WO2021256829A1 - 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법 및 리튬 금속 이차전지 - Google Patents
리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법 및 리튬 금속 이차전지 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021256829A1 WO2021256829A1 PCT/KR2021/007469 KR2021007469W WO2021256829A1 WO 2021256829 A1 WO2021256829 A1 WO 2021256829A1 KR 2021007469 W KR2021007469 W KR 2021007469W WO 2021256829 A1 WO2021256829 A1 WO 2021256829A1
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/134—Electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1395—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on metals, Si or alloys
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/38—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of elements or alloys
- H01M4/381—Alkaline or alkaline earth metals elements
- H01M4/382—Lithium
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- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
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- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
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- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a lithium metal electrode and a lithium metal secondary battery including the electrode manufactured by the manufacturing method.
- a lithium secondary battery is typically composed of a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator interposed therebetween, and an electrolyte. Recently, as the demand for high-capacity secondary batteries increases, development of lithium metal secondary batteries using lithium metal itself as an active material as an anode capable of obtaining high energy density has been made.
- a lithium metal secondary battery is a secondary battery using lithium metal or a lithium alloy as an anode, and includes, for example, a lithium-metal oxide battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, and a lithium-air battery.
- Lithium metal has a low density of 0.54 g/cm 3 and a standard reduction potential of -3.045V (SHE: based on a standard hydrogen electrode), so it is receiving the most attention as an electrode material for high energy density batteries.
- the lithium metal of the negative electrode is plated and charged, stripped, and discharged, and lithium dendrite growth occurs during charging, thereby There is a problem in that a short circuit may occur inside the battery, the surface area of the electrode is widened, and the side reaction with the electrolyte is also increased, so that the lifespan characteristics and stability of the battery are rapidly reduced. Therefore, in order to commercialize the lithium metal electrode, it is required to develop a technique for stabilizing the lithium metal electrode and suppressing dendrites.
- a lithium metal electrode is generally manufactured by rolling a lithium metal strip with a rolling roll.
- Most of the rolling rolls are made of a metal material to ensure rigidity and durability, and lithium metal has a property of strongly adhering to most metals only by simple contact. Therefore, it is essential to use a lubricant to prevent adhesion between the rolling roll and lithium when manufacturing the lithium metal electrode.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for manufacturing a lithium metal foil using a chain saturated hydrocarbon having 8 or more carbon atoms as a lubricant.
- the chain-type saturated hydrocarbon lubricant having 8 or more carbon atoms has problems in that it is difficult to handle because of its high flammability, and is very harmful to the human body.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a method for manufacturing a lithium metal film using a lubricant composition including a polymer having a specific structure.
- the lubricant composition also has a problem in that an aromatic or hydrocarbon having very high flammability and harmfulness to the human body is used as a solvent.
- the present invention is to solve the above problems, is not harmful to the human body and the environment, and by forming a stable protective film on the surface of the lithium metal electrode, a lithium metal electrode that can effectively suppress the formation of dendrites due to the reaction with the electrolyte
- An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method of
- an object of the present invention is to provide a lithium metal secondary battery having excellent resistance characteristics and lifespan characteristics, including the lithium metal electrode manufactured by the above method.
- the present invention provides a lithium metal strip (strip); and providing a lubricant composition including a fluorine-based solvent and a fluorine-based compound on the lithium metal strip and rolling the same.
- the fluorine-based solvent has a boiling point of 150 ° C. or less, preferably 50 ° C. to 130 ° C., more preferably 80 ° C. to 120 ° C., and a vapor pressure of 0.1 kPa to 30 kPa, preferably 1 kPa to 20 kPa, More preferably, it may be 2 kPa to 10 kPa.
- the fluorine-based solvent may be a compound represented by [Formula 1].
- x and y are each independently an integer of 1 to 20.
- the fluorine-based compound may be an oligomer or polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 100 g/mol to 100,000 g/mol, preferably 2,000 g/mol to 20,000 g/mol, and specifically, a unit represented by the following [Formula 2] It may be an oligomer or polymer comprising
- m to n are each independently an integer of 1 to 100.
- the lubricant composition may include 90 to 99% by weight of a fluorine-based solvent and 1 to 10% by weight of a fluorine-based compound.
- the lubricant composition preferably has a viscosity of 0.5 to 100 cp.
- the present invention is prepared by the method described above, a lithium metal thin film; and a protective film formed on the lithium metal thin film, wherein the protective film provides a lithium metal electrode including LiF.
- the LiF may be formed by a reaction between a fluorine atom and a lithium metal in the lubricant composition during the rolling process.
- the passivation layer may include LiF in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight, and the thickness of the passivation layer may be 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m.
- the present invention provides a lithium metal battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode and an electrolyte, and as the negative electrode, the lithium metal electrode of the present invention described above.
- a protective film containing LiF is formed on the surface of the lithium metal electrode by reacting fluorine and lithium contained in the lubricant during rolling.
- a protective film containing LiF is formed on the surface of the lithium metal electrode, it is possible to effectively suppress an increase in resistance and a decrease in lifespan characteristics due to a side reaction between the lithium metal and the electrolyte.
- the fluorine-based solvent and fluorine-based compound used in the present invention have excellent process stability due to low flammability and toxicity.
- the protective film is formed during the rolling process, a separate coating process for forming the protective film is not required, so that the processability and economical efficiency are excellent.
- the manufacturing method of the lithium metal electrode of the present invention is excellent in processability because a separate process for drying is not required by using a highly volatile solvent having a boiling point of 150° C. or less and a vapor pressure of 0.1 to 30 kPa as a fluorine-based solvent.
- the lithium metal electrode manufactured according to the method of the present invention includes a protective film including LiF on its surface, and the LiF is not easily decomposed during charging and discharging of the battery, unlike components such as LiCO 3 , Li 2 O, and LiOH.
- the stabilization effect of the lithium metal electrode is excellent. Therefore, when the lithium metal electrode manufactured according to the method of the present invention is used, a lithium metal battery having excellent lifespan characteristics can be manufactured.
- FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a method of manufacturing a lithium metal electrode according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a view showing an initial resistance characteristic evaluation result according to Experimental Example 2.
- FIG. 1 shows a method for manufacturing a lithium metal electrode according to the present invention.
- the method of manufacturing a lithium metal electrode of the present invention (1) providing a lithium metal strip (strip) (10); and (2) providing a lubricant composition 20 including a fluorine-based solvent and a fluorine-based compound on the lithium metal strip 10 and rolling.
- the lithium metal strip 10 is a raw material for manufacturing a lithium metal electrode, and is a long band-shaped lithium metal manufactured by extruding a lithium ingot or rod.
- the lithium metal strip 10 is provided to a rolling mill including rolling rollers 30 and passed between the rolling rollers 30 to reduce the thickness of the lithium metal strip and form the lithium metal thin film 15 . to form
- the lubricant composition 20 is provided on the lithium metal strip 10 before the lithium metal strip 10 passes between the rolling rollers 30 . At this time, the lubricant composition 20 may be directly applied on the lithium metal strip 10, as shown in FIG. It is also possible to provide a lubricant composition on the lithium metal strip when contacted with the metal strip.
- the application method is not particularly limited, and various application methods known in the art, for example, spray, bar coating or dip coating, etc. methods can be used.
- the lithium metal strip 10 is rolled to form a lithium metal thin film 15, and the lithium metal thin film ( 15), a thin polymer film is formed on the surface to prevent the lithium metal strip 10 from adhering to the rolling roller 30 .
- the fluorine atoms contained in the lubricant composition react with lithium metal to form LiF, and as a result, the lithium metal thin film 15 and the lithium metal thin film 15 are formed on the surface, and a protective film containing LiF ( 25) was prepared.
- the lubricant composition used in the present invention includes a fluorine-based solvent and a fluorine-based compound.
- the fluorine-based solvent Since the fluorine-based solvent has excellent compatibility with the fluorine-based compound to be described later, it dissolves the fluorine-based compound well so that the lubricant composition can be smoothly applied on the lithium metal strip.
- the fluorine-based solvent is preferably a solvent having a boiling point of 150° C. or less, preferably 50° C. to 130° C., and more preferably 80° C. to 120° C.
- the fluorine-based solvent is preferably a solvent having a vapor pressure of 0.1 to 30 kPa, preferably 1 to 20 kPa, more preferably 2 to 10 kPa.
- the fluorine-based solvent may be a compound represented by [Formula 1].
- x and y are each independently an integer of 1 to 20, preferably an integer of 1 to 8, and more preferably an integer of 1 to 4.
- the fluorine-based compound forms a thin polymer film on the surface of the lithium metal strip to prevent adhesion between the rolling roller and the lithium metal strip.
- the fluorine-based compound includes a fluorine atom, and has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 100 to 100,000 g/mol, preferably 2,000 to 20,000 g/mol, more preferably 5,000 g/mol to 10,000 g/mol phosphorus oligomers or polymers. If the weight average molecular weight of the fluorine-based compound is too small, the polymer film is not smoothly formed on the lithium metal strip, resulting in poor lubrication performance. may not be done
- the fluorine-based compound may be an oligomer or polymer including a unit represented by the following [Formula 2].
- m to n may each independently be an integer of 1 to 100, preferably an integer of 20 to 80, and more preferably an integer of 40 to 60.
- the lubricant composition may include a fluorine-based solvent in an amount of 90 to 99% by weight, preferably 95 to 99% by weight, more preferably 96 to 98% by weight.
- the lubricant composition may include 1 to 10% by weight of the fluorine-based compound, preferably 1 to 5% by weight, more preferably 2 to 4% by weight.
- the lubricant composition may have a viscosity measured at 20° C. of 0.5 to 100 cp, preferably 1 to 20 cp, and more preferably 1 to 5 cp.
- the viscosity of the lubricant composition satisfies the above range, the lubricant composition is smoothly sprayed and has excellent lubrication performance.
- the lithium metal electrode of the present invention manufactured through the above method includes a lithium metal thin film and a protective film formed on the surface of the lithium metal thin film, and including LiF. Unlike components such as LiCO 3 , Li 2 O, and LiOH, LiF is not easily decomposed during battery charging and discharging. It can be effectively prevented, and accordingly, generation of lithium dendrites due to a side reaction with the electrolyte can be effectively suppressed. Therefore, when the lithium metal electrode prepared according to the method of the present invention is applied, the lifespan characteristics of the lithium metal battery can be improved.
- the lithium metal battery according to the present invention includes a lithium metal electrode manufactured according to the above method.
- the lithium metal battery according to the present invention includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte, and is formed on the surface of the lithium metal thin film and the lithium metal thin film as the negative electrode, and may include a protective film containing LiF.
- the lithium metal battery according to the present invention may further include a separator, if necessary.
- the lithium metal battery of the present invention may be, for example, a lithium-sulfur battery.
- the lithium metal battery of the present invention may be a lithium-sulfur battery capable of implementing high capacity characteristics.
- the negative electrode is a lithium metal electrode manufactured according to the method of the present invention, and includes a lithium metal thin film and a protective film formed on the surface of the lithium metal thin film.
- the protective layer includes a LiF component formed by a reaction between a fluorine atom and a lithium metal in the lubricant composition during a rolling process.
- the protective film containing LiF does not decompose even during repeated charging and discharging, and by stably covering the surface of the lithium metal electrode, it is possible to effectively prevent contact between the lithium metal electrode and the electrolyte.
- the passivation layer may include LiF in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt%, preferably 0.5 to 5 wt%, more preferably 1 to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the passivation layer.
- LiF in an amount of 0.1 to 10 wt% preferably 0.5 to 5 wt%, more preferably 1 to 2 wt%, based on the total weight of the passivation layer.
- the protective layer may have a thickness of 0.1 ⁇ m to 10 ⁇ m, preferably 0.5 ⁇ m to 5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 1 ⁇ m to 3 ⁇ m.
- the thickness of the protective film satisfies the above range, it is possible to effectively block a side reaction with the electrolyte while ensuring lithium ion conductivity.
- the positive electrode various positive electrodes used in lithium metal batteries may be used.
- the positive electrode may have a form in which a positive electrode active material layer is laminated on a positive electrode current collector.
- positive electrode active material general positive electrode active materials used in lithium metal batteries may be used, for example, a sulfur-containing compound may be used.
- the cathode active material layer may further include a conductive material, a binder, and the like, if necessary.
- the conductive material serves as a path for electrons to move from the current collector to the positive electrode active material, and not only provides electron conductivity, but also electrically connects the electrolyte and the positive electrode active material, so that lithium ions (Li+) dissolved in the electrolyte are removed from sulfur. Simultaneously, it serves as a pathway to move to and react.
- the conductive material is not particularly limited as long as it has conductivity without causing a chemical change in the battery, for example, graphite; carbon black such as denka black, acetylene black, ketjen black, channel black, furnace black, lamp black, and thermal black; conductive fibers such as carbon fibers and metal fibers; metal powders such as carbon fluoride, aluminum, and nickel powder; conductive whiskers such as zinc oxide and potassium titanate; conductive metal oxides such as titanium oxide; Conductive materials such as polyphenylene derivatives may be used.
- Specific examples of commercially available conductive materials include acetylene black-based Chevron Chemical Company, Denka Singapore Private Limited, Gulf Oil Company, Ketjenblack, and EC-based Armac. Company (Armak Company) product, Vulcan XC-72 Cabot Company (Cabot Company) product, Super-P (Product of Timcal Corporation), etc. can be used.
- the binder is a component that assists in bonding the active material and the conductive material and bonding to the current collector
- the binder applicable to the present invention may be any binder known in the art, and specifically, polyvinylidene fluoride ( Polyvinylidene fluoride, PVdF) or polytetrafluoroethylene (Polytetrafluoroethylene, PTFE) containing a fluororesin binder; a rubber-based binder including a styrene-butadiene rubber, an acrylonitrile-butydiene rubber, and a styrene-isoprene rubber; Cellulose-based binder including carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), starch, hydroxypropyl cellulose, regenerated cellulose; polyalcohol-based binders; Polyolefin-based binders including polyethylene and polypropylene; It may be one selected from the group consisting of a polyimide-based binder, a polyester-based binder,
- a liquid electrolyte, an organic solid electrolyte, an inorganic solid electrolyte, etc. used in a secondary battery may be used, and the type thereof is not particularly limited.
- the liquid electrolyte may include an organic solvent and a lithium salt.
- the organic solvent may be used without any particular limitation as long as it can serve as a medium through which ions involved in the electrochemical reaction of the battery can move.
- ester solvents such as methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, ⁇ -butyrolactone, ⁇ -caprolactone
- ether solvents such as dibutyl ether or tetrahydrofuran
- ketone solvents such as cyclohexanone
- aromatic hydrocarbon-based solvents such as benzene and fluorobenzene
- alcohol solvents such as ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol
- nitriles such as Ra-CN (Ra is a linear, branched, or cyclic hydrocarbon group having
- the lithium salt may be used without particular limitation as long as it is a compound capable of providing lithium ions used in a lithium secondary battery.
- the lithium salt is LiPF 6 , LiClO 4 , LiAsF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiSbF 6 , LiAl0 4 , LiAlCl 4 , LiCF 3 SO 3 , LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 3 ) 2 , LiN(C 2 F 5 SO 2 ) 2 , LiN(CF 3 SO 2 ) 2 .
- LiCl, LiI, or LiB(C 2 O 4 ) 2 , etc. may be used.
- the concentration of the lithium salt is preferably used within the range of 0.1M to 2.0M. When the concentration of the lithium salt is included in the above range, since the electrolyte has appropriate conductivity and viscosity, excellent electrolyte performance may be exhibited, and lithium ions may move effectively.
- the electrolyte may include, in addition to the electrolyte components, haloalkylene carbonate-based compounds such as difluoroethylene carbonate for the purpose of improving battery life characteristics, suppressing battery capacity reduction, and improving battery discharge capacity; or pyridine, triethylphosphite, triethanolamine, cyclic ether, ethylene diamine, n-glyme, hexaphosphoric acid triamide, nitrobenzene derivative, sulfur, quinone imine dye, N-substituted oxazolidinone, N,N
- One or more additives such as -substituted imidazolidine, ethylene glycol dialkyl ether, ammonium salt, pyrrole, 2-methoxyethanol or aluminum trichloride may be further included. In this case, the additive may be included in an amount of 0.1 wt% to 10 wt% based on the total weight of the electrolyte.
- organic solid electrolyte examples include polyethylene derivatives, polyethylene oxide derivatives, polypropylene oxide derivatives, phosphoric acid ester polymers, poly agitation lysine, polyester sulfide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylidene fluoride, ionic A polymer containing a dissociating group or the like can be used.
- Examples of the inorganic solid electrolyte include Li 3 N, LiI, Li 5 NI 2 , Li 3 N-LiI-LiOH, LiSiO 4 , LiSiO 4 -LiI-LiOH, Li 2 SiS 3 , Li 4 SiO 4 , Li 4 Nitride, halide, sulfate, etc. of Li such as SiO 4 -LiI-LiOH, Li 3 PO 4 -Li 2 S-SiS 2 may be used.
- the separator separates the anode and the anode and provides a passage for lithium ions to move, and can be used without any particular limitation as long as it is normally used as a separator in a secondary battery. it is preferable
- the separator includes a porous polymer film, for example, a porous polymer made of polyolefin-based polymer such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer.
- a porous polymer film for example, a porous polymer made of polyolefin-based polymer such as ethylene homopolymer, propylene homopolymer, ethylene/butene copolymer, ethylene/hexene copolymer, and ethylene/methacrylate copolymer.
- a polymer film or a laminated structure of two or more layers thereof may be used.
- a conventional porous nonwoven fabric for example, a nonwoven fabric made of high melting point glass fiber, polyethylene terephthalate fiber, etc. may be used.
- a coated separator including a ceramic component or a polymer material may be used to secure heat resistance or mechanical strength, and may optionally be used in a single-layer or multi-layer structure.
- the lithium metal battery can be usefully applied to portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and digital cameras, and electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- portable devices such as mobile phones, notebook computers, and digital cameras
- electric vehicles such as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs).
- HEVs hybrid electric vehicles
- the lithium metal battery according to the present invention may be used as a unit cell of a battery module, and the battery module may be applied to a battery pack.
- the battery module or battery pack is a power tool (Power Tool); electric vehicles, including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); Alternatively, it may be used as a power source for any one or more medium-to-large devices in a system for power storage.
- Power Tool Power Tool
- electric vehicles including electric vehicles (EVs), hybrid electric vehicles, and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs)
- PHEVs plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
- the viscosity of the prepared lubricant composition was measured at 20° C. using a viscosity measuring device (model name: DV2TLV) manufactured by Brokfield, and the measured viscosity was 1.2cp.
- a lithium metal strip having a thickness of 60 ⁇ m was provided to a rolling mill, and the lubricant composition was applied on the lithium metal strip and then rolled with a rolling roller to prepare a lithium metal electrode having a thickness of 45 ⁇ m.
- the viscosity of the prepared lubricant composition was measured at 20°C using a viscosity measuring device (model name: DV2TLV) of Brokfield, and the measured viscosity was 1.5cp.
- a lithium metal strip having a thickness of 60 ⁇ m was provided to a rolling mill, and the lubricant composition was applied on the lithium metal strip and then rolled with a rolling roller to prepare a lithium metal electrode having a thickness of 45 ⁇ m.
- Fluorine solvent CF 3 -O-[CF(CF 3 )-CF 2 O] 2 -CF 2 O-CF 3 (boiling point 105°C, vapor pressure: 2.5kPa) and fluorine-based compound Fomblin® Z25 (Manufacturer: Solvay, weight average molecular weight) 9,500 g/mol) was mixed in a weight ratio of 97.6: 2.4 to prepare a lubricant composition.
- the viscosity of the prepared lubricant composition was measured at 20° C. using a viscosity measuring device (model name: DV2TLV) manufactured by Brokfield, and the measured viscosity was 1.4 cp.
- a lithium metal strip having a thickness of 60 ⁇ m was provided to a rolling mill, and the lubricant composition was applied on the lithium metal strip and then rolled with a rolling roller to prepare a lithium metal electrode having a thickness of 45 ⁇ m.
- a lithium metal electrode was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, except that octane, a chain saturated hydrocarbon having 8 carbon atoms, was used as a lubricant instead of the lubricant composition of Example 1.
- a positive electrode slurry composition was prepared by mixing 5 parts by weight of the mixture.
- the prepared positive electrode slurry composition was applied on an aluminum current collector, dried at 50° C. for 12 hours, and then compressed with a roll press to prepare a positive electrode.
- the prepared positive electrode had a loading amount of 5.4 mAh/cm 2 and a porosity of 68%.
- the positive electrode prepared as above, the polyethylene separator (thickness: 20 ⁇ m, porosity 68%), each lithium metal electrode prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1 were sequentially stacked, and 0.1 ml of electrolyte was injected Thus, a lithium-sulfur battery was prepared.
- LiTFSI lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
- the lithium-sulfur battery prepared as described above was repeatedly discharged and charged three times at a current density of 0.1C at 25°C, and then discharged and charged three times at a current density of 0.2C, followed by 0.5C discharge and 0.3
- the battery life characteristics were evaluated by measuring the discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency while proceeding with C. The measurement results are shown in FIG. 2 .
- the lithium-sulfur battery including the lithium metal electrode of Comparative Example 1 rapidly deteriorated in discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency after 80 cycles, whereas Examples 1 to It can be seen that the lithium-sulfur battery including the lithium metal electrode of No. 3 maintains excellent discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency.
- a symmetrical battery having a lithium metal electrode/separator/lithium metal electrode structure was prepared using each lithium metal electrode prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example 1, and 0.1 ml of electrolyte was injected.
- LiTFSI lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide
- Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy was performed at 25° C. for the symmetric battery prepared as described above to measure initial resistance characteristics immediately after manufacturing the cells and resistance characteristics after 48 hours.
- the measurement amplitude was 5 mV, and the frequency range was 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz.
- the initial resistance characteristic measurement result is shown in FIG. 3
- the resistance characteristic after 48 hours is shown in FIG. 4 .
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Abstract
Description
Claims (17)
- 리튬 금속 스트립(strip)을 제공하는 단계; 및상기 리튬 금속 스트립 상에 불소계 용매 및 불소계 화합물을 포함하는 윤활제 조성물을 제공하고 압연하는 단계를 포함하는 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 불소계 용매는 끓는 점이 150℃ 이하이고, 증기압이 0.1kPa 내지 30kPa 것인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 불소계 용매는 끓는 점이 50℃ 내지 130℃이고, 증기압이 1kPa 내지 20kPa인 것인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 불소계 용매는 끓는 점이 80℃ 내지 120℃이고, 증기압이 2kPa 내지 10kPa인 것인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 불소계 화합물은 중량평균분자량이 100g/mol 내지 100,000g/mol인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 불소계 화합물은 중량평균분자량이 2,000g/mol 내지 20,000g/mol인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 윤활제 조성물은, 불소계 용매 90 내지 99중량%, 및 불소계 화합물 1 내지 10중량%를 포함하는 것인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 불소계 용매는 하기 [화학식 1]로 표시되는 화합물인 것인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.[화학식 1]CF3-O-[CF(CF3)-CF2O]x-[CF2O]y-CF3상기 화학식 1에서 x, y는 각각 독립적으로 1 내지 20인 정수임.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 불소계 화합물은 하기 [화학식 2]로 표시되는 단위를 포함하는 것인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.[화학식 2]*-[CF2-O]m-[CF2-CF2-O]n-*상기 화학식 2에서 m 내지 n은 각각 독립적으로 1 내지 100인 정수
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 윤활제 조성물은 점도가 0.5 내지 100cp인 리튬 금속 전극의 제조 방법.
- 청구항 1 내지 10 중 어느 한 항의 방법으로 제조되며,리튬 금속 박막; 및 상기 리튬 금속 박막 상에 형성된 보호막을 포함하며,상기 보호막은 LiF를 포함하는 것인 리튬 금속 전극.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 LiF는 압연 과정에서 윤활제 조성물 내의 불소 원자와 리튬 금속이 반응하여 형성된 것인 리튬 금속 전극.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 보호막은 LiF를 0.1 내지 10중량%의 양으로 포함하는 것인 리튬 금속 전극.
- 제11항에 있어서,상기 보호막은 그 두께가 0.1㎛ 내지 10㎛인 리튬 금속 전극.
- 양극, 음극 및 전해질을 포함하며,상기 음극은 청구항 11항의 리튬 금속 전극인 리튬 금속 전지.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 양극은 금속 산화물 및 황 화합물로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택된 1종 이상을 포함하는 양극 활물질을 포함하는 것인 리튬 금속 전지.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 리튬 금속 전지는 리튬-황 전지인 리튬 금속 전지.
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| US17/772,001 US12494491B2 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | Method of preparing lithium metal electrode and lithium metal secondary battery |
| EP21826183.2A EP4037022A4 (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING LITHIUM METAL ELECTRODE, AND LITHIUM METAL SECONDARY BATTERY |
| CN202180005923.4A CN114556624B (zh) | 2020-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | 制造锂金属电极的方法和锂金属二次电池 |
| JP2022525898A JP7416521B2 (ja) | 2020-06-15 | 2021-06-15 | リチウム金属電極の製造方法およびリチウム金属二次電池 |
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| CN114317063B (zh) * | 2021-12-17 | 2023-03-31 | 重庆天齐锂业有限责任公司 | 锂带轧制润滑剂及其应用方法 |
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| KR20210155086A (ko) | 2021-12-22 |
| KR102883390B1 (ko) | 2025-11-07 |
| JP7416521B2 (ja) | 2024-01-17 |
| CN114556624B (zh) | 2025-02-28 |
| JP2023500528A (ja) | 2023-01-06 |
| EP4037022A4 (en) | 2024-08-21 |
| CN114556624A (zh) | 2022-05-27 |
| US12494491B2 (en) | 2025-12-09 |
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