WO2022001402A1 - 发射装置的定位方法及装置、系统、存储介质和电子装置 - Google Patents

发射装置的定位方法及装置、系统、存储介质和电子装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022001402A1
WO2022001402A1 PCT/CN2021/093459 CN2021093459W WO2022001402A1 WO 2022001402 A1 WO2022001402 A1 WO 2022001402A1 CN 2021093459 W CN2021093459 W CN 2021093459W WO 2022001402 A1 WO2022001402 A1 WO 2022001402A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
metasurface
target
preset direction
information
reflection coefficient
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2021/093459
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
窦建武
方敏
陈艺戬
张楠
彭琳
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZTE Corp filed Critical ZTE Corp
Priority to US18/012,313 priority Critical patent/US12136968B2/en
Priority to KR1020237003377A priority patent/KR20230031337A/ko
Priority to JP2022580534A priority patent/JP7853925B2/ja
Priority to EP21833048.8A priority patent/EP4175376A4/en
Publication of WO2022001402A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022001402A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Priority to ZA2023/01503A priority patent/ZA202301503B/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H04W64/006—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management with additional information processing, e.g. for direction or speed determination
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/15—Active relay systems
    • H04B7/155—Ground-based stations
    • H04B7/15528—Control of operation parameters of a relay station to exploit the physical medium
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0205—Details
    • G01S5/0221—Receivers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/0273—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves using multipath or indirect path propagation signals in position determination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/04—Position of source determined by a plurality of spaced direction-finders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
    • G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
    • G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/0006—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices
    • H01Q15/0093—Devices acting selectively as reflecting surface, as diffracting or as refracting device, e.g. frequency filtering or angular spatial filtering devices having a fractal shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/04013—Intelligent reflective surfaces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/14—Relay systems
    • H04B7/145—Passive relay systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method and device, system, storage medium, and electronic device for locating a transmitting device.
  • Direction of Arrival (DOA) estimation methods for traditional array beams include multiple signal classification (Multiple Signal Classification, MUSIC for short), Rotation Invariant Subspace (Estimating Signal parameter via Rotation Invariance Techniques, abbreviated as ESPRIT) and other methods, the basis of which is that the array element has an independent measurement function (such as measuring the phase of the incoming wave).
  • ESPRIT Rotation Invariant Subspace
  • this addition of measurement capabilities reduces reflection efficiency and increases cost, so metasurfaces typically do not have the capability of independent electromagnetic units. phasing function, resulting in the unavailability of DOA estimation methods for traditional arrays in metasurfaces.
  • the traditional non-line-of-sight positioning methods include the line-of-sight reconstruction positioning method, the non-line-of-sight weighted positioning method, the Time of Arrival (TOA) positioning method based on the combination of line-of-sight reconstruction and smoothing, and the inequality constraint-based positioning method.
  • the positioning method wherein either the non-line-of-sight method is converted into the line-of-sight by using the mirror principle, or the influence of the non-line-of-sight component is reduced by a statistical method, and the coordination of multiple base stations is required in this positioning method; and, the fingerprint in the related art
  • the deployment of another positioning system and related supporting facilities are required, which increases the cost and is limited in implementation in some scenarios. It can be seen that, in the related art, during positioning, multiple systems and the support of other related technologies need to be used, and the terminal positioning cannot be performed by utilizing the characteristics of the metasurface itself.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a positioning method and device, system, storage medium, and electronic device for a transmitting device, so as to at least solve the technical problem in the related art that the characteristics of the metasurface itself cannot be used to locate the terminal.
  • a method for locating a transmitting device including: determining regulation information by a receiving device, wherein the regulation information includes timing information and regulation direction information, and the regulation direction information is used to indicate a metasurface
  • the control unit adjusts the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to a target reflection coefficient corresponding to a preset direction, so that the beam from the receiving device to the metasurface direction forms a reflected beam in the preset direction on the metasurface , the preset direction is the direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the target time period, and the preset direction points to the target area, the timing information includes the target time period, and the control direction information includes the Presetting direction information; transmitting a pilot signal to the metasurface through the transmitting device, wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area; sending the regulation information to the metasurface control unit through the receiving device , wherein the regulation information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction during the target
  • a positioning device for a transmitting device comprising: a determining module configured to determine regulation information through a receiving device, wherein the regulation information includes timing information and regulation direction information, and the regulation direction The information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to a target reflection coefficient corresponding to a preset direction, so that the beam from the receiving device to the metasurface direction forms the metasurface on the metasurface.
  • the reflected beam in a preset direction is the direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the target time period, and the preset direction points to the target area, the timing information includes the target time period, the
  • the regulation direction information includes the preset direction information;
  • the transmitting module is configured to transmit a pilot signal to the metasurface through the transmitting device, wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area;
  • the regulating module is configured to transmit a pilot signal to the metasurface through the transmitting device.
  • the receiving device sends the regulation information to the metasurface control unit, wherein the regulation information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to be the same as the target time period.
  • the positioning module is configured to determine the signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction, and according to the preset direction and the signal measurement result, perform Positioning, wherein the signal measurement result is a measurement result obtained by the receiving device measuring the received target pilot signal, and the target pilot signal is reflected by a metasurface adjusted to the target reflection coefficient.
  • the receiving device receives, and the pilot signal transmitted by the transmitting device includes the target pilot signal.
  • a positioning system for a transmitting device including: a transmitting device, a receiving device, a metasurface control unit, a metasurface and a positioning node, wherein the receiving device is configured to determine control information,
  • the regulation information includes timing information and regulation direction information
  • the regulation direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction, so that the receiver from the The beam in the direction from the device to the metasurface forms a reflected beam in the preset direction on the metasurface, the preset direction is the direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the target time period, and the preset direction
  • the direction points to the target area
  • the timing information includes the target time period
  • the control direction information includes the preset direction information
  • the transmitting device is configured to transmit a pilot signal to the metasurface, wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area
  • the receiving device is further configured to send the control information to the metasurface control unit, where
  • a computer-readable storage medium is also provided, and a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer program is configured to execute any one of the above methods when running steps in the examples.
  • an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute any one of the above Steps in Method Examples.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device according to a method for locating a transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a network architecture diagram of a method for locating a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for locating a transmitter according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a deployment scene of a metasurface according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of wireless signal quality recorded by a receiving device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of wireless signal quality recorded by a receiving device according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the time slot corresponding to the wireless signal quality and the position coordinates in the target area according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional display schematic diagram of wireless signal quality and position coordinates in a target area according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic plane display schematic diagram of wireless signal quality and position coordinates in a target area according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic three-dimensional display schematic diagram of wireless signal quality and position coordinates in a target area according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic plane display diagram of wireless signal quality and position coordinates in a target area according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of X-axis direction wireless signal quality and one-dimensional Gaussian function fitting according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the wireless signal quality in the Y-axis direction and a one-dimensional Gaussian function fitting according to an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of X-axis direction wireless signal quality and one-dimensional Gaussian function fitting according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of wireless signal quality in the Y-axis direction and fitting of a one-dimensional Gaussian function according to another embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 16 is a structural block diagram of a positioning apparatus of a transmitting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a hardware structure of an electronic device of a method for locating a transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the electronic device may include one or more (only one is shown in FIG.
  • processor 102 may include, but is not limited to, a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA) and a memory 104 configured to store data, wherein the above-mentioned electronic device may further include a transmission device 106 and an input/output device 108 configured as a communication function.
  • a processing device such as a microprocessor MCU or a programmable logic device FPGA
  • a memory 104 configured to store data
  • the above-mentioned electronic device may further include a transmission device 106 and an input/output device 108 configured as a communication function.
  • FIG. 1 is only a schematic diagram, which does not limit the structure of the above electronic device.
  • the electronic device may also include more or fewer components than shown in FIG. 1 , or have a different configuration than that shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the memory 104 may be configured to store computer programs, for example, software programs and modules of application software, such as computer programs corresponding to the positioning method of the transmitting device in the embodiment of the present application, and the processor 102 runs the computer programs stored in the memory 104, Thereby, various functional applications and data processing are performed, that is, the above-mentioned method is realized.
  • Memory 104 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic storage devices, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state memory.
  • memory 104 may further include memory located remotely from processor 102, which may be connected to the electronic device through a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.
  • Transmission means 106 are arranged to receive or transmit data via a network.
  • the specific example of the above-mentioned network may include a wireless network provided by a communication provider.
  • the transmission device 106 includes a network adapter (Network Interface Controller, NIC for short), which can be connected to other network devices so as to communicate with the Internet.
  • the transmission device 106 may be a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF for short) module, which is configured to communicate with the Internet in a wireless manner.
  • RF Radio Frequency
  • the network architecture includes: a transmitting apparatus (for example, a terminal, wherein FIG. 2 shows that there are two transmitting apparatuses, that is, transmitting apparatus A ( i.e. terminal A) and transmitting device B (i.e. terminal B)), a beam tunable metasurface control unit (that is, a metasurface control unit corresponding to the embodiment of the present application, or referred to as a metasurface control device or a metasurface control device), A beam-steerable metasurface (that is, the metasurface in this embodiment of the present application, also referred to as a reconfigurable metasurface), and a receiving device (for example, a base station).
  • a transmitting apparatus for example, a terminal, wherein FIG. 2 shows that there are two transmitting apparatuses, that is, transmitting apparatus A ( i.e. terminal A) and transmitting device B (i.e. terminal B)
  • a beam tunable metasurface control unit that is, a metasurface control unit corresponding to the embodiment of the present application, or
  • the receiving device includes a radio frequency unit or an antenna, and the receiving device is set to plan, configure and receive specific wireless signals.
  • the receiving device receives the specific wireless signal that is transmitted by the transmitting device and reflected by the metasurface (that is, the specific wireless signal in the embodiment of the present application). target pilot signal).
  • the metasurface control unit is set to control the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit (or called electromagnetic reflection unit) in the metasurface; the metasurface is composed of multiple groups of electromagnetic units with controllable reflection coefficients, and the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit is controlled by controlling the reflection coefficient of the metasurface.
  • the metasurface can form a predetermined reflected beam antenna pattern (that is, a reflected beam with a preset direction is formed on the metasurface); the transmitting device is set to transmit a specific wireless signal (ie, the target pilot signal); the receiving device is also set To measure, record or analyze the received target pilot signal.
  • the target pilot signal transmitted by the transmitting device is pre-planned and configured by the receiving device (for example, a base station), and the target pilot signals corresponding to different transmitting devices are different, that is, the receiving device receives the target pilot signal Afterwards, different transmitting apparatuses can be distinguished according to the target pilot signal.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for locating a transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 3 , the process includes the following steps: step:
  • Step S302 determining regulation information by the receiving device, wherein the regulation information includes timing information and regulation direction information, and the regulation direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to a value corresponding to the preset direction.
  • the target reflection coefficient so that the beam from the receiving device to the metasurface direction forms the reflected beam in the preset direction on the metasurface, and the preset direction is the preset direction corresponding to the target time period
  • the timing information includes the target time period
  • the control direction information includes the preset direction information
  • Step S304 transmitting a pilot signal to the metasurface through the transmitting device, wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area;
  • Step S306 sending the regulation information to the metasurface control unit through the receiving device, wherein the regulation information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to change the reflection coefficient of the metasurface in the target time period. adjusting to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction;
  • Step S308 Determine a signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction, and locate the transmitting device according to the preset direction and the signal measurement result, wherein the signal measurement result is the receiving device
  • the measurement result obtained by measuring the received target pilot signal, the target pilot signal is received by the receiving device after being reflected by the metasurface adjusted to the target reflection coefficient, and the pilot signal transmitted by the transmitting device is used.
  • the frequency signal includes the target pilot signal.
  • the control information is determined by the receiving device, wherein the control information includes timing information and control direction information, and the control direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to correspond to the preset direction.
  • target reflection coefficient so that the beam from the receiving device to the metasurface direction forms a reflected beam in the preset direction on the metasurface, and the preset direction is a preset corresponding to the target time period
  • the timing information includes the target time period
  • the control direction information includes the preset direction information
  • transmitting a pilot signal wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area
  • the unit adjusts the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction during the target time period; direction and the signal measurement result to locate the transmitting device, wherein the signal measurement result is the measurement result obtained by the receiving device measuring
  • a set of systems that is, a base station and a metasurface
  • the ability of the metasurface itself can be used to locate the transmitting device (that is, the terminal), so that the A base station and using the properties of the metasurface itself can locate the transmitter.
  • the signal measurement result may be signal quality, signal field strength level or signal received power.
  • step S304 and step S306 can be interchanged, that is, step S306 may be executed first, and then step S304 may be executed.
  • the determining the regulation information by the receiving device includes determining the regulation information according to the target scanning area; wherein the determining the regulation information according to the target scanning area includes: determining the regulation information according to the target scanning area.
  • a plurality of sub-regions obtained by dividing the target area to determine a plurality of the preset direction information, and determine a plurality of the target time periods according to the plurality of the preset direction information, wherein each of the preset direction information is related to the predetermined direction information.
  • the timing information includes a plurality of the target time periods, and each of the target time periods corresponds to each of the preset direction information; in a plurality of the preset directions pointing to the target area, and determining each of the preset direction information as a preset direction in the multiple preset directions, and according to the multiple preset directions
  • the information determines the time sequence information, wherein the time sequence information includes a plurality of the target time periods, and each of the target time periods is in one-to-one correspondence with each of the preset direction information.
  • the target area may be divided into a plurality of sub-areas by the receiving device, for example, the target area may be divided into sub-area 1, sub-area 2, and sub-area 3, etc.
  • Each sub-region corresponds to preset direction information, such as preset direction information 1, preset direction information 2, and preset direction information 3, and so on.
  • the preset direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface, so that the reflected beam formed on the metasurface is directed to the sub-region corresponding to the preset direction information, wherein the reflection
  • the beam is a reflected beam (also called a virtual reflected beam) formed on the metasurface by a beam in the direction from the receiving device to the metasurface.
  • the receiving apparatus may determine the preset direction information corresponding to each sub-area according to the scanning sequence of the sub-areas in the target area, and determine the timing information according to the determined preset direction information (that is, the determined preset direction information multiple target time periods, wherein each target time period has corresponding preset direction information), for example, the determined multiple preset direction information is preset direction information 1, preset direction information 2, and preset direction information Information 3, the timing information includes target time period 1, target time period 2 and target time period 3 arranged in chronological order, wherein, target time period 1 corresponds to preset direction information 1, and target time period 2 corresponds to preset direction information 2 , and the target time period 3 corresponds to the preset direction information 3 .
  • the receiving device may directly determine a plurality of preset directions in the target area, for example, in the target area, determine a first preset direction pointing to a certain position in the target area, and determine another direction pointing to the target area
  • the second preset direction of the position that is, multiple preset directions are determined, and each preset direction information is determined as a preset direction among the multiple preset directions, that is, a preset direction itself can be used as a preset direction.
  • Set direction information After determining a plurality of preset direction information, the receiving device may determine the target time period corresponding to the scanning sequence according to the scanning sequence of the position of the target area.
  • the timing information includes a target time period 1 and a target time period 2, wherein the target time period 1 corresponds to the preset direction information 1, and the target time period 2 corresponds to the preset direction information 2.
  • the target time period may be the time period corresponding to the time slot number (ie, the time slot sequence number)
  • the timing information may be the time period corresponding to the time slot number (that is, the time period corresponding to the corresponding time slot).
  • the time sequence information includes time segments corresponding to multiple time slots arranged in time sequence.
  • the timing information includes a plurality of target time periods
  • the regulation direction information includes a plurality of preset direction information
  • each target time period in the timing information One-to-one correspondence with each preset direction information in the regulation direction information.
  • the metasurface control unit by sending the regulation information to the metasurface control unit, the metasurface control unit can be instructed to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to be the same as the target reflection coefficient in the target time period; and
  • the metasurface control unit adjusts the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to reflect the next target coefficient, wherein the next target reflection coefficient is the reflection coefficient corresponding to the next preset direction, and the next preset direction is the direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the next target time period.
  • the reflection coefficient of the metasurface is adjusted to a corresponding reflection coefficient in a certain target time period in the timing information by the metasurface control unit, wherein the corresponding reflection coefficient is corresponding to the certain target time period.
  • the method further includes: determining, by the metasurface control unit, the target reflection coefficient according to the preset direction information ; adjusting the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient in the target time period by the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient;
  • the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit includes at least one of the following: amplitude, phase, and polarization. That is, the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit can be any combination of amplitude, phase and polarization.
  • the method when the preset direction information is an input parameter corresponding to the preset direction, after the control information is sent to the metasurface control unit through the receiving device, the method further Including: determining the target reflection coefficient according to the input parameter by the metasurface control unit; adjusting the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface to the target time period by the metasurface control unit target reflection coefficient to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient; or, in the case that the preset direction information is the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction, in the After the control information is sent to the metasurface control unit through the receiving device, the method further includes: adjusting the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface to the target reflection by the metasurface control unit in the target time period coefficient to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient.
  • the regulation information further includes one of the following information: beam regulation start time, wherein the beam regulation start time is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to, at the beam regulation start time, Begin to control the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface; Beam regulation end time, wherein the beam regulation end time is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to end the beam regulation end time to the metasurface Control of the reflection coefficient of the electromagnetic elements of the surface.
  • the metasurface control unit is further configured to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to be in the same direction as the first preset direction according to the first target time period in the timing information at the start time of the beam adjustment The corresponding target reflection coefficient, wherein the first preset direction is the direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the first target time period.
  • each target time period in the timing information forms a continuous period of time
  • the start time of the first target time period in the timing information is the beam steering start time
  • the end time of the segment is the beam steering end time
  • the end time of each intermediate target time segment (that is, the target time segment located between the first target time segment and the last target time segment) is the next target time segment. start time.
  • the timing information includes target time period 1 to target time period 3, wherein the end time of target time period 1 is the start time of target time period 2, and the end time of target time period 2 is the start time of target time period 3.
  • the start time of the target time period 1 is the start time of the beam steering
  • the end time of the target time period 3 is the end time of the beam steering.
  • the above timing information may be a set of time periods corresponding to the time slots (for example, the time period corresponding to the first time slot to the time period corresponding to the 180th time slot), and the target time period is the target time sequence
  • the time period corresponding to the sequence number also called the target time slot, or the target time slot number, for example, one of the time slots from the 1st time slot to the 180th time slot
  • the transmitting device records the corresponding relationship between the target time period and the pilot signal transmitted in the target time period, and when the receiving device receives the target pilot signal, simultaneously records the target time period and the target received in the target time period. Correspondence of pilot signals. It should be noted that the corresponding relationship between the target time period recorded by the transmitting device and the pilot signal transmitted within the target time period is the corresponding relationship between the target time period recorded by the receiving device and the target pilot signal received within the target time period. The relationship is consistent.
  • the determining a signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction includes: determining a target time period corresponding to each signal measurement result in a signal measurement result set, wherein the signal measurement result set Including the signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction; the preset direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the target time period is determined according to the target time period, and the preset direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the target time period is determined.
  • the signal measurement result corresponding to the segment is determined as the signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction.
  • the receiving device when receiving the target pilot signal, the receiving device records the target time period corresponding to the target pilot signal (for example, the time period corresponding to the first time slot), and performs an analysis on the target pilot signal.
  • Signal measurement results in signal measurement results which can be signal quality, signal field strength level, or signal received power.
  • the locating the transmitting device according to the preset direction and the signal measurement result includes: determining according to the preset direction and the position and height of the metasurface The position coordinates (xi, yi) of the reflected beam corresponding to each of the preset directions in the target area, and the value of the signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction is determined as the position coordinate (xi, yi) corresponds to the vertical axis coordinate zi, wherein the i is the identifier of the reflected beam corresponding to the preset direction; according to the coordinate range where the target area is located, the position coordinates (xi, yi ) and the corresponding vertical axis coordinate zi to perform Gaussian function fitting to obtain the fitted Gaussian function, and determine the positioning result of positioning the transmitting device according to the coordinates corresponding to the vertices of the fitted Gaussian function.
  • the Gaussian function fitting is performed according to the coordinate range where the target area is located, the position coordinates (xi, yi) and the corresponding vertical axis coordinate zi to obtain the fitted Gaussian function, according to the coordinates corresponding to the vertices of the Gaussian function after fitting to determine the positioning result of positioning the transmitting device, including: the abscissa range and the ordinate range where the target area is located according to preset coordinate intervals respectively Perform sampling to obtain a sampled abscissa set and ordinate set; from the vertical axis coordinates zi corresponding to the position coordinates (xi, yi), determine the abscissa set corresponding to each abscissa xw in the abscissa set.
  • the vertical axis coordinate zw, and the vertical axis coordinate zp corresponding to each vertical coordinate yp in the vertical coordinate set is determined from the vertical axis coordinate zi corresponding to the position coordinate (xi, yi), wherein the w and p are both positive integers in the interval [1, n], and the n is the number of samples to be sampled; according to the abscissa set and the vertical axis coordinate zw corresponding to each abscissa xw in the abscissa set
  • the formed coordinate set (xw, zw) is fitted with a one-dimensional Gaussian function to obtain the fitted first Gaussian function;
  • the coordinate set (yp, zp) composed of the vertical axis coordinates zp is fitted with a one-dimensional Gaussian function to obtain a second Gaussian function after fitting; the first coordinate xt corresponding to the vertex of the first Gaussian function is determined, and the The second coordinate yt corresponding to the
  • the target area is: the abscissa is within the range of [xs,xe], and the ordinate is within the range of [ys,ye], where xs, xe, ys, ye are all real numbers, and xe>xs, ye>ys, the abscissa range and ordinate range where the target area is located are sampled according to preset coordinate intervals, respectively, to obtain the sampled abscissa set and ordinate set, then in the above embodiment, xs ⁇ xw ⁇ xe, ys ⁇ yp ⁇ ye; and in the obtained positioning result, xs ⁇ xt ⁇ xe, ys ⁇ yt ⁇ ye.
  • two one-dimensional Gaussian functions can be obtained by fitting two one-dimensional Gaussian functions (that is, by fitting two one-dimensional Gaussian curves respectively, each one-dimensional Gaussian function Corresponding to a Gaussian curve), respectively determine the coordinates of the vertices of the two one-dimensional Gaussian functions (that is, the maximum value of the Gaussian function, which is also the maximum value of the Gaussian curve corresponding to the Gaussian function). input), so as to determine the position coordinates of the launching device (that is, determine the positioning result).
  • the vertical axis coordinate zw corresponding to each abscissa xw in the abscissa set is determined from the vertical axis coordinate zi corresponding to the position coordinate (xi, yi), and the vertical axis coordinate zw corresponding to the position In the vertical axis coordinates zi corresponding to the coordinates (xi, yi), determining the vertical axis coordinates zp corresponding to each vertical coordinate yp in the vertical coordinate set, including: determining that the abscissa in the position coordinates (xi, yi) is The vertical axis coordinates corresponding to all the position coordinates of xw, the maximum value among the vertical axis coordinates corresponding to all the position coordinates of xw is determined as the vertical axis coordinate zw corresponding to the abscissa xw; and determining the In the position coordinates (xi, yi), the vertical axis coordinates corresponding to all the position coordinates of which the ordinate
  • the locating the transmitting device includes: determining according to the preset direction and the position and height of the metasurface The position coordinates (xi, yi) of the reflected beam corresponding to each of the preset directions in the target area, and the value of the signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction is determined as the position coordinate The corresponding vertical axis coordinates zi, wherein the i is the identifier of the reflected beam corresponding to the preset direction; according to the coordinate set (xi, yi) composed of the position coordinates (xi, yi) and the vertical axis coordinates zi , yi, zi) to perform two-dimensional Gaussian function fitting to obtain the fitted two-dimensional Gaussian function; determine the coordinates (xt, yt) corresponding to the vertices of the two-dimensional Gaussian function, and set the coordinates (xt, yt) It is determined as the positioning result obtained by locating the transmitting device, where
  • the abscissa range corresponding to the target area is [xs, xe], and the ordinate range is [ys, ye], where xs, xe, ys, and ye are all real numbers, and xe>xs, ye>ys, then we get In the positioning result: xs ⁇ xt ⁇ xe, ys ⁇ yt ⁇ ye.
  • the position coordinates of the transmitting device may be determined by fitting a two-dimensional Gaussian function (ie, fitting a Gaussian surface).
  • the least square method and the least mean square error method can be used to realize the fitting.
  • the method it also includes: determining target direction information according to a positioning result obtained by locating the transmitting device, wherein the target direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to control each element of the metasurface according to the target direction information. the reflection coefficient of the electromagnetic unit, so that the reflected beam formed on the metasurface by the wireless signal transmitted by the receiving device is directed to the transmitting device.
  • the receiving device after determining the target direction information, sends the target direction information to the metasurface control unit, so as to instruct the metasurface control unit to control the reflection coefficient of the metasurface according to the target direction information , so that the reflected beam formed on the metasurface by the wireless signal transmitted by the receiving device (ie the base station) is directed to the transmitting device, so that the wireless signal transmitted by the base station can accurately reach the terminal side.
  • a beam-steerable metasurface also known as a reconfigurable metasurface, ie the metasurface in the above embodiment
  • This application will provide a related method, which can use the characteristics of the metasurface itself to achieve the precise alignment of the target beam orientation, so that the deployment scheme of the metasurface is self-complete; Precise positioning of end positions. That is, in the embodiment of the present application, the deployment of the metasurface realizes the use of a single station (ie, a single base station) to perform non-direct line-of-sight terminal positioning.
  • the receiving device is configured to determine the beam scanning plan, and send the relevant information of the beam scanning plan to the transmitting device through the radio frequency unit, wherein the relevant information of the beam scanning plan includes the beam scanning time interval (wherein, the beam scanning time interval is the above-mentioned The time interval between the beam steering start time and the beam steering end time in the embodiment), the specific pilot sequence of the transmitting device (that is, the target pilot signal in the above-mentioned embodiment) and related time-frequency resources, etc.;
  • the above-mentioned determining the beam scanning plan refers to the process that the receiving device performs grid division or target beam pointing planning on the target area, and converts the two-dimensional spatial domain plan of the target area into a one-dimensional time domain plan.
  • the receiving device determines each grid corresponding to the time sequence (that is, the time sequence information in the above embodiment) according to the scanning sequence of the grids in the target area (that is, the sub-areas in the above embodiment), And determine the preset direction information corresponding to each grid. That is, in the above embodiment, each preset direction information has a corresponding target time period.
  • the receiving device also sends the beam steering start time and the beam steering end time to the transmitting device.
  • the transmitting device is configured to transmit the target pilot signal according to the time-frequency resources configured by the receiving device within the beam scanning time interval, wherein when transmitting the target pilot signal, the radio frequency unit in the transmitting device is used to adjust the beam and make the transmission
  • the beam is aimed at the metasurface (the target pilot signal is transmitted to the metasurface).
  • the pilot sequence transmitted by the transmitting device that is, the target pilot signal in the above embodiment
  • the coding sequence has good autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties.
  • the receiving device is also configured to control the metasurface in the beam scanning time interval by the metasurface control unit, that is, adjust the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the target time period in the target time period, thereby Realize the scanning of the target area within the beam scanning interval;
  • the receiving device is further configured to identify the transmitting device and measure the strength of the wireless signal (ie, the signal measurement result in the above embodiment) based on the received pilot sequence. Wherein, at the same time, multiple transmitting apparatuses can transmit pilot signals simultaneously.
  • controlling the metasurface through the super-control unit includes: the receiving device sends regulation information to the super-control unit through the interface between the receiving device and the meta-surface control unit, and the regulation information includes but is not limited to the following: Start time, beam steering direction, target reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit, input parameters used to determine the target reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit, timing information, beam steering end time, etc.
  • the control information can be the beam target to be adjusted to, or it can be the control instructions for each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface. When these instructions act on each electromagnetic unit, each electromagnetic unit can be made to perform a reflection coefficient (also known as input change or adjustment of the reflection coefficient), so that the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit in the metasurface is adjusted to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the target time period.
  • the receiving device may pre-determine control information (including a reflection used to make the beam from the receiving device to the direction of the metasurface form a reflection in a predetermined direction on the metasurface The preset direction information of the beam), and after the control information is determined, the metasurface is controlled by the metasurface control unit according to the control information in the beam scanning interval.
  • control information including a reflection used to make the beam from the receiving device to the direction of the metasurface form a reflection in a predetermined direction on the metasurface The preset direction information of the beam
  • the metasurface is controlled by the metasurface control unit according to the control information in the beam scanning interval.
  • the receiving device does not transmit a signal to the metasurface, and there is no signal transmitted by the receiving device to the metasurface at this time.
  • the purpose of adjusting the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient is to adjust the state of the metasurface to a state of generating a virtual reflection beam along a preset direction, and the virtual reflection beam is Simulate the reflected beams formed on the metasurface when the receiving device transmits wireless signals to the metasurface, that is, the wireless signal transmitted by the receiving device to the metasurface is an analog signal, and the receiving device does not actually need to transmit the wireless signal. Therefore, in this embodiment of the present application, after the receiving device determines the regulation information, the receiving device does not need to transmit wireless signals to the metasurface when positioning the transmitting device.
  • the virtual main beam reflected by the metasurface (that is, the above virtual reflected beam) can be made according to the predetermined time period (that is, the timing information in the above embodiment).
  • the target time period in points to different target orientations (that is, the preset directions in the above embodiment), so as to realize the scanning of the target area.
  • the receiving device measures and records the wireless signal quality of the target pilot signal transmitted by each transmitting device in the beam scanning interval, that is, the receiving device measures the received target pilot signal based on the known target pilot signal in the beam scanning interval.
  • the signal quality of the target pilot signal, and record each signal quality and the corresponding target time period, that is, the signal measurement result set composed of the signal measurement results recorded by the receiving device is the quality of each wireless signal arranged in time order (that is, the signal measurement result set. is a time series data), and each signal measurement result corresponds to the beam steering timing sequence of the metasurface (that is, the timing information composed of the target time period corresponding to each signal measurement result in the signal measurement result set and the timing sequence used to control the metasurface information is consistent).
  • the receiving device is further configured to estimate the direction of the target beam and position the transmitting device based on the measurement result of the receiving device (ie, the signal measurement result in the above embodiment).
  • the estimation of the direction of the target beam based on the measurement result of the receiving device and the position positioning of the transmitting device include the following steps: (1) based on the measurement result of the receiving device and the beam regulation timing of the metasurface, determine the main regulation on the metasurface When the beam points to different azimuths, the receiving device measures the wireless signal quality for a certain terminal; (2) Estimate the terminal position and target beam azimuth based on the wireless signal quality of the main control beam in different azimuths.
  • step (2) can be performed in the receiving device or other network positioning equipment.
  • one-dimensional time data can be converted into two-dimensional spatial data based on the pointing of the metasurface beam and related measurement results, for example, the terminal position can be determined by a two-dimensional surface fitting algorithm.
  • the two-dimensional surface fitting algorithm includes but is not limited to two-dimensional Gaussian distribution surface, least squares method, least mean square error method, etc., or, using two independent dimensionality reduction to one-dimensional Gaussian curves for fitting .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a deployment scene of a metasurface according to an embodiment of the present application, which shows a beam scanning area (ie, the target area in the above embodiment) and a beam-tunable metasurface (ie, the metasurface in the above embodiment).
  • a beam scanning area ie, the target area in the above embodiment
  • a beam-tunable metasurface ie, the metasurface in the above embodiment
  • the respective deployment parameters of the receiving device (that is, the base station where the radio frequency receiving unit of the base station in FIG. 4 is located) are as follows:
  • the antenna of the receiving device (that is, the radio frequency unit) is installed on the top of the building with a hanging height of 43 meters (that is, the height of the antenna of the receiving device is 43 meters);
  • the coordinates of the center point of the radio frequency transmitting unit of the receiving device are: [0, 0, 43] (unit: m);
  • Elevation angle EL 10 degrees
  • Rotation angle SL 0 degrees.
  • the various deployment parameters of the hypersurface are as follows:
  • Rotation angle SL 0 degrees.
  • the parameters of the launcher and metasurface are configured as follows:
  • Polarization vertical polarization
  • EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power
  • the size of the metasurface length 20 ⁇ width 20 ⁇ , ⁇ is the wavelength of the carrier frequency;
  • Metasurface phase control granularity 2-bits (that is, 2 bits are used to indicate the phase of the metasurface, so there are 4 optional phases: [0, ⁇ /2, ⁇ ,3 ⁇ /2] (unit: radians);
  • Sub-Carrier Space 30kHz
  • Wireless frame length 10ms
  • the receiving device sets the scanning beam update frequency: per time slot.
  • the transmitting device A whose position coordinates in the target area are [78, 88] (unit: m), and the position coordinates are [ 76, 98] (unit m) of the transmitting device B is used as a reference to test the positioning accuracy of the positioning method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the positioning method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 the receiving device determines the beam scanning plan: from the first time slot (the time period corresponding to the first time slot is the first target time period, and the start time of the first target time period also corresponds to the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • Beam control start time in starts to the 180th time slot (that is, the 180th target time period, which is also the last target time period in the timing information, and the end time of the last target time period also corresponds to the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • Beam control end time carry out the beam scanning of the beam scanning area (that is, the target area in the above-mentioned embodiment) in FIG.
  • the receiving device sends the relevant information of the beam scanning plan to the transmitting device through the radio frequency unit of the receiving device, wherein,
  • the relevant information includes: each target time period in the timing information (wherein, the start time of the first target period in the timing information (also the start time of beam steering), the end time of the last target period (that is, the beam steering end time), the time period from the beam control start time to the beam control end time is the beam control time interval), the specific pilot sequence of the transmitting device (that is, the target pilot signal corresponding to the transmitting device) and related time-frequency resources, etc.;
  • Step 2 the radio frequency unit of the transmitting device adjusts the beam to align the metasurface, and transmits a pilot sequence signal (that is, the target pilot signal in the above-mentioned embodiment) according to the time-frequency resource configured by the receiving device in the time zone of the beam scanning,
  • the pilot sequence signals of different transmitting devices can be distinguished by frequency division or code division;
  • Step 3 The receiving device controls the virtual beam direction of the metasurface through the metasurface control unit.
  • the frequency of the azimuth update of the metasurface beam scanning is every time slot, in a certain time slot (that is, within the time period corresponding to the time slot) , the virtual reflected beam reaches the beam scanning area along a certain preset direction. After each update, the beam will be aimed at the next new predetermined azimuth (ie, the preset direction in the above embodiment).
  • Step 4 The receiving device measures and records the wireless signal quality of the wireless pilot signal transmitted by the relevant transmitting device within the beam scanning time interval, and the results are shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 .
  • 5 shows the signal reception strength obtained by the receiving device measuring the received target pilot signal transmitted by the transmitter A
  • FIG. 6 shows the received target pilot signal transmitted by the transmitter B by the receiving device
  • the horizontal axis in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 is each time slot arranged in sequence. Wherein, since each time slot has a certain duration, each time slot may correspond to a time period (ie, the target time period in the foregoing embodiment).
  • the kth target time period in the timing information (that is, the time period corresponding to the kth time slot) is between t0+(k-1)a, t0+ka , where t0 is the beam steering start time (in milliseconds), and k is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • Step 5 Estimate the direction of the target beam and locate the transmitting device based on the measurement result of the receiving device.
  • the format of the measurement result in one measurement period (that is, the beam scanning time interval) of a certain transmitting device is as follows: (wherein, slotNo represents the time slot number, That is, each target time period in the above embodiment, RxPwr represents the receiving level, that is, the signal measurement result in the above embodiment)
  • the network positioning node maps the time slot number to the target beam pointing, and combines the position of the center of the metasurface and the hanging height (that is, the above-mentioned The position and height of the metasurface in the embodiment), the one-dimensional time data in Fig. 7 obtained for the launching device A is converted into two-dimensional space data (Fig. 8), and the measurement results are mapped to the ground of the beam scanning area. See FIG. 9 (ie, FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG. 8 ).
  • the number next to each point " ⁇ " in Figure 7 represents the time slot number, for example, the two labels in the second row in Figure 7: ⁇ 31, and ⁇ 47, where "37" and "47” represent the corresponding The time slot numbers are 31 and 47.
  • the position coordinates corresponding to each time slot number can be determined.
  • the horizontal axis and vertical axis in Fig. 8 represent the abscissa of the target area and the coordinate of the target area, respectively
  • the vertical axis (z-axis) represents the quality of the received signal
  • the predicted position of the transmitting device is the positioning result obtained by locating the transmitting device ( That is, the coordinates in the positioning result).
  • the horizontal and vertical axes in Fig. 9 represent the abscissa of the target area and the coordinates of the target area, respectively.
  • Each point " ⁇ " in Fig. 9 indicates the existence of received signal quality.
  • the specific received signal quality is shown on the vertical axis of Fig. 8. middle.
  • the one-dimensional time data obtained by measuring the received pilot signal transmitted by the transmitting device B is converted into two-dimensional spatial data (as shown in Figure 10), and the measurement results are mapped to the ground of the beam scanning area as shown in Figure 10. 11 (ie, FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. 10 ).
  • the X-coordinate and Y-coordinate of the transmitting device are estimated independently, as follows:
  • the position [xi,yi] of each virtual reflected beam on the ground is determined based on the azimuth of each beam of the metasurface and the hanging height of the metasurface (that is, the position and height of the metasurface), where i is the beam identifier, which is equal to the time slot in this embodiment No;
  • Segment the X-axis direction that is, segment the abscissa
  • the interval between each segment is 2
  • the set of coordinates corresponding to the center points of all segments is: [62,64,66,...,80 ] (that is, the abscissa set in the above embodiment);
  • the obtained coordinate set in the X-axis direction and the corresponding wireless signal quality are the respective measured data shown in FIG. 12 ;
  • the wireless signal quality is classified into the respective segments, and the coordinate set of the center point of each segment on the Y-axis is: [80, 82, 84,... , 110], according to the strongest wireless channel reception quality in each section, determine the unique dimensionality reduction reception level of this section (that is, for each ordinate yp in the ordinate set, determine the zp corresponding to this yp; the specific determination method is the same as the above-mentioned
  • the X-axis direction is handled similarly), and the result is as follows:
  • the obtained coordinate set in the Y-axis direction and the corresponding wireless signal quality are the actual measured data shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the obtained coordinate set in the X-axis direction and the corresponding wireless signal quality are the respective measured data shown in FIG. 14 ;
  • the wireless signal quality is classified into the respective segments, and the coordinate set of the center point of each segment on the Y-axis is: [80, 82, 84,... , 110], according to the strongest wireless channel reception quality in each section, determine the unique dimensionality reduction reception level of this section (that is, for each ordinate yp in the ordinate set, determine the zp corresponding to this yp), the results are as follows:
  • the obtained coordinate set in the Y-axis direction and the corresponding wireless signal quality are the actual measured data shown in FIG. 15 .
  • RxPwry1 to RxPwry16 are all schematic representations of the determined dimensionality reduction reception levels.
  • a one-dimensional Gaussian function is selected as the fitting curve, and the one-dimensional Gaussian curve fitting in the X direction and the Y direction (that is, one-dimensional Gaussian function fitting) is performed respectively; in an exemplary embodiment, the least squares fitting can be used to Determine the parameters of the one-dimensional Gaussian function corresponding to the X direction (that is, the Gaussian curve corresponding to the one-dimensional Gaussian function, see the fitting result in Figure 12), and determine the corresponding center point (that is, the vertex, the maximum value of the function).
  • the x coordinate that is, xt in the above-mentioned embodiment
  • the one-dimensional Gaussian function corresponding to the Y direction that is, the Gaussian curve corresponding to the one-dimensional Gaussian function can be determined by using least squares fitting, please refer to the fitting in FIG. 13 ). result) parameters, and determine the y-coordinate (ie, yt in the above embodiment) corresponding to its center point.
  • the position coordinates of the transmitter A obtained by positioning are: [76.2230 97.6619]m
  • the positioning error with the real coordinate position of the transmitter A as the reference target is: 0.405m.
  • the results of one-dimensional Gaussian curve fitting in the X direction and the Y direction are shown in Figure 14 and Figure 15, respectively.
  • the position coordinates of the transmitting device B obtained by positioning are: [77.7978 88.7517]m, which is the same as that as
  • the positioning error of the real coordinate position of the launcher B of the reference target is: 0.50378m. It can be seen that by using the positioning method of the embodiment of the present application, a relatively accurate positioning result can be obtained.
  • the method according to the above embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is better implementation.
  • the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or in a part that contributes to the prior art, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD-ROM), including several instructions to make a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.
  • a storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, CD-ROM
  • This embodiment also provides a positioning device for a transmitting device, the device is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementations, and what has been described will not be repeated.
  • the term "module” may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function.
  • the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, implementations in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, are also possible and contemplated.
  • FIG. 16 is a structural block diagram of a positioning device of a transmitting device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 16 , the positioning device includes:
  • the determining module 211 is configured to determine the regulation information through the receiving device, wherein the regulation information includes timing information and regulation direction information, and the regulation direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to be the same as the preset value.
  • a transmitting module 213, configured to transmit a pilot signal to the metasurface through the transmitting device, wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area;
  • the control module 215 is configured to send the control information to the metasurface control unit through the receiving device, wherein the control information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to control the metasurface during the target time period.
  • the reflection coefficient of is adjusted to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction;
  • the positioning module 217 is configured to determine a signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction, and locate the transmitting device according to the preset direction and the signal measurement result, wherein the signal measurement result is the The measurement result obtained by the receiving device measuring the received target pilot signal, the target pilot signal is received by the receiving device after being reflected by the metasurface adjusted to the target reflection coefficient, and passed through the transmitting device.
  • the transmitted pilot signal includes the target pilot signal.
  • the control information is determined by the receiving device, wherein the control information includes timing information and control direction information, and the control direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to correspond to the preset direction.
  • target reflection coefficient so that the beam from the receiving device to the metasurface direction forms a reflected beam in the preset direction on the metasurface, and the preset direction is a preset corresponding to the target time period
  • the timing information includes the target time period
  • the control direction information includes the preset direction information
  • transmitting a pilot signal wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area
  • the unit adjusts the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction during the target time period; direction and the signal measurement result to locate the transmitting device, wherein the signal measurement result is the measurement result obtained by the receiving device measuring
  • the system includes: a transmitting device, a receiving device, a metasurface control unit, a metasurface and a positioning node, wherein the receiving device is configured to determine regulation information, wherein the regulation information includes timing information and regulation direction information, the The control direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to a target reflection coefficient corresponding to a preset direction, so that a beam from the receiving device to the metasurface direction is formed on the metasurface the reflected beam in the preset direction, the preset direction is the direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the target time period, and the preset direction points to the target area, and the timing information includes the target time period,
  • the control direction information includes the preset direction information; the transmitting device is configured to transmit a pilot signal to the metasurface, wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area; the receiving device is further
  • the metasurface control unit sends the regulation information, wherein the regulation information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to correspond to the preset direction during the target time period the target reflection coefficient; the receiving device is further configured to determine a signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction; the positioning node is configured to determine a The transmitting device performs positioning, wherein the signal measurement result is a measurement result obtained by the receiving device measuring the received target pilot signal, and the target pilot signal has been adjusted to an ultra-higher reflection coefficient of the target. After the surface is reflected, it is received by the receiving device, and the pilot signal transmitted by the transmitting device includes the target pilot signal.
  • the control information is determined by the receiving device, wherein the control information includes timing information and control direction information, and the control direction information is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to correspond to the preset direction.
  • target reflection coefficient so that the beam from the receiving device to the metasurface direction forms a reflected beam in the preset direction on the metasurface, and the preset direction is a preset corresponding to the target time period
  • the timing information includes the target time period
  • the control direction information includes the preset direction information
  • transmitting a pilot signal wherein the transmitting device is located in the target area
  • the unit adjusts the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction during the target time period; direction and the signal measurement result to locate the transmitting device, wherein the signal measurement result is the measurement result obtained by the receiving device measuring
  • the above-mentioned positioning node may be the receiving apparatus, or may be other positioning equipment in the network.
  • the receiving device is further configured to determine the regulation information according to the target scanning area; wherein the receiving device is configured to determine the regulation information in the following manner: according to the target area The divided sub-regions determine a plurality of the preset direction information, and determine a plurality of the target time periods according to the plurality of the preset direction information, wherein each of the preset direction information is associated with the plurality of sub-regions.
  • the timing information includes a plurality of the target time periods, and each of the target time periods is in a one-to-one correspondence with each of the preset direction information; multiple preset directions of the target area, determine each preset direction information as one preset direction in the multiple preset directions, and determine multiple preset directions according to the multiple preset direction information each of the target time periods, wherein the timing information includes a plurality of the target time periods, and each of the target time periods is in one-to-one correspondence with each of the preset direction information.
  • the metasurface control unit is configured to: determine the target reflection coefficient according to the preset direction information; Adjusting to the target reflection coefficient to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient; wherein the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit includes at least one of the following: amplitude, phase, and polarization.
  • the receiving apparatus is further configured to: determine a target time period corresponding to each signal measurement result in the signal measurement result set, wherein the signal measurement result set includes a signal corresponding to the preset direction
  • the predetermined direction indicated by the preset direction information corresponding to the target time period is determined according to the target time period, and the signal measurement result corresponding to the target time period is determined as Signal measurement results corresponding to the preset direction.
  • the positioning node is further configured to: determine, according to the preset direction and the position and height of the metasurface, where the reflected beam corresponding to each preset direction is located.
  • the position coordinates (xi, yi) in the target area, and the value of the signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction is determined as the vertical axis coordinate zi corresponding to the position coordinate, wherein the i is the value corresponding to the position coordinate.
  • the identifier of the reflected beam corresponding to the preset direction according to the coordinate range where the target area is located, the position coordinates (xi, yi) and the corresponding vertical axis coordinate zi, perform Gaussian function fitting to obtain the fitted Gaussian function, according to the coordinates corresponding to the vertices of the fitted Gaussian function to determine the positioning result of positioning the transmitting device.
  • the positioning node is further configured to: sample the abscissa range and ordinate range where the target area is located according to preset coordinate intervals, respectively, to obtain a sampled abscissa set and ordinate Set; from the vertical axis coordinates zi corresponding to the position coordinates (xi, yi), determine the vertical axis coordinates zw corresponding to each abscissa xw in the abscissa set, and from the position coordinates ( In the vertical axis coordinates zi corresponding to xi, yi), determine the vertical axis coordinates zp corresponding to each vertical coordinate yp in the vertical coordinate set, wherein, the w and p are both positive in the interval [1, n].
  • the n is the number of samples to be sampled; according to the coordinate set (xw, zw) composed of the abscissa set and the vertical axis coordinate zw corresponding to each abscissa xw in the abscissa set function fitting to obtain the fitted first Gaussian function; and according to the coordinate set (yp, zp) composed of the vertical coordinate set and the vertical axis coordinate zp corresponding to each vertical coordinate yp in the vertical coordinate set Perform one-dimensional Gaussian function fitting to obtain the fitted second Gaussian function; determine the first coordinate xt corresponding to the vertex of the first Gaussian function, and the second coordinate yt corresponding to the vertex of the second Gaussian function, The xt and the yt are respectively determined as the abscissa and the ordinate of the positioning result, wherein the xt is the abscissa within the abscissa range, and the yt is the ordinate within the
  • the positioning node is further configured to: determine, according to the preset direction and the position and height of the metasurface, where the reflected beam corresponding to each preset direction is located.
  • the position coordinates (xi, yi) in the target area, and the value of the signal measurement result corresponding to the preset direction is determined as the vertical axis coordinate zi corresponding to the position coordinate, wherein the i is the value corresponding to the position coordinate.
  • the identifier of the reflected beam corresponding to the preset direction according to the coordinate set (xi, yi, zi) composed of the position coordinate (xi, yi) and the vertical axis coordinate zi, perform two-dimensional Gaussian function fitting to obtain the fitting The following two-dimensional Gaussian function; determine the coordinates (xt, yt) corresponding to the vertices of the two-dimensional Gaussian function, and determine the coordinates (xt, yt) as the positioning result obtained by locating the transmitting device, wherein, The xt is the abscissa within the range of the abscissa where the target area is located, and the yt is the ordinate within the range of the ordinate where the target area is located.
  • the positioning node is further configured to: determine target direction information according to a positioning result obtained by locating the transmitting device, wherein the target direction information is used to indicate the metasurface control unit The reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface is controlled according to the target direction information, so that the reflected beam formed on the metasurface by the wireless signal transmitted by the receiving device is directed to the transmitting device.
  • the method further includes: determining, by the metasurface control unit, the reflection coefficient of the target according to the input parameters; Adjusting to the target reflection coefficient to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient; or, when the preset direction information is the target reflection coefficient corresponding to the preset direction , after the control information is sent to the metasurface control unit through the receiving device, the method further includes: adjusting, by the metasurface control unit, the reflection coefficients of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface to be within the target time period the target reflection coefficient to adjust the reflection coefficient of the metasurface to the target reflection coefficient.
  • the regulation information further includes one of the following information: beam regulation start time, wherein the beam regulation start time is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to, at the beam regulation start time, Begin to control the reflection coefficient of each electromagnetic unit of the metasurface; Beam regulation end time, wherein the beam regulation end time is used to instruct the metasurface control unit to end the beam regulation end time to the metasurface Control of the reflection coefficient of the electromagnetic elements of the surface.
  • the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware, and the latter can be implemented in the following ways, but not limited to this: the above modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above modules can be combined in any combination The forms are located in different processors.
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments when running.
  • the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, a USB flash drive, a read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM for short), and a random access memory (Random Access Memory, referred to as RAM for short) , mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or CD-ROM and other media that can store computer programs.
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • Embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where a computer program is stored in the memory, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to execute the steps in any one of the above method embodiments.
  • the above-mentioned electronic device may further include a transmission device and an input-output device, wherein the transmission device is connected to the above-mentioned processor, and the input-output device is connected to the above-mentioned processor.
  • modules or steps of the present application can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, and they can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed in a network composed of multiple computing devices
  • they can be implemented in program code executable by a computing device, so that they can be stored in a storage device and executed by the computing device, and in some cases, can be performed in a different order than shown here.
  • the described steps, or they are respectively made into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps in them are made into a single integrated circuit module to realize.
  • the present application is not limited to any particular combination of hardware and software.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供了一种发射装置的定位方法及装置、系统、存储介质和电子装置，包括：通过接收装置确定调控信息，调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数；通过发射装置向超表面发射导频信号；通过接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送调控信息，调控信息用于指示超表面控制单元在目标时间段将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；确定与预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据预设方向以及信号测量结果，对发射装置进行定位。

Description

发射装置的定位方法及装置、系统、存储介质和电子装置 技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种发射装置的定位方法及装置、系统、存储介质和电子装置。
背景技术
传统阵列波束的波达方向(Direction of Arrival，简称为DOA)的估计方法包括基于多重信号分类(Multiple Signal Classification，简称为MUSIC)、旋转不变子空间(Estimating Signal parameter via Rotation Invariance Techniques,简称为ESPRIT)等方法，其基础是阵列阵子具有独立的测量功能(比如测量来波相位)。然而，对于波束可调超表面(又称为超表面，或可重构超表面)而言，这种测量功能的增加会降低反射效率并会增加成本，因此超表面通常不具备独立电磁单元的测相功能，从而导致在超表面中传统阵列的DOA估计方法均不可用。
传统的非视距定位方法包括视距重构定位方法、非视距加权定位方法、基于视距重构与平滑处理相结合的到达时间(Time of Arrival，简称为TOA)定位方法以及基于不等式约束的定位方法，其中或将非视距利用镜面原理转换为视距，或利用统计方法减小非视距分量的影响，在该定位方法中需要多个基站的协同；并且，相关技术中的指纹地图或基于全球定位系统的定位方法中，都需要另外一套定位系统的部署及相关配套，增加了成本且在部分场景中实施受限。可见，相关技术中，在定位时，需要使用多套系统以及需要其他相关技术的支持，而无法利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位。
针对相关技术中，无法利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的技术问题，尚未提出有效的技术方案。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种发射装置的定位方法及装置、系统、存储介质和电子装置，以至少解决相关技术中无法利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的技术问题。
根据本申请的一个实施例提供了一种发射装置的定位方法，包括：通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导 频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
根据本申请的另一个实施例提供了一种发射装置的定位装置，包括：确定模块，设置为通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；发射模块，设置为通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；调控模块，设置为通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；定位模块，设置为确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
根据本申请的又一个实施例提供了一种发射装置的定位系统，包括：发射装置，接收装置，超表面控制单元，超表面和定位节点，其中，所述接收装置，设置为确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；发射装置，设置为向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；所述接收装置，还设置为向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；所述接收装置，还设置为确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果；所述定位节点，设置为根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
根据本申请的又一个实施例，还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
根据本申请的又一个实施例，还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例的一种发射装置的定位方法的电子装置的硬件结构框图；
图2是本申请实施例的一种发射装置的定位方法的网络架构图；
图3是本申请实施例的一种发射装置的定位方法的流程图；
图4是本申请实施例的超表面的部署场景平面示意图；
图5是本申请实施例的接收装置记录的无线信号质量示意图；
图6是本申请另一实施例的接收装置记录的无线信号质量示意图；
图7是本申请实施例的无线信号质量对应的时隙与目标区域中的位置坐标的对应关系示意图；
图8是本申请实施例的无线信号质量与目标区域中的位置坐标的立体展示示意图；
图9是本申请实施例的无线信号质量与目标区域中的位置坐标的平面展示示意图；
图10是本申请另一实施例的无线信号质量与目标区域中的位置坐标的立体展示示意图；
图11是本申请另一实施例的无线信号质量与目标区域中的位置坐标的平面展示示意图；
图12是本申请实施例的X轴方向无线信号质量以及一维高斯函数拟合示意图；
图13是本申请实施例的Y轴方向无线信号质量以及一维高斯函数拟合示意图；
图14是本申请另一实施例的X轴方向无线信号质量以及一维高斯函数拟合示意图；
图15是本申请另一实施例的Y轴方向无线信号质量以及一维高斯函数拟合示意图；
图16是本申请实施例的发射装置的定位装置的结构框图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请的实施例。
需要说明的是，本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
本申请实施例中所提供的方法实施例可以在移动终端、计算机终端或者类似的运算装置中执行。以运行在电子装置上为例，图1是本申请实施例的一种发射装置的定位方法的电子装置的硬件结构框图。如图1所示，电子装置可以包括一个或多个(图1中仅示出一个)处理器102(处理器102可以包括但不限于微处理器MCU或可编程逻辑器件FPGA等的处理装置)和设置为存储数据的存储器104，其中，上述电子装置还可以包括设置为通信功能的传输设备106以及输入输出设备108。本领域普通技术人员可以理解，图1所示的结构仅为示意，其并不对上述电子装置的结构造成限定。例如，电子装置还可包括比图1中所示更多或者更少的组件，或者具有与图1所示不同的配置。
存储器104可设置为存储计算机程序，例如，应用软件的软件程序以及模块，如本申请实施例中的发射装置的定位方法对应的计算机程序，处理器102通过运行存储在存储器104内的计算机程序，从而执行各种功能应用以及数据处理，即实现上述的方法。存储器104可包括高速随机存储器，还可包括非易失性存储器，如一个或者多个磁性存储装置、闪存、或者其他非易失性固态存储器。在一些实例中，存储器104可进一步包括相对于处理器102远程设置的存储器，这些远程存储器可以通过网络连接至电子装置。上述网络的实例包括但不限于互联网、企业内部网、局域网、移动通信网及其组合。
传输装置106设置为经由一个网络接收或者发送数据。上述的网络具体实例可包括通信供应商提供的无线网络。在一个实例中，传输装置106包括一个网络适配器(Network Interface Controller，简称为NIC)，其可与其他网络设备相连从而可与互联网进行通讯。 在一个实例中，传输装置106可以为射频(Radio Frequency，简称为RF)模块，其设置为通过无线方式与互联网进行通讯。
本申请实施例可以运行于图2所示的网络架构上，如图2所示，该网络架构包括：发射装置(例如，终端，其中图2中显示存在两个发射装置，即发射装置A(即终端A)和发射装置B(即终端B))，波束可调超表面控制单元(即对应本申请实施例中的超表面控制单元，或称为超表面控制设备或超表面控制装置)、波束可调超表面(即本申请实施例中的超表面，又被称为可重构超表面)、接收装置(例如，基站)。其中，接收装置包括无线射频单元或天线，接收装置设置为规划、配置以及接收特定无线信号，例如接收装置接收由发射装置发射并经过超表面反射后的特定无线信号(即本申请实施例中的目标导频信号)。超表面控制单元，设置为控制超表面中的各电磁单元(或称为电磁反射单元)的反射系数；超表面，由多组反射系数可控的电磁单元所组成，通过控制各电磁单元的反射系数，超表面可以形成预定的反射波束天线方向图(即在超表面上形成预设方向的反射波束)；发射装置，设置为发射特定无线信号(即目标导频信号)；接收装置，还设置为对接收的目标导频信号进行测量、记录或分析。其中，发射装置发射的目标导频信号是由接收装置(例如，基站)预先规划并配置的，并且不同的发射装置对应的目标导频信号是不同的，即接收装置在接收到目标导频信号后可以根据目标导频信号对不同的发射装置进行区分。
在本实施例中提供了一种运行于上述网络架构的发射装置的定位方法，图3是本申请实施例的一种发射装置的定位方法的流程图，如图3所示，该流程包括如下步骤：
步骤S302，通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；
步骤S304，通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；
步骤S306，通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；
步骤S308，确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
通过上述步骤，通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形 成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。因此，可以解决相关技术中无法利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的技术问题，达到了利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的效果。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，使用一套系统(即利用一个基站和超表面)，并且利用超表面本身的能力就可实现对发射装置(即终端)的定位，从而能够通过使用一个基站并使用超表面本身的特性就能够完成对发射装置的定位。
在上述实施例中，信号测量结果可以是信号质量、信号场强电平或信号接收功率。
步骤S304和步骤S306的执行顺序是可以互换的，即可以先执行步骤S306，然后再执行S304。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述通过接收装置确定调控信息，包括根据所述目标扫描区域确定所述调控信息；其中，所述根据所述目标扫描区域确定所述调控信息，包括：根据所述目标区域划分得到的多个子区域确定多个所述预设方向信息，以及根据多个所述预设方向信息确定多个所述目标时间段，其中，每个所述预设方向信息与所述多个子区域中的每个子区域一一对应，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应；或者，确定用于指向所述目标区域的多个所述预设方向，并将每个所述预设方向信息确定为多个所述预设方向中的一个预设方向，以及根据多个所述预设方向信息确定所述时序信息，其中，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应。
在上述实施例中，可以通过接收装置将目标区域划分为多个子区域，例如，将目标区域划分为子区域1，子区域2，以及子区域3等，并根据划分出的多个子区域确定与每个子区域分别一一对应的预设方向信息，例如预设方向信息1，预设方向信息2，以及预设方向信息3等。其中，所述预设方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元调整超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数，以使在超表面上形成的反射波束指向该预设方向信息对应的子区域，其中，反射波束为从接收装置至超表面方向的波束在该超表面形成的反射波束(又称为虚拟反射波束)。因此通过控制超表面使反射波束依次指向目标区域中的各个子区域，从而实现接收装置对目标区域的扫描。在一个示例性实施例中，接收装置可以根据对目标区域中的子区域的扫描顺序确定与每个子区域对应的预设方向信息，以及根据确定出的预设方向信息确定时序信息(即确定出多个目标时间段，其中，每个目标时间段均具有对应的预设方向信息)，例如确定出的多个预设方向信息为预设方向信息1，预设方向信息2，以及预设方向信息3，则时序信息包括按照时间顺序排列的目标时间段1，目标时间段2以及目标时间段3,其中，目标时间段1对应预设 方向信息1，目标时间段2对应预设方向信息2，目标时间段3对应预设方向信息3。
在上述实施例中，接收装置可以直接在目标区域中确定多个预设方向，例如在目标区域中，确定指向目标区域的某一位置的第一预设方向，以及确定指向目标区域的另一位置的第二预设方向，即确定出多个预设方向，并将每个预设方向信息确定为多个预设方向中的一个预设方向，即可以将一个预设方向本身作为一个预设方向信息。在确定出多个预设方向信息后，接收装置可以根据对目标区域的位置的扫描顺序，确定出与扫描顺序对应的目标时间段。例如，时序信息包括了目标时间段1和目标时间段2，其中，目标时间段1对应预设方向信息1，目标时间段2对应预设方向信息2。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，目标时间段可以是时隙号(即时隙序号)对应的时间段，时序信息可以是时隙号对应的时间段(即相应时隙对应的时间段)组成的集合，即时序信息中包括了按照时间顺序排列的多个时隙所对应的时间段。并且，在通过接收装置向超表面控制发送的调控信息中，时序信息包括了多个目标时间段，调控方向信息中包括了多个预设方向信息，并且，时序信息中的每个目标时间段与调控方向信息中的每个预设方向信息一一对应。因此，本申请实施例中，通过向超表面控制单元发送调控信息，从而可以指示所述超表面控制单元在目标时间段，将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述目标反射系数；以及在该目标时间段的下一个目标时间段到达时(例如，到达下一个目标时间段的起始时间)，通过所述超表面控制单元将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与下一个目标反射系数，其中所述下一个目标反射系数为与下一个预设方向对应的反射系数，所述下一个预设方向为与所述下一个目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向。从而实现了通过超表面控制单元在时序信息中的某一目标时间段，将所述超表面的反射系数调整至相应的反射系数，其中，相应的反射系数为与该某一目标时间段对应的预设方向信息所指示的预设方向对应的反射系数。
在一个示例性实施例中，在所述通过接收装置向超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：通过所述超表面控制单元根据所述预设方向信息确定所述目标反射系数；通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数；其中，所述各电磁单元的反射系数包括以下至少之一：幅度、相位、极化。即各电磁单元的反射系数可以是幅度、相位、极化中的任意组合。
在一个示例性实施例中，在所述预设方向信息为与所述预设方向对应的输入参数的情况下，在所述通过接收装置向超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：通过所述超表面控制单元根据所述输入参数确定所述目标反射系数；通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数；或者，在所述预设方向信息为与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数的情况下，在所述通过接收装置向超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数，以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述调控信息还包括以下信息之一：波束调控开始时间，其中，所述波束调控开始时间用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述波束调控开始时间时，开始控制 所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数；波束调控结束时间，其中，所述波束调控结束时间用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述波束调控结束时间时，结束对所述超表面的所述各电磁单元的反射系数的控制。
其中，所述超表面控制单元还设置为在所述波束调控开始时间时，根据所述时序信息中的第一个目标时间段，将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与第一预设方向对应的目标反射系数，其中，第一预设方向为与第一个目标时间段对应的预设方向信息所指示的方向。
在一个可选实施例中，时序信息中的各个目标时间段组成了一段连续的时间，并且时序信息中的第一个目标时间段的起始时间为所述波束调控开始时间，最后一个目标时间段的结束时间为所述波束调控结束时间，并且每个中间目标时间段(即位于第一个目标时间段和最后一个目标时间段之间的目标时间段)的结束时间为下一个目标时间段的起始时间。例如，时序信息中包括了目标时间段1至目标时间段3，其中，目标时间段1的结束时间为目标时间段2的起始时间，目标时间段2的结束时间为目标时间段3的起始时间，并且目标时间段1的起始时间为所述波束调控开始时间，目标时间段3的结束时间为所述波束调控结束时间。
在一个示例性实施例中，上述时序信息可以是时隙对应的时间段的集合(例如，第1时隙对应的时间段至第180时隙对应的时间段)，并且目标时间段为目标时序序号(又称为目标时隙，或目标时隙号，例如第1时隙至第180时隙中的其中一个时隙))所对应的时间段。并且，发射装置记录目标时间段以及在目标时间段内发射的导频信号的对应关系，并且接收装置在接收到目标导频信号时，同时记录目标时间段以及在目标时间段内接收到的目标导频信号的对应关系。需要说明的是，发射装置记录的目标时间段以及在目标时间段内发射的导频信号的对应关系，与接收装置记录的目标时间段以及在目标时间段内接收到的目标导频信号的对应关系是一致的。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，包括：确定信号测量结果集合中的各个信号测量结果对应的目标时间段，其中，所述信号测量结果集合包括与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果；根据所述目标时间段确定出与所述目标时间段对应的所述预设方向信息所指示的所述预设方向，将与所述目标时间段对应的信号测量结果确定为与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果。
其中，在上述实施例中，接收装置在接收到目标导频信号时，记录该目标导频信号对应的目标时间段(例如第1个时隙对应的时间段)，并对目标导频信号进行信号测量得到信号测量结果，信号测量结果可以是信号质量，信号场强电平或信号接收功率。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，包括：根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；根据所述目标区域所在的坐标范围、所述位置坐标(xi，yi)以及所述对应的竖轴坐标zi进行高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的高斯函数，根据所述拟合后的高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标确定对所述发射装置进行定位的定位结果。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述根据所述目标区域所在的坐标范围、所述位置坐标(xi，yi)以及所述对应的竖轴坐标zi进行高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的高斯函数，根据所述拟合后的高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标确定对所述发射装置进行定位的定位结果，包括：对所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围和纵坐标范围分别按照预设坐标间隔进行抽样，得到抽样后的横坐标集合和纵坐标集合；从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中，确定与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw，以及从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中确定与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp，其中，所述w和p均为区间[1,n]中的正整数，所述n为抽样的样本数；根据所述横坐标集合和与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw组成的坐标集合(xw，zw)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第一高斯函数；并根据所述纵坐标集合和与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp组成的坐标集合(yp，zp)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第二高斯函数；确定所述第一高斯函数的顶点对应的第一坐标xt，以及所述第二高斯函数的顶点对应的第二坐标yt，将所述xt和所述yt分别确定为所述定位结果的横坐标和纵坐标，其中，所述xt为所述横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
例如，目标区域为：横坐标在[xs,xe]区间范围内，纵坐标在[ys,ye]区间范围内的区域，其中，xs、xe、ys、ye均为实数，且xe＞xs，ye＞ys，对该目标区域所在的横坐标范围和纵坐标范围分别按照预设坐标间隔进行抽样，得到抽样后的横坐标集合和纵坐标集合，则上述实施例中，xs≤xw≤xe，ys≤yp≤ye；并且得到的定位结果中，xs≤xt≤xe，ys≤yt≤ye。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，可以通过两个一维高斯函数拟合的方式(即分别进行两个一维高斯曲线的拟合得到两个一维高斯函数，每个一维高斯函数对应一条高斯曲线)，分别确定出两个一维高斯函数的顶点(即高斯函数的最大值，也是高斯函数对应的高斯曲线的最大值)所对应的坐标(即，高斯函数取最大值时对应的输入)，从而确定出发射装置的位置坐标(即确定出定位结果)。
其中，所述从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中，确定与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw，以及从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中确定与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp，包括：确定所述位置坐标(xi，yi)中横坐标为xw的所有位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标，将所述横坐标为xw的所有位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标中的最大值确定为与所述横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw；以及确定所述位置坐标(xi，yi)中纵坐标为yp的所有位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标，将所述纵坐标为yp的所有位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标中的最大值确定为与所述纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，包括：根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；根据所述位置坐标(xi，yi)和所述竖轴坐标zi组成的坐标集合(xi，yi，zi)进行二维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的二维高斯函数；确定所述二维高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标(xt，yt)，将所述坐标(xt，yt)确定为对所述发射装置进行定位 得到的定位结果，其中，所述xt为所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述目标区域所在的纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
例如，目标区域对应的横坐标范围为[xs,xe]，纵坐标范围为[ys,ye]，其中，xs、xe、ys、ye均为实数，且xe＞xs，ye＞ys，则得到的定位结果中：xs≤xt≤xe，ys≤yt≤ye。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，可以通过二维高斯函数拟合的方式(即进行高斯曲面的拟合)，确定出发射装置的位置坐标。其中，可以使用最小二乘法、最小均方误差法来实现拟合。
在一个示例性实施例中，在所述确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位之后，所述方法还包括：根据对所述发射装置进行定位得到的定位结果，确定目标方向信息，其中，所述目标方向信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元根据所述目标方向信息控制所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数，以使所述接收装置发射的无线信号在所述超表面上形成的反射波束指向所述发射装置。
其中，在确定目标方向信息之后，所述接收装置将所述目标方向信息发送给所述超表面控制单元，以指示所述超表面控制单元根据所述目标方向信息控制所述超表面的反射系数，从而以使接收装置(即基站)发射的无线信号在所述超表面上形成的反射波束指向所述发射装置，从而使基站发射的无线信号能够准确的到达终端侧。
以下结合一示例对上述实施例中的发射装置的定位方法进行解释说明，但不用于限定本申请实施例的技术方案。
在相关技术中，利用波束可调超表面(又称为可重构超表面，即上述实施例中的超表面)来增强移动网络的非直射径地区覆盖是一个非常有效且低成本的方法。本申请将给出相关的方法，可以利用超表面本身的特点实现目标波束方位的精确对准，从而使得超表面的部署方案自完备；并且，在超表面覆盖增强的非直射径区域中，实现终端位置的精确定位。即本申请实施例中，实现了利用超表面的部署实现利用单站(即单个基站)进行非直视径终端定位。
在本申请实施例中，主要涉及以下节点：
接收装置，设置为确定波束扫描规划，并通过无线射频单元将波束扫描规划的相关信息发送给发送装置，其中，波束扫描规划的相关信息包括波束扫描时间区间(其中，该波束扫描时间区间为上述实施例中的波束调控开始时间至波束调控结束时间之间的时间区间)、发射装置的特定导频序列(即上述实施例中的目标导频信号)及相关的时频资源等；其中，所述确定波束扫描规划是指接收装置对目标区域进行网格划分或目标波束指向规划，并将目标区域的二维空间域规划转换为一维时间域规划的过程。例如，接收装置根据对目标区域中的网格(即上述实施例中的子区域)的扫描顺序，确定出对应于时间顺序(该时间顺序即上述实施例中的时序信息)的各个网格，并确定与每个网格对应的预设方向信息。即在上述实施例中，每个预设方向信息均具有对应的目标时间段。在一个示例性实施例中，接收装置还将波束调控开始时间和波束调控结束时间发送给发射装置。
发射装置，设置为在波束扫描时间区间内，按照接收装置配置的时频资源发射目标导频信号，其中，在发射目标导频信号时，通过发射装置中的无线射频单元调节波束，并使发射的波束对准超表面(将目标导频信号发射至超表面)。需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，发射 装置发射的导频序列(即上述实施例中的目标导频信号)是发射装置及接收装置均预先已知的、并能够用于区分不同发射装置的编码序列，该编码序列具有良好的自相关及互相关特性。
接收装置，还设置为通过超表面控制单元在波束扫描时间区间内控制超表面，即在目标时间段将超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至与该目标时间段对应的目标反射系数，从而实现在波束扫描区间内对目标区域的扫描；
接收装置，还设置为基于接收到的导频序列可以进行发射装置的识别并进行无线信号强度的测量(即上述实施例中的信号测量结果)。其中，在同一时刻，多个发射装置可以同时发射导频信号。
其中，所述通过超控制单元控制超表面，包括：接收装置通过接收装置与超表面控制单元之间的接口，将调控信息发给超控制单元，调控信息包括但不限于以下内容：波束调控起始时间、波束调控方向、各电磁单元的目标反射系数、用于确定各电磁单元的目标反射系数的输入参数，时序信息、波束调控结束时间等。其中，调控信息可以是待调节至的波束目标，也可以是对超表面各电磁单元的调控指令，当这些指令作用于各电磁单元时，可以使各电磁单元进行反射系数(又被称为输入反射系数)的改变或调整，从而使超表面中各电磁单元的反射系数调整至与目标时间段对应的目标反射系数。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，接收装置可以预先确定调控信息(其中包括用于使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成预设方向的反射波束的预设方向信息)，并在确定调控信息后，通过超表面控制单元在波束扫描区间根据该调控信息对超表面进行控制。其中，在根据调控信息对超表面进行控制时，接收装置不向超表面发射信号，此时不存在由接收装置发射至超表面的信号。即在本申请实施例中，通过对超表面的反射系数调整至目标反射系数，是为了将超表面的状态调整至产生沿着预设方向的虚拟反射波束的状态，而该虚拟反射波束是通过模拟接收装置向超表面发射无线信号时在该超表面形成的反射波束，即接收装置向超表面发射的无线信号是模拟出的信号，接收装置实际上并不需要发射该无线信号。因此，在本申请实施例中，在接收装置确定出调控信息之后，对发射装置进行定位时不需要接收装置向超表面发射无线信号。
基于上述实施例，通过对超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数的调整，从而可以使超表面反射的虚拟主波束(即上述的虚拟反射波束)按照预定时间段(即上述实施例中的时序信息中的目标时间段)指向不同的目标方位(即上述实施例中的预设方向)，从而实现对目标区域的扫描。
在上述实施例中，接收装置测量并记录波束扫描区间内各发射装置发射的目标导频信号的无线信号质量，即接收装置在该波束扫描区间，基于已知的目标导频信号测量接收到的目标导频信号的信号质量，并记录各信号质量与对应的目标时间段，即接收装置记录的信号测量结果组成的信号测量结果集合是按照时间顺序排列的各个无线信号质量(即信号测量结果集合是一个时间序列数据)，并且各个信号测量结果与超表面的波束调控时序相对应(即信号测量结果集合中的各个信号测量结果对应的目标时间段组成的时序信息与用于控制超表面的时序信息一致)。
在本申请实施例中，接收装置还设置为基于接收装置的测量结果(即上述实施例中的信号测量结果)进行目标波束方向的估计和发射装置的位置定位。
其中，所述基于接收装置的测量结果进行目标波束方向的估计和发射装置的位置定位包 括以下步骤：(1)基于接收装置的测量结果与超表面的波束调控时序，确定在超表面的主调控波束指向不同方位时，接收装置所测量针对某一终端的无线信号质量；(2)基于主调控波束不同方位的无线信号质量进行该终端位置估计和目标波束方位的估计。其中，第(2)步的具体实施可在接收装置或其他网络定位设备中进行。
在对终端位置进行定位时，可以基于超表面波束指向及相关测量结果，将一维时间数据转化为二维空间数据，例如通过二维曲面拟合算法来确定终端位置。所述二维曲面拟合算法包括但并不限定于二维高斯分布曲面，最小二乘法、最小均方误差法等方法，或者，利用两个独立的降维到一维的高斯曲线进行拟合。
图4是本申请实施例的超表面的部署场景平面示意图，其中示出了波束扫描区域(即上述实施例中的目标区域)以及波束可调超表面(即上述实施例中的超表面)。在本申请一个示例性的应用场景中，
接收装置(即图4中基站的无线射频接收单元所位于的基站)的各个部署参数如下：
接收装置的天线(即无线射频单元)安装在挂高为43米的建筑物顶部(即接收装置的天线的位置高度为43米)；
接收装置的无线射频发射单元中心点的坐标为：[0,0,43](单位为米：m)；
水平方位角Az＝120度；
俯仰角EL＝10度；
旋转角SL＝0度。
超表面的各个部署参数如下：
超表面的中心点位置：[21.67,133.2,36.2](单位为m)(即上述实施例中的超表面的位置及高度)；
水平方位角Az＝-60度；
俯仰角EL＝0度；
旋转角SL＝0度。
其中，发射装置和超表面的参数配置如下：
载波频率Fc＝28GHz；
极化：垂直极化；
基站等效全向辐射功率(Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power，简称为EIRP)为43dBm
超表面的尺寸：长20λ×宽20λ，λ为载频的波长；
超表面控制单元尺寸：
Figure PCTCN2021093459-appb-000001
超表面相位控制粒度：2-bits(即使用2个比特来指示超表面的相位，从而存在4个可选相位：[0,π/2,π,3π/2](单位为：弧度)；
子载波间隔(Sub-Carrier Space，简称为SCS):30kHz；
无线帧长：10ms；
每无线帧时隙(slot)数目：20；
接收装置设置扫描波束更新频率：每时隙。
在对本申请实施例中的发射装置的定位方法的定位准确性进行测试时，使用目标区域中的位置坐标为[78,88](单位米：m)处的发射装置A，以及位置坐标为[76,98](单位m)处的发射装置B为参考，对本申请实施例中的定位方法的定位准确性进行测试。
在本申请实施例中，该定位方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1、接收装置确定波束扫描规划:从第1时隙(第1时隙对应的时间段即第一个目标时间段,同时该第一个目标时间段的起始时间也对应于上述实施例中的波束调控开始时间)开始至第180时隙(即第180个目标时间段,也是时序信息中的最后一个目标时间段，该最后一个目标时间段的结束时间也对应于上述实施例中的波束调控结束时间)，进行图4中波束扫描区域(即上述实施例中的目标区域)的波束扫描，接收装置通过接收装置的无线射频单元将波束扫描规划的相关信息发送给发射装置，其中，相关信息包括：时序信息中的各个目标时间段(其中，时序信息中的第一个目标时间段的起始时间(同时也是波束调控开始时间)，最后一个目标时间段的结束时间(即波束调控结束时间)，波束调控开始时间至波束调控结束时间的时间段为波束调控时间区间)、发射装置特定导频序列(即发射装置对应的目标导频信号)及相关的时频资源等；
步骤2、发射装置的无线射频单元调节波束对准超表面，并在波束扫描的时间区内按照接收装置配置的时频资源发射导频序列信号(即上述实施例中的目标导频信号)，不同发射装置的导频序列信号可以通过频分或码分等进行区分；
步骤3、接收装置通过超表面控制单元对超表面的虚拟波束方向进行控制超表面的波束扫描的方位更新的频度为每时隙，在某时隙(即该时隙对应的时间段内)，虚拟反射波束沿着某一预设方向到达波束扫描区域。每次更新后波束将对准下一个新的预定方位(即上述实施例中的预设方向)。
步骤4、接收装置在波束扫描时间区间内测量并记录相关发射装置发射的无线导频信号的无线信号质量，其结果见图5及图6所示。其中，图5示出了接收装置对接收到的发射装置A发射的目标导频信号进行测量得到的信号接收强度，图6示出了接收装置对接收到的发射装置B发射的目标导频信号进行测量得到的信号接收强度，图5以及图6中的横轴为按照顺序排列的各个时隙。其中，由于每个时隙具有一定的时长，从而每个时隙可以对应一个时间段(即上述实施例中的目标时间段)。例如，时隙长度为a(单位为毫秒)，则时序信息中的第k个目标时间段(即第k个时隙对应的时间段)为t0+(k-1)a,t0+ka之间的时间段，其中，t0为波束调控开始时间(单位为毫秒)，k为大于或等于1的整数。
步骤5、基于接收装置的测量结果进行目标波束方向的估计和发射装置的定位。
其中，在进行发射装置的定位时，针对某一个发射装置(例如，发射装置A)的一个测量周期(即波束扫描时间区间)内的测量结果的格式如下：(其中，slotNo表示时隙号，即上述实施例中的各个目标时间段，RxPwr表示接收电平，即上述实施例中的信号测量结果)
slotNo 1：RxPwr-130；(即在第一个目标时间段(即第1时隙对应的时间段)，接收到的目标导频信号的信号场强电平是-130dBm)
…
slotNo 57:RxPwr-87.31；
…
网络定位节点(该网络定位节点可以是接收装置，也可以是网络中不同于接收装置的网 络定位设备)将时隙号映射为目标波束指向，并结合超表面中心的位置和挂高(即上述实施例中的超表面的位置和高度)，将针对发射装置A得到的图7中的一维时间数据转化为二维空间数据(图8)，同时将测量结果映射到波束扫描区域的地面见图9(即图9是图8的平面图)。其中，图7的每个点“·”旁边的数字表示时隙号，例如图7中第二行的两个标注：·31,和·47，其中的“37”和“47”分别表示对应的时隙号为31，和47，根据图7，能够确定出与每个时隙号对应的位置坐标。图8中的横轴和纵轴分别表示目标区域的横坐标和目标区域的坐标，竖轴(z轴)表示接收信号质量，其中的发射装置预测位置为对发射装置进行定位得到的定位结果(即定位结果中的坐标)。图9中的横轴和纵轴分别表示目标区域的横坐标和目标区域的坐标，图9的每个点“·”表示存在接收信号质量，具体的接收信号质量显示在图8的竖轴坐标中。
并且，针对接收到的由发射装置B发射的导频信号进行测量得到的一维时间数据，转化为二维空间数据(图10所示)，同时将测量结果映射到波束扫描区域的地面见图11(即图11是图10的平面图)。
利用降维方法，分别独立的估计发射装置的X坐标及Y坐标，具体如下：
基于超表面各波束方位及超表面的挂高(即超表面的位置及高度)确定各虚拟反射波束在地面的位置[xi,yi],其中i为波束标识，在本实施例中等于时隙号；
1、按x轴及y轴两个方向进行数据降维：
(1)将X轴方向进行分段(即对横坐标进行分段)，各段间隔为2，所有分段的中心点对应的坐标组成的集合为：[62,64,66,…,80](即上述实施例中的横坐标集合)；
(2)将Y轴方向进行分段(即对纵坐标进行分段)，各段间隔为2，所有分段的中心点对应的坐标组成的集合为：[80,82,84,…,110](即上述实施例中的纵坐标集合)；
2、确定每段的降维接收电平
(1)对于图8中所有的二维数据，执行以下操作(即对接收到的由发射装置A发射的目标导频信号进行测量得到的无线信号接收质量执行以下处理)：按照X方向分段的结果，对于X轴各分段的中心点对应的坐标组成的集合[62,64,66,…,80]，确定其中每个中心点的坐标对应的降维接收电平(在一个示例性实施例中，将每段中最强的无线信号接收质量确定该段唯一的降维接收电平，即对于某一中心点的坐标xw，确定该坐标xw对应的无线信号接收质量(即接收电平)的最大值(即zw))，结果如下：
[62,RxPwrx1；
64,RxPwrx2；
66,RxPwrx3；
…,；
80，RxPwrx10]
得到的X轴方向的坐标集合以及对应的无线信号质量为图12所示中的各个实测数据；
对于图8中所有的二维数据，按照Y方向分段的结果，将无线信号质量分别归到各自的段中，Y轴各段的中心点的坐标集合为：[80,82,84,…,110]，根据每段中最强无线信道接收质量确定该段唯一的降维接收电平(即对于纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp，确定该yp对应的zp；具体确定方式与上述X轴方向的处理方式类似)，结果如下：
[80,RxPwry1
82,RxPwry2
84,RxPwry3
…,
110，RxPwry16]
得到的Y轴方向的坐标集合以及对应的无线信号质量为图13所示中的各个实测数据。
(2)对于图10中所有的二维数据，执行以下操作(即对接收到的由发射装置B发射的目标导频信号进行测量得到的无线信号接收质量执行以下处理)：按照X方向分段的结果，对于X轴各分段的中心点对应的坐标集合[62,64,66,…,80]，确定其中每个中心点的坐标对应的降维接收电平(在一个示例性实施例中，将每段中最强的无线信号接收质量确定该段唯一的降维接收电平，即对于某一中心点的坐标xw，确定该坐标xw对应的无线信号接收质量(即接收电平)的最大值(即zw))，结果如下：
[62,RxPwrx1；
64,RxPwrx2；
66,RxPwrx3；
…,；
80，RxPwrx10]
得到的X轴方向的坐标集合以及对应的无线信号质量为图14所示中的各个实测数据；
对于图10中所有的二维数据，按照Y方向分段的结果，将无线信号质量分别归到各自的段中，Y轴各段的中心点的坐标集合为：[80,82,84,…,110]，根据每段中最强无线信道接收质量确定该段唯一的降维接收电平(即对于纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp，确定该yp对应的zp)，结果如下：
[80,RxPwry1
82,RxPwry2
84,RxPwry3
…,
110，RxPwry16]
得到的Y轴方向的坐标集合以及对应的无线信号质量为图15所示中的各个实测数据。
需要说明的是，上述RxPwry1至RxPwry16均是对确定出的降维接收电平的示意性表示。
(5)定位结果及误差
选一维高斯函数作为拟合曲线，分别进行X方向和Y方向的一维高斯曲线拟合(即一维高斯函数拟合)；在一个示例性实施例中，可以利用最小二乘拟合来分别确定X方向对应的一维高斯函数(即一维高斯函数对应的高斯曲线，可参见图12中的拟合结果)的参数，以及确定其中心点(即顶点，函数的最大值)对应的x坐标(即上述实施例中的xt)；以及，可以利用最小二乘拟合来确定Y方向对应的一维高斯函数(即一维高斯函数对应的高斯曲线，可参见图13中的拟合结果)的参数，以及确定其中心点对应的y坐标(即上述实施例中的yt)。根据本申请实施例中的定位方法，定位得到的发射装置A的位置坐标为：[76.2230 97.6619]m，其与作为参考目标的发射装置A的真实坐标位置的定位误差为：0.405m。
针对发射装置B，进行X方向和Y方向的一维高斯曲线拟合的结果分别如图14和图15所示，定位得到的发射装置B的位置坐标为：[77.7978 88.7517]m，其与作为参考目标的 发射装置B的真实坐标位置的定位误差为：0.50378m。可见，使用本申请实施例的定位方法，可以得到较为准确的定位结果。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述的方法。
在本实施例中还提供了一种发射装置的定位装置，该装置用于实现上述实施例及优选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。如以下所使用的，术语“模块”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管以下实施例所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
图16是本申请实施例的发射装置的定位装置的结构框图，如图16所示，该定位装置包括：
确定模块211，设置为通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；
发射模块213，设置为通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；
调控模块215，设置为通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；
定位模块217，设置为确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
通过本申请，通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中， 所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。因此，可以解决相关技术中无法利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的技术问题，达到了利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的效果。
在本实施例中还提供了一种接收装置的定位系统，该系统用于实现上述实施例及优选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。该系统包括：发射装置，接收装置，超表面控制单元，超表面和定位节点，其中，所述接收装置，设置为确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；发射装置，设置为向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；所述接收装置，还设置为向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；所述接收装置，还设置为确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果；所述定位节点，设置为根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
通过本申请，通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。因此，可以解决相关技术中无法利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的技术问题，达到了利用超表面本身的特性进行终端的定位的效果。
需要说明的是，上述定位节点可以是所述接收装置，也可以是网络中的其他定位设备。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述接收装置，还设置为根据所述目标扫描区域确定所述调控信息；其中，所述接收装置设置为通过以下方式确定所述调控信息：根据所述目标区域划分得到的多个子区域确定多个所述预设方向信息，以及根据多个所述预设方向信息确定多个所述目标时间段，其中，每个所述预设方向信息与所述多个子区域中的每个子区域一一对应，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应；或者，确定用于指向所述目标区域的多个所述预设方向，并将每个所述预设方向信息确定为多个所述预设方向中的一个预设方向，以及根据多个所述预设方向信息确定多个所述目标时间段，其中，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述超表面控制单元，设置为：根据所述预设方向信息确定所述目标反射系数；在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数；其中，所述各电磁单元的反射系数包括以下至少之一：幅度、相位、极化。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述接收装置，还设置为：确定信号测量结果集合中的各个信号测量结果对应的目标时间段，其中，所述信号测量结果集合包括与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果；根据所述目标时间段确定出与所述目标时间段对应的所述预设方向信息所指示的所述预设方向，将与所述目标时间段对应的信号测量结果确定为与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述定位节点，还设置为：根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；根据所述目标区域所在的坐标范围、所述位置坐标(xi，yi)以及所述对应的竖轴坐标zi进行高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的高斯函数，根据所述拟合后的高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标确定对所述发射装置进行定位的定位结果。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述定位节点，还设置为：对所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围和纵坐标范围分别按照预设坐标间隔进行抽样，得到抽样后的横坐标集合和纵坐标集合；从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中，确定与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw，以及从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中确定与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp，其中，所述w和p均为区间[1,n]中的正整数，所述n为抽样的样本数；根据所述横坐标集合和与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw组成的坐标集合(xw，zw)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第一高斯函数；并根据所述纵坐标集合和与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp组成的坐标集合(yp，zp)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第二高斯函数；确定所述第一高斯函数的顶点对应的第一坐标xt，以及所述第二高斯函数的顶点对应的第二坐标yt，将所述xt和所述yt分别确定为所述定位结果的横坐标和纵坐标，其中，所述xt为所述横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述定位节点，还设置为：根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；根据所述位置坐标(xi，yi)和所述竖轴坐标zi组成的坐标集合(xi，yi，zi)进行二维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的二维高斯函数；确定所述二维高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标(xt，yt)，将所述坐标(xt，yt)确定为对所述发射装置进行定位得到的定位结果，其中，所述xt为所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述目标区域所在的纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述定位节点还设置为：根据对所述发射装置进行定位得到的定位结果，确定目标方向信息，其中，所述目标方向信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元根据所述目标方向信息控制所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数，以使所述接收装置发射的无线信号在所述超表面上形成的反射波束指向所述发射装置。
在一个示例性实施例中，在所述预设方向信息为与所述预设方向对应的输入参数的情况下，在所述通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：通过所述超表面控制单元根据所述输入参数确定所述目标反射系数；通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数；或者，在所述预设方向信息为与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数的情况下，在所述通过接收装置向超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数，以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数。
在一个示例性实施例中，所述调控信息还包括以下信息之一：波束调控开始时间，其中，所述波束调控开始时间用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述波束调控开始时间时，开始控制所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数；波束调控结束时间，其中，所述波束调控结束时间用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述波束调控结束时间时，结束对所述超表面的所述各电磁单元的反射系数的控制。
需要说明的是，上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的，对于后者，可以通过以下方式实现，但不限于此：上述模块均位于同一处理器中；或者，上述各个模块以任意组合的形式分别位于不同的处理器中。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，该计算机程序被设置为运行时执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
在一个示例性实施例中，上述计算机可读存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称为ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称为RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储计算机程序的介质。
本申请的实施例还提供了一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，该存储器中存储有计算机程序，该处理器被设置为运行计算机程序以执行上述任一项方法实施例中的步骤。
在一个示例性实施例中，上述电子装置还可以包括传输设备以及输入输出设备，其中，该传输设备和上述处理器连接，该输入输出设备和上述处理器连接。
本实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及示例性实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本申请的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本申请不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种发射装置的定位方法，包括：
    通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；
    通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；
    通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；
    确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述通过接收装置确定调控信息，包括根据所述目标扫描区域确定所述调控信息；
    其中，所述根据所述目标扫描区域确定所述调控信息，包括：
    根据所述目标区域划分得到的多个子区域确定多个所述预设方向信息，以及根据多个所述预设方向信息确定多个所述目标时间段，其中，每个所述预设方向信息与所述多个子区域中的每个子区域一一对应，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应；或者，确定用于指向所述目标区域的多个所述预设方向，并将每个所述预设方向信息确定为多个所述预设方向中的一个预设方向，以及根据多个所述预设方向信息确定多个所述目标时间段，其中，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述超表面控制单元根据所述预设方向信息确定所述目标反射系数；
    通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数；
    其中，所述各电磁单元的反射系数包括以下至少之一：幅度、相位、极化。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述预设方向信息为与所述预设方向对应的输 入参数的情况下，在所述通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述超表面控制单元根据所述输入参数确定所述目标反射系数；
    通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数；或者，
    在所述预设方向信息为与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数的情况下，在所述通过接收装置向超表面控制单元发送调控信息之后，所述方法还包括：
    通过所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数，以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述调控信息还包括以下信息之一：
    波束调控开始时间，其中，所述波束调控开始时间用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述波束调控开始时间时，开始控制所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数；
    波束调控结束时间，其中，所述波束调控结束时间用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述波束调控结束时间时，结束对所述超表面的所述各电磁单元的反射系数的控制。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，包括：
    确定信号测量结果集合中的各个信号测量结果对应的目标时间段，其中，所述信号测量结果集合包括与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果；
    根据所述目标时间段确定出与所述目标时间段对应的所述预设方向信息所指示的所述预设方向，将与所述目标时间段对应的信号测量结果确定为与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，包括：
    根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；
    根据所述目标区域所在的坐标范围、所述位置坐标(xi，yi)以及所述对应的竖轴坐标zi进行高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的高斯函数，根据所述拟合后的高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标确定对所述发射装置进行定位的定位结果。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述目标区域所在的坐标范围、所述位置坐标(xi，yi)以及所述对应的竖轴坐标zi进行高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的高斯函数，根据所述拟合后的高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标确定对所述发射装置进行定位的定位结果，包括：
    对所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围和纵坐标范围分别按照预设坐标间隔进行抽样，得到抽样后的横坐标集合和纵坐标集合；
    从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中，确定与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw，以及从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中确定与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp，其中，所述w和p均为区间[1,n]中的正整数，所述n为抽样的样本数；
    根据所述横坐标集合和与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw组成的坐标集合(xw，zw)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第一高斯函数；并根据所述纵坐标集合和与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp组成的坐标集合(yp，zp)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第二高斯函数；
    确定所述第一高斯函数的顶点对应的第一坐标xt，以及所述第二高斯函数的顶点对应的第二坐标yt，将所述xt和所述yt分别确定为所述定位结果的横坐标和纵坐标，其中，所述xt为所述横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，包括：
    根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；
    根据所述位置坐标(xi，yi)和所述竖轴坐标zi组成的坐标集合(xi，yi，zi)进行二维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的二维高斯函数；
    确定所述二维高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标(xt，yt)，将所述坐标(xt，yt)确定为对所述发射装置进行定位得到的定位结果，其中，所述xt为所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述目标区域所在的纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在所述确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位之后，所述方法还包括：
    根据对所述发射装置进行定位得到的定位结果，确定目标方向信息，其中，所述目标方向信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元根据所述目标方向信息控制所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数，以使所述接收装置发射的无线信号在所述超表面上形成的反射波束指向所述发射装置。
  11. 一种发射装置的定位装置，包括：
    确定模块，设置为通过接收装置确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上 形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；
    发射模块，设置为通过所述发射装置向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；
    调控模块，设置为通过所述接收装置向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；
    定位模块，设置为确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果，并根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
  12. 一种发射装置的定位系统，包括：发射装置，接收装置，超表面控制单元，超表面和定位节点，其中，
    所述接收装置，设置为确定调控信息，其中，所述调控信息包括时序信息以及调控方向信息，所述调控方向信息用于指示超表面控制单元将超表面的反射系数调整至与预设方向对应的目标反射系数，以使从所述接收装置至所述超表面方向的波束在所述超表面上形成所述预设方向的反射波束，所述预设方向为与目标时间段对应的预设方向信息指示的方向，并且所述预设方向指向目标区域，所述时序信息包括所述目标时间段，所述调控方向信息包括所述预设方向信息；
    发射装置，设置为向所述超表面发射导频信号，其中，所述发射装置位于所述目标区域中；
    所述接收装置，还设置为向所述超表面控制单元发送所述调控信息，其中，所述调控信息用于指示所述超表面控制单元在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的反射系数调整至与所述预设方向对应的所述目标反射系数；
    所述接收装置，还设置为确定与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果；
    所述定位节点，设置为根据所述预设方向以及所述信号测量结果，对所述发射装置进行定位，其中，所述信号测量结果是所述接收装置对接收到的目标导频信号进行测量得到的测量结果，所述目标导频信号经过被调整至所述目标反射系数的超表面反射后被所述接收装置接收，通过所述发射装置发射的导频信号包括所述目标导频信号。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中，所述接收装置，还设置为根据所述目标扫描区域确定所述调控信息；
    其中，所述接收装置设置为通过以下方式确定所述调控信息：
    根据所述目标区域划分得到的多个子区域确定多个所述预设方向信息，以及根据多个所 述预设方向信息确定多个所述目标时间段，其中，每个所述预设方向信息与所述多个子区域中的每个子区域一一对应，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应；或者，确定用于指向所述目标区域的多个所述预设方向，并将每个所述预设方向信息确定为多个所述预设方向中的一个预设方向，以及根据多个所述预设方向信息确定多个所述目标时间段，其中，所述时序信息包括多个所述目标时间段，每个所述目标时间段与每个所述预设方向信息一一对应。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中，所述超表面控制单元，设置为：
    根据所述预设方向信息确定所述目标反射系数；
    在所述目标时间段将所述超表面的各电磁单元的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数以将所述超表面的反射系数调整至所述目标反射系数；
    其中，所述各电磁单元的反射系数包括以下至少之一：幅度、相位、极化。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中，所述接收装置，还设置为：
    确定信号测量结果集合中的各个信号测量结果对应的目标时间段，其中，所述信号测量结果集合包括与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果；
    根据所述目标时间段确定出与所述目标时间段对应的所述预设方向信息所指示的所述预设方向，将与所述目标时间段对应的信号测量结果确定为与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中，所述定位节点，还设置为：
    根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；
    根据所述目标区域所在的坐标范围、所述位置坐标(xi，yi)以及所述对应的竖轴坐标zi进行高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的高斯函数，根据所述拟合后的高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标确定对所述发射装置进行定位的定位结果。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的系统，其中，所述定位节点，还设置为：
    对所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围和纵坐标范围分别按照预设坐标间隔进行抽样，得到抽样后的横坐标集合和纵坐标集合；
    从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中，确定与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw，以及从与所述位置坐标(xi，yi)对应的竖轴坐标zi中确定与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp，其中，所述w和p均为区间[1,n]中的正整数，所述n为抽样的样本数；
    根据所述横坐标集合和与所述横坐标集合中的每个横坐标xw对应的竖轴坐标zw组成的坐标集合(xw，zw)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第一高斯函数；并根据所述纵坐 标集合和与所述纵坐标集合中的每个纵坐标yp对应的竖轴坐标zp组成的坐标集合(yp，zp)进行一维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的第二高斯函数；
    确定所述第一高斯函数的顶点对应的第一坐标xt，以及所述第二高斯函数的顶点对应的第二坐标yt，将所述xt和所述yt分别确定为所述定位结果的横坐标和纵坐标，其中，所述xt为所述横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的系统，其中，所述定位节点，还设置为：
    根据所述预设方向以及所述超表面的位置及高度，确定与每个所述预设方向对应的所述反射波束在所述目标区域中的位置坐标(xi，yi)，将与所述预设方向对应的信号测量结果的数值确定为与所述位置坐标对应的竖轴坐标zi，其中，所述i为与所述预设方向对应的反射波束的标识符；
    根据所述位置坐标(xi，yi)和所述竖轴坐标zi组成的坐标集合(xi，yi，zi)进行二维高斯函数拟合，得到拟合后的二维高斯函数；
    确定所述二维高斯函数的顶点对应的坐标(xt，yt)，将所述坐标(xt，yt)确定为对所述发射装置进行定位得到的定位结果，其中，所述xt为所述目标区域所在的横坐标范围内的横坐标，并且所述yt为所述目标区域所在的纵坐标范围内的纵坐标。
  19. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序，其中，所述计算机程序被设置为运行时执行所述权利要求1至10任一项中所述的方法。
  20. 一种电子装置，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器中存储有计算机程序，所述处理器被设置为运行所述计算机程序以执行所述权利要求1至10任一项中所述的方法。
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