WO2022001734A1 - 一种信息传输方法、通信装置及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

一种信息传输方法、通信装置及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022001734A1
WO2022001734A1 PCT/CN2021/101331 CN2021101331W WO2022001734A1 WO 2022001734 A1 WO2022001734 A1 WO 2022001734A1 CN 2021101331 W CN2021101331 W CN 2021101331W WO 2022001734 A1 WO2022001734 A1 WO 2022001734A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
access mode
contention
access
information
uplink data
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2021/101331
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
行双双
徐修强
吴艺群
陈雁
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Huawei Technologies Co Ltd filed Critical Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority to EP21831962.2A priority Critical patent/EP4167622A4/en
Publication of WO2022001734A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022001734A1/zh
Priority to US18/145,943 priority patent/US12369199B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/115—Grant-free or autonomous transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/02—Hybrid access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/04—Scheduled access
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0833—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access
    • H04W74/0841—Random access procedures, e.g. with 4-step access with collision treatment

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to an information transmission method, a communication device, and a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the terminal can support a variety of access methods, such as early data transmission (EDT), 2-step physical random access channel (2-step RACH) ), contention-free configured grant transmission (contention-free configured grant transmission, contention-free CG), etc.
  • EDT early data transmission
  • RACH 2-step physical random access channel
  • contention-free configured grant transmission contention-free configured grant transmission
  • contention-free CG contention-free CG
  • the terminal selects 2-step RACH for access operation, if the number of MsgA sent by the terminal in 2-step RACH has reached the maximum number of accesses configured by 2-step RACH, the network device still cannot correctly decode the uplink carried by the MsgA. Data, that is, when the access is still unsuccessful, the terminal can use four-step random access channel (4-step physical random access channel, 4-step RACH) to send Msg1 in the 4-step RACH process, that is, the terminal sends the preamble to the network device. , after obtaining the random access response to Msg1 sent by the network device, the terminal sends the uplink data according to the uplink grant (UL grant) in the random access response.
  • 4-step RACH physical random access channel
  • the present application provides an information transmission method, a communication device, and a computer-readable storage medium, which are beneficial to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of a terminal.
  • the present application provides an information transmission method.
  • the terminal sends second information and uplink data, and the uplink data is sent by using the second access mode; the second information indicates the first access mode, and the first access mode is that the terminal uses the second access mode to send The access method used to send the uplink data before the uplink data.
  • the terminal when the terminal uses the second access mode to send uplink data, it also sends second information to inform the network device that the terminal uses the first access mode for sending uplink data before using the second access mode to send uplink data. , which is helpful for the network device to know that the second access mode is the access mode that the terminal adopts when the first access mode fails, and it is helpful for the network device to optimize the resource configuration information of the first access mode, so as to improve the terminal's Access efficiency or data transfer efficiency.
  • the second access mode is four-step random access 4-step RACH
  • the first access mode is one of the following multiple access modes: contention-free configuration authorization transmission contention -free CG, contention-based CG for contention-based configuration authorization, two-step random access 2-step RACH.
  • the second access manner is advance data transmission EDT;
  • the first access manner is one of the following multiple access manners: contention-free configuration authorization transmission contention- free CG, contention-based CG, 2-step random access with user plane data, and 2-step RACH with UP data.
  • the second access mode is two-step random access 2-step RACH; the first access mode is one of the following multiple access modes: a contention-free configuration Authorized transmission contention-free CG, contention-based configuration authorized transmission contention-based CG.
  • one of the following access methods can be used to attempt to send uplink data: 4 -step RACH, EDT, 2-step RACH; when the first access method adopted by the terminal is contention-based CG, and the contention-based CG is unsuccessful in sending uplink data, one of the following access methods can be used
  • the access mode attempts to send uplink data: 4-step RACH, EDT, 2-step RACH; when the first access mode adopted by the terminal is 2-step RACH, and the 2-step RACH is used to send uplink data unsuccessfully, it can be used
  • One of the following access methods attempts to send uplink data: 4-step RACH, EDT.
  • the above embodiments can flexibly select the second access mode according to the first access mode, thereby improving the flexibility of selecting the second access mode when the first access mode is unsuccessful, thereby improving the flexibility of selecting the second access mode. It is beneficial to improve the probability of successful terminal access or successful data transmission.
  • the terminal further sends third information, where the third information is used to indicate the number of times that the terminal uses the first access mode and the second access mode to send uplink data. That is to say, when the terminal sends the second information and uplink data, it also sends the third information to indicate the number of times the terminal tries to send uplink data by using the first access mode and the second access mode. Therefore, it is beneficial for the network device to obtain the number of attempts of the terminal to send uplink data using the second access mode according to the number of times, which is beneficial to optimize the resource configuration information of the second access mode and improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the third information is used to indicate the number of times that the terminal uses the first access mode and the second access mode to send uplink data. That is to say, when the terminal sends the second information and uplink data, it also sends the third information to indicate the number of times the terminal tries to send uplink data by using the first access mode and the second access mode. Therefore, it is beneficial for the network device to obtain the number of attempts of the
  • the terminal when the terminal uses the initial access mode to send uplink data, the terminal may not send the first information for indicating that the current access mode is the initial access mode, thereby helping to save signaling overhead.
  • the terminal when the terminal uses the first access mode to send uplink data, the terminal may also send first information for indicating that the current access mode is the initial access mode. That is, in this embodiment, when the terminal uses the first access mode to send uplink data, it carries the first information at the same time, and the first information is used to indicate that the current access mode is the initial access mode, and the network device receives the data sent by the terminal. information, the uplink data and the first information will be obtained at the same time. That is, in the information transmission method, before the terminal sends the second information and the uplink data, the terminal can also send the uplink data and the first information by using the first access mode, and the first information indicates that the current access mode is the initial access mode. entry method.
  • the format of the uplink information received by the network device is the same, and the uplink information is the uplink data and the first information, or the uplink information is the uplink data and the second information, which is beneficial to improve the compatibility of the network device with the two access methods. ability to reduce the complexity of the interpretation of uplink information by network equipment.
  • the present application further provides an information transmission method, the information transmission method in this aspect corresponds to the information transmission method described in the first aspect, and the information transmission method in this aspect is described from the network device side.
  • the network device uses the second access mode to receive the uplink data, it also receives the second information, and determines the first access mode according to the second information.
  • the first access mode is that the terminal is using the second access mode.
  • Resource configuration information to improve terminal access efficiency or data transmission efficiency.
  • the second access mode is four-step random access 4-step RACH;
  • the first access mode is one of the following multiple access modes: Transmission of contention-free CG, transmission of contention-based CG authorized by contention-based configuration, two-step random access 2-step RACH.
  • the second access manner is advance data transmission EDT;
  • the first access manner is one of the following multiple access manners: contention-free transmission of contention-free configuration authorization CG, contention-based CG with contention-based configuration authorization, 2-step RACH with UP data carrying user plane data.
  • the second access mode is two-step random access 2-step RACH; the first access mode is one of the following multiple access modes: contention-free configuration authorization transmission -free CG, contention-based CG for transmission of contention-based configuration authorization.
  • the first access mode adopted by the terminal may be multiple access modes; when the terminal fails to send uplink data using the first access mode, there are also multiple optional second access modes. Therefore, the above embodiments can flexibly select the second access mode according to the first access mode, thus improving the flexibility of selection of the second access mode when the first access mode fails to send uplink data, thereby improving the flexibility of selecting the second access mode. It is beneficial to improve the probability of successful terminal access or successful data transmission.
  • the network device when receiving the uplink data in the second receiving manner, the network device further receives third information for indicating the number of times the terminal sends the uplink data in the first access manner and the second access manner.
  • the embodiment of the present application is beneficial for the network device to further obtain the number of attempts of the terminal to send uplink data using the second access mode according to the number of times, thereby optimizing the resource configuration information of the second access mode, and improving the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal .
  • the network device since the terminal does not send the first information for indicating that the current access mode is the initial access mode, the network device does not receive the indication when receiving uplink data using the first access mode
  • the current access mode is the first information of the initial access mode, which is beneficial to saving signaling overhead.
  • the network device when the network device receives the uplink data, it also receives first information, where the first information indicates that the current access mode of the terminal is the initial access mode.
  • the network device receives the uplink data and the first information. That is, in this information transmission method, before the terminal sends the second information and the uplink data, the terminal can also send the uplink data and the first information by using the first access mode, and the first information indicates that the current access mode is the initial access mode. Way.
  • the format of the uplink information received by the network device is the same, which is beneficial to improve the compatibility of the network device to the two access modes and reduce the complexity of the information interpretation by the network device.
  • the present application further provides a communication device.
  • the communication device has part or all of the functions of the terminal described in the first aspect.
  • the function of the communication device may have the function of some or all of the embodiments of the terminal in the present application, and may also have the function of independently implementing any one of the embodiments of the present application.
  • the functions can be implemented by hardware, or can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the structure of the communication device may include a processing unit and a communication unit, and the processing unit is configured to support the communication device to perform the corresponding functions in the above method.
  • the communication unit is used to support communication between the communication device and other communication devices.
  • the communication device may also include a storage unit for coupling with the processing unit and the communication unit, which stores program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a communication unit configured to send second information and uplink data, where the uplink data is sent by using the second access mode
  • the second information is used to indicate a first access mode
  • the first access mode is the access used by the terminal to send the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data Way.
  • the communication unit may be a transceiver or a communication interface
  • the storage unit may be a memory
  • the processing unit may be a processor
  • the communication device includes:
  • a transceiver configured to send second information and uplink data, where the uplink data is sent by using the second access mode
  • the second information is used to indicate a first access mode
  • the first access mode is the access used by the terminal to send the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data Way.
  • the processor may be used to perform, for example but not limited to, baseband related processing
  • the transceiver may be used to perform, for example but not limited to, radio frequency transceiving.
  • the above-mentioned devices may be respectively arranged on chips that are independent of each other, or at least part or all of them may be arranged on the same chip.
  • processors can be further divided into analog baseband processors and digital baseband processors.
  • the analog baseband processor can be integrated with the transceiver on the same chip, and the digital baseband processor can be set on a separate chip. With the continuous development of integrated circuit technology, more and more devices can be integrated on the same chip.
  • a digital baseband processor can be integrated with a variety of application processors (such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.) on the same chip.
  • application processors such as but not limited to graphics processors, multimedia processors, etc.
  • Such a chip may be called a System on Chip. Whether each device is independently arranged on different chips or integrated on one or more chips often depends on the needs of product design. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the implementation form of the foregoing device.
  • the present application further provides a communication device.
  • the communication apparatus has part or all of the functions of the network device in the method example described in the second aspect.
  • the function of the communication apparatus may have the function of some or all of the embodiments of the network device in this application, and may also have the function of independently implementing any one of the embodiments of this application.
  • the functions can be implemented by hardware, or can be implemented by hardware executing corresponding software.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more units or modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the structure of the communication device may include a processing unit and a communication unit, and the processing unit is configured to support the communication device to perform the corresponding functions in the above method.
  • the communication unit is used to support communication between the communication device and other communication devices.
  • the communication device may also include a storage unit for coupling with the processing unit and the sending unit, which stores program instructions and data necessary for the communication device.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a communication unit configured to receive second information and uplink data, where the uplink data is received by using the second access mode
  • a processing unit configured to determine a first access mode according to the second information, where the first access mode is used by the terminal to send the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data data access method.
  • the processing unit may be a processor
  • the communication unit may be a transceiver or a communication interface
  • the storage unit may be a memory.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a transceiver configured to receive second information and uplink data, where the uplink data is received by using the second access mode
  • a processor configured to determine a first access mode according to the second information, where the first access mode is used by the terminal to send the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data data access method.
  • the present application further provides a processor for executing the above-mentioned various methods.
  • the process of sending and receiving the above-mentioned information in the above-mentioned methods can be understood as the process of outputting the above-mentioned information by the processor and the process of receiving the above-mentioned information input by the processor.
  • the processor When outputting the above-mentioned information, the processor outputs the above-mentioned information to the transceiver for transmission by the transceiver. After the above-mentioned information is output by the processor, other processing may be required before reaching the transceiver.
  • the transceiver receives the above-mentioned information and inputs it into the processor. Furthermore, after the transceiver receives the above-mentioned information, the above-mentioned information may need to perform other processing before being input to the processor.
  • the sending of the second information and the uplink data mentioned in the foregoing method can be understood as the processor outputting the second information and the uplink data.
  • receiving the second information and uplink data may be understood as the processor receiving the input second information and uplink data.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a processor specially used to execute these methods, or may be a processor that executes computer instructions in a memory to execute these methods, such as a general-purpose processor.
  • the above-mentioned memory can be a non-transitory (non-transitory) memory, such as a read-only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), which can be integrated with the processor on the same chip, or can be set on different chips respectively.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • the embodiment does not limit the type of the memory and the setting manner of the memory and the processor.
  • the present application further provides a communication system, where the system includes at least one terminal and at least one network device according to the above aspects.
  • the system may further include other devices that interact with the terminal or network device in the solution provided in this application.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a communication device, the method described in the first aspect is implemented.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer software instructions, and when the instructions are executed by a communication device, the method described in the second aspect above is implemented.
  • the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method described in the first aspect above.
  • the present application further provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method described in the second aspect above.
  • the present application provides a chip system
  • the chip system includes a processor and an interface, the interface is used to obtain a program or an instruction, and the processor is used to call the program or instruction to implement or support terminal implementation
  • the functions involved in the first aspect for example, determine or process at least one of the data and information involved in the above method.
  • the chip system further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data of the terminal.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the present application provides a chip system
  • the chip system includes a processor and an interface, the interface is used to obtain a program or an instruction, and the processor is used to call the program or instruction to implement or support a network device To implement the functions involved in the second aspect, for example, to determine or process at least one of the data and information involved in the above method.
  • the chip system further includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data of the network device.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 2a is a schematic flow chart of a current four-step random access method
  • Figure 2b is a schematic flow chart of a current advance data transmission method
  • 2c is a schematic flow chart of a current two-step random access method
  • 2d is a schematic flowchart of a current two-step random access method for fallback
  • 2e is a schematic flow chart of a current two-step random access method carrying user plane data
  • FIG. 2f is a schematic flowchart of a current method for transmitting configuration authorization without contention
  • 3a is a schematic flowchart of an information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3b is a schematic diagram of another information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3c is a schematic diagram of another information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3d is a schematic diagram of another information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 3e is a schematic diagram of another information transmission method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the present application can be applied to various communication systems.
  • the global system for mobile communications the Long Term Evolution (Long Term Evolution, LTE) frequency division duplex system, the LTE time division duplex system, the universal mobile communication system, and with the continuous development of communication technologies
  • the technical solutions of the present application can also be used for Subsequent evolved communication systems, such as fifth-generation mobile communication (5th-generation, 5G) systems, etc.
  • 5th-generation, 5G fifth-generation mobile communication
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system may include, but is not limited to, a network device and a terminal.
  • the number and form of devices shown in FIG. 1 are used as examples and do not constitute limitations to the embodiments of the present application. In practical applications, two or more network devices and two or more terminals may be included.
  • the communication system shown in FIG. 1 is described by taking one network device and one terminal as an example, and the network device can provide services for the terminal.
  • the network device in FIG. 1 is taken as an example of a base station, and the terminal is taken as an example of a mobile phone.
  • a network device is an entity on the network side that is used to transmit or receive signals.
  • the network device may be a device with a wireless transceiver function or a chip that can be installed in the device.
  • the network device includes but is not limited to: evolved Node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (Node B, NB), network equipment controller (base station controller, BSC), network equipment transceiver station (base transceiver) station, BTS), home network equipment (for example, home evolved Node B, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, WIFI) system access point (access point) point, AP), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., and can also be equipment used in 4G, 5G and even 6G systems, such as NR systems gNB, or, transmission point
  • a terminal is an entity on the terminal side for receiving or transmitting signals, and a terminal may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), terminal equipment, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, Mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, user terminal, user agent or user equipment can be applied to 4G, 5G and even 6G systems.
  • UE user equipment
  • the terminal in the embodiments of the present application may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal, an augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal, industrial Wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self driving, wireless terminal in remote medical, wireless terminal in smart grid, transportation safety A wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, an RSU of the aforementioned wireless terminal type, and so on.
  • the uplink data includes control plane data (CP data), or the uplink data includes control plane data and user plane data (UP data).
  • CP data control plane data
  • UP data user plane data
  • the NR communication protocol stack is divided into two planes: the user plane and the control plane.
  • User data is transmitted according to the user plane protocol stack, and system control signaling is performed according to the control plane protocol stack.
  • the control plane data generally refers to system control signaling, such as RRC signaling messages (connection establishment request, connection reply request, etc.), system messages, and the like.
  • the data to be transmitted by the terminal includes control plane data and user plane data.
  • the access mode refers to the mode that the terminal needs to use when it starts to attempt to access the network, perform cell handover, and other scenarios.
  • wireless communication networks In order to improve the transmission efficiency of uplink data, especially for small-packet data services, wireless communication networks begin to support a transmission scheme that carries uplink data during random access.
  • the access mode is a generalized random access mode. In addition to random access, it also refers to a data transmission mode that can carry uplink data, that is, the access mode includes random access mode and/or other data transmission modes. .
  • Random access methods include four-step random access (4-step physical random access channel, 4-step RACH), early data transmission (EDT), two-step random access (2-step physical random access channel, 2-step RACH), two-step random access with user plane data (2-step RACH with user plane data, 2-step RACH with UP data).
  • Other data transmission methods include contention-free configured grant transmission (contention-free CG) and contention-based configured grant transmission (contention-based CG).
  • the types of access modes are not limited to the access modes described above.
  • 4-step RACH The process of 4-step RACH is shown in Figure 2a, including: the terminal sends Msg1 to the network device, where the network device is gNB, Msg1 is the random access preamble preamble, and the preamble is used to request access; network When the device receives the Msg1 and successfully detects the preamble, it sends a Msg2 to the terminal, which includes a random access response; when the terminal receives the Msg2 and confirms that the random access response is successful, it sends a Msg3 to the network device to request a connection.
  • the terminal sends Msg1 to the network device, where the network device is gNB, Msg1 is the random access preamble preamble, and the preamble is used to request access; network When the device receives the Msg1 and successfully detects the preamble, it sends a Msg2 to the terminal, which includes a random access response; when the terminal receives the Msg2 and confirms that
  • Msg3 is a physical Uplink shared channel (physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH), PUSCH carries uplink data; the network device receives Msg3, and when the uplink data in Msg3 is successfully decoded, it sends Msg4 to the terminal, Msg4 includes the physical downlink control channel (physical downlink control channel) , PDCCH) and physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), Msg4 is used to inform the terminal that the competition for Msg3 is successfully resolved, and the connection is established; The device sends a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and the PUCCH carries the HARQ-ACK. The HARQ-ACK is used by the terminal to confirm the success of random access to the network device.
  • PDCCH physical downlink control channel
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • EDT is a transmission scheme that carries UP data during random access.
  • An EDT process is shown in Figure 2b.
  • the difference between EDT and 4-step RACH is that in EDT, PUSCH carries uplink data.
  • the uplink data also includes UP data, that is, the terminal.
  • UP data can also be sent.
  • this method sends the UP data during the connection establishment process, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the UP data.
  • 2-step RACH A random access method proposed for data transmission with low latency requirements.
  • a 2-step RACH process is shown in Figure 2c, including: the terminal sends MsgA, and MsgA includes preamble and PUSCH, that is, the terminal uses the 2-step RACH to send the MsgA process, which is equivalent to the terminal sending Msg1 and Msg3 in the 4-step RACH
  • the combined sending process the terminal receives MsgB, MsgB is the response information of the network device to MsgA, and MsgB includes at least one of the following responses: the network device's response to the preamble, and the network device's response to PUSCH.
  • the transmitted MsgB contains the response to the PUSCH, that is, the MsgB contains the random access response and contention resolution.
  • the process is called success random access response (success random access response, successRAR).
  • successRAR success random access response
  • the terminal After confirming that the contention carried in the successRAR is resolved correctly, the terminal sends a HARQ-ACK to the network device to confirm that the random access is successful.
  • the transmitted MsgB only contains the response to the preamble, that is, the MsgB only contains random access Incoming response, this process is called fallback random access response (fallback random access response, fallbackRAR).
  • fallback random access response fallback random access response
  • the terminal receives MsgB, according to the UL grant indication in fallbackRAR, it sends Msg3 to the terminal, where Msg3 is PUSCH, and the uplink data carried by PUSCH is the uplink data carried by PUSCH in MsgA; the network device receives Msg3 and performs uplink data on the PUSCH in Msg3.
  • the terminal After the data decoding is successful, it sends Msg4 to the terminal; the terminal receives the Msg4 and confirms that the contention carried in the Msg4 is resolved correctly, and then sends a HARQ-ACK to the network device to confirm that the random access is successful.
  • This process is called the fallback process of 2-step RACH, that is, when the terminal fails to send uplink data using 2-step RACH, it falls back to the process of sending Msg3 in 4-step RACH.
  • MsgA in the 2-step RACH is used to carry CP data, for example, to carry an RRC connection request (radio resource control connection establishment request) , RRC connection resume request (radio resource control connection resume request), etc.
  • RRC connection request radio resource control connection establishment request
  • RRC connection resume request radio resource control connection resume request
  • the 2-step RACH in which the MsgA in the 2-step RACH carries both CP data and UP data is called 2-step RACH with UP data, but this access method is not limited in the embodiments of the present application
  • the access mode may also be called two-step random access based on user plane data, and so on.
  • contention-free CG refers to that when a data packet arrives at the terminal, the terminal initiates data transmission on the resource configured on the network side.
  • the resource is the resource configured by the network device for the terminal in advance for the transmission of non-contention configuration authorization.
  • the schematic diagram of the transmission of the configuration authorization without contention is shown in Figure 2f.
  • the transmission resources and parameter configuration information sent by the network device are user-specific (UE- specific) configuration, that is, the transmission resource and parameter configuration information received by each terminal is for a single terminal.
  • the pilots between different terminals are orthogonal, and there is no pilot collision between different terminals; or the time-frequency resources between different terminals are orthogonal, There is no collision of time-frequency resources between different terminals.
  • contention-based CG means that when a data packet arrives at the terminal, the terminal can also initiate data transmission on the resource configured on the network side. resource. Time-frequency resources or pilots between different terminals may collide, that is, the terminal randomly selects time-frequency resources or pilots from the resources, and different terminals may compete for the same time-frequency resources or pilots. frequency resource collision or pilot frequency collision. Therefore, the transmission of the contention-based configuration grant has a lower probability of successful access than the transmission of the contention-free configuration grant.
  • This embodiment of the present application does not limit the naming of the access mode, for example, the access mode may also be referred to as transmission based on configuration authorization with contention, and so on.
  • the maximum number of accesses is configured by the network device for the terminal, and refers to the maximum number of times that the terminal can send uplink data in the access mode.
  • the maximum number of accesses may also be referred to as the maximum number of access attempts.
  • the network device can configure a maximum number of access times for the terminal for each access mode. If it is still unsuccessful, it cannot continue to use this method to send uplink data. At this time, the terminal may use other access modes to attempt to send uplink data.
  • the failure of the terminal to send uplink data using the first access mode means that when the number of times the terminal uses the first access mode to send uplink data reaches the maximum access times of the first access mode, the terminal does not receive any data sent by the network device.
  • the confirmation information for the uplink data may be the contention resolution information of the network device for the uplink data, or the confirmation message is the confirmation information that the network device successfully decodes the uplink data.
  • the terminal uses the first access mode to access the network, when the network device successfully decodes the uplink data sent by the terminal, it sends contention resolution information to the terminal, and the confirmation information at this time is the contention resolution information;
  • the network device successfully decodes the uplink data sent by the terminal, it sends confirmation information for the successful decoding of the uplink data to the terminal.
  • the confirmation information at this time is the confirmation information for the network device to successfully decode the uplink data.
  • the first information is information indicating that the current access mode is the initial access mode; the second information is information indicating the first access mode; the third information is information indicating that the terminal adopts the first access mode and the second access mode Information about the times of sending uplink data, the times that the terminal uses the first access mode and the second access mode to send uplink data may also be referred to as the number of attempts to send uplink data using the first access mode and the second access mode.
  • the second information may also be referred to as fallback information, fallback identifier, and the like.
  • the resource configuration information of the access mode is configured by the network device for the access mode, and is the resource used by the terminal for access or data transmission.
  • the resource configuration information of the access mode may include one or more of the following: initial preamble transmission power, transmission resources, and the number of terminals that are allowed to access, and the like. This embodiment of the present application does not limit the parameters included in the resource configuration information.
  • the terminal may attempt to perform uplink data multiple times.
  • the network device cannot know the number of attempts of the terminal device, and therefore cannot adjust the transmission resources of the terminal in time.
  • the way to optimize the access efficiency of the terminal is: the terminal reports the number of times that the access mode attempts to access, and then the network device learns the access according to the number of times. The resource usage of the access mode is adjusted, and the access efficiency of the access mode is improved by adjusting the resource configuration information of the access mode.
  • the terminal can use the Other access methods try to send uplink data.
  • the number of times the terminal attempts to access is the total number of times, that is, no matter how many access methods are used, the times of attempted access or data transmission are continuously counted, and the specific access or data transmission times of each access method are not distinguished.
  • the resource configuration information adjusted by the network device according to the total number of times may be unreasonable, and the effect of optimizing access efficiency or data transmission efficiency cannot be achieved.
  • the network device cannot know whether the motive of the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial selection or the re-selection when other access modes are used to send uplink data unsuccessfully, so that the network device cannot know the resource usage of the access mode, and further As a result, the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal cannot be improved.
  • the terminal can The 4-step RACH is used to send Msg1.
  • the terminal After receiving the random access response from the network device to Msg1, the terminal sends the uplink data according to the time-frequency resource determined by the UL grant in the random access response.
  • the network device cannot know whether the motive for the terminal to use the 4-step RACH is the initial selection, or the re-selection when the 2-step RACH fails to attempt to access.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of an information transmission method 100 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information transmission method 100 is described from the perspective of interaction between a terminal and a network device.
  • the information transmission method 100 includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • the terminal sends second information and uplink data
  • the second information is used to indicate the first access mode
  • the first access mode is an access mode used by the terminal to send uplink data before using the second access mode to send uplink data.
  • the uplink data sent in step S101 is sent by the terminal using the second access mode.
  • the uplink data sent by the terminal using the second access mode is the uplink data sent by the terminal using the first access mode.
  • the uplink data sent by the terminal using the second access mode is part of the uplink data sent by the terminal using the first access mode, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the uplink data.
  • the uplink data sent by the terminal using the first access mode includes CP data and UP data
  • the uplink data sent by the terminal using the second access mode may include CP data
  • the network device receives the second information and uplink data
  • the uplink data is received in the second access manner.
  • the network device determines the first access mode according to the second information.
  • both the second information and the uplink data are located in the PUSCH, and the terminal adopts the second access mode to send the second information and the uplink data to the network device through the PUSCH, so that the network device can directly learn from the second information.
  • the second information and the uplink data are used as a transport block to perform channel coding together.
  • the second information is carried in uplink control information (uplink control indicator, UCI), the UCI and uplink data are located in the PUSCH, the terminal adopts the second access mode, and sends the UCI and uplink data together through the PUSCH to the network device, so that the network device learns, from the second information in the UCI, the access mode that the terminal uses to send the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data.
  • UCI and the uplink data are independently channel-coded, and both the UCI and the uplink data are transmitted on the PUSCH.
  • the second information is carried in the UCI
  • the UCI is located in an uplink control channel (physical uplink control channel, PUCCH)
  • the uplink data is located in the PUSCH
  • the terminal adopts the second access mode, through the PUCCH and the PUSCH respectively
  • the UCI and the uplink data are sent to the network device together, so that the network device learns, from the second information carried by the UCI, the access mode used by the terminal to send the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data.
  • the terminal when the terminal uses the second access mode to send uplink data, the terminal also sends the second information to the network device, so that the network device knows that the access mode adopted by the terminal is the second access mode, and It can be known from the second information that the motive for the terminal to use the second access mode is: re-selection when the number of times the terminal uses the first access mode indicated by the second information to send the uplink data reaches the maximum number of access times and still fails, which is beneficial to The network device optimizes the resource configuration information of the first access mode to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application notifies the network device that the terminal cannot successfully access the network through the first access mode or successfully transmits uplink data through the second information, which is beneficial for the network device to optimize the resource configuration information of the first access mode in a targeted manner. , improving the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal, which is beneficial for the network device to adjust the resource configuration information of different access modes.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of another information transmission method 200 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the information transmission method 200 is also described from the perspective of the interaction between a terminal and a network device, and is described by taking the example that the terminal successfully accesses using the first access mode and the second access mode.
  • the information transmission method 200 includes but is not limited to the following steps:
  • step S201 The terminal uses the first access mode to send uplink data, and if the number of times the terminal uses the first access mode to send the uplink data reaches the maximum access times and still does not receive confirmation information from the network device, step S202 is performed;
  • the terminal may also determine that the first access mode fails to access or the data transmission fails by not receiving other information returned by the network device, and executes step S202.
  • step 201 when the terminal uses the first access mode to send uplink data, the terminal also sends first information, where the first information is used to indicate that the current access mode is the initial access mode. Therefore, it is helpful for the network device to know that the motive for the terminal to use the first access mode is the initial selection, and further, it is beneficial to adjust the resource configuration information of the first access mode.
  • the network equipment in combination with the second information sent in step S203, the network equipment needs to receive the first information or the second information in addition to the uplink data sent by the terminal. This embodiment is conducive to improving the compatibility of the network equipment with the two access modes. ability.
  • step 201 when the terminal uses the first access mode to send uplink data, the terminal may not send the first information for indicating that the current access mode is the initial access mode, thereby helping to save signaling overhead.
  • the terminal sends the second information and uplink data by using the second access mode
  • the network device receives the second information and uplink data by using the second access mode
  • the network device sends confirmation information by using the second access method
  • the network device determines the first access mode according to the second information
  • the terminal receives the confirmation information, and sends an acknowledgment (ACK) to the network device.
  • ACK acknowledgment
  • S204 and S206 are optional steps.
  • the second access mode can be used to send the uplink data and the second information, so that the network device can pass the second information. Knowing that the access mode used for sending uplink data before the terminal device adopts the second access mode is the first access mode, which is beneficial to optimize the resource configuration information of the first access mode, and improve the access efficiency or data transmission of the terminal efficient.
  • the terminal when the terminal uses the second access mode to send uplink data, the terminal may also send third information, where the third information is used to indicate that the first access is used.
  • the third information is used to indicate that the first access is used.
  • the number of times the uplink data is sent in the mode and the second access mode so that the network device also learns the total number of times before the terminal access or data transmission is successful. Since the terminal uses the first access mode to send the uplink data and sends the maximum number of accesses configured by the network device, and if it is still not successful, then uses the second access mode to send the uplink data. Therefore, the network device will use the first access mode.
  • the total number of times of sending uplink data in the access mode and the second access mode is subtracted from the maximum access times of the first access mode to obtain the number of attempts of the terminal to send uplink data using the second access mode, and then the number of attempts to obtain the first access mode is obtained according to the number of attempts.
  • the resource usage of the second access mode is beneficial to optimize the resource configuration information of the second access mode.
  • the first access mode is contention-based CG
  • the second access mode is 4-step RACH, that is, when the terminal uses contention-based CG to send uplink data unsuccessfully, it uses 4-step RACH to send uplink data.
  • the configuration information sent by the network device to the terminal includes the maximum number of access times and the maximum number of access times of the contention-based CG, where the maximum number of access times of the contention-based CG is less than or equal to the maximum number of access times, and the maximum number of access times of the contention-based CG The number of accesses is part of the maximum number of accesses.
  • the network device can set a first threshold, the first threshold is less than or equal to the maximum number of accesses, when the terminal uses 4-step RACH to send uplink data The number of attempts to send uplink data is greater than the first threshold, the network device can adjust the 4-step Resource configuration of RACH.
  • the maximum number of accesses configured by the network device to the terminal is 16, and the maximum number of contention-based CGs configured by the network device to the terminal is 4, that is, when the terminal uses the contention-based CG to send uplink data, the maximum number of times is 4.
  • the terminal can use the 4-step RACH to send the uplink data for a maximum of 12 attempts.
  • the network device sets the first threshold equal to 4.
  • the network device learns according to the third information that the number of attempts of the terminal to send uplink data using contention-based CG and 4-step RACH is 9, then the network device can know that the number of attempts of the terminal to send uplink data using 4-step RACH is 5 times, greater than the first threshold, at this time the network device knows that the initial transmission power of the 4-step RACH is not enough, or the resources configured for the 4-step RACH are less, so the network device can instruct the terminal to raise the initial transmission of the preamble on the 4-step RACH power to improve the success rate of 4-step RACH detection, or increase the resources of 4-step RACH to increase the success rate of the terminal using the second access mode to access or perform data transmission.
  • the network device may further adjust the resource configuration information of the first access mode. Therefore, it is beneficial to optimize the resource configuration information of the first access mode and improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the network device can optimize one or more of the following parameters in the resource configuration information: initial preamble transmission power, transmission resources, and the number of terminals that are allowed to access, and the like.
  • the network device can learn that the first access mode is used to access the terminal. The number of failed terminals, and then according to the number of terminals and the detected number of terminals using the first access mode to send uplink data, the resource usage of the first access mode is known.
  • the first access mode is used to access the failed terminals If the number is greater than the second threshold, and the detected number of terminals using the first access mode to send uplink data is less than the third threshold, it indicates that the resources of the current first access mode are sufficient, but the initial transmit power of the first access mode is not enough, and it is necessary to Increase the initial transmit power of the first access mode to increase the success rate of the network device detecting the first access mode; or, if the number of failed terminals is greater than the second threshold, the detected number of terminals using the first access mode is greater than The third threshold indicates that the resources of the current first access mode are insufficient, and the resources of the first access mode need to be increased to increase the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the information transmission method is described below in conjunction with a specific access mode or data transmission mode.
  • the process of using the second access mode to attempt to send the uplink data may be referred to as the first access mode fallback (fallback) to the first access mode.
  • Fallback Two access methods.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an information transmission method by taking as an example that the first access mode is one of contention-free CG, contention-based CG, and 2-step RACH, and the second access mode is 4-step RACH 300. Taking that the first access mode is one of contention-free CG, contention-based CG, and 2-step RACH with UP data, and the second access mode is EDT as an example, an information transmission method 400 is provided. Taking that the first access mode is one of contention-free CG and contention-based CG, and the second access mode is 2-step RACH as an example, an information transmission method 500 is provided. Corresponding descriptions are made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the index table of the second information.
  • the information transmission method 300 is shown in FIG. 3c.
  • the terminal adopts one of the three access modes of contention-free CG, contention-based CG and 2-step RACH to send uplink data unsuccessfully, the terminal can fallback.
  • the 4-step RACH the 4-step RACH process is used to send the preamble, and when receiving the random access response information returned by the network device for the preamble, the terminal sends the second information to the network device according to the resource indicated by the UL grant in the response message. and upstream data.
  • the information transmission method 300 further includes: the network device adjusts the resource configuration information of the first access mode, and sends the adjusted resource configuration information to the terminal, thereby optimizing the first access mode.
  • the resource configuration information of the access mode improves the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the second information can be combined with the index in Table 1 to indicate that the first access mode is one of contention-free CG, contention-based CG, and 2-step RACH.
  • the first access method is contention-based CG 01
  • the first access method is contention-free CG 10
  • the first access method is 2-step RACH 11 Reserve
  • the network device can know that the access method used to send the uplink data before the terminal uses the 4-step RACH to send the uplink data is contention-based CG . Therefore, it is beneficial for network devices to learn. As shown in Figure 3c, the motivation for the terminal to use 4-step RACH is not the initial selection, but the selection from the contention-based CG fallback, which is beneficial to the network device for the contention-based CG resources.
  • the configuration information is optimized to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the network device can know that the access mode used for sending the uplink data before the terminal uses the 4-step RACH to send the uplink data is contention-free. cg. Therefore, it is beneficial for network devices to learn.
  • the motive for the terminal to use 4-step RACH is not the initial selection, but the selection from the contention-free CG, which is beneficial to the network device for the resources of the contention-free CG.
  • the configuration information is optimized to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the network device can learn that the access mode used for sending the uplink data before the terminal uses the 4-step RACH to send the uplink data is 2-step RACH. Therefore, it is beneficial for the network device to learn.
  • the motive for the terminal to use the 4-step RACH is not the initial selection, but the selection from the 2-step RACH fallback, which is beneficial to the network device for the 2-step RACH resources.
  • the configuration information is optimized to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the description corresponding to the index 11 in Table 1 may be "reserved”. Optionally, it can be used to describe other subsequent access modes.
  • the first information in step S201 of the above-mentioned information transmission method 200 may use an index similar to that shown in Table 1 in combination with the second information to indicate whether the current access mode is the initial access mode or the first access mode.
  • the specific access type of the access mode For example, as shown in Table 2, if the index sent by the terminal is 00, then the network device can learn that the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial access mode.
  • the terminal sends the second information based on Table 2, and the network device interprets the second information according to Table 2, so as to know the specific operation of the first access mode, please refer to the description in Table 1 above, which will not be expanded here.
  • the current access mode is the initial access mode 01
  • the first access method is contention-based CG 10
  • the first access method is contention-free CG 11
  • the first access method is 2-step RACH
  • the first access mode in the information transmission method 300 is one of contention-based CG and 2-step RACH.
  • the second information can be combined with the index in Table 3 to indicate that the first access mode is one of contention-based CG and 2-step RACH.
  • the first information may use an index in combination with the second information to indicate whether the current access mode is the initial access mode, or a specific access type of the first access mode. In this way, as shown in Table 3, the index is 00, which describes that the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial access mode, that is, when the uplink data is sent using the first access mode, the first information sent may be 00.
  • the terminal may not send the first information when using the first access mode to send the uplink data.
  • the index in Table 3 is 00, it can be used to describe the specific type of the first access mode, such as contention-based CG; Correspondingly, descriptions corresponding to other indexes can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the description corresponding to the index 11 in Table 3 may be "reserved”. Optionally, it can be used to describe other subsequent access modes.
  • the terminal sends the second information based on Table 3, and the network device interprets the second information according to Table 3, so as to know the specific operation of the first access mode, please refer to the description in Table 1 above, which will not be expanded here.
  • the current access mode is the initial access mode 01
  • the first access method is contention-based CG
  • the first access method is 2-step RACH 11 Reserve
  • the first access mode in the information transmission method 300 is one of contention-free CG, contention-based CG, 2-step RACH and 2-step RACH with UP data.
  • the second information can be combined with the index in Table 4 to indicate that the first access mode is one of contention-free CG, contention-based CG, 2-step RACH and 2-step RACH with UP data.
  • the first information may use an index in combination with the second information to indicate whether the current access mode is the initial access mode, or a specific access type of the first access mode. In this way, as shown in Table 4, the index is 000, which describes that the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial access mode, that is, when the uplink data is sent using the first access mode, the first information sent may be 000.
  • the terminal may not send the first information when using the first access mode to send the uplink data.
  • the index in Table 4 is 000, it can be used to describe the specific type of the first access mode, such as contention-based CG; Correspondingly, descriptions corresponding to other indexes can be adjusted accordingly.
  • indexes 101-111 in Table 4 may be "reserved”. Optionally, it can be used to describe other subsequent access modes.
  • the terminal sends the second information based on Table 4, and the network device interprets the second information according to Table 4, so as to know the specific operation of the first access mode, please refer to the description in Table 1 above, which will not be expanded here.
  • the current access mode is the initial access mode 001
  • the first access method is contention-free CG 010
  • the first access method is contention-based CG 011
  • the first access method is 2-step RACH 100
  • the first access method is 2-step RACH with UP data 101-111 Reserve
  • the index in the second information shown in Table 4 occupies three bits, which occupies more signaling overhead than the second information in Table 1, Table 2, and Table 3.
  • the first access mode is not limited to the above-mentioned access mode.
  • the uplink data when the terminal uses contention-free CG or contention-based CG to send uplink data, the uplink data may include UP data or may not include UP data, which is not limited here. If the terminal uses contention-free CG or contention-based CG to send uplink data, and the uplink data includes UP data, the terminal uses 4-step RACH to send the second information and uplink data, and receives confirmation information returned for the uplink data. , send UP data to the network device, and can also realize the sending of UP data.
  • the terminal when the terminal fails to send the uplink data by using the first access mode, it falls back to the 4-step RACH, uses the 4-step RACH to send the uplink data, and also sends the second information.
  • the second information indicates that The access method used by the terminal to send the uplink data before using the second access method to send the uplink data, that is, the first access method, is helpful for the network device to know that the motive for the terminal to use the 4-step RACH is not the initial selection, Instead, it is selected by falling back from the first access mode, thereby optimizing the resource configuration information of the first access mode and improving the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the information transmission method 400 is shown in Figure 3d.
  • the terminal adopts one of the three access methods of contention-free CG, contention-based CG, and 2-step RACH with UP data to send uplink data unsuccessfully,
  • the terminal can fallback to EDT, use the EDT process to send the preamble, and when receiving the random access response information returned by the network device for the preamble, the terminal sends the second information and uplink data to the network device according to the resources indicated by the UL grant in the response message. .
  • the information transmission method 400 further includes: the network device adjusts the resource configuration information of the first access mode, and sends the adjusted resource configuration information to the terminal, thereby optimizing the first access mode.
  • the resource configuration information of the access mode improves the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the second information can be combined with the index in Table 5 to indicate that the first access mode is one of contention-free CG, contention-based CG, and 2-step RACH with UP data.
  • the network device can learn that the access mode used for sending uplink data before the terminal uses EDT to send uplink data is contention-free CG. Therefore, it is helpful for the network device to know. As shown in Figure 3d, the motive for the terminal to use the EDT is to fall back from the contention-free CG. input efficiency or data transfer efficiency.
  • the network device may learn that the access method used for sending uplink data before the terminal uses EDT to send uplink data is contention-based CG. Therefore, it is helpful for the network device to learn.
  • the motive for the terminal to use EDT is to choose from the contention-based CG fallback, which is beneficial for the network device to optimize the resource configuration information of the contention-based CG and improve the connection of the terminal. input efficiency or data transfer efficiency.
  • the network device can learn that the access mode used for sending uplink data before the terminal uses EDT to send uplink data is 2-step RACH with UP data. Therefore, it is beneficial for the network device to learn.
  • the motive for the terminal to use EDT is to choose from the 2-step RACH with UP data fallback, which is beneficial for the network device to perform the resource configuration information of the 2-step RACH with UP data. Optimization to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the description corresponding to the index 11 in Table 5 may be "reserved”. Optionally, it can be used to describe other subsequent access modes.
  • the first information in step S201 of the above-mentioned information transmission method 200 may use an index similar to that shown in Table 5 in combination with the second information to indicate whether the current access mode is the initial access mode, or the first The specific access type of the access mode. For example, as shown in Table 6, the index sent by the terminal is 00, then the network device can learn that the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial access mode.
  • the terminal sends the second information based on Table 6, and the network device interprets the second information according to Table 6, so as to know the specific operation of the first access mode, please refer to the description in Table 5 above, which will not be expanded here.
  • the current access mode is the initial access mode 01 contention-free CG 10 contention-based CG 11 2-step RACH with UP data
  • the first access mode in the information transmission method 400 is one of contention-based CG and 2-step RACH with UP data.
  • the second information can be combined with the index in Table 7 to indicate that the first access mode is one of contention-based CG and 2-step RACH with UP data.
  • the first information may use an index in combination with the second information to indicate whether the current access mode is the initial access mode, or a specific access type of the first access mode. In this way, as shown in Table 7, the index is 00, which describes that the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial access mode, that is, when the uplink data is sent using the first access mode, the first information sent may be 00.
  • the terminal may not send the first information when using the first access mode to send the uplink data.
  • the index in Table 7 when the index in Table 7 is 00, it can be used to describe the specific type of the first access mode, such as contention-based CG; Correspondingly, descriptions corresponding to other indexes can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the description corresponding to the index 11 in Table 7 may be "reserved”. Optionally, it can be used to describe other subsequent access modes.
  • the terminal sends the second information based on Table 7, and the network device interprets the second information according to Table 7, so as to know the specific operation of the first access mode, please refer to the description in Table 5 above, which will not be expanded here.
  • the current access mode is the initial access mode 01
  • the first access method is contention-based CG 10
  • the first access method is 2-step RACH with UP data 11 Reserve
  • the uplink data when the terminal uses contention-free CG or contention-based CG to send uplink data, the uplink data includes UP data.
  • the first access mode is not limited to the above-mentioned access mode.
  • the terminal uses the first access mode to send uplink data, and the uplink data includes UP data
  • the first access mode is unsuccessful in sending the uplink data
  • it can fall back to EDT.
  • the terminal uses the EDT process to send the uplink data
  • it also sends the second information, and the second information indicates that the access mode used by the terminal to send the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data is the first access mode, so that The network device learns that the motive for the terminal to use EDT is not the initial selection, but the selection from the first access mode, so that the resource configuration information of the first access mode can be optimized, and the access efficiency or data transmission of the terminal can be improved. efficient.
  • the information transmission method 500 is shown in FIG. 3e.
  • the terminal fails to send uplink data by using one of the two access methods, contention-free CG and contention-based CG
  • the terminal can fallback to 2-step RACH.
  • using the 2-step RACH process to send the preamble, the second information and the uplink data to the network device.
  • the information transmission method 500 further includes: the network device adjusts the resource configuration information of the first access mode, and sends the adjusted resource configuration information to the terminal, thereby optimizing the first access mode.
  • the resource configuration information of the access mode improves the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the second information can be combined with the index in Table 8 to indicate that the first access mode is one of contention-free CG and contention-based CG.
  • the first access method is contention-free CG 01
  • the first access method is contention-based CG 10-11 Reserve
  • the network device can know that the access method used for sending the uplink data before the terminal uses the 2-step RACH to send the uplink data is contention-free CG . Therefore, it is beneficial for network devices to know.
  • the motive for the terminal to use 2-step RACH is not the initial selection, but the selection from the contention-free CG fallback, which is beneficial to the network device for the resources of the contention-free CG.
  • the configuration information is optimized to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the network device can know that the access mode used for sending the uplink data before the terminal uses the 2-step RACH to send the uplink data is contention- based CG. Therefore, it is helpful for the network device to know.
  • the motive for the terminal to use the 2-step RACH is to choose from the contention-based CG fallback, which is beneficial for the network device to optimize the resource configuration information of the contention-based CG and improve the The access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • indexes 10-11 in Table 8 may be "reserved”. Optionally, it can be used to describe other subsequent access modes.
  • the first information in step S201 of the above-mentioned information transmission method 200 may use an index similar to that shown in Table 8 in combination with the second information to indicate whether the current access mode is the initial access mode, or the first The specific access type of the access mode. For example, as shown in Table 9, the index sent by the terminal is 00, then the network device can learn that the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial access mode.
  • the terminal sends the second information based on Table 9, and the network device interprets the second information according to Table 9, so as to know the specific operation of the first access mode, please refer to the description in Table 8 above, which will not be expanded here.
  • the current access mode is the initial access mode 01
  • the first access method is contention-free CG 10
  • the first access method is contention-based CG 11 Reserve
  • the first access method in the information transmission method 500 is contention-based CG.
  • the second information can be combined with the index in Table 10 to indicate that the first access mode is contention-based CG.
  • the first information may use an index in combination with the second information to indicate whether the current access mode is the initial access mode, or a specific access type of the first access mode. In this way, as shown in Table 10, the index is 0, which describes that the current access mode adopted by the terminal is the initial access mode, that is, when the uplink data is sent using the first access mode, the first information sent may be 0.
  • the terminal may not send the first information when using the first access mode to send the uplink data.
  • the index in Table 10 when the index in Table 10 is 0, it can be used to describe the specific type of the first access mode, such as contention-based CG; Correspondingly, descriptions corresponding to other indexes can be adjusted accordingly.
  • the terminal sends the second information based on Table 10, and the network device interprets the second information according to Table 10, so as to know the specific operation of the first access mode, please refer to the description in Table 8 above, which will not be expanded here.
  • the current access mode is the initial access mode 1 contention-based CG
  • the index in the second information shown in Table 10 occupies only one bit, which can save signaling overhead compared with the indexes in Table 8 and Table 9.
  • the uplink data when the terminal uses contention-based CG or contention-free CG to send uplink data, the uplink data includes UP data, or may not include UP data, which is not limited here.
  • the first access mode is not limited to the above-mentioned access mode.
  • the terminal when the terminal fails to send uplink data using the first access mode, it falls back to the 2-step RACH, and when using the 2-step RACH to send the second information and uplink data, the second information indicates that the terminal is using
  • the access method used to send uplink data before the 2-step RACH that is, the first access method, so that the network device knows that the motive for the terminal to use the 2-step RACH is not the initial selection, but a fallback from the first access method. , so that the resource configuration information of the first access mode can be optimized, and the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal can be improved.
  • the second access manner that the terminal can adopt includes but is not limited to the above access manner.
  • the second access mode may also be 2-step RACH with UP data.
  • the first access mode may be contention-free CG and contention-based CG one of them.
  • the form, value, and corresponding description of the second information are not limited.
  • the network device may adjust the resource configuration information of the first access mode to optimize the resource configuration information of the first access mode.
  • the network device learns through the first access mode indicated by the second information that the number of terminals that fail to send uplink data using 2-step RACH is greater than the second threshold, and the network device detects When the number of terminals using the 2-step RACH to send uplink data is less than the third threshold, it indicates that the initial transmission power of the preamble on the 2-step RACH is not enough, resulting in unsuccessful detection of the 2-step RACH. Therefore, the network device raises the 2-step RACH.
  • the initial transmission power of the preamble on the 2-step RACH improves the success rate of 2-step RACH detection, so as to improve the efficiency of terminal access; or, the network device learns that the terminal adopts 2-step RACH transmission through the first access mode indicated by the second information
  • the number of terminals for which uplink data fails is greater than the second threshold, and the network device detects that the number of terminals that use 2-step RACH to send uplink data is greater than the third threshold, indicating that the network device has allocated too few resources to the 2-step RACH, not enough for the terminal to use 2 -step RACH sends uplink data, therefore, network equipment increases the resources of 2-step RACH, or reduces the threshold for selecting 2-step RACH, so that fewer terminals can use the 2-step RACH process to send uplink data, so as to increase the connection of terminals. input efficiency or data transfer efficiency.
  • network devices and terminals may include hardware structures and/or software modules, and implement the above functions in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether one of the above functions is performed in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device 400 shown in FIG. 4 may include a communication unit 401 and a processing unit 402 .
  • the communication unit 401 may include a sending unit and a receiving unit, the sending unit is used to implement the sending function, the receiving unit is used to implement the receiving function, and the communication unit 401 may implement the sending function and/or the receiving function.
  • the transceiver unit can also be described as a communication unit.
  • the communication apparatus 400 may be a terminal, a device in a terminal, or a device that can be used in combination with network equipment.
  • the communication unit 401 is used to send second information and uplink data, and the uplink data is sent by using the second access mode; the second information is used to indicate the first access mode, and the first access mode is that the terminal is using the first access mode.
  • Access mode The access mode used to send the uplink data before sending the uplink data.
  • the communication apparatus 400 uses the second access mode to send the uplink data, it also sends the second information to inform the network equipment that the communication apparatus 400 uses the first access method for sending the uplink data before using the second access mode to send the uplink data.
  • access mode so that the network device can know that the second access mode is the access mode that the communication apparatus 400 adopts when the first access mode is unsuccessful, and it is beneficial for the network device to optimize the resource configuration information of the first access mode , in order to improve the access efficiency or data transmission efficiency of the terminal.
  • the second access mode is four-step random access (4-step RACH);
  • the first access mode is one of the following access modes: contention-free configuration authorization transmission (contention-free CG), contention-based configuration authorization transmission (contention-based CG), two-step random access. input (2-step RACH).
  • the second access mode is advanced data transmission (EDT);
  • the first access mode is one of the following multiple access modes: contention-free configuration authorization transmission (contention-free CG) , Contention-based CG for contention-based configuration authorization, and 2-step RACH with UP data for carrying user plane data.
  • the second access mode is two-step random access (2-step RACH); the first access mode is one of the following multiple access modes: transmission of configuration authorization without contention ( contention-free CG), contention-based configuration-authorized transmission (contention-based CG).
  • contention-free CG contention-free CG
  • contention-based configuration-authorized transmission contention-based CG
  • the communication unit 401 sends third information, where the third information is used to indicate the number of times of sending uplink data using the first access mode and the second access mode.
  • the first access mode is used to send the uplink data and the first information, and the first information indicates that the current access mode is the initial access mode.
  • the communication apparatus 400 may be a network device, a device in a network device, or a device that can be matched and used with a terminal.
  • the communication unit 401 is configured to receive the second information and uplink data, and the uplink data is received by using the second access mode;
  • the processing unit 402 is configured to determine the first access mode according to the second information, and the first access mode is
  • the access mode is an access mode used by the terminal to send uplink data before using the second access mode to send uplink data.
  • the communication unit 401 before receiving the second information and the uplink data, the communication unit 401 receives the uplink data and the first information, and the first information indicates that the current access mode of the terminal is the initial access mode.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may be a network device, a terminal, a chip, a chip system, or a processor that supports the network device to implement the above method, or a chip, a chip system, or a chip that supports the terminal to implement the above method. processor etc.
  • the apparatus can be used to implement the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments, and for details, reference may be made to the descriptions in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may include one or more processors 501 .
  • the processor 501 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor, or the like.
  • it may be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, terminals, terminal chips, DU or CU, etc.), execute software programs, process software program data.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may include one or more memories 502, and instructions 504 may be stored thereon, and the instructions may be executed on the processor 501, so that the communication apparatus 500 executes the above method methods described in the examples.
  • the memory 502 may also store data.
  • the processor 501 and the memory 502 can be provided separately or integrated together.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may further include a transceiver 505 and an antenna 506 .
  • the transceiver 505 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, or a transceiver circuit, etc., for implementing a transceiver function.
  • the transceiver 505 may include a receiver and a transmitter, the receiver may be called a receiver or a receiving circuit, etc., for implementing the receiving function; the transmitter may be called a transmitter or a transmitting circuit, etc., for implementing the transmitting function.
  • the communication device 500 is a terminal: the processor 501 is used for executing S103 in the information transmission method 100 ; the transceiver 505 is used for executing S101 in the information transmission method 100 ; and S201 , S202 and S206 in the information transmission method 200 .
  • the communication apparatus 500 is a network device: the processor 501 is configured to execute S205 in the information transmission method 200 ; the transceiver 505 is configured to execute S102 in the information transmission method 100 ; and execute S203 and S204 in the information transmission method 200 .
  • the processor 501 may include a transceiver for implementing the functions of receiving and transmitting.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit.
  • Transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits used to implement receiving and transmitting functions may be separate or integrated.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for reading and writing code/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transmission.
  • the processor 501 may store instructions 503, and the instructions 503 run on the processor 501, so that the communication apparatus 500 can execute the methods described in the above method embodiments.
  • the instructions 503 may be hardened in the processor 501, in which case the processor 501 may be implemented by hardware.
  • the communication apparatus 500 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the function of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the processors and transceivers described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards ( printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be fabricated using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS P-type Metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • SiGe silicon germanium
  • GaAs gallium arsenide
  • the communication apparatus described in the above embodiments may be a network device or a terminal, but the scope of the communication apparatus described in this application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the communication apparatus may not be limited by FIG. 5 .
  • the communication apparatus may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the communication means may be:
  • a set with one or more ICs may also include a storage component for storing data and instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (MSM)
  • the communication device may be a chip or a chip system
  • the chip 600 shown in FIG. 6 includes a processor 601 and an interface 602 .
  • the number of processors 601 may be one or more, and the number of interfaces 602 may be multiple.
  • the interface 602 is used to send second information and uplink data, and the uplink data is sent by using the second access mode; the second information is used to indicate the first access mode, and the first access mode is that the terminal is using the second access mode.
  • the access mode is the access mode used to send the uplink data before sending the uplink data.
  • the chip further includes a memory 603, and the memory 603 is used for storing necessary program instructions and data of the terminal.
  • the interface 602 is configured to receive the second information and uplink data, and the uplink data is received in the second access mode; the processor 601 is configured to determine the first access mode according to the second information, and the first access mode is The access mode is the access mode used by the terminal to send uplink data before using the second access mode to send uplink data.
  • the chip further includes a memory 603, and the memory 603 is used for storing necessary program instructions and data of the network device.
  • the processor in this embodiment of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip, which has a signal processing capability.
  • each step of the above method embodiments may be completed by a hardware integrated logic circuit in a processor or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable circuits. Programming logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • the memory in this embodiment of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory may be read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically programmable Erase programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory may be random access memory (RAM), which acts as an external cache.
  • RAM random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous DRAM
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM synchronous link dynamic random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the present application further provides a computer-readable medium for storing computer software instructions, and when the instructions are executed by the communication device, the methods described in the foregoing method embodiments are implemented.
  • the present application further provides a computer program product containing instructions, when the instructions are executed by the communication device, the methods described in the above method embodiments are implemented.
  • the above-mentioned embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line, DSL) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, high-density digital video discs (DVDs)), or semiconductor media (eg, solid state disks, SSD)) etc.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种信息传输方法、通信装置及计算机存储介质。该方法中，终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据时，还可以发送第二信息，该第二信息指示了终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式，如第一接入方式。从而，有利于网络设备获知第二接入方式是该终端采用该第一接入方式接入或数据传输没有成功时，再采用的接入方式，进而有利于网络设备优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，以提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。

Description

一种信息传输方法、通信装置及计算机可读存储介质
本申请要求于2020年6月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为202010605307.X、申请名称为“一种信息传输方法、通信装置及计算机可读存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种信息传输方法、通信装置及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
随着超可靠低时延(ultra reliable low latency，URLLC)、机器通信(machine type communication，MTC)以及物联网(internet of things，IoT)的迅速发展，小包和低时延需求的数据传输具有越来越多的应用场景。为满足这一类数据的传输效率，终端可支持多种接入方式，比如，提前数据传输(early data transmission，EDT)、两步随机接入(2-step physical random access channel，2-step RACH)、无竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-free configured grant transmission，contention-free CG)等。这样，如果一种接入方式的接入过程或数据传输过程不成功，可采用其他接入方式尝试接入或数据传输，以提高接入成功或数据传输成功的概率。
比如，终端选择2-step RACH进行接入操作，若终端发送2-step RACH的MsgA次数已达到2-step RACH所配置的最大接入次数，网络设备依旧无法正确译码该MsgA所携带的上行数据，即接入仍不成功时，终端可采用四步随机接入(4-step physical random access channel，4-step RACH)，发送4-step RACH过程中的Msg1，即终端向网络设备发送preamble，终端获得网络设备发送的针对Msg1的随机接入响应后，根据该随机接入响应中的上行授权(UL grant)发送该上行数据。
然而，针对上述可采用多种接入方式进行网络接入或者数据传输的场景，如何提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率，成为一个亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种信息传输方法、通信装置及计算机可读存储介质，有利于提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
第一方面，本申请提供一种信息传输方法。该方法中，终端发送第二信息和上行数据，上行数据是采用第二接入方式发送的；第二信息指示第一接入方式，第一接入方式为终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。
可见，终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据时，还发送了第二信息，以告知网络设备，终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的第一接入方式，从而有利于网络设备获知第二接入方式是终端采用该第一接入方式没有成功时再采用的接入方 式，有利于网络设备优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，以提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
在一种实施方式中，该第二接入方式为四步随机接入4-step RACH，第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、两步随机接入2-step RACH。
在另一种可选的实施方式中，该第二接入方式为提前数据传输EDT；第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的授权传输contention-based CG、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入2-step RACH with UP data。
在又一种可选的实施方式中，该第二接入方式为两步随机接入2-step RACH；第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG。
可见，当终端采用的第一接入方式为contention-free CG，且采用contention-free CG发送上行数据不成功时，可采用以下接入方式中的其中一种接入方式尝试发送上行数据：4-step RACH、EDT、2-step RACH；当终端采用的第一接入方式为contention-based CG，且采用contention-based CG发送上行数据不成功时，可采用以下接入方式中的其中一种接入方式尝试发送上行数据：4-step RACH、EDT、2-step RACH；当终端采用的第一接入方式为2-step RACH，且采用2-step RACH发送上行数据不成功时，可采用以下接入方式中的其中一种接入方式尝试发送上行数据：4-step RACH、EDT。因此，上述各实施方式根据第一接入方式可灵活选择第二接入方式，从而在第一接入方式接入不成功的情况下，改善了第二接入方式的选择灵活性，进而有利于改善终端接入成功或数据传输成功的概率。
在一种可选的实施方式中，终端还发送第三信息，第三信息用于指示终端采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的次数。也就是说，终端在发送第二信息和上行数据时，还发送了第三信息，以指示终端采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的尝试次数。从而，有利于网络设备根据该次数，获得终端采用第二接入方式发送上行数据的尝试次数，进而有利于优化第二接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
在一种可选的实施方式中，终端采用初始的接入方式发送上行数据时，可不发送用于指示当前的接入方式为初始接入方式的第一信息，从而有利于节省信令开销。
在另一种可选的实施方式中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，还可发送用于指示当前的接入方式为初始接入方式的第一信息。即在该实施例中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，同时携带第一信息，该第一信息用于指示当前的接入方式为初始接入方式，网络设备接收终端所发送的信息，会同时获得上行数据和第一信息。也即在该信息传输方法中，在终端发送第二信息和上行数据之前，终端还可以采用第一接入方式发送上行数据和第一信息，第一信息指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。该方式中，网络设备接收到的上行信息格式相同，上行信息为上行数据和第一信息，或者上行信息为上行数据和第二信息，从而有利于改善网络设备对该两种接入方式的兼容能力，减少网络设备对上行信息解读的复杂度。
第二方面，本申请还提供一种信息传输方法，该方面的信息传输方法与第一方面所述的信息传输方法相对应，该方面的信息传输方法是从网络设备侧进行阐述的。该方法中，网络设备采用第二接入方式接收上行数据时，还接收了第二信息，并根据第二信息确定了第一接入方式，第一接入方式为终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。从而，网络设备获知到该终端当前采用的第二接入方式是采用该第一接入方式发送上行数据没有成功时，再采用的接入方式，从而有利于网络设备优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，以提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
在一种可选的实施方式中，第二接入方式为四步随机接入4-step RACH；第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、两步随机接入2-step RACH。
在另一种可选的实施方式中，第二接入方式为提前数据传输EDT；第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入2-step RACH with UP data。
在又一种实施方式中，第二接入方式为两步随机接入2-step RACH；第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG。
可见，终端采用的第一接入方式可为多种接入方式；当终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，可选的第二接入方式也有多种。因此，上述各实施方式根据第一接入方式可灵活选择第二接入方式，从而在第一接入方式发送上行数据不成功的情况下，改善了第二接入方式的选择灵活性，进而有利于改善终端接入成功或数据传输成功的概率。
在一种实现方式中，网络设备在采用第二接收方式接收上行数据时，还接收用于指示终端采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的次数的第三信息。本申请实施例有利于网络设备根据该次数，进一步获得终端采用第二接入方式发送上行数据的尝试次数，进而优化第二接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
在一种可选的实施方式中，由于终端不发送用于指示当前的接入方式为初始接入方式的第一信息，则网络设备在采用第一接入方式接收上行数据时，不接收指示当前的接入方式为初始接入方式的第一信息，从而有利于节省信令开销。
在另一种可选的实施方式中，网络设备接收上行数据时，还接收第一信息，第一信息指示终端当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。在该实施例中，网络设备接收到上行数据和第一信息。即在该信息传输方法中，在终端发送第二信息和上行数据之前，终端还可以采用第一接入方式发送上行数据和第一信息，第一信息指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。本申请实施例中，网络设备接收到的上行信息格式相同，从而有利于改善网络设备对该两种接入方式的兼容能力，减少网络设备对信息解读的复杂度。
第三方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置。该通信装置具有实现上述第一方面所述的终端的部分或全部功能。比如，该通信装置的功能可具备本申请中终端的部分或全部实施例 中的功能，也可以具备单独实施本申请中的任一个实施例的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元或模块。
在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置的结构中可包括处理单元和通信单元，所述处理单元被配置为支持通信装置执行上述方法中相应的功能。所述通信单元用于支持通信装置与其他通信装置之间的通信。所述通信装置还可以包括存储单元，所述存储单元用于与处理单元和通信单元耦合，其保存通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
一种实施方式中，所述通信装置包括：
通信单元，用于发送第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式发送的；
所述第二信息用于指示第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为所述终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实施方式可参见上述第一方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
作为示例，通信单元可以为收发器或通信接口，存储单元可以为存储器，处理单元可以为处理器。
一种实施方式中，所述通信装置包括：
收发器，用于发送第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式发送的；
所述第二信息用于指示第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为所述终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
另外，该方面中，通信装置其他可选的实施方式可参见上述第一方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
在实现过程中，处理器可用于进行，例如但不限于，基带相关处理，收发器可用于进行，例如但不限于，射频收发。上述器件可以分别设置在彼此独立的芯片上，也可以至少部分的或者全部的设置在同一块芯片上。例如，处理器可以进一步划分为模拟基带处理器和数字基带处理器。其中，模拟基带处理器可以与收发器集成在同一块芯片上，数字基带处理器可以设置在独立的芯片上。随着集成电路技术的不断发展，可以在同一块芯片上集成的器件越来越多。例如，数字基带处理器可以与多种应用处理器(例如但不限于图形处理器，多媒体处理器等)集成在同一块芯片之上。这样的芯片可以称为系统芯片(System on Chip)。将各个器件独立设置在不同的芯片上，还是整合设置在一个或者多个芯片上，往往取决于产品设计的需要。本申请实施例对上述器件的实现形式不做限定。
第四方面，本申请还提供一种通信装置。该通信装置具有实现上述第二方面所述的方法示例中网络设备的部分或全部功能。比如，通信装置的功能可具备本申请中网络设备的部分或全部实施例中的功能，也可以具备单独实施本申请中的任一个实施例的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的单元或模块。
在一种可能的设计中，该通信装置的结构中可包括处理单元和通信单元，所述处理单元被配置为支持通信装置执行上述方法中相应的功能。所述通信单元用于支持通信装置与其他通信装置之间的通信。所述通信装置还可以包括存储单元，所述存储单元用于与处理 单元和发送单元耦合，其保存通信装置必要的程序指令和数据。
一种实施方式中，所述通信装置包括：
通信单元，用于接收第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式接收的；
处理单元，用于根据所述第二信息确定第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为所述终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
另外，该方面中，信息传输方法中各种可选的实施方式可参见上述第二方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
作为示例，处理单元可以为处理器，通信单元可以为收发器或通信接口，存储单元可以为存储器。
一种实施方式中，所述通信装置包括：
收发器，用于接收第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式接收的；
处理器，用于根据所述第二信息确定第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为所述终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
该方面中，信息传输方法中各种可选的实施方式可参见上述第二方面的相关内容，此处不再详述。
第五方面，本申请还提供一种处理器，用于执行上述各种方法。在执行这些方法的过程中，上述方法中有关发送上述信息和接收上述信息的过程，可以理解为由处理器输出上述信息的过程，以及处理器接收输入的上述信息的过程。在输出上述信息时，处理器将该上述信息输出给收发器，以便由收发器进行发射。该上述信息在由处理器输出之后，还可能需要进行其他的处理，然后才到达收发器。类似的，处理器接收输入的上述信息时，收发器接收该上述信息，并将其输入处理器。更进一步的，在收发器收到该上述信息之后，该上述信息可能需要进行其他的处理，然后才输入处理器。
基于上述原理，举例来说，前述方法中提及的发送第二信息和上行数据可以理解为处理器输出第二信息和上行数据。又例如，接收第二信息和上行数据可以理解为处理器接收输入的第二信息和上行数据。
对于处理器所涉及的发射、发送和接收等操作，如果没有特殊说明，或者，如果未与其在相关描述中的实际作用或者内在逻辑相抵触，则均可以更加一般性的理解为处理器输出和接收、输入等操作，而不是直接由射频电路和天线所进行的发射、发送和接收操作。
在实现过程中，上述处理器可以是专门用于执行这些方法的处理器，也可以是执行存储器中的计算机指令来执行这些方法的处理器，例如通用处理器。上述存储器可以为非瞬时性(non-transitory)存储器，例如只读存储器(Read Only Memory，ROM)，其可以与处理器集成在同一块芯片上，也可以分别设置在不同的芯片上，本申请实施例对存储器的类型以及存储器与处理器的设置方式不做限定。
第六方面，本申请还提供了一种通信系统，该系统包括上述方面的至少一个终端、至少一个网络设备。在另一种可能的设计中，该系统还可以包括本申请提供的方案中与终端或网络设备进行交互的其他设备。
第七方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于储存计算机软件指令，当所 述指令被通信装置执行时，实现上述第一方面所述的方法。
第八方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，用于储存计算机软件指令，当所述指令被通信装置执行时，实现上述第二方面所述的方法。
第九方面，本申请还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行上述第一方面所述的方法。
第十方面，本申请还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得通信装置执行上述第二方面所述的方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和接口，所述接口用于获取程序或指令，所述处理器用于调用所述程序或指令以实现或者支持终端实现第一方面所涉及的功能，例如，确定或处理上述方法中所涉及的数据和信息中的至少一种。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于保存终端必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
第十二方面，本申请提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器和接口，所述接口用于获取程序或指令，所述处理器用于调用所述程序或指令以实现或者支持网络设备实现第二方面所涉及的功能，例如，确定或处理上述方法中所涉及的数据和信息中的至少一种。在一种可能的设计中，所述芯片系统还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于保存网络设备必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。
附图说明
图1是本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图2a是目前的一种四步随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图2b是目前的一种提前数据传输方法的流程示意图；
图2c是目前的一种两步随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图2d是目前的一种回退的两步随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图2e是目前的一种携带用户面数据的两步随机接入方法的流程示意图；
图2f是目前的一种无竞争的配置授权的传输方法的流程示意图；
图3a是本申请实施例提供的一种信息传输方法的流程示意图；
图3b是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息传输方法的示意图；
图3c是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息传输方法的示意图；
图3d是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息传输方法的示意图；
图3e是本申请实施例提供的又一种信息传输方法的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的另一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合本申请实施例中的附图对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。
首先，为了更好的理解本申请实施例公开的信息传输方法，对本申请实施例适用的通 信系统进行描述。
本申请的技术方案可应用于各种通信系统中。例如，全球移动通信系统、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)频分双工系统、LTE时分双工系统、通用移动通信系统，以及随着通信技术的不断发展，本申请的技术方案还可用于后续演进的通信系统，如第五代移动通信(5th-generation，5G)系统等等。
请参见图1，图1为本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图。该通信系统可包括但不限于一个网络设备和一个终端。图1所示的设备数量和形态用于举例并不构成对本申请实施例的限定，实际应用中可以包括两个或两个以上的网络设备，两个或两个以上的终端。图1所示的通信系统以一个网络设备，一个终端，且该网络设备能够为该终端提供服务为例进行阐述。其中，图1中的网络设备以基站为例，终端以手机为例。
本申请中，网络设备为网络侧的一种用于发射或接收信号的实体，网络设备可为具有无线收发功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片，该网络设备包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、网络设备控制器(base station controller，BSC)、网络设备收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭网络设备(例如，home evolved Node B，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线保真(wireless fidelity，WIFI)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)、无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为4G、5G甚至6G系统中使用的设备，如，NR系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，4G系统中的网络设备的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，或微微网络设备(Picocell)，或毫微微网络设备(Femtocell)，或，智能驾驶场景中的路侧单元(road side unit，RSU)。
本申请中，终端为终端侧的一种用于接收或发射信号的实体，终端也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、终端设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、用户代理或用户装置，可以应用于4G、5G甚至6G系统。本申请的实施例中的终端可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、前述的无线终端类型的RSU等等。
为了便于理解本申请公开的实施例，作以下两点说明。
(1)本申请公开的实施例中场景以无线通信网络中新空口(New Radio，NR)网络的场景为例进行说明，应当指出的是，本申请公开的实施例中的方案还可以应用于其他无线通信网络中，相应的名称也可以用其他无线通信网络中的对应功能的名称进行替代。
(2)本申请公开的实施例将围绕包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现本申请的各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以 使用这些方案的组合。
其次，对本申请实施例涉及的相关概念进行简单的介绍。
1、上行数据
上行数据包括控制面数据(CP data)，或者上行数据包括控制面数据和用户面数据(UP data)。根据网络架构中数据流和信令流的走向，NR通信协议栈分为两个平面：用户面和控制面，用户数据根据用户面协议栈进行传输，系统的控制信令根据控制面协议栈进行传输。可理解的，控制面数据一般是指系统的控制信令，比如RRC信令消息(连接建立请求，连接回复请求等)，系统消息等。终端的待传数据包括控制面数据和用户面数据。
2、接入方式
接入方式指终端开始尝试接入网络、进行小区切换等场景时需要采用的方式。为了提升上行数据传输效率，尤其是针对小包数据业务，无线通信网络开始支持在随机接入过程中携带上行数据的传输方案。在本申请方案中，接入方式是广义的随机接入方式，除了随机接入外，还指可携带上行数据的数据传输方式，即接入方式包括随机接入方式和/或其他数据传输方式。随机接入方式包括四步随机接入(4-step physical random access channel，4-step RACH)、提前数据传输(early data transmission，EDT)、两步随机接入(2-step physical random access channel，2-step RACH)、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入(2-step RACH with user plane data，2-step RACH with UP data)。其他数据传输方式包括无竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-free configured grant transmission，contention-free CG)和基于竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-based configured grant transmission，contention-based CG)。本申请实施例中，接入方式的种类并不限于以上所述的接入方式。
4-step RACH：4-step RACH的流程如图2a所示，包括：终端向网络设备发送Msg1，此处网络设备为gNB，Msg1为随机接入前导码preamble，preamble用于请求接入；网络设备接收该Msg1，并对preamble检测成功时，向终端发送Msg2，Msg2包括随机接入响应；终端接收该Msg2，并确认随机接入响应成功时，向网络设备发送Msg3，请求连接，Msg3为物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)，PUSCH携带上行数据；网络设备接收Msg3，并对Msg3中的上行数据译码成功时，向终端发送Msg4，Msg4包括物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)和物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)，Msg4用于告知终端针对Msg3的竞争解决成功，连接建立；终端接收Msg4，并确认Msg4中所携带的竞争解决成功时，向网络设备发送物理上行控制信道(physical uplink control channel，PUCCH)，PUCCH携带HARQ-ACK，HARQ-ACK用于终端向网络设备确认随机接入成功。
EDT：是一种在随机接入过程中携带UP data的传输方案。一种EDT流程如图2b所示。由图2b可以看出，EDT与4-step RACH的区别在于：在EDT中，PUSCH携带上行数据，上行数据中除了连接建立请求(可理解为控制面数据)外，还包括UP data，即终端在发送Msg3时，也可发送UP data。与终端采用4-step RACH接入成功后，再发送UP data的方式相比，该方式在连接建立的过程中就发送了UP data，可提高UP data的传输效率。
2-step RACH：为满足低时延需求的数据传输而提出的一种随机接入方式。一种2-step  RACH流程如图2c所示，包括：终端发送MsgA，MsgA包括preamble和PUSCH，即终端采用2-step RACH发送MsgA的过程，相当于终端将4-step RACH中的Msg1和Msg3的合并发送的过程；终端接收MsgB，MsgB为网络设备针对MsgA的响应信息，MsgB包括以下响应中的至少一种：网络设备对preamble的响应、网络设备对PUSCH的响应。
在一种情况中，如图2c所示，网络设备对preamble检测成功，也对PUSCH中上行数据译码成功，则发送的MsgB中包含对PUSCH的响应，即MsgB包含随机接入响应和竞争解决信息，该过程被称为成功随机接入响应(success random access response，successRAR)。终端在确认successRAR中携带的竞争解决正确后，向网络设备发送HARQ-ACK，确认随机接入成功。
在另一种情况中，如图2d所示，若网络设备对preamble检测成功，对PUSCH中上行数据译码不成功时，则发送的MsgB中只包含对preamble的响应，即MsgB只包含随机接入响应，该过程被称为回退随机接入响应(fallback random access response，fallbackRAR)。终端接收到MsgB时，根据fallbackRAR中的UL grant指示，向终端发送Msg3，Msg3为PUSCH，PUSCH携带的上行数据为MsgA中PUSCH携带的上行数据；网络设备接收Msg3，并对Msg3中的PUSCH中上行数据译码成功后，向终端发送Msg4；终端接收Msg4，并确认Msg4中所携带的竞争解决正确后，向网络设备发送HARQ-ACK，确认随机接入成功。该过程称为2-step RACH的回退过程，即终端在采用2-step RACH发送上行数据不成功时，回退到4-step RACH中发送Msg3的过程。
2-step RACH with UP data：在目前3GPP Release 15(Rel-15)协议中，2-step RACH中的MsgA用来携带CP data，比如，用来携带RRC连接请求(radio resource control connection establishment request)，RRC连接恢复请求(radio resource control connection resume request)等。在后续的协议中，为提升小包数据的传输效率，MsgA可同时携带CP data和UP data。因此，如图2e所示，将2-step RACH中的MsgA同时携带CP data和UP data的2-step RACH称为2-step RACH with UP data，但本申请实施例中不限定该接入方式的命名，比如，该接入方式还可称为基于用户面数据的两步随机接入等等。
contention-free CG：是指当有数据包到达终端时，终端在网络侧配置的资源上发起数据传输，该资源为网络设备提前为终端配置的用于进行无竞争的配置授权的传输的资源。无竞争的配置授权的传输的示意图如图2f所示，在无竞争的配置授权的传输中，对于不同的终端而言，网络设备发送的其传输资源和参数配置信息是用户特定的(UE-specific)配置，即每个终端收到的传输资源和参数配置信息是针对单个终端的。在无竞争的配置授权的传输的一个例子中不同终端之间的导频是正交的，不同终端之间不存在导频碰撞的现象；或者不同终端之间的时频资源是正交的，不同终端之间不存在时频资源碰撞的现象。
contention-based CG：是指当有数据包到达终端时，终端也可在网络侧配置的资源上发起数据传输，该资源为网络设备提前为终端配置的用于进行基于竞争的配置授权的传输的资源。不同终端之间的时频资源或者导频可能发生碰撞，即终端是在该资源中随机选择时频资源或者导频的，不同终端之间可能会竞争同一时频资源或者导频，从而出现时频资源碰撞或者导频碰撞的现象。因此，基于竞争的配置授权的传输相对于无竞争的配置授权的传输而言，接入成功的概率小于后者的成功接入概率。本申请实施例不限定该接入方式的 命名，比如，该接入方式还可以称为基于携带竞争的配置授权的传输，等等。
3、最大接入次数
最大接入次数是网络设备给终端配置的，指终端可采用接入方式发送上行数据的最大次数。该最大接入次数也可称为最大尝试接入次数。若终端支持多种接入方式，则网络设备可以给终端针对每种接入方式配置一个最大接入次数，若终端采用一种接入方式发送上行数据的尝试次数达到该接入方式的最大接入次数，仍不成功，则不能继续采用该方式发送上行数据。此时，终端可采用其他接入方式尝试发送上行数据。终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据不成功是指：终端在采用第一接入方式发送上行数据的次数达到第一接入方式的最大接入次数时，终端都未接收到网络设备发送的针对上行数据的确认信息，该确认信息可以是网络设备针对上行数据的竞争解决信息，或者该确认消息是网络设备对上行数据译码成功的确认信息。其中，若终端采用第一接入方式接入网络，网络设备对终端发送的上行数据译码成功时，向终端发送竞争解决信息，此时的确认信息为竞争解决信息；若终端采用第一接入方式进行数据传输，网络设备对终端发送的上行数据译码成功时，向终端发送对上行数据译码成功的确认信息，此时的确认信息为网络设备对上行数据译码成功的确认信息。
4、第一信息、第二信息、第三信息
第一信息为指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式的信息；第二信息为指示第一接入方式的信息；第三信息为指示终端采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的次数的信息，终端采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的次数也可称为采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的尝试次数。
本申请实施例中不限制以上信息的命名，比如，第二信息还可称为回退信息、回退标识，等等。
5、接入方式的资源配置信息
接入方式的资源配置信息是网络设备为接入方式配置的，是终端接入或数据传输采用的资源。例如，接入方式的资源配置信息可包括以下一种或多种：前导码初始发送功率、传输资源以及允许接入的终端数量等。本申请实施例对资源配置信息中包括的参数不做限定。
再次，对本申请所要解决的技术问题进行简单的描述。
为了提高终端接入成功或者小包数据传输成功的概率，终端选择一种接入方式进行上行数据传输时，如果终端未收到网络设备针对该上行数据的确认消息时，终端可以尝试多次进行上行数据的传输过程，在该上行数据的传输过程中，网络设备无法获知终端设备的尝试次数，因此无法及时对终端的发送资源进行调整。目前，针对一种接入方式进行接入的情况下，优化终端的接入效率的方式是：由终端上报该种接入方式尝试接入的次数，进而，网络设备根据该次数获知该接入方式的资源使用情况，通过调整该接入方式的资源配置信息，从而改善该接入方式的接入效率。
然而，对于采用多种接入方式进行接入或数据传输的情况下，终端在采用一种接入方式发送上行数据的次数达到该接入方式的最大接入次数，仍不成功时，可采用其他接入方 式尝试发送上行数据。终端尝试接入的次数是总次数，即无论采用多少种接入方式，该尝试接入或数据传输的次数是连续计数的，并不区分每种接入方式的具体接入或数据传输次数，从而导致网络设备根据该总次数调整的资源配置信息可能并不合理，无法实现接入效率或数据传输效率优化的效果。另外，网络设备无法获知终端采用的当前接入方式的动机是初始选择，还是在采用其他接入方式发送上行数据不成功时的再次选择，导致网络设备无法获知接入方式的资源使用情况，进而导致无法改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
例如，终端采用2-step RACH发送MsgA次数已达到2-step RACH所配置的最大接入次数，网络设备依旧无法正确译码该MsgA所携带的上行数据，即接入仍不成功时，终端可采用4-step RACH发送Msg1，在收到网络设备针对Msg1的随机接入响应后，终端根据随机接入响应中的UL grant所确定的时频资源发送该上行数据。该情况下，网络设备无法获知终端采用4-step RACH的动机是初始选择，还是2-step RACH尝试接入失败时的再次选择。
因此，如何在上述采用多种接入方式进行网络接入或者数据传输的场景中，提高接入效率或者数据传输效率成为一个亟待解决的问题。
本申请实施例为了解决上述问题，提供了一种信息传输方法，以下结合附图对本申请实施例进行阐述。
请参阅图3a，图3a是本申请实施例提供的一种信息传输方法100的示意图。该信息传输方法100从终端与网络设备交互的角度进行阐述。该信息传输方法100包括但不限于以下步骤：
S101、终端发送第二信息和上行数据；
第二信息用于指示第一接入方式，第一接入方式为终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。其中，步骤S101发送的上行数据是终端采用第二接入方式发送的。
终端采用第二接入方式发送的上行数据是终端采用第一接入方式发送的上行数据。或者，终端采用第二接入方式发送的上行数据是终端采用第一接入方式发送的上行数据中的一部分数据，本申请实施例对上行数据不做限定。
比如，终端采用第一接入方式发送的上行数据包括CP data和UP data，终端采用第二接入方式发送的上行数据可包括CP data。
S102、网络设备接收第二信息和上行数据；
其中，上行数据是采用第二接入方式接收的。
S103、网络设备根据第二信息确定第一接入方式。
在一种实施方式中，第二信息和上行数据都位于PUSCH中，终端采用第二接入方式，通过PUSCH将第二信息和上行数据发送至网络设备，使得网络设备直接从第二信息中获知终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。在一实施方式中，第二信息和上行数据作为一个传输块，共同进行信道编码。
在另一种实施方式中，第二信息携带于上行控制信息(uplink control indicator，UCI)中，UCI和上行数据位于PUSCH中，终端采用第二接入方式，通过PUSCH将UCI和上行 数据一起发送至网络设备，使得网络设备从UCI中的第二信息中，获知终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。在一实施方式中，UCI和上行数据分别独立进行信道编码，UCI和上行数据都在PUSCH上进行传输。
在另一种实施方式中，第二信息携带于UCI中，UCI位于上行控制信道(physical uplink control channel，PUCCH)中，上行数据位于PUSCH中，终端采用第二接入方式，通过PUCCH和PUSCH分别将UCI和上行数据一起发送至网络设备，使得网络设备从UCI携带的第二信息中，获知终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。
可见，本申请实施例中，终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据时，也将第二信息发送至了网络设备，使得网络设备获知终端采用的接入方式是第二接入方式，并能够根据第二信息获知终端采用第二接入方式的动机是：终端采用第二信息指示的第一接入方式发送上行数据的次数达到最大接入次数仍不成功时的再次选择，从而有利于网络设备优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，以提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
另外，本申请实施例通过第二信息将终端无法通过第一接入方式成功接入网络或者成功传输上行数据告知网络设备，有利于网络设备有针对性的优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或者数据传输效率，有利于网络设备对不同接入方式的资源配置信息进行调整。
请参阅图3b，图3b是本申请实施例提供的另一种信息传输方法200的示意图。该信息传输方法200也从终端与网络设备交互的角度进行阐述，并以终端采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式接入成功为例进行阐述。该信息传输方法200包括但不限于以下步骤：
S201、终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据，若终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据的次数达到最大接入次数时仍未接收到网络设备的确认信息时，执行步骤S202；
可选的，终端也可通过未接收到网络设备返回的其他信息，确定采用第一接入方式接入失败或数据传输失败，执行步骤S202。
一种实施方式，如步骤201中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，还发送第一信息，该第一信息用于指示当前的接入方式为初始接入方式。从而，有利于网络设备获知终端采用第一接入方式的动机是初始选择，进而有利于调整第一接入方式的资源配置信息。另外，结合步骤S203发送的第二信息，网络设备接收终端发送的上行数据之外，还均需接收第一信息或第二信息，该实施方式有利于改善网络设备对两种接入方式的兼容能力。
另一种实施方式，步骤201中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，可不发送用于指示当前的接入方式为初始接入方式的第一信息，从而有利于节省信令开销。
S202、终端采用第二接入方式发送第二信息和上行数据；
S203、网络设备采用第二接入方式接收第二信息和上行数据；
S204、网络设备利用第二接入方式发送确认信息；
S205、网络设备根据第二信息确定第一接入方式；
S206、终端接收确认信息，并向网络设备发送确认(ACK)。
其中，S204和S206为可选的步骤。
可见，本申请实施例中，终端发送上行数据的次数达到最大接入次数，仍未接收到确 认信息时，可采用第二接入方式发送上行数据和第二信息，使得网络设备通过第二信息获知到终端设备采用第二接入方式之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式为第一接入方式，从而有利于优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或者数据传输效率。
在一种实施方式中，上述信息传输方法100、信息传输方法200中，终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据时，还可以发送第三信息，第三信息用于指示采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的次数，使得网络设备也获知到终端接入或数据传输成功之前的总次数。由于终端是采用第一接入方式发送上行数据发送了网络设备配置的最大接入次数，仍未成功时，再采用第二接入方式发送上行数据的，因此，网络设备将获得的采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的总次数减去第一接入方式的最大接入次数，获得终端采用第二接入方式发送上行数据的尝试次数，进而根据该尝试次数获知第二接入方式的资源使用情况，从而有利于优化第二接入方式的资源配置信息。
比如，第一接入方式为contention-based CG，第二接入方式为4-step RACH，即终端采用contention-based CG发送上行数据不成功时，采用4-step RACH发送上行数据。网络设备给终端发送的配置信息中包括最大接入次数和contention-based CG的最大接入次数，其中contention-based CG的最大接入次数是小于或等于最大接入次数，contention-based CG的最大接入次数是最大接入次数中的一部分。可选的，网络设备可以设置第一阈值，该第一阈值小于或等于最大接入次数，当终端采用4-step RACH发送上行数据尝试次数大于该第一阈值时，网络设备可以调整4-step RACH的资源配置。
具体的，举例说明，网络设备给终端配置的最大接入次数为16次，其中网络设备给终端配置的contention-based CG的最大次数为4次，即当终端使用contention-based CG发送上行数据不成功时，终端可采用4-step RACH发送上行数据的最大尝试次数为12次。可选的，网络设备设置第一阈值等于4。若网络设备根据第三信息获知到终端采用contention-based CG和4-step RACH发送上行数据的尝试次数为9次，则网络设备可获知到终端采用4-step RACH发送上行数据的尝试次数为5次，大于第一阈值，此时网络设备获知4-step RACH的初始发送功率不够，或给4-step RACH配置的资源较少，因此网络设备可以指示终端抬升4-step RACH上的preamble初始发送功率，提高对4-step RACH检测的成功率，或者，增加4-step RACH的资源，以增加终端采用第二接入方式接入或进行数据传输的成功率。
一种可选的实施方式中，上述信息传输方法100、信息传输方法200中，网络设备还可以调整第一接入方式的资源配置信息。从而，有利于优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。其中，网络设备可优化资源配置信息中的以下一种或多种参数：前导码初始发送功率、传输资源以及允许接入的终端数量等。
比如，若多个终端均发送第二信息和上行数据，且均利用第二信息指示了终端采用第一接入方式没有将上行数据发送成功，那么网络设备可获知采用第一接入方式接入失败的终端数，进而根据该终端数和检测的采用第一接入方式发送上行数据的终端数，获知到第一接入方式的资源使用情况，若采用第一接入方式接入失败的终端数大于第二阈值，检测的采用第一接入方式发送上行数据的终端数小于第三阈值，则表明当前第一接入方式的资源足够，但第一接入方式的初始发射功率不够，需要提高第一接入方式的初始发射功率， 以增加网络设备对第一接入方式检测的成功率；或者，若失败的终端数大于第二阈值，检测的采用第一接入方式的终端数大于第三阈值，则表明当前第一接入方式的资源不够，需要增加第一接入方式的资源，以增加终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
以下结合具体的接入方式或数据传输方式阐述信息传输方法。另外，为便于阐述，将终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，采用第二接入方式尝试发送该上行数据的过程，可以称为第一接入方式回退(fallback)到第二接入方式。
本申请实施例以第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG、2-step RACH其中的一种，以及第二接入方式为4-step RACH为例，提供一种信息传输方法300。以第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG、2-step RACH with UP data其中的一种，以及第二接入方式为EDT为例，提供一种信息传输方法400。以第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG其中的一种，以及第二接入方式为2-step RACH为例，提供一种信息传输方法500。以下结合附图以及第二信息的索引表进行相应的阐述。
信息传输方法300如图3c所示，当终端采用contention-free CG、contention-based CG以及2-step RACH三种接入方式中的其中一种接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，终端可fallback到4-step RACH，采用4-step RACH过程发送preamble，并接收到网络设备针对preamble返回的随机接入响应信息时，终端根据响应消息中的UL grant所指示的资源向网络设备发送第二信息和上行数据。
可选的，如图3c所示，该信息传输方法300还包括：网络设备对第一接入方式的资源配置信息进行调整，并将调整后的资源配置信息发送给终端，从而优化了第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
其中，第二信息可结合表1中的索引，指示第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG、2-step RACH中的一种。
表1
索引 描述
00 第一接入方式为contention-based CG
01 第一接入方式为contention-free CG
10 第一接入方式为2-step RACH
11 保留
例如，终端采用4-step RACH发送的第二信息中的索引为00，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用4-step RACH发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是contention-based CG。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3c所示，终端采用4-step RACH的动机并不是初始选择，而是从contention-based CG回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对contention-based CG的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
再例如，终端采用4-step RACH发送的第二信息中的索引为01，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用4-step RACH发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是contention-free CG。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3c所示，终端采用4-step RACH的动 机并不是初始选择，而是从contention-free CG回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对contention-free CG的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
又例如，终端采用4-step RACH发送的第二信息中的索引为10，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用4-step RACH发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是2-step RACH。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3c所示，终端采用4-step RACH的动机并不是初始选择，而是从2-step RACH回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对2-step RACH的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
另外，表1中索引为11对应的描述可做“保留”。可选的，可用于描述后续其他接入方式。
另一实施方式中，如上述信息传输方法200的步骤S201中的第一信息可结合第二信息采用类似表1所示的索引以指示当前接入方式是否为初始接入方式，或者第一接入方式的具体接入类型。例如，如表2所示，终端发送的索引为00，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用的当前接入方式为初始的接入方式。
终端基于表2发送第二信息，以及网络设备根据表2解读第二信息，以获知第一接入方式的具体操作可参见上述表1的阐述，此处不再展开。
表2
索引 描述
00 当前接入方式为初始接入方式
01 第一接入方式为contention-based CG
10 第一接入方式为contention-free CG
11 第一接入方式为2-step RACH
在一种实施方式中，信息传输方法300中的第一接入方式为contention-based CG、2-step RACH其中的一种。相应的，第二信息可结合表3中的索引，指示第一接入方式为contention-based CG和2-step RACH中的一种。另外，第一信息可结合第二信息采用索引以指示当前接入方式是否为初始接入方式，或者第一接入方式的具体接入类型。这样，如表3所示，索引为00，描述终端采用的当前接入方式为初始的接入方式，即利用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，所发送的第一信息可为00。
另一种实施方式中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时可不发送第一信息，这样，表3中索引为00时，可用于描述第一接入方式的具体类型，如contention-based CG；相应的，其他索引对应的描述可相应调整。
另外，表3中索引为11对应的描述可做“保留”。可选的，可用于描述后续其他接入方式。
终端基于表3发送第二信息，以及网络设备根据表3解读第二信息，以获知第一接入方式的具体操作可参见上述表1的阐述，此处不再展开。
表3
索引 描述
00 当前接入方式为初始接入方式
01 第一接入方式为contention-based CG
10 第一接入方式为2-step RACH
11 保留
在另一种实施方式中，信息传输方法300中的第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG、2-step RACH以及2-step RACH with UP data其中的一种。第二信息可结合表4中的索引，指示第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG、2-step RACH以及2-step RACH with UP data中的一种。另外，第一信息可结合第二信息采用索引以指示当前接入方式是否为初始接入方式，或者第一接入方式的具体接入类型。这样，如表4所示，索引为000，描述终端采用的当前接入方式为初始的接入方式，即利用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，所发送的第一信息可为000。
另一种实施方式中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时可不发送第一信息，这样，表4中索引为000时，可用于描述第一接入方式的具体类型，如contention-based CG；相应的，其他索引对应的描述可相应调整。
另外，表4中索引为101-111对应的描述可做“保留”。可选的，可用于描述后续其他接入方式。
终端基于表4发送第二信息，以及网络设备根据表4解读第二信息，以获知第一接入方式的具体操作可参见上述表1的阐述，此处不再展开。
表4
索引 描述
000 当前接入方式为初始接入方式
001 第一接入方式为contention-free CG
010 第一接入方式为contention-based CG
011 第一接入方式为2-step RACH
100 第一接入方式为2-step RACH with UP data
101-111 保留
本申请实施例中，表4所示的第二信息中的索引占用三个比特，和表1、表2以及表3中的第二信息相比，占用了更多的信令开销。
本申请实施例中，当第二接入方式为4-step RACH时，第一接入方式不限于上述接入方式。
本申请实施例中，终端采用contention-free CG或contention-based CG发送上行数据时，上行数据可包括UP data，也可不包括UP data，在此不做限定。若终端采用contention-free CG或contention-based CG发送上行数据时，上行数据包括UP data，则终端采用4-step RACH发送第二信息和上行数据，且接收到针对该上行数据返回的确认信息时，向网络设备发送UP data，也可实现UP data的发送。
本申请实施例中，当终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，回退到4-step RACH，采用4-step RACH发送上行数据，同时也发送了第二信息，第二信息指示了终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式，即第一接入方式，从而有利于网络设备获知到终端采用4-step RACH的动机并不是初始选择，而是从第一接 入方式回退而选择的，从而优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
信息传输方法400如图3d所示，当终端采用contention-free CG、contention-based CG、2-step RACH with UP data三种接入方式中的其中一种接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，终端可fallback到EDT，采用EDT过程发送preamble，并接收到网络设备针对preamble返回的随机接入响应信息时，终端根据响应消息中的UL grant所指示的资源向网络设备发送第二信息和上行数据。
可选的，如图3d所示，该信息传输方法400还包括：网络设备对第一接入方式的资源配置信息进行调整，并将调整后的资源配置信息发送给终端，从而优化了第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
其中，第二信息可结合表5中的索引，指示第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG、2-step RACH with UP data中的一种。
表5
索引 描述
00 contention-free CG
01 contention-based CG
10 2-step RACH with UP data
11 保留
例如，终端采用EDT发送的第二信息中的索引为00，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用EDT发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是contention-free CG。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3d所示，终端采用EDT的动机是从contention-free CG回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对contention-free CG的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
再例如，终端采用EDT发送的第二信息中的第一索引为01，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用EDT发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是contention-based CG。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3d所示，终端采用EDT的动机是从contention-based CG回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对contention-based CG的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
又例如，终端采用EDT发送的第二信息中的索引为10，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用EDT发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是是2-step RACH with UP data。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3d所示，终端采用EDT的动机是从2-step RACH with UP data回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对2-step RACH with UP data的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
另外，表5中索引为11对应的描述可做“保留”。可选的，可用于描述后续其他接入方式。
在另一实施方式中，如上述信息传输方法200的步骤S201中的第一信息可结合第二信 息采用类似表5所示的索引以指示当前接入方式是否为初始接入方式，或者第一接入方式的具体接入类型。例如，如表6所示，终端发送的索引为00，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用的当前接入方式为初始的接入方式。
终端基于表6发送第二信息，以及网络设备根据表6解读第二信息，以获知第一接入方式的具体操作可参见上述表5的阐述，此处不再展开。
表6
索引 描述
00 当前接入方式为初始接入方式
01 contention-free CG
10 contention-based CG
11 2-step RACH with UP data
一种实施方式中，信息传输方法400中的第一接入方式为contention-based CG、2-step RACH with UP data其中的一个。此时，其中，第二信息可结合表7中的索引，指示第一接入方式为contention-based CG和2-step RACH with UP data中的一种。另外，第一信息可结合第二信息采用索引以指示当前接入方式是否为初始接入方式，或者第一接入方式的具体接入类型。这样，如表7所示，索引为00，描述终端采用的当前接入方式为初始的接入方式，即利用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，所发送的第一信息可为00。
另一种实施方式中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时可不发送第一信息，这样，表7中索引为00时，可用于描述第一接入方式的具体类型，如contention-based CG；相应的，其他索引对应的描述可相应调整。
另外，表7中索引为11对应的描述可做“保留”。可选的，可用于描述后续其他接入方式。
终端基于表7发送第二信息，以及网络设备根据表7解读第二信息，以获知第一接入方式的具体操作可参见上述表5的阐述，此处不再展开。
表7
索引 描述
00 当前接入方式为初始接入方式
01 第一接入方式为contention-based CG
10 第一接入方式为2-step RACH with UP data
11 保留
本申请实施例中，终端采用contention-free CG或contention-based CG发送上行数据时，上行数据包括UP data。
本申请实施例中，当第二接入方式为EDT时，第一接入方式不限于以上所述的接入方式。
本申请实施例，若终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据，上行数据包括UP data，则在采用第一接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，可回退到EDT。终端采用EDT过程发送上行数据时，也发送了第二信息，第二信息指示了终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用 于发送上行数据的接入方式为第一接入方式，使得网络设备获知到终端采用EDT的动机并不是初始选择，而是从第一接入方式回退而选择的，从而可优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
信息传输方法500如图3e所示，当终端采用contention-free CG、contention-based CG两种接入方式中的其中一种接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，终端可fallback到2-step RACH，采用2-step RACH过程向网络设备发送preamble、第二信息以及上行数据。
可选的，如图3e所示，该信息传输方法500还包括：网络设备对第一接入方式的资源配置信息进行调整，并将调整后的资源配置信息发送给终端，从而优化了第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
其中，第二信息可结合表8中的索引，指示第一接入方式为contention-free CG、contention-based CG中的一种。
表8
索引 描述
00 第一接入方式为contention-free CG
01 第一接入方式为contention-based CG
10-11 保留
例如，终端采用2-step RACH发送的第二信息中的索引为00，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用2-step RACH发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是contention-free CG。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3e所示，终端采用2-step RACH的动机并不是初始选择，而是从contention-free CG回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对contention-free CG的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
再例如，终端采用2-step RACH发送的第二信息中的索引为10，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用2-step RACH发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式是是contention-based CG。从而有利于网络设备获知，如图3e所示，终端采用2-step RACH的动机是从contention-based CG回退而选择的，有利于网络设备对contention-based CG的资源配置信息进行优化，改善终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
另外，表8中索引为10-11对应的描述可做“保留”。可选的，可用于描述后续其他接入方式。
在另一实施方式中，如上述信息传输方法200的步骤S201中的第一信息可结合第二信息采用类似表8所示的索引以指示当前接入方式是否为初始接入方式，或者第一接入方式的具体接入类型。例如，如表9所示，终端发送的索引为00，那么，网络设备可获知：终端采用的当前接入方式为初始的接入方式。
终端基于表9发送第二信息，以及网络设备根据表9解读第二信息，以获知第一接入方式的具体操作可参见上述表8的阐述，此处不再展开。
另外，表9中索引为11对应的描述可做“保留”。可选的，可用于描述后续其他接入方式。
表9
索引 描述
00 当前接入方式为初始接入方式
01 第一接入方式为contention-free CG
10 第一接入方式为contention-based CG
11 保留
在一种实施方式中，信息传输方法500中的第一接入方式为contention-based CG。此时，其中，第二信息可结合表10中的索引，指示第一接入方式为contention-based CG。另外，第一信息可结合第二信息采用索引以指示当前接入方式是否为初始接入方式，或者第一接入方式的具体接入类型。这样，如表10所示，索引为0，描述终端采用的当前接入方式为初始的接入方式，即利用第一接入方式发送上行数据时，所发送的第一信息可为0。
另一种实施方式中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据时可不发送第一信息，这样，表10中索引为0时，可用于描述第一接入方式的具体类型，如contention-based CG；相应的，其他索引对应的描述可相应调整。
终端基于表10发送第二信息，以及网络设备根据表10解读第二信息，以获知第一接入方式的具体操作可参见上述表8的阐述，此处不再展开。
表10
索引 描述
0 当前接入方式为初始接入方式
1 contention-based CG
本申请实施例中，表10所示的第二信息中的索引只占用一个比特，和表8、表9中的索引相比，可节省信令开销。
本申请实施例中，终端采用contention-based CG或contention-free CG发送上行数据时，上行数据包括UP data，也可不包括UP data，在此不做限定。
本申请实施例中，当第二接入方式为2-step RACH时，第一接入方式不限于上述的接入方式。
本申请实施例中，终端采用第一接入方式发送上行数据不成功时，回退到2-step RACH，采用2-step RACH发送第二信息和上行数据时，第二信息指示了终端在采用2-step RACH之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式，即第一接入方式，使得网络设备获知终端采用2-step RACH的动机并不是初始选择，而是从第一接入方式回退的，从而可优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
本申请实施例中，终端可采用的第二接入方式包括但不限于以上接入方式。比如，第二接入方式还可以为2-step RACH with UP data，当第二接入方式为2-step RACH with UP data时，第一接入方式可以为contention-free CG和contention-based CG中的其中一种。
本申请实施例中，不对第二信息的形式、取值以及对应的描述进行限定。
信息传输方法300至信息传输方法500中，网络设备可对第一接入方式的资源配置信息进行调整，以优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息。
比如，第一接入方式为2-step RACH，网络设备通过第二信息指示的第一接入方式，获知终端采用2-step RACH发送上行数据失败的终端数大于第二阈值，而网络设备检测到采用2-step RACH发送上行数据的终端数小于第三阈值，表明2-step RACH上的preamble初始发送功率不够，导致对2-step RACH的检测不成功，因此，网络设备抬升2-step RACH上的preamble初始发送功率，提高对2-step RACH检测的成功率，以提高终端接入的效率；或者，网络设备通过第二信息指示的第一接入方式，获知终端采用2-step RACH发送上行数据失败的终端数大于第二阈值，而网络设备检测到采用2-step RACH发送上行数据的终端数大于第三阈值，表明网络设备给2-step RACH分配的资源太少，不够终端采用2-step RACH发送上行数据，因此，网络设备增加2-step RACH的资源，或者减少选择2-step RACH的阈值，使得更少的终端能采用2-step RACH过程发送上行数据，以增加终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
信息传输方法300至信息传输方法500的其他实施方式可见信息传输方法100、信息传输方法200中所述的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从网络设备、终端、以及网络设备和终端之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，网络设备和终端可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
请参见图4，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。图4所示的通信装置400可包括通信单元401和处理单元402。通信单元401可包括发送单元和接收单元，发送单元用于实现发送功能，接收单元用于实现接收功能，通信单元401可以实现发送功能和/或接收功能。收发单元也可以描述为通信单元。
一种实施例中，通信装置400可以是终端，也可以终端中的装置，还可以是能够与网络设备匹配使用的装置。
所述通信单元401，用于发送第二信息和上行数据，上行数据是采用第二接入方式发送的；第二信息用于指示第一接入方式，第一接入方式为终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。
可见，通信装置400采用第二接入方式发送上行数据时，还发送了第二信息，以告知网络设备，通信装置400在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的第一接入方式，从而有利于网络设备获知第二接入方式是通信装置400采用该第一接入方式没有成功时再采用的接入方式，有利于网络设备优化第一接入方式的资源配置信息，以提高终端的接入效率或数据传输效率。
一种实施方式中，第二接入方式为四步随机接入(4-step RACH)；
第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-free CG)、基于竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-based CG)、两步随机接入(2-step RACH)。
一种实施方式中，第二接入方式为提前数据传输(EDT)；第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-free CG)、基于竞争的配置授权的授权传输(contention-based CG)、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入(2-step RACH with UP data)。
一种实施方式中，第二接入方式为两步随机接入(2-step RACH)；第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-free CG)、基于竞争的配置授权的传输(contention-based CG)。
在一种实施方式中，通信单元401发送第三信息，第三信息用于指示采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送上行数据的次数。
一种实施方式中，通信单元401发送第二信息和上行数据之前，采用第一接入方式发送上行数据和第一信息，第一信息指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。
另一种实施例中，通信装置400可以是网络设备，也可以网络设备中的装置，还可以是能够与终端匹配使用的装置。
一种实现方式中，通信单元401用于接收第二信息和上行数据，上行数据是采用第二接入方式接收的；处理单元402用于根据第二信息中确定第一接入方式，第一接入方式为终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。
另一种实现方式中，通信单元401接收第二信息和上行数据之前，接收上行数据和第一信息，第一信息指示终端当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。
其中，该实施方式的相关内容可参见上述方法实施例的相关内容。此处不再详述。
本申请实施例和信息传输方法100至信息传输方法500所示方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果也相同，具体原理请参照信息传输方法100至信息传输方法500所示实施例的描述，在此不赘述。
图5给出了一种通信装置的结构示意图。所述通信装置500可以是网络设备，也可以是终端，也可以是支持网络设备实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等，还可以是支持终端实现上述方法的芯片、芯片系统、或处理器等。该装置可用于实现上述方法实施例中描述的方法，具体可以参见上述方法实施例中的说明。
所述通信装置500可以包括一个或多个处理器501。所述处理器501可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，终端、终端芯片，DU或CU等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
可选的，所述通信装置500中可以包括一个或多个存储器502，其上可以存有指令504，所述指令可在所述处理器501上被运行，使得所述通信装置500执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器502中还可以存储有数据。所述处理器501和存储器502可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。
可选的，所述通信装置500还可以包括收发器505、天线506。所述收发器505可以称为收发单元、收发机、或收发电路等，用于实现收发功能。收发器505可以包括接收器和发送器，接收器可以称为接收机或接收电路等，用于实现接收功能；发送器可以称为发送 机或发送电路等，用于实现发送功能。
所述通信装置500为终端：处理器501用于执行信息传输方法100中的S103；收发器505用于执行信息传输方法100中的S101；执行信息传输方法200中的S201、S202、S206。
所述通信装置500为网络设备：处理器501用于执行信息传输方法200中的S205；收发器505用于执行信息传输方法100中的S102；执行信息传输方法200中的S203、S204。
另一种可能的设计中，处理器501中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发器。例如该收发器可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
又一种可能的设计中，可选的，处理器501可以存有指令503，指令503在处理器501上运行，可使得所述通信装置500执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。指令503可能固化在处理器501中，该种情况下，处理器501可能由硬件实现。
又一种可能的设计中，通信装置500可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor，CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor，PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(Bipolar Junction Transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
以上实施例描述中的通信装置可以是网络设备或者终端，但本申请中描述的通信装置的范围并不限于此，而且通信装置的结构可以不受图5的限制。通信装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述通信装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据，指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(MSM)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端、智能终端、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
对于通信装置可以是芯片或芯片系统的情况，可参见图6所示的芯片的结构示意图。图6所示的芯片600包括处理器601和接口602。其中，处理器601的数量可以是一个或多个，接口602的数量可以是多个。
对于芯片用于实现本申请实施例中终端的功能的情况：
所述接口602，用于发送第二信息和上行数据，上行数据是采用第二接入方式发送的；第二信息用于指示第一接入方式，第一接入方式为终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。
可选的，芯片还包括存储器603，存储器603用于存储终端必要的程序指令和数据。
对于芯片用于实现本申请实施例中网络设备的功能的情况：
所述接口602，用于接收第二信息和上行数据，上行数据是采用第二接入方式接收的；所述处理器601，用于根据第二信息中确定第一接入方式，第一接入方式为终端在采用第二接入方式发送上行数据之前用于发送上行数据的接入方式。
可选的，芯片还包括存储器603，存储器603用于存储网络设备必要的程序指令和数据。
本领域技术人员还可以了解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。本领域技术人员可以对于每种特定的应用，可以使用各种方法实现所述的功能，但这种实现不应被理解为超出本申请实施例保护的范围。
本申请实施例和信息传输方法100至信息传输方法500所示方法实施例基于同一构思，其带来的技术效果也相同，具体原理请参照信息传输方法100至信息传输方法500所示实施例的描述，在此不赘述。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的一些可选的特征，在某些场景下，可以不依赖于其他特征，比如其当前所基于的方案，而独立实施，解决相应的技术问题，达到相应的效果，也可以在某些场景下，依据需求与其他特征进行结合。相应的，本申请实施例中给出的通信装置也可以相应的实现这些特征或功能，在此不予赘述。
本领域技术人员还可以了解到本申请实施例列出的各种说明性逻辑块(illustrative logical block)和步骤(step)可以通过电子硬件、电脑软件，或两者的结合进行实现。这样的功能是通过硬件还是软件来实现取决于特定的应用和整个系统的设计要求。
应理解，本申请实施例中的处理器可以是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法实施例的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。
可以理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态 随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读介质，用于储存计算机软件指令，当所述指令被通信装置执行时，实现上述方法实施例所述的方法。
本申请还提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当所述指令被通信装置执行时，实现上述方法实施例所述的方法。
上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种信息传输方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    终端发送第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式发送的；
    所述第二信息用于指示第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为所述终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为四步随机接入4-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、两步随机接入2-step RACH。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为提前数据传输EDT；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的授权传输contention-based CG、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入2-step RACH with UP data。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为两步随机接入2-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送所述上行数据的次数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述终端发送第二信息和上行数据之前，采用第一接入方式发送所述上行数据和第一信息，所述第一信息指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。
  7. 一种信息传输方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    网络设备接收第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式接收的；
    所述网络设备根据所述第二信息确定第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为四步随机接入4-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、两步随机接入2-step RACH。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为提前数据传输EDT；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入2-step RACH with UP data。
  10. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为两步随机接入2-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG。
  11. 根据权利要求7至10任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    在所述网络设备接收第二信息和上行数据之前，所述网络设备接收所述上行数据和第一信息，所述第一信息指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。
  12. 根据权利要求7至11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备接收第三信息；所述第三信息用于指示所述终端采用所述第一接入方式和所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据的次数。
  13. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：
    通信单元，用于发送第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式发送的；
    所述第二信息用于指示第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为所述终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为四步随机接入4-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、两步随机接入2-step RACH。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为提前数据传输EDT；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的授权传输contention-based CG、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入2-step RACH with UP data。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为两步随机接入2-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG。
  17. 根据权利要求13至16任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信单元，还用于发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于指示采用第一接入方式和第二接入方式发送所述上行数据的次数。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信单元，还用于在所述通信单元发送第二信息和上行数据之前，采用第一接入方式发送所述上行数据和第一信息，所述第一信息指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。
  19. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括：
    通信单元，用于接收第二信息和上行数据，所述上行数据是采用第二接入方式接收的；
    处理单元，用于根据所述第二信息确定第一接入方式，所述第一接入方式为所述终端在采用所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据之前用于发送所述上行数据的接入方式。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为四步随机接入4-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、两步随机接入2-step RACH。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为提前数据传输EDT；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG、携带用户面数据的两步随机接入2-step RACH with UP data。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述第二接入方式为两步随机接入2-step RACH；
    所述第一接入方式为以下多种接入方式中的其中一种：无竞争的配置授权的传输contention-free CG、基于竞争的配置授权的传输contention-based CG。
  23. 根据权利要求19至22任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信单元，还用于在接收第二信息和上行数据之前，接收所述上行数据和第一信息，所述第一信息指示当前的接入方式为初始的接入方式。
  24. 根据权利要求19至23任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信单元，还用于接收第三信息；所述第三信息用于指示所述终端采用所述第一接入方式和所述第二接入方式发送所述上行数据的次数。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和收发器，所述收发器用于与其它通信装置进行通信；所述处理器用于运行程序，以使得所述通信装置实现权利要求1至6任一项所述的方法。
  26. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和收发器，所述收发器用于与其它通信装置进行通信；所述处理器用于运行程序，以使得所述通信装置实现权利要求7至12任一项所述的方法。
  27. 一种计算机可读存储介质，用于储存计算机软件指令，当所述指令被通信装置执行时，实现权利要求1至6任一项所述的方法，或者执行权利要求7至12任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得权利要求1至6任一项所述的方法被执行；或者权利要求7至12任一项所述的方法被执行。
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