the top cover explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.4.2 is a packaging bag filled with explosion-proof decontamination liquid.
  • the composition of the explosion-proof decontamination liquid is the same as the composition of the explosion-proof decontamination liquid layer 1.1.3 in the inner fence 1.1; the top bulletproof layer 1.4.3 adopts one or more of PE, aramid, glass fiber, carbon fiber, and PBO fiber.
  • the top cover support layer 1.4.1 is made of polyurethane foam sprayed polyurea molding, and the outside of the top cover support layer 1.4.1 is encapsulated with Oxford cloth.
  • the anti-leak fence 1.3 mainly prevents the leakage of fragments and plays a role in enhancing protection.
  • the anti-leakage fence 1.3 is a double-layer structure, including the inner shock wave absorption layer 1.3.1 and the outer bulletproof board 1.3.2; the shock wave absorption layer 1.3.1 is used for shock wave absorption, and the shock wave absorption layer 1.3.1 is made of polyurethane Foam, the preferred density of polyurethane foam is 50kg/m 3 -200kg/m 3 ; the bulletproof board 1.3.2 adopts hard PE board or aramid board; the height of the anti-leak fence 1.3 is 1/3 of the height of the outer fence 1.2 1/2, foldable. When the PE board or the aramid board is pressed, the bending is not performed, so that the flexibility of the structure can be retained and the folding is convenient.
  • the unexploded ordnance/explosive destruction system includes the protective equipment 1, the support frame 2, and the water cannon 3 in the above-mentioned embodiment 1; water Cannon 3 can be a common model on the market.
  • the support frame 2 uses hollow steel pipes to support and position the water monitor 3; the water monitor 3 is supported and positioned above the protective equipment 1 by the support frame 2, so that the launch port of the water monitor 3 can be communicated from the top cover 1.4
  • the hole extends into the inner fence 1.1 of the protective equipment 1, so that the unexploded ordnance/explosives placed on the protective equipment 1 can be destroyed by the water cannon.
  • the protective equipment 1 is a separate type, that is, a modular assembly structure, when destroying unexploded ordnance/explosives, you can directly assemble protective equipment 1 on site without moving the unexploded ordnance/explosives.
  • the cover is installed inside the inner fence 1.1 of the protective equipment 1; then the water monitor 3 is supported and positioned by the support frame 2, so that the launch port of the water monitor 3 can extend into the inner fence 1.1 of the protective equipment 1 from the through hole on the top cover 1.4, Start the water cannon 3 and destroy the unexploded ordnance/explosives inside the protective equipment 1.
  • the support frame 2 has an inverted U-shaped structure, including: a fixed base 2.1, a vertical rod 2.2, a support rod 2.3, and a top sliding rod group 2.5; two fixed bases 2.1 are respectively set at the two open ends of the inverted U-shaped structure On the side, the support frame 2 is fixed on the ground through a fixed base 2.1; the left and right ends of the top sliding rod group 2.5 are each supported on the fixed base 2.1 on the corresponding side through two sets of parallel arc rods and two sets of parallel vertical rods 2.2.
  • Two support rods 2.3 are arranged between two parallel vertical rods 2.2 on the same side.
  • the top sliding rod group 2.5 is a rectangular structure, including two parallel cross rods 2.5.2 and two parallel lateral sliding groove rods 2.5.4; two cross rods 2.5.2 and two side
  • the sliding groove rod 2.5.4 is connected into a rectangular structure; the lateral sliding groove rod 2.5.4 is provided with a sliding groove along its length, and two parallel top rods are installed between the two lateral sliding groove rods 2.5.4 2.5.3, the two top rods 2.5.3 slide in the chute of the lateral sliding groove rod 2.5.4 to adjust the distance between the two top rods 2.5.3 (to adapt to different types of water monitors 3, convenient Installation of water monitor 3), after adjusting to the required spacing, fasten the top rod 2.5.3 on the lateral sliding groove rod 2.5.4 with the lateral sliding groove rod fixing screw 2.5.5.
  • Support frame 2 assembly
  • the protective equipment 1 can prevent the fragments from flying out, prevent the shock wave from causing damage to the surroundings, and avoid the damage of personnel and property.

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Abstract

一种爆炸物销毁防护装备、系统及方法，其中爆炸物销毁防护装备，包括：四个模块，分别为：内围栏（1.1）、外围栏（1.2）、防泄漏围栏（1.3）和顶盖（1.4）。该爆炸物销毁防护装备分离式的结构方案，整体采用非金属的柔性复合结构，单个模块质量轻，方便操作，使用的时候，双人或者单人即可完成操作。在销毁爆炸物时，通过布置防护装备，使得在销毁时，能够起到防护作用，即使销毁时引发了爆炸物的爆炸，也不会造成周围人员的伤害。基于该爆炸物销毁防护装备的爆炸物销毁系统，能够在有防护条件下将未爆弹或爆炸物销毁，实现在不接触爆炸物的条件下进行快速的应急处理。

Description

爆炸物销毁防护装备、系统及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种防护装备，尤其涉及一种爆炸物销毁防护装备。
背景技术
军用废旧未爆弹药和民用爆炸物在处置的时候缺乏有效的防护装备，传统的防爆装备基于采用强度较高的金属结构进行防护，由于金属结构密度大，结构整体质量大，非常不便抬动。且由于废旧弹药一般处于沙地等松软土地，一般防爆车不容易开到相应的位置进行处理。在处理废旧未爆弹药的时候，需要将弹药用相应的抓取工具抓取后放置于防爆罐或防爆车中，但是由于弹药的种类不明确，这种抓取式的方法有很大风险触发引信。同时由于弹药/爆炸物的当量不明确，当弹药/爆炸物的当量超过钢制防爆容器的防爆标准时，容易产生二次伤害。
在销毁未爆弹/爆炸物时一般是采用水炮击穿弹药的壳体，破坏内部的引信结构，可能引起弹药爆炸破片飞散，造成人员杀伤，同时未爆弹药/爆炸物可能还有毒气等有害因素。
发明内容
有鉴于此，为克服现有的钢性防爆装备质量大，易有二次伤害的缺点，提供一种爆炸物销毁防护装备，可快速处置爆炸物以及军用未爆弹药。
本发明的技术方案是：爆炸物销毁防护装备，包括：四个模块，分别为：内围栏、外围栏、防泄漏围栏和顶盖；所述爆炸物为军用废旧未爆弹药或民用爆炸物；
所述内围栏和所述外围栏均为两端开口的筒形结构，其中所述内围栏为直筒形，所述外围栏包括锥形段和与锥形段小端相连的直筒段，且锥形段位于直筒段下方；所述内围栏同轴套装在所述外围栏内部，且两者之间有间隙；所述顶盖盖装在内围栏和外围栏的顶部开口处，封闭内围栏和外围栏的顶部开口；所述顶盖上设置有与内围栏所包围的空间贯通的通孔；在所述外围栏的外围设置防泄漏围栏。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述防泄漏围栏的高度为所述外围栏高度的1/3～1/2。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述内围栏包括：内围栏底部支撑板、内围栏外支撑层、防爆洗消液体层、内围栏内支撑层以及内围栏顶部支撑板；
所述内围栏为三层结构，从外向内依次为内围栏外支撑层、防爆洗消液体层、内围栏内 支撑层；其顶部轴向端面设置有环形的内围栏顶部支撑板，底部轴向端面设置有环形的内围栏底部支撑板；
所述内围栏内支撑层的内圆周面上均匀分布有两个以上开孔，开孔面积为其内圆周面总面积的30％～70％。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述外围栏包括：外围栏底部支撑板、外围栏动能吸收层、外围栏防弹层、外围栏外支撑层、外围栏顶部支撑板、外围栏底部加强层和冲击波底部增强吸收层；
所述外围栏为三层结构，从内向外依次为：外围栏动能吸收层、外围栏防弹层、外围栏外支撑层；所述外围栏1.2顶部轴向端面设置有环形的外围栏顶部支撑板，底部轴向端面设置有环形的外围栏底部支撑板；
在所述外围栏底部的外围设置有外围栏底部加强层和冲击波底部增强吸收层；其中所述冲击波底部增强吸收层的内表面为圆周面，外表面为锥形面；外围栏底部加强层位于冲击波底部增强吸收层与外围栏外支撑层之间；
所述外围栏底部加强层采用防弹纤维；所述冲击波底部增强吸收层为充装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述外围栏底部加强层和冲击波底部增强吸收层的高度为外围栏高度的1/4～1/2。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述顶盖包括：顶盖支撑层、顶盖防爆洗消液体层和顶部防弹层；
在所述顶盖支撑层内部具有空腔，空腔内从上往下依次为顶部防弹层和顶盖防爆洗消液体层；其中所述顶盖防爆洗消液体层为充装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋；
所述顶盖上留有通孔，该通孔与所述内围栏所包围的空间贯通。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述防泄漏围栏为双层结构，包括内层的冲击波吸收层和外层的防弹板。
作为本发明的一种优选方式，所述防泄漏围栏的高度为外围栏高度的1/3～1/2。
此外，本发明提供一种爆炸物销毁系统，包括：包括：防护装备、支撑架和水炮；所述防护装备为上述爆炸物销毁防护装备；
所述支撑架用于支撑定位所述水炮；
所述水炮通过所述支撑架支撑定位在所述防护装备上方，使所述水炮的发射口从所述顶上的通孔伸入所述防护装备的内围栏内部，销毁位于所述防护装备内的爆炸物。
此外，本发明提供一种爆炸物销毁方法，采用上述爆炸物销毁系统；
发现爆炸物后，按照以下方式进行处理：
防护阶段：首先通过所述内围栏罩住爆炸物；然后将所述外围栏套在所述内围栏外部；盖上所述顶盖；放置所述防泄漏围栏；
组装所述支撑架；
然后将所述水炮固定在所述支撑架上，将所述水炮发射口伸入所述防护装备对准爆炸物的引信处；
销毁处理：远程遥控所述水炮发射高速水流对爆炸物的引信进行破坏；若此时爆炸物发生爆炸，所述防护装备能够防止破片飞出；若此时爆炸物的引信被破坏，不发生爆炸，则通过X光机对所述防护装备内部进行透视，查看爆炸物的破坏情况，确定安全后，收纳所述防护装备、支撑架和水炮。
有益效果：
(1)该爆炸物销毁防护装备分离式(即组装式，可在使用时将各模块现场组装)的结构方案，整体采用非金属的柔性复合结构，单个模块质量轻，方便操作，使用的时候，双人或者单人即可完成操作。
在销毁爆炸物时，通过布置防护装备，使得在销毁时，能够起到防护作用，即使销毁时引发了弹药/爆炸物的爆炸，也不会造成周围人员的伤害。
(2)基于该爆炸物销毁防护装备的爆炸物销毁系统，能够在有防护条件下将爆炸物销毁，实现在不接触爆炸物的条件下进行快速的应急处理。
附图说明
图1为本发明的防护装备的结构示意图；
图2为防护装备的内围栏的结构示意图；
图3为防护装备的外围栏的结构示意图；
图4为防护装备的顶盖结构示意图；
图5为防护装备的防泄漏围栏结构示意图；
图6为采用了本发明的防护装备的防护系统示意图；
图7为防护系统的支撑架结构示意图；
图8为支撑架顶部放大示意图。
其中：1-防护装备，2-支撑架，3-水炮；1.1-内围栏，1.2-外围栏，1.3-防泄漏围栏，1.4-顶盖；1.1.1-内围栏底部支撑板，1.1.2-内围栏外支撑层，1.1.3-防爆洗消液体层，1.1.4-内围栏内支撑层，1.1.5-内围栏顶部支撑板；1.2.1-外围栏底部支撑板，1.2.2-外围栏动能吸收层， 1.2.3-外围栏防弹层，1.2.4-外围栏外支撑层，1.2.5-外围栏顶部支撑板，1.2.6-外围栏底部加强层，1.2.7-冲击波底部增强吸收层；1.3.1-冲击波吸收层，1.3.2-防弹板；1.4.1-顶盖支撑层，1.4.2-顶盖防爆洗消液体层，1.4.3-顶部防弹层，1.4.4-顶部蒙皮；2.1-固定底座，2.2-竖杆，2.3-支撑杆，2.5-顶部滑动杆组；2.5.1-横杆安装螺钉，2.5.2-横杆，2.5.3-顶部杆，2.5.4-侧向滑动槽杆，2.5.5-侧向滑动槽杆固定螺钉
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细描述。
实施例1：
本实施例提供一种未爆弹/爆炸物销毁防护装备，采用模块化组装式结构，可快速处置爆炸物以及军用未爆弹药，且不会造成二次伤害。
如图1所示，该未爆弹/爆炸物销毁装备包括四个模块，分别为：内围栏1.1、外围栏1.2、防泄漏围栏1.3和顶盖1.4。其中内围栏1.1和外围栏1.2均为两端开口的筒形结构，其中内围栏1.1为直筒形(等直径)，外围栏1.2包括锥形段和与锥形段小端相连的直筒段，且锥形段位于直筒段下方；内围栏1.1同轴套装在外围栏1.2内部，且两者之间有间隙；顶盖1.4盖装在内围栏1.1和外围栏1.2的顶部开口处，封闭内围栏1.1和外围栏1.2的顶部开口，顶盖1.4上设置有与内围栏1.1所包围的空间贯通的通孔。在外围栏1.2的外围设置一圈防泄漏围栏1.3。
如图2所示，内围栏1.1包括：内围栏底部支撑板1.1.1、内围栏外支撑层1.1.2、防爆洗消液体层1.1.3、内围栏内支撑层1.1.4以及内围栏顶部支撑板1.1.5；内围栏1.1为三层结构，从外向内依次为内围栏外支撑层1.1.2、防爆洗消液体层1.1.3、内围栏内支撑层1.1.4；顶部轴向端面设置有环形的内围栏顶部支撑板1.1.5，底部轴向端面设置有环形的内围栏底部支撑板1.1.1。即内围栏外支撑层1.1.2、内围栏内支撑层1.1.4、内围栏底部支撑板1.1.1和内围栏顶部支撑板1.1.5包围成具有内部环形空腔(内围栏外支撑层1.1.2和内围栏内支撑层1.1.4之间的环形空腔)的筒形结构，该环形空腔内安装充装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋，形成防爆洗消液体层1.1.3；内围栏外支撑层1.1.2和内围栏内支撑层1.1.4的轴向两端分别与内围栏顶部支撑板1.1.5和内围栏底部支撑板1.1.1通过环氧树脂胶进行粘接。
内围栏底部支撑板1.1.1、内围栏外支撑层1.1.2、内围栏内支撑层1.1.4以及内围栏顶部支撑板1.1.5采用泡沫喷涂聚脲或其他粘弹性材料；内围栏内支撑层1.1.4的内圆周面上均匀分布有多个开孔，开孔面积为其内圆周面总面积的30％-70％之间，用于使冲击波与防爆洗消液体层1.1.3内的液体充分混合，更加有利于降低冲击波。内围栏1.1主要通过内围 栏底部支撑板1.1.1、内围栏外支撑层1.1.2以及内围栏内撑板1.1.5进行结构支撑。防爆洗消液体的成分包括液体洗消剂和吸水性树脂；液体洗消剂的类型可根据未爆弹的可能存在的毒素进行添加，如添加次氯酸盐2％、过氧乙酸、碳酸钠+水(质量分数1:12.5)，装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋由与防爆洗消液体不发生反应的材料制成，如聚四氟乙烯封装带等材料。
如图3所示，外围栏1.2包括：外围栏底部支撑板1.2.1、外围栏动能吸收层1.2.2、外围栏防弹层1.2.3、外围栏外支撑层1.2.4、外围栏顶部支撑板1.2.5、外围栏底部加强层1.2.6和冲击波底部增强吸收层1.2.7。外围栏1.2为三层结构，从内向外依次为：外围栏动能吸收层1.2.2、外围栏防弹层1.2.3、外围栏外支撑层1.2.4；顶部轴向端面设置有环形的外围栏顶部支撑板1.2.5，底部轴向端面设置有环形的外围栏底部支撑板1.2.1。其中外围栏底部支撑板1.2.1、外围栏外支撑层1.2.4以及外围栏顶部支撑板1.2.5均采用泡沫支撑，然后外表喷涂聚脲或其他粘弹性材料使之完成支撑作用；外围栏动能吸收层1.2.2、外围栏防弹层1.2.3和外围栏外支撑层1.2.4中各相邻层之间通过环氧树脂胶进行粘接；外围栏动能吸收层1.2.2、外围栏防弹层1.2.3和外围栏外支撑层1.2.4的轴向两端分别通过环氧树脂胶与外围栏顶部支撑板1.2.5和外围栏底部支撑板1.2.1粘接。
外围栏动能吸收层1.2.2主要采用聚脲喷涂PC板进行动能吸收及支撑作用，外围栏防弹层1.2.3主要是防弹作用，其材料为PE、芳纶、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、PBO纤维的一种或两种以上混合防弹纤维。
在外围栏1.2底部的外围设置有外围栏底部加强层1.2.6和冲击波底部增强吸收层1.2.7，外围栏底部加强层1.2.6和冲击波底部增强吸收层1.2.7的高度为外围栏1.2整体高度1/4-1/2左右；其中冲击波底部增强吸收层1.2.7的内表面为圆周面，外表面为锥形面；外围栏底部加强层1.2.6位于冲击波底部增强吸收层1.2.7与外围栏外支撑层1.2.4之间；外围栏底部加强层1.2.6采用防弹纤维，其厚度为10mm-20mm，能够有效的防止爆炸后效产物对破片的加载；冲击波底部增强吸收层1.2.7为充装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋，其成分与内围栏1.1中防爆洗消液体层1.1.3的成分相同，通过底部的冲击波增强吸收层1.2.7能够有效的降低底部冲击波压力峰值。
如图4所示，顶盖1.4包括：顶盖支撑层1.4.1、顶盖防爆洗消液体层1.4.2和顶部防弹层1.4.3；在顶盖支撑层1.4.1内部具有空腔，空腔内从上往下依次为顶部防弹层1.4.3和顶盖防爆洗消液体层1.4.2，其中顶盖防爆洗消液体层1.4.2为充装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋，该防爆洗消液体成分与内围栏1.1中防爆洗消液体层1.1.3的成分相同；顶部防弹层1.4.3采用PE、芳纶、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、PBO纤维的一种或两种以上混合防弹纤维；顶盖 支撑层1.4.1为聚氨酯泡沫喷涂聚脲成型，顶盖支撑层1.4.1的外部采用牛津布进行封装。顶盖1.4上留有通孔，用于水炮枪发射水流进行弹药的销毁，即该通孔与内围栏1.1所包围的空间贯通；为保证结构的外观，在顶盖1.4的顶部通孔所在位置处采用顶部蒙皮1.4.4对通孔进行覆盖，顶部蒙皮1.4.4的材料为低强度的布。
如图5所示，防泄漏围栏1.3主要是防止破片的泄露，起到增强防护的作用。防泄漏围栏1.3为双层结构，包括内层的冲击波吸收层1.3.1和外层的防弹板1.3.2；冲击波吸收层1.3.1用于进行冲击波的吸收，冲击波吸收层1.3.1采用聚氨酯泡沫，优选的聚氨酯泡沫密度为50kg/m 3-200kg/m 3；防弹板1.3.2采用硬质的PE板或芳纶板；防泄漏围栏1.3的高度为外围栏1.2高度的1/3-1/2，可折叠。通过在压制PE板或者芳纶板时，在折弯的地方不进行压制，可保留结构的柔性，方便折叠。
实施例2：
本实施例提供一种未爆弹/爆炸物销毁系统，如图6所示，该未爆弹/爆炸物销毁系统包括上述实施例1中的防护装备1、支撑架2和水炮3；水炮3采用市面常见型号即可。
支撑架2采用空心钢管，用于对水炮3起到支撑定位的作用；水炮3通过支撑架2支撑定位在防护装备1上方，使水炮3的发射口能够从顶盖1.4上的通孔伸入防护装备1的内围栏1.1内部，由此能够通过水炮销毁放置在防护装备1的未爆弹/爆炸物。
由于防护装备1为分离式，即模块化组装结构，对未爆弹/爆炸物进行销毁时，可以不用挪到未爆弹/爆炸物，直接现场组装防护装备1，将未爆弹/爆炸物罩装在防护装备1的内围栏1.1内部；然后通过支撑架2支撑定位水炮3，将水炮3的发射口能够从顶盖1.4上的通孔伸入防护装备1的内围栏1.1内部，启动水炮3，销毁防护装备1内部的未爆弹/爆炸物即可。
如图7所示，支撑架2为倒U形结构，包括：固定底座2.1、竖杆2.2、支撑杆2.3、顶部滑动杆组2.5；两个固定底座2.1分别设置在倒U形结构开口端两侧，支撑架2通过固定底座2.1固定在地面上；顶部滑动杆组2.5的左右两端各通过两组平行的弧形杆和两组平行的竖杆2.2支撑在对应侧的固定底座2.1上，相同侧两根平行的竖杆2.2之间设置两根支撑杆2.3。
如图8所示，顶部滑动杆组2.5为矩形结构，包括两个平行的横杆2.5.2和两个平行的侧向滑动槽杆2.5.4；两个横杆2.5.2和两个侧向滑动槽杆2.5.4连接成矩形结构；侧向滑动槽杆2.5.4上设置有沿其长度方向的滑槽，两个侧向滑动槽杆2.5.4之间安装两个平行的顶部杆2.5.3，两个顶部杆2.5.3在侧向滑动槽杆2.5.4的滑槽内滑动，以调整两个顶部杆2.5.3之间的间距(以适应不同型号的水炮3，方便水炮3的安装)，调整到所要求的间距后，通过侧向 滑动槽杆固定螺钉2.5.5将顶部杆2.5.3紧固在侧向滑动槽杆2.5.4上。
该未爆弹/爆炸物销毁系统的使用过程为：
发现未爆弹后，按照以下方式进行处理：
防护阶段：
1、首先抬动内围栏1.1罩住未爆弹；
2、抬动外围栏1.2套在内围栏1.1外部；
3、盖上顶盖1.3；
4、放置防泄漏围栏1.4。
支撑架2组装：
1、将竖杆2.2通过螺钉固定在固定底座2.1上，同时将支撑杆2.3通过螺钉安装在竖杆2.2上；
2、通过螺钉将顶部滑动杆组2.5安装到竖杆2.2上，同时调节好顶部滑动杆组2.5的位置；
3、抬动支撑架2到未爆弹处；
4、通过地钉将固定底座2.1固定在地面上，或者抬动沙袋压住固定底座2.1；
5、将水炮3通过铁丝缠绕牢固固定在支撑架2上；
6、将水炮3发射口对准未爆弹的引信处。
销毁处理：
1、通过远程遥控水炮3发射高速水流对未爆弹的引信进行破坏；
2、若此时未爆弹发生爆炸，防护装备1能够防止破片飞出，防止冲击波对周围造成的杀伤，避免的人员及财产的破坏。
3、若此时未爆弹的引信被破坏，未爆弹不发生爆炸，则可以通过X光机对内部进行透视，查看破坏情况，确定安全后可将装备收纳好，等待下一次使用。
虽然，上文中已经用一般性说明及具体实施例对本发明作了详尽的描述，但在本发明基础上，可以对之作一些修改或改进，这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此，在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进，均属于本发明要求保护的范围。

Claims (9)

  1. 爆炸物销毁防护装备，其特征在于：包括：四个模块，分别为：内围栏(1.1)、外围栏(1.2)、防泄漏围栏(1.3)和顶盖(1.4)；所述爆炸物为军用废旧未爆弹药或民用爆炸物；
    所述内围栏(1.1)和所述外围栏(1.2)均为两端开口的筒形结构，其中所述内围栏(1.1)为直筒形，所述外围栏(1.2)包括锥形段和与锥形段小端相连的直筒段，且锥形段位于直筒段下方；所述内围栏(1.1)同轴套装在所述外围栏(1.2)内部，且两者之间有间隙；所述顶盖(1.4)盖装在内围栏(1.1)和外围栏(1.2)的顶部开口处，封闭内围栏(1.1)和外围栏(1.2)的顶部开口；所述顶盖(1.4)上设置有与内围栏(1.1)所包围的空间贯通的通孔；在所述外围栏(1.2)的外围设置防泄漏围栏(1.3)；
    所述外围栏(1.2)包括：外围栏底部支撑板(1.2.1)、外围栏动能吸收层(1.2.2)、外围栏防弹层(1.2.3)、外围栏外支撑层(1.2.4)、外围栏顶部支撑板(1.2.5)、外围栏底部加强层(1.2.6)和冲击波底部增强吸收层(1.2.7)；
    所述外围栏(1.2)为三层结构，从内向外依次为：外围栏动能吸收层(1.2.2)、外围栏防弹层(1.2.3)、外围栏外支撑层(1.2.4)；所述外围栏(1.2)顶部轴向端面设置有环形的外围栏顶部支撑板(1.2.5)，底部轴向端面设置有环形的外围栏底部支撑板(1.2.1)；
    在所述外围栏(1.2)底部的外围设置有外围栏底部加强层(1.2.6)和冲击波底部增强吸收层(1.2.7)；其中所述冲击波底部增强吸收层(1.2.7)的内表面为圆周面，外表面为锥形面；外围栏底部加强层(1.2.6)位于冲击波底部增强吸收层(1.2.7)与外围栏外支撑层(1.2.4)之间；
    所述外围栏底部加强层(1.2.6)采用防弹纤维；所述冲击波底部增强吸收层(1.2.7)为充装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的爆炸物销毁防护装备，其特征在于：所述防泄漏围栏(1.3)的高度为所述外围栏(1.2)高度的1/3～1/2。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的爆炸物销毁防护装备，其特征在于：所述内围栏(1.1)包括：内围栏底部支撑板(1.1.1)、内围栏外支撑层(1.1.2)、防爆洗消液体层(1.1.3)、内围栏内支撑层(1.1.4)以及内围栏顶部支撑板(1.1.5)；
    所述内围栏(1.1)为三层结构，从外向内依次为内围栏外支撑层(1.1.2)、防爆洗消液体层(1.1.3)、内围栏内支撑层(1.1.4)；其顶部轴向端面设置有环形的内围栏顶部支撑板(1.1.5)，底部轴向端面设置有环形的内围栏底部支撑板(1.1.1)；
    所述内围栏内支撑层(1.1.4)的内圆周面上均匀分布有两个以上开孔，开孔面积为其内圆周面总面积的30％～70％。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的爆炸物销毁防护装备，其特征在于：所述外围栏底部加强层(1.2.6) 和冲击波底部增强吸收层(1.2.7)的高度为外围栏(1.2)高度的1/4～1/2。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的爆炸物销毁防护装备，其特征在于：所述顶盖(1.4)包括：顶盖支撑层(1.4.1)、顶盖防爆洗消液体层(1.4.2)和顶部防弹层(1.4.3)；
    在所述顶盖支撑层(1.4.1)内部具有空腔，空腔内从上往下依次为顶部防弹层(1.4.3)和顶盖防爆洗消液体层(1.4.2)；其中所述顶盖防爆洗消液体层(1.4.2)为充装有防爆洗消液体的封装袋。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的爆炸物销毁防护装备，其特征在于：所述防泄漏围栏(1.3)为双层结构，包括内层的冲击波吸收层(1.3.1)和外层的防弹板(1.3.2)。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的爆炸物销毁防护装备，其特征在于：所述防泄漏围栏(1.3)的高度为外围栏(1.2)高度的1/3～1/2。
  8. 爆炸物销毁系统，其特征在于：包括：防护装备(1)、支撑架(2)和水炮(3)；所述防护装备(1)为上述权利要求1-7任一项所述的爆炸物销毁防护装备；
    所述支撑架(2)用于支撑定位所述水炮(3)；
    所述水炮(3)通过所述支撑架(2)支撑定位在所述防护装备(1)上方，使所述水炮(3)的发射口从所述顶盖(1.4)上的通孔伸入所述防护装备(1)的内围栏(1.1)内部，销毁位于所述防护装备(1)内的爆炸物。
  9. 爆炸物销毁方法，其特征在于：采用上述权利要求8所述的爆炸物销毁系统；
    发现爆炸物后，按照以下方式进行处理：
    防护阶段：首先通过所述内围栏(1.1)罩住爆炸物；然后将所述外围栏(1.2)套在所述内围栏(1.1)外部；盖上所述顶盖(1.4)；放置所述防泄漏围栏(1.3)；
    组装所述支撑架(2)；
    然后将所述水炮(3)固定在所述支撑架(2)上，将所述水炮(3)发射口伸入所述防护装备(1)对准爆炸物的引信处；
    销毁处理：远程遥控所述水炮(3)发射高速水流对爆炸物的引信进行破坏；若此时爆炸物发生爆炸，所述防护装备(1)能够防止破片飞出；若此时爆炸物的引信被破坏，不发生爆炸，则通过X光机对所述防护装备(1)内部进行透视，查看爆炸物的破坏情况，确定安全后，收纳所述防护装备(1)、支撑架(2)和水炮(3)。
PCT/CN2021/098577 2020-06-15 2021-06-07 爆炸物销毁防护装备、系统及方法 Ceased WO2021254191A1 (zh)

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